DE10332222B4 - Transmission, transmission series and method of manufacturing a transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

Transmission,
comprising at least one spur gear stage comprising a first and a second spur gear with center distance a,
in which
a housing of the transmission comprises at least a first and a second housing part,
wherein the first spur gear is rotatably mounted in the first housing part,
wherein the second spur gear is rotatably mounted in the second housing part,
wherein the first and second housing parts are pivotable relative to each other about a pivot point such that the axial spacing a of the spur gears is adjustable,
wherein the two housing parts are detachably connected by means of fastening means, which are provided in round recesses,
wherein the fulcrum is arranged outside the line connecting the axial centers of the spur gears and outside the range of the spur gears such that the axis of rotation does not intersect the spur gears.

Description

The The invention relates to a transmission, a transmission series and a method for the manufacture or for the production of a transmission.

at the assembly of spur gears with involute-toothed gears is an exact adjustment of the center distance due to the involute toothing unnecessary.

From the US 3,383,947 A a gear motor is known in which a pinion is mounted in an enclosing part, which part is pivotable against another part in which a spur gear is mounted. Both parts are held by means of two mounting screws, one of the two screws after loosening in a slot by means of an adjusting screw ( 2 , Reference number 32 ) is adjustable and movable. In this way, the pinion is quickly interchangeable with a larger or smaller pinion. In addition, by means of the displaceability in the slot, the engagement condition of the two Stirnradverzahnungen controllable. In particular, the engagement conditions can be easily changed and thus it is possible to optimize the noise emission. However, the slot is expensive and expensive to manufacture. In addition, the adjustment of the axial distance by moving in this slot in each manufactured gear is necessary. However, the operators require time to adjust, which means that the transmission can only be offered costly on the market. From the abstract JP 60040866 AA is a Gleichgeartetes gear known.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a transmission of a transmission series, in particular to form a servo drive, in a cost effective manner educate, with the production quickly and easily executable and depending on the requirements of the customer different variants can be manufactured should.

According to the invention Task in the transmission according to claim 1 or 2, wherein Transmission according to claim 19 and in the method of Manufacturing or for the production of a transmission according to the claim 20 specified characteristics solved.

Important Features of the invention in the transmission are that the transmission comprises at least one spur gear stage comprising a first and a second spur gear with center distance a comprises, wherein the housing of the Gear at least a first and a second housing part comprising, wherein the first spur gear in the first housing part rotatable about an axis is mounted, wherein the second spur gear in the second housing part is rotatably mounted about an axis, wherein first and second housing part are pivotable about a pivot point such that the center distance a of the spur gears, in particular for adjusting the game, is adjustable, wherein the Fulcrum outside arranged the connecting line of the axial centers of the spur gears is. In particular, the two housing parts by means of screws fastened, which are provided in round recesses. When round recesses are for example drilled holes, threaded holes or The like, providable, having such a large inner diameter, that at least one of the screws within the recess displaceable can be arranged and thus the pivotal movement of the housing parts executable around the fulcrum is.

From The advantage here is that the housing parts in greater Tolerance are manufacturable, so cost-effective, and by the tolerances resulting games and center distances then adjustable by turning and / or pivoting the housing parts. The rotation allows So the compensation caused by the large tolerances Deviations on the gearbox housing.

Of Furthermore, a direct attachment of an electric motor is advantageous allows wherein the A-end shield of the electric motor is a housing-forming function for the transmission Has. In such a geared motor is then the entire electric motor with A-bearing plate against the gear rotatable for adjustment of the game and center distance. So this is turning and adjusting even under operation of the electric motor executable, in which case the gearing parts of the gearbox and turn.

Further It is advantageous that the center of rotation is far outside the area of the connecting line of the spur gears is located. Especially the center of rotation is not in centric position but outside the range of the spur gears, especially even outside of the entire executable Swivel movement covered Area. This requires that only a relatively small rotation angle to achieve a great center distance necessary is. Furthermore, only a small housing volume necessary, because even with a small pivoting movement a large change in the axle distance is feasible. Because the center of rotation has a very large distance from the axis of the spur gear to be rotated. Because the pivot point is exemplary is providable on the edge or on an edge of the housing is so In principle, only a small housing necessary to achieve large Achsabstandsänderungen. In doing so, advantageously the position of the axis of the shifts To waving spur not much more than the effected axle distance change.

