DE1038458B - Underwater sound device - Google Patents

Underwater sound device

Info

Publication number
DE1038458B
DE1038458B DEE10957A DEE0010957A DE1038458B DE 1038458 B DE1038458 B DE 1038458B DE E10957 A DEE10957 A DE E10957A DE E0010957 A DEE0010957 A DE E0010957A DE 1038458 B DE1038458 B DE 1038458B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
ship
water surface
reflected
sound waves
transducer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEE10957A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Rudolf Kuehnhold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ELAC Electroacustic GmbH
Original Assignee
ELAC Electroacustic GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ELAC Electroacustic GmbH filed Critical ELAC Electroacustic GmbH
Priority to DEE10957A priority Critical patent/DE1038458B/en
Publication of DE1038458B publication Critical patent/DE1038458B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10KSOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/002Devices for damping, suppressing, obstructing or conducting sound in acoustic devices

Description

Unterwasserschallgerät Es liegt bei der Unterwasserschallotung oder -peilung die Aufgabe vor, die Tiefe eines Unterwasserzieles, beispielsweise eines Wals, in einer gewissen Entfernung von der Lot- bzw. Peilvorrichtung zu bestimmen. Solange es sich dabei um die Messung hinreichend großer Winkel handelt, d. h. bei tiefstehendem Ziel oder geringer Entfernung zwischen dem Unterwasserschallgerät und dem Ziel, ist die Aufgabe mit bekannten Echolotgeräten bzw. Peilgeräten genügend scharfer Richtcharakteristik lösbar.Underwater sounding device It is up to the underwater sounding or -bearing the task of determining the depth of an underwater target, for example one Wals, at a certain distance from the plumbing or direction finding device. As long as it is the measurement of sufficiently large angles, i. H. at low-lying target or a short distance between the underwater sonic device and the goal, the task with known echo sounders or direction finding devices is sufficient sharp directional characteristic can be solved.

Sehr schwierig ist die Lösung dagegen, wenn die Messung sehr kleiner Tiefenwinkel erforderlich ist, weil dann die Verzerrung der Lot- bzw. Peilcharakteristik durch den Einfluß der Wasseroberfläche die Bestimmung des Winkels unmöglich macht.On the other hand, the solution is very difficult if the measurement is very small Depth angle is required because then the distortion of the plumb line or bearing characteristic makes it impossible to determine the angle due to the influence of the water surface.

Durch die Reflexion der vom Ziel herrührenden bzw. zurücklaufenden Schallwellen an der Wasseroberfläche ergibt sich eine resultierende Empfangscharakteristik, die durch das Produkt des Richtfaktors des verwendeten Empfangssystems mit dem Richtfaktor eines gedachten Systems, das sich spiegelbildlich zum Empfangssystem oberhalb der Wasseroberfläche befindet und in Gegenphase schwingt, gekennzeichnet ist. Die resultierende Richtcharakteristik hat in Richtung der Wasseroberfläche ein Minium, dessen Schärfe von dem Abstand des Empfangssystems von der Wasseroberfläche abhängt.By reflecting on those originating from or returning to the target Sound waves on the water surface result in a reception characteristic, that by the product of the directivity of the receiving system used with the directivity an imaginary system that is a mirror image of the receiving system above the The surface of the water is located and oscillates in opposite phase, is marked. The resulting Directional characteristic has a minimum in the direction of the water surface, its sharpness depends on the distance of the receiving system from the water surface.

Auf Grund dieser Tatsache muß zur Tiefenwinkelmessung durch Horizontallotung mindestens der Empfänger eine besonders scharf gebündelte Richtcharakteristik aufweisen, was oft unerwünscht ist.Due to this fact, depth angle measurement by horizontal plumbing is required at least the receivers have a particularly sharply focused directional characteristic, which is often undesirable.

Die Erfindung besteht darin, daß der störende Einfluß der reflektierenden Wasseroberfläche ausgeschaltet wird.The invention consists in the fact that the disturbing influence of the reflective Water surface is turned off.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß bei einem Unterwasserschallgerät mit am Boden des Schiffes angeordneten Wandlern zur Messung kleiner Tiefenwinkel bei aktiver Lotung von unter der Wasseroberfläche befindlichen Objekten die Wandler in einem genügend großen Abstand von der Vorderkante des Schiffes angeordnet sind, um den Empfang der vom Objekt kommenden und von der Wasseroberfläche reflektierten Schallwellen zu vermeiden, und daß eine Absorptionsschicht zwischen Wandler und Schiffsboden vorgesehen ist, die die auf den Schiffsboden auffallenden vom Objekt reflektierten Schallwellen vom Wandler fernhält.This object is achieved according to the invention in that in an underwater sound device with transducers arranged on the bottom of the ship for measuring small depth angles the transducers for active sounding of objects below the surface of the water are arranged at a sufficiently large distance from the leading edge of the ship, to receive those coming from the object and reflected from the surface of the water Avoid sound waves, and that an absorption layer between the transducer and The ship's bottom is provided, which falls on the ship's bottom from the object Keeps reflected sound waves away from the transducer.

