DE1134133B - Electrical switch with several break points - Google Patents

Description

It is known, compressed air switches for high voltages with several interruption points from components build up, from which the compressed air flows out during the switching process. With the known switches Efforts have been made to assemble the whole switch from a few components. The components must therefore be coordinated in a certain way to switch for different To be able to build up tension. So one has z. B. the components for the arcing chamber that Post insulators and the drive links all have the same overall length (height). Through this Coordination, however, necessarily results in a certain restriction of the constructive training of the individual elements. It is hardly possible that the elements are designed in an optimal way.

It is also known to use relatively large units as components for compressed air switches, Each element has an auxiliary switching point and an impedance in addition to the power switching point contains. The components are, in order to manage with a small space despite the many components, heavily nested. Practically the entire switch must therefore be dismantled for inspection because there is no other way to get to the switching points.

What was said last applies essentially to another known compressed air switch in which the component in addition to the power switching point and the auxiliary switching point with the impedance also has one Disconnector with air separation section, with which the individual power switching points are connected in series are. In this arrangement, too, the power switching points to be checked are ready for operation Switches are practically inaccessible because they are arranged in insulating tubes with HiKe from Compressed air supply pipes designed as components are combined to form a column and also carry the impedances connected in parallel. As a result, the switch must first be largely dismantled before maintenance of the switching points is possible.

In contrast to the known switches, an electrical switch is made up of several switches connected in series Break points in a closed housing, which is equipped with an electronegative Gas is filled, which is pressed through a nozzle against the switch-off arc when it is switched off, constructed from the same interruption devices used as components in such a way that according to the invention the components are connected via intermediate housings and that the intermediate

Electric switch
with several interruption points

Applicant:

Westinghouse Electric Corporation,
East Pittsburgh, Pa. (V. St. A.)

Representative: Dr.-Ing. P. Ohrt, patent attorney,
Erlangen, Werner-von-Siemens-Str. 50

Claimed priority:
V. St. v. America 19 September 1958 (No. 762 027)

Robert E. Friedrich, Pittsburgh, Pa. (V. St. Α.),
has been named as the inventor

housings are provided with openings that allow the assembly and maintenance of the interruption devices.

With the invention it is possible to maintain the switch without the individual interruption points must be separated from each other. The intermediate housings are also advantageous because because they facilitate the construction of different switches from the same components. With the intermediate housings it can be simple sheet metal constructions, which are easily different Conditions can be adapted. The interruption facilities remain unaffected. You can therefore be optimally designed and z. B. manufactured in an assembly line will.

With the invention, switches for high and low voltages and for large or small rated powers can be created in a known manner. The invention can therefore also be used for the installation of a complete series of circuit breakers. The components can advantageously be designed in a similar manner to that specified in German patent specification 1069 740. The switch described therein has a bushing and is suitable for the use of highly effective extinguishing agents, such as. B. sulfur hexafluoride (SF ₆ ) and / or selenium hexafluoride

(SeF ₆ ) or a mixture of one or both of the aforementioned gases with one of the following gases: air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon or

209 628/212

Helium. The switching point has a blowing cylinder that slides over a stationary piston, as well a nozzle and a movable contact piece that is moved with the aforementioned cylinder. In the The moving cylinder, which slides over the stationary piston, prints the extinguishing agent when it is switched off by a movable nozzle arrangement against the switch-off arc. Through contact roles becomes enables a largely frictionless actuation of the interruption device.

The interruption points assembled with intermediate housings according to the invention can be in can be spatially arranged in various ways. For example you can use the breakpoints

Switch called, in which a plurality as components executed interruption devices 2, 3 are used. As can be seen, the figure is canceled on lines 4, 6 for the sake of clarity. However, the structure can be any Include arrangement in which three, four or more components for higher powers and higher Voltages are used.

Each component can consist of a pin-shaped

ίο fixed support piece 7 with a fixed one Switching piece 8 exist, which points downward from the fixed support piece. With the stangenf Shaped fixed contact piece 8, a movable contact piece 9 interacts, which preferably from

unite into columns, as is known per se. A 15 of a plurality of resilient fingers 10 is made. The particularly favorable space and material-saving fingers 10 can be formed by a longitudinally slotted tube when the columns are formed in themselves. Such a tube 12 is inclined towards one another in a known manner and is connected to the movable cylinder 13, which slides over one end facing one another through a piston 14 which is fixed for both. The piston 14 of the pillars common intermediate housing connected to the lower unit 3 has a fastening part 15, which are. The inclined columns can with their to clamp on the upper ends facing away from each other with a thread down or after
pointing up. In the common intermediate housing
can also have a common pumping device for the
Interrupting devices for the two pillars 25
be seen. In this case, an A is not necessary

Direction for generating a flow of extinguishing agent in the area of the switching chamber itself.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings, for example.