In an advantageous embodiment is zwi rule first and second housing part provided a compressible seal. The advantage here is that the transmission is tight and high degree of protection executable.

at an advantageous embodiment, first and second housing part detachably connectable with screws and around the pivot point when the screws are not fully tightened rotatable by a finite angle amount, in particular less than 1 °, wherein the seal is compressed. The advantage here is that no Tilting of the housing parts allows is because of the already generated by the screws tightening force. Thus, the housing parts are well defined rotatable. After running the last turn, the screws are fully tightened. This last one Tightening leads but not to a disturbing change of the game or center distance.

at an advantageous embodiment, the transmission is designed in two stages, wherein the transmission includes as the driving stage, the spur gear and as second stage comprises an angular gear stage. It is advantageous that for Servo and thus positioning applications an easy to manufacture and cost-effective Angular gear with electric motor can be produced, the game the angular gear stage and the spur gear each separately adjustable is and thus a backlash-free or at least low-backlash gear can be produced.

at an advantageous embodiment of the fulcrum by means of a Sleeve formed. The advantage here is that a low-cost adapter sleeve providable is.

at an advantageous embodiment performs at least one of the connecting screws through the sleeve therethrough. The advantage here is that at the formed by the sleeve Fulcrum a connection screw is providable and thus no further drilling for this connection screw is providable.

at an advantageous embodiment of the fulcrum is outside the connecting line of the axial centers of the spur gears oriented. In particular, the connecting line has one of the axle centers the spur wheels to the fulcrum with the connecting line of the axis centers of spur gears an angle of more than 20 °. The advantage here is that small rotation angle to much larger axial distance changes to lead as if the pivot about or exactly on the connecting line would be.

at an advantageous embodiment, the second housing part an A-bearing flange of an electric motor housing forming part for the electric motor and housing-forming Part for The gear. The advantage here is that a direct attachment of the electric motor allows is and thus parts can be saved, in particular housing forming and bearing forming parts.

at an advantageous embodiment, the second spur gear with the Motor shaft of the electric motor connected without play and / or glued. The advantage here is that a total of play free as a servo drive suitable geared motor with simple means in less expensive Way can be produced.

at an advantageous embodiment is the compressible Seal on a smaller radius than the pivot point. Advantageous is that the seal in the rotational movements of the invention is only exposed to small shifts and thus only slightly burdened becomes.

• – erstes und zweites Gehäuseteil um einen Drehpunkt derart gedreht werden, dass das Spiel verschwindet,
• – und danach erstes und zweites Gehäuseteil um den Drehpunkt um einen definierten Winkelbetrag derart zurückgedreht werden, dass ein definiertes Spiel, insbesondere ein sehr kleines Spiel, vorgesehen ist.

Important features of the invention in the method are that the transmission comprises at least one spur gear stage comprising a first and a second spur gear with center distance a, wherein the housing of the transmission comprises at least a first and a second housing part,
wherein during assembly of the transmission to the game setting

• - First and second housing part are rotated about a pivot point such that the game disappears,
• - And then the first and second housing part are rotated back about the pivot point by a defined angular amount such that a defined game, especially a very small game, is provided.

From The advantage here is that the parts can have great tolerance, because by the method according to the invention compensate for the resulting from the tolerances games and center distances are. About that In addition, the method is so simple that it is not only in the Production but also in the maintenance of the customer's plant of a semi-skilled force executable are. Special expertise is required for the implementation of the Procedure not required. In addition, the method with or executable without tools, except tools for tightening the connecting and fixing screws.

at an advantageous embodiment, the spur gears during the Turning the housing parts driven by the fulcrum of an electric motor. Advantageous is that the found setting is not one on the circumference a spur gear occurring local deviation is determined, but the found setting the surface course of both spur gears total considered.

at an advantageous embodiment of the center distance instead of the game a set by means of the rotations about the fulcrum. Advantageous is that this geometric size to a predetermined Value is directly adjustable.

Further Advantages emerge from the subclaims.

1

shell

2

connecting screw

3

first housing part

4

second Housing part, A-bearing flange of the engine

5

O-ring

6

first spur gear

7

second spur gear

8th

mounting screws

9

Opening for oil drain plug

10

camp

11

Shaft seal

12

input drive wave

13

pinion

14

wheel

15

camp

16

locknut

41

first Rotational position of the second housing part

42

second Rotational position of the second housing part

The Invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to figures:

In the 1b is shown a plan view of the transmission.

