DE1130171B - Process for the preparation of a catalyst for the polymerization of olefins - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of a catalyst for the polymerization of olefinsInfo
- Publication number
- DE1130171B DE1130171B DER17355A DER0017355A DE1130171B DE 1130171 B DE1130171 B DE 1130171B DE R17355 A DER17355 A DE R17355A DE R0017355 A DER0017355 A DE R0017355A DE 1130171 B DE1130171 B DE 1130171B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- polymerization
- lead
- temperature
- catalyst
- aluminum chloride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/122—Metal aryl or alkyl compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/14—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron
- B01J31/143—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron of aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C2/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
- C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
- C07C2/26—Catalytic processes with hydrides or organic compounds
- C07C2/30—Catalytic processes with hydrides or organic compounds containing metal-to-carbon bond; Metal hydrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/10—Polymerisation reactions involving at least dual use catalysts, e.g. for both oligomerisation and polymerisation
- B01J2231/12—Olefin polymerisation or copolymerisation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/08—Halides
- B01J27/10—Chlorides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/125—Halogens; Compounds thereof with scandium, yttrium, aluminium, gallium, indium or thallium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/125—Compounds comprising a halogen and scandium, yttrium, aluminium, gallium, indium or thallium
- C07C2527/126—Aluminium chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2531/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- C07C2531/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- C07C2531/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2531/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- C07C2531/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups C07C2531/02 - C07C2531/24
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Katalysators zur Polymerisation von Olefinen Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Katalysators zur Polymerisation von Olefinen zu niedermolekularen Polymerisaten unter Verwendung von Umsetzungsprodukten von Aluminiumchlorid mit Bleitetraalkylen. Process for the preparation of a catalyst for the polymerization of Olefins The present invention relates to a process for producing a Catalyst for the polymerization of olefins to form low molecular weight polymers using reaction products of aluminum chloride with tetraalkylene lead.
Die Verwendung von Lithiumaluminiumhydrid, Aluminiumtriäthylätherat und ähnlichen Stoffen als Polymerisationskatalysatoren ist bekannt. Aluminiumtriäthyl und ähnliche Katalysatoren sind zur Herstellung von hochmolekularen Olefinpolymerisaten gut geeignet. Diese Katalysatoren sind jedoch zur Herstellung von niedermolekularen Polymerisaten, wie von Äthylen-oder Propylendimeren und-trimeren, schlecht geeignet, weil die Polymerisation sehr langsam verläuft, Dimere und Trimere in schlechten Ausbeuten erhalten werden und bei dem Polymerisationsverfahren sehr hohe Drücke verwendet werden müssen. Obwohl die Dimerisation von Propylen durch Aluminiumtriäthyl oder Aluminiumtrimethyl bei 180 bis 200°C und bei einem Druck von 40 bis 180 oder mehr Atmosphären katalysiert wird, werden bei einer außergewöhnlich geringen Umsetzungsgeschwindigkeit nur schlechte Ausbeuten erhalten. The use of lithium aluminum hydride, aluminum triethyl etherate and the like are known as polymerization catalysts. Aluminum triethyl and similar catalysts are for the production of high molecular weight olefin polymers well suited. However, these catalysts are used to produce low molecular weight Polymers, such as those of ethylene or propylene dimers and trimer, poorly suited, because the polymerization is very slow, dimers and trimers in bad Yields can be obtained and very high pressures in the polymerization process must be used. Although the dimerization of propylene by aluminum triethyl or aluminum trimethyl at 180 to 200 ° C and at a pressure of 40 to 180 or more atmospheres will be catalyzed at an exceptionally slow rate of conversion only get poor yields.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß die aktivierten Aluminiumalkyle, die nach dem Verfahren der Erfindung durch Umsetzen eines Bleitetraalkyls mit Aluminiumchlorid und Abdestillieren des Reaktionsproduktes hergestellt werden, wirksamer als die früher beschriebenen Aluminiumverbindungen sind und zu einer höheren Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit führen. It has now been found that the activated aluminum alkyls after the process of the invention by reacting a tetraalkyl lead with aluminum chloride and distilling off the reaction product, more efficiently than that aluminum compounds described earlier and result in a higher rate of polymerization to lead.
