DE1084779B - Device for central billing in telecommunications systems - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The invention relates to telecommunications systems, such as. B. Telephone systems, where the billing of the connection jobs carried out. With the help of counting pulses, the charge units assigned. These counting pulses usually occur on one assigned to the relevant subscriber Line wires and are then generally evaluated in a central exchange. In the telecommunications systems commonly used in practice, the counting pulses are proportionate briefly (e.g. about 40 msec) and, above all, briefly compared to the pause between them, so compared to the counting period. The counting of the counting impulses has so far mainly been done with the participants individually assigned electromechanical call counters made which the counting pulses to save.

Recently, because of various advantages, there are central memories for many subscriber lines instead provided (e.g. German patent specification 936 520 ...), and therefore to the individual Memory because of their relatively complex structure and their large number overall are very expensive to avoid. When using a central store, special Processes the counting pulses are evaluated, with these evaluation processes being stored at the same time in this central memory at the memory space provided for the relevant subscriber connected is.

In the known devices of this type, the procedure is as follows: In certain The lines assigned to the subscribers, on which the counting pulses may be used, are shown at intervals occur, then checked whether a counting pulse occurs or not. When a count is present is then stored in the central memory. Checking will z. B. made with the help of tilting circles. The use of these funds prevents the same Count pulse is evaluated several times. At the same time, it must be ensured that no counting pulse is lost. For this purpose, it is provided that the check is carried out at a time interval that is not greater than the length of a count. When testing a large number of subscriber lines, the result is that is, a high frequency of test processes, which is associated with a high query frequency, and in particular if the subscriber lines are not in each case at the same time, but in a specific one Cycle one after the other. Electrical sampling pulses are associated with the interrogation, whose repetition rate is then very high. It is now very undesirable that on lines which in large Facility

for central billing
in telecommunications systems

;

Applicant:

Siemens & Halske Aktiengesellschaft,
ίο Berlin and Munich,

Munich 2, Wittelsbacherplatz 2

Günther Gattner and Dipl.-Ing. Karl-Heinz Widdel,
Munich,

have been named as inventors

Number assume from a central exchange, pulses with high repetition frequency occur because then it is very easy for mutual interference to occur between these lines.

It has also already been proposed that the subscriber lines have ferromagnetic toroidal cores individually to be assigned for the temporary storage of counting pulses. These toroidal cores are in Lines and columns arranged like a cross box. You are aware of the presence of stored counts to be queried periodically. In the proposed device, the procedure is that in each case an interrogation criterion is supplied to a row and a column and thereby the status of the im Intersection of this line and column lying magnetic core is queried. With such a magnetic core a coincidence of the two query criteria occurs in each case. This facility has a single output at which successive signals to identify the memory status of the various Toroidal cores occur.

The invention now shows another way of how the memory states of the individual toroidal cores can query. Accordingly, it relates to a device for telecommunications systems, in particular to the central one Billing of telephone systems, in which the subscriber lines individually assigned and Ferromagnetic toroidal cores arranged in rows and columns like a cross field for temporary Storage of counting pulses are available, which indicate the presence of stored counting pulses are to be queried periodically. This device is characterized in that when interrogating one after the other each arranged along a column

009 549/103

3 4

Ring cores at the same time a query pulse fed to the gnetic state of saturation will be set back, and that as a result of the grouping of the ring, if they had, on the other hand, maintained these initial magnetic cores along the lines at the saturation state, they also remain connected to the inputs assigned to the lines there- still in this 2 'state. In this case, output pulses occur. 5 no magnetic reversal due to an interrogation pulse. When interrogating the toroidal cores according to the invention, and the output windings then do not give any, it is not necessary for the toroidal cores to output a Koin output pulse. However, if one of the toroidal cores occurs, cidential effects occur. This also eliminates the need, which is otherwise associated with a previous magnetization reversal, to adhere to certain levels of tolerance due to the interrogation pulse in the initial magnerances for the scanning criteria. The abio-table saturation state is reset, this is done with the help of scanning pulses, because of the associated magnetic flux switch when using coincidence effects, a change in the core in the output winding must be just large enough for a single scanning output pulse to be effective Voltage pulse. The off pulse does not cause a magnetic reversal of a toroidal core. The toroidal cores are called separately here, but two simultaneous scanning pulses at the inputs si, s2 and s3 of the central memory Sg can cause a magnetic reversal. connected. During the interrogation pulse, if coincidence effects are used, the memory Sg via the line ζ from the interrogation also runs the risk that a sampling pulse with an interference pulse generator Ag for the output pulses of the pulse that makes output windings on the associated subscriber line ready to receive and it occurs, In the case of the toroidal core in question, a storage occurs in which hits and thus a false query occurs. Storage Sg instead. It can be provided here that on such an erroneous interrogation, according to the same memory Sg , other departments of the invention are likewise avoided. Subscriber lines, such as the one made up of the three subscribers in FIGS. 1 and 2, are two simple circuit lines L1, L 2 and L 3, division L 13, shown as examples of how several subscribers work. The output windings of the toroidal cores belonging to the lines can be built up and the toroidal cores working on the same input can either be arranged and soft circuitry can be connected in series or in parallel. A stimulus to query the memory states can be made by connecting such additional windings. In FIGS. 3 and 4, two arrangements are shown in FIG. 1 by the at the inputs si, s 2 and orders, in which the toroidal cores indicated in lines 30 s 3 of the memory Sg are Uli? 4, (horizontal) and columns (vertical) indicated like III K 5 and III K6 like a cross field . An optional pair are arranged. allele circuit of such additional output windings In the devices shown, ferro- is used by the magnetic toroidal cores indicated at these inputs, each of which indicates three multiple circuit symbols. The store's windings wear. In the case of the ring 35, during the relevant interrogation core K 3 of the circuit according to FIG. 1, the input process for the output pulses originating from the winding I, the interrogation winding II and the output-related line group, ready to receive III. Such a winding can be made. It should also be noted that if necessary, a disturbing mutual influencing of the on-the-wire only consist of a push-through. 40 toroidal cores working with the same memory inputs. In FIG. 1, for example, three are avoided. In the event that the output windings are connected to the subscriber lines with these toroidal cores in series, this can denote Ll, L 2 and L 3, shown, on which the memory can also be prevented from counting pulses. These always have inputs so high resistance that the same polarity during the off. The input winding impulses are now no noteworthy currents flowing through the gene I of the respective toroidal cores into the respective output windings. A subscriber line belonging to it, for example, is inserted. This ring-appropriate measure for the case that the output cores now have such magnetic properties, windings of the ring cores are connected in parallel that they are indicated by a counting pulse that is input via their input in the description of FIG.
winding goes, from its one magnetic saturation line. There are again three participants and these, if no further influencing lines Ll, L 2 and L 3 are provided, each of which occurs, retained. Toroidal cores, which has such a toroidal core. These are the toroidal cores have properties, are already well suited for themselves. 55 Kl, K 2 undiv3. The toroidal cores knew the same. The three upstream in the apparatus of FIG. 1 windings as in the apparatus of FIG. 1. The handenen subscriber lines Ll, L 2 and L 3 have input windings are again in the three ring cores Teilnehmerdie Kl, K2 and K 3, the interrogation lines inserted. The interrogation windings here are the windings of these toroidal cores but are individually connected in series to separate outputs il, i2 and i3 of the example, with one end 60 interrogation pulse generator connected. In contrast, the series connection is connected to ground and the output windings are connected in series. The one more at the output i of a query pulse generator end of this series circuit is connected to ground and the gate Ag is connected. The query pulse genes at the input j of the central memory Sn.
fator Ag now gives the interrogation impulses to the interrogation. These pulses have such a 65 individual toroidal cores interrogation pulses, and polarity and height that under their influence, the central toroidal core becomes the during these interrogation pulses, if it is now ready to receive due to a counting memory for the possibly occurring out pulse from their initial magnetic saturation impulses made. This takes place in its other state, brought here again via a line z, which now again leads from the interrogated goods into this initial ma- 70 pulse generator An to the central memory Sn .

