DE112015004501T5 - LED tube lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

An LED tube lamp includes a tube (1), an LED light bar (2) disposed in the tube (1) and an end cap (3) mounted over one end of the tube (1). There is provided a power supply with a rigid board (253) in the end cap (3); at least one light source (202) is mounted on the LED light bar (2) and electrically connected to the power supply via the LED light bar (2) and the rigid circuit board (253). The LED light bar (2) has a flexible circuit path (251) that is longer than the rigid circuit board (253), and the flexible circuit path (251) and the rigid circuit board (253) are adhesive to form an assembly (25) connected with each other.

Description

Cross-reference to related applications

The present application claims the priority of the Chinese patent applications CN 20141507660.9 , registered on 28.9.2014, CN 201410508899.8 , registered on 28.9.2014, CN 201410623355.6 , registered on 6.11.2014, CN 201410734425.5 , registered on 5.12.2014, CN 201510075925.7 , filed on 12.2.2015, CN 201510136796.8 , filed on 27.3.2015, CN 201510372375.5 , registered on 26.6.2015, CN 201510259151.3 , registered on 19.5.2015, CN 201510338027.6 , filed on 17.6.2015, CN 201510373492.3 , submitted on 26.6.2015, CN 201510482944.1 , filed on 7.8.2015, CN 201510483475.5 , filed on 8.8.2015, and CN 201510555543.4 , filed on Sep. 2, 2015, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Technical area

The present disclosure relates to lighting devices, and more particularly to an LED tube lamp and its components, including the light sources, electronic components and end caps.

Background of the invention

LED lighting technology is rapidly becoming a replacement for traditional incandescent and fluorescent lamps. LED tube lamps are mercury-free compared to fluorescent tubes that need to be filled with inert gas and mercury. Therefore, it is not surprising that LED tube lamps are a highly coveted lighting option among the various lighting systems available in homes and workplaces, which have traditionally been dominated by traditional lighting options such as compact fluorescent (CFL) and fluorescent tube lamps. Advantages of LED tube lamps include improved durability and longevity and significantly lower energy consumption; therefore, considering all factors, they are usually considered to be a low-cost lighting option.

Typical LED tube lamps include a lamp tube, a board mounted in the lamp tube with board mounted light sources, and end caps associated with a power supply provided at two ends of the lamp tube, the power being supplied from the power supply through the board is transmitted to the light sources. However, existing LED tube lamps have certain disadvantages.

First, the typical circuit board is rigid and allows the entire lamp tube to maintain a straight tubular shape when the lamp tube is partially cracked or broken, and this gives the user the false impression that the LED tube lamp is still usable and the user suffers electric shock when handling or installing the LED tube lamp.

Second, the rigid board is typically electrically connected to the end caps by wire bonding, which can be easily damaged or even destroyed by movement during manufacture, transportation and use of the LED tube lamp, rendering the LED tube lamp unusable.

Third, the lamp tube and end caps are often bonded together using hot melt adhesive or silicone glue, and it is difficult to prevent accumulation of excess (overflowing) glue residue. This can lead to light shading as well as to an unsightly appearance. In addition, significant labor is required to remove the accumulated adhesive surplus, creating further production bottlenecks and inefficiencies. Furthermore, poor heat dissipation of the power supply components in the end caps can lead to a high temperature, and therefore the life of the hot melt adhesive is reduced while adversely affecting the adhesion between the lamp tube and the end caps, thereby reducing the reliability of the LED tube lamp.

Fourth, the typical lamp tube is a long cylinder onto which the end caps are attached by means of adhesive at the ends, the end caps each having a larger diameter than the lamp tube. In this way, a packaging box - which is also usually cylindrical - only in contact with the end caps, so that only the end caps are supported and the connecting part between the end caps and the lamp tube can break, as disclosed in an LED tube lamp, the in US Patent Publication with Publication No. US2014226330 and CN patent publication with publication number CN102518972 is described. To solve this problem, the US patent publication US20100103673 an end cap which is sealed in a lamp tube made of glass. However, this type of lamp tube is exposed to internal stresses at its ends and can easily break when the ends are subjected to external forces, which can lead to product defects and quality problems.

Fifth, the conventional LED tube lamp often has a grainy visual appearance. The LED chips arranged spatially on the board located in the lamp tube are regarded as spot light sources and the light emitted by these LED chips generally does not contribute to uniform illumination by the LED tube lamp without suitable optical manipulation. As a result, the entire tube lamp provides a grainy or non-uniform lighting effect to a viewer of the LED tube lamp, thereby compromising visual comfort and diminishing the lighting angle of the lights. As a result, the requirements of the average customer on quality and aesthetics are not met. To solve this problem, the Chinese patent application discloses CN201320748271.6 a diffusion tube arranged in a glass tube of glass to avoid grainy visual effects.

However, the provision of the diffusion tube provides an interface in the light transmission path, thereby increasing the likelihood of total reflection and thus reducing light output efficiency. In addition, the optical rotatory absorption of the diffusion tube reduces the light output efficiency.

Therefore, to avoid the above problems, the presently disclosed invention and embodiments thereof are provided.

Overview of the invention

It should be particularly understood that the present disclosure may include one or more inventions that are claimed or not claimed, and to avoid ambiguity by unnecessarily distinguishing between these potential inventions in the preparation of the description several inventions collectively referred to as "the (present) invention".

Various embodiments are summarized in this section and described with respect to the "present invention", which terminology is used to describe certain currently disclosed embodiments, whether claimed or not, and are not necessarily a detailed description of all possible embodiments, but rather an overview of certain embodiments. Some of the embodiments described below as different aspects of the "present invention" may be combined in different ways to form a LED tube lamp or a part thereof.

The present invention provides a novel LED tube lamp and aspects thereof.

The present invention provides an LED tube lamp having a lamp tube and a set of end caps attached to the ends of the lamp tube, the end caps each having an electrically insulating tube and a thermally conductive member fixedly attached to an outer peripheral surface of the electrically insulating tube which adheres to an outer surface of the lamp tube by means of adhesive.

The present invention further provides an LED tube lamp having a lamp tube and two different sized end caps, each attached to two ends of the lamp tube. In some embodiments, the size of one end cap may be from 30% to 80% of the size of the other end cap.

The disclosed lamp tube may include a main body portion and two rear end portions respectively disposed at two ends of the main body portion, each rear end portion having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the main body portion such that the rear end portions are respectively inserted into two end caps having the same outer diameter as the main body portion. In some embodiments, the difference between the outer diameter of the rear end portions and the outer diameter of the main end portion is about 1 mm to about 10 mm. Most preferably, the difference between the outer diameter of the rear end portions and the outer diameter of the main end portion may be between about 2 mm and about 7 mm.

The lamp tube may further include a transition region connecting the main body portion and the rear end portion. The transition region may be arcuate at both ends, and an outer surface of the transition region near the main body region is stretched while an inner surface of the transition region is compressed near the main body region, and the outer surface of the transition region near the rear end region is compressed while the inner surface of the transition region is close to the outer region the rear end area is stretched. The normal vector of the arcuate surface at the end of the transition region near the main body portion is directed outside the lamp tube, and the normal vector of the arcuate surface at the end of the transition region near the rear end portion is directed inside the lamp tube.

The radius of curvature R1 of the arcuate surface at the end of the transition region near the main body region may be smaller than the radius of curvature R2 of the arcuate surface at the end of the transition region near the back end region. The ratio of R1 to R2 may be, for example, between about 1: 1.5 and about 1:10.

In addition, in some embodiments, there is no gap between the main body portion of the lamp tube and the end cap.

The arc angle of the arcuate surface at the end of the transition region near the main body region and the arc angle of the arcuate surface at the end of the transition region near the back end region may be greater than 90 degrees. The outer surface of the rear end portion, in some embodiments, is a continuous surface that is parallel to an outer surface of the main body portion.

In some embodiments, the transition region has a length of about 1 mm to about 4 mm.

The lamp tube can be made of glass or plastic.

The electrically insulating tube may include a first tubular member and a second tubular member interconnected in the axial direction of the length direction of the lamp tube, wherein an outer diameter of the second tubular member is smaller than an outer diameter of the first tubular member. In some embodiments, the outer diameter difference between the first tubular member and the second tubular member is between about 0.15 mm and about 0.30 mm.

The second tubular member may be inserted into the thermally conductive member, and in this way, an outer surface of the thermally conductive member and an outer peripheral surface of the first tubular member may be substantially flush with each other.

The lamp tube may be partially mated with the second tubular member and attached to the thermally conductive member using an adhesive such as hot melt adhesive.

In certain embodiments, the end of the second tubular member remote from the first tubular member is provided with one or more notches spaced in the circumferential direction of the second tubular member.

The ratio of the length of the thermally conductive element along the axial or length direction of the end cap with respect to the axial length of the electrically insulating tube may be between about 1: 2.5 and about 1: 5.

In some embodiments, the length of the portion of the lamp tube inserted into the end cap is about one third to two thirds of the total length of the heat conductive member in the axial or longitudinal direction thereof.

In some embodiments, the thermally conductive element may be a metal ring.

In some embodiments, the thermally conductive element is tubular.

In some embodiments, the electrically insulating tube is a plastic tube.

The present invention provides a method of adhesively attaching an end cap to a tube to form a tube lamp. The method comprises the steps of: applying a hot melt adhesive to the inner surface of the end cap; Placing the end cap on one end of the tube; Heating the hot melt adhesive by an external heater to expand the hot melt adhesive so that the hot melt adhesive flows into a space between the inner surface of the end cap and the outer surface of the end of the tube.

The present invention provides an LED tube lamp having a lamp tube and a set of end caps attached to the ends of the lamp tube, the end caps each having an electrically insulating tube and a thermally conductive member fixedly disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the electrically insulating tube, and wherein the electrically insulating tube has a first tubular part and a second tubular part connected in the axial or longitudinal direction of the electrically insulating tube. In addition, the inner surface of the second tubular member, the inner surface of the thermally conductive member, the outer surface of the rear end portion, and the outer surface of the transition portion together may form a receiving space.

The receiving space may be provided with the hot melt adhesive. In some embodiments, the receiving space is partially provided with the hot melt adhesive. In some embodiments, the space between the inner surface of the second tubular member and the Exterior surface of the rear end portion provided with a part of the hot melt adhesive.

The hot melt adhesive may be filled at a location in the receiving space where a first hypothetical plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the lamp tube would pass through the thermally conductive element, the hot melt adhesive, and the outer surface of the lamp tube.

The hot melt adhesive may be filled at a location in the receiving space where a second hypothetical plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the lamp tube would pass through the thermally conductive member, the second tubular member, the hot melt adhesive, and the rear end portion.

The hot melt adhesive may be filled at a location in the receiving space where a third hypothetical plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the lamp tube would pass through the thermally conductive element, the hot melt adhesive, and the outer surface of the lamp tube. However, the hot melt adhesive may be filled at a location in the receiving space where a second hypothetical plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the lamp tube would pass through the thermally conductive member, the second tubular member, the hot melt adhesive, and the rear end portion.

The hot melt adhesive may contain one or more of the following: phenolic resin 2127 #, shellac, rosin, calcium carbonate powder, zinc oxide and ethanol; and the volume of the hot melt adhesive may expand to 1.3 times the original size when heated from room temperature (for example, between about 15 and 30 degrees Celsius) to 200 to 250 degrees Celsius.

The present invention provides an LED tube lamp having a lamp tube and an end cap attached to one end of the lamp tube, the end cap having an electrically insulating tube for attachment to the end of the lamp tube, and a magnetic metal member on an inner peripheral surface of the electrically insulating tube is arranged, that at least a part of the magnetic metal element between the inner peripheral surface of the electrically insulating tube and the end of the lamp tube is arranged. In some embodiments, the magnetic metal member has a larger outer diameter than the rear end portion of the lamp tube.

The magnetic metal member and the end of the lamp tube may be adhesively bonded together by a material such as hot melt adhesive.

Alternatively, the magnetic metal member may be completely disposed in the electrically insulating tube, and the entire inner surface of the magnetic member is covered with the hot melt adhesive.

The electrically insulating tube may further be formed with an inwardly extending support portion on the inner surface of the electrically insulating tube, and the magnetic metal member may be axially abutted against the upper edge of the support portion. In some embodiments, the thickness of the support region in the radial direction of the electrically insulating tube is between 1 mm and 2 mm.

The electrically insulating tube may further be formed with an inwardly projecting portion on the inner surface of the electrically insulating tube, and the magnetic metal member may radially abut the side edge of the protruding portion, and the outer surface of the magnetic metal member and the inner surface of the electrically insulating tube may be spaced apart leaving a gap. The thickness of the protruding portion in the radial direction of the electrically insulating tube may be smaller than the thickness of the supporting portion in the radial direction of the electrically insulating tube. In some embodiments, the thickness of the protruding area is between about 0.2 mm and about 1 mm.

The projecting portion may be arranged along the circumferential direction of the electrically insulating tube with a circular formation. Alternatively, the projecting portion may be formed as a plurality of projections disposed on the inner surface of the electrically insulating tube. The protrusions may be arranged equidistantly along the inner circumferential surface of the electrically insulating tube. The protrusions may also be arranged non-equidistantly along the inner circumferential surface of the electrically insulating tube.

The present invention provides an end cap for use with an LED tube lamp, wherein the end cap comprises an electrically insulating tube for fitting to an end of a tube of the LED tube lamp, a magnetic metal member mounted on the inner surface of the electrically insulating tube, and an inner surface of the LED comprising hot melt adhesive covering magnetic metal element.

The hot melt adhesive may completely cover the inner surface of the magnetic metal member.

The magnetic metal element may be annular.

The magnetic metal element may have openings in the surface. In some embodiments, the openings occupy about 10% to about 50% of the surface area of the magnetic metal element. In some embodiments, the openings are multiple and equidistantly or non-equidistantly spaced circumferentially.

The magnetic metal element may have depressions or embossments in the surface facing the electrically insulating tube. For example, in one embodiment, the embossment is upstanding from the inner surface of the magnetic metal member while the depression is impressed below the inner surface of the magnetic metal member.

The magnetic metal element may be tubular and arranged coaxially with the electrically insulating tube.

The magnetic metal element may be annular or non-annular, such as elliptical.

The hot melt adhesive may have a predetermined proportion of highly permeable powders evenly distributed, and the powders are charged by receiving electricity from an external heater and heat the adhesive so that it expands and flows, eventually solidifying upon cooling. The goal of attaching the end cap and the lamp tube by means of the hot melt adhesive is therefore achieved.

The present invention therefore provides a hot melt adhesive for use with an LED tube lamp, which hot melt adhesive may contain one or more of the following: phenolic resin 2127 #, shellac, rosin, calcium carbonate powder, zinc oxide, ethanol, and high permeability powders; wherein the volume ratio of the high permeability powders to the calcite powders is about 1: 3-1: 1, and the volume of the hot melt adhesive may expand to 1.3 times the original size when stored at room temperature (e.g., between about 15 and 30 degrees Celsius) is heated to 200 to 250 degrees Celsius.

