DE112015000025B4 - Hydraulic excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

A hydraulic excavator (1) comprising: an undercarriage (2); an uppercarriage (3) rotatably installed on the undercarriage (2); a hinged floor (6) provided on the uppercarriage (3); an exhaust gas Aftertreatment device (10) which is arranged to purify exhaust gas emitted by an engine (7); an engine casing (31) which houses the engine (7), a cooling unit (8) which is attached to a first side of the engine ( 7) is arranged in a vehicle width direction to cool the engine (7), and a hydraulic pump (9), which is arranged on a second side of the engine (7) in the vehicle width direction and from the engine (7) a removable protective cover (11) which covers a portion of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10) which is exposed when the hinged floor (6) is unfolded, the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10) in the engine cowling (31) above the Hydraulic pump (9) is arranged and a longitudinal direction of the exhaust gas aftertreatment a support plate (33) which is arranged in the engine cowling (31) above the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10) in order to support the folding floor (6); and a rotating frame (30) provided on the upper carriage (3), the protective cover (11) facing from a front edge of the support plate (33) formed on a front side of the support plate (33) in the vehicle longitudinal direction an upper part of the rotating frame (30).

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to a hydraulic excavator.

Technical background

A known construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator is equipped with an exhaust aftertreatment device that traps particulate matter in exhaust gas from an engine in order to comply with exhaust emission regulations. The JP 2008-156 835 A discloses, for example, a large hydraulic excavator in which an exhaust gas aftertreatment device, which includes a diesel particulate filter and an SCR (selective reduction catalyst) catalyst, is arranged in a recess of a ballast weight.

In contrast to this, a compact hydraulic excavator is usually equipped with a small ballast or counterweight which, due to the need to ensure the mass of the counterweight, is unlikely to be provided with a recess. Therefore, in such a compact hydraulic excavator, an exhaust after-treatment device cannot be disposed in the recess as in the large hydraulic excavator. However, if an exhaust aftertreatment device protruded upward from an engine cowling, it would impair rearward visibility. Accordingly, one in the JP 2012-117 249 A disclosed compact hydraulic excavator an exhaust aftertreatment device incorporated in the engine cowling.

In order to remove the exhaust gas aftertreatment device from the JP 2012-117 249 A disclosed compact hydraulic excavator, an upper outer cover of the engine cowling is removed to expose the exhaust after-treatment device, and then the exhaust after-treatment device, after being horizontally moved to a predetermined position, is lifted with a crane.

From the JP 2007-056 627 A it is known to provide an exhaust manifold and a muffler with a cover.

The JP 2013-002 236 A and the JP 2007-062 506 A describe excavators with a hinged floor provided on an upper structure of the excavator.

2010-007 525 A describes a cover arranged between an engine and a hydraulic pump of a construction machine, with an exhaust gas treatment device being attached to the cover.

The US 2010/0275588 A1 describes an excavator with an engine to which a support member is attached. Units for vibration isolation are arranged between this support element and an attachment element of an exhaust gas treatment device.

Summary of the invention

Problem (s) to be solved with the invention

Some compact hydraulic excavators that incorporate a drop-down floor that is configured to fold forward a cab or open cab in which an operator is seated have the following problems.

For example, a rear portion of the hinged floor in a folded-up state overlaps a front portion of the upper side of an engine cover, so that the upper side of the engine cover cannot be fully opened. As a result, a rope of the crane or the raised exhaust gas aftertreatment device are / is obstructed by the rear section of the folded-up floor, which leads to inadequate serviceability. Accordingly, it is desirable that the exhaust gas aftertreatment device is arranged above a hydraulic pump in the vicinity of a side surface of a vehicle body, so that the exhaust gas aftertreatment device can be removed to a side surface of the vehicle body.

Furthermore, in the case of a hydraulic excavator with the folding floor, an operator has to go under the folded up folding floor to check devices. However, the exhaust aftertreatment device disposed near the side surface of the vehicle body is exposed when the hinged floor is folded up, so that the operator is likely to come into contact with the exhaust aftertreatment device. Therefore, since the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, the temperature of which does not easily drop when the exhaust gas aftertreatment device is heated, is exposed at a short distance, maintenance of other components can only be started when the temperature is raised even if the hinged floor is raised the exhaust aftertreatment device has dropped. Therefore, components other than the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, such as the engine, have the vicinity of the engine cowling and an arrangement that can be used by one Rotating frame of an undercarriage is surrounded, no excellent serviceability.