Fig. 1 shows a vertical section through a circuit breaker according to the invention; the contact pieces are shown in the on position; Fig. 2 is a partial section on an enlarged scale

provided end 16 of the connecting bolt 17 is suitable. The bolt leads through the designated as a whole with 18 Execution.

The implementation 18 is constructed in the usual way. It consists of a porcelain housing 19 that a capacitor winding 20 encloses. The capacitor winding surrounds the bolt in a known manner 17. It consists of a plurality of paper windings with capacitor plates enclosed therein. As a result, the substantially uniform stress distribution in the radial direction of the Capacitor winding reached.

The capacitor winding is grounded from a

seen along the line II-II of Figure 1 in the direction of arrows 35 tube 21 and an upper tapered porcelain; lan jacket 22 surrounded. The grounded pipe 21

Fig. 3 shows an arrangement for two with one extending through a drive housing 23 through which Implementation provided switch columns for behaving a drive shaft 24 is guided. Preferably will moderately low voltage; a gas-tight seal 26 (Fig. 2) is used so that

Fig. 4 shows an arrangement similar to that according to 40 no loss of extinguishing agent occurs Fig. 3, but used for high rated power and higher switch 1. The shaft 24 will out-of-voltage requirements, a plurality of components of the drive housing 23 being supported by a lever 27 ments are used in series; actuated. With the inner end of the shaft 24 is a

Fig. 5 shows another arrangement of the fastening lever arm 28 connected, the two fork-shaped in which the switch columns, compared to the 45 ends, have 29 ends. At these ends is at 30 a Figures 3 and 4 are reversed; connector 31 also attached. The connection will a common drive is used; piece 31 is articulated at 32 with a lever arm 34

Fig. 6 shows another possible arrangement connected. The lever arm 34 causes the rotation for two switch columns which are inclined towards each other by a shaft 35 which extends transversely through the interior of the are and 5 ° drive housing 23 extends through a common drive. At the ends of the be made; Shaft 35 bearings 33 are provided, which with the An

Drive housing 23 are connected.

At the ends of the shaft 35 two lever arms 36 are attached, which are on both sides of the grounded pipe 21 run. At the outer ends 37 of the lever 36 longitudinal insulating rods 38 are attached, which cause the various cylinders 13 to move axially to and fro. As 11 is shown in more detail, the rods 38 consist of several provided with caps Insulating rods 38 a, which are plugged together and can be easily detached from each other.

From the above description it can be seen that a rotation of the external lever arm

Fig. 11 is a section along the line XI-XI of 65 27 results in a rotation of the shaft 24, which on the Fig. 1. Lever arm 28 and the connecting piece 31 a

In the figures, in particular in FIG. 1, there is a rotational movement of the shaft arranged in the interior with 1 as a whole results in a 35 provided with a leadthrough. This will go over the lever arm

FIG. 7 shows an arrangement similar to that of FIG. 6, but with a common piston arrangement is used, which is arranged inside a common intermediate housing;

Fig. 8 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, through the interruption device of Fig. 7; the inner structure is shown, from which the operation of the common piston for both Bushing switch can be seen;

Figure 9 shows an arrangement for a relatively low voltage switch;

Fig. 10 is a section on line X-X of Fig. 11;

36 causes a longitudinal movement of the insulating rods 38, so that not only the switch-on and switch-off movement of the two contact piece arrangements in series, but also the movement of the different ones Cylinder 15 is reached via the stationary piston 14, so that the indicated by the arrows Gas flow through the nozzles 39 is generated.

Each cylinder 13 has two lifting eyes 40, which are connected at 42 with the parts of the insulating rods 38 α are as shown in FIG.

