DE1144413B - Device for monitoring a pressure pipe for liquid-cooled and / or liquid-moderated atomic nuclear reactors - Google Patents

Device for monitoring a pressure pipe for liquid-cooled and / or liquid-moderated atomic nuclear reactors

Info

Publication number
DE1144413B
DE1144413B DES70591A DES0070591A DE1144413B DE 1144413 B DE1144413 B DE 1144413B DE S70591 A DES70591 A DE S70591A DE S0070591 A DES0070591 A DE S0070591A DE 1144413 B DE1144413 B DE 1144413B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
pressure pipe
liquid
insulating
pressure
monitoring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DES70591A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Horst Michael
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DES70591A priority Critical patent/DE1144413B/en
Publication of DE1144413B publication Critical patent/DE1144413B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/042—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by using materials which expand, contract, disintegrate, or decompose in contact with a fluid
    • G01M3/045—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by using materials which expand, contract, disintegrate, or decompose in contact with a fluid with electrical detection means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/16—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C1/00—Reactor types
    • G21C1/04—Thermal reactors ; Epithermal reactors
    • G21C1/06—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated
    • G21C1/14—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being substantially not pressurised, e.g. swimming-pool reactor
    • G21C1/16—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being substantially not pressurised, e.g. swimming-pool reactor moderator and coolant being different or separated, e.g. sodium-graphite reactor, sodium-heavy water reactor or organic coolant-heavy water reactor
    • G21C1/18—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being substantially not pressurised, e.g. swimming-pool reactor moderator and coolant being different or separated, e.g. sodium-graphite reactor, sodium-heavy water reactor or organic coolant-heavy water reactor coolant being pressurised
    • G21C1/20—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being substantially not pressurised, e.g. swimming-pool reactor moderator and coolant being different or separated, e.g. sodium-graphite reactor, sodium-heavy water reactor or organic coolant-heavy water reactor coolant being pressurised moderator being liquid, e.g. pressure-tube reactor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • G21C17/002—Detection of leaks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • G21C17/10—Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • G21C17/02—Devices or arrangements for monitoring coolant or moderator
    • G21C17/04—Detecting burst slugs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Description

Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Druckrohres für flüssigkeitsgekühlte und/oder flüssigkeitsmoderierte Atomkernreaktoren Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur obere wachung eines Druckrohres für flüssigkeitsgekühlte und/oder flüssigkeitsmoderierte Atomkernreaktoren mit einem in dem Druckrohr koaxial eingebauten und mit diesem in elektrisch leitender Verbindung stehenden Isolierrohr und einem Ringspalt zwischen Druckrohr und Isolierrohr, der vorzugsweise mit einer pulverförmigen, keramischen Isoliermasse, beispielsweise Magnesium- oder Zirkonoxydpulver, gefüllt ist. Wird das Druck- oder das Isolierrohr während des Betriebes schadhaft, so daß die Moderator- bzw. Kühlflüssigkeit, z. B. D2O, in den Ringspalt eindringt, so nehmen die Isolationseigenschaften des Keramikpulvers mit steigender Flüssigkeitsaufnahme ab. Die dadurch verursachte Erwärmung des Druckrohres kann schließlich das zulässige Maß überschreiten und den Reaktorbetrieb gefährden. Device for monitoring a pressure pipe for liquid-cooled and / or liquid-moderated atomic nuclear reactors The invention relates to a device for the upper monitoring of a pressure pipe for liquid-cooled and / or liquid-moderated Atomic nuclear reactors with a built-in coaxially in the pressure pipe and with this in electrically conductive connection insulating tube and an annular gap between Pressure tube and insulating tube, preferably with a powdery, ceramic Insulating compound, for example magnesium or zirconium oxide powder, is filled. Will the pressure pipe or the insulating pipe is damaged during operation, so that the moderator or coolant, e.g. B. D2O, penetrates into the annular gap, the insulation properties decrease of the ceramic powder decreases with increasing liquid absorption. The one caused by it Finally, heating of the pressure pipe can exceed the permissible level and the Endanger reactor operation.

Es ist bekannt, Brennelementhüllen dadurch zu überwachen, daß man in die Hülle einen in eine keramische Isoliermasse eingebetteten oder einen mit einer dünnen Aluminiumoxydschicht überzogenen Draht zwischen dem Brennstoff und der Hülle bzw. in der Hülle selbst anordnet und diesen Draht über ein elektrisches Leitfähigkeitsmeßglied mit der Hülle verbindet. Die Verwendung eines in Längsrichtung in dem Element angeordneten Drahtes hat den Nachteil, daß sehr kleine Lecks nur dann kurzfristig angezeigt werden, wenn diese in unmittelbarer Nähe des drahtförmigen Leiters auftreten.It is known to monitor fuel assembly cladding by in the shell one embedded in a ceramic insulating compound or one with a thin layer of aluminum oxide coated wire between the fuel and the sheath or in the sheath itself and this wire via an electrical Conductivity measuring member connects to the sheath. The use of a lengthways arranged in the element wire has the disadvantage that very small leaks only then be displayed briefly when these are in the immediate vicinity of the wire-shaped Ladder occur.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde. eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Druckrohres zu schaffen, die sehr rasch auch kleine Lecks anzeigt und bei der die Nachweisempfindlichkeit praktisch unabhängig davon ist, an welcher Stelle des Rohres ein Leck auftritt. Ferner soll genügend Zeit bleiben, um das Rohr sofort nach Auftreten des Lecks noch vor seiner vollständigen Zerstörung auszuwechseln. The invention is based on the object. a device for monitoring to create a pressure pipe that quickly indicates even small leaks and at which the detection sensitivity is practically independent of where a leak occurs in the pipe. There should also be enough time to open the pipe immediately after the leak has occurred, replace it before it is completely destroyed.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch gelöst, daß in die Isoliermasse ein Hohlzylinder aus einem elektrisch leitenden Stoff eingebettet ist, der die Isoliermasse in zwei Schichten unterteilt und der mit dem Druckrohr über ein elektrisches Leitfähigkeitsmeßglied verbunden ist. Als Meßglied kann beispielsweise ein Widerstandsmeßgerät mit eingebauter Hilfsspannungsquelle, ein Strom oder Spannung anzeigendes Meßgerät oder ein Relais in Verbindung mit einer Hilfsspannungsquelle dienen. Ein Ansprechen des Meßgliedes zeigt an, daß Flüssigkeit in den Ringspalt eingedrungen ist, d. h. daß entweder das Druck- oder das Isolierrohr schadhaft ist. Mit Hilfe eines Relais als Meßglied kann ein optisches oder akustisches Warnsignal ausgelöst werden. According to the invention this is achieved in that in the insulating compound a hollow cylinder made of an electrically conductive material is embedded, which forms the insulating compound divided into two layers and the one with the pressure pipe via an electrical conductivity measuring element connected is. As a measuring element, for example, a built-in resistance meter can be used Auxiliary voltage source, a current or voltage indicating measuring device or a relay in connection with an auxiliary voltage source. A response of the measuring element indicates that liquid has penetrated into the annular gap, i. H. that either the pressure or insulation pipe is defective. With the help of a relay as a measuring element an optical or acoustic warning signal can be triggered.

An Hand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles soll die Erfindung im folgenden erläutert werden. On the basis of an embodiment shown in the drawing the invention is to be explained in the following.