An object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic excavator which is excellent in ease of maintenance when a drop-down floor is opened.

Means of solving the problem (s)

According to one aspect of the invention, a hydraulic excavator includes an undercarriage, an uppercarriage rotatably installed on the undercarriage, a hinged floor provided on the uppercarriage, an exhaust gas after-treatment device configured to purify exhaust gas emitted from an engine , an engine cowl that houses the engine, a cooling unit that is disposed on a first side of the engine in a vehicle-width direction to cool the engine, and a hydraulic pump that is disposed on a second side of the engine in the vehicle-width direction and is driven by the engine, as well as a removable protective cover that covers a portion of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device that is exposed when the hinged floor is unfolded, wherein the exhaust gas aftertreatment device is arranged in the engine cover above the hydraulic pump and a longitudinal direction of the exhaust gas Aftertreatment device in a vehicle longitudinal direction ve r runs.

In the hydraulic excavator according to the aspect described above, the exhaust after-treatment device is covered by the protective cover. Therefore, even if the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment device is not sufficiently decreased after the engine is stopped, the protective cover can retain heat radiated from the exhaust aftertreatment device, so that maintenance of components other than the exhaust aftertreatment device can be started with excellent serviceability.

Furthermore, when the hinged bottom is opened, the exhaust gas aftertreatment device is exposed in a working space that is created by removing the protective cover. The exhaust gas aftertreatment device can thus be pulled into the working space and removed from the engine cowling, whereby the maintenance of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device is facilitated.

In the aspect described above, the hydraulic excavator further includes a support plate disposed in the engine cover above the exhaust gas aftertreatment device to support the folding floor, and a rotating frame provided on the upper structure, with the protective cover extending from a leading edge of the support plate , which is formed on a front side of the support plate in the vehicle longitudinal direction, extends to an upper part of the rotating frame.

In the aspect described above, the protective cover preferably covers a front side and / or a top side of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

According to the aspect described above, the protective cover preferably covers a side surface of the exhaust aftertreatment device in the vehicle width direction.

Figure list

• 1 Fig. 13 is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
• 2 Fig. 13 is a side view showing an important part of the hydraulic excavator in an expanded state.
• 3 Fig. 13 is a plan view showing an engine cover to which a protective cover is attached.
• 4th Fig. 13 is a plan view showing the engine cowl from which the protective cover is removed.
• 5 Fig. 13 is an exploded perspective view showing the protective cover.
• 6th Fig. 13 is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator according to a modification of the invention.

Description of one or more embodiment (s)

One / more exemplary embodiment (s) of the invention is / are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the following, a longitudinal direction, a lateral direction and a vertical direction refer to the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction and the vertical direction in a state in which one is in the cabin 5 of a hydraulic excavator 1 seated operator is facing forward. The lateral direction corresponds to a vehicle width direction of the hydraulic excavator 1 .

Description of the schematic structure of the hydraulic excavator

According to the exemplary embodiment, the hydraulic excavator includes 1 belonging to the compact excavator category, an undercarriage 2 , a superstructure 3 that on the undercarriage 2 is installed work equipment 4th , for example for digging sand and earth, as well as the cabin 5 seated by an operator operating the hydraulic excavator 1 served. The hydraulic excavator 1 also includes a hinged bottom 6th that is set up to allow the entire cabin 5 is folded up or down.

1 shows the hydraulic excavator 1 in a folded down state. 2 shows the hydraulic excavator 1 in a folded-up state. If a side cover 3A that is a left side face of the superstructure 3 covers, removed, are, as in 2 shown a protective cover 11 (described below) and an exhaust gas aftertreatment device, ie a diesel particulate filter device 10 (hereinafter referred to as the "filter device" for short), which is covered by the protective cover 11 is protected, partially visible.

The one on the undercarriage 2 installed superstructure 3 can be equipped with a hydraulic motor (not shown) for rotational movement relative to the undercarriage 2 be rotated. A lower section of the superstructure 3 has the shape of a rotating frame 30th that is a frame of the superstructure 3 is, and on a front side of the rotating frame 30th is the work equipment 4th appropriate. The work equipment 4th contains a boom 21st , which can be pivoted vertically on the rotating frame 30th attached to a stem 22nd that is vertically pivotable at a front end of the boom 21st attached, as well as a spoon 23 that is vertically pivotable at a front end of the stem 22nd is appropriate. The boom 21st , the stem 22nd and the spoon 23 are connected to respective front ends of cylinder rods of hydraulic cylinders that are a boom cylinder 21A , a stick cylinder 22A as well as a bucket cylinder 23A lock in. Extending and retracting each of the cylinder rods causes the boom accordingly 21st , the stem 22nd or the spoon 23 is pivoted.

A rear half of the rotating frame 30th has an engine cowling 31 on in which an engine 7th (a diesel engine) is included (see 3 and 4th ). On the back of the rotating frame 30th is a ballast or counterweight 32 appropriate. The cabin 5 is on the rotating frame 30th arranged at a position offset to the left from the center.

The hinged floor 6th serves as a floor of the cabin 5 and has a tiered arrangement that includes a front floor half 6F that with a joystick 5 and pedals is provided, as well as a rear floor half 6R includes, which is arranged at a higher level than the front floor half 6F and is provided with a work equipment operating lever, an operation panel, a driver's seat and the like. One front edge of the hinged bottom 6th is via a hinge mechanism 6A with the rotating frame 30th connected. The hinged floor 6th can so around a shaft of the hinge mechanism 6A folded up and down around.

In the exemplary embodiment, the hinged bottom 6th manually folded up and down with the aid of a gas pressure damper or the like (not shown), but as an alternative to this it can be folded up and down with a hydraulic cylinder. When the unfolded floor 6th is folded down, covers the rear half of the base 6R of the hinged floor 6th most of the top of the engine cowling 31 from.

When the hinged floor is folded down, an underside is the front floor half 6F of the hinged floor 6th in contact with an upper surface of the rotating frame 30th in front of the engine cowling 31 . When the hinged floor 6th is folded up, there is an area in which the hinged floor is located 6th found as in 2 shown as a work space 3B . An operator should be in the work area 3B embark on the engine 7th , the area around the front of the engine cowling 31 or an arrangement to service that of the rotating frame 30th is surrounded.

A rear section of the top of the engine cowling 31 is like in 3 shown with a support plate 33 which extends in the transverse direction. When the hinged floor 6th is folded down, the support plate is 33 in contact with the underside of the rear floor half 6R of the hinged floor 6th and supports the hinged floor from below. The support plate 33 is at the top of the counterweight 32 attached. The support plate 33 is a large steel plate whose thickness is sufficient to hold the hinged bottom 6th to support, and therefore has considerable weight. Therefore, a crane or the like is required to lift the support plate 33 to remove. In 4th is the support plate 33 shown transparently with a dash-dotted line, so that the arrangement in the engine cover 31 is easy to see.

In the engine cover 31 is a cooling unit 8th on the right side of the engine 7th arranged, and a hydraulic pump 9 (please refer 1 and 2 ) is on the left side of the engine 7th arranged. A filter device 10 is above the hydraulic pump 9 arranged. The filter device 10 is on a top of a flywheel housing (not shown) of the engine 7th screwed, with a longitudinal direction of the filter device 10 (ie a flow direction of the exhaust gas in the filter device 10 ) runs along the front-back direction.

The cooling unit 8th includes, for example, a cooling fan 8A for drawing in outside air into the Engine cowling 31 as well as a cooler 8B which is cooled with the outside air drawn in. The hydraulic pump 9 is from the engine 7th driven and leads a pressurized hydraulic oil, for example, a hydraulic motor for driving, a hydraulic motor for rotary movement and the hydraulic cylinders 21A , 22A , 23A (please refer 1 ) for the work equipment 4th to.

Description of the filter device

An inlet of the filter device 10 is with a flange 10A provided which is connected to a flange which extends at one end of an exhaust pipe of the engine 7th is located. The filter device 10 contains a cylindrical housing in which a columnar filter (not shown) is received. The columnar filter traps particulate matter in the exhaust gas that passes through it. The exhaust gas that goes into the filter device 10 over the flange 10A enters, flows backwards through the filter and is via an exhaust gas outlet opening on the underside of the rotating frame 30th derived.

The filter device 10 is like in 2 and 3 shown surrounded by other components. The protective cover 11 covers the front, front top, and left side of the filter assembly 10 so that an operator is prevented from coming into direct contact with the filter device during maintenance 10 comes. The counterweight 32 is at the rear of the filter device 10 arranged, and the engine 7th is on the right side of the filter device 10 arranged. The rear top of the filter device 10 is from the support plate 33 covered.

Description of the protective cover

The protective cover 11 contains, as in 5 shown, a protective plate 12th , a protective tube 13 and a heat insulating element 14th attached to a surface of the protective plate 12th is appropriate.

The protective plate 12th extending from the vicinity of a leading edge of the support plate 33 to the vicinity of the top of the rotating frame 30th extends includes a top plate 12A formed by bending a steel plate in a substantially L shape, a rectangular lower plate 12B that are on the lower side of the top plate 12A is arranged, as well as a plate carrier 12C on which the top plate 12A and the lower plate 12B are attached. The top plate 12A and the lower plate 12B are provided with holes to reduce their weight. The plate carrier 12C is on the protective tube 13 welded on.

The protective tube 13 contains a horizontal section 13A , a vertical section 13B , a plate-shaped section 13C that is on the horizontal section 13A and the vertical section 13B is welded, as well as a mounting plate 13D that is at one end of the horizontal section 13A is welded on.

The vertical section 13B and the horizontal section 13A are formed, for example, by bending a steel pipe in a substantially L shape. The plate-shaped section 13C covers the left side of the filter device 10 so that an operator can be prevented from inadvertently coming into contact with the filter device 10 comes when the side cover 3A away. A lower end of the vertical section 13B is in an insertion tube 30A that on the rotating frame 30th is present, inserted and attached to it. The support plate 33 is with a holder 33A provided on which the mounting plate 13D with two screws 15th is attached (see 2 ).

The heat insulating element 14th which can be made of heat-resistant fiberglass material with heat-insulating properties is attached to the protective plate 12th with a plurality of metal fasteners (not shown) attached to the heat insulating element 14th penetrate from front to back.

Describes the process of removing the protective cover and filter device

Before removing the protective cover 11 and the filter device 10 should be ensured that the temperature of the filter device 10 after a sufficient time has elapsed since the hydraulic excavator was interrupted 1 has decreased. The protective cover 11 and the filter device 10 should be removed in that order.

First, an operator folds the hinged floor 6th upstairs to the work room 3B to accomplish. Then the screws 15th for attaching the mounting plate 13D of the protective tube 13 on the holder 33A the support plate 33 removed, and then the protective cover 11 slightly raised. This will be the end of the protective tube 13 from the insertion tube 30A of the rotating frame 30th pulled out, and then the protective cover 11 away. The removed protective cover 11 becomes, as indicated by an arrow A in 4th is moved horizontally and diagonally forward and toward a side surface of the vehicle body out of the engine cowl 31 taken.

The protective cover 11 can be so easily removed by removing the two screws 15th removed.

Then can if the protective cover 11 is removed and the filter device 10 exposed, the filter device 10 removed.

The operator removes wires, pipes, and the like attached to the filter device 10 are connected, as well as a screw for fastening a foot of the filter device 10 at the top of the flywheel housing to the filter assembly 10 separated from other device.

It should be noted that in the hydraulic excavator 1 of the exemplary embodiment in contrast to a normal hydraulic excavator, the large rigid support plate 33 who have favourited the filter device 10 covers, does not have to be removed in order to pull out the filter device. With the hydraulic excavator 1 In the exemplary embodiment, the separated filter device 10 , as with an arrow B in 4th is moved horizontally and diagonally forward to remove it to the side surface of the vehicle body from the engine cowl 31 pull out.

The hydraulic excavator 1 of the exemplary embodiment, as described above, belongs to the compact excavator category, so that the filter device 10 is small and light. The filter device 10 can be pulled out manually without using a crane or the like. Because the hydraulic excavator 1 is a compact excavator, has the engine cowling 31 a short length in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, the filter device 10 can be pulled out without moving the filter device horizontally over a long distance.

The filter device 10 can be installed in the reverse order of the procedure described above, and then the protective cover 10 appropriate.

Advantage (s) of the exemplary embodiment (s)

In the exemplary embodiment described above, the filter device 10 with the protective cover 11 covered. Therefore, there can be heat from the filter device 10 with the protective cover 11 can be withheld with maintenance of components other than the filter device 10 can be started with excellent serviceability even if the temperature of the filter device 10 after the engine has stopped 7th has not yet sunk completely.

Furthermore, the filter device and the protective cover 11 who have favourited the filter device 10 covers, near the top of the hydraulic pump 9 placed near the left side surface of the superstructure 3 is arranged. Therefore, the filter device 10 and the protective cover 11 can be easily removed as no component or the like prevents the filter device 10 and the protective cover 11 moved forward horizontally and diagonally.

The filter device is also located 10 in the work room 3B free, which is made by the protective cover 11 is removed when the hinged bottom 6th is folded up. The filter device 10 can be used in the work area 3B pulled in and out of the engine cowling 31 can be removed, thereby reducing the maintenance of the filter device 10 is facilitated.

Modification / s

It should be clear that the scope of protection of the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment (s) described above, but rather includes modifications and improvements that are compatible with the invention.

For example, the invention is applied to the hydraulic excavator 1 applied, which in the exemplary embodiment, the hinged bottom 6th and the one on the hinged floor 6th arranged cabin 5 contains, but it can be used in a hydraulic excavator 101 which, as in 6th shown a hinged bottom 106 and one on the hinged bottom 106 arranged open cab 105 contains. The construction of the hydraulic excavator 1 is otherwise the same as that of the hydraulic excavator 1 of the exemplary embodiment, and therefore the explanation of the hydraulic excavator 101 omitted.

In the exemplary embodiment and the modification, the protective cover is 11 who have favourited the protective plate 12th and the protective tube 13 formed integrally with one another, but they can be independent of one another.

In the exemplary embodiment and the modification, the hydraulic excavators include 1 , 101 only the filter device 10 as an exhaust gas aftertreatment device, however, they may be an oxidation catalyst device and an SCR catalyst device instead of the filter device 10 or, alternatively, contain either the oxidation catalytic converter device or the SCR catalytic converter device as an exhaust gas aftertreatment device.

In the exemplary embodiment and the modification, the protective cover covers 11 three sides, ie the front, the top and the left side, of the filter device 10 from. The protective cover 11 however, as an alternative, only the front and top sides, only either the front or top sides, or both the left and right sides of the filter device can be used 10 cover.

In the exemplary embodiment and the modification, the protective cover 11 from the support frame 30th and the support plate 33 worn, but as an alternative, it can be carried by the engine 7th and / or the filter device 10 be worn provided the protective cover 11 can be easily removed.

The present invention can be applied to a more compact hydraulic excavator such as a zero tail swing type compact excavator.

List of reference symbols

1, 101

Hydraulic excavator,

2

Undercarriage,

3

Superstructure,

6, 106

Hinged bottom,

7th

Engine,

8th

Cooling unit,

9

Hydraulic pump,

10

Filter device (exhaust gas aftertreatment device),

11

Protective cover,

30th

Rotating frame,

31

Engine cowling,

33

Support plate

Claims (3)

Hydraulic excavator (1) comprising: an undercarriage (2); an upper carriage (3) rotatably installed on the lower carriage (2); a hinged floor (6) provided on the upper carriage (3); an exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10) configured to purify exhaust gas emitted from an engine (7); an engine cowl (31) that houses the engine (7), a cooling unit (8) arranged on a first side of the engine (7) in a vehicle width direction to cool the engine (7), and a hydraulic pump (9) which is disposed on a second side of the engine (7) in the vehicle width direction and is driven by the engine (7); a removable protective cover (11) which covers a portion of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10) that is exposed when the hinged floor (6) is unfolded, the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10) in the engine casing (31) above the hydraulic pump (9 ) is arranged and a longitudinal direction of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10) runs in a vehicle longitudinal direction; a support plate (33) which is arranged in the engine cowling (31) above the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10) in order to support the folding floor (6); such as a rotating frame (30) provided on the upper carriage (3), the protective cover (11) approaching from a front edge of the support plate (33) formed on a front side of the support plate (33) in the vehicle longitudinal direction an upper part of the rotating frame (30). Hydraulic excavator after Claim 1 , wherein the protective cover (11) covers a front side and / or a top side of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10) in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Hydraulic excavator after Claim 1 wherein the protective cover (11) covers a side surface of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10) in the vehicle width direction.

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