In order to facilitate the movement of the drive cylinder 13 and smooth guidance as well as the To ensure current transfer between the series interruption devices 2 and 3, a contact roller assembly 43 is used on each cylinder 13. The contact roller arrangement 43 consists of a movable guide rod 44 on each side of the drive cylinder 13, which at 45 is screwed into the side of the cylinder 13. The guide rod 44 is in the middle between two Sets of contact rollers 46 arranged. Each set of contact rollers contains a number of pairs of rollers 47, which on Bolts 48 are attached. The bolts 48 extend through four openings in a mounting plate 49. In this way, the guide rod attached to the cylinder 13 rolls freely between the two Sets contact rollers 43 and enables the current transfer.

The contact rollers 47 roll on the outside on two fixed guide rods 51. The one with the lowest Interrupting device 3 connected guide rods are connected to the plate 50, which extends sideways from the fastening part 15 which is integral with the stationary piston 14 consists.

The fixed guide rods 51, which are connected to the upper interruption devices, such as B. the device 2 of Fig. 1, have a laterally extending at their lower end Plate 60 of the piston carrier 52. The plate 60 is connected to a housing 53 located in between. The housing consists of a cylindrical part 54 on which, for. B. by welding upper and lower Plates 55, 56 are attached. The housings could also be cast in one piece. The piston carrier 52 of the upper stationary piston 14 is on the upper plate 55 together with the guide rods 51 of the intermediate housing 53 screwed on.

In order to measure the current flowing through the switch 1, two current transformers 57, 58 used.

As the illustrated construction of the interruption device shows, any component of the switch can be provided with porcelain housings 59 of the same length. Annular flanges 61 are provided at the upper and lower ends of each porcelain case 61. Furthermore, the movable one Cylinder 13 is formed identically for each element. All cylinders are like at 12 with the insulating rod 38 α connected. The nozzle assemblies 39 and the movable contact pieces 9 are also the same for all interruption devices 2, 3. Likewise, the fixed contact pieces 8 are for all Elements identical.

As can be seen, various changes are made to the upper and lower ends of the circuit breaker 1 of the lower and upper interruption devices 2, 3 are required. For example is one Cover cap 62 preferably with screws on the upper mounting flange 61 of the housing uppermost interruption device 2 attached. Furthermore, the fixed piston 14 must be the lowest Interrupting device 3 have a clamping device so that it is threaded onto the upper provided end 16 of the lead-through bolt 17 can be clamped. In addition, the Contrasted with the upper facilities where

ίο the guide rods 51 and the piston carriers 52 the upper annular plates 55 of the intermediate housings 53 are fixed, at the lower interruption device 3 place the guide rods and piston carriers on the upper threaded one End 16 of the lead-through bolt 17 are screwed.

The arrangement according to the invention offers many advantages. For example, the porcelain housings 59, all of which are the same length, can be obtained cheaply

ao the methods of mass production. The same goes for the other parts of each Interrupting device, e.g. B. for the fixed and movable contact pieces 8, 9, the cylinders 13 and the stationary piston 14. The stationary contact carrier 7 can all be designed in the same way be. The top contact carrier 7 can be screwed to an annular plate 63, while the other contact carriers are attached to the lower plate 56 with each intermediate housing 53 is connected. Depending on the power and the desired voltage, a The majority of such components are used. Since each element consists of parts that are essentially for all elements are the same, there are significant savings in the construction of the circuit breaker 1. 3 to 7 and 9 show various possibilities of known arrangements that are in the Connection with the circuit breakers according to FIGS. 1 and 2 can be used. For example 3, two switch columns 64 assembled with bushings are used. As As shown, each switch 64 has only a single intermediate housing 53. Each switch 64 consists therefore from two interruption devices 2, 3.

The switches 64 can e.g. B. held by a cross-shaped support frame 65 made of tubes be, through which extends a shaft, not shown, the z. B. to operate the shaft 24 each Switch 64 is used.

The shaft can also be arranged outside the supporting framework 65. The cross member 65 extends on both sides of the common grounded drive housing 67, the z. B. at the top of a Support frame 68 is arranged. The drive housing 67 contains the actuating device. It could too be provided at the lower end of the support frame 68, in which case suitable intermediate members are to be used would be. Various devices can be used to drive the z. B. with compressed air work or be operated via a coil or hydraulically. The housed in the housing 67 The drive actuates the two switch columns 64 at the same time. As mentioned, the drive causes a Rotation of the rotating shafts (not shown) arranged in the interior of the tubular cross member 65. However, other actuators can also be used. For connecting the two switch pillars 64 is an electrical conductor 69, with the

the switches are connected in series. The lines 70, 71 are connected to the lead-through bolts 17, which extend through each lead-through 18.

FIG. 4 shows an arrangement which essentially corresponds to that of FIG. The order according to Fig. 4 is designed for a higher voltage and a higher rated power. Each switch pillar 72 has two intermediate housings 53, as each switchgear

the insulating rod 92 sits a spring plate 103 which serves as a lower support for a compression spring 104. During the switch-off movement, the insulating rod 82 unlocked by means not shown, which are provided in the drive housing 105. the Compression spring 104 can therefore move the spring plate and thus the drive rod 82 downwards. the Movement of the drive rod 82 results in a downward movement of the piston 81, which in the

column 72 has three interruption devices, ίο cylinder 106 is arranged. This will make the deletion

The tubular cross member 65 can just as with medium, ζ. B. sulfur hexafluoride gas, through the nozzles

of Fig. 3 be formed. Pressed via a connection 107, the one with the fixed contact pieces

line 69, the two switch columns 72 are connected in series 108.

switched. The downward movement of the drive-In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5, the rod 82 is actuated not only the piston, but Switch pillars 64 are designed in the same way as the switch pillars, via the two angle levers 87 and 89, also the employee pillars 64 according to FIG. 3. In contrast to this, the intermediate links 90, which are shown with the interruption figure however, they extend downward. Connected by devices 80. This will make the a line 73 they are electrically connected. The moving contact pieces 86 from the fixed ones Line 73 must be insulated from the supporting structure, 20 contact pieces 108 in the one made of insulating material

because it carries high voltage potential. At the outer ends of the bushings 18 are the Conductors 74, 75 connected. The arrangement according to FIG. 5 has the advantage that the contact pieces are lighter

Nozzle arrangements 82 a separately.

The gas flow indicated by the arrows 109 results in a rapid extinction of the in. The nozzles 82 α drawn arc, as a result of which the circuit

are accessible because the housing will break after loosening the 25.

Screw connections removed downwards If required, current transformers 110 can be used

which surround the capacitor winding 111 of the feed-through bolts 112.

In summary it can be said that the

can be.

Fig. 6 shows another mounting arrangement at

the switch columns 77 as well as in FIG. 3

5 and 5, but with a common 3 ° new circuit breaker 115 of FIGS. 7 and 8 two Intermediate housing 78 are provided. The intermediate interrupting devices 80, which as

Bushing switches are formed. The ends of the two interruption devices are combined on the common intermediate housing 85.

supply members outside of the cross member 65 are used.

FIGS. 7 and 8 together show another one

housing 78 provides additional stiffening of the
Arrangement. Again a can. made of tubes cross member 65 are used, the one
The rotary shaft surrounds, as in the arrangements according to FIG. 35. Both switch columns are operated via intermediate links, FIGS

Interruptions, but also an extinguishing agent generated by the piston to the UnterfarechungssteUen result from nozzle openings 82 a,

Arrangement which is essentially similar to that of FIG. 40 to extinguish the arcs quickly. The switch columns 80, however, have the same position as in the arrangement according to FIG. 6

of the actuating rods arranged in the interior, as also in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 z. B. the rods 38 according to FIG. 1, only a single one and 8 the strength and stability of the whole arrangement piston81. The piston 81 is covered by an insulation 115 through the connection of the ends of the formwork rod 82 actuated, which extends down into a 45 tersäulen 60 to a common intermediate housing weatherproof housing 83 extends. Since the switch 85 improved.

pillars 80 no internally arranged actuation- From the above description of the invention

need rods, as the rods 38 of FIG. 1, it follows that a new circuit breaker is created They can be designed with a small diameter that easily adapts to the various voltages as shown in FIG. 8. The nozzle assemblies 50 and ratings can be customized; z. B. 82 a can in this case with the common for can the number of interruption devices 2, 3 The intermediate housing 85 provided for the piston differs from FIG. 1 by the requirements placed on the switch be bound. The movable holding pieces 86 will be determined. For the interruption devices actuated by angle levers 87, which at 88 on two at the ends of a composite switch column fixed bearings 89 are rotatably mounted. Preferably only 55 minor changes are required. Prakist a connection 90 at 92 with one arm table agree all parts of the interruption device Angle lever 87 attached. The top of the lines match. You can therefore use a flow connection 90 intervenes at 93 on the pen-shaped tape production is cheap, movable contact piece 86. As shown, the circuit breaker 1

the other arm of bell crank 87 at 95 to 60 can be easily checked and serviced. For example hingedly connected to a link 96. This is in the event that a review of the

inner end of the connecting link 96 is attached at 97 aa to a second angle lever 93, which is at 99 is stored.

Most interruption device 2 of FIG. 1 is desired, only necessary to the cap 62 to remove. Then you can through the support ring 63

The insulating rod 82 can be looked back and forth and the device 2 checked. The absurd. It has an actuating pin 100, which screws the contact rod 7 from the annular engages slots in the lower arms 102 of the second bell crank 98 to rotate them. Furthermore, ~

Carrier 63 on the upper part of the assembly allows the removal and inspection of the lower fixed

standing contact piece 8. In addition, the state of the upper nozzle 39 and the upper movable Switching piece 9 are controlled.

However, should an intermediate interruption device, e.g. B. the lower device 3 of Fig. 1 are checked, it is only necessary to open the doors 118 which close the flanged openings 119 of the cylindrical part 54 of the intermediate housings.

As can be seen, two such doors 118 are provided on opposite sides of the cylindrical housing 54. The interruption devices can be monitored through these openings.

If a more detailed examination is desired, then one can reach through the openings 119 and loosen the coupling point 42. After the bolts 120 have been removed, the entire arrangement with the plate 35 can be lifted off. This expansion can be carried out in the same way on any other housing 53 if a plurality of such housings are present in a switch with multiple interruptions.

By loosening the bolts 37 in the drive housing 23, the cylinder 13 of the lower unit 3 can be released pulled out from the switch.

The doors 118 are large enough to allow the contact rods 7 to be removed. In order to also dismantle the cylinders 13, the overlying interruption devices can be removed in the manner described above, after the coupling bolts 42 have been removed from a lower-lying door 118 . Thereafter, the cylinder 13 can be extracted through the annular plates 55 of the corresponding housing 53.

The essentially longitudinal switch column can therefore be subdivided at each intermediate housing 53 will. Then the adjoining interruption devices can be checked. If If necessary, worn parts can be replaced.

A number of possible arrangements have also been indicated in which such switch posts provided with a bushing are used. Such switch pillars, the z. B. SF ₆ or other good extinguishing agents, can be put together to a whole range of switches for both large and small voltages and power ratings.

The advantages that result from the use of current transformers and from relatively small Gas volumes are obvious; z. B. could the arrangements of Figs. 3 and 4 for switching of 230 and 345 kV can be used. As shown, can be connected to the supporting structure Cross member for receiving or supporting the outgoing from a common drive Actuating shaft serve.

As mentioned, with low requirements, half the number of switching pillars is sufficient, an arrangement similar to that of FIG. 9 can be selected. This only has a single switch column. The arrangement according to FIGS. 6 and 7 with mutually inclined switch columns offers a special mechanical strength.

From the above description of the invention it can be seen that the described arrangements are a contiguous series of switches for both high and low voltages and powers result, with only the number of components and the size of the implementation is changed. For Overlapping differential protection is provided for high power switches. In all cases they are Current transformer is part of the switch as in oil switches with an earthed oil container.

When using a very effective extinguishing agent such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF ₆ ), as has been shown in the test field and on switches on the market, the pump device known per se, as used in the interruption devices 2 and 3 of FIG becomes very effective. Sulfur hexafluoride is blown through the nozzle arrangement by the pump device, so that the arc is extinguished quickly. As a result, very high rated voltages and power ratings are achieved when a number of such pumping devices are used in series _{with an arc extinguishing agent such as SF 6.}

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1.Electric switch with several interruption points connected in series in a closed housing, which _{is filled with an electronegative gas, preferably sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6} ) and / or selenium hexafluoride (SeF ₆ ), which is pressed against the switch-off arc when switched off through a nozzle , the switch being constructed from the same interruption devices used as components, characterized in that the components are connected via intermediate housings and that the intermediate housings are provided with openings which allow the interruption devices to be installed and serviced. 2. Electrical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the interruption devices in a manner known per se to two mutually inclined columns are composed, and the mutually facing ends of both Columns are connected by an intermediate housing common to both columns. 3. Electrical switch according to claim 2, characterized in that in the common Intermediate housing a common pumping device for the Unterbredhungseinrichtungen of two pillars is provided. Considered publications:
German Patent No. 580 699;
Swiss patents No. 239 829,
241758, 243 707, 243 709. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings © 209 628/212 7.62