DE1176280B - Electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Boarding school Kl .: HOIh

German class: 21g-4/01

Number: 1176 280

File number: C 23834 VIIIc / 21g

Filing date: April 8, 1961

Opening day: August 20, 1964

The present invention relates to an electromagnetic device which is primarily used as Relay can be used, but also as a device for electromagnetic actuation for other purposes can be thought. The device contains a magnetic circuit, which consists of an excitation winding, consists of a core made of ferromagnetic material and two pole pieces, each of which has one has first and second legs which extend substantially at right angles to one another, wherein the first and second ends of the core are defined by the two first legs and the two second legs are opposite to the first and second ends of the core and are near a polarized anchor. The anchor is arranged so that he one Can perform angular movement around an axis, which is determined by a permanently polarized magnet extends, which is contained in the armature and two magnetically soft armature pole pieces to north and South poles magnetized.

In a modern electromagnetic relay it is desirable that it have a high sensitivity in Combination with a small mass and a small weight and, in addition, the Ensures generation of an adequate contact force.

For this reason, a relay has already been developed in which the above-mentioned second leg are coplanar but end some distance from each other. In the gap created in this way is a pivoting permanent magnet is provided, its north and south poles respectively on each Side of the plane of said legs are arranged. The north and south pole pieces are with the Permanent magnets connected, and both pole pieces extend along both legs so that each Leg lies between a north and south pole piece of the armature. In this known construction is due to a narrow limit in the dimensions of the permanent magnet from the north to the south pole this dimension is several times greater than the thickness of the second leg, which cannot be made thicker without adding unnecessary weight. Accordingly specially designed armature pole pieces must be applied to the relatively thick magnet to accommodate in its central area. Here, however, you have to be close to the legs mentioned come to get narrow air gaps for signal flow.

A disadvantage of this known relay is that the electromagnetic relay

Applicant:

Rupert Evan Howard Carpenter,

South Croydon, Surrey (UK)

Representative:

Dipl.-Ing. W. Cohausz, Dipl.-Ing. W. Florack
and Dipl.-Ing. K.-H. Eissei, patent attorneys,
Düsseldorf, Schumannstr. 97

Named as inventor:

Rupert Evan Howard Carpenter,

South Croydon, Surrey (UK)

Claimed priority:
Great Britain of April 11, 1960 (12 886),
dated June 21, 1960 (21750)

Permanent magnet has an unfavorable projection. That means a waste of space with a view to accommodating the relay in the smallest possible rectangular container a significant amount of space in the container is not used.

In addition, this relay requires parts of such a shape that are economical only by Bending and punching can be made. This allows the various parts (in particular the second legs) are not held rigidly to one another in predetermined positions. These are serious disadvantages, if one takes into account that a modern relay with the greatest accuracy must be made in order to obtain an effective narrow working gap.

The exact reproducibility of the gap is extremely important when products are uniform should be produced satisfactorily.

Furthermore, in this known relay, the signal flow along the length of each leg of the Armature pole pieces flow. In view of the presence of the standing polarization flux, which is the additional Reduces permeability, the reluctance of the armature pole pieces with respect to the signal flow is very high high. This difficulty cannot be overcome by

409 657/317

The pole faces can each be made from one piece be or be assembled from separate parts. For example, two arms consist of separate parts of each pole piece.

The invention will now be described in more detail below with reference to drawings be in which

F i g. 1 is a side view of a miniature polarized relay;

F i g. 2 shows the front view of this relay, FIG. 3 represents a plan of this relay,

F i g. Figures 4 and 5 show side and end views of a coil of this relay

F i g. Figure 6 is a side view of an L-shaped pole in Figure 7;

F i g. 9 to 11 are front view, side view

another miniature polarized relay;

13 and 14 are a front view and a plan view of the same miniature relay.

With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a base plate 10 is shown, into which contact pins 11 are cast, through which the connection to the relay action and the relay contacts are established will. A first pole piece in the form of an "L" is as

increase in the cross section of the armature pole pieces are overcome, as this only reduces the inertia of the Ankers is increased, resulting in, among other things, a

Contact impact leads.
The present invention serves to solve the above

to overcome the disadvantages mentioned and is characterized in that the second leg are overlapped and flat, separate, substantially parallel opposite pole faces form, between which the armature is arranged with the axis parallel to and between the Pole faces and the armature's pole pieces are on both sides of the permanent magnet in the area the overlap of the second legs, the anchor as a whole having a flat shape. 15 shoe shows;

In this construction, the anchor and the F i g. 7 is a front view of the same;

the second leg is flat and parallel, and FIG. 8 is a section along the line AA

therefore lie along the winding, a substantial saving in space being achieved

can. Furthermore, this construction has the advantage of ao and plan of an anchor;

that the second legs are ground flat. Fig. 12 is a side view

can and held together by means of parallel, ground spacers arranged in between will. This results in a rigid parallelism and accuracy of the distance between the named pole faces achieved. The flat magnet and the flat pole pieces of the armature can also be parallel be ground to a very precise thickness, and the

Air gaps between the pole faces and the armature pole pieces are (provided that the pivot bracket 12 is attached to the base plate 10. These

bare arrangement of the anchor is exact) completely Support 12 is made of "mu-metal". It is determined by the accuracy of the grinding process. a short leg 13 parallel to the base plate 10 and a long leg 14, which is conveniently located at the right distance to the base plate 10 by means of the bearings. Screws (not reached pieces between the legs. Finally shown 35) hold the leg 13 with an abbreviation can be determined that the signal flow through spacer 15 on the base plate 10,
the pole pieces in the direction of their short dimensions. The relay also has a second »Mu-Me-

gen, d. H. perpendicular to the largest cross-sectional tall pole piece ”in the shape of an“ L ”, which acts as a support 16 area through which the anchor is passed. is formed which has a short leg 17

It can be seen that another is 40 parallel to arm 13, but at the other end of the spool Known relay has fixed pole pieces with two legs, and a long leg 18 parallel to possesses, which are at a fixed distance from each other be the leg 14, which is down against the are consolidated. Although this relay allegedly emp- leg 13 extends. The opposite Should be foundlch, it can only be its sensitivity flat parallel surfaces of the legs 14 and 18 using a negligible armature 45 form the two pole faces of the relay. The support achieve restoring force. This known relay 16 is against the support 12 by means of screws therefore, no sufficient contact force can be removed by the legs 14 and above wrap, especially since the rotation of the armature and down through non-magnetic spacers primarily only pass through the effects of the edge field 20 and 21 and get into the thigh and does not arise from mutual attraction. 50 18 extend. The spacers 20 and 21 ge-over In addition, the reluctance of the signal flux switching ensures that the pole faces of the legs 14 and tion is very high, as there are large air gaps between the 18 parallel and at the right distance from each other fixed pole pieces are present and which are kept away, and are made of a non-armature magnetic material that approximates the reluctance not noticeably lowering the reluctance since it is only designed as a permanent magnet 55 has the same coefficient of thermal expansion as is. who owns the "mu-metal". A coil 22 is between

In the present relay, it is advantageous that the short arms 13 and 17 are clamped. For this purpose, the anchor axis is essentially parallel to the length of the bores in the leg 14, through which the core can be made and an extension the screws 19 pass through, as elongated holes from a rotary spindle for supporting a movable 60. When assembling, the legs of the contact are to be used. The fixed contacts 13 and 17 which are pressed against one another and which cooperate around the coil contact are then on or in the vicinity of the outside of a
the first leg arranged.

Said pole pieces are preferably perpendicular to the radial direction with regard to the
Core and the winding of the first leg arranged.

to clamp carrier 22 while the screws 19 are still loose. The screws are then tightened, while the pressure is maintained.

The coil 22 has, as shown in FIG. 4 and 5 can be seen, a "mu-metal" core 23 and two "Mu-metal" pole pieces 24 and 25. The ends of the core 23 are inserted into bores, the middle

go through the pole faces. During production, the procedure is that the core with a press fit into the both holes is fixed.

After the core is pressed into the holes, small "mu-metal" plugs 26 in the blind holes pressed into the ends of the core.

The outer surface of each pole is rounded so that it forms a spherical cap. The radius lines 27 and 28, which belong to the pole pieces 24 and 25,

however, the flanges of the sleeves 44 are supported on these parts. Plates 45 and screws 46 allow that the flanges are clamped against the legs 13 and spacers 20 after 5 the axis of rotation bearings have been aligned. The contact device of the relay contains a movable contact tongue 47 which is attached to the rod 42 and has a threaded portion 48 passed transversely to receive the rod 42. One

are shown in FIG. While the two ball nuts 49 on the threaded part48 press against a surface of the same radius7? possess, the coil is surface 50 (Fig. 10) of the rod 42, so that the total length of the rod is less than 2 R. In this way, the disc-like end eyelet 51 is held in place, the centers of the two spherical surfaces are connected. A line 52 extends from this eyelet offset to one another, as shown in FIG. 4. The one of the pins 11 and 11 are held in their position on the poles 24 and 25 in spherical recesses 15 legs 14 by tabs 53 with the screws 19 in the legs 17 and 13 with the same. It can be seen that the line 52 accommodated radius R. A recess 29 with a radius R coupled to the armature in the vicinity of its axis in the leg 17 is in the pelt and the support 16 is shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 parallel and tight over its entire length. This runs on the anchor axis. In this way, the figures also show the threaded holes 30 in FIG. 20 that the line does not exert any noticeable force on the armature of the leg 18 for receiving the screws 19. '"["'

Before the winding wire on the core 23- The fixed contacts of the relay are on one

is wound, a strip of insulating block 54 is placed on the leg 17 of the materials folded around the core, and a pair of supports 16 is attached. The plates 55 and 56 are Slotted isolation rings are secured against the inner 25 on each side of the block 54 by means of the screws 57 Surface of poles 24 and 25 attached. ' An end loop attaches and contains the contact screws 58 is attached between each pair of isolation rings and 59.Spacers (not shown) are attached, so that the winding wire uses these eyelets to insulate the plates from the block, ends. The loops are denoted by 31 in Fig. 1 when the armature moves clockwise and lead to lines 32, which extend from the eyelets 30 (Fig. 3), the contact tongue 47 presses against the to two of the pins 11 extend. Tip of screw 59. When turning the anchor in

The armature of the relay lies between the two of the opposite direction, the con-pole faces, which are described above, and is to clock tongue 47 against the tip of the screw 58 at an axis rotatably mounted, which is centered (as shown in this figure). Lines 60 between extends the two pole faces, in a 35 extend from the plates 55 and 56 to two of the Direction approximately parallel to the coil and pins 11 attached exactly under the tabs 53. parallel to the pole faces. The anchor is shown in Fig. 9 while the present construction is opposed to 11 shown. It contains a middle permanent above the known one in the German patent specification th magnet 33, the polarized relay described by pieces of soft iron 34 1 083 931 and 35 is flanked on both sides. The magnet is transverse 40 separates, the mode of action of the one described here a width magnetized so that the pole pieces 34 NEN relay that of the known in principle the same and and 35 form the north and south poles, respectively. It doesn't need to be described. The magnet and the pole pieces are connected to each other through the relay shown in Figures 12-14

a suitable adhesive combined or with one very compact in design and in effectiveness Solder soldered together. The end plates 36 are 45 reliable. The winding 61 is around a flat one attached to the armature with screws 37, and the Η-shaped stamped part instead of a bobbin Axes 38 and 39 extend upward and coiled. The stamped part has a cross piece 62 and downward beyond the plates 36. The axis 39 upper and lower parts 64 and 63 in the form of a goes freely through spacer 21 and "H". Form sealing rings 65 from insulating material ends in an axis of rotation that flanges in a bearing 50, between which the winding around the Mit between the leg 13 and the spacer telstück 62 is wound.

21 is stored. The axis 38 rotates with the A first "L" -shaped pole piece is attached to the end

Pin 41, which is in a bearing, which is fastened in the section 63 and contains separate short and Stand holder 20 is attached, is rotatably mounted. A long leg 66 and 67. The short leg will Rod 42 forms an extension of the pin 41 55 pressed against the end piece 63 with screws 68, and carries the moving contact of the relay. The while the long leg with the short Schen rotary axis bearings are not described; cup is connected by screws 69. This screwdriver Their designs are based on the German ben are also through the long leg 70 Patent specification 1 087 276 referenced, which also includes another of a second "L" -shaped pole piece and one Details, in particular how the 60 non-magnetic spacers 71 are guided, of the Bearings must be aligned and which is arranged between the legs 67 and 70. Advantages can be achieved with these bearing rods. The second pole piece has a short leg can be found. Briefly summarized: 72, the one with the end piece 64 through the screws The axes of rotation 40 and 41 are in resilient tubes 73 and with the leg 70 through the screws 74 stored, which in turn is connected to 65 flanges. A second spacer 75 is

See sleeves 44 are bordered (F i g. 1). the
Metal sleeves go freely through holes in the
Leg 13 and spacer 20 through it,

fastened between the legs 67 and 70 by the screws 76. A polarized anchor 77, which is in
be made and arranged of the same type

i 176

can, as shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 11, is between the spacers 71 and 75 rotatably mounted. An extension 78 on the top of the anchor has a contact arm 79 which is attached to the block 8 (1 by the screws 81 (Fig. 14). This arm carries the movable contacts 82 which cooperate with the fixed contacts 83. the Fixed contacts are fastened on metal plates 84 which are fastened to the two lugs 85 of the part 63 are. In addition, insulation spacers 86 are arranged between the lugs 85 and the plates 84. These components are held together by screws 87.

End loops 88 of the fixed contacts are held under the heads of the screws 87. The screws and eyelets are isolated from the lugs 85 with isolation bushings and seals. An eyelet (not shown) serves to connect the movable contact and is located under the head of the screw 91 held. The insulation spacers 86 are bridged by a platform 89 on which a spring 90 is fastened by means of a screw 91. This pen is used in a well-known manner to increase sensitivity of the armature and to make the connection to the moving contacts.

All metal-to-metal connections are extensively connected to legs 66 and 62, to ensure the desired low reluctance in the magnetic circuit. How this works Relay corresponds to that of the known relay.

Claims (10)

Patent claims: 1. Electromagnetic relay with a magnetic circuit consisting of an excitation winding, a core made of ferromagnetic material and two pole pieces, each of which has a first and a second Has legs which extend substantially at right angles to one another, the first and second ends of the core are formed by the two first legs and the two second legs are opposite to the first and second ends of the core and each other are in the vicinity of a polarized armature arranged to angularly move can run around an axis, which is determined by a permanently polarized magnet extends, which is contained in the armature and two magnetically soft armature pole pieces to North and south poles magnetized, thereby characterized in that the second legs (14, 18) are overlapped and flat from one another form separate, substantially parallel opposite pole faces between which the Armature (33) is arranged with the axis parallel to and between the pole faces (14, 18) lies and the pole pieces (34, 35) of the armature on both sides of the permanent magnet (33) in the The area of the overlap of the second legs (14, 18) and the anchor (33) as a whole has a flat shape. 2. Relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the armature (33) is parallel to the length of the core (22). 3. Relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the pole faces (14, 18) are perpendicular to the radial direction (with respect to the core 22 and the winding) of the first legs (13, 17) stand. 4. Relay according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that its fixed contact or fixed contacts (58, 59) arranged on the outside of one of the first legs (17, 13) are. 5. Relay according to one of claims 2 and 4, characterized in that the armature (33) rotatably disposed at the end near the fixed contact or contacts (58, 59) is and by means of a spindle (41) which extends along the axis and which is connected to the Armature (33) is rotatable and carries a movable contact (47), is mounted. 6. Relay according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the two second Legs (14, 18) of the pole shoes against each other with spacers (20, 21) in between, which determine the distance between the two pole faces, are connected. 7. Relay according to claim 6, characterized in that the armature (33) in two bearings (43) is rotatably mounted in the spacers (20, 21) between the two second legs (14, 18) are arranged, are attached. 8. Relay according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the core as a Coil carrier is formed which has a transverse part (22) and two pole faces (24, 25) from one soft magnetic material, the coil through the pole pieces with the outer Areas of the poles (24, 25) is clamped in the first legs (13, 17) of the pole shoes. 9. Relay according to claim 8, characterized in that the outer surfaces of the poles (24, 25) are designed as spherical caps, the centers of which are offset from one another, and the surfaces of the first legs (13, 17) which comprise the surfaces of the poles, depressions (29) have, in which the poles (24, 25) are received, and the radius of curvature of these The recess (29) is constant and substantially equal to that of the outer surfaces of the poles (24, 25) is. 10. Relay according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the core (62) is a is flat, H-shaped part having a crosspiece (62) which passes through the winding (61) and to which two end pieces (65) adjoin, the ends of the first two Legs (71, 72) of the pole shoes abut against the two end pieces (65). Considered publications:
British Patent Nos. 607 038, 744 719;
U.S. Patent No. 2,810,037. 1 sheet of drawings 409 657/317 8.64 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin