DE10339221A1 - Production of pressurized nitrogen by low temperature decomposition of air in rectifier system comprises condensing no gas from upper region of high pressure column in indirect heat exchange with liquid from low pressure column - Google Patents
Production of pressurized nitrogen by low temperature decomposition of air in rectifier system comprises condensing no gas from upper region of high pressure column in indirect heat exchange with liquid from low pressure column Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE10339221A1 DE10339221A1 DE10339221A DE10339221A DE10339221A1 DE 10339221 A1 DE10339221 A1 DE 10339221A1 DE 10339221 A DE10339221 A DE 10339221A DE 10339221 A DE10339221 A DE 10339221A DE 10339221 A1 DE10339221 A1 DE 10339221A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- pressure column
- pressure
- low
- liquid
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/04084—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of nitrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
- F25J3/04206—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions including a so-called "auxiliary vaporiser" for vaporising and producing a gaseous product
- F25J3/04212—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions including a so-called "auxiliary vaporiser" for vaporising and producing a gaseous product and simultaneously condensing vapor from a column serving as reflux within the or another column
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04424—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system without thermally coupled high and low pressure columns, i.e. a so-called split columns
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04436—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using at least a triple pressure main column system
- F25J3/04448—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using at least a triple pressure main column system in a double column flowsheet with an intermediate pressure column
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/20—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in an elevated pressure multiple column system wherein the lowest pressure column is at a pressure well above the minimum pressure needed to overcome pressure drop to reject the products to atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/34—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using a side column fed by a stream from the low pressure column
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
- F25J2215/42—Nitrogen or special cases, e.g. multiple or low purity N2
- F25J2215/44—Ultra high purity nitrogen, i.e. generally less than 1 ppb impurities
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/42—Separating low boiling, i.e. more volatile components from nitrogen, e.g. He, H2, Ne
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
- F25J2235/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being nitrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of the claim 1.
Verfahren
der eingangs genannten Art und entsprechende Vorrichtungen sind
aus
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Druckstickstoff auf besonders wirtschaftliche Art zu gewinnen, insbesondere mit relativ geringem Energieaufwand.Of the Invention is based on the object pressure nitrogen on particularly economic way of winning, especially with relatively little Energy expenditure.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass kein Gas aus dem oberen Bereich der Hochdrucksäule in indirektem Wärmeaustausch mit einer Flüssigkeit aus der Niederdrucksäule oder aus der Hochdrucksäule kondensiert wird. Im Gegensatz zu den bekannten Verfahren wird also bei der Erfindung auf einen üblichen Kopfkondensator der Hochdrucksäule, insbesondere auf einen klassischen Hauptkondensator verzichtet. Vorzugsweise findet auch kein indirekter Wärmeaustausch zwischen Gas aus dem oberen Bereich der Hochdrucksäule und einer Flüssigkeit aus der Hochdrucksäule statt.These Task is solved by that no gas from the upper area of the high pressure column in indirect heat exchange with a liquid from the low pressure column or from the high pressure column is condensed. In contrast to the known methods so in the invention to a conventional Top condenser of the high pressure column, especially waived a classic main capacitor. Preferably, no indirect heat exchange between gas takes place the upper part of the high-pressure column and a liquid from the high pressure column instead of.
