DE1146695B - Poison bait for rodents - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

G 32849 IVa / 451

REGISTRATION DATE: AUGUST 2, 1961

NOTICE THE REGISTRATION AND ISSUE OF THE EDITORIAL: APRIL 4, 1963

The invention relates to an improved poison bait for combating rodents, and more particularly of rats. The so far generally used poison baits often have various disadvantages: They are on the one hand sensitive to water and moisture, and on the other hand their application is not easy. These baits often have the disadvantage that they break up into small pieces when they are laid out, or they can be pulverized or scattered after interpretation if one is through carelessness steps on the bait particles laid out at the location of the trap. For this reason can the poison bait contaminate areas that should not come into contact with them, and they can also be ingested by animals for which they are not intended.

The improved poison bait according to the invention is free from the disadvantages and disadvantages indicated above has numerous advantages, which will be pointed out in more detail later.

The poison bait for rodents according to the invention is characterized in that it consists of a net poisoned nutrient particles, which are practically in one plane next to each other and under each other by a binder skin made of water-insoluble synthetic material in the interstices High polymers are connected.

This bait preferably consists of a band, the thickness of which is at least approximately the middle one Thickness of the nutrient particles.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nutrient particle network is loose, i. H., there are free spaces between some particles.

The nutrient particles can come from natural foods or from specially manufactured ones Products exist which are subsequently poisoned by impregnation with a rodenticidal substance have been.

A synthetic binder is advantageously used as the binder for connecting the particles to one another used. As such, in particular, a water-insoluble high polymer of a certain suppleness can be used to enable the bait to vary widely To take forms, and also to facilitate its division into fragments of the dimensions indicated.

More details are given about the individual components of the bait according to the invention and made about the various embodiments of the method.

Poison bait for rodents

Applicant:
JR Geigy A.-G., Basel (Switzerland)

Representative: Dr. F. Zumstein,

DipL-Chem. Dr. rer. nat. E. Assmann

and Dipl.-Chem. Dr. R. Koenigsberger,

Patent Attorneys, Munich 2, Bräuhausstr. 4th

Claimed priority:
France of August 3, 1960 (No. 834 848)

Henri Georges Delmas, St. Benoit, Vienne,

Bernard Jean Rabussier, Poitiers, Vienne,

and Marc Pascaud, Puy-lonchard par risse, Vienne

(France),
have been named as inventors

Nutrient particles

These particles can be designed in the most varied of ways. However, you are not allowed to large in size or too heavy in weight. In the latter case, the maintenance would be the necessary cohesion between the grains a too adhesive binding material or a require too large a quantity of the same to bait by simply, by hand and without special tools feasible tearing to be able to easily distribute into fragments of the desired size.

Among the various materials which are suitable for this purpose and as nutrient particles come into question, the following materials are mentioned:

a) Different types of seeds, such as B. cereals, barley, oats, corn, millet, rapeseed, castor, soy, Flax, peas, beans and lentils. If the grains are only so large that their mean diameter is not more than a few millimeters, it is of interest to use them as such whole has the advantage that its natural appearance is preserved and that it is therefore stronger from the rodents to be desired.

In some cases it is advantageous to roll the kernels (e.g. oats). When the grains are bigger

309 548/332

Have dimensions (which is the case with some beans, for example), they must first be chopped up, around the intended mean dimensions obtain.

b) Cores from various fruits. Such cores are often by-products of certain Ginning and fruit pressing industries represent. You can get grape seeds, orange seeds and fruit stones smaller dimension, such as B. cherry stones, use.

c) fruits in shell. The invention also provides for the use of fruits in bowls or pods before, be it in its natural state, be it that it has been removed from its protective sleeve and depending on its Size and weight to be broken or not broken. Among these products can to warm walnuts, hazelnuts, chestnuts, almonds, peanuts and acorns.

furfuryl) -4-hydroxycoumarin, 3-p-fluorophenyl-acetylethyl - 4 - hydroxycoumarin. 3 - ρ - nitrophenyl - acetylethyl-4-hydroxycoumarin, 3-p-methoxyphenyl-acetylethyl-4-hydroxycoumarin, 3-phenyl-p-chlorobenzoylethyl-4-hydroxycoumarin, 3-p-chlorophenyl-acrylethyl-4-hydroxycoumarin, Dicoumarol, 2-pivalyl-l, 3-indandione, 2-isovaleryl-l, 3-indandione, 2-diphenyl-acetyl-1,3-indandione, 2-naphthyl-1,3-indanedione, 2-chloro-4-methyl-6-dimethylamino-pyrimidine, α-naphthylthio urea, 3,4-dichlorophenyldiazothio urea, Endrin, toxaphene, "red squill" (urginea maritima), strychnine, sodium fluoracetate, zinc phosphide, arsenic oxide, Thallium sulfate.