In some embodiments, the permeability of the powders is between about 10 ² and about 10 ⁶ .

In some embodiments, the material of the powders is selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, cobalt, and alloys thereof.

In some embodiments, the weight percent of the powders with respect to the hot melt adhesive is about 10% to about 50%.

In some embodiments, the powders have an average particle size of 1 to 30 microns.

The powders of the hot melt adhesive can form a closed ring when the hot melt adhesive is in an electromagnetic field.

Each particle of the hot melt adhesive powder can be charged when the hot melt adhesive is in an electromagnetic field.

For example, the hot melt adhesive may flow at a temperature of about 200 to about 250 degrees Celsius.

The hot melt adhesive, upon cooling, may solidify from a temperature of about 200 to about 250 degrees Celsius.

The hot melt adhesive may solidify immediately when heated to a temperature of about 200 to about 250 degrees Celsius.

The external heater may be an induction coil connected to a power source to generate an electromagnetic field when supplied with electrical energy. The magnetic metal element is energized when it enters the electromagnetic field and is therefore heated to transfer the heat to the hot melt adhesive.

The power source for the external heater may be provided with a power amplifier unit to increase the alternating current to 1 to 2 times the original one.

In some embodiments, the induction coil is made of metal wires having a width of about 5 mm to about 6 mm, which are formed as a circular coil having a diameter of about 30 mm to about 35 mm.

In some embodiments, the material of the coil is red copper.

The magnetic metal element may be heated to a temperature between substantially about 250 and about 300 degrees Celsius, and in some embodiments, between 200 and about 250 degrees Celsius.

The induction coil may be fixed in position to allow the end cap to move or roll into the induction coil so that the hot melt adhesive is heated to expand and flow and subsequently solidify upon cooling when the end cap moves back away from the induction coil. Alternatively, the end cap may be fixed in position to allow the induction coil to move to enclose the end cap so that the hot melt adhesive is heated to expand and flow and then solidify upon cooling when the induction coil moves away from the end cap again.

The induction coil may be fixed in position to allow the end cap to move or roll into the induction coil so that the hot melt adhesive is heated to expand and flow and solidify immediately. Alternatively, the end cap may be fixed in position to allow the induction coil to move to enclose the end cap so that the hot melt adhesive is heated to expand and flow and solidify immediately.

The end cap and the end of the lamp tube were bonded together using the hot melt adhesive and therefore passed a torque test at about 1.5 to about 5 Newton-meters (Nt-m) and / or a bending test at about 5 to about 10 Newton-meters (Nt-m). ,

The end cap may be formed with openings for dissipating heat. In some embodiments, the openings are arcuate. For example, the openings may be provided in the form of three sheets of different sizes. In some embodiments, the openings are in the form of three sheets of gradually varying size.

The lamp tube may have a diffusion film for allowing the light emitted from the light sources of the LED tube lamp to successively pass through the diffusion film and the lamp tube surface.

The diffusion film may be in the form of a coating layer covering the inner or outer surface of the lamp tube. The diffusion film may be in the form of a coating layer covering the surface of the light sources in the lamp tube. In some embodiments, the diffusion film has a thickness of about 20 μm to about 30 μm. The diffusion film may be present as a web covering the light sources without touching the light sources.

In some embodiments, the diffusion film has a light transmission greater than about 85%. In some embodiments, the diffusion film has a transmittance of about 92% to about 94% at a thickness of about 200 μm to about 300 μm.

The lamp tube may include a reflective film disposed on a part of the inner circumferential surface of the lamp tube. In some embodiments, the ratio between the length of the reflective film disposed circumferentially of the lamp tube extending on the inner surface of the lamp tube and the circumferential length of the lamp tube is about 0.3 to 0.5.

The present invention provides an LED tube lamp comprising a lamp tube, an end cap disposed at one end of the lamp tube, a power supply provided in the end cap, an LED light bar disposed in the lamp tube with light sources mounted on the LED light bar, the LED lights. Light bar has a bendable circuit path to electrically connect the light sources and the power supply has.

The bendable circuit trace may be a conductive wiring layer, and the light sources are mounted on the conductive wiring layer to enable electrical connection between the light sources and the power supply via the conductive wiring layer.

The bendable circuit trace may further include a dielectric layer disposed on the conductive wiring layer. The dielectric layer may preferably be disposed on a surface of the conductive wiring layer opposite to the surface having the light sources. The dielectric layer may be attached to the inner surface of the lamp tube. In some embodiments, the ratio of the circumferential length of the bendable circuit trace to the circumferential length of the inner surface of the lamp tube is about 0.2 to 0.5.

The bendable circuit trace may further include a circuit protection layer.

The bendable circuit trace and the power supply may be connected by wire bonding.

The bendable circuit trace may be disposed on the reflective film.

The bendable circuit trace may be disposed on one side of the reflective film.

The bendable circuit trace may be arranged such that the reflective film is disposed on two sides of the bendable circuit trace and extends along the circumferential direction of the lamp tube.

The lamp tube may have an adhesive film on the inner surface or the outer surface thereof to insulate the interior and exterior of a damaged lamp tube.

The ends of the bendable circuit trace may extend through the transition region to reach and electrically connect to the power supply.

The bendable circuit trace may include a set of conductive wiring layers and a set of dielectric layers stacked on each other, and the light sources are disposed on the outermost conductive wiring layer through which electric power is supplied.

The bendable circuit trace may be disposed in the axial direction of the lamp tube and its ends may be separated from the inner surface of the lamp tube. The ends of the bendable circuit trace may extend beyond the two ends of the lamp tube to form each two free end portions, with the freely extending end portions rolled up, wound or deformed to fit into the lamp tube ,

The power supply may be formed as a single integrated unit (for example, with all the components of the power supply in a body) arranged in an end cap at one end of the lamp tube. Alternatively, the power supply may be in the form of two separate parts (for example with power supply components separated in two parts), each arranged in two end caps.

The end cap may have a socket for connection to a power supply.

The power supply may include a metal pin at one end while the end cap is provided with a hollow conductive pin for receiving the metal pin of the power supply.

The bendable circuit trace may be connected to the power supply by soldering.

The LED light bar may be connected to the power supply using a circuit board assembly having a long circuit path and a short circuit board adhesively bonded together, the short circuit board being adjacent to the side edge of the long circuit path. The short board is stiffer than the long circuit path to be able to support the power module. The long circuit path may be the bendable circuit path of the LED light bar.

The short board may have a length of substantially about 15 mm to about 40 mm, and may preferably be 19 mm to 36 mm long, while the long circuit path has a length of substantially about 800 mm to about 2800 mm, and preferably about 1200 mm can be up to about 2400 mm long. In some embodiments, the ratio of the short board to the length of the long circuit path is between about 1:20 and about 1: 200.

The short board is a hard board for supporting the power supply module.

The power supply module and the long circuit path may be disposed on the same side of the short board so that the power supply module is directly connected to the long circuit path. Alternatively, the power supply module or the long circuit path can be arranged on opposite sides of the short circuit board, so that the power supply module is connected directly to the short circuit board and further to the wiring layer of the long circuit path.

The power module may be connected vertically to the end of the short board.

The present invention provides an LED tube lamp with a light source having a lead frame provided with a recess in which an LED chip is arranged. The leadframe further includes first sidewalls and second sidewalls, wherein the height of the first sidewalls is less than the height of the second sidewalls.

The first side walls may each have an inner surface formed as an inclined plane have, which is directed to the outside of the recess. Further, the oblique plane may be planar or curved, and / or the angle included between the bottom surface of the recess and the inner surface may be substantially in the range of about 105 degrees to about 165 degrees, and in some possibly preferred embodiments from about 120 degrees to about 150 degrees.

Alternatively, the inclined plane may be curved.

In some embodiments, an LED tube lamp includes an LED light source and a lamp tube associated with the LED light source, the LED light source having a lead frame provided with a recess in which an LED chip is disposed; the leadframe has first sidewalls disposed in the length direction of the lamp tube and second sidewalls disposed in the widthwise direction of the lamp tube, wherein the height of the first sidewalls is less than the height of the second sidewalls. Alternatively, an LED tube lamp may include an LED light source and a lamp tube associated with the LED light source, the LED light source having a lead frame provided with a recess in which an LED chip is disposed; the lead frame has first sidewalls disposed in the width direction of the lamp tube and second sidewalls disposed in the length direction of the lamp tube, the height of the first sidewalls being smaller than the height of the second sidewalls.

The LED light source may be multiple, and in some embodiments, the plurality of LED light sources are arranged in only one row or a number of rows, with each row of light sources extending along the length direction of the lamp tube.

In addition, in the single row of LED light sources, all the second side walls may be arranged in the same straight line parallel to the length direction of the lamp tube. Alternatively, in the outermost two rows of the LED light sources arranged along the width direction of the lamp tube, all the second side walls may be arranged in two straight lines respectively parallel to the length direction of the lamp tube.

In comparison with the conventional LED lamp tube and the method of manufacturing the same, the LED lamp tubes disclosed herein can have the following advantages.

The end cap thereof may have a thermally conductive member to allow heating and solidification of the hot melt adhesive used in conjunction with the lamp tube, thus making the end cap simpler to bond and providing greater efficiency.

The end cap thereof may have a magnetic metal member to allow heating and solidification of the hot melt adhesive used in conjunction with the lamp tube by means of electromagnetic induction technology, therefore, the end cap simplifies the bonding and causes greater efficiency.

The end caps can be of different sizes to increase the design and manufacturing flexibility of the product.

The end caps may have sockets for connection to a power supply to facilitate assembly and increase manufacturing efficiency.

The end caps may be provided with a hollow conductive pin to connect to the power supply and increase the design and manufacturing flexibility of the product.

The end caps may have openings in a surface to dissipate heat generated by the power supply and to give an aesthetic appearance.

The lamp tube may be formed with a rear end portion at one end or at two ends, the rear end portion having a smaller diameter than the main body portion, so that the outer surface of the end cap and the outer surface of the main body portion may be substantially flush with each other. Therefore, the packaging box of the LED tube lamp is capable of connecting both the lamp tube and the end cap to equalize the load on the entire LED tube lamp and prevent breakage of the LED tube lamp during transportation.

The lamp tube may be formed with a transition region connecting the main body portion and the rear end portion, the end cap being attached to the lamp tube in the transition region. The transition portion causes a height difference between the rear end portion and the main body portion to prevent the adhesive applied to the rear end portion from overflowing the main body portion, thus saving labor for removing the overflowed adhesive and increasing the productivity.

The lamp tube may have a diffusion layer to allow the light emitted from the light sources to be scattered as they pass through the diffusion layer such that the light sources act as area sources and cause an optically diffuse effect to ultimately equalize the brightness of the entire lamp tube , Moreover, the placement of the diffusion layer also reduces the visual effect perceived by a user to increase visual comfort. The diffusion layer may have a very small thickness to ensure that the light output efficiency reaches the maximum.

The lamp tube may have a reflective film to reflect the light emitted from the light sources, so that it is possible to observe the light at different angles and to adjust the divergence angle of the emitted light, unlike that possible without providing the reflective film would be to illuminate another place. Therefore, the LED tube lamp can achieve the same illumination with lower power consumption, and energy-saving can be achieved.

The illumination angle can be increased and the heat dissipation efficiency can be improved by adhering the light sources to the inner surface of the lamp tube.

The inside and outside of a broken lamp tube can be insulated to improve safety in handling the lamp tube by providing the adhesive film on the inside or outside surface of the lamp tube.

The lamp tube no longer remains straight when broken, and therefore warns the user before using the lamp tube so that electrical shock can be avoided by using the bendable circuit path as the LED light bar.

The bendable circuit trace may include parts that are rollable, windable or deformable for mating insertion into the lamp tube by forming free extending portions at the ends of the bendable circuit trace in the axial direction of the lamp tube. This simplifies the manufacturing and assembly process of the LED lamp tube.

The connection between the bendable circuit trace and the power supply in the end cap can be firmly connected by soldering the bendable circuit trace directly to the output terminal of the power supply.

The connection between the bendable circuit trace and the circuit board supporting the power supply module of the power supply can be made stronger and less destructible by using a circuit board assembly.

The design and manufacturing flexibility of the LED tube lamp is enhanced by the use of various types of power supply modules.

The light source may be provided with a lead frame which is provided with a recess and first side walls and second side walls surrounding the recess, wherein an LED chip is arranged in the recess. The first side walls extend in the width direction of the lamp tube, while the second side walls extend in the length direction of the lamp tube. The second sidewalls prevent the user from seeing the LED chips when the user views the lamp tube from the side, thus reducing the grainy effect and improving visual comfort. Further, the height of the first sidewalls is less than the height of the second sidewalls to allow the light emitted by the LED chips to pass through the first sidewalls to effect illumination to increase light intensity and achieve energy savings ,

The plurality of rows of the LED light sources arranged in the width direction of the lamp tube may each have all the second side walls arranged in the same straight line, the line being parallel to the length direction of the lamp tube, so that the illumination loss in the length direction of the lamp tube is reduced the light is prevented by the aligned side walls from falling laterally into the eye of the observer.

The hot melt adhesive can be improved and the method of heating the hot melt adhesive can be designed to facilitate the secure connection between the lamp tube and the end caps so that the reliability of the hot melt adhesive is not compromised by high temperatures generated in the end cap. In addition, the hot melt adhesive can be used to electrically insulate the lamp tube and the end caps to additionally prevent any possibility of electrical shock if the lamp is damaged.