Dies bewirkt nicht nur eine entsprechende Einsparung hinsichtlich der Apparatekosten. Viel wichtiger ist, dass die Drücke in der Hochdrucksäule und in der Niederdrucksäule nun unabhängig voneinander gewählt werden können. Die Hochdrucksäule dient nicht mehr hauptsächlich der klassischen Vortrennung der Luft, sondern im Wesentlichen der Erzeugung eines Wärmeträgers unter einem Druck, der zur Verdampfung des in der Niederdrucksäule erzeugten Stickstoffs unter dem erhöhten Druck durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch in dem Produktverdampfer dient. Nur die für die Stickstoffverdampfung in dem Produktverdampfer notwendige Luftmenge muss auf den hohen Druck gebracht werden. Dies sind – je nach gewünschter Stickstoffreinheit – lediglich beispielsweise 50 bis 70 mol-%, vorzugsweise 55 bis 65 mol-% der Gesamtluft. Die restliche Luft braucht nur auf den Niederdrucksäulendruck verdichtet zu werden und dient in der Niederdrucksäule als aufsteigender Dampf. Die Drücke von Hochdrucksäule und Niederdrucksäule können dabei unabhängig voneinander gewählt werden. Das Druckverhältnis zwischen Hochdrucksäule und Niederdrucksäule kann bei 1,3 bis 6 liegen. Ein hoher Stickstoff-Abgabe-Druck (= Betriebsdruck der Hochdrucksäule) von beispielsweise 7 bis 25 bar, vorzugsweise 8 bis 12 bar kann bei der Erfindung mit einem energiesparend niedrigen Niederdrucksäulendruck von beispielsweise 3 bis 6 bar, vorzugsweise 3,5 bis 5,5 bar kombiniert werden.This not only brings a corresponding saving in terms of Equipment costs. Much more important is that the pressures in the high pressure column and in the low pressure column now independent chosen from each other can be. The high pressure column is used no longer mainly the classical pre-separation of the air, but essentially the Generation of a heat carrier under a pressure that caused the evaporation of the generated in the low pressure column Nitrogen under the elevated Pressure due to indirect heat exchange used in the product evaporator. Only those for nitrogen evaporation in The amount of air required by the product evaporator must be at the high pressure to be brought. These are - ever according to the desired Nitrogen purity - only for example 50 to 70 mol%, preferably 55 to 65 mol% of the Total air. The remaining air only needs to the low pressure column pressure to be compressed and serves in the low pressure column as ascending Steam. The pressures from high pressure column and low pressure column can independent chosen from each other become. The pressure ratio between high pressure column and low pressure column can at 1.3 to 6 lie. A high nitrogen discharge pressure (= operating pressure the high pressure column) from, for example, 7 to 25 bar, preferably 8 to 12 bar in the invention with an energy-saving low low pressure column pressure of for example 3 to 6 bar, preferably 3.5 to 5.5 bar combined become.
Der Kopfkondensator der Niederdrucksäule und der Produktverdampfer sind vorzugsweise als Kondensator-Verdampfer ausgebildet. Jeder "Kondensator-Verdampfer" weist einen Verflüssigungsraum und einen Verdampfungsraum auf, der aus Verflüssigungspassagen beziehungsweise Verdampfungspassagen besteht. In dem Verflüssigungsraum wird die Kondensation eines ersten Fluidstroms (hier: gasförmiger Stickstoff aus der Niederdrucksäule bzw. der Wärmeträger aus der Hochdrucksäule) durchgeführt, in dem Verdampfungsraum die Verdampfung eines zweiten Fluidstroms (hier: Kühlfluid bzw. der flüssige Hochdruckstickstoff). Die beiden jeweiligen Fluidströme stehen dabei in indirektem Wärmeaustausch. Verdampfungs- und Verflüssigungsraum werden durch Gruppen von Passagen gebildet, die untereinander in Wärmeaustauschbeziehung stehen.Of the Top condenser of the low pressure column and the product evaporator are preferably as a condenser-evaporator educated. Each "condenser-evaporator" has a liquefaction space and an evaporation space consisting of liquefaction passages, respectively Evaporating passages exists. In the liquefaction room, the condensation a first fluid stream (here: gaseous nitrogen from the low pressure column or the Heat carrier off the high pressure column) carried out, in the evaporation space, the evaporation of a second fluid stream (here: cooling fluid or the liquid High-pressure nitrogen). The two respective fluid flows are doing so in indirect heat exchange. Evaporation and liquefaction space are formed by groups of passages that intercross in Heat exchange relationship stand.