Binder in the spaces

This material is designed to provide adequate bonding between the particles of the bait accomplish to give these the desired cohesion and the formation of a band of

d) pasta. The invention also sees as

Particles such that by deformation of to 20 ensure uniform thickness from which The substances used to make pasta down to the particles in the course of handling the desired dimensions and subsequent tape are not lost. Under a band of Drying can be made. One can understand a tape of uniform thickness also thickness directly used for human consumption approximately equal to the mean thickness of the particles Pasta or waste of such pasta, which is practically all next to each other, turn, this waste by breaking or without overlapping or lying irregularly, Crushing can be made uniform. in other words a band in which the particles

are distributed in a thin layer. The binder must also have mechanical properties which the bait tape must have: rigidity or flexibility; in the latter case taking into account the desired secondary properties: plasticity or elasticity. In general, a bendable and pliable one

e) Special grains. The nutrient particles can preferably 35 binders with a certain elasticity, also consist of granules which are made up of products. Among the preferred materials which are these Manufactured from a certain nutritional value, meet conditions, synthetic resins can such as bone meal, fish meal, meat meal, and especially high polymers are mentioned,

which either in the pure state or after the addition of plasticizers, stabilizers or fillers can be used.

You can also use a formable and hardenable dough, which consists of waste that is used for would be unsuitable for human nutrition.

If you want to make special doughs, it can be advantageous to prepare them from ingredients which are particularly preferred by rodents.

Flour from various plants, bran grains, semolina flour, tapioca, etc.

Rodenticidal substances

The nutrient particles, which were described in more detail above, are combined with a product, which is a poison for rats and other rodents. This poison can be herbal Be of origin such as scilla (sea onion); However, these toxins can also be synthetic chemical compounds with anticoagulant properties are present, such as B. under the name 3- (a-AcetonyI-4-chlorobenzyl) -4-hydroxycoumarin known connection.

The poison used can be applied to the surface of the nutrient particles, leaving it on this forms a surface layer. But you can also use the particles z. B. by immersion with impregnate the poison. If the poison is not on the preferred binder is a water-insoluble one Material selected that is not sensitive to the effects of moisture.

Especially if the bait is intended to be used in the watercourse of rivers, so this property can be combined with a rather low density of the particles, so that the Bait can swim.

More details about the natural binders that can be used are provided in the discussion of the different embodiments of the bait according to the invention made later.

Aggregates

During the processing of the particles, if they do not consist of natural raw products, or in the further treatment of these particles, if desired, according to the invention, a certain

naturally on the surface of the particles

sticks, you can add a pickling agent 60 number of additives to it or mix with an adhesive capable of defining the properties of the bait

to enhance:

a) Products to prevent fermentation of the bait: sodium sulfite, paranitrophenol, dehydracet-

6g acid.

b) Appetizers for rodents, such as 3- (a-acetonylbenzyl) -4-hydroxycoumarin, 3- (a-aceto- e.g. vegetable oils or essences in small amounts,

xiyl-chlorobenzyl) -4-hydroxycoumarin, 3- (a-acetonyl- which stimulate the rats' appetite.

to ensure a firm connection on the particulate material.

List of substances used as rodenticidal toxins

c) Attractants: volatile products which are capable of attracting rats to the bait.

d) Dyes: These dyes can be used to enhance the attraction of the bait but in particular in accordance with the regulatory provisions to differentiate between these Bait from products intended for nutrition.

All or part of the particles or the intermediate binder can be used to dye.

e) Emetics: For safety purposes, products can be added to the bait to prevent vomiting in animals or humans who have taken part of the bait out of carelessness to have. Such emetics do not affect the rats, which cannot vomit. As an emetic Potassium antimony tartrate and 5-chloro-2-methoxypyridine are used for this purpose Consideration.

The bait in the form of a thin layer, which is made up of particles baked together and through Lining the spaces between the particles is formed, preferably holds as a result of Presence of a pliable binding substance together so that it is easily curled up on itself or spread into a ribbon, cut up with scissors, or into pieces of the with your fingers desired dimensions torn or finally on a surface, such as. B. lace, rope, etc., can be attached.