In the 1a an AA section of the transmission is shown, which is designed as a two-stage bevel gear, wherein the driving stage is a spur gear and the driven stage is an angular gear stage.

In the 2a the adjustment movement is shown by means of two rotational positions ( 41 . 42 ) of the first housing part 4 with associated spur gear.

In the 2c the gearbox is shown with zero clearance.

In the 2 B the gearbox is shown with a defined, very small, but non-disappearing game.

In the three a transmission is shown, in which the axial distance is determined by means of two sleeves, wherein after removal of one of the two sleeves, an axial distance is adjustable.

In the 1a is shown as the driving stage, a spur gear of a transmission according to the invention, wherein the input-side shaft 12 with the first spur gear 6 is connected without play. This is the first spur gear 6 on the input-side shaft 12 glued. Alternatively, it is also connectable by means of a press fit, shrink bonding or by means of a positive connection. Instead of a backlash-free adhesion so also a backlash-free positive engagement by means of pressed-in material toothing of a shaft with external teeth or a spur gear with internal toothing is providable. The toothing is optionally executable as a knurl.

As associated first housing part 4 the A-end shield of an electric motor is used.

The first housing part 4 and the second housing part three have opposite holes such that a sleeve 1 in the bores can be introduced, which are used as a fulcrum. Around this fulcrum thus created are the first housing part 4 and the second housing part three against each other in the in the 2a rotatable manner shown. The sleeve 1 is designed as a fitting sleeve. 2a shows a first rotational position 41 of the first housing part and a second rotational position 42 of the first housing part.

The first spur gear 6 is by means of the input-side shaft 12 over the camp 10 in the first housing part 4 stored and thus mitdrehbar with this. The shaft seal 11 serves to drive-side sealing of the transmission and is by means of a chamfer on one side and by means of the bearing 10 held in the axial position on the other side. The second spur gear 7 is by means of the warehouse 15 in the housing part three stored and thus in a corresponding manner with the second housing part three connected rotatable. For bearing adjustment and axial fixation of the second spur gear 7 is the groove nut 16 screwed onto the pinion shaft and secured and fixed by means of adhesive.

Thus, by relative rotation of the first against the second housing part ( three . 4 ) the clearance and the center distance a between the spur gears adjustable.

For the use of the transmission as a servo gear, so as suitable for accurate positioning gearbox, the gearbox is free of play or extremely low backlash. This is according to the embodiment of the invention according to 1a provided with the two-stage gear as a driving stage angle gear stage by moving the wheel 14 in its axial direction, the game of this second stage set to a small or even vanishing value. Preferably, in this setting, the gearing parts, in particular So the wheel 14 and the pinion 13 , set in motion by a motor. In this way, then the found setting is not dependent on a local, in particular microscopic, deviation.

In further embodiments of the invention is the angle gear, comprising wheel 14 and pinion 13 , as a bevel gear, Spiroplangetriebe or hypoid gear executed.

For the clearance and / or distance adjustment of the first stage of the two-stage transmission, the first against the second housing part with the mounting screws 8th and the connecting screw 2 tightened so tightly that the O-ring 5 compressed as a compressible, elastically executed seal, that is compressed, but said screws ( 2 . 8th ) are not fully dressed yet. Thus, the housing parts can still be against each other by the through the sleeve 1 turn the fulcrum formed.

In the 2a the assembly state of the gearbox is shown at an axial distance a1 resulting from the installation, whereby the screws ( 2 . 8th ) are attracted in the manner described, but not yet fully to the stop. It shows 2a a first rotational position 41 of the first housing part at the axial distance a1 and a second rotational position 42 of the first housing part.

The Setting takes place thereafter in a first step in that the housing parts be turned so far that zero play is present. For this the center distance is a2. To protect the toothing is then by turning back to a defined, extremely small angular amount of the center distance a3 set.

exemplary Values are for a1 = 60.3 mm and a2 = 59.94 mm and a3 = 60.00 mm.

In other embodiments of the invention, the transmission is designed as a single-stage spur gear. In this case, then the game and / or the center distance can be in the same way by turning around by means of the sleeve 1 set the pivot point. Thus, low-backlash or even backlash-free spur gear can be produced.

