DE1084056B - Device for recording and reproducing information - Google Patents

Description

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It is known to create directories or any other list of a large number of items of information by creating this information on magnetic storage in digital Encryption can be written down, from which it can then be taken again at any time can be. If one takes into account that there is sometimes a great deal of information on such a memory written down and compared with a specific search address during an output process must be, then there is the requirement that, provided that the memory have a practical meaning the access time to the individual information must be relatively short. They are very different Types of such memories and various types of recording methods become known, which are essentially all geared towards this, with the least possible expenditure on individual switching means obtain a usable access time for the corresponding directory.

When designing the memory itself, the type of information to be recorded will be used essentially, whereby it is of great interest to know from which point of view the individual information is selected and whether in a selection process only a single or a very limited amount of information can be obtained. The latter is this is especially the case with magnetically recorded address books, in which in addition to the name z. B. the address and, if applicable, the telephone number is written down. With such a directory is known from the outset that with each individual selection process, which is after a name or the address or the telephone number of an addressee is made, usually only information is to be obtained so that the query and output device can be dimensioned accordingly.

For other tasks, e.g. B. for the purposes of registry and documentation, however, the situation is fundamentally different. For example, when documenting academic papers, each academic paper is identified with a few key words. These keywords must be combined with another special identifier, e.g. B. a register number, be written down in a memory, so that it is then easily possible to use the keywords to determine the register number of a particular article, which can then be very easily looked up using this number in the original. If one takes into account that a large number of items of information can be written down under one and the same key word or under several identical key words — device for recording
and reproducing information

Applicant:

Siemens & Halske Aktiengesellschaft,

Berlin and Munich,
Munich 2, Witteisbacherplatz 2

Dipl.-Ing. Camillo Bodenstein, Munich,
has been named as the inventor

because a lot of essays have been written about a certain area of knowledge, then the Dimensioning of the memory for these purposes as well as the device belonging to the memory (Input device, output device, comparison device, etc.) accordingly to consider.

The arrangement according to the invention relates primarily to such types of memory, that is to say magnetic ones Memories on which a large number of individual items of information are written down, from the outset it is known that a great deal of information can arise during an output process and which also has to be constantly expanded in terms of its content, without a special one Effort should be made.

Magnetic drums are used for magnetic storage and magnetic tape storage is used. In general, a Magnetic tape is better suited, since the capacity of a magnetic drum is limited from the outset, so that a certain directory cannot easily be supplemented beyond a certain scope. If you then want to provide a second drum to expand the directory, you need this also a not inconsiderable number of further switching means, since the drums themselves within one Comparison device cannot simply be exchanged, as is the case with a magnetic tape without further is possible. In the case of a magnetic tape recorder, on the other hand, tapes can be exchanged, so that with such a facility, provided the capacity

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of a magnetic tape is exhausted, another measuring purpose has been used and the remaining tracks can be used with netting tape. At least one track for recording clock (syn- The access time to a memory depends on chronization) features (clock tracks) and other other things on the type of recording of the individual in tracks (comparison tracks), in particular in the same formations. If the information and .vor- 5 number as the provided memory tracks, preferably for the information addresses in parallel operation temporary recording of information or recorded, the individual information information addresses for the playback or addresses can be provided immediately one after the other, namely the recording process are, so that all elements are scanned at the same time. Here, the comparison track information, for example with through, is relatively short at a certain scanning speed, in the same coding as in the memory, the access time. However, such a type of recording requires a process to be overwritten and then for the very specific effort that is removed from the output process or becomes relatively large when the individual informational traces in a recording process go into the mations can be taken over from a large number of individual information i _{5 storage tracks.} When the elements exist. In the so-called serial device according to the invention, however, the individual elements are immediately written down one after the other, so that the data necessary for the information to be searched for is scanned on the element. But this means that in particular the same band written on which the einsondere in information addresses with a certain ₂ o individual information is recorded. As a result of this, the scanning process of an individual initially results in the following advantages:
Address requires a relatively long time. A process for inputting as well as for out-tape recording arise but then certain search of information can very quickly through difficulties when the information address or are led, since any means that one also the individual information are so long that 25 synchronization between one own Input memory or they can no longer be accommodated in pure parallel representation on the magnetic tape output memory and the actual main memory. Keep it constant in this, completely omit it. In one case, in a serial display after the search process, the search address is written on the tape that matches the entire information of each individual address can be done. In addition, always exactly in phase with the information address then result in series operation or when must be.