Das Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Katalysators zur Polymerisation von Olefinen zu niedermolekularen Polymerisaten besteht nach der Erfindung darin, daß man ein Bleitetraalkyl und Aluminiumchlorid, wobei letzteres im molaren Überschuß gegenüber Bleitetraalkyl zur Anwendung kommt, unter wasserfreien Bedingungen und in einer inerten Atmosphäre auf 80 bis 90°C erhitzt, anschließend die Temperatur auf 145 bis 170°C steigert und aus dem Reaktionsgemisch den bei Atmosphärendruck zwischen 190 und 205°C siedenden Anteil durch Destillation abtrennt. The process for producing a catalyst for polymerization of olefins to low molecular weight polymers consists according to the invention in that one has a tetraalkyl lead and aluminum chloride, the latter in a molar excess against lead tetraalkyl is used under anhydrous conditions and heated in an inert atmosphere to 80 to 90 ° C, then the temperature increases to 145 to 170 ° C and from the reaction mixture at atmospheric pressure separating between 190 and 205 ° C boiling portion by distillation.
Insbesondere werden bei dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren unter Rühren und Einhaltung einer Temperatur von weniger als 50°C Bleitetraäthyl und Aluminiumchlorid in einer inerten Atmosphäre und unter wasserfreien Bedingungen im Verhältnis von 1,1 bis 1,6 Mol Aluminiumchlorid auf je 1 Mol Bleitetraäthyl vermischt, worauf die Mischung 1/4 bis zu 2 Stunden auf 80 bis 90° C erhitzt, anschließend die Temperatur '/, bis 3 Stunden auf 145 bis 170°C gesteigert und das Reaktionsprodukt bei einem Druck von weniger als 20 mm Hg abdestilliert wird. In particular, in the proposed method, with stirring and maintaining a temperature of less than 50 ° C tetraethyl lead and aluminum chloride in an inert atmosphere and under anhydrous conditions in the ratio of 1.1 to 1.6 moles of aluminum chloride mixed with 1 mole of tetraethyl lead, whereupon the The mixture is heated to 80 to 90 ° C for up to 2 hours for 1/4, then the temperature '/, increased to 3 hours to 145 to 170 ° C and the reaction product at a Pressure less than 20 mm Hg is distilled off.
Beim Erhitzen auf die oben angegebene Temperatur wird das Bleitetraäthyl vollständig zersetzt. Die für diese Umsetzung benötigte Zeit ist im allgemeinen der Temperatur umgekehrt proportional. Die Destillation kann auch bei Atmosphärendruck durchgeführt werden, jedoch erfolgt die Destillation vorzugsweise unter verringerten Drücken zwischen etwa 20 mm und 0,2 mm Hg. Das Destillat ist ein ungewöhnlich reaktionsfähiger Katalysator für die Polymerisation von Olefinen zu niedermolekularen Polymerisaten. When heated to the temperature indicated above, the tetraethyl lead becomes completely decomposed. The time required for this conversion is generally inversely proportional to the temperature. The distillation can also be carried out at atmospheric pressure be carried out, however, the distillation is preferably carried out under reduced Pressures between about 20 mm and 0.2 mm Hg. The distillate is an unusually reactive one Catalyst for the polymerization of olefins to form low molecular weight polymers.
Das ursprüngliche Destillat kann gegebenenfalls nochmals fraktioniert destilliert werden, um dadurch katalytisch wirksamere Fraktionen zu erhalten.The original distillate can optionally be fractionated again are distilled to thereby obtain more catalytically effective fractions.