Unter "oberem Bereich" wird hier die obere Hälfte, vorzugsweise das obere Drittel, (jeweils gemessen in der Anzahl der theoretischen Böden) der entsprechenden Säule verstanden.Under "upper area" here is the upper half, preferably the upper third, (each measured in the number of theoretical soils) the corresponding column Understood.
Vorzugsweise kondensiert der Wärmeträger bei dem indirekten Wärmeaustausch in dem Produktverdampfer mindestens teilweise, wobei mindestens ein Teil des kondensierten Wärmeträgers aus dem Produktverdampfer als Rücklauf in der Hochdrucksäule eingesetzt wird. Insbesondere bildet der kondensierte Wärmeträger mindestens 70 mol-%, insbesondere mindestens 80 mol-%, insbesondere mindestens 90 mol-% der Rücklaufflüssigkeit im oberen Bereich der Hochdrucksäule. Andere Quellen für Rücklaufflüssigkeit der Hochdrucksäule können beispielsweise ein Flüssigtank oder ein Kreislaufsystem sein.Preferably, the heat transfer medium condenses at least partially in the indirect heat exchange in the product evaporator, wherein at least a portion of the condensed heat transfer medium from the product evaporator is used as reflux in the high-pressure column. In particular, the condensed heat carrier forms at least 70 mol%, in particular at least 80 mol%, in particular at least 90 mol%, of the reflux liquid in the upper region of the high-pressure column. Other sources for Return liquid of the high-pressure column may be, for example, a liquid tank or a circulatory system.
Besonders günstig ist es, wenn der kondensierte Wärmeträger aus dem Produktverdampfer die einzige Zuspeisung von Flüssigkeit in den oberen Bereich der Hochdrucksäule darstellt, das heißt dass ansonsten keine Quelle von Rücklauf für die Hochdrucksäule genutzt wird. Zumindest stellt er jedoch die einzige interne Quelle von Rücklauf für die Hochdrucksäule; allenfalls zulässig sind in diesem Fall externe Zuspeisungen, zum Beispiel aus einem Flüssigtank, in dem außerhalb des Rektifiziersystems erzeugter Flüssigstickstoff gelagert wird. Unter "Flüssigkeit aus einer internen Quelle" wird hier eine Fraktion verstanden, die in dem Rektifiziersystem zur Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-Trennung erzeugt wird.Especially Cheap it is when the condensed heat carrier out the product evaporator the only feed of liquid represents in the upper area of the high pressure column, that is otherwise no source of rewind for the High-pressure column is being used. At least it is the only internal source of return for the High-pressure column; possibly permitted in this case are external feeds, for example from one Liquid tank, in the outside the rectification system produced liquid nitrogen is stored. Under "Liquid from an internal source " here a fraction understood in the rectification system for nitrogen-oxygen separation is produced.
Vorzugsweise weist die Niederdrucksäule keinen Aufkocher auf. Insbesondere wird kein Teil der Sumpfflüssigkeit der Niederdrucksäule unter dem Druck der Niederdrucksäule einem indirekten Wärmeaustausch zugeführt. Aufsteigender Dampf für den untersten Abschnitt der Niederdrucksäule wird vorzugsweise durch den zweiten Luftstrom gebildet.Preferably the low pressure column has no Aufkocher on. In particular, no part of the bottoms liquid the low pressure column under the pressure of the low-pressure column an indirect heat exchange fed. Rising steam for the Lowermost section of the low pressure column is preferably through formed the second air flow.
Grundsätzlich können bei der Erfindung die beiden Luftströme separat von Atmosphärendruck auf den "ersten Druck" gebracht werden. In der Regel ist es jedoch günstiger, dafür nur eine einzige Maschine (Hauptluftverdichter) einzusetzen und den ersten und den zweiten Luftstrom gemeinsam auf den ersten Druck zu verdichten und anschließend auf diesem Druckniveau zu verzweigen.Basically, at the invention, the two air streams separate from atmospheric pressure be brought to the "first pressure". In general, however, it is cheaper only for that to use a single machine (main air compressor) and the first and compress the second air stream together to the first pressure and subsequently to branch at this pressure level.
Als Kühlfluid für den Kopfkondensator der Niederdrucksäule wird vorzugsweise eine sauerstoffangereicherte Flüssigkeit aus der Hochdrucksäule und/oder aus der Niederdrucksäule eingesetzt. Dabei kann es sich beispielsweise um Sumpfflüssigkeit der Niederdrucksäule, eine Zwischenflüssigkeit der Niederdrucksäule, Sumpfflüssigkeit der Hochdrucksäule oder eine Zwischenflüssigkeit der Hochdrucksäule oder auch um Kombinationen zweier oder mehrerer dieser Fraktionen handeln. Als "sauerstoffangereichert" wird in dieser Anmeldung eine Fraktion bezeichnet, deren molarer Sauerstoffgehalt größer als derjenige der atmosphärischen Luft ist.When cooling fluid for the Top condenser of the low-pressure column is preferably an oxygen-enriched liquid from the high pressure column and / or from the low pressure column used. This may be, for example, sump liquid of Low-pressure column, an intermediate liquid the low-pressure column, bottoms liquid the high pressure column or an intermediate liquid the high pressure column or combinations of two or more of these fractions act. As "oxygen-enriched" in this application denotes a fraction whose molar oxygen content is greater than that the atmospheric Air is.
Kälte zum Ausgleich von Isolierungs- und Austauschverlusten sowie gegebenenfalls für die Produktverflüssigung kann bei dem Verfahren gewonnen werde, indem mindestens ein Teil des in dem Kopfkondensator verdampften Kühlfluids arbeitsleistend entspannt wird, zum Beispiel in einer Restgasturbine.Cold to Compensation of insulation and replacement losses and, if necessary for product liquefaction can be won in the process, by at least one part the cooling fluid vaporized in the top condenser relaxes work is, for example, in a residual gas turbine.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann mindestens ein Teil des zweiten Luftstroms oder ein dritter Luftstrom arbeitsleistend entspannt und die entspannte Luft in die Niederdrucksäule eingeleitet werden (Einblaseturbine). Hierbei kann es günstig sein, wenn arbeitsleistend zu entspannende Luft stromaufwärts der arbeitsleistenden Entspannung nachverdichtet wird, insbesondere unter Verwendung der bei der arbeitsleistenden Entspannung erzeugten mechanischen Energie (Booster-Turbine, Bremsgebläse).alternative or additionally may be at least a portion of the second airflow or a third Airflow performing work relaxed and the relaxed air in the Low-pressure column be introduced (injection turbine). It may be convenient when working to relax air upstream work-enhancing relaxation is re-compressed, in particular using the power generated during work relaxation mechanical energy (booster turbine, brake blower).
Vorzugsweise werden zwischen der Verdichtung des zweiten Luftstroms auf den ersten Druck und der Abkühlung mindestens eines Teils des zweiten Luftstroms keine druckverändernden Maßnahmen durchgeführt, das heißt ein Teil der Luft wird nicht über den ersten Druck (plus Leitungsverlusten) hinaus verdichtet, sondern tritt unter diesem ersten Druck (minus Leitungsverlusten) in den Hauptwärmetauscher ein.Preferably be between the compression of the second airflow at first Pressure and cooling at least part of the second air flow no pressure-changing activities carried out, this means a part of the air is not over the first pressure (plus line losses) is compressed out, but occurs under this first pressure (minus line losses) in the Main heat exchanger one.
Zur
Erhöhung
der Reinheit des Stickstoffprodukts kann der Verdampfungsraum des
Produktverdampfers zu einer kleinen Trennsäule (Abtriebssäule) ausgebaut
werden, indem er mindestens einen Stoffaustauschabschnitt aufweist,
wobei der in flüssigem
Zustand auf Druck gebrachte Stickstoff (
Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Druckstickstoff durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft gemäß Patentanspruch 12 beziehungsweise 13.The Invention also relates a device for generating pressurized nitrogen by cryogenic separation of air according to claim 12 or 13.
Die Erfindung sowie weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigen:The Invention and further details of the invention are hereinafter explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. in this connection demonstrate:
Übereinstimmende beziehungsweise einander entsprechende Verfahrensschritte und Apparateteile tragen in den Zeichnungen dieselben Bezugszeichen.Matching or corresponding process steps and apparatus parts carry in the drawings the same reference numerals.
In
dem Ausführungsbeispiel
der
Der
erste Teilstrom
Der
zweite Teilstrom
Als
weiterer Einsatz für
die Niederdrucksäule
Gasförmiger Kopfstickstoff
Dort
gebildetes Stickstoffgas
Im
Verflüssigungsraum
des Produktverdampfers
In
dem Ausführungsbeispiel
wird das gesamte gasförmige
Kopfprodukt der Niederdrucksäule
Die
Sumpfflüssigkeit
In
dem Produktverdampfer
Gegenüber
Während die
Turbine
In
dem Verfahren von
In
Analog
zu
Die
erste Variation bezieht sich auf die Kältegewinnung und damit verbunden
auf die Produktion eines oder mehrerer Flüssigprodukte mit variablem Flüssigproduktanteil.
Solange das Ventil
Eine
zweite Variation bezieht sich auf die Reinheit und den Aggregatzustand
des Druckstickstoffprodukts. Dabei werden in
- – einen
zusätzlichen
Stoffaustauschabschnitt
658 (He-Ne-H2-Sperrböden) am Kopf der Hochdrucksäule10 , - – einen
zusätzlichen
Stoffaustauschabschnitt
659 (He-Ne-H2-Sperrböden) am Kopf der Niederdrucksäule11 und - – einen
Stoffaustauschabschnitt 660 im Verdampfungsraum des Produktverdampfers
646 .
- - an additional mass transfer section
658 (He-Ne-H 2 barrier floors) at the top of the high-pressure column10 . - - an additional mass transfer section
659 (He-Ne-H 2 barrier floors) at the top of the low-pressure column11 and - A mass transfer section 660 in the evaporation space of the product evaporator
646 ,
Diese Stoffaustauschabschnitte weisen einen geringen Umfang auf (jeweils beispielsweise 2 bis 10 theoretische oder praktische Böden, vorzugsweise 3 bis 5 theoretische oder praktischen Böden) und können durch jedes geeignete Mittel realisiert werden, beispielsweise durch Stoffaustauschböden, durch Füllkörper (ungeordnete Packung) oder durch geordnete (strukturierte) Packung. Wegen der geringen Bodenzahl werden konventionelle Böden wie etwa Siebböden bevorzugt.These Mass transfer sections have a small extent (each for example 2 to 10 theoretical or practical trays, preferably 3 to 5 theoretical or practical soils) and can be replaced by any suitable Means be realized, for example, by mass transfer, through Packing (disordered Pack) or by ordered (structured) packing. Because of the low number of plates are preferred conventional soils such as sieve plates.
In
dem Ausführungsbeispiel
der
Eine
analoge Maßnahme
wird bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel
am Kopf der Niederdrucksäule
Auch
der Verdampfungsraum des Produktverdampfers
Die
leichterflüchtigen
Komponenten werden mit entsprechenden Restströmen
Das
hoch reine Stickstoffprodukt kann in dem Prozess von
Selbstverständlich kann
bei dem Verfahren von
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10339221A DE10339221A1 (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2003-08-26 | Production of pressurized nitrogen by low temperature decomposition of air in rectifier system comprises condensing no gas from upper region of high pressure column in indirect heat exchange with liquid from low pressure column |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10339221A DE10339221A1 (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2003-08-26 | Production of pressurized nitrogen by low temperature decomposition of air in rectifier system comprises condensing no gas from upper region of high pressure column in indirect heat exchange with liquid from low pressure column |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE10339221A1 true DE10339221A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
Family
ID=34202051
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE10339221A Withdrawn DE10339221A1 (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2003-08-26 | Production of pressurized nitrogen by low temperature decomposition of air in rectifier system comprises condensing no gas from upper region of high pressure column in indirect heat exchange with liquid from low pressure column |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE10339221A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1653183A1 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-05-03 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process and device for the cryogenic distillation of air |
-
2003
- 2003-08-26 DE DE10339221A patent/DE10339221A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1653183A1 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-05-03 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process and device for the cryogenic distillation of air |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1134525B1 (en) | Process for producing gaseous and liquid nitrogen with a variable quantity of liquid | |
EP1067345B1 (en) | Process and device for cryogenic air separation | |
EP1284404A1 (en) | Process and device for recovering a product under pressure by cryogenic air separation | |
EP1074805B1 (en) | Process for producing oxygen under pressure and device therefor | |
EP0948730B1 (en) | Method and device for producing compressed nitrogen | |
DE19609490A1 (en) | Oxygen-production process with reduced energy requirement | |
EP3019803B1 (en) | Method and device for oxygen production by low-temperature separation of air at variable energy consumption | |
EP0768503B1 (en) | Triple column air separation process | |
EP2053331A1 (en) | Method and device for low-temperature air separation | |
EP2551619A1 (en) | Method and device for extracting pressurised oxygen and pressurised nitrogen by cryogenic decomposition of air | |
DE19933558C5 (en) | Three-column process and apparatus for the cryogenic separation of air | |
DE10153919A1 (en) | Process for recovering highly pure oxygen from less pure oxygen in a distillation system comprises cooling the heat exchange fluid downstream of the high pressure column sump vaporizer and upstream of a pressure relieving device | |
EP1134524B1 (en) | Process for producing gaseous nitrogen | |
EP1189001B1 (en) | Process and apparatus for the production of high purity nitrogen through cryogenic air separation | |
DE102011113262A1 (en) | Process and apparatus for recovering pressure oxygen by cryogenic separation of air | |
DE10339221A1 (en) | Production of pressurized nitrogen by low temperature decomposition of air in rectifier system comprises condensing no gas from upper region of high pressure column in indirect heat exchange with liquid from low pressure column | |
DE4441920C1 (en) | Method and appliance for obtaining nitrogen by cryogenic separation of air | |
EP1189002A1 (en) | Process and apparatus for obtaining a gaseous product from cryogenic air separation | |
DE102010056569A1 (en) | Method for recovery of pressurized nitrogen product in distilling column system, involves making secondary portion of vaporized/pseudo-vaporized nitrogen flow in indirect heat exchange with oxygen-enriched liquid of high pressure column | |
DE10339217A1 (en) | Production of pressurized nitrogen by low temperature decomposition of air in a rectifier system comprises condensing no gas from the upper region of a high pressure column with a liquid from a low or high pressure column | |
DE102011113671A1 (en) | Method for cryogenic separation of air in distillation column system for nitrogen-oxygen separation, involves using portion of overhead gas of high pressure column as heating fluid in low pressure column bottom reboiler | |
EP1050728B1 (en) | Single column process and device for cryogenic air separation | |
DE10339223A1 (en) | Production of pressurized nitrogen by low temperature decomposition of air in a rectifier system for nitrogen-oxygen removal comprises feeding a fraction condensed in a sump vaporizer as first return liquid into a high pressure column | |
EP3255366A1 (en) | Method and device for generating a gaseous compressed oxygen product | |
DE10339229A1 (en) | Process for decomposing air at low temperatures in a rectifier system for nitrogen-oxygen removal comprises compressing a first air stream upstream of a cooling stage to a first pressure, and further processing |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |