DE10332505B3 - Air conditioning system for interior of motor vehicle driven by internal combustion engine has coolant circuit connection lines forming inner heat exchanger; evaporator is arranged inside vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The air conditioning system has a circuit (6) for a coolant with a compressor (2), a gas cooler (3), an expansion device and an evaporator (5). Connection lines forming the coolant circuit between the compressor and gas cooler and between the expansion device and the evaporator form an inner heat exchanger (7). The evaporator is arranged inside the vehicle.

Description

The The invention relates to an air conditioning system for an interior of a vehicle.

air conditioning for vehicles Serve both for heating and cooling vehicle interiors, in where people are. Air conditioning usually exists from a cycle for a refrigerant, in which various functional elements are interconnected.

In the publication DE 44 32 272 C2 a refrigeration system for the air conditioning of vehicles is described. Here, on a high-pressure side of a vapor compression cycle, a compressor, a gas cooler, a throttle means and an evaporator are arranged, which are connected in series and form an integral closed circuit. These generate a supercritical pressure for cooling with respect to a critical pressure of a refrigerant circulating in the vapor compression cycle. At the same time, a subcritical pressure is achieved on a low pressure side of the vapor compression circuit, wherein the refrigerant cooled on the low pressure side is supplied with heat energy in the evaporator. In this case, the refrigerant mass flow is varied in the vapor compression circuit by regulating the refrigerant flow rate in the compressor.

From the publication EP 0424 474 B1 For example, an apparatus for operating a transcritical vapor compression cycle is known. The compressor, gas cooler, throttling means and evaporator are connected in series and form a circuit. In this vapor compression cycle, the pressure on a high pressure side is above the critical point of the refrigerant and is regulated on the high pressure side of the vapor compression cycle.

In the publication DE 199 44 950 A1 An air conditioner comprising a refrigerant circuit including a compressor, an evaporator, a receiver disposed at a low pressure side between the evaporator and the compressor, and an internal heat exchanger having a high pressure side heat exchanger channel and a low pressure side heat exchanger channel will be described. The inner heat exchanger in this case has at least one coaxial tubing coiled in sections and / or provided with integrally formed helical webs between the outer and inner tubes. This air conditioner is used, for example, in motor vehicles.

Usually become in the systems known from the prior art, the components an air conditioner as parts of other assemblies and pre-assembly units introduced during assembly of the vehicle. So is a refrigerant evaporator mostly with a heating heat exchanger, Air distribution devices, an air filter, a fan, etc., which are combined in one in the air conditioning / heating unit, installed as part of the cockpit assembly in the vehicle.

One Air conditioning condenser for heat dissipation getting out of circulation becomes common together with the engine cooler assembled. An air conditioning compressor is pre-installed on the vehicle engine and installed with this unit in the vehicle. Other components are a filter / dryer unit, an expansion valve and various smaller components. These components are essentially in the engine compartment arranged individually and by cold medium lines connected by means of appropriate connection elements of the circuit.

such Connecting elements or separation points are on the one hand consuming and expensive, on the other hand, these connection points always considered as possible fault locations. Despite technical tightness remains an inevitable, lower Loss of refrigerant. Due to the climatic impact of the refrigerant, this is ecological establish undesirable.

Could these Losses would be reduced the reliability of the plant of the automobile due to reduced Service work to check and refill the refrigerant improved.

In front This background is an air conditioning with the features of the claim 1 proposed.

The inventive air conditioning for one Interior of a vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine indicates a cycle for refrigerant with a compressor, a condenser / gas cooler, an expansion device and an evaporator. There are circuit-forming connecting lines between the compressor and the condenser on the one hand and the expansion device and the evaporator, on the other hand, as an internal heat exchanger educated. Furthermore is provided that the Evaporator is arranged in the interior of the vehicle.

By this measure is achieved, for example, a transcritical working circuit for a refrigerant such as CO ₂ to design such that a powerful, demand-operable, efficient air conditioning, taking into account a simple and therefore cost-effective design for a Vehicle is provided.