Finally, in certain cases, the tape-shaped bait can be reduced to a thin and flexible one Apply underlay, such as B. a paper sheet, a natural or synthetic fabric or a Plastic material film.

The figures of the drawing illustrate some preferred embodiments of such poison baits.

Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a tape-shaped poison bait according to the invention;

Fig. 2 shows the same belt in a side view;

Fig. 3 is a side view of the tape rolled up for storage thereof;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary view illustrating the structure of the belt of Fig. 1;

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of a detail of a tape according to a second embodiment of the bait in which the particles are columnar are;

Figure 6 illustrates a preformed particle bait.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 4, a bait is shown, which consists of a elongated band 1 and in which the nutrient particles 2 consist of cereal grains. It can be seen from this that these grains are practically adjacent to one another, that they are not noticeably cover so that, due to the irregularity of their shapes and their arrangement, free spaces 3 exist between them. Some of these grains, such as B. those labeled 4 are colored.

According to the invention, the connection between the grains 2 is by means of an intermediate one Material 5 ensures which is essentially at the level of the points of contact between is localized in the grains. When the spaces 3 are small, such as. B. represented by 31 in Fig. 4, the binding agent 5 completely fills the gap and represents a kind of membrane. In contrast, when the gap between the grains is relatively large, as with 32 shown, the binder 5 is generally only at the periphery of the space thus formed localized.

Under these conditions there are some completely free spaces between the grains 2, and this peculiarity contributes to

ίο that the bait when laid out on the ground takes on the appearance of naturally scattered grains, which is very beneficial and in rats Inspires confidence and causes them to eat the bait.

For storage, the tape-shaped bait 1 can be laid flat on top of one another in layers; but if the binding agent 5 is flexible, it is also possible to roll up the tapes in order to make them one to make relatively compact structure, such as. B.

also the roller 6 of FIG. 3.

In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the bait consists of previously rolled oat kernels. That The net forming this bait is particularly loose, and this bait can very easily be broken up into pieces will.

In Fig. 6 a bait is shown, in which the particles of preformed grains 9 of egg-shaped volume, which, as before, lie next to each other in the form of a thin layer can. This bait is cut into square parts 11.

Of course, if desired, the bait can not only be sold in the form of ribbons be brought, but also in the form of thin sheets, slices, plates, etc. Such a plate-shaped Bait is shown in Fig. 6.

The various embodiments for producing the bait according to the invention are Described in more detail below: These processes relate in particular to the type of production of the binders located in the interstices.

A. Using a solution

The previously poisoned particles become a thin and uniform layer on top of one Distributed metal plate. Then these particles are impregnated with a solution of a synthetic Resin in an organic volatile solvent. This solution must have such a viscosity possess that it can penetrate quickly into the spaces between the particles without the metal plate to flow off.

Depending on the type of resin and the solvent, the concentration of the resin solution should be between 5 and 25%.

The particles thus impregnated are then dried. For this purpose, they are subjected to a stream of air, or they are heated in a drying cabinet or by means of infrared rays. The drying time depends on the temperature and the type of solvent, which solvent is preferably recovered by conventional methods.
The concentration of resin in the finished dried bait is usually between 2 and 15%. The optimal concentration depends on the nature of the resin, the content of plasticizer and the nature of the nutrient components.

In particular, among the usable resins, all in an organic solvent are more sufficient Emphasize volatility of soluble synthetic high polymers caused by evaporation of the solvent result in a water-insoluble, non-sticky and preferably odorless skin. In particular, the following substances and their mixtures may be mentioned: Nitrocelluloses, Cellulqseacetate, Celluloseacetobutyrate, Methyl celluloses, ethyl celluloses, benzyl celluloses, polyethylene of low molecular weight, Polystyrenes, methyl acrylates and methyl methacrylates, polyvinyl chlorides, polyvinylidene chlorides, Copolymers of polyvinylidene, polyvinyl acetates, polyvinyl acetochlorides, polyvinyl formals, acetals and butyrals, certain polyamides.

Any organic liquid can be used as the solvent, whichever is selected Resin dissolves and which is compatible with the other components of the end product. Advantageous one chooses a liquid whose dissolving power to the resin is high enough to cause a rapid To enable dissolution, and their high volatility, the drying time and the required Able to lower the temperature.

