DE1113496B - Electrical switch controllable by a permanent magnet to be passed - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an electrical controllable by a permanent magnet to be passed Counter. In practice, it is often necessary due to objects passing or being led past to operate electrical contacts without touching them. This used to be done by so-called mechanical stops where the disadvantage was that when the objects passed had a certain amount of play in their range of motion, often damage to the mechanical ones Attacks could not be avoided. In this regard, for example, we think of conveyor baskets, which often have a considerable amount of play in their leadership, so that mechanical stops are completely excluded.

The same disadvantages occurred with end stops where the moving object had a certain amount Had lag. There was a risk that the entire switch could be completely destroyed.

The use of such switches is manifold, including in signal circuits for Vehicles of all kinds, counts, filling indicators for containers, safety circuits for opening doors and windows, switching by floats and the like, as well as switching on and off and safety switching for all types of elevators.

For this reason, electrical switches have already been proposed in a non-magnetic Housing have a permanent magnet that, when it moves, is caused by a passed Actuating magnets attached to the object are caused, electrical contacts are switched off or on directly. turns on.

Such switches, in which by means of a permanent magnet through a closed, non-magnetic Housing electrical contacts are actuated through, have become known in many designs. One brings either intermediate contact elements outside of the housing by the permanent magnets passed outside are attracted and the contacts mechanically or push them apart, or iron parts are attached to the electrical contact levers themselves, which in principle the same when the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnets passed outside act Fulfill a task.

However, all these previously known switches have the major disadvantage that between the switching magnet and a certain retention occurs to the switched object and continues due to the remanence phenomenon there is a risk that the contacts when the magnets have performed their circuit

Permanent magnets controllable electrical

counter

Applicant:

Dipl.-Ing. Dr. oec. Hermann Tiefenbach,
Essen-Kupferdreh, Kupferdreher Str. 229

Dipl.-Ing. Dr. oec. Hermann Tiefenbach,

Food copper turning,
has been named as the inventor

should go back again, not separate from each other. Because of this, these are well-known Switches are not sufficiently reliable in many required precise switching cases. Another disadvantage of all known magnetic switches consisted in the fact that on the one hand they were not vibration-proof and with them on the other hand, only very small, less resilient contacts could be switched.

To eliminate all these disadvantages with the simplest means is the aim of the present invention and is achieved in that a rotatably mounted permanent magnet to be moved by the control magnet inside the switch the movement of a likewise rotatably mounted armature in this way controls that the permanent magnet and a lever arm of the armature move towards each other and that the the other end of the armature controls the contact.

It is advantageous that the two pivot points of the switching magnet and the rocker switch so are arranged so that they lie in the same plane that is perpendicular to that of the solenoid lies between the switch-on and switch-off position.

If the switching magnet is pivoted in one direction of movement, the corresponding end areas approach the switching magnet and the rocker connected in between, d. H. that these two end regions attract. The switching of the contact, which existed before this movement was carried out, is thus inevitably repealed. If the switching magnet is then swiveled in the opposite direction, so pull the two opposite end areas

109 687/165

of the switching magnet and the interposed rocker, so that the return inevitably takes place and thus also inevitably the previous circuit is canceled without any remanence or liability of the contacts required for the previous switching can occur. Thus, according to the invention, an exact, exact circuit is inevitably made designed so that once the two front end portions of the solenoid and the Tighten the rocker switch and the opposite end areas for the second switch have the same functions perform, so that the previous circuit once in a compulsory sequence canceled and automatically the next shift is carried out, with respect to the switching direction as well as a perfect inevitability with regard to the triggering of the switching process results.

But it is precisely the remanence that occurs as well as the possibility of inhibition when it is switched off are of extreme importance and, above all, when precise circuits are required essential to consider. With all the switches known so far one was in the same point required switching on and off not possible properly.

In the case of the previously known electrical switches, in which the switching contacts are also within a housing were arranged and the circuits carried out by passing actuating magnets it was possible to switch it on at a very specific point, but it was possible to switch it off did not take place at the same point, which was inevitably caused by the remanence that occurred. However, this difference in the switching process has a significantly negative effect in many switching cases, in which the switching point must be the same when switching on as well as when switching off. According to the invention Switch training these disadvantages are avoided with certainty, which is above all in Machine-operated for all switching operations in which only a small amount of play is permitted, as special is to be regarded as advantageous and also in mining operations a significantly greater degree of security all previously known electrical switching devices guaranteed. Should include, for example when skip is being conveyed, an electrical switch shows whether a certain flap is perfectly closed on the filling pocket, tiny gaps are important because coal dust, Coal pieces etc. can fall out. In such a case it is necessary that in a whole a certain point the corresponding display must be made, so that in this case any remanence is switched off must become. However, this is perfectly possible according to the training according to the invention.

In this context it is according to the invention Another advantage that the rocker switch and the electrical contact springs in a closed, are preferably arranged transparent housing. It is useful that within There are stops throughout the switch housing that limit the range of motion of the switch magnet limit so that it does not interfere with the rocker switch and the contacts in any end position. additional, closed housing comes into contact. Through this training, with Safety avoided that the rocker arranged in the closed housing with the switching magnet can come into direct contact. Preventing this, however, is of the utmost importance. Would namely the magnet with the rocker switch according to the invention or with the previously known devices make direct contact with the contacts, so those who are in contact with one another can Switching elements are very difficult to separate from each other again.

It is also advantageous that the one receiving the rocker switch and the electrical actuating contacts Tubular housing made of injection-molded material with a screw-in cap is and cast in this cap is a mounting web on which the actual Switching rocker is relocated, with all electrical contact springs also within the closure cover are attached.

One of the most important features of the invention is that the rocker in terms of weight is evenly balanced on both lever arms effective around the pivot point. That would be the Lever arms used differently in terms of weight, so would be for the pivoting of the rocker, from the pivot point seen from a different force required, so that the switch-on compared to the switch-off point would by no means be the same, but this is the case with the inventive Establishment is guaranteed with security. It is of course not necessary that both Beyond the pivot point, lever arms of the rocker have the same length. It is unique and everything required that both lever arms have the same weight. Because of this, can A lever can easily be bent in a U-shape, for example, and has a significantly shorter length have than the other lever arm in order to shorten the overall length, but without the invention Questioning effect.

Another major advantage is seen in the fact that the switch is perfectly resistant to vibration, since the magnet and the rocker switch can be fixed and held in any position. In addition, it is The rocker arrangement makes it possible to release greater forces for the switch of the contact springs.

The invention is based on a drawing showing any exemplary embodiment on a cutaway Represents switch housing, explained in more detail.

In the switch housing 1 there is a switching magnet at point 2 3 pivotally displaced. Furthermore, in the switch housing 1 is preferably a transparent one Tube executed contact housing 4 arranged, in which on a mounting web 5 at point 6 a Switching rocker 7 is pivotably displaced, which with a corresponding insulating web 8 on the contact springs 9 and 10 acts.

The two outgoing from the pivot point 6 the lever arms la and Ib of the switching rocker 7 are by weight exactly balanced. For example, if the switching magnet pivoted to the greatly extended position 3, it pulls the lever la of the rocker 7 to thereby positively on the other lever arm, the two contact springs are compressed. 9 and 10 If, on the other hand, the switching magnet 3 is pivoted in the opposite direction, as is not shown in more detail, the lever arm 7 b of the switching rocker 7 is attracted, whereby due to the uniform weight formation

application of both lever arms, the switch-on and switch-off points of contacts 9 and 10 at the same switch point lie.

The pivot points 2 and 6 of the switching magnet 3 and the switching rocker 7 lie on a straight line indicated by dash-dotted lines, which is perpendicular to the central position of the switching magnet 3 indicated by 12 by dot-dashed lines. A metallic stop piece is designated by 13, which pulls the switching magnet 3 into the normal position 6 in the unaffected state. The switching magnet 3 is influenced by one or more control magnets 14 which are guided past the housing 1 and are attached to corresponding moving objects. The passing of these control magnets 14 is indicated by the double arrow 16. The respective poles of the magnets 3 and 14 are denoted by N and S.

With 15 normal terminals are designated, the lines not shown with the Contact springs 9 and 10 are connected and forward the pulses to the evaluation point. The housing 4 accommodating the contact springs 9 and 10 is preferably made transparent, the contact springs 9 and 10 and the displacement web 9 receiving the rocker in the closure cover 16 of the contact housing 4 are attached, the closure cover 16, for example is connected to the housing 4 by simply screwing it in.

Claims (5)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Electrical switch controllable by a permanent magnet, characterized in that a rotatably mounted permanent magnet (3) inside the switch to be moved by the control magnet controls the movement of an armature (7 a) which is also rotatably attached so that the permanent magnet ( 3) and a lever arm of the armature (7 a) move towards each other and that the other end of the armature (7 b) controls the contact. 2. Switch according to claim 1, characterized in that that the two pivot points (2, 6) of the switching magnet (3) and the rocker switch (7) so are arranged that they are on a plane (11) perpendicular to the direction of movement of the controlling Magnets (14) lie. 3. Switch according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the rocker switch and the electrical contact springs in a closed, preferably transparent housing (4) are arranged. 4. Switch according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that within the whole There are stops that limit the range of motion of the switching magnet so that that it is not in any end position with the rocker switch and the contacts receiving, additional, closed housing comes into contact. 5. Switch according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rocker switch and the tubular housing accommodating the electrical actuating contacts, preferably made of injection-molded Material is made with a screw-in cap and in this cap poured in a mounting bar (5) is on which the actual rocker switch (7) is displaced, being within the closure cover all electrical contact springs (9, 10) are also attached. Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 253 121, 901204;
German patent application M14825 VIII b / 21 c
(announced on July 5, 1956);
British Patent No. 688,402;
U.S. Patent No. 2,521,723. 1 sheet of drawings © 109 687/165 8.61