A Air conditioning or the circuit of the refrigerant of an air conditioner is improved in terms of design. This results according to the invention by the existence Functional element of the circuit, namely the inner heat exchanger, at the same time circuit-forming connecting lines for the others Functional elements of the cycle embodied. In particular by suitable Arrangement within the vehicle, taking into account an interaction with other facilities for the function of the air conditioner are essential, their function optimized.

It is provided that the Evaporator is arranged in the interior of the vehicle. Other Functional components of the circuit, such as compressor, condenser, Expansion device but also a refrigerant filter, a pressure limiting device or a check valve can outside be arranged of the interior of the driving tool. Alternatively, next to the evaporator and the expansion device in the interior of the Vehicle be arranged. It can be provided that the evaporator and the expansion device in or in the immediate vicinity of the air supply device for the Interior are arranged. The circuit-forming connecting lines between the compressor and a preferably heat-emitting heat exchanger can be arranged in a front area of the vehicle.

The respective positioning of the individual functional elements within The vehicle is made according to thermodynamically favorable aspects. Possible Modifications are the circumstances within the vehicle or to the respective requirements regarding the function of the air conditioner customized. Thus, an air conditioning, the economic as well as ecological Requirements is provided.

In Another embodiment of the invention is provided that at least one of them as an internal heat exchanger trained connecting lines opens directly into a collection container. It can such a connecting line as part of the internal heat exchanger on a side close to the compressor directly into a collecting container and / or on a side close to the evaporator, open directly into a collection container.

Of Further, at least one of the formed as an inner heat exchanger connecting lines be completed or limited by a connection unit. To such a connection unit is a simple way any other functional component of the circuit can be connected. Consequently can the inner heat exchanger or can the connecting lines of the inner heat exchanger with one of Collection container or a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device but also with a refrigerant filter, a pressure relief device or a check valve ver be prevented. Such a compound can directly or indirectly, by connection with the Connection unit, be.

Preferably is a connecting line of the inner heat exchanger via a Connection unit with the evaporator and thus with the interior connected to the vehicle. Because of this versatility the possibilities to make connections within the cycle, its modularity is expanded.

at the air conditioner according to the invention can be provided that in the connection unit at least one functional element of the circuit is integrated. Such a functional element is through this measure also connected to the evaporator. The evaporator is with an inlet and a drain for the refrigerant equipped, each lead into the connection unit. In the inlet to the evaporator and thus in the connection unit can alone or in combination, at least one refrigerant filter and / or one Expansion device and / or a pressure limiting device and / or another functional element integrated or arranged be. In the drain from the evaporator and thus in the connection unit can at least one check valve be integrated or arranged. This connection unit can thus according to individual requirements with suitable functional elements be equipped. These form within the connection unit a compact assembly that works in a simple way with other functional elements the circuit can be modularly connected. In an assembly or repair must therefore no longer a lot of connections between many individual Functional elements solved or connected.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, formed as an inner heat exchanger connecting lines are divided in the direction of the compressor in a suction line and a pressure line. The suction line and the pressure line can be combined in a terminal block. These connecting lines in the direction of the evaporator can open in this variant in one of the collecting container, while the connecting lines open in the direction of the compressor and / or the condenser in another collecting container. The division of the connecting lines of the inner heat exchanger depends on the arrangement of the high-pressure part or the low-pressure part of the inner heat exchanger. In a possible embodiment of the invention, the verbin Training unit have functional characteristics of a collection container.

In addition, according to the invention be provided that in a housing of the collecting container or the connection unit connecting devices, in particular for the Evaporators, are integrated. These connection devices can as Circulation joints and / or fasteners for the evaporator be formed on the connection unit. Of course, about such connecting devices also other functional elements of the circuit, such as preferably the Connecting pipes of the internal heat exchanger, connected be. By this measure becomes a further contribution to the modular, advantageous training of the Delivered.