Bei Atmosphärendruck beträgt die Destillationstemperatur 190 bis 205°C. Bei einem Druck von 20 mm Hg liegen die Destillationstemperaturen zwischen 95 und 100°C, während sie bei einem Druck von 10 mm Hg auf 85 bis 100°C fallen. Bei noch geringeren Drücken liegen die Destillationstemperaturen selbstverständlich noch niedriger. At atmospheric pressure, the distillation temperature is 190 to 205 ° C. At a pressure of 20 mm Hg, the distillation temperatures are between 95 and 100 ° C, while at a pressure of 10 mm Hg they drop to 85 to 100 ° C. At even lower pressures, the distillation temperatures are of course even lower.
Das erhaltene Produkt ist ein aktiviertes Aluminiumäthyl, das noch etwas Blei und Chlor in gebundener Form enthält. DieMengen liegen zwischen 0,02 und 5 °/o im Rohdestillat und zwischen 0,01 und 2°/o in den einzelnen Fraktionen. Im Destillat ist kein freies Bleitetraäthyl vorhanden. Die erhaltenen Destillate entzünden sich an der Luft spontan. Sie wirken als Polymensationskatalysatoren uhd ergeben Trimere und Dimere olefinischer Kohlenwasserstoffe und unterscheiden sich in dieser Beziehung von den üblichen Aluminiumalkylen. The product obtained is an activated aluminum ethyl, which is still contains some lead and chlorine in bound form. The amounts are between 0.02 and 5 ° / o in the crude distillate and between 0.01 and 2 ° / o in the individual fractions. There is no free tetraethyl lead in the distillate. The distillates obtained ignite spontaneously in air. They act as Polymerization catalysts uhd give trimers and dimers of olefinic hydrocarbons and differentiate differs in this respect from the usual aluminum alkyls.
Die Herstellung des erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Polymerisationskatalysators wird im folgenden Beispiel beschrieben. The preparation of the polymerization catalyst proposed according to the invention is described in the following example.
Beispiel Ein Reaktionskolben, der mit trockenem Stickstoff gefüllt war, wurde mit 161, 6 Gewichtsteilen Bleitetraäthyl beschickt, worauf unter Rühren 86 Gewichtsteile Aluminiumchlorid allmählich zugegeben wurden. Example A reaction flask filled with dry nitrogen was, was charged with 161.6 parts by weight of tetraethyl lead, whereupon with stirring 86 parts by weight of aluminum chloride were gradually added.
Der Kolben wurde in einem Eisbad gekühlt, so daß während der Zugabe die Temperatur des Gemisches geregelt und bei etwa 0°C gehalten wurde. Das Reaktionsgemisch wurde 1/2 Stunde auf 85°C, dann 1 Stunde auf 150°C-und schließlich V2 Stunde auf 165 bis 170°C erhitzt. Nach dem Abkühlen wurde das Gemisch unter verringertem Druck destilliert. Die Hauptfraktion wurde bei 43 bis 90° C/0, 3 mm Hg aufgefangen. Das Destillat von etwa 67 Gewichtsteilen wurde unter trockenem Stickstoff gehalten.The flask was cooled in an ice bath so that during the addition the temperature of the mixture was controlled and maintained at about 0 ° C. The reaction mixture was 1/2 hour at 85 ° C, then 1 hour at 150 ° C - and finally V2 hour Heated between 165 and 170 ° C. After cooling, the mixture became under reduced pressure distilled. The main fraction was collected at 43 to 90 ° C / 0.3 mm Hg. That Distillate of about 67 parts by weight was kept under dry nitrogen.