Nach Fig. 1 ist in ein Druckrohr 1 ein Isolierrohr 2 mit kleinerem Durchmesser koaxial eingesetzt. Druckrohr und Isolierrohr sind beispielsweise aus einer Zirkonlegierung hergestellt. Das Isolierrohr erstreckt sich beiderseits bis in die Druckrohrschäfte 3, in denen die Rohrenden 4, 5 - Rohrende 5 nach Aufweitung auf den Schaftdurchmesser - mittels Spannringen 6 druckdicht eingewalzt sind. Der Ringspalt 7 zwischen Isolierrohr 2 und Druckrohr 1 bzw. Schaft 3 ist mit einem Keramikpulver, beispielsweise Magnesium- oder Zirkonoxyd, ausgefüllt, das durch einen aus einer elektrisch leitenden Folie gebildeten Hohlzylinder 8 mit im wesentlichen derselben Länge wie der Ringspalt in zwei Isolierschichten 9, tO unterteilt ist, wie Fig. 2 in vergrößertem Maßstab zeigt. Dadurch bleibt eine Isolierwirkung des Keramikpulvers erhalten, solange die eingedrungene Flüssigkeit nur eine der beiden Schichten durchsetzt. Durch eine im Druckrohrschaft angeordnete Durchführung 11, beispielsweise aus Glas, ist ein elektrischer Leiter 12 geführt, der den Hohlzylinder mit einem nicht dargestellten elektrischen Leitfähigkeitsmeßglied verbindet. According to Fig. 1, an insulating tube 2 with a smaller one is in a pressure tube 1 Diameter used coaxially. Pressure pipe and insulating pipe are made, for example made of a zirconium alloy. The insulating tube extends up to on both sides into the pressure pipe shafts 3, in which the pipe ends 4, 5 - pipe end 5 after expansion on the shaft diameter - are rolled pressure-tight by means of clamping rings 6. Of the Annular gap 7 between insulating tube 2 and pressure tube 1 or shaft 3 is coated with a ceramic powder, for example magnesium or zirconium oxide, filled in by one of a electrically conductive film formed hollow cylinder 8 with essentially the same Length as the annular gap is divided into two insulating layers 9, t0, as Fig. 2 shows on an enlarged scale. This leaves the ceramic powder with an insulating effect as long as the penetrated liquid only penetrates one of the two layers. Through a bushing 11 arranged in the pressure tube shaft, for example made of glass, an electrical conductor 12 is guided, which connects the hollow cylinder with a not shown electrical conductivity measuring element connects.