Of the internal heat exchanger the air conditioning system of the invention elevated the efficiency and Efficiency of the air conditioning in extreme climatic conditions. Furthermore forms the inner heat exchanger with the refrigerant containers required in the circuit or collection containers a unit in which further functional components can be integrated. This has the advantage that thereby the number of components and required component joints is reduced.

In Advantageous embodiment of the air conditioner according to the invention is the inner heat exchangers designed as a coaxial pipe system. This will be through complementary to each other consideration constructive and functional aspects of the design of the inner heat exchanger of entire circuit and thus the air conditioning improved.

Of the internal heat exchanger or individual connecting lines of the inner heat exchanger, the suction or Can be pressure lines, are with the collection container connected gas-tight and / or insoluble. This collection container can in a possible execution the invention as a receiver, which is arranged in the direction of the evaporator is, or as an accumulator, which is arranged in the direction of the compressor is, be trained.

ever if required, connecting lines between components the circulation in a front area of the vehicle and an evaporator, for example for cooling the air, in the interior of the vehicle in the air conditioning as internal heat exchanger, in particular in the form of a coaxial pipe system.

there The air conditioning system can be used to heat and cool an interior of a car Vehicle be formed.

The powerful according to the invention and efficiently operated air conditioning will meet high demands Vehicle construction in terms of compact and modular design just.

by virtue of the small number of joints within the circuit The air conditioner will be a simple and error free installation as well favorable Maintenance allows.

The Use of prefabricated component and component groups, in particular Connection units as proposed by the invention, opens up in the vehicle body high cost reduction potential, reduces unavoidable refrigerant losses and allows thus also at very high working pressures and problematic physical Properties of the refrigerant a reliable air conditioning.

advantageous Further developments and embodiments of the invention will become apparent the dependent claims and from the principle described below with reference to the drawing Embodiments.

there shows:

1 a schematic schematic diagram of a circuit of an air conditioner,

2 a schematic schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the invention,

3 a schematic schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the invention,

4 a schematic schematic diagram of a detail of an embodiment of the invention,

5 a schematic schematic diagram of a further detail of an embodiment of the invention,

6 a detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of the invention, and

7 a detailed schematic diagram of a further embodiment of the invention.

1 schematically shows a schematic diagram in a circuit 1 , in particular a vapor compression circuit, an air conditioner. Within the cycle 1 are connected in series a compressor or compressor 2 , a capacitor 3 or gas cooler, a throttle or expansion device 4 and an evaporator 5 arranged. Here is the compressor 2 with respect to a refrigerant mass flow of Refrigerant within the circuit 1 adjustable or throughput adjustable.

2 shows schematically in a schematic diagram according to the 1 working cycle 1 in a possible embodiment, in total with the reference numeral 6 designated. The alternative circuit to the previous embodiment 6 unlike the cycle 1 an internal heat exchanger 7 and a receiver 8th , also buffer tank. A throttle means is here as a constant throttle valve 9 executed. These additional components of the circuit 6 are with the in 1 shown components, in particular the evaporator 5 in the cycle 6 connected in series for a refrigerant.

It is provided that the inner heat exchanger 7 from circulating connecting lines between the compressor 2 and the gas cooler 3 on the one hand and the expansion device 9 and the evaporator 5 on the other hand is formed.

Here is a high pressure part of the inner heat exchanger 7 between the gas cooler 3 and the constant throttle valve 9 on a high pressure side 11 of the circulation 6 arranged. While a low-pressure part of the inner heat exchanger 7 on a low pressure side 10 of the circulation 6 between evaporator 5 and compressors 2 located.

The receiver 8th or buffer tank is on the one hand with an outlet of the evaporator 5 and on the other hand with an outlet with the low pressure part of the inner heat exchanger 7 , which can also be designed as a countercurrent heat exchanger connected.

3 shows schematically in a schematic diagram according to the 1 working cycle 1 in an alternative variant as circulation 13 with an internal heat exchanger 7 which consists of circuit-forming connecting lines. At the same time, circulation is different 13 from the circulation 6 from the 2 by using one as an accumulator 14 trained storage container instead of the receiver 8th according to the 2 A throttling agent is here as in 1 as an expansion device 4 educated.