Brief description of the drawings

1 is a perspective view for schematically illustrating an LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1A is a perspective view for schematically illustrating the different sized end caps according to another embodiment of the invention;

2 is an exploded view of the schematic representation of in 1 illustrated LED tube lamp;

3 Fig. 15 is a perspective view schematically showing the front and the top of an end cap of the LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a perspective view for schematically illustrating the underside of in 3 illustrated end cap;

5 Fig. 12 is a plan sectional view schematically showing a connection portion of the end cap and the lamp tube of the LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a perspective cross-sectional view for schematically illustrating the internal structure of a fully plastic end cap (with inside magnetic metal element and hot melt adhesive) according to another embodiment of the present invention;

7 Fig. 12 is a perspective view schematically showing the all-plastic end cap and the lamp tube bonded together using an induction coil according to the other embodiment of the present invention;

8th Fig. 15 is a perspective view showing a support portion and a projection portion of the electric insulating tube of the end cap of the LED tube lamp according to the other embodiment of the present invention;

9 FIG. 12 is a plan sectional view schematically showing the internal structure of the electrically insulating tube and the magnetic metal member of the end cap of FIG 8th along the line XX;

10 Fig. 12 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the openings in the surface of the magnetic metal member of the end cap of the LED tube lamp according to the other embodiment of the present invention;

11 Fig. 12 is a plan view schematically showing the depression / embossment in the surface of the magnetic metal member of the end cap of the LED tube lamp according to the other embodiment of the present invention;

12 is a plan view for schematically illustrating the structure of the connection of the end cap of 8th and the lamp tube along a radial axis of the lamp tube, the electrically insulating tube being in the form of a circular ring;

13 is a cross-sectional view in plan view to schematically illustrate the structure of the connection of the end cap of 8th and the lamp tube along a radial axis of the lamp tube, the electrically insulating tube having the shape of an elliptical or oval ring;

14 Fig. 12 is a perspective view schematically showing another end cap of an LED tube lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention;

15 Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional plan view schematically showing the end structure of a lamp tube of the LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

16 is a cross-sectional view in plan view for schematically illustrating the local structure of the transition region of the lamp tube in 15 ;

17 Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional plan view schematically showing the internal structure of the lamp tube of the LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein two reflective films are respectively disposed adjacent two sides of the LRD light bar in the circumferential direction of the lamp tube;

18 is a cross-sectional view in plan view schematically illustrating the internal structure of the lamp tube he LED tube lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein only a reflective film on one side of the LED light bar in the circumferential direction of the lamp tube is arranged;

19 Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional plan view schematically showing the internal structure of the lamp tube of the LED tube lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the reflective film is located under the LED light bar and extends on both sides in the circumferential direction of the lamp tube;

20 Fig. 12 is a plan sectional view schematically showing the internal structure of the lamp tube of the LED tube lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the reflective film is located under the LED light bar and extends only on one side in the circumferential direction of the lamp tube;

21 Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional plan view schematically showing the internal structure of the lamp tube of the LED tube lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein two reflective films are respectively disposed adjacent the two sides of the LED light bar and extending in the circumferential direction of the lamp tube;

22 Fig. 12 is a plan sectional view schematically showing the LED light bar as a bendable circuit trace, the ends of which extend through the transition region of the lamp tube of the LED tube lamp to be soldered to the output terminals of the power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;

23 is a cross-sectional view in plan view for schematically illustrating a two-layer structure of the bendable circuit path of the LED light bar of the LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

24 Fig. 12 is a perspective view schematically showing the soldering pad of the bendable circuit trace of the LED light bar for soldering connection with the power supply board of the LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

25 Fig. 12 is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the solder pads of the bendable circuit trace of the LED light bar of the LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

26 Fig. 12 is a plan view schematically showing a row of three solder pads of the bendable circuit trace of the LED light bar of the LED tube lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention;

27 Fig. 12 is a plan view schematically showing two rows of solder bumps of the bendable circuit trace of the LED light bar of the LED tube lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention;

28 Fig. 12 is a plan view schematically showing a row of four solder pads of the bendable circuit trace of the LED light bar of the LED tube lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention;

29 Fig. 12 is a plan view schematically showing two rows of two solder pads of the bendable circuit trace of the LED light bar of the LED tube lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention;

30 Fig. 12 is a plan view schematically showing through holes formed in the solder pads of the bendable circuit trace of the LED light bar of the LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

31 is a cross-sectional side view schematically illustrating the soldering process using the solder pads of the flexible circuit path of the LED light bar of 30 and the power supply board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

32 is a cross-sectional side view schematically illustrating the soldering process using the solder pads of the flexible circuit path of the LED light bar of 30 and the board of the power supply according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the through hole of the soldering pad is located near the edge of the bendable circuit path;

33 Fig. 12 is a plan view schematically showing notches formed in the solder pads of the flexible circuit of the LED light bar of the LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

34 is a cross-sectional view of 33 in plan view along the line AA;

35 is a perspective view for schematically illustrating a board assembly consisting of the bendable circuit path of the LED light bar and the board of the power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;

36 is a perspective view for schematically illustrating another arrangement of the board assembly of 35 ;

37 Fig. 12 is a perspective view schematically showing an LED lead frame for the LED light sources of the LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

38 Fig. 13 is a perspective view schematically showing a power supply of the LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

39 Fig. 12 is a perspective view schematically showing the power supply board perpendicularly bonded to a hard aluminum board by soldering according to another embodiment of the present invention;

40 Fig. 15 is a perspective view showing a thermocompression head used in soldering the bendable circuit trace of the LED light bar and the power supply board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

41 Fig. 12 is a plan view schematically showing the difference between the thicknesses of two solder pads on the solder pads of the flexible circuit path of the LED light bar or the power supply board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

42 is a perspective view for schematically illustrating the soldering device for soldering the bendable circuit path of the LED light bar and the circuit board of the power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;

43 is a plan view for schematically illustrating a rotational state of the rotary platform of the soldering in 41 ;

44 Fig. 12 is a plan view schematically showing an external means for heating the hot-melt adhesive according to another embodiment of the present invention;

45 Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the hot melt adhesive having uniformly dispersed particles of high-permeability powder of small particle size according to an embodiment of the present invention;

46 FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the hot melt adhesive having non-uniformly dispersed particles of high-permeability powder of small particle size according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the powder particles form a closed electric circuit; FIG.

47 Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the hot melt adhesive having non-uniformly dispersed particles of high-particle size large particle size powder according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the powder particles form a closed electric circuit;

48 Fig. 12 is a perspective view schematically showing the bendable circuit trace of the LED light bar formed with two conductive wiring layers according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed description of preferred embodiments

To solve the aforementioned problems, the present disclosure provides a novel LED tube lamp based on a lamp tube made of glass. The present disclosure will now be described with reference to the following embodiments with reference to the drawings. The following descriptions of various embodiments of the invention are provided herein for purposes of illustration and example only. They are neither intended to be exhaustive nor to be limited to the precise form disclosed. These exemplary embodiments are merely examples, and numerous implementations and variations are possible that do not require the details set forth herein. It should also be noted that the disclosure provides details of alternative examples, but this list of alternatives is not exhaustive. Furthermore, a match of details between different embodiments should not be interpreted as requiring these details - it is impracticable to cite any possible variant for each feature described herein. The wording of the claims should serve as a reference for determining the requirements of the invention.

In the 1 and 2 an LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, which is a lamp tube 1 , one in the lamp tube 1 arranged LED light bar 2 , and two end caps 3 on, one each at one of two ends of the lamp tube 1 is arranged. The lamp tube 1 can be made of plastic or glass. The sizes of the two end caps 3 can be the same or different. As in 1A illustrated may be the size of an end cap in some embodiments about 30 to about 80% of the size of the other end cap.

In one embodiment, the lamp tube is made 1 of glass with a reinforced tempered structure to avoid the easy breakage and electric shock that can occur with conventional glass tube lamps and to avoid the rapid aging that often occurs with plastic tube lamps. The lamp tube made of glass 1 In addition, in various embodiments of the present invention, it may be further strengthened or annealed by a chemical annealing process or a physical annealing process.

An exemplary chemical annealing process is realized by exchanging the Na ions or K ions on the glass surface with other alkali metal ions, the process changing the composition of the glass surface. The sodium ions (Na) or potassium ions (K) and other alkali metal ions on the glass surface are exchanged to form an ion exchange layer on the glass surface. The glass is then stressed on the inside while being pressurized on the outside when cooled to room temperature so as to achieve the goal of increased strength. Without being limited thereto, the chemical tempering method is the following glass annealing methods: high-temperature type ion exchange method, low-temperature type ion exchange method, decarbonization, surface crystallization, and / or sodium silicate reinforcing method, which will be described later.

The high-temperature type ion exchange method comprises the steps of introducing glass containing sodium oxide (Na ₂ O) or potassium oxide (K ₂ O) in the temperature range of the softening point or glass transition point into molten lithium salt so that the Na ions in the glass pass through Li ions are exchanged in the molten salt. The glass is then cooled to room temperature because the surface layer containing Li ions has a different expansion coefficient with respect to the Na ions-containing inner layer, so that the surface generates and amplifies residual stress. The glass containing Al ₂ O ₃ , TiO ₂ and other components can form glass crystals by ion exchange, which have an extremely low expansion coefficient. The crystallized glass surface, upon cooling, produces a significant pressure of up to 700 MPa, which can improve the strength of glass.

The low temperature type ion exchange method has the following steps: First, ion exchange occurs between a monovalent cation (for example, K ions) and the alkali ions (eg, Na ions) on the surface layer in a temperature range lower than the cooling point temperature, so that the K ions can penetrate the surface. For example, to produce Na ₂ O + CaO + SiO ₂ system glass, the glass can be impregnated for more than four hundred degrees in the molten salt for ten hours. With the low-temperature type ion exchange method, a glass of higher strength is easy to obtain, and the processing method is simple, does not impair the transparent nature of the glass surface, and does not change the shape.

Decarbonization involves treating glass using a platinum catalyst (Pt) together with sulfuric acid gas and water in a high temperature atmosphere. The Na ⁺ ions migrate out and exit from the glass surface to react with the PT catalyst so that the surface layer becomes a SuO ₂ enriched layer, resulting in a glass with a low expansion coefficient and causing compression stress on cooling.

The surface-crystallization method and the high-temperature type ion exchange method differ, but only in that the surface layer is treated by a heat treatment to form microcrystals having a low coefficient of thermal expansion on the glass surface, whereby the glass is strengthened.

The sodium silicate strengthening process is an annealing process in which sodium silicate (waterglass) is treated in water solution at 100 degrees Celsius and several atmospheres of pressure to produce a stronger / stronger glass surface that is harder.

The physical tempering method includes, but is not limited to, applying a coating to an object or altering the structure of an object so as to reinforce the easily breakable sites. The applied coating may be a ceramic coating, an acrylic coating or a glass coating, depending on the material used. The coating can be carried out in a liquid phase or a gaseous phase.

The previously described glass tempering processes, including physical tempering and chemical tempering, may be performed singly or in any combination.

With reference to 2 to 15 In the following, a glass tube lamp of an LED tube lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention having reinforced end portions in its structure will be described. The lamp tube made of glass 1 has a main body area 102 , two rear end areas 101 one each at one of the ends of the main body portion 102 is formed, and end caps 3 on, each on one of the rear end areas 101 are plugged. The outer diameter of at least one of the rear end portions 101 is smaller than the outer diameter of the main body portion 102 , In the embodiment of the 2 and 15 are the outer diameters of the two rear end portions 101 less than the outer diameter of the main body portion 102 , The surface of the rear end area 101 is in cross-section parallel to the surface of the main body portion 102 , In particular, the lamp tube made of glass is 1 reinforced at both ends, leaving the rear end portions 101 are formed as reinforced structures. In certain embodiments, the reinforced structure has rear end portions 101 each with the end caps 3 provided and the outer diameter of the end caps 3 and the main body area 102 show little or no difference. In other words: the end caps 3 have the same outer diameter as the main body portion 102 , so no gap between the end caps 3 and the main body area 102 consists. In this way, the support seat in a packing box for transporting the LED tube lamp is not only in contact with the end caps 3 but also with the lamp tube 1 and thus equalizes the load on the entire LED tube lamp to avoid situations in which only the end caps 3 be subjected to force, and thereby to prevent a break in the connection area between the end caps 3 and the rear end portions 101 due to the stress concentration. The quality and appearance of the product are improved in this way.

In one embodiment, the end caps 3 and the main body area 102 essentially the same outer diameter. For example, these diameters may have a tolerance within +/- 0.2 millimeters (mm), or in some cases up to +/- 1.0 millimeters (mm). Depending on the thickness of the end caps 3 can the difference between the outer diameter of the rear end portions 101 and the outer diameter of the main body portion 102 for typical product applications about 1 mm to about 10 mm. In some embodiments, the difference between the outer diameter of the rear end portions 101 and the outer diameter of the main body portion 102 about 2 mm to about 7 mm.

As in 15 shown is the lamp tube 1 further with a transition area 103 between the main body area 102 and the rear end portions 161 educated. In one embodiment, the transition region is 103 a bent portion provided with bumps at two ends for stepless connection with both the main body portion 102 , as well as the rear end areas 101 manufacture. The two ends of the transition area 103 For example, in cross-section in the axial direction of the lamp tube 1 be formed arcuate. Further, one of the bulges connects the main body portion 102 while the other of the bulges the rear end 101 combines. The arc angle of the bulges is greater than 90 degrees, while the outer surface of the rear end region 101 is a continuous surface, seen in cross-section in the axial direction of the lamp tube, parallel to the outer surface of the main body portion 102 runs. In other embodiments, the transition region may be formed without curvature or arc. The length of the transition area 103 in the axial direction of the lamp tube 1 is between about 1 mm and about 4 mm. In experiments, it turned out that at a length of the transition area 103 in the axial direction of the lamp tube 1 less than 1 mm, the strength of the transition zone is insufficient; is the length of the transition area 103 in the axial direction of the lamp tube 1 more than 4 mm, would be the main body area 102 shortened and the desired luminous area would be reduced, and the end caps 3 would be longer and the material needed for the end caps 3 would be increased.

Like in the 5 and the 16 represented consists of the lamp tube 1 in some embodiments glass and has a rear end portion 101 , a main body area 102 and a transition area 103 on. The transition area 103 has two arcuate bulges at both ends to form an S-shape, one near the main body portion 102 provided curvature is convex to the outside, while the other, near the rear end 101 provided curvature is concave inward. Generally speaking, the radius of curvature R1 of the camber / arc is between the transition region 103 and the main body area 102 smaller than the radius of curvature R2 of the curvature between the transition area 103 and the rear end area 101 , The ratio R1: R2 may be, for example, between about 1: 1.5 and about 1:10, and is more effective between about 1: 2.5 and about 1: 5 in some embodiments, and between about 1: 3 in some embodiments and about 1: 4 even more effective. That way the near the rear end area 101 provided curvature / arc of the transition area 103 on the outer surfaces under pressure and on the inner surfaces under tension, and the near the main body portion 102 arranged vault / arc of the transition area 103 is under tension at the outer surface and under pressure at the inner surface. In this way, the goal is to consolidate the transitional area 103 the lamp tube 1 reached.

For example, according to the standard specification for a T8 lamp, the outer diameter is the rear end portion 101 between 20.9 mm and 23 mm. An outer diameter of the rear end portion 101 less than 20.9 mm would be too small to fit the power supply in the lamp tube 1 use. The outer diameter of the main body area 102 is between about 25 mm and about 28 mm in some embodiments. An outer diameter of the main body portion 102 less than 25 mm would, according to current knowledge, be unsuitable for the ends of the main body region 102 while consolidating an outer diameter of the main body portion 102 taller than 28 mm, does not conform to the industry standard.

As in the 3 and 4 illustrated in an embodiment of the invention, each end cap 3 an electrically insulating tube 302 , a thermally conductive element 303 that over the electrically insulating pipe 302 is set, and two hollow conductive pins 301 on, on the electrically insulating tube 302 are arranged. The heat-insulating element 303 may be a metal ring which is tubular.