In the 1b is the opening 9 shown for an oil drain plug, which is also used during assembly for insertion or removal of control or measuring means, in particular for further verification of the game or of the contact pattern related sizes.

In another embodiment of the invention, an adapter is used instead of an electric motor. In this case, then the first housing part 4 Part of the adapter housing and the first spur gear 6 with the adapter shaft as the driving shaft 12 connected without play. To the adapter is then input side another motor connectable, which would otherwise not be directly connected to the transmission.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in three shown. It is not just at one position a sleeve 1 with connecting screw 2 as in the embodiment according to 1b used but also at a further position turn a sleeve 1 with connecting screw 2 , In particular, one of the three positions of the fastening screws is suitable as such a further position 8th at 1b , So it is such a fastening screw 8th removed and through a sleeve 1 with a connecting screw 2 replaced. In this case, all parts are dimensioned and constructed so that pivoting is no longer possible if both sleeves 1 with the associated connecting screws 2 be used. This is particularly advantageous in a two- or multi-stage transmission, such as a two-stage transmission 1a and 1b , Because if the translation of the driving spur gear following gear stage is large, the existing game of the driving spur gear stage causes the output side only a small contribution to the game of the transmission. However, if the gear ratio of the driving spur gear following step is small, even a small clearance of the driving spur gear stage on the output side would contribute greatly to the play of the gear. Therefore, in the latter case, the sleeve 1 removed the further position, which in turn pivoting for adjusting the axial distance and clearance of the driving Stirnradgetriebestufe is made possible. In a transmission series, which consists of several by means of geometric and / or physical parameters, such as output side shaft height or maximum transmissible power, definable sizes, which in turn each comprise at least two variants differing in the translation numbers, so are within a size at several different Variants the same housing parts usable. In the presentation of the three is left top and top right each one connecting screw 2 with a sleeve 1 used and thus the center distance a4 fixed. Depending on the gear ratio of the gear parts is so by merely removing the sleeve 1 from the further position allows pivoting or by inserting said sleeve 1 at this further position, a pan preventable. A significant advantage achieved by this is that a cost reduction is achieved because the same housing parts are always usable, although Varian th with different gear ratios can be produced. In three is the removal of the sleeve 1 optional top left or right top executable. After removal, use a fixing screw at the appropriate place.

In a further embodiment of the invention Only connecting screws without sleeves are used. Thus is the center distance with the aid of a device in which the gearbox is clamped, adjustable by the two housing parts be moved against each other. A fulcrum is not available.

On This way are in the transmission series three variants of the transmission manufacturable, one of which has a pivot around a sleeve, another variant has a fixed predetermined axial distance and another variant adjustable by means of said device is. The variant with the two sleeves, with which the center distance fixed is predetermined leads at a very low cost Gear, which, however, has a game. The setting is at appropriate Customer requirements are not necessary and therefore the associated costs einsparbar. The version with pivot point is quick and easy to adjust and leads thus to a gear with zero clearance or otherwise set small game, whereby the game is also a service technician in the field. The variant without sleeves is adjustable only during production with the device mentioned, needed but fewer parts overall.

Consequently can within the series a gearbox in three variants, depending on Number of sleeves used accomplished become. Thus, the transmission is cost-effective with or according to the customer's requirement manufacturable without play, with the variant with game cheaper is manufacturable.

Under the terms screws, fixing screws and connecting screws In the present document always other equally effective Means or fasteners to be understood, such as Stay bolt with associated nut.

Claims (22)