Das erhaltene Destillat kann auch unter Stickstoff in eine Kolonne mit Kurzwegfraktioniersäule gebracht und dort unter verringertem Druck wie folgt destilliert werden : Bei 46 bis 48°C/0, 6 bis 0,7 mm Hg 10 Teile ; bei 48 bis 51°C/0, 7mmHg 32,5 Teile ; bei 51 bis 53°C/0, 75-bis 0,80 mm Hg 15 Teile ; bei 53 bis 54°C/0, 8 mm Hg 3,0 Teile ; Rest 3,0 Teile. Die erhaltenen Fraktionen waren sehr wirksame Katalysatoren zur Polymerisation von Äthylen, Propylen, 1-Dodecen und anderen Olefinen. Die zweite Fraktion war am wirksamsten. Der Katalysator konnte bei weiteren Polymerisationsreaktionen von Olefinen wiederverwendet werden, wobei nur eine geringe Minderung der Wirksamkeit festzustellen war. The distillate obtained can also be placed in a column under nitrogen brought with Kurzwegfraktionieräule and there under reduced pressure as follows are distilled: At 46 to 48 ° C / 0.6 to 0.7 mm Hg 10 parts; at 48 to 51 ° C / 0, 7mmHg 32.5 parts; at 51 to 53 ° C / 0.75 to 0.80 mm Hg 15 parts; at 53 to 54 ° C / 0, 8 mm Hg 3.0 parts; The remainder 3.0 parts. The fractions obtained were very effective Catalysts for the polymerization of ethylene, propylene, 1-dodecene and other olefins. The second faction was the most effective. The catalyst was able to carry out further polymerization reactions of olefins can be reused, with only a slight reduction in effectiveness was to be determined.
In den folgenden Tabellen sind die bei der Polymerisation von Äthylen und Propylen mit dem vorgeschlagenen Katalysator erhaltenen Ergebnisse und die dabei verwendeten Reaktionsbedingungen angegeben. In the following tables are those in the polymerization of ethylene and propylene obtained with the proposed catalyst and the results thereby indicated reaction conditions used.
Zum Vergleich sind auch die Ergebnisse angegeben worden, die bei der Verwendung von herkömmlichen Polymerisationskatalysatoren, und zwar von Lithiumaluminiumhydrid und Aluminiumtriäthylätherat, erhalten worden sind.For comparison, the results have also been given Use of conventional polymerization catalysts, namely lithium aluminum hydride and aluminum triethyl etherate.
Tabelle 1
Obwohl oben der Einfachheit halber das handelsübliche Bleitetraäthyl verwendet worden ist, können auch andere Bleitetraalkyle in ähnlicher Weise unter Erzielung entsprechender Aluminiumalkyle guter katalytischer Wirksamkeit verwendet werden. Although above, for the sake of simplicity, the commercially available tetraethyl lead has been used, other lead tetraalkyls can be used in a similar manner Used to achieve corresponding aluminum alkyls with good catalytic effectiveness will.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US1130171XA | 1954-09-03 | 1954-09-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE1130171B true DE1130171B (en) | 1962-05-24 |
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ID=22347137
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DER17355A Pending DE1130171B (en) | 1954-09-03 | 1955-09-01 | Process for the preparation of a catalyst for the polymerization of olefins |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB682420A (en) * | 1949-06-10 | 1952-11-12 | Du Pont | Improvements in or relating to the polymerisation of ethylene |
DE874215C (en) * | 1943-12-18 | 1953-04-20 | Basf Ag | Process for the production of solid polymers from ethylene or ethylene-rich gases |
DE878560C (en) * | 1950-06-22 | 1953-06-05 | Karl Dr Ziegler | Process for the polymerization and interpolymerization of olefins |
DE906268C (en) * | 1937-10-02 | 1954-03-11 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Process for the production of high molecular weight polymerisation products from isoolefins |
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1955
- 1955-09-01 DE DER17355A patent/DE1130171B/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE906268C (en) * | 1937-10-02 | 1954-03-11 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Process for the production of high molecular weight polymerisation products from isoolefins |
DE874215C (en) * | 1943-12-18 | 1953-04-20 | Basf Ag | Process for the production of solid polymers from ethylene or ethylene-rich gases |
GB682420A (en) * | 1949-06-10 | 1952-11-12 | Du Pont | Improvements in or relating to the polymerisation of ethylene |
DE878560C (en) * | 1950-06-22 | 1953-06-05 | Karl Dr Ziegler | Process for the polymerization and interpolymerization of olefins |
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