As in 5 in one embodiment, one end of the thermally conductive element extends 303 from the electrically conductive tube 302 the end cap 3 away and towards one end of the lamp tube 1 , and is with the end of the lamp tube 1 using a hot melt adhesive 6 adhesively connected. In this way, the end cap extends 3 by means of the thermally conductive element 303 to the transition area 103 the lamp tube 1 , The thermally conductive element 303 and the transition area 103 are closely related, so the hot melt adhesive 6 not from the end cap 3 overflows and on the main body area 102 remains when the hot melt adhesive 6 for connecting the thermally conductive element 303 and the lamp tube 1 is used. In addition, the lamp tube has that 1 facing electrically insulating pipe 302 no end to that, which is to the transition area 103 extends, and there is a gap between the electrically insulating tube 302 and the transition area 103 , In one embodiment, the electrically insulating tube 302 not limited to being made of plastic or ceramics, but any material that is not a good electrical conductor can be used.

The hot melt adhesive 6 is a composition containing a so-called "well-known""weld mud powder" and in some embodiments has one or more of the ingredients phenolic resin 2127 #, shellac, rosin, calcium carbonate powder, zinc oxide and ethanol. Rosin is a thickening agent that has the property of being soluble in ethanol, but not in water. In one embodiment, a rosin-containing hot melt adhesive 6 be expanded to change its physical state in addition to the intrinsic viscosity, so that it solidifies when heated to a high temperature. Therefore, the end cap 3 and the lamp tube 1 using the hot melt adhesive are closely bonded together to realize an automatic production of LED tube lamps. In one embodiment, the hot melt adhesive 6 be expansive and flow and eventually solidify after cooling. In this embodiment, the volume of the hot melt adhesive expands 6 1.3 times the original size when heated from room temperature to 200 to 250 degrees Celsius. The hot melt adhesive 6 is not limited to the materials mentioned here. Alternatively, a material for the hot melt adhesive 6 which solidifies immediately when heated to a predetermined temperature. The hot melt adhesive 6 which is provided in the respective embodiments of the present invention is in terms of heat caused by the power supply high temperatures in the end caps 3 resistant. Therefore, the lamp tube 1 and the end caps 3 without reducing the reliability of the LED tube lamp.

Further, a receiving space between the inner surface of the thermally conductive member 303 and the outer surface of the lamp tube 1 trained to the hot melt adhesive 6 as indicated by the dashed line B in FIG 5 is indicated. In other words: the hot melt adhesive 6 is filled in the receiving space at a position where a first hypothetical plane (as indicated by the dashed line B in FIG 5 indicated) by the thermally conductive element, the hot melt adhesive 6 and the outer surface of the lamp tube 1 runs. The hot melt adhesive 6 may have a thickness of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. The hot melt adhesive 6 is expansive to solidify and stands with the lamp tube 1 and the end cap 3 in contact to connect the two. The transition area 103 causes a height difference between the rear end portion 101 and the Main body portion 102 to overflow the hot melt adhesive 6 on the main body area 102 to prevent and thus saves for the removal of the overgrown adhesive required labor and increases the productivity of the LED tube lamp. The hot melt adhesive 6 is heated by heat from the thermally conductive element 303 to which power is applied from an external heater, and it expands and eventually solidifies after cooling, so that the end caps 3 sticking with the lamp tube 1 are connected.

As in 5 illustrated in one embodiment, the electrically insulating tube 302 the end cap 3 a first tubular part 302a and a second tubular part 302b on, in the axial direction of the lamp tube 1 connected to each other. The outer diameter of the second tubular part 302b is smaller than the outer diameter of the first tubular part 302a , In some embodiments, the outside diameter difference is between the first tubular part 302a and the second tubular part 302b between about 0.15 mm and about 0.30 mm. The heat-conducting element 303 is on the outer peripheral surface of the second tubular part 302b placed. The outer surface of the heat-conducting element 503 is coplanar or substantially flush with the outer peripheral surface of the first tubular part 302a , In other words: the thermally conductive element 303 and the first tubular part 302a have substantially uniform outer diameter from one end to the other. Consequently, the entire end cap 3 , and thus the entire LED tube lamp, are smooth in appearance, and both have a substantially uniform outer tubular surface, so that the load on the entire LED tube lamp during transportation is also uniform. In one embodiment, the ratio between the length of the heat-conducting element is 303 in the axial direction of the end cap 3 and the axial length of the electrically insulating tube 302 between about 1: 2.5 and about 1: 5.

In one embodiment, for reasons of secure bonding between the end cap 3 and the lamp tube 1 the second tubular part 302b at least partially around the lamp tube 1 arranged, and the receiving space further comprises a space which is from the inner surface of the second tubular part 302b and the outer surface of the rear end portion 101 the lamp tube 1 is surrounded. The hot melt adhesive 6 is at least partially in an overlap area (the one in 5 shown by the dashed line "A") between the inner surface of the second tubular part 302b and the outer surface of the rear end portion 101 the lamp tube 1 filled. In other words: the hot melt adhesive 6 is filled into the receiving space at a location where a second hypothetical plane (in 5 represented by line A) perpendicular to the axial direction of the lamp tube 1 passes through the thermally conductive element 303 , the second tubular part 302b , the hot melt adhesive 6 and the rear end area 101 extends.

The hot melt adhesive 6 does not necessarily have to completely fill the reception room, as in 5 shown, in particular, when a gap between the thermally conductive element 303 and the second tubular part 302b reserved or trained. In other words: the hot melt adhesive 6 can be provided only partially filling the receiving space. During the manufacture of the LED tube lamp can reduce the amount of applied and between the heat-conducting element 303 and the rear end area 101 introduced hot melt adhesive 6 be increased in a suitable manner, so that in the subsequent heating process, the hot melt adhesive 6 can be made to expand and between the second tubular part 302b and the rear end area 101 flows, and solidifies after cooling to the second tubular part 302b and the rear end area 102 to connect with each other.

During the production of the LED tube lamp becomes the rear end area 101 the lamp tube 1 in one of the end caps 3 used. The axial length of the inserted part of the rear end region 101 the lamp tube 1 Make about one-third (1/3) to two-thirds (2/3) of the total axial length of the thermally conductive element 303 out. One advantage is that there is sufficient creepage distance between the hollow conductive pins 301 and the thermally conductive element 303 exists, and thus can not easily create a short circuit that could put people a dangerous electric shock. On the other hand, the creepage distance is between the hollow conductive pins 301 and the thermally conductive element 303 by the electrically insulating effect of the electrically insulating tube 302 increased, and thus a high voltage test can be easily passed without giving people an electric shock.

Furthermore, the presence of the second tubular part 302b that between the hot melt adhesive 6 and the thermally conductive element 303 is arranged, that of the thermally conductive element 303 to the hot melt adhesive 6 reduce transmitted heat. To solve this problem is, as for an embodiment in 4 shown, the end of the second tubular part 302b , which is the lamp tube 1 facing (ie, from the first tubular part 302a turned away), circumferentially with several notches 302c Mistake. These notches 302c help in the contact surface between the thermally conductive element 303 and the hot melt adhesive 6 to increase, thus causing a rapid heat conduction from the heat-conductive element 303 to the hot melt adhesive 6 so as to solidify the hot melt adhesive 6 to accelerate. Further, the hot melt adhesive is isolated 6 the thermally conductive element 303 and the lamp tube 1 so that a user does not suffer an electric shock when doing so with a broken lamp tube 1 connected thermally conductive element 303 touched.

The thermally conductive element 303 can consist of different thermally conductive materials. The thermally conductive element 303 may be a metal sheet of, for example, an aluminum alloy. The thermally conductive element 303 encloses the second tubular part 302b and may be tubular or annular. The electrically insulating tube 302 may be made of an electrically insulating material, however, in some embodiments, it may have a low thermal conductivity, so that the heat is prevented from reaching the power module located in the end cap 3 is arranged, and so to adversely affect the performance of the power module. In one embodiment, the electrically insulating tube 302 a plastic tube.

Alternatively, the thermally conductive element 303 be formed by a plurality of metal plates, which in the circumferential direction on the tubular part 302b are arranged either equidistant or non-equidistant from each other.

The end cap 3 may be formed with another type of structures or have other elements. As in 6 shown has the end cap 3 According to a further embodiment further comprises a magnetic metal element 9 in the electrically insulating tube 302 but with the thermally conductive element 303 eliminated. The magnetic metal element 9 is fixed on the inner peripheral surface of the electrically insulating tube 302 arranged, and therefore between the electrically insulating tube 302 and the lamp tube 1 arranged such that the magnetic metal element 9 in the radial direction partly with the lamp tube 1 is arranged overlapping. In this embodiment, the entire magnetic metal element is located 9 in the electrically insulating tube 302 , and the hot melt adhesive 6 is on the inner surface of the magnetic metal element 9 (The surface of the magnetic metal element 9 , which is the lamp tube 1 facing) and adhered to the outer peripheral surface of the lamp tube 1 connected. In some embodiments, the hot melt adhesive covers 6 the entire inner surface of the magnetic metal element 9 to increase the adhesive surface and improve the stability of the adhesion.

As in 7 is shown in the manufacture of the LED tube lamp according to this embodiment, the electrically insulating tube 302 used in an external heating device, which in some embodiments, an induction coil 11 so that the induction coil 11 and the magnetic metal element 9 each other in the radial direction of extension of the electrically insulating tube 302 are arranged opposite (or adjacent). The induction coil 11 is energized and generates an electromagnetic field, and the electromagnetic field causes the magnetic metal element 9 to generate an electric current and to heat up. That of the magnetic metal element 9 coming heat is applied to the hot melt adhesive 6 Transfer to the hot melt adhesive 6 expand and flow, and then solidify after cooling, reducing the connection of the end cap 3 and the lamp tube 1 can be achieved. The induction coil 11 may consist of red copper and be formed by metal wires having a width of, for example, about 5 mm to about 6 mm into a circular coil with a diameter of between about 30 mm and about 35 mm, which is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the end cap 3 is. Because the end cap 3 and the lamp tube 3 may have the same outer diameter, the outer diameter depending on the outer diameter of the lamp tube 1 change, and therefore, the outer diameter of the induction coil used 11 depending on the type of lamp tube used 1 to be changed. For example, the outer diameters of the lamp tube for T12, T10, T8, T5, T4 and T2 are 38.1 mm, 31.8 mm, 25.4 mm, 16 mm, 12.7 mm and 6.4 mm, respectively.

Furthermore, the induction coil 11 be provided with a power amplification unit to increase the AC power to 1 to 2 times the original power. It is advantageous if the induction coil 11 and the electrically insulating tube 302 coaxially aligned to make the energy transfer more uniform. In some embodiments, the deviation value is between the axes of the induction coil 11 and the electrically insulating tube 302 not larger than about 0.05 mm. When the bonding process is complete, the end cap will become 3 and the lamp tube 1 moved away from the induction coil. The hot melt adhesive 6 absorbs the energy to expand and flow and solidify after cooling. In one embodiment, the magnetic metal element 9 be heated to a temperature of about 250 to 300 degrees Celsius; the hot melt adhesive 6 can on a temperature of 200 to 250 degrees Celsius are heated. The material of the hot melt adhesive is not limited thereto, and a material which allows the hot melt adhesive to solidify immediately upon absorbing heat energy can also be used.

In one embodiment, the induction coil 11 be fixed in position to moving the end cap 3 and the lamp tube 1 into the induction coil 11 allow, so the hot melt adhesive 6 is heated to expand and flow and then solidify after cooling when the end cap 3 again from the induction coil 11 is moved away. Alternatively, the end cap 3 and the lamp tube 1 be fixed in position to move the induction coil 11 to allow it to be the end cap 3 encloses such that the hot melt adhesive 6 is heated to expand and flow and then solidify after cooling when the induction coil 11 back from the end cap 3 is moved away. In one embodiment, the external heater is for heating the magnetic metal element 9 provided with a plurality of devices which the induction coils 11 are the same, and the external heater moves relative to the end cap during the heating process 3 and the lamp tube 1 , The length of the lamp tube 1 However, it is much larger than the length of the end cap 3 and may be up to about 240 cm on some special equipment, and this can be a poor connection between the end cap 3 and the lamp tube 1 during the process cause the lamp tube 1 together with the end cap 3 relatively far back into the induction coil 11 enters or exits and, as previously mentioned, also in terms of direction when there is a positioning error.

As in 44 an external heater is shown 110 with multiple sets of lower and upper semicircular retainers 11a provided to achieve the same heating effect, by means of the induction coils 11 is reached. In this way, the aforementioned risk of damage by the relative movement in the forward / backward direction can be reduced. The upper and lower semicircular holding devices 11a each have a semicircular coil formed by winding a metal wire of about 5 mm to about 6 mm wide. The combination of the upper and lower semicircular retainers forms a ring having a diameter of about 30 mm to about 35 mm, and the inner semicircular coils form a closed loop, as mentioned, the induction coil 11 to build. In this embodiment, the end cap is moving 3 and the lamp tube 1 not relatively in the forward and backward directions, but roll in the recess of the lower semicircular holding device. In particular, an end cap rolls 3 together with a lamp tube 1 first on a production line, and then the end cap rolls 3 into the recess of a lower semicircular holding device, and then the upper and lower semicircular holding devices are brought together to form a closed circle, and the holding devices are released when the heating is completed. This process reduces the requirements for high-precision positioning and the ejection problem in production.

As in 6 shown is the electrically insulating tube 302 further divided into two parts, namely a first tubular part 302d and a second tubular part 302e ie the remaining part. To better support the magnetic metal element 9 to cause, is the inner diameter of the first tubular part 302d for supporting the magnetic metal element 9 larger than the inner diameter of the second tubular part 302e which is not the magnetic metal element 9 and it is a stepped structure at the junction of the first tubular part 302d and the second tubular part 302e educated. In this way, one end of the magnetic metal element 9 as seen in the axial direction abutting against the stepped structure so that the entire inner surface of the end cap is smooth and level. In addition, the magnetic metal element 9 have various shapes, for example, a sheet-like or rough-shaped structure which is arranged in the circumferential direction, or the like, wherein the magnetic metal element 9 coaxial with the electrically insulating tube 302 is arranged.

As in the 8th and 9 illustrated, the electrically insulating tube with a support area 313 on the inner surface of the electrically insulating tube 302 be formed, which extends inwardly such that the magnetic metal element 9 axially in some embodiments at the upper edge of the support area 313 is applied. In some embodiments, the thickness of the support area is 313 in the radial direction of the electrically insulating tube 302 between 1 mm and 2 mm. The electrically insulating tube 302 may further be provided with an inwardly extending projecting portion 310 on the inner surface of the electrically insulating tube 302 be formed, so that the magnetic metal element 9 radially at the side edge of the projecting portion 310 is applied, and the outer surface of the magnetic metal element 9 and the inner surface of the electrically insulating tube 302 are spaced apart leaving a gap. The thickness of the above range 310 in the radial direction of the electrically insulating tube 302 is less than the thickness of the support area 313 in the radial direction of the electrically insulating tube 302 and in one embodiment is between about 0.2 mm and about 1 mm.