Transmission, comprising at least one spur gear stage, comprising a first and a second spur gear with center distance a, in which one casing the transmission at least a first and a second housing part includes, wherein the first spur gear in the first housing part is rotatably mounted, wherein the second spur gear in the second Rotatable housing part is stored, wherein first and second housing part about a pivot point be pivoted to each other such that the axial distance a of the spur gears adjustable is the two housing parts detachable by means of fasteners are connected, which are provided in round recesses, in which the fulcrum outside the connecting line of the axial centers of the spur gears and outside the Range of the spur gears is arranged such that the axis of rotation is not the spur gears cuts. Transmission, comprising at least one spur gear stage, comprising a first and a second spur gear with center distance a, thereby marked that a housing of the transmission at least a first and a second housing part includes, wherein the first spur gear in the first housing part is rotatably mounted, wherein the second spur gear in the second Rotatable housing part is stored, the transmission being the first variant with at least two Connecting screws and each associated sleeve, the partially enclose a respectively assigned connecting screw and together with the respective connecting screw in round recesses are arranged, for connecting the first and second housing part can be produced, and wherein the transmission as a second variant instead with the two connecting screws each assigned Sleeve with a fixing screw and with a connecting screw with associated sleeve can be produced, wherein in the first variant first and second housing part around the pivot point are not pivotally, so the axial distance so at least by means of the two sleeves is set, and wherein in the second variant first and second housing part around a pivot point formed within a circular recess are pivotable so that the axial distance a of the spur gears adjustable is wherein the fulcrum outside the connecting line of Achsmittelpunkte the spur gears and outside of Range of the spur gears is arranged such that the axis of rotation is not the spur gears cuts. Transmission according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that holes are provided as round recesses. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the round recesses are circular. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the In Nendurchmesser of the recesses is greater than that provided in the region of the recesses diameter of the fastening means that the fastening means at least partially surrounding further means is providable. Transmission according to claim 5, characterized that the further agent is a sleeve is Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that as fastening means at least one web pin with associated Nut or as a fastening means provided at least one screw are. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that between the first and second housing part a compressible seal is provided. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the pivotable about the pivot point embodiment of the transmission first and second housing part ( three . 4 ) are releasably connectable with screws or stud bolts and are rotatable about the pivot point at not completely tightened screws by a finite angle amount, wherein the seal is compressed. Transmission according to claim 9, characterized that the finite angle amount is less than 1 °. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the transmission is designed in two stages, wherein the transmission comprises as a driving step, the spur gear and as a second stage comprises an angular gear stage. Transmission according to at least one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that in the pivotable about the pivot point embodiment of the transmission, the pivot point by means of a sleeve 1 is formed. Transmission according to at least one of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that at least one of the connecting screws through a sleeve leads through. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that at the pivotable about the pivot point of the transmission the connecting line of one of the axial centers of the spur gears to Fulcrum with the connecting line of the axial centers of the spur gears an angle of more than 20 °. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first housing part is an A-bearing flange an electric motor is. Transmission according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the first housing part is a flange of an adapter or a motor adapter or other device. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the second spur gear with the motor shaft of a Electric motor is connected without play and / or glued. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that at the pivotable about the pivot point of the transmission a compressible seal a smaller distance to the axis of a Spur gear of the spur gear has as the fulcrum. Gear unit series the at least two variants a transmission, wherein each variant has at least one spur gear stage comprising a first and a second spur gear with center distance a comprises, characterized in that a housing of the Gear at least a first and a second housing part includes, wherein the first spur gear in the first housing part is rotatably mounted, wherein the second spur gear in the second Rotatable housing part is stored, the transmission being the first variant with at least two Connecting screws and each associated sleeve, the The respectively associated connecting screw partially enclose, for Connection of the first and second housing part can be produced, and the gearbox being a second variant instead of the two connecting bolts each with associated sleeve with a fixing screw and with a connecting screw with associated sleeve can be produced, wherein in the first variant first and second housing part can not be pivoted about the pivot point, so the center distance by the two sleeves is set, and wherein in the second variant first and second housing part are pivotable about a pivot point such that the center distance a of the spur gears is adjustable, wherein the fulcrum outside the connecting line of Achsmittelpunkte the spur gears and outside of Range of the spur gears is arranged such that the axis of rotation is not the spur gears cuts. A method of manufacturing a transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the transmission comprises at least one spur gear stage comprising first and second spur gears with axle off Stand a comprises, characterized in that a housing of the transmission comprises at least a first and a second housing part, wherein in the assembly of the gear for game adjustment - screws are tightened for connection of the housing parts such that a provided between the housing parts seal is compressed, but the screws are not yet fully tightened, - first and second housing part are rotated about a pivot point formed within a round recess so that the game disappears, - and then first and second housing part are rotated back about the pivot point by a defined angular amount such that a defined game is provided, wherein the angular amount is limited by moving the screws within a respective associated round recess, - and then the screws are fully tightened. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that that the spur gears while the rotation of the housing parts be driven around the pivot point by an electric motor. Method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized that the recess is a borehole.