Among the solvents usable for this purpose, as such or as mixtures can be used, the following are mentioned: benzene, toluene, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, diethyl ether, Dioxane, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, mesityl oxide, tetrahydrofuran, Morpholine, formamide, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methylene chloride, dichloroethane, Chloroform, trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethylene.

example 1
Bait in the form of a flexible leaf

A solution is produced which contains 15% polyvinyl acetate with a melting point of about 200 ^° C. and 2% dioctyl phthalate in acetone. Grain grains which had previously been impregnated with 0.025% cumachlor sodium are distributed to form a thin layer and these grains are coated by sprinkling them uniformly with 45 g of the above solution per 100 g of grains. This is followed by drying at 55 ^° C. in a drying cabinet.

Example 2
Rigid and brittle leaves

A 12% solution of polystyrene in methylene chloride is prepared. Having previously worked with 0.025% cumachlor sodium impregnated cereal grains are spread into a thin layer these grains coated by even wetting with g of the solution per 100 g of grains and dried on an infrared radiation source.

B. Use of an emulsion

Instead of using a solution, one can also consider an emulsion, with the Implementation of the method is otherwise the same as described above.

As the emulsion, an aqueous emulsion of a synthetic resin or a natural or synthetic elastomers are used. These substances are to be chosen so that after Drying makes the binder of the particles insensitive to water, non-sticky and preferably is odorless. The concentration of the resin in said emulsion can be between 5 and 50% fluctuate. This emulsion can also contain solvents, plasticizers, stabilizers, Fillers, wetting agents, thickeners and dyes can be added. The resin concentration in the finished, dried bait lies between

ίο 3 and 15%, the optimal value being as above described, is determined.

Among the emulsions which can be used alone or as mixtures are the Mentioned the following: latex emulsions, emulsions of butyl rubber, polyvinyl acetate, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, low polyethylene wax Molecular weight, polyvinylidene chloride, copolymers of styrene and butadiene, copolymers of polyvinyl and acrylic esters.

Example 3 Flexible Sheet Preparation of the Emulsion

Commercially available 50% polyvinyl

acetate emulsion 100 parts

Water 100 parts

Sodium Sulforicinate 5 parts

Butyl phthalate 5 parts

As before, the nutrient granules impregnated with 0.025% cumachloro-sodium are distributed in a thin layer and these particles are coated by sprinkling them uniformly with 40 g of the above emulsion per 100 g of granules; then it is dried at 110 ^° C. in a drying cabinet.

Example 4 Elastic sheet

Making the emulsion

-Commercial emulsion of butyl rubber 25%

Water 73%

Sodium Sulforicinate 2%

As before, nutrient granules impregnated with 0.025% cumachloro-sodium are distributed to form a thin layer and these particles are coated by sprinkling them uniformly with 60 g of the above emulsion per 100 g of granules; then it is dried at HO ⁰ C in a drying cabinet.

C. Using a paste

In order to achieve the connection between the poisoned nutrient particles, you can do it start from a paste that is very fine particles made of synthetic resin, which particles are dispersed with the aid of a plasticizer. The resin content in the paste can vary between 40 and 70%, depending on the nature of the ingredients and any additives such as stabilizers, diluents, fillers, colorants and various modifiers to consider.

Among the high polymers suitable for forming extremely fine particles, which by

Claims (9)