In the cycle 13 is a high pressure part of the inner heat exchanger 7 between the gas cooler 3 and the constant throttle valve or the expansion device 4 on a high pressure side 15 of the cycle 13 arranged while a low pressure part of the inner heat exchanger 7 on the low pressure side 16 between evaporator 5 and compressor 2 located.

The storage tank 14 on the one hand with an outlet at the low pressure part of the heat exchanger 7 and on the other hand connected to an inlet of the compressor.

4 shows in detail a portion of a circuit for a refrigerant. This section has a refrigerant filter in serial arrangement 17 , an expansion device 4 and a pressure limiting device or a pressure limiting element 18 in a flow (inlet) to the evaporator 5 and a check valve 19 downstream in the return (outlet) of the evaporator 5 on. In this case, the expansion device 4 in a possible embodiment according to the 3 alternatively be designed as a constant throttle valve.

5 shows in detail a portion of a circuit for a refrigerant with serial arrangement of the following components or functional components: a refrigerant filter 17 , an expansion device 4 , alternatively also constant throttle valve and a pressure limiting element 18 that are in a flow to an evaporator 5 located, and a check valve 19 in a return of the evaporator 5 ,

All these components are within one connection unit 21 as an assembly outside an interior 50 a vehicle summarized. The evaporator 5 however, is inside the interior 50 of the vehicle, spatially separated from the other components.

Both the flow and the return of the evaporator 5 serve as circuit connection points 22 between the connection unit 21 and thus a region outside the interior space with the functional components arranged correspondingly there and a region inside the interior with the evaporator 5 , The pressure limiting element 18 can in a connecting element of the circuit connection point 22 be integrated.

6 shows in detail a cycle 60 for a refrigerant having a serial arrangement of a high pressure part of an internal heat exchanger 7 formed of circulation forming connecting pipes, a refrigerant filter 17 , an expansion device 4 and a pressure limiting element 18 , which at the same time in a supply (inlet) to an evaporator 5 are arranged. In a return (outlet) of the evaporator 5 there is a check valve 19 ,

A low pressure part of the inner heat exchanger 7 is with an accumulator 14 as a unit in a collection container 26 gathered outside an interior of a vehicle.

In addition, the cycle indicates 60 joints 22 for inside the interior 50 the vehicle located evaporator 5 as well as a compressor 2 and capacitor 3 or gas scoop outside the interior 50 of the vehicle. The check valve 19 is between the inner heat exchanger 7 and in the return (outlet) of the evaporator 5 arranged.

The collection container 26 which can also be designed as an accumulator in a possible embodiment, is between the inner heat exchanger 7 and capacitor 3 or gas cooler and compressor 2 arranged. The arrangement of the capacitor 3 or gas cooler and the compressor 2 can in modification of the 6 be reversed in a possible embodiment of the invention.

In the arrangement shown, there is an assembly or connection unit 21 from filter element 17 , Expansion unit 4 , Pressure limiting element 18 and check valve 19 , The connection unit 21 is equipped with circuit connection points and serves immediately as the inner heat exchanger 7 to the side of the evaporator 5 end limiting tail.

Thus, in this particular embodiment, a running from coaxial piping according to the countercurrent principle working inner heat exchanger 7 directly to a terminal block of the collection container 26 for the lines of the circuit can not be solved and connected gas or refrigerant tight.

In a connection block for the connection unit 21 can next to circulatory junctions 22 and fasteners 23 also the filter element 17 , the expansion device 4 , a pressure limiting element 18 in the inlet to the evaporator 15 and a check valve 19 be arranged in the drain of the evaporator.

In a possible Embodiment of the invention can Pressure and / or Temperaturmeßstellen to Control or monitoring the function of the system within individual components of the circuit be integrated.

7 shows in detail a cycle 70 the refrigerant in a serial arrangement within the high pressure part of the inner heat exchanger 7 , a refrigerant filter 17 , a constant throttle valve or an expansion unit 4 and a pressure limiting element 18 , which is also in a flow to the evaporator 5 are arranged. A check valve 19 is located in a return of the evaporator 5 ,

A connection unit 27 and a low pressure part of the inner heat exchanger 7 are as a unit outside an interior 50 of the vehicle. These are with junctions to the circuit for inside the interior 50 the vehicle located evaporator 5 as well as a compressor 3 and capacitor 2 outside the interior 50 connected to the vehicle. The arrangements of the capacitor 3 and the compressor 2 can in modification of the 6 be reversed in a possible embodiment of the invention.

Refrigerant filter 17 , Constant throttle valve or expansion device 4 and pressure limiting element 18 in the flow to the evaporator 5 of the refrigerant and the check valve 19 in the return are in the connection unit 27 between inner heat exchanger 7 and evaporator 5 arranged.

Furthermore, the inner heat exchanger opens 7 in a Kreislaufverbindungselemeet for a suction line of the compressor 2 and a return line of the capacitor 3 , It is in the connection unit 27 next to the filter element 17 , the expansion unit 4 , the pressure limiting element 18 and the check valve 19 a receiver housing 8th integrated, as the tail of the inner heat exchanger 7 Limited to the side of the evaporator. It is on the other side of the existing coaxial tubes inner heat exchanger 7 especially with the receiver housing 8th indissoluble and / or gas or refrigerant tight connected.

Thus, in a particular embodiment, a running from coaxial pipes countercurrent operating internal heat exchanger 7 directly with the connection unit 27 not be solvable and / or connected to gas or refrigerant tight.

In the connection unit 27 and / or the receiver housing 8th can also be circuit connection points 22 and fasteners 23 be included. On the other side is the coaxial tube inner heat exchanger 7 in a connection block 24 arranged next to the circulation joints 25 also fasteners 23 may contain. In one possible embodiment, pressure and / or temperature measuring points for controlling or monitoring the system function can be integrated into this component.

With in the embodiments The invention shown is a circuit for a refrigerant of an air conditioner provided, all necessary circuit components or - components includes, but only a small number of joints required. Of the Circulation is characterized, in particular for costly to be sealed refrigerant, cost-effective, safe to operate and less susceptible to faults.

Claims (9)

Air conditioning for an interior ( 50 ) of a driven by an internal combustion engine driving stuff with a cycle ( 1 . 6 . 13 . 60 . 70 ) for a refrigerant with a compressor ( 2 ), a gas cooler ( 3 ), an expansion device ( 4 ) and an evaporator ( 5 ), wherein circuit-forming connecting lines between the compressor ( 2 ) and the gas cooler ( 3 ) on the one hand and the expansion device ( 4 ) and the evaporator ( 5 ) on the other hand as an internal heat exchanger ( 7 ), wherein the evaporator ( 5 ) in the interior ( 50 ) of the vehicle is arranged. An air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said inner heat exchangers ( 7 ) formed connecting lines directly into a collecting container ( 24 . 26 ) opens. Air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 or 2, in which at least one of the internal heat exchangers ( 7 ) formed connecting lines through a connection unit ( 21 . 27 ) is limited. Air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which in the connection unit ( 21 . 27 ) at least one functional element ( 4 . 17 . 18 . 19 ) of the cycle ( 1 . 6 . 13 ) is integrated. Air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which the evaporator ( 5 ) via at least one line to the connection unit ( 21 . 27 ) connected is. Air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which the internal heat exchanger ( 7 ) formed connecting lines in the direction of the compressor ( 2 ) are divided into a suction line and a pressure line. Air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which in a housing of the collecting container ( 24 . 26 ) Connection devices ( 22 . 23 ) are integrated. Air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which the internal heat exchanger ( 7 ) is designed as a coaxial pipe system. Air conditioning system according to one of claims 2 to 8, in which the internal heat exchanger ( 7 ) with the collecting container ( 24 . 26 ) connected is.