5 6

In addition, has synchronized with the query of the included. The interrogation pulse generator An may individual subscriber lines within the memory Sn now initially via its output i 1 an interrogation of an allocation of the via the input line. train impulses to the subscriber lines of department L 13 'led output impulses to these subscriber dispatches. Then, if necessary, memory locations assigned to each of the output lines in the 5 windings of the toroidal cores of these subscriber lines memory are made. Ensuring that the same output pulse is emitted and gets to the run between the repeated interrogation of the partial associated input of the shift register R. Simultaneous transmission lines and the allocation of the storage time is via the line s, which can be done from the interrogation stations via the line ζ . Devices, pulse generator An leads to the shift register R , in which such synchronization between the shift register causes the information linked to the output interrogations of the subscriber lines and the allocation of the pulses to be received. After that places are made are already known for themselves. The interrogation pulse generator An is sent via its therefore not discussed in detail here. Output j 2 an interrogation pulse to the subscriber - As can be seen from the above description according to the lines of the department " L 46 'and finally via Fig. 1 and 2, the query 15 takes place in each case its output Ϊ3 to the subscriber lines of the subscriber lines at intervals, the not department L 79 '. Each time an entry is made longer than the intervals between the counting pulses. The information in the shift register takes place fetches in the time interval that corresponds to the shortest, therefore, as large as the shortest expected interval between two counting pulses on the same time interval of counting pulses on this line Subscriber lines, here in each case the use of query imp ulsen with a ver three, is the repetition rate of the relatively low repetition rate. This is particularly important when interrogation pulses sent by the interrogation pulse generator are used when a central memory is only one third as large as when it is used every time as in the case of the device for which only one subscriber line Fig. 2 is used, as in the device according to the device according to FIG the various subscriber lines are not queried.

are interrogated simultaneously, but one after the other. It is now to be explained what is also fed one after the other with the information entered into the information shift register R which is thus the relevant information in the memory. Because of the 30 happens. A so-called shift register can be used in a sequence of interrogations in a known manner to implement a frequency of the group of pulses supplied by the interrogation pulse generator to gelie- parallel inputs, inter alia also proportionally in a corresponding sequence of pulses vertically to the number of to monitored subscriber. This pulse train is from his lines. If this number is very large, then 35 series output is given. The shift register R used in the circuit to reduce this repetition frequency, particularly in accordance with FIG. 3, is important. three parallel inputs el, e2 and e3 and accordingly in FIGS. 3 and 4 are devices for a three counting stages. Such a counting stage retains its large number of subscriber lines shown in which the rest position or comes into working position, depending on how the information in the central memory is influenced by each other, and in which the counting stages are then re-entered all brought into their measures for a further reduction of the subsequent rest position, and the mentioned pulse train occurs at the output a of the frequency of the required query pulses hit shift register R. are. In order to obtain a clear representation of the circuit examples, 45 pulses are implemented in each case. This implementation has been specified after only nine subscriber lines. each interrogation process for a group of output. In the device according to FIG. 3, the partial windings are carried out. It is divided into three departments by the interrogator management. Triggered to pulse generator on via line 3. Department L 13 'includes the subscriber lines L 1 Accordingly, as in the circuit shown in FIG. 2 to L 3, to the department L 46' includes the subscriber 50 receives the central memory Sn this pulse train on lines L 4 to L 6 and to the department L 79 'belong to and distribute the information thus transmitted to the subscriber lines L7 to L9. The interrogation of the associated memory locations, windings of the toroidal cores are in each department in Fig. 4 shows a device that is similarly connected in series and works on one of the three inputs il, but in which the on a certain inputs i2 and Ϊ3 of the interrogation pulse generator at the output of the shift register R working output closed. Die_ output windings of the toroidal cores all windings are not connected in series but in parallel. These subscriber lines are only in groups. Should the risk of mutual accidents be connected in series. These groups consist of influencing the associated toroidal cores, so toroidal cores each comprise a toroidal core from each department as a remedy, as shown in FIG. 4, of subscriber lines. Since each 60 of the output windings, for example via a mixing section of subscriber lines, includes three lines gates to the inputs el to e3 of the shift, each with a ring core, three registers R are therefore connected. These are the mixed groups of toroidal cores or of output gates M1 to M3. Since there are current windings in a mixer gate. The series connection of the output windings belonging to or voltage pulses at one of its inputs of a group has no effect on its other inputs respectively at one of the three parallel inputs el, e2 , when used it is a mutual and e3 of a so-called shift register, which disturbs the parallel-connected Toroidal cores denoted by R , connected. This sliding avoidance.

Register R also has a series output a to which the device according to FIG. 4, like the individual central memory Sn, is arranged with its input j.

Partitions of subscriber lines with three subscriber lines each are provided. These are departments L 13, L 46 and L 79. Each of these departments is set up in the same way as department L 13 according to FIG. 1. The interrogation windings of the ring cores belonging to a department of subscriber lines are connected in series and each to one of the outputs il to i 3 of the interrogation pulse generator An connected. The toroidal cores belonging to a group of subscriber lines, ie to subscriber lines Li, L4k, Ll or L2, L5, LB or L3, L6, L 9, are connected to one of the mixing gates Ml, M2 and IV / 3 with their output windings connected. The outputs of these mixing gates are in turn connected to the parallel inputs e 1, e2 and e3 of the shift register R. The series output α of the shift register R leads to the input s of the central memory Sn. The information entered into the shift register R is passed on to the memory in the same way as in the device according to FIG. 3.

In the facilities described so far, individual lines assigned to the subscriber lines Memory uses ferromagnetic toroidal cores. The advantages arising from their use are based among other things on their property of having two stable operating states in which they are without Keeping them independent with the help of special power sources, which greatly simplifies their use will. The advantages are also based primarily on the fact that the toroidal cores are very inexpensive. There are now also other, similar memory elements with corresponding advantages known, which are shown in analog circuit technology could be used. These include, above all, ferroelectric storage elements, which can be understood as dual switching elements. In this context are also Storage elements with two stable resistance values, so-called coherent cells (German Auslegeschrift 1 011 009).

It should also be pointed out that the toroidal core memory is also readily available for central locations Processing of counting pulses can be applied that are not to telecommunication switching systems but to other systems, such as surveillance systems for detaining the Inventory of goods. In this case, the occurrence of a cell pulse is, for example, with the access or departure of a unit of goods.

Claims (5)

Patent claims: 1. Device for telecommunication systems, in particular for central billing in telephony systems, in which the subscriber lines individually assigned and arranged in rows and columns like a cross-field ferromagnetic toroidal cores for the temporary storage of counting pulses are available, which are to be queried periodically for the presence of stored counting pulses, thereby gekennzekimet that when interrogating one after the other the toroidal cores arranged along a column (departments with Ll, L2, L3; L4, L5, L6; Ll, L8, L9) are simultaneously supplied with an interrogation pulse and that as a result of the grouping of the toroidal cores along the lines (groups with Ll, LA, Ll; L 2, L5, LS; L3, L6, L 9) output pulses may occur at the inputs (el, e2, e3) of the devices connected there. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that output windings (III) located on the toroidal cores are connected line by line in series for the delivery of output pulses and are connected to inputs (el, e2, e3) of a memory (R) assigned to the lines, which stores the output pulses occurring one after the other at its inputs separately. 3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that output windings (III) located on the toroidal cores for the delivery of output pulses line by line in parallel via mixing gates (Ml, M2, M 3) at the inputs (el, e2, e3) of a memory assigned to the lines (R) are connected, which saves the output pulses occurring one after the other at its inputs separately. 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a shift register (J?) Is used as a memory and that before the delivery of the next query pulse, the simultaneous inputs previously made in the shift register via a series output (a) of the shift register one after the other a special central memory (Sn) are passed on. 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the Input windings located in toroidal cores (II), to which the interrogation pulses are fed, in Are connected in series. Legacy Patents Considered:
German Patent No. 1 064 114. 1 sheet of drawings © 009 549/103 6.60