Wird dieses Meßglied, beispielsweise ein Strom- oder Spannungsmesser, andererseits über eine Spannungsquelle mit dem Druckrohr verbunden, so zeigt es das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit in den Ringspalt an, da sich der Stromkreis über die feucht gewordenen Ab- schnitte der keramischen Isoliermasse schließt. Die Hilfsspannungsquelle kann entfallen, wenn der Hohlzylinder aus einem anderen Werkstoff als das Druck-und Isolierrohr, z. B. aus Beryllium, hergestellt ist. In diesem Fall dissoziiert die in den Ringspalt eindringende Flüssigkeit, und es entsteht ein galvanisches Element, dessen Spannung z. B. direkt gemessen oder, gegebenenfalls über einen Verstärker, an ein Relais angelegt werden kann. Eine Anzeige oder Meldung durch das elektrische Meßglied erhält man natürlich auch, wenn der Hohlzylinder aus einem Drahtgeflecht hergestellt ist.If this measuring element, for example an ammeter or voltmeter, on the other hand connected to the pressure pipe via a voltage source, it shows the penetration of moisture into the annular gap, as the circuit is over the wet waste sections of the ceramic insulating compound closes. The auxiliary voltage source can be omitted if the hollow cylinder consists of a other material than the pressure and insulating tube, e.g. B. made of beryllium is. In this case, the liquid penetrating into the annular gap dissociates, and the result is a galvanic element whose voltage z. B. measured directly or, if necessary via an amplifier, can be applied to a relay. An ad or message by the electrical measuring element is of course also received when the Hollow cylinder is made from a wire mesh.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRUCHE: 1. Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Druckrohres für flüssigkeitsgekühlte und/oder flüssigkeitsmoderierte Atomkemreaktoren, mit einem in dem Druckrohr koaxial eingebauten und mit diesem in elektrisch leitender Verbindung stehen- dem Isolierrohr und einem Ringspalt zwischen Druckrohr und Isolierrohr, der mit einer isolierenden Masse ausgefüllt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in die Isoliermasse ein Hohlzylinder aus elektrisch leitendem Stoff eingebettet ist, der die Isoliennasse in zwei Schichten unterteilt und der mit dem Druckrohr über ein elektrisches Leitfähigkeits-Meßglied verbunden ist. PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Device for monitoring a pressure pipe for liquid-cooled and / or liquid-moderated atomic core reactors, with a installed coaxially in the pressure pipe and in an electrically conductive connection therewith stand- the insulating tube and an annular gap between the pressure tube and the insulating tube, the is filled with an insulating mass, characterized in that in the Insulating compound, a hollow cylinder made of electrically conductive material is embedded the insulating wet is divided into two layers and the one with the pressure pipe over one electrical conductivity measuring element is connected. 2. Druckrohr nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Werkstoff für das Druck-und Isolierrohr ein anderer als der für den eingebetteten Hohlzylinder verwendete Werkstoff ist. 2. Pressure pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the material for the pressure and insulating tube different from that for the embedded hollow cylinder used material. 3. Druckrohr nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Druckrohrschaft eine Durchführung für die den Hohlzylinder und das Meßglied verbindende Leitung vorgesehen ist. 3. Pressure pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that in the pressure pipe shaft a passage for the line connecting the hollow cylinder and the measuring element is provided. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsches Gebrauchsmuster Nr. 1 756799. Considered publications: German utility model no. 1 756799.
DES70591A 1960-09-28 1960-09-28 Device for monitoring a pressure pipe for liquid-cooled and / or liquid-moderated atomic nuclear reactors Pending DE1144413B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES70591A DE1144413B (en) 1960-09-28 1960-09-28 Device for monitoring a pressure pipe for liquid-cooled and / or liquid-moderated atomic nuclear reactors

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES70591A DE1144413B (en) 1960-09-28 1960-09-28 Device for monitoring a pressure pipe for liquid-cooled and / or liquid-moderated atomic nuclear reactors

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1144413B true DE1144413B (en) 1963-02-28

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Family Applications (1)

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DES70591A Pending DE1144413B (en) 1960-09-28 1960-09-28 Device for monitoring a pressure pipe for liquid-cooled and / or liquid-moderated atomic nuclear reactors

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1984003768A1 (en) * 1983-03-17 1984-09-27 Anthony John Maxwell Self energising sensor
EP0120479A2 (en) * 1983-03-23 1984-10-03 Nippon Steel Corporation Structure fastening cable
EP0258835A2 (en) * 1986-08-30 1988-03-09 Fröhling, Werner, Dr.rer.nat. Dipl.-Phys. Impermeable separating layer

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1756799U (en) * 1956-03-05 1957-11-28 Licentia Gmbh MONITORING DEVICE FOR FUEL ELEMENTS.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1756799U (en) * 1956-03-05 1957-11-28 Licentia Gmbh MONITORING DEVICE FOR FUEL ELEMENTS.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1984003768A1 (en) * 1983-03-17 1984-09-27 Anthony John Maxwell Self energising sensor
EP0122730A1 (en) * 1983-03-17 1984-10-24 Pax Ex Innovatione Stiftung Self energizing sensor
EP0120479A2 (en) * 1983-03-23 1984-10-03 Nippon Steel Corporation Structure fastening cable
EP0120479A3 (en) * 1983-03-23 1986-10-01 Nippon Steel Corporation Structure fastening cable
EP0258835A2 (en) * 1986-08-30 1988-03-09 Fröhling, Werner, Dr.rer.nat. Dipl.-Phys. Impermeable separating layer
EP0258835A3 (en) * 1986-08-30 1988-11-30 Fröhling, Werner, Dr.rer.nat. Dipl.-Phys. Impermeable separating layer

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