Comparison process for scanning the series on marriage for some particularly advantageous construction

Signed information the difficulties that tion details of the device according to the invention

the search address, which is entered with each individual piece of information, is based on FIG.

information address \ ^r , with which the exact principle is explained, according to the arrangement

the same pulse repetition frequency must be present as that of the invention.

Pulses emitted from the tape as the tape is scanned, it is assumed that information addresses are picked up on a magnetic tape. It is known that a large number of information is written down to provide multi-lane tapes on which the 40 should be, which consists of individual keyword groups and information in a mixed serial parallel representation of a register number. The keyword groups are accommodated. mark here z. B. a scientific move the individual between information essay or a sales process within a tion address and search address associated impulses large enterprise, while the register number then represents only a small distance from each other, so 45 number, under which the article is a comparison is practical already excluded. or the corresponding process proportionally. If one also takes into account that the individual im- can easily be found in the original. For this purpose, it is possible to write down ninety thousand such key words on a conventional magnetic tape of 600 m with a pulse interval of 0.3 mm, written down in a pulse length, then it is easy to see that 50 write to that. In the case of the input device to be explained and the tape guide device of the exemplary embodiment, these key words must be placed in the top five tracks, Sp 1 to Sp 5 of the magnetic tape 1, which in general cannot be released at all. Each individual element of a word, i.e. each book-To synchronize the individual tapes with one another or each number, is here digitally after the other or with the comparison devices 55 five-telex codes are encoded, ie the characters on the magnetic tapes are marked with multiple markings, in front of are magnetically recorded in the telex alphabet in a separate track, provided via the net. In the track Sp 6 is then the information in the tape run is controlled. One would then have to write it down for pure serial representation. This is to be able to carry out a comparison, either because the information, which is only from large pulse intervals or with a ratio of a z. B. five- or six-digit register number moderately low tape speed, at which there is very short compared to the information address mechanical influences even easier to cope with key words. If you have to work, which in turn affects the access time and / occasionally longer information, this or the recording capacity of the magnetic tape would have to have a favorable effect, even if written down in several tracks. 65 be that they can be removed in series operation during a tape object of the invention is a device for passage. The two-magnetic recording and playback of such see the tracks Sp 6 and Sp 7 in the drawing information, in the case of the dotted line, which is made with little effort, indicates that the above all these disadvantages are eliminated by only this line area of the Tape for which part of the tracks (memory tracks) is intended for memory 70 actual main memory, while

the lower part is available for an input and output process. For the embodiment to be explained in detail later, it is assumed that a total of eight tracks Sp 7 to SpI ¹ I are provided, one of which, namely the track Spl <L, contains a grid to define the individual code groups (five characters) , while in Spur.fr/> 13 only individual pulses are recorded at the beginning of each piece of information written down. These two tracks are actually still part of the main memory, since if the lower input and comparison field were not available, they would have to be provided on the magnetic tape to control the input and output process.

As explained, they are in the lower part of the magnetic tape as many tracks for input and output as for storage of the individual pieces of information themselves. This is done for the purpose that when an input process occurs in these Part of the tape the information that is to be entered can be written down, from which it is then synchronized is transferred to the actual main memory, i.e. in the upper part of the magnetic tape. During the output process, on the other hand, the information sought out during a comparison process should be entered into the lower part are overwritten, so that they are relatively easy to remove from this can.

For this purpose, in addition to the magnetic heads TKl to TKlA _1, each of which is assigned to a single track, the heads TK15 to TK 22 are assigned, which can contain a maximum of pulse groups at exactly one information interval, i.e. at such a distance as a single piece of information, are arranged.

With reference to FIG. 2, it is explained in a schematic representation how such a magnetic tape can be precisely scanned in a simple manner. The magnetic tape, which contains the individual information, is arranged on the tape storage drum B1 and is transferred to the tape storage drum B 2 during a comparison process. After each comparison process, the tape must be rewound to the beginning, unless the individual information is arranged alphabetically. The tape itself is moved over the tape roller R , at this point the magnetic heads TK are also located for the removal or recording of the individual magnetic information. Since the tape for the actual comparison process, in which according to the invention the retrieved or stored information has to be overwritten from one side of the tape to the other, should run very quickly so that the large amount of information is scanned in a tolerable time, and there but at the same time the information sought out can then also be passed on to the place requesting information, it must be possible to set the belt speed between two values, i.e. between high speed and slow speed. In order to have to provide not be maintained or at a reversal between the two speeds to high band stresses particularly complicated control mechanisms are the three actuators Al to A3 and the buffer Zl and provided Z2 which are each arranged between two driving pairs of rollers. The drive rollers control in pairs, namely the drive roller A1 and R2 the differential D 1 and the drive roller R3 and i? 4 the differential Z> 2. From these differentials, the drives A1 and A3 are each controlled in such a way that approximately the same tape length is always stored in the buffer store. Couplings K are provided between the individual drives and the corresponding drive rollers. The tensioning rollers SpI and Sp2 are used to keep the belt taut over the drive roller R. Since work is sometimes carried out at very high speeds, this drive roller R is mounted with as little impact as possible. The tape heads TK are arranged as close as possible to the tape above these drive rollers.

