DE1154864B - Three-phase power supply system for ships with synchronization devices for the generators working in parallel on the network - Google Patents

Description

Three-phase power supply system for ships with synchronizing devices for the working on the power parallel generators in general have three-phase supply systems with operating on the network in parallel generators ampenanordnungen to Para11elschalten generators synchronizing with voltmeters, frequency meters and Synchronoskopen or phase] in bright or dark or rotating light switching. This type of synchronization is mainly used for three-phase networks on ships.

How to use these synchronizers and how to choose the right one However, switching moments require a certain amount of experience on the part of the operating personnel. Is z. B. accidentally switched in a moment of phase opposition, so such large equalizing currents can occur between the network and the machine to be connected occur that winding or. Slip ring damage the generators inoperable do. However, welding of the generator circuit breaker contacts occurs more frequently on. To break away the same, the busbar system must in many cases Central are de-energized. For this time, with three-phase systems for ship propulsion, the ship incapable of maneuvering.

In the case of diesel-electric three-phase current supply systems for ships, they do are in operation for a long time, it is often difficult to determine the frequency of the to be switched on The machine must be matched to the mains frequency precisely enough because the diesel speed controller in rough seas and the strong vibrations on board no sufficient speed constancy keep. This results in beat frequencies that are so short that the periods during the synchronization conditions are very short. This leads to incorrect switching in phase opposition, creating serious hazards for the ship.

The use of fast regulating devices has been particularly difficult up to now rigid alternators, d. H. such generators whose excitation current is a contains a predominantly load-independent portion because its operating behavior is a very requires careful execution of the synchronization and the operation filer. occurring current surges can be particularly large. On the other hand, brings from this apart from that, the use of such three-phase generators on ships has advantages that you don't want to do without.

In order to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned, the invention is now carried out proposed that the switching device used for synchronizing and switching on has only a single operating handle that can be switched in two stages and so on it is designed that if the second stage is switched on prematurely, there is no switching effect is transferred to the main switching contacts.

For the implementation of the switching device, it is advantageous that they to avoid a switching effect if the second stage is switched on prematurely Switch lock arranged between the operating handle and the main switch contacts has that a coupling between the same only after the expiry of a certain Time after actuating the first switching stage.

The drawing shows a schematic of the circuit as an exemplary embodiment a three-phase supply system according to the invention in a single-pole representation for any number of generators that can be connected in parallel to the supply network, from which two are drawn with their synchronizers.

The main rail l is via the circuit breaker 2 and the choke coil 3 connected to the secondary rail 4. To the secondary rail 4 are remote-controlled Switch 5, the generators G1 and G2 can be connected.

The contacts 6, 7 and 8 of the self-switch Si can during the Switching on the first switching stage via the actuating rod 9 is moved downwards will. At the other end of the operating rod 9 is the one with a detent for Locking ball K provided switching piece 10 and the operating handle 11. Are the contacts 6, 7 and 8 in their position assigned to the first switching stage, then the Contacts 7 and F are only then taken further down by the actuating rod 9, if a via the undervoltage coil U can be influenced Switch lock of the circuit breaker S1 is effective. By moving the contact piece 10 after contacts 12 and 13 of switch S2 are also operated at the bottom.

The timer Z, designed as a delay relay, has to be switched on the signal lamp L the contact 14 and to turn on the undervoltage coil U the Contact 15. Both the winding of the timing element Z and that of the remote switch 5 can be connected to voltage via contacts 6 and 12.

Via contact 13 of switch S2, the winding of the opening relay Ö voltage received, whereby its contacts 16 and 17 the working circuit of the Open reverse power protection devices Ri and R.

The bypass switch ü causes the undervoltage coil U to become direct put on tension.

To synchronize the generator G1, the actuating handle 11 is first moved downward until the locking ball K is in the detent of the contact piece 10 . The first switching stage of the circuit breaker S1 is thus switched on and the contacts 6, 12 and 13 are closed, while the contacts 7 and 8 still remain open in this position.

This gives both the winding of the remote switch 5 and the timing element Z voltage. The remote switch 5 is actuated and connects the generator G, via the secondary rail 4, the throttle 3 and the disconnector 2 to the main rail 1, whereby a synchronizing torque acts in a known manner on the generator rotor until the generator G1 with the die in a short time Main rail 1 feeding other generators runs synchronously.

The timing element Z is set so that it does not switch until the generator 1 has been synchronized. Then the contact 14 opens, the signal lamp L goes out, and the contact 15 closes, whereby the undervoltage coil U is energized and the locking device of the automatic switch S1 is influenced in such a way that the contacts 7 and 8 are moved further downwards by the actuating rod 9 during further switching can be.

After the signal lamp L has gone out, the operating handle 11 the switching piece 10 and the operating rod 9 with the contacts 7 and 8 to Moving further down when reaching the second switching stage. This will now close also the contacts 7 and 8 of the self-switch S1, while the contacts 12 and 13 of switch S2 open. The generator G1 is then directly on the main rail 1 and all synchronizing devices are dead and inoperative set, while the switch lock still remains effective because the zero voltage coil U now receives voltage via contact 7.

If the operating handle 11 of the self-switch Si before it goes out the signal lamp L moves to the second switching stage, then the contacts 7 and 8 not taken because the undervoltage coils via contact 15 are not energized and the key switch is not effective. This means that premature switching is achieved the system is not endangered. When switching off the self-switch S, is known in Way, the switch lock mechanically unlatched, and the heavily spring-loaded Contacts 6, 7 and 8 open suddenly before contact 12 of switch S opens closes. This prevents the remote contact 5 from being switched on. Through this contact 13 of switch S2 via opening relay Ö and its contacts 16 and 17 the reverse power protection devices R, and R2 of the generators for the duration of the synchronization process are put out of operation, it is prevented that If the frequency equalization is too rough, trigger these protective devices. After the generator is switched on, the entire time delay is available Reverse power protection devices for load transfer by adjusting the speed switch the diesel engine assigned to the generator is available.

So that the generator can also be switched on when the high-speed synchronization system is defective, the bridging switch Ü is provided, via which the undervoltage coil can be permanently excited, whereby the switch lock on the contacts of the self-switch also remains permanently effective. In this case, however, must be done before switching on be synchronized with the help of another existing facility.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Three-phase power supply system for ships with several Power supply units, their generators working in parallel on the network are fast-regulating, compounded three-phase generators whose excitation current is in predominantly contains a load-independent portion, as well as by means of two-stage working switching devices used for synchronizing and switching on a choke to be connected to the network, characterized in that the for Synchronizing and switching on serving switching device (9) only a single one Has operating handle (16) which can be switched in two stages and is designed in this way is that if the second stage is switched on prematurely, there is no switching effect on the Main switching contacts (12) is transmitted. 2. Three-phase power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching device (9) to avoid a switching effect if the second stage is switched on prematurely, between the operating handle (16) and the main switch contacts (12) arranged switch lock (K, 10, 11), the one coupling between them only after a certain time has elapsed after actuating the first switching stage. 3. Three-phase power supply system according to claim 1 and 2; characterized in that the switch latch is actuated by means of an undervoltage coil which can be switched via a timing element. Considered publications: German Patent Nos. 598 451, 694 328, 604596.