An Hand eines Ausführungsbeispieles wird die Erfindung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment.

In der Zeichnung ist mit 1 ein Fischdampfer bezeichnet, an dem ein ausfahrbarer, gegebenenfalls schwenkbarer Träger 2 für die sendenden und empfangenden Wandler oder Wandlergruppen 3 angeordnet ist. In großer horizontaler Entfernung und unter geringem Tiefenwinkel befindet sich als Ziel der Wal 4. Die Anlotung des Wals erfolgt in Richtung des Pfeiles 5. Der reflektierte Schall kann nun auf zwei Wegen in die Empfangsanordnung gelangen, und zwar einmal auf dem direkten Wege und einmal nach Reflexion an der Wasseroberfläche 6. Um die reflektierte Echostrahlung vom Empfangssystem abzuschirmen, ist dieses so weit zurückliegend am Schiffsboden angeordnet, daß der Schiffskörper 1 das Empfangssystem abschirmt. Oberhalb des Empfangssystems 3 ist der schallabsorbierende Schirm 20 angeordnet. Am Schiffsboden reflektierte Schallwellen werden auf diese Weise vom Empfangssystem ferngehalten. Zu dem gleichen Zweck kann an Stelle des Schirms 20 der Schiffsboden vor dem Empfangssystem mit einer schallabsorbierenden Schicht überzogen sein.In the drawing, 1 denotes a fish steamer on which a extendable, possibly pivotable carrier 2 for the sending and receiving Converter or converter groups 3 is arranged. At a great horizontal distance and at a low angle of depth is the target of whale 4. The view of the Wals takes place in the direction of arrow 5. The reflected sound can now be two Ways to get into the receiving arrangement, once on the direct route and once after reflection on the water surface 6. About the reflected echo radiation to be shielded from the receiving system, this is so far back on the ship's bottom arranged that the hull 1 shields the receiving system. Above the receiving system 3, the sound-absorbing screen 20 is arranged. Reflected on the ship's floor In this way, sound waves are kept away from the receiving system. To the same Instead of the screen 20, the ship's bottom in front of the receiving system can also be used for this purpose be covered with a sound-absorbing layer.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Unterwasserschallgerät mit am Boden des Schiffes angeordneten Wandlern zur Messung kleiner Tiefenwinkel bei aktiver Lotung von unter der Wasseroberfläche befindlichen Objekten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wandler in einem genügend großen Abstand von der Vorderkante des Schiffes angeordnet sind, um den Empfang der vom Objekt kommenden und von der Wasseroberfläche reflektierten Schallwellen zu vermeiden, und daß eine Absorptionsschicht zwischen Wandler und Schiffsboden vorgesehen ist, die die auf den Schiffsboden auffallenden, vom Objekt reflektierten Schallwellen vom Wandler fernhält. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Patentschriften -N r. 570 526. 608 228. 418987. Claim to the patent: Underwater sound device with transducers arranged on the bottom of the ship for measuring small depth angles with active sounding of objects below the water surface, characterized in that the transducers are arranged at a sufficiently large distance from the leading edge of the ship in order to receive those coming from the object and to avoid sound waves reflected from the water surface, and that an absorption layer is provided between the transducer and the ship's bottom, which keeps away from the transducer the sound waves that fall on the ship's bottom and are reflected by the object. Considered publications: German patents -N r. 570 526, 608 228, 418987.
DEE10957A 1955-07-02 1955-07-02 Underwater sound device Pending DE1038458B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEE10957A DE1038458B (en) 1955-07-02 1955-07-02 Underwater sound device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEE10957A DE1038458B (en) 1955-07-02 1955-07-02 Underwater sound device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1038458B true DE1038458B (en) 1958-09-04

Family

ID=7067985

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEE10957A Pending DE1038458B (en) 1955-07-02 1955-07-02 Underwater sound device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1038458B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5512734A (en) * 1994-09-20 1996-04-30 Microwave Research Corp. Apparatus and method for heating using microwave energy

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE418987C (en) * 1921-06-15 1925-09-19 Alexander Behm Device for ships or aircraft, consisting of transmitter and receiver, for measuring depth and distance with the aid of the echo
DE570526C (en) * 1931-04-05 1933-02-16 Echometer Ges M B H Echo sounder system
DE608228C (en) * 1933-11-12 1935-01-18 Electroacustic Gmbh Device for signal exchange by means of underwater sound on ships

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE418987C (en) * 1921-06-15 1925-09-19 Alexander Behm Device for ships or aircraft, consisting of transmitter and receiver, for measuring depth and distance with the aid of the echo
DE570526C (en) * 1931-04-05 1933-02-16 Echometer Ges M B H Echo sounder system
DE608228C (en) * 1933-11-12 1935-01-18 Electroacustic Gmbh Device for signal exchange by means of underwater sound on ships

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5512734A (en) * 1994-09-20 1996-04-30 Microwave Research Corp. Apparatus and method for heating using microwave energy

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