With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, which shows a circuit of the individual audio heads with one another, is in the following the operation of the device according to the invention on the basis of a Input and a comparison process explained.

It is initially assumed that the entire magnetic tape is completely without information, that is not even a raster has been recorded. Should now one or more pieces of information be stored then the grid for the length of a keyword group field is determined first. For reasons of clarity, it is assumed here that such a keyword group field consists of a total of there is sixty grid points, so that if, for example, a single keyword group is made up of twenty grid points, three keyword groups belonging to one piece of information Group field can be recorded. Each individual information address therefore consists of three Keywords.

Since it is initially established that 0.3 mm tape feed should be available per grid point, the tape is moved by this distance and in the middle of the period required for this movement in the track Sp 14 a pulse of, for example, 100 μ wavelength is recorded. These sixty grid points are then drawn in the track Sp 14 and in the following are now decisive for the creation of the grid on the entire band. This can be done simply by listening to these scanning pulses as the tape passes through the magnetic head TK 14 and recording them again by the magnetic head TK22. As can be seen from Fig. 3 of the drawing, the heads TK 14 and TK 22 are connected directly via the amplifier V8 for this purpose. The grid for the whole, z. B. 600 m long tape is then dependent on this once established grid, which initially extended over 2 cm, in which case the belt speed for the distance between the individual grid points is completely irrelevant, that is, the grid can be both in a fast run and be recorded with a slow run of the magnetic tape. When the actual information, that is the directory pulses , is recorded by the magnetic heads TK1 and TK5 , the pulse input is given by this grid, so that the information itself is recorded very precisely with regard to the phase. The recording process itself, which is to be controlled from this grid, can proceed as follows:

You compile the part of the directory with which you can use a normal punched tape machine this wants to begin or continue. Then this punched tape is then scanned in such a way that the scanning process through the raster pulses z. B. is controlled according to the start-stop principle.

Claims (9)

1 8th In the case of an output process, the one that is currently being searched for is accepted. This is the same way, the search address in the tracks Sp 7 is of particular interest if a recorded to SpIl , with the correct location of the memory in which certain operations after a Input on the tape through the pulse grid in the track a plurality of key words are registered, which Sp 14 and, due to the impulses in track Sp 13, individual processes only after a single or is controlled. As mentioned, these impulses are to be selected for each key word, because at the point where information begins. In the present example it would be for example The actual search process itself is now also conceivable that only a single keyword group as follows: is known, according to which then all the information On the magnetic tape, as explained, the io is to be searched out which contain these key words in input in the tracks Sp 7 to ^ U the desired information address of theirs. For the keyword group as a search address via the magnetic implementation of the invention, only heads TK 15 to TK 19 are written down here. If it is necessary to search for the content of track Sp 6 to run into track Sp 12, the tape is then overwritten at high speed. Whether the key words by themselves on all magnetic heads. The entered 15 appear in each case is irrelevant in itself. This proves the search address is scanned by the magnetic heads TK7 , however, for the reasons outlined above, as being up to TiCIl and at the same time particularly expedient with the scanning, since any equal scanning of the directory pulses in the coincidence device can be omitted. Only for the case K1 to K5 (see FIG. 3) compared. At the same time, pure parallel scanning can take place, so that the input pulses, that is to say the magnets, which can be scanned by the magnetic heads TK 7 to TKII 20, i.e. a comparison with a static memory, could be overwritten by the information heads TK 15 to TK 19, via amplifier elements, the train address itself would be omitted, and it would then, as leads, so that the information address is mentioned again immediately, only the information itself, i.e. the register, is written on the magnetic tape. This number, in the still free part of the magnetic tape process is repeated until the tape has to be copied all the way through. has run so that over the entire length of the tape. As the illustrated embodiment shows, it is the input text was available for comparison. not necessary with the device according to the invention, In the actual comparison process, however, any synchronization circuit between the information itself that was recorded in the spool Sp 6 and the actual main memory net is to be provided in the track Sp 12, with the help of 30, but the search address and the In -Magnetic head TK 20> has been overwritten. This is the information address are always strictly synchronous to each other, including from Fig. 3 of the drawing. The fact that the search address can be seen in this, according to which the head TK 6 is very often written down with the head type of output process TK 20 is connected directly through an amplifier V6 . is, does not represent any additional effort, since the magnet had the coincidence circuits Kl to KS no 35 heads are provided anyway and the amplifier also determined coincidence, then the head TK 12 will have to run constantly. Whether or not they are controlled in this way via the high- frequency generator HF is affected for the efficiency of a high-frequency voltage that this arrangement of this type is known to be completely irrelevant.
formation is deleted again. If, on the other hand, a magnetic head incidence has been determined, the over- 40 TK 23 remains. By means of this head, information is written in the track Sp 12 in the event of a positive. After comparison in a separate track Sp 15 or Given that the entire magnetic tape has been run through, the information that is to be sought out, which is apart from the transmitted information, is overwritten on track Sp 12, from which it is then recorded if a pulse is also recorded in track Sp 13 a reverse run of the tape which can be dispensed with disproportionately easily. 45 written information is scanned, the magnetic tape itself can be scanned in two ways, i.e. before each individual piece of information is driven to the downward speed, since it is definitely pre-scanned, this individual pulse scanned, large stretches of the tape cannot occur By means of this impulse it is then possible for the band to contain information to be output, while it was initially operated at high speed, it is of course also conceivable that a large number of inputs would reverse slow speed so that the formations then follow one another in direct succession. the information to be scanned immediately The information you are looking for is in track Sp 6 in the output device, e.g. B. a teletypewriter, in contrast to the address, can only be written down in one track,
ben (because it is short compared to the address), and
although the alternating current pulses are recorded 55 they are also dubbed in such a way that, in the case of a patent claim:
Reverse the tape correctly for one scan lying and with correspondingly slow running then 1. device for recording and re-immediately digitally encrypted information is fed into a teletypewriter the can. 60 using the magnetic sound principle The design was based on the assumption that a multi-track magnetic tape on which the the information retrieved from the tape store, each containing an address must be »are written down on a certain free formations one after the other, Part of the tape can be overwritten, in which is characterized in that only part of the As an example, all tracks of the 65 tracks (memory tracks) were saved for storage purposes Information, i.e. information and turns, and from the remaining tracks at least information address, overwritten with. In the case of especially at least one track for recording clock type memories, however, it is also without further (synchronization) features (clock tracks) and possible to dimension the system in such a way from the outset - further tracks (comparison tracks), in particular sion that only the part of the memory itself 70 in the same number as the provided Memory tracks, for the temporary recording of information or information addresses for the playback or recording process are provided, so that in the comparison tracks Information, for example with address, in the same coding as in the memory tracks overwritten by a comparison process to be carried out quickly and then for the output process can be removed or taken over from the comparison tracks during a recording process into the storage tracks. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the free part of the magnetic tape a double set of magnetic heads is provided which, when scanning a search address a simultaneous writing of the same search address in the immediate connection to the information address being scanned. 3. Device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that in the free part of the magnetic tape a clock track is provided. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that a track parallel to the clock track is provided, in which a certain impulse only at the beginning of each piece of information is recorded. 5. Device according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that for each individual comparison process the information assigned to an information address is overwritten in the free part and is deleted there again with the help of an erase head if the comparison process was not positive. 6. Device according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that at least the information address in a mixed series parallel representation is written down. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that for writing down the information address a five-digit telex code is used, the individual elements of each five-character being arranged so that they are parallel can be scanned. 8. Device according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that for recording license plates Another magnetic head (TT? 23) for reversing the tape speed is provided, which writes down a pulse in the event of a positive comparison in such a way that the Tape for later scanning of the information that has already been overwritten with certainty from one Fast running can be switched to slow running. 9. Device according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that for driving the belt three separate drive units are provided, with one between the individual drive rollers Tape buffer is provided. Considered publications:
U.S. Patent No. 2,624,786;
French Patent No. 1,110,648;
German patent specification No. 594 333. 1 sheet of drawings © 009 547/202 6.60