As in 9 Shown are the above range 310 and the support portion connected in the axial direction, and the magnetic metal member 9 lies axially at the upper edge of the support area 313 at, being radially on the side edge of the projecting portion 310 such that at least a part of the above range 310 between the magnetic metal element 9 and the electrically insulating tube 302 lies. The above area 310 can in the circumferential direction of the electrically insulating tube 302 be arranged with a circular shape. Alternatively, the above range 310 in the form of a plurality of projections, which are arranged on the inner surface of the electrically insulating tube may be formed. The protrusions may be equidistant or non-equidistant along the inner peripheral surface of the electrically insulating tube 302 be formed, as long as the outer surface of the magnetic metal element 9 and the inner surface of the electrically insulating tube 302 in a minimum contact and at the same time the hot melt adhesive 6 hold. In other embodiments, it would be for an all metal end cap 3 an insulator disposed under the hollow conductive pin is required to withstand the high voltage.

As in 10 The magnetic metal element can be represented 9 in one embodiment at least one or more circular openings 91 exhibit. The openings 91 However, for example, oval, square, star-shaped, etc., as long as the contact surface between the magnetic metal element 9 and the inner peripheral surface of the electrically insulating tube 302 decreases and the function of the magnetic metal element 9 for heating the hot melt adhesive 6 can be carried out. In some embodiments, the openings take 91 about 10% to about 50% of the area of the magnetic metal element 9 one. The openings 91 may be equidistant or not equidistant circumferentially on the magnetic metal element 9 be arranged.

As in 11 illustrated has the magnetic metal element 9 in other embodiments, a recess / embossing 93 on the surface, which is the electrically insulating tube 302 is facing. The embossment is from the inner surface of the magnetic metal element 9 raised, while the recess below the inner surface of the magnetic metal element 9 is deepened. The recess / embossing reduces the contact area between the inner peripheral surface of the electrically insulating tube 302 and the outer surface of the magnetic metal element 9 while the function of melting and curing the hot melt adhesive 6 is maintained. In summary, the surface of the magnetic metal element 9 be formed with openings, recesses or embossments or any combination thereof to the goal of reducing the contact area between the inner peripheral surface of the electrically insulating tube 302 and the outer surface of the magnetic metal element 9 to reach. At the same time, the solid adhesive bond should be between the magnetic metal element 9 and the lamp tube 1 be ensured to heat and solidify the hot melt adhesive 6 to reach.

As in 12 illustrated in one embodiment, the magnetic metal element 9 a circular ring. As in 13 is shown in another embodiment, the magnetic metal element 9 a non-circular ring such as, but not limited to, an oval ring. When the magnetic metal element 9 is an oval ring, the short axis of the oval ring is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the end portion of the lamp tube 1 such that the contact surface of the inner circumferential surface of the electrically insulating tube 3 and the outer surface of the magnetic metal element 9 decreases and the function of melting and curing the hot melt adhesive 6 nevertheless be carried out correctly. For example, the inner surface of the electrically insulating tube 302 with a support area 313 be formed, and the non-annular magnetic metal element 9 sits on the support area 313 , Thus, the contact area between the outer surface of the magnetic metal element 9 and the inner surface of the electrically insulating tube 302 while the function of solidifying the hot melt adhesive 6 can be carried out. In other embodiments, the magnetic metal element 9 on the outer surface of the end cap 3 be arranged to the thermally conductive element 303 to replace, as in 5 and the function of heating and solidifying the hot melt adhesive 6 to perform by electromagnetic induction.

As in the 45 to 47 The magnetic metal element can be represented 9 omitted in other embodiments. Instead, the hot melt adhesive points 6 in some embodiments, a predetermined proportion of high permeability powders 65 with a relative permeability between, for example, about 10 ^{2 to} about 10 ⁶ . The powders can serve as a replacement for the calcite powders that were originally in the hot melt adhesive 6 are included, and in certain embodiments that is Volume ratio between the high permeability powders 65 and the calcite powders about 1: 1-1: 3. In some embodiments, the material is the high permeability powder 65 iron, nickel, cobalt, alloys thereof, or any combination thereof; the percentage by weight of high permeability powders 65 with respect to the hot melt adhesive is about 10% to about 50%; and / or the powders may have an average particle size of about 1 to about 30 microns. Such a hot melt adhesive 6 allows the end cap to stick together 3 and the lamp tube 1 and passing a destruction test, a torque test and a bending test. Generally speaking, the bend test standard for the end cap of the LED tube lamp is more than 5 Newton meters (Nt-m) while the torque test standard is more than 1.5 Newton meters (Nt-m). In an embodiment in which the ratio of high permeability powders 65 to the hot melt adhesive 6 and the magnetic flux has been applied, the end cap exist 3 and the end of the lamp tube 1 using the hot melt adhesive 6 A torque test of 1.5 to 5 Newton-meters (Nt-m) and a bending test of 5 to 10 Newton-meters (Nt-m). First, the induction coil 11 Turn on and charge evenly in the hot melt adhesive 6 distributed high permeability powder, and then heating the hot melt adhesive 6 for expanding it and flowing it, and then allowing it to solidify after cooling. In this way, the goal becomes the adhesive bonding of the end cap 3 with the lamp tube 1 reached.

As in the 45 to 47 The high-permeability powders can be represented 65 in different ways in the hot melt adhesive 6 be distributed. As in 45 As shown, the high permeability powders have an average particle size of about 1 to about 5 microns and are uniform in the hot melt adhesive 6 distributed. If such a hot melt adhesive 6 on the inner surface of the end cap 3 Although the highly permeable powders, although they can not form a closed ring due to the uniform distribution, can nevertheless be heated due to magnetic hysteresis in the electromagnetic field to the hot melt adhesive 6 to warm up. As in 46 shown have the high permeability powder 65 have an average particle size of about 1 to about 5 microns, and they are in the hot melt adhesive 6 randomly distributed. If such a hot melt adhesive 6 on the inner surface of the end cap 3 is applied, form the high permeability powder 65 due to the random arrangement, a closed ring; they may be heated due to magnetic hysteresis or the closed ring in the electromagnetic field to the hot melt adhesive 6 to warm up. As in 47 shown have the high permeability powder 65 have an average particle size of about 5 to about 30 microns, and they are in the hot melt adhesive 6 randomly distributed. If such a hot melt adhesive 6 on the inner surface of the end cap 3 is applied, form the high permeability powder 65 due to the random arrangement, a closed ring; they may be heated due to magnetic hysteresis or the closed ring in the electromagnetic field to the hot melt adhesive 6 to warm up. Depending on the selected particle size, the distribution density and the type of distribution of the high-permeability powder 65 and on the end cap 3 applied electromagnetic flux, the heating temperature of the hot melt adhesive 6 be regulated accordingly. In one embodiment, the hot melt adhesive flows 6 and solidifies after cooling from a temperature of 200 to 250 degrees Celsius. In another embodiment, the hot melt adhesive solidifies 6 immediately at a temperature of about 200 to about 250 degrees Celsius.

As in the 14 and 39 illustrated in one embodiment, an end cap 3 with a pen 312 at one end, with the top of the pen 312 provided with an opening which is a groove 314 having a depth of, for example, 0.1 ± 1% of the circumference thereof around a conductor 53 to position as in 39 shown. The leader 53 extends through the opening in the top of the pen 312 and has an end for placement in the groove 314 is bent. After that covers a conductive metal cap 311 the pencil 312 so the leader 53 between the pen 312 and the conductive metal cap 311 is fixed. In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the conductive metal cap 311 is 7.56 mm ± 5%, the outer diameter of the pin 312 is 7.23 mm ± 5%, and the outside diameter of the conductor 53 is 0.5 mm ± 1%. Nevertheless, the sizes mentioned are not limited to this as long as the conductive metal cap 311 the pencil 312 covers tightly without using extra glue, and thus the electrical connection between the power supply 5 and the conductive metal cap 311 is made.

As in the 2 . 3 . 12 and 13 shown can be the end cap 3 in one embodiment, openings 304 have to go through the power supply modules in the end cap 3 dissipate generated heat, leaving a high-temperature state in the end cap 3 is prevented, which can reduce the reliability. In some embodiments, the openings are in the form of a bow, in particular the shape of three sheets of different sizes. At a Embodiment, the sheets are present as 3 sheets of gradually varying size. The openings in the end cap 3 may be any of the named forms or any combination thereof.

In other embodiments, the end cap 3 with a socket (not shown) for installing the power module.

As in 17 shows the lamp tube 1 in one embodiment, further comprises a diffusion film 13 on, which is applied to the inner wall of the same and bonded to it, so that of the LED light sources 202 emitted or emitted light through the diffusion film 13 is scattered and then through the lamp tube 1 passes. The diffusion film 13 may be formed in various ways, for example as a coating on the inner wall or the outer wall of the lamp tube 1 , or as a diffusion coating layer (not shown) on the surface of each LED light source 202 is applied, or as a separate membrane containing the LED light source 202 covered.

Referring again to 17 covers the diffusion film 13 if it is in the form of a web, the LED light sources 202 without being in contact with them. The diffusion film 13 in the form of a web is commonly referred to as an optical diffusion sheet or plate, and is usually a composite material in which diffusion particles in polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and / or polycarbonate (PC) and / or any Combination of the same are mixed together. The light passing through such a composite is scattered to spread in a wide range of space, such as light emitted from a planar source, thus making the brightness of the LED tube lamp more uniform.

In an alternative embodiment, the diffusion film is located 13 in the form of an optical diffusion coating formed of one of the following, calcium carbonate, halocalcium phosphate and alumina, or any combination thereof. When the optical diffusion coating is made of calcium carbonate with appropriate solution, excellent light diffusion effect and transmittance over 90% can be obtained. Furthermore, the diffusion film can 13 in the form of an optical diffusion coating on an outer surface of the rear end portion 101 on which the hot melt adhesive 6 is provided to be applied to an increased frictional resistance between the end cap 3 and the rear end area 101 to effect. As compared with an example without any optical diffusion coating, the rear end portion is 101 with the diffusion film 13 beneficial to accidental release of the end cap 3 from the lamp tube 1 to prevent.

In the embodiment, the composition of the diffusion film 13 in the form of the optical diffusion coating, calcium carbonate, strontium phosphate (e.g., CMS-5000, white powder), thickener, and a ceramic activated carbon (e.g., SW-C ceramic activated carbon, which is a colorless liquid). In particular, such an optical diffusion coating on the inner peripheral surface of the glass tube has an average thickness of between about 20 to about 30 μm. The light transmission of the diffusion film 13 having this optical diffusion coating is about 90%. Generally speaking, the light transmission of the diffusion film is 13 between 85% and 95%. In addition, this diffusion film can 13 also cause electrical insulation to reduce the risk of electrical shock to a user when the lamp tube 1 breaks. Furthermore, the diffusion film creates 13 improved uniformity in the distribution of illumination through that of the LED light sources 202 output light, so that the light is the back of the light sources 202 and illuminate the side edges of the bendable circuit trace to prevent the formation of dark areas in the lamp tube 1 to avoid and to improve the lighting comfort. In another possible embodiment, the light transmission of the diffusion film may be 92% to 94% while the thickness is between about 200 to about 300 μm.

In another embodiment, the optical diffusion coating may also consist of a mixture comprising a calcium carbonate-based substance, some reflective substances such as strontium phosphate or barium sulfate, a thickening agent, ceramic activated carbon and deionized water. The mixture is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the glass tube and has an average thickness between about 20 and about 30 microns. Considering the diffusion phenomena under microscopic aspects, light is reflected by particles. The particle size of the reflective substance, such as strontium phosphate or barium sulfate, is considerably larger than the particle size of the calcium carbonate. The addition of a small amount of reflective substance to the optical diffusion coating can enhance the light diffusion effect.

In other embodiments, halo-calcium phosphate or alumina may also be used as the main material for forming the diffusion film 13 serve. The particle size of the Calcium carbonate is about 2 to 4 microns, while the particle size of the halogen-calcium phosphate and the alumina is about 4 to 6 microns and 1 to 2 microns. When a light transmittance of 85% to 92% is required while the required average thickness of the optical diffusion coating mainly comprising halide-calcium phosphate is about 25 to about 35 μm, the required average thickness of the optical diffusion coating mainly comprising alumina may be required. about 10 to about 15 microns. However, if the required light transmittance is up to 92% and even higher, the optical diffusion layer comprising calcium carbonate, halogenated calcium phosphate or alumina must be thinner.

The main material and the corresponding thickness of the optical diffusion layer may vary depending on the location where the lamp tube 1 is used, and the required light transmittance can be selected. It should be noted that the higher the required light transmittance of the diffusion film, the larger the grainy visual effect of the light sources.

As in 17 the inner circumferential surface of the lamp tube can be represented 1 also with a reflective film 12 be provided or bonded. The reflective film 12 is about the LED light sources 202 and occupies an area of an area of the inner peripheral surface of the lamp tube 1 a disposed along the circumferential direction thereof. As in 17 shown is the reflective film 12 on two sides of the LED light bar 2 in the circumferential direction of the lamp tube 1 arranged. The LED light bar 2 is located substantially in a central position of the lamp tube 1 and between the two reflective films 12 , The reflective film is for a person who looks at the lamp tube from the side (in the X direction in FIG 17 ), to the LED light sources 202 to block, so that the person the LED light sources 202 does not look directly, reducing the visual graininess effect. On the other hand, the fact that this is facilitated by the LED light sources 202 emitted light from the reflective film 12 is reflected, the control of the divergence angle of the LED tube lamp, so that more light is emitted in directions than in the absence of reflective film 12 so that the LED tube lamp has higher energy efficiency while delivering the same lighting performance.

In particular, the reflective film 12 on the inner peripheral surface of the lamp tube 1 provided, and has an opening 12a on which to record the LED light bar 2 is trained. The size of the opening 12a is equal to or slightly larger than the size of the LED light bar 2 , During assembly, the LED light sources 202 on the LED light bar 2 (a bendable circuit path) mounted on the inner surface of the lamp tube 1 is provided, and then the reflective film 12 adhering to the inner surface of the lamp tube 1 attached so that the opening 12a of the reflective film 12 the LED light bar 2 one to one and the LED light bar 2 to the outside of the reflective film 12 is exposed.

In one embodiment, the reflectance of the reflective film is 12 for the highest efficiency generally at least higher than 85%, in some embodiments higher than 90%, and in some embodiments higher than 95%. In one embodiment, the reflective film extends 12 in the circumferential direction along the length of the lamp tube 1 in that it accounts for approximately 30% to 59% of the inner peripheral surface of the lamp tube 1 occupies. In other words, the ratio of the circumferential length of the reflective film 12 along the inner peripheral surface of the lamp tube 1 to the circumferential length of the lamp tube 1 is about 0.3 to 0.5. At the in 17 illustrated embodiment is the reflective film 12 substantially in the middle along the circumferential direction of the lamp tube 1 arranged so that the two individual areas or sections of the reflective film 12 on the two sides of the LED light bar 2 are arranged to have substantially the same area. The reflective film 12 may be made of PET with some reflective materials such as strontium phosphate or barium phosphate or any combination thereof, the thickness being between about 140 μm and about 350 μm or, for a more preferred effect in some embodiments, between about 150 μm and about 220 μm. As in 18 shown in other embodiments of the reflective film 12 in the circumferential direction of the lamp tube 1 on just one side of the LED light bar 2 be provided, wherein he the same percentage of the inner surface of the lamp tube 1 (for example 15% to 25% on one side). Alternatively, the reflective film 12 like in the 19 and 20 shown without an opening, and the reflective film 12 is directly on the inner surface of the lamp tube 1 glued or fastened, and then the LED light bar 2 on the reflective film 12 is attached or fixed such that the reflective film 12 on one or two sides of the LED light bar 2 is positioned.

In the aforementioned embodiments, various types of the reflective film 12 and the diffusion film 13 be adapted to achieve optical effects including single reflection, single diffusion, and / or combined reflection / diffusion. For example, the lamp tube 1 with only the reflective film 12 be provided, and it is not a diffusion film 13 in the lamp tube 1 arranged as in the 19 . 20 and 21 shown.

In other embodiments, the width of the LED light bar 2 (In the circumferential direction of the lamp tube) are extended so that they have a peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface of the lamp tube 1 occupies. Because the LED light bar 2 on its surface has a circuit protection layer of an ink that can reflect light acts the widened part of the LED light bar 2 as for the reflective film 12 previously described. In some embodiments, the ratio is the length of the LED light bar 2 in the circumferential direction to the circumferential direction of the lamp tube 1 about 0.2 to 0.5. The light emitted by the light sources may be reflected by the widened portion of the LED light bar 2 be concentrated.

In other embodiments, the inner surface of the lamp tube made of glass may be completely provided with the optical diffusion coating or partially with the optical diffusion coating (where the reflective film 12 is applied, no optical diffusion coating is provided). Regardless of the coating method, it is better if the optical diffusion coating is on the outer surface of the rear end portion of the lamp tube 1 is applied to the end cap 3 firmly with the lamp tube 1 connect to.

In the present invention, the emitted light can be processed by said diffusion film, the reflective film, another type of sheet diffusion layer, adhesive film, or any combination thereof.

Referring again to the 2 Further, the LED tube lamp according to the embodiment of the present invention has a glue path 4 , an insulating adhesive sheet 7 and an optical adhesive sheet 8th on. The LED light bar 2 is through the glue train 4 on an inner peripheral surface of the lamp tube 1 attached. The glue train 4 may be in the form of several short pieces or a long piece. Different types of glue train 4 , the insulating adhesive sheet 7 and the optical adhesive sheet 8th may be combined to form various embodiments of the present invention.

The insulating adhesive sheet 7 is on the surface of the LED light bar 2 Applied to the LED light sources 202 is facing, leaving the LED light bar 2 is not exposed and thus electrically isolated from the external environment. When using the insulating adhesive sheet 7 are several through holes 71 in the insulating adhesive sheet 7 provided to the LED light sources 202 record accordingly so that the LED light sources 202 in the through holes 71 are attached. The material composition of the insulating adhesive sheet 7 includes vinyl silicone, hydrogen polysiloxane and alumina. The insulating adhesive sheet 7 has a thickness of between about 100 μm to about 140 μm (microns). An insulating adhesive sheet 7 with a thickness less than 100 microns usually does not produce sufficient insulating effect, while an insulating adhesive sheet 7 With a thickness of more than 140 microns can lead to waste of material.

The optical adhesive sheet 8th , which is a clear or transparent material, is on the surface of the LED light sources 202 Applied or applied to ensure optimum light transmission. After application to the LED light sources 202 can the optical adhesive sheet 8th have a granular, strip-like or web-like shape. The performance of the optical adhesive sheet 8th depends on their refractive index and thickness. The refractive index of the optical adhesive sheet 8th is between 1.22 and 1.6 in some embodiments. In some embodiments, it is better if the optical adhesive web 8th has a refractive index which is the square root of the refractive index of the housing or the cladding of the LED light sources 202 , or the square root of the refractive index of the housing or the cladding of the LED light sources 202 plus or minus 15%, to contribute to better light transmission. The housing / cladding of the LED light sources 202 is a structure for receiving and supporting the LED dies (or chips), such as an LED lead frame 202b as in 37 shown. The refractive index of the optical adhesive sheet 8th can be between 1.225 and 1.253. In some embodiments, the thickness of the optical adhesive sheet 8th between 1.1 and 1.3 mm. An optical adhesive sheet 8th with a thickness of less than 1.1 mm may not be suitable, the LED light sources 202 Cover while an optical adhesive sheet 8th with a thickness of more than 1.3 mm can reduce the light transmission and increase the material cost.

In the process of attaching the LED light sources to the LED light bar, the optical adhesive sheet first becomes 8th on the LED light sources 202 applied, after which the insulating adhesive sheet 7 on one side of the LED light bar 2 is applied; then the LED light sources 202 on the LED light bar 2 fixed or mounted; the other side of the LED light bar 2 , the mounting side of the LED light sources 202 is opposite, is by means of the adhesive sheet 4 on the inner surface of the lamp tube 1 adhesively attached and attached; Finally, the end cap 3 at the end portion of the lamp tube 1 attached, and the LED light sources 202 and the power supply 5 Be over the LED light bar 2 connected with each other. As in 22 illustrated extends the bendable circuit path 2 through the transition area 103 around with the power supply 5 soldered or wire-bonded in the traditional way, and after that becomes the end cap 3 which the in 3 or 4 or 6 having structure shown adhering to the reinforced transition region 103 by means of in 5 respectively. 7 shown method to form a finished LED tube lamp.

In this embodiment, the LED light bar 2 through the glue train 4 on an inner peripheral surface of the lamp tube 1 mounted to increase the illumination angle of the LED tube lamp and to extend the viewing angle to more than 330 degrees. By attaching the insulating adhesive sheet 7 and the optical adhesive sheet 8th will be the electrical insulation of the entire light bar 2 achieved so that no electric shock occurs, even if the lamp tube 1 broken, and thus the safety is improved.

Further, the inner circumferential surface or the outer peripheral surface of the lamp tube made of glass may be 1 covered or coated with an adhesive film (not shown) around the inside of the outside of the lamp tube made of glass 1 to insulate when the lamp tube made of glass 1 is broken. In this embodiment, the adhesive film is on the inner peripheral surface of the lamp tube 1 applied. The material of the adhesive film comprises methylvinylsilicone oil, hydrosilicone oil, xylene and calcium carbonate using xylene as an auxiliary material. The xylene volatilizes and is removed as the applied adhesive film on the inner surface of the lamp tube 1 solidifies or hardens. The xylene is mainly used to adjust the adhesion and thus to control the thickness of the applied adhesive film.

In one embodiment, in some embodiments, the thickness of the applied adhesive film is between about 100 and about 140 microns (μm). An adhesive film having a thickness of less than 100 micrometers may have an insufficient breaking strength effect on the glass tube, and thus the glass tube may crack or break. An adhesive film with a thickness of more than 140 microns can reduce the light transmittance and also increase the material cost. The thickness of the applied adhesive film may be between about 10 and about 800 micrometers (μm) unless strict requirements are made for breaking strength and light transmission.

In this embodiment, the inner peripheral surface or the outer peripheral surface of the lamp tube made of glass 1 provided with an adhesive film, so that the broken parts adhere to the adhesive film when the glass lamp is broken. Therefore, there is no penetration of the lamp tube 1 forming a through hole, which is the inside and the outside of the lamp tube 1 connects, thereby preventing a user from loading a charged object within the lamp tube to avoid electric shock 1 touched. In addition, the adhesive film is capable of scattering light and allows the passage of the light, so that the light uniformity and light transmittance of the entire LED tube lamp increases. The adhesive film can be used in combination with the adhesive sheet, the insulating adhesive sheet 7 and the optical adhesive sheet 8th may be used to form various embodiments of the present invention. Because the LED light bar 2 is designed as a bendable circuit path, no applied adhesive film is required.

Furthermore, the LED light bar 2 an elongated aluminum plate, an FR4 board, or a bendable circuit track. When the lamp tube 1 is made of glass, the use of a rigid aluminum plate or FR4 board results in a lamp tube, for example broken in two, maintaining a straight shape so that a user may get the false impression that the LED tube lamp is still usable and fully functional is, and he can easily get an electric shock when handling or installing the LED tube lamp. Due to the additional flexibility and bendability of the flexible substrate of the LED light bar 2 , solves the problem caused by the aluminum plate, the FR4 board or a conventional 3-layer flexible board with insufficient flexibility and bendability. In some embodiments, a bendable circuit trace becomes an LED lightbar 2 used as such LED light bar 2 does not allow a cracked or broken lamp tube to maintain a straight shape, thus directly indicating to the user the dysfunctionality of the LED tube lamp and avoiding possible electrical shock. The following is the LED light bar 2 used bendable circuit path described in more detail.

As in 23 shown points the LED light bar 2 in one embodiment, a bendable circuit trace having a conductive wiring layer 2a and a dielectric layer 2 B on which are arranged stacked, wherein the wiring layer 2a and the dielectric layer 2 B have the same area size. The LED light source 202 is on a surface of the wiring layer 2a arranged, the dielectric layer 2 B is on the other surface of the wiring layer 2a that from the LED light sources 202 facing away from, arranged. The wiring layer 2a is electric with the power supply 5 connected to direct DC signals (DC). The from the wiring layer 2a opposite surface of the dielectric layer 2 B Again, by means of the adhesive sheet 4 on the inner peripheral surface of the lamp tube 1 attached. The wiring layer 2a For example, a metal layer or a power supply layer may include wires, such as copper wires.

In another embodiment, the outer surface of the wiring layer 2a or the dielectric layer 2 B is covered with a circuit protection layer of an ink whose function is the resistance to soldering and the increase of the reflectance. Alternatively, the dielectric layer may be omitted, and the wiring layer may be bonded directly to the inner circumferential surface of the lamp tube, and the outer surface of the wiring layer 2a is coated with the circuit protection layer. The circuit protection layer can be used, regardless of whether the wiring layer 2a has a single or double-layered structure. The circuit protection layer may be on only one side / face of the LED light bar 2 be arranged, for example, on the surface containing the LED light source 202 having. In some embodiments, the bendable circuit trace is a single-layered structure of only one wiring layer 2a or a two-layered structure of a wiring layer 2a and a dielectric layer 2 B , and thus it is more flexible or more flexible to roll than the conventional three-layered structure (a dielectric layer between two wiring layers). As a result, the bendable circuit trace of the LED light bar 2 used in a lamp tube of custom shape or non-tubular shape, and fitted to the inner surface of the lamp tube. The bendable circuit trace closely attached to the inner surface of the lamp tube is preferable in some cases. In addition, the use of fewer layers of the bendable circuit path improves heat dissipation and reduces material costs.

However, the flexible circuit path is not limited to being single-layered or double-layered; In other embodiments, the flexible circuit trace may include multiple layers of the wiring layer 2a and a plurality of layers of the dielectric layer 2 B have, wherein the dielectric layers 2 B and the wiring layers 2a each successively stacked in a staggered manner. These stacked layers are from the surface of the outermost wiring layer 2a removed on which the LED light source 202 is provided and with the power supply 5 connected is. In addition, the length of the bendable circuit path is greater than the length of the lamp tube.

As in 48 illustrated in one embodiment, the LED light bar 2 a bendable circuit trace, which sequentially forms a first wiring layer 2a , a dielectric layer 2 B and a second wiring layer 2c having. The thickness of the second wiring layer 2c is larger than that of the first wiring layer 2a , and the length of the LED light bar 2 is larger than that of the lamp tube 1 , The end of the light bar 2 extending over the end of the lamp tube 1 without dedicated light source 202 extends, is with two separate through holes 201 and 204 provided to each of the first wiring layer 2a and the second wiring layer 2c electrically connect with each other. The through holes 203 and 204 do not communicate with each other to avoid short circuits.

In this way, the greater thickness allows the second wiring layer 2c in that the second wiring layer 2c the first wiring layer 2a and the dielectric layer 2 B carries, and at the same time is attaching the LED light bar 2 on the inner peripheral surface without risk of shifting or deformation, so that the product output can be improved. In addition, the first wiring layer 2a and the second wiring layer 2c electrically connected to each other, so that the circuit layout of the first wiring layer 2a down to the second wiring layer 2c can be extended to the circuit layout of the entire LED light bar 2 to reach. Further, because the area for the circuit layout becomes double-layered, the area of each individual layer, and therefore the width of the LED light bar, can be 2 be reduced so that more LED light bars 2 can be used in a production line to increase productivity.

Furthermore, the first wiring layer 2a and the second wiring layer 2c the end of the light bar 2 extending over the end of the lamp tube 1 without dedicated light source 202 Be used to form the circuit layout of a power module, so that the power supply module directly on the bendable circuit path of the LED light bar 2 can be arranged.

Like in the 2 shown points the LED light bar 2 in one embodiment, a plurality of LED light sources mounted thereon 202 on, and the endcap 3 has a power supply installed in it 5 on. The LED light sources 202 and the power supply 5 are through the LED light bar 2 electrically connected. The power supply 5 For example, a single integrated unit (ie, all of the power supply components are integrated into one module unit) may be in one end cap 3 is installed. Alternatively, the power supply 5 divided into two separate units (ie, all components of the power supply are divided into two parts), which are in two end caps 3 are installed. If only one end of the lamp tube 1 amplified by a glass annealing process, it may be beneficial to the power supply 5 as a single integrated unit and in the end cap 3 to install, which the reinforced end of the lamp tube 1 equivalent.

The power supply 5 can be produced in different ways. For example, the power supply 5 an encapsulation body formed by injection molding a silica gel having a high heat conductivity of more than 0.7w / m · k. This type of power supply has the advantages of good electrical insulation, good heat dissipation, and a regular shape that matches other components in an array. Alternatively, the power supply 5 in the end caps, be a board with components that are directly exposed or packaged by means of a conventional heat shrink wrap. The power supply according to some embodiments of the present invention may include a single board provided with a power supply module, as in FIG 23 shown, or be a single integrated unit, as in 38 shown.

As in the 2 and 38 shown is the power supply 5 in one embodiment of the present invention with a plug 51 at one end and a metal pin 52 provided at the other end, with one end of the LED light bar 2 accordingly with a socket 201 is provided, and the end cap 3 with a hollow conductive pin 301 is provided, which is provided for connection to an external power source. In particular, the plug 51 fitting in the socket 201 the LED light bar 2 plugged in while the metal pins 52 fitting in the hollow conductive pins 201 the end cap 3 are plugged in. The plug 51 and the socket 201 serve as connectors between the power supply 5 and the LED light bar 2 , When inserting the metal pin 502 becomes the hollow conductive pin 301 punched with an external punch to be slightly deformed, leaving the metal pin 502 the power supply 5 in the hollow conductive pen 301 attached and electrically connected to this. When the electric power is turned on, the electric current flows successively through the hollow conductive pin 301 , the metal pin 502 , the plug 501 and the socket 201 to turn on the LED light bar 2 to arrive and to the LED light sources 202 to get. However, the power supply is 5 according to the present invention not to the in 38 limited illustrated modular type. The power supply may be a board provided with a power supply module and electrically connected to the LED light bar 2 about the combination of the aforementioned plug 51 and the socket 52 connected is.

In another embodiment, instead of the plug 51 and the socket 52 A traditional wire bonding technique can be used to any type of power supply 5 and the LED light bar 2 to connect with each other. Further, the wires may be wrapped with an electrically insulating sleeve to protect a user from electrical shock. However, the bonded wires are liable to break during transportation and therefore may cause quality problems.

In further embodiments, the connection between the power supply 5 and the LED light bar 2 be achieved by tin soldering, riveting or welding. A way of attaching the LED light bar 2 is it, the glue train 4 to fix on one side thereof and the LED light bar 2 on the inner surface of the lamp tube 1 through the glue train 4 liable to be attached. Two ends of the LED light bar 2 can either be on the inner surface of the lamp tube 1 be attached or detached from this.

If two ends of the LED light bar 2 on the inner surface of the lamp tube 1 attached, it may be advantageous if the bendable circuit path of the LED light bar 2 with the socket 201 is provided and the power supply with the plug 51 is provided to the connection between the LED light bar 2 and the power supply 5 manufacture. In this case, the plug becomes 51 the power supply 5 into the socket 201 used to make the electrical connection.

If two ends of the LED light bar 2 detached from the inner surface of the lamp tube and the LED light bar 2 with the power supply 5 is connected by wire bonding, any movement during subsequent transport is likely to cause breakage of the bonded wires. A preferred option for the connection between the LED light bar 2 and the power supply 5 could therefore be soldering. Referring to 22 are in detail the ends of the LED light bar 2 having the bendable circuit trace disposed so as to extend over the reinforced transition region 103 extend and immediately with an output terminal of the power supply 5 be soldered so that the product quality is improved without the use of wires. In this way are the female connector 201 and the plug 51 , each for the LED light bar 2 and the power supply 5 are no longer required.

As in 24 represented can be an output terminal of the board of the power supply 5 Solder pads have "a", which are provided with a quantity of solder tin in a thickness sufficient to form a solder joint later. Accordingly, the ends of the LED light bar 2 Soldering islands have "b". The solder pads "a" at the output terminal of the power supply board 5 become by means of the solder of the soldering islands "a" with the soldering islands "b" of the LED light strip 2 soldered. The solder pads "a" and the solder pads "b" can face each other during soldering, so that the connection between the LED light bar 2 and the power supply board 5 as firm as possible. However, this type of soldering requires a thermo-compression head on the back surface of the LED light bar 2 pushes and heats the solder, ie the LED light bar 2 is located between the thermocompression head and the solder, which can easily cause reliability problems. As in 30 a through-hole can be represented in each of the solder pads "b" on the LED light bar 2 to allow the solder pads "b" to overlap the solder pads "a" without being opposed to each other, and the thermocompression head directly presses on the solder of the solder pads "a" on the surface of the power supply board 5 when the solder pads "a" and the solder pads "b" are aligned. This is easy to do in practice.

Referring again to 24 are two ends of the LED light bar 2 coming from the inner surface of the lamp tube 1 are resolved as freely extending areas 21 formed while most of the LED light bar 2 on the inner surface of the lamp tube 1 attached and attached. One of the freely extending end areas 21 has the solder pads "b" as described above. When installing the LED tube lamp, the freely extending end portions 21 along with the solder connection of the power supply board 5 and the LED light bar 2 rolled, bent or deformed to fit in the lamp tube 1 to be included. If the bendable circuit path of the LED light bar 2 in the said sequence, the first wiring layer 2a , the dielectric layer 2 B and the second wiring layer 2c has, as in 48 shown, the freely extending end portions 21 used to connect the first wiring layer 2a and the second wiring layer 2c manufacture and the circuit layout of the power supply 5 to arrange.

In this embodiment, the solder pads "b" and solder pads "a" and the LED light sources are located 202 while connecting the LED light bar 2 and the power supply 5 on surfaces that are directed in the same direction, and the solder pads "b" of the LED light bar 2 are each provided with a through hole "e", as in 30 in that the solder pads "b" and the solder pads "a" are connected to each other via the through holes "e". When the freely extending end portions 21 deformed by contraction or rolling, the solder joint of the board exerts the power supply 5 and the LED light bar 2 a lateral voltage on the power supply 5 out. Furthermore, the solder connection of the board exerts the power supply 5 and the LED light bar 2 in comparison with the situation in which the solder pads "a" of the power supply 5 and the soldering pads "b" of the LED light bar 2 facing each other, also a downward voltage on the power supply 5 out. This downward voltage on the power supply 5 comes from the solder in the through holes "e" and forms a firmer and safer electrical connection between the LED light bar 2 and the power supply 5 ,

As in 25 illustrated is in one embodiment in the solder pads "b" of the LED light bar 2 by two separate solder pads for electrically connecting the positive and the negative electrodes of the flexible circuit path of the LED light strip 2 , The size of the solder pads "b" may be, for example, about 3.5 × 2 mm ² . The circuit board of the power supply 5 is correspondingly provided with soldering pads "a" with additional solder, and the height of the solder suitable for a subsequent automatic solder bonding operation is generally, for example, about 0.1 to 0.7 mm, in some embodiments about 0.3 to 0 , 5 mm, and in some even more preferred embodiments about 0.4 mm. An electrically insulating through hole "c" may be formed between the two solder pads "b" to insulate the two solder pads and prevent an electrical short between them during soldering. Further, an additional positioning hole "d" may also be provided behind the electrically insulating through hole "c" to allow an automatic soldering machine to quickly recognize the position of the soldering pads "b".

To achieve scalability and compatibility, the number of solder pads can be "b" at each end of the LED light bar 2 be more than one, ie, for example, two, three, four or more than four. If only one solder pad "b" at each end of the LED light bar 2 is provided, the two ends of the LED light bar 2 with the power supply 5 electrically connected to form a circle, and various electrical components can be used. For example, a capacitance may be replaced by an inductor to perform current regulation. As in the 26 to 28 can be shown when each end of the LED light bar 2 having three solder pads, the third solder pad to be connected to ground; if any end of the LED light bar 2 has four solder pads, the fourth solder pad can be used as a signal input terminal. Accordingly, the power supply should be 5 the number of solder pads "a" equal to the solder pads "b" on the LED light bar 2 , As long as an electrical short between the solder pads "b" can be prevented, the solder pads "b" should be arranged according to the size of the actual area available; For example, three solder pads can be arranged in a row or in two rows. In other embodiments, the number of solder joints "b" on the bendable circuit trace of the LED light bar 2 by a different arrangement of the circuits on the bendable circuit path of the LED light bar 2 be reduced. The smaller the number of solder pads, the easier the manufacturing process. On the other hand, a larger number of solder pads, the electrical connection between the LED light bar 2 and the output terminal of the power supply 5 improve and secure.

As in 30 In another embodiment, the solder pads "b" are each provided with a through hole "e" having a diameter of substantially approximately 1 to 2 mm, in some embodiments approximately 1.2 to 1.8 mm, and in some other embodiments of about 1.5 mm. The through-hole "e" connects the soldering island "a" to the soldering island "b" so that the solder of the soldering pads "a" passes through the through-holes "e" and finally reaches the soldering pads "b". A smaller through hole "e" would complicate the flow of solder. The solder collects on leaving the through holes "e" around the through holes "e" and solidifies to form a solder ball "g" having a diameter larger than that of the through holes "e" after solidification. Such a solder ball "g" acts as a rivet to further increase the stability of the electrical connection between the solder pads "a" of the power supply 5 and the soldering pads "b" of the LED light bar 2 ,

As in the 31 to 32 shown in other embodiments, the solder when the distance from the through hole "e" to the side edge of the LED light bar 2 is smaller than 1 mm, flow through the through hole "e" to accumulate on the circumference of the through hole "e", and excess solder can pass over the soldering pads "b" to run along the sides of the LED light strip 2 to flow and with the solder of the solder pads "a" of the power supply 5 to unite. The solder then solidifies to form a rivet-like structure around the LED light bar 2 stuck with the power supply board 5 connect so that a reliable electrical connection is achieved. As in the 33 and 34 For example, in another embodiment, the through-hole "e" may be replaced by a notch "f" formed on the side edge of the solder pads "b" to allow the solder to flow readily through the notch "f" and to engage the periphery of the notch "f "To accumulate, and during solidification to form a solder ball with a diameter greater than that of the notch" e ". Such a solder ball may be shaped like a C-shaped rivet to improve the safety of the electrical connection structure.

The said through-hole "e" or the notch "f" may be soldered or punched directly by means of an in 40 thermocompression head are formed during soldering. The portion of the thermocompression head provided for contact with the solder may be planar, concave or convex, or formed in any combination of the aforementioned shapes. The area of the thermocompression head used to hold the object to be soldered, such as the LED light bar 2 is provided, may be strip-like or lattice-like. The portion of the thermo-compression head provided for contact with the solder does not completely cover the through-hole "e" or the notch "f" to ensure that the solder can flow through the through-hole "e" or the notch "f" , The concave portion of the thermocompression head may serve as a space for receiving the solder ball.

As in 40 there is a thermocompression head shown 41 , which connects the solder pads "a" to the power supply 5 and the solder pads "b" of the LED light bar 2 is used, mainly of four sections: a bonding plane 411 , several concave guide tanks 412 , several concave shaped tanks 413 and a holding plane 414 , The bonding level 411 is a point that actually touches, presses and heats the solder to perform a solder bond. The bonding level 411 may be flat, concave or convex, or formed in any combination of said shapes. The concave guide tanks 412 are in the bonding plane 411 formed and near an edge of the bonding plane 411 open to guide the heated and molten solder to flow into the through holes or notches formed in the solder pads. For example, the management tanks 412 have the function of guiding and stopping the molten solder. The concave melting tanks 413 are next to the management tanks 412 arranged and have a more recessed concave area than the management tanks 412 on top, leaving the concave shaped tanks 413 each form a housing for receiving a solder ball. The holding plane 414 is an area near the bond plane 411 and is with the concave shaped tanks 413 educated. The holding plane 414 lies lower than the bonding level 411 so that the holding plane 414 the LED light bar 2 firmly to the board of the power supply 5 presses while the bonding plane 411 while soldering presses onto the soldering pads "b". The holding plane 414 can be formed on the surface strip-like or lattice-like. The height difference between the bonding plane 411 and the holding plane 414 corresponds to the thickness of the LED light bar 2 ,

As in the 41 . 25 and 40 shown are solder pads, which correspond to the solder pads of the LED light bar, on the board of the power supply 5 formed and solder is provided for subsequent soldering by means of an automatic solder bonding machine on the solder pads of the board of the power supply. The solder in some embodiments has a thickness of about 0.3 to about 0.5 mm, such that the LED light bar 2 stuck with the power supply board 5 can be connected. As in 41 is shown when a difference in height between two Lötzinnstellen connected to two solder pads of the board of the power supply 5 are provided, the higher of the thermocompression head 41 first touched and melted, while the other is first touched and begins to melt when the higher was melted to the same height as the other. This usually causes an unsafe soldering of the intended solder of lesser height and thus affects the electrical connection between the LED light bar 2 and the power supply board 5 , To solve this problem, one embodiment applies the principle of kinetic balance and sees a linkage mechanism on the thermocompression head 41 before turning the thermocompression head 41 during soldering, allowing the thermocompression head 41 The two soldering pads provided first begin to heat and melt when the thermocompression head 41 Recognizes that the pressure on the two intended Lötzinnstellen is the same.

In the aforementioned embodiment, the thermocompression head 41 rotatable while the LED light bar 2 and the power supply board 5 remain unmoved. As in 42 the thermocompression head is shown 41 not moved while the LED light bar can rotate. In this embodiment, the LED light bar 2 and the power supply board 5 on a soldering frame 60 arranged, which has a rotatable platform 61 , a frame holder 62 , a rotary shaft 63 and two elastic elements 64 having. The rotatable platform 61 serves to the LED light bar 2 and the power supply board 5 to wear. The rotatable platform 61 is about the rotary shaft 63 movable on the frame holder 62 attached so that the rotatable platform 61 is able to relate to the frame holder 62 to turn while the frame holder 62 the rotatable platform 61 carries and holds. The two elastic elements 64 are on two sides of the rotatable shaft 62 arranged so that the rotatable platform 61 in conjunction with the rotatable shaft 63 always stays in the horizontal plane when the rotatable platform 61 not loaded. In this embodiment, the elastic members 64 for example, springs and the ends thereof are corresponding to the two ends of the rotatable shaft 63 arranged so that they serve as two pivot points on the frame holder 62 serve. As in 42 is shown when two on the LED light bar 2 provided Lötzinnstellen on which the thermocompression head 41 presses, not have the same height, the rotatable platform 61 which the LED light bar 2 and the power supply board 5 carries, through the rotatable shaft 63 driven until the thermocompression head 41 detects the same pressure on the two Lötzinnstellen and then starts a soldering. As in 43 be shown when the rotatable platform 61 turns, the elastic elements 64 compressed or pulled, and when the driving force of the rotary shaft 63 is finished, the rotatable platform returns 61 by the restoring force of the elastic elements 64 back to the original height level when the soldering is finished.

In other embodiments, the rotatable platform 61 be designed such that they have mechanisms without the rotatable shaft 63 and the elastic elements 64 having. For example, the rotatable platform 61 be designed so that it has drive motors and active rotary mechanisms, which is why the frame holder 62 is maintained. Any other embodiment which teaches the principle of kinetic balance for driving the LED light bar 2 and the power supply board 5 used to move them, so that the soldering process can be completed, therefore falls within the scope of the present invention.

As in the 35 and 36 shown in another embodiment, the LED light bar 2 and the power supply 5 be joined together by a board assembly 25 is used instead of soldering. The board layout 25 has a long circuit path 251 and a short board 253 on which are adhesively bonded together, with the short board 253 the side edge of the long circuit 251 is adjacent. The short board 253 can with a power supply module 250 be provided to the power supply 5 to build. The short board 253 is stiffer or stiffer than the long circuit path 251 to the power supply module 250 to be able to carry.

The long circuit track 251 can the bendable circuit path of the LED light bar with a wiring layer 2a to 23 be. The wiring layer 2a the long circuit 251 and the power supply module 250 can be electrically connected in various ways depending on the practical requirements. As in 35 represented are the power supply module 250 and the long circuit path 251 with the wiring layer disposed on the surface 2a on the same side of the short board 253 so that the power supply module 250 directly with the long circuit 251 connected is. As in 36 alternatively, the power supply module can be shown 250 and the long circuit path 251 with the wiring layer disposed on the surface 2a on opposite sides of the short board 253 be arranged so that the power supply module 250 directly with the short board 253 and indirectly with the wiring layer 2a the LED light bar 2 by means of the short board 253 connected is.

As in 35 illustrated in one embodiment, the long circuit path 251 and the short board 253 first adhered to each other, and the power module 250 is then on the wiring layer 2a the long circuit 251 mounted as an LED light bar 2 serves. The long circuit track 251 the LED light bar 2 is not limited to this, only one wiring layer 2a and may further comprise another wiring layer such as those in 48 illustrated wiring layer 2c exhibit. The light sources 202 be on the wiring layer 2a the LED light bar 2 arranged and electrically connected to the power supply 5 over the wiring layer 2a connected. As in 36 can show the long circuit path 251 the LED light bar 2 in another embodiment, a wiring layer 2a and a dielectric layer 2 B exhibit. The dielectric layer 2 B can first stick to the short board 253 be attached, and the wiring layer 2a then becomes adherent to the dielectric layer 2 B connected and extends to the short board 253 , All of these embodiments fall within the scope of the application of the board layout concept of the present invention.

In the aforementioned embodiments, the short board 253 have a length that is substantially about 15 mm to about 40 mm, and in some embodiments about 19 mm to about 36 mm, while the long circuit path 251 may have a length of substantially about 800 mm to about 2800 mm and in some embodiments about 1200 mm to about 2400 mm. The ratio of the length of the short board 253 to the length of the long circuit path 251 For example, it is between about 1:20 and about 1: 200.

When the ends of the LED light bar 2 not on the inner surface of the lamp tube 1 The connection between the LED light bar can be fixed 2 and the power supply 5 by soldering the power supply 5 not sufficiently secure, and it may be necessary to power 5 in the end cap 3 to arrange. For example, a longer end cap could 3 be required to have enough room to record the power supply 5 to have. However, this reduces the length of the lamp tube, provided that the total length of the LED tube lamp is set according to the product standard, and thus, a decrease in the effective illumination area may occur.

As in 39 In one embodiment, a hard board is shown 22 made of aluminum instead of the bendable circuit board, so that the ends or connections of the hard board 22 at the ends of the lamp tube 1 can be attached, and the power supply 5 is with one end or one connection of the hard board 22 connected in a manner in which the board of the power supply 5 not parallel, but perpendicular to the hard board 22 runs to save space required for the end cap in the longitudinal direction. This soldering technique is easier to implement and the effective illumination area of the LED tube lamp can also be maintained. Furthermore, a ladder 53 for electrical connection with the end cap 3 directly on the power supply 5 be formed without other metal wires between the power supply 5 and the hollow conductive pin 301 to solder like in 3 shown, and the production of the LED tube lamp is simplified in this way.

As in 37 illustrated in one embodiment, each of the LED light sources 202 with a LED lead frame 202b , a recess 202a and one in the recess 202a arranged LED chip 18 Mistake be. The number of recesses 202a can be one or more than one. The recess 202a can be filled with phosphor, which is the LED chip 18 covered to convert this emitted light into a desired light color. In comparison with a conventional LED chip, which is essentially square, the LED chip is 18 in this embodiment, in some embodiments, rectangular, wherein the dimension of the length side to the width side is a ratio in a range of substantially about 2: 1 to about 10: 1, in some embodiments in a range of about 2.5: 1 to about 5 1 and, in some preferred embodiments, in a range of about 3: 1 to 4.5: 1. Furthermore, the LED chip 18 arranged in some embodiments so that its longitudinal extent along the longitudinal direction of the lamp tube 1 extends to the average current density of the LED chip 18 increase and the overall lighting field shape of the lamp tube 1 to improve. The lamp tube 1 Can be a number of LED light sources 202 which are arranged in one or more rows, and each row of the LED light sources 202 is along the longitudinal direction (Y direction) of the lamp tube 1 arranged.

Referring again to the 37 is the recess 202a of two parallel first side walls 15 and two parallel second sidewalls 16 enclosed, with the first parallel side walls 15 lower than the second parallel sidewalls 16 are. The first two side walls 15 are arranged so that they are in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) of the lamp tube 1 located in the width direction (X direction) of the lamp tube 1 extend, and the two second side walls 16 are arranged so that they extend in the width direction (X direction) of the lamp tube 1 located and in the longitudinal direction (Y-direction) of the lamp tube 1 extend. The extension direction of the first side walls 15 must be substantially parallel, not exactly parallel to the width direction (X direction) of the lamp tube 1 may be, and the first side walls may have various configurations such as zigzag, curved, wavy and the like. Similarly, it is only necessary that the extension direction of the second side walls be substantially parallel, rather than exactly parallel to the longitudinal direction (Y direction) of the lamp tube 1 runs, and the second side walls may have various configurations such as zigzag, curved, wavy and the like. In a row of LED light sources 202 may be the arrangement of the first side walls 15 and the second side walls 16 be the same or different for each of the LED light sources.

Because the first side walls 15 lower than the second side walls 16 and with an arrangement at suitable distances, the LED lead frame allows 202b the scattering of the illumination light, making this the LED lead frame 202b crosses without causing any unpleasant visual impact on people looking at the Y-direction LED tube lamp. The first side walls 15 however, may be lower than the second sidewalls; and in this case, the respective rows of the LED light sources 202 arranged closer together to prevent grainy effects. On the other hand, when a user of the LED tube lamp views the lamp tube thereof in the X direction, the second sidewalls may 16 also block the line of sight of the user so that he can see the LED light sources 202 can not see, which reduces unpleasant grainy effects.

Referring again to 37 have the first side walls 15 each an inner surface 15a on, the outside of the recess 202a is facing. The inner surface 25a may be formed as an inclined plane, so that the illumination light, the first side walls 15 easy to cross and spread. The oblique plane of the inner surface 15a may be flat or curved or have a combined shape. When the inclined plane is flat, the inclination of the inner surface is sufficient 15a from about 30 degrees to about 60 degrees. The included angle between the bottom surface of the recess 202a and the inner surface 15a may thus be between about 120 degrees and about 150 degrees. In some embodiments, the inclination of the inner surface 15a between about 15 degrees and about 75 degrees, and the included angle between the bottom surface of the recess 202a and the inner surface 15a can thus be between about 105 degrees and about 165 degrees.

It can have one or more rows of LED light sources 202 in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) of the lamp tube 1 be arranged. In one row, in one embodiment, the second side walls are 16 the LED lead frame 202b all LED light sources 202 arranged in the same row, arranged in the same straight line to form two walls each, which obstruct the line of sight of a user, who the light sources 202 sees. For multiple rows, in one embodiment, only the LED lead frames are 202b the LED light sources 202 arranged in the two outermost rows, arranged in the same straight lines to form respective walls which block the line of sight of a user who blocks the light sources 202 sees. The LED lead frame 202b the LED light sources 202 , which are arranged in the other rows, may have different arrangements. Regarding the middle row (third row) arranged LED light sources 202 can their LED lead frame 202b For example, be arranged such that each LED lead frame 202b first side walls 15 extending in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) of the lamp tube 1 are arranged, wherein the second side walls 16 in the width direction (X direction) of the lamp tube 1 are arranged; or any LED lead frame 202b is with first sidewalls 15 provided in the width direction (X direction) of the lamp tube 1 are arranged, wherein the second side walls 16 in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) of the lamp tube 1 are arranged; or the LED lead frame 202b are arranged offset. To reduce grainy effects caused by the LED light sources 202 may be caused when a user of the LED tube lamp views the lamp tube thereof in the X direction, it may suffice the second side walls 16 the LED lead frame 202b the LED light sources 202 Provide in the outermost two rows to block the line of sight of a user, so that this the light sources 202 does not see. There may be other arrangements of the second side walls 16 the LED lead frame 202b one or more LED light sources 202 used in the outermost two rows.

In summary, if multiple LED light sources 202 in a row in the longitudinal direction of the lamp tube 1 are arranged, the second side walls 16 the LED lead frame 202b all LED light sources 202 which are arranged in the same row, are arranged in the same straight line, respectively, to form walls to obstruct the line of sight of a user, so that the light sources 202 does not see. When more of the LED light sources 202 in a number of rows in the width direction of the lamp tube 1 are provided and extending in the longitudinal direction of the lamp tube 1 can extend, the second side walls 16 the LOED ladder frame 202b all LED light sources 202 located in the two outermost rows, are arranged in straight lines to each form walls that obstruct the line of sight of a user, so that the light sources 202 does not see. The one or more rows arranged between the outermost rows may have an arrangement of the first side walls 15 and the second side walls 16 which is equal to or different from that of the outermost rows.

The LED tube lamps according to various embodiments of the present description have been described above. With respect to an entire LED tube lamp, features such as "provided with the structurally reinforced end portion"; "Using the bendable track as LED light bar"; "Applying the adhesive film on the inner surface of the lamp tube"; "Applying the diffusion film on the inner surface of the lamp tube"; "Applying the diffusion film in the form of a web over the LED light sources"; "Applying the reflective film on the inner surface of the lamp tube"; "The end cap with the heat-conducting element"; "The end cap with the magnetic metal element"; "The LED light source with the lead frame"; and "using the LED light bar and power supply board assembly" may in practice be applied either individually or together so that only one feature or number of features will find practical application simultaneously.

Further, each of the features includes "provided with the structurally reinforced end portion"; "Using the bendable track as LED light bar"; "Applying the adhesive film on the inner surface of the lamp tube"; "Applying the diffusion film on the inner surface of the lamp tube"; "Applying the diffusion film in the form of a web over the LED light sources"; "Applying the reflective film on the inner surface of the lamp tube"; "The end cap with the heat-conducting element"; "The end cap with the magnetic metal element"; "The LED light source with the lead frame"; and "using the LED light bar and power supply board assembly", any related technical items and their variants and any combinations thereof as described in the preceding embodiments of the present invention. For example, the feature "provided with the structurally reinforced end portion" may include: "the lamp tube has a main body portion, a plurality of rear end portions and a transition region connecting the main body portion and the rear end portions, the two ends of the transition portion being in cross section along the axial direction the lamp tube are arcuate; the rear end portions are each inserted in end caps; the outer diameter of at least one of the rear end portions is smaller than the outer diameter of the main body portion; the end caps have the same outer diameter as the main body region ".

For example, the feature "using the bendable circuit trace as an LED light bar" may include: the connection between the bendable circuit trace and the power supply is by wire bonding or soldering; the bendable circuit trace has a wiring layer and a dielectric layer stacked; the bendable circuit trace has a circuit protection layer of ink for reflecting light, and has a widened part in the circumferential direction of the lamp tube serving as a reflective film. "

For example, the feature "applying the diffusion film to the inner surface of the lamp tube" may include: "the composition of the diffusion film comprises calcium carbonate, strontium phosphate and alumina or any combination thereof, and may further comprise thickening agent and a ceramic activated carbon; the diffusion film may be a web covering the LED light source. "

For example, the feature "applying the reflective film to the inner surface of the lamp tube" may include: "the LED light sources are disposed over the reflective film, in an aperture of the reflective film, or adjacent to the reflective film."

For example, the feature may include "the end cap with the heat-conducting element": the end cap has an electrically insulating tube; the hot melt adhesive is partially or completely filled in the receiving space between the inner surface of the thermally conductive element and the outer surface of the lamp tube. " The feature "the metal magnetic element end cap" includes: "the magnetic metal element is circular or non-circular, has openings or depressions / embossments to face the contact surface between the inner peripheral surface of the electrically insulating tube and the outer surface of the magnetic metal element Supporting portions and projecting portions for supporting the magnetic metal member or for reducing the contact area between the electrically insulating pipe and the magnetic metal member ".

For example, the feature may include "the LED light source with the lead frame": the lead frame has a recess for receiving an LED chip; the recess is enclosed by first side walls and second side walls, the first side walls being lower than the second side walls, the first side walls being arranged longitudinally of the lamp tube, while the second side walls are arranged widthwise of the lamp tube ".

For example, the feature "using the LED light bar and power supply board assembly" may include: "the board assembly has a long circuit trace and a short circuit board adhesively bonded together, with the short die adjacent to the side edge of the long circuit trace is; the short board is provided with a power supply module to form the power supply; the short board is stiffer than the long circuit track ". The foregoing features of the present invention can be realized in any combination to improve the LED tube lamp, and the aforementioned embodiments are described only as examples. The present invention is not limited thereto, and numerous variations are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope defined in the following claims.

Claims (10)

LED tube lamp with: a tube; an LED light bar arranged in the tube, an inner surface of which is provided with at least one LED light bar; an end cap attached over one end of the tube; and a power supply disposed in the end cap and electrically connected to the LED light source via the LED light bar; wherein the power supply comprises a first board and a power supply module mounted on the first board, the LED light strip having a second board having a length greater than that of the first board, and wherein the first board and the second board are adhesively bonded together are to form a board assembly. LED tube lamp make claim 1, wherein the first board is a hard board. LED tube lamp make claim 1, wherein the power supply module and the second board are arranged on the same side of the first board. LED tube lamp claim claim 1, wherein the power supply module and the second board are arranged on opposite sides of the first board. LED tube lamp claim 1, wherein the second circuit board has a wiring layer and a dielectric layer, and the power supply module is electrically connected to the first circuit board and the first circuit board is electrically connected to the wiring layer. LED tube lamp claim 1, wherein the second circuit board has a wiring layer and a dielectric layer, and wherein the power supply module is electrically connected directly to the wiring layer. LED tube lamp with: a tube; an LED light bar arranged in the tube, an inner surface of which is provided with at least one LED light bar; an end cap attached over one end of the tube; and a power supply disposed in the end cap and electrically connected to the LED light source via the LED light bar; wherein the power supply comprises a hard board having a power supply module mounted thereon, the LED light strip having a bendable circuit trace having a length greater than that of the hard board, and wherein the hard circuit board and the bendable circuit trace are adhesively bonded together to form a board assembly, wherein the hard board is adjacent to the side edges of the bendable circuit path. The LED tube lamp of claim 7, wherein the power supply module and the bendable circuit trace are disposed on the same side of the hard board, and wherein the power supply module is directly electrically connected to the bendable circuit trace. A LED tube lamp claim 7, wherein the power supply module and the bendable circuit path are disposed on opposite sides of the hard board, respectively, and wherein the power supply module is directly electrically connected to the hard board. LED tube lamp with: a tube; two end caps mounted over two ends of the tube; a power supply disposed in at least one of the end caps and mounted on a circuit board; and an in-tube LED light bar having a bendable circuit trace with LED light sources mounted thereon; wherein the LED light sources and the power supply are electrically connected to each other by means of the bendable circuit path; wherein the bendable circuit trace has a length greater than the length of the tube and the circuit board, and wherein the circuit board is adjacent to the side edges of the bendable circuit trace and is adhesively bonded to the flexible circuit trace.

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