DE1076994B - Lubricating oil for the quick break-in of combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The invention relates to the use of a lubricating oil of special composition for rapid Breaking in of internal combustion engines after their completion or after the use of new parts.

In general, engines are partially run in for a short time on the test bench in the factory. Purpose of this The measure is to remove unevenness resulting from lathe machining. After that, will the engine is completely retracted by the driver in 2000 to 3000 km. ίο

Studies have been carried out leading to the present invention. Purpose of the invention is to provide a lubricating oil that allows a rapid partial break-in of an engine. For this purpose an oil mixture had to be prepared, which is an abrasive in the form of a contains stable suspension. The composition of the oil mixture is based on the knowledge that a dispersant increases the consistency of an oil suspension of the abrasive. That to retract Certain oils naturally lose their value when the abrasive quickly settles.

It has now been found that an oil mixture allows faster running in of bearings, which consists of a mineral _{lubricating oil, an ester of a C 12} - to C ₂₀ monocarboxylic acid as an agent for increasing the lubricity, silicon dioxide or aluminum oxide of a hardness of 4 to 8 according to Mohs' Hardness scale as an abrasive and a dispersant of a type known per se.

The mineral lubricating oil preferably has an SAE viscosity of 10 W to 40.

The abrasive expediently has a particle diameter less than 3 μ. Known additives can be used as dispersants, which disperse oil sludge, in particular oil-soluble compounds such as alkali or alkaline earth sulfonates of petroleum, aryl alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfonates, the reaction products of hydrocarbons Methacrylic acid ester polymerized with a phosphorus sulfide, stabilized by bonding with alkylene oxide of alcohols and amino alcohols, treated by silent electrical discharges (so-called voltolized) mixtures of vegetable and mineral oils.

Particularly suitable sulfonates are alkali or alkaline earth salts, preferably sodium, calcium or barium salts of petroleum sulfonates. The molecular weight of the acidic sulfonate component can be 400 to 800. Also synthetic sulfonates, here again in particular sodium, calcium or barium salts z. B. Arylalkylsulfonsäuren can be used. Aryl alkyl sulfonates can be quickly broken in by alkylating aromatic compounds in lubricating oil
of internal combustion engines

Applicant:

Esso standard

Societe Anonyme Frangaise,
Paris

Representative: E. Maemecke, Berlin-Lichterfelde,
and Dr. W. Kühl, Hamburg 36, Esplanade 36 a,
Patent attorneys

Claimed priority:
France, September 18, 1956

Robert Tirtiaux, Notre-Dame-de-Gravenchon,

Seine-Maritime,

Max Cohen, Gruchet-le-Valasse, Seine-Maritime,
and Robert Dupas, Notre-Dame-de-Gravenchon,

Seine-Maritime (France),
have been named as inventors

with C ₁₂ - to C ₂₀ olefins, which preferably leads to dialkyl derivatives. The alkylation product is then sulfonated with sulfuric acid. Reaction products of hydrocarbons with phosphorus sulfide are those which are produced by the action of phosphorus pentasulfide on a highly viscous lubricating oil, terpenes or polymerized olefins with 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Dipentene is preferred as the terpene, and polybutene with a molecular weight of 800 to 1200 is preferred as the olefin polymer. The product reacted with P ₂ S ₅ can be stabilized by further reaction with firstly the oxides or hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline earth metals such as sodium, calcium and barium, secondly metal sulfonates, preferably of the type described above, thirdly ethylene oxide. The polymerized methacrylic acid esters of alcohols and amino alcohols are preferably polymerized esters of methacrylic acid in which the alcohol is a tertiary alkanolamine, e.g. B. diethylaminoethanol. The alcohol component of the methacrylic acid ester preferably contains 8 to 9 carbon atoms. The polymethacrylates can have a molecular weight of 50,000 to 100,000. Through silent electrical development

909 758/267 "

Charge-treated (so-called voltolized) oils are preferred as dispersants advantageously produced in such a way that a mineral oil is subjected to silent electrical discharges, by continuously passing thin oil films between electrodes in a reaction vessel under partial vacuum at a voltage of 2000 to 20,000 volts and a frequency of 200 to 2000 periods per second lets flow.

As lubricity agents are, among others Esters of a monocarboxylic acid containing 12 to 20 carbon atoms, specifically isopropyl oleic acid esters.

Further features of the invention are as follows: The level of the lubricity agent is preferred 0.05 to 20, advantageously 0.5 to 5 percent by weight of the total lubricating oil mixture.

The proportion of the abrasive is 0.01 to 5, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 percent by weight, based on on the total weight of the lubricating oil mixture.

The amount of dispersant is 0.1 to 10, primarily 1 to 4 percent by weight of the total mixture.

It is known by thickening mineral oils with inorganic gels, such as silica gel, with colloidal Aluminum oxide, with highly dispersed silica aerosols, with finely divided oxides of metals or metalloids or with carbon black, optionally with the addition of highly dispersed silicon dioxide, stiff, gel-like lubricants; d. H. Lubricating grease or Rigid lubrication to manufacture. In the case of such greases intended for permanent lubrication, the fillers naturally present in such a fine distribution that they do not have an abrasive effect on the lubricant Machine parts, otherwise they would cause excessive wear. Also are at these known lubricating greases for the thickeners, unless they are gels at all, none certain degrees of hardness prescribed. Apart from that, you cannot break in new engines Use lubricating greases, instead you need liquid lubricating oils. The well-known, with silica gel Or finely divided oxides thickened lubricating greases are therefore in two ways for the purposes of Invention useless.

According to an older proposal, bodies with a particle size of 1 to 20 μ, a scratch hardness according to the Mohs hardness scale of at least 4, consisting of metals and / or silicon and its Compounds used in amounts of 0.1 to 5% as additives to lubricants. These lubricants are intended for permanent lubrication. The hard corpuscles should not be like the smallest elements the known lubricants are simply subject to a pure squeezing process, but roll off and thereby continuously circulate the mass of the lubricant.

The use of lubricating oils composed in accordance with the present invention for break-in however, internal combustion engines have not yet been proposed.

In order to run an engine with the oil according to the invention, this is added to the engine's lubrication system and the engine was driven for a short time with increasing load and speed. That Oil is then removed and replaced with a lubricant of conventional composition.

Examples

The full break-in of an engine took place under the following conditions:

The number of revolutions of the motor increases to 3000

Water temperature 70 ° C

Oil temperature in the sump 70 ° C

The run-in is considered finished when the unevenness of the lathe machining has completely disappeared are.

The following results were achieved with a mineral oil:

Weight
loss,
Center of ring Bumps
from lathe machining Entry
Time 15th
6 mg complete disappearance 8 hours

Weight
loss,
Center of ring Bumps
from lathe machining Entry
Time 6.5 mg complete disappearance 1 hour

With a break-in oil according to the invention of the following composition:

a ° pure mineral oil,

9 cSt at 100 ° C 96.7 percent by weight

Lubricants:

Oleic acid isopropyl ester .. 2 percent by weight dispersant:

Voltolized oil 1 percent by weight

Powdered aluminum oxide (grain size 2 to 3 μ) 0.3 percent by weight

the following results were obtained:

Claims (6)

Patent claims: 1. Use of a lubricating oil consisting of a mineral lubricating oil, an ester of a C _{12 to} C ₂₀ monocarboxylic acid, silicon dioxide or aluminum oxide with a degree of hardness of 4 to 8 according to the Mohs hardness scale and a particle size of less than 3 μ and a dispersant known per se Kind, for the quick break-in of internal combustion engines. 2. Embodiment of the invention according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral oil has an SAE viscosity of 10 ow to 40. 3. Embodiment of the invention according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the Dispersant a petroleum sulfonate, in particular an oil-soluble calcium or barium salt Petroleum sulfonic acid having a molecular weight of 400 to 800. 4. Embodiment of the invention according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the Dispersant a polymer of an ester of methacrylic acid with a tertiary alkanolamine is. 5. Embodiment of the invention according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the Dispersant is an oil treated by silent electrical discharges. 6. Embodiment of the invention according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the 5 6 Mixture of the monocarboxylic acid ester in quantities. from 0.05 to 20 percent by weight, the silicon di- German Patent Nos. 946650, 941219, oxide or aluminum oxide in quantities of 935 44g, 928 061, 920 865, 897 306. 0.01 to 5 percent by weight and the dispersant in amounts of 0.1 to 10 percent by weight, 5 Older patents considered: based on the total weight. German Patent No. 961 914. 909 758/267 2.60