9 10 hot gelation in the presence of plasticizing Example 6 mediate an insensitive to water, not result in sticky and odorless sheet, let 5 Man melt 100 parts of ethyl cellulose with a the following mentioned: polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl aceto ethoxyl content of 50%, adds 10 parts butyl phthalate, chloride, polyvinylidene chloride. 10 parts of castor oil and 1 part of di-tert-butyl-para Spread the paste into a thin layer of cresol. from a thickness less than the average impregnated with 0.025% sodium cumachloro Thickness of the particles, then these particles are distributed io natural grains are distributed into a fine layer, on this layer and pressing it by application. 25 g of the melted and low pressure into the paste. As a result of plasticized resin per 100 g of grains by equal the selected layer thickness remains the surface-shaped sprinkling, allows it to cool and disintegrate. the grains completely visible. Tailored to this. if a gelation is made in the oven at a temperature of _{5 £ using a} copolymerization temperature between 90 and 180 C, which is of the type ^{6 F J} depends on the resin used. Then loosens the connection between the nutrient particles the network-like structure formed by the ver can also be brought about in such a way that this turned away document, such as B. a metal plate with a liquid or molten prepolymer or a sheet of paper, and thus receives the finished 20 impregnated, which is a catalyst or a hardener Bait. and possibly a polymerization accelerator both The resin content in this bait is mixed. The previously usually 10 to 25% are advantageous. The poisonous particles are placed in the form of a thin, uniform η- · 1 <layer on a metal plate, and the Vor ^ls P ^ie 25 polymer is then poured in a liquid state onto it to produce the paste. This must be fluid enough to To polyvinyl chloride (molecular weight 75,000) ™ ^sch penetrate between the particles. Its viscosity can be increased by moderate heating Granule size below 0.5 µ can be reduced 60%, provided that the Butyl phthalate 22/0 ₃₀ catalyst or the hardener only in the eye Dioctyl phthalate 15% _{view of the} infusion is incorporated. »White SPMT '(Erdolfraktion) 3% p _em fl _üss i _gen prepolymer can also plasticity A sheet of paper is made with a 0.5 mm thick fixing agent, fillers, dyes and others Coated layer of the above paste. On top of this, the property-changing agents are added the particles that were previously with 0.025% Cuma- 35. chlorine-sodium had been impregnated in one of the substances that can be used for this purpose, uniform layer on this paste and pressed by copolymerization or grafting The particles are water-insensitive, non-sticky or non-sticky by pressing gently into the paste into it. Then leaves are obtained in an oven for 2 hours, the following being specifically mentioned: left to gel at 125 ^° C.: the 40 - is then dissolved. _r , _e λ r> ■ Bait * « ⁸ from the ⁸ paper un.age and cerium polymers on the B ₃ S from scnnemei it. monomeric methyl methacrylate. D. Use of a molten resin The _{resin content in the finished} bait is The appropriately poisoned nutrient particles 45 are between 10 and 30% homely. be in the form of a thin and uniform. . Layer spread out on a plate. Pour on it. Example 7 one by applying heat beforehand with 0.025% cumachlor-sodium melted resin mass onto these particles. The grains used for impregnated grains become thin Resin liquid used for this purpose must not be spread 50 layer. Then one mixes quickly To be too viscous, so that they quickly in the interstices 80 parts of a liquid Äthoxylinharzes with 20 parts can occur between the particles. Around a triethanolamine and immediately afterwards coat it Eventual solidification of the resin before the end- cereal grains by uniform sprinkling The flow into the interstices should be added in an amount of 25 g of the modified liquid you can avoid the plate-shaped base 55 resin per 100 g of grains and polymerizes during heat with the particles. 1 hour at 100 ^° C. Then it is allowed to cool and The molten resin can optionally cut the bait obtained. Plasticizers, stabilizers, fillers, coloring The poison bait according to the invention can also substances or liquefying agents are added. to control rats also to control Among the usable substances of this kind, 60 other harmful rodents are used, in particular the following are mentioned, which include B. of field voles and water voles, wild are legally easily meltable: rabbits, muskrats, etc. Ethyl cellulose with a high ethoxyl content, Cellulose acetate of low melting point, claims: Polyethylene wax with a low melting point, ⁵ _{L poison bait for} rodents, Vinyl acetate of low melting point _{shows that it is poisoned from a web of} Urea formol resin. Nutrient parts, which are practically in The resin content in the finished bait is one level next to each other and below each other cozy 10 to 30%. by an existing one in the interstices Binder skin made of water-insoluble synthetic high polymers are connected. 2. poison bait according to claim 1, characterized in that it is in the form of a tape whose thickness is practically the same as the average thickness of the nutrient particles. 3. poison bait according to claim 1, characterized in that the network of nutrient particles is loosely formed, with free spaces between some nutrient particles being ίο stand. 4. poison bait according to claim 1, characterized in that the nutrient particles from Grains, seeds, kernels or nuts in a natural or crushed state, depending according to their size. 5. poison bait according to claim 1, characterized in that the nutrient particles from to regular or crushed particles of deformed pasta or other granulated or agglomerated foods. 6. poison bait according to claim 1, characterized in that the nutrient particles their surface by impregnated or deposited natural or synthetic rodenticides Substances are poisoned, whereby these toxins are raised with the help of an intermediate pickling agent the particles can be fixed. 7. poison bait according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting the nutrient particles Binder skin is pliable or rigid and hard or elastic. 1 sheet of drawings θ 309 542/332 3.63