DE10328228C5 - Compact drive - Google Patents

Abstract

Compact drive, comprising an electric motor supplied by a converter and a gear (40), the output shaft (8) of the gear (40) and the rotor shaft (13) being arranged parallel to one another, the center distance between the output shaft (8) and the rotor shaft (13 ) is determined by a gear stage, which consists of a pinion (14) which is positively and / or non-positively connected to the rotor shaft (13) and a gear (10) designed as a spur gear which is connected to the output shaft (8), the The rotor shaft (13) and the output shaft (8) of the gearbox (40) are mounted in the same housing part, the converter being arranged on the side of the rotor shaft (13), the gearbox area against the environment and against the area of the electric motor and against the electronics area (17 ), ie the area of the converter, is sealed, the electronics area (17) not being sealed off from the area of the electric motor, with a gear stage as a spur gear The electric motor is a permanently excited synchronous motor, the electric motor having a transmitter, with only a single shaft sealing ring (15) running on the rotor shaft (13), which seals the transmission area from the area of the electric motor, with three other shaft sealing rings ( 2, 5, 7) run on the output shaft (8), of which the first (5) of the three other shaft sealing rings seals the gear area against the space area of the electric motor and the second (2) of the three other shaft sealing rings seals the area of the electric motor against the environment and the third (7) of the three other shaft sealing rings seals the transmission area from the environment, electrical connection devices for power lines being provided on a housing part of the compact drive.

Description

The invention relates to a compact drive.

From the DE 197 14 784 A1 a compact drive is known which comprises an electric motor, on the one end face of which a gearbox and on the other end face of which a converter is arranged. The electronics area or the motor area must be sealed against the gearbox. The disadvantage here is that there is a large axial length and an output can only be provided on one end face of the compact drive.

From the DE 201 07 326 U1 an electromotive adjustment device is known.

From the DE 201 07 324 U1 a compact drive is known.

From the DE 202 07 519 U1 an electromotive actuator is known.

From the JP 2002 - 336 305 A a motor device with a brake is known.

From the DE 199 13 833 A1 a drive system for transmitting rotating movements is known.

From the DE 42 01 373 A1 an O-ring seal for a geared motor is known.

From the DE 77 18 904 U1 a stepless cone pulley belt transmission for a motor vehicle is known.

From the DE 199 81 897 T5 a geared motor is known.

From the EP 1 049 234 B1 a drive unit is known.

From the EP 1 231 701 B1 an electric motor is known.

The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a compact drive while avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages. In particular, axial length should be saved and as many output variants as possible, that is to say single-sided and double-sided output, should be possible.

According to the invention the object is achieved in the compact drive according to the features specified in claim 1.

Essential features of the invention in the compact drive are that it comprises at least one electric motor, a transmission and a converter, the output shaft of the transmission and the rotor shaft being arranged parallel to one another.

The advantage here is that the axial length can be saved and single-sided and double-sided output can be carried out.

According to the invention, the electric motor is a synchronous motor. The advantage here is that highly dynamic positioning tasks can be carried out by the compact drive and / or high torque is available over the entire speed range.

According to the invention, the converter is arranged on the side of the rotor shaft. The advantage here is that the overall length can be saved and both sides of the output shaft are accessible, that is to say a two-sided output can be provided.

According to the invention, the transmission area is sealed against the environment and against the area of the motor and against the electronics area. The advantage here is that the transmission area may include lubricating oil and the electronics as well as the stator and rotor parts remain protected from the lubricant.

According to the invention, the motor comprises an encoder arranged at one end of the rotor shaft. The advantage here is that the compact drive can be used for positioning tasks and the encoder is protected by the housing of the compact drive. At the other end of the rotor shaft, a brake can be connected, which can also be protected by the housing of the compact drive.

According to the invention, the rotor shaft and at least one shaft of the transmission are mounted in the same housing part. The advantage here is that an exact alignment of the shafts with respect to one another can already be achieved during the manufacture and machining of the housing part. This is because the housing part can be finished in just one clamping and the relative position of the bearing seats can thus be aligned very precisely with respect to one another.

In an advantageous embodiment, the transmission area, the area of the motor and the electronics area are at approximately the same temperature level. The advantage here is that no thermal insulation is necessary and thus material, mass and costs can be saved.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the motor does not contain an encoder, but the position is determined using an estimation method, which saves axial installation space.

It is also an essential advantage of the invention that the rotor shaft remains completely inside the housing and thus no seals from the rotor shaft to the surroundings are necessary. A single shaft sealing ring running on the rotor shaft is therefore sufficient. Since the rotor shaft can have a high rotational speed, the heat production is thus much smaller than in the case of a motor which has two shaft sealing rings, in particular at its two axial ends of the rotor shaft.

The output shaft has, for example, three shaft sealing rings. However, since the speed is much lower than with the rotor shaft, the total heat production is smaller than with a drive solution in which both the rotor shaft and the output shaft have two shaft sealing rings.

In an advantageous embodiment of the transmission, at least one spur gear stage is used, as a result of which the axial length decreases and a cost-optimal solution is created.

In an advantageous embodiment, the gear stage is designed as an adjusting gear with a variable transmission ratio, as a result of which the wear of the transmission stage from the speed range is minimized and the torque transmission is adapted to the load case. It is advantageous with the adjustment gear that even all seals to the engine compartment area can be omitted, since an adjustment gear, in particular a wide V-belt transmission, requires no or only insignificant amounts of lubricant. This means that only seals from the inside of the compact drive to the outside are necessary.

Further advantages result from the subclaims.

• In der 4 ist ein erfindungsgemäßer Kompaktantrieb in Schrägansicht gezeichnet, wobei das Getriebe 40 nur symbolisch angedeutet ist.
• In der 1 ist ein erfindungsgemäßer Kompaktantrieb in Schrägansicht gezeichnet.
• In der 2 ist ein erfindungsgemäßer Kompaktantrieb angeschnitten gezeigt.
• In der 3 ist ein erfindungsgemäßer Kompaktantrieb angeschnitten gezeigt, bei dem im Unterschied zu 2 der Umrichter auf der anderen Seite von der Abtriebswelle als der Motor angeordnet ist.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with the aid of figures:

• In the 4th is a compact drive according to the invention drawn in an oblique view, the gear 40 is only symbolically indicated.
• In the 1 an inventive compact drive is drawn in an oblique view.
• In the 2nd a compact drive according to the invention is shown cut.
• In the 3rd a compact drive according to the invention is shown cut away, in which in contrast to 2nd the converter is located on the other side of the output shaft than the motor.

The symbolically indicated gear in 4th is designed differently in each case in different embodiment variants according to the invention. In a first variant, it is designed as a spur gear, which in the 2nd and 3rd is also made clear. In another variant, the transmission is off 4th designed as an adjustment gear. This adjustment gearbox can either be designed in the manner of a VARIMOT gearbox from SEW-EURODRIVE, i.e. with two discs that rub against each other, or in the manner of a VARIBLOC gearbox from SEW-EURODRIVE, i.e. as a wide V-belt transmission with the distance between two conical adjustment disks Determine translation. In a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention, a chain can also advantageously be used instead of a V-belt.

In the embodiment according to the invention 2nd the motor is located on the side of the output shaft. The rotor shaft 13 and the output shaft 8th are arranged in parallel. The center distance of these shafts is determined by the toothed parts of the spur gear stage, which consist of one with the rotor shaft 13 positively and / or non-positively connected pinion 14 and a gear designed as a spur gear 10th that with the output shaft 8th is connected.

The space area of the transmission, that is to say the spur gear stage, is sealed off from the space area of the electric motor. The shaft seal 15 seals these spatial areas on the rotor shaft, since the rotor shaft in the spatial area of the motor is the permanent magnet 12th carries and in the space area of the gearbox the pinion 14 . The shaft seal 5 seals the space area of the gearbox from the space area of the motor on the output shaft 8th from, which is designed as a hollow shaft.

In a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention, another gear, comprising a plurality of gear stages, can be used instead of the spur gear stage shown.

In a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention, the output shaft is not designed as a hollow shaft but as a solid shaft. Furthermore, there is also the possibility of designing the output shaft in accordance with the standard for robot interfaces, which results in a very compact output with a small axial length.

The output shaft 8th is about the camp 1 in the same housing part 21 stored, in which also the rotor shaft 13 about the camp 18th is stored.

By means of on the output shaft 8th running and into the housing cover 3rd shaft seal used 2nd the area of the motor is sealed from the environment.

The housing parts 21 and 22 are with cooling devices 4th provided to dissipate the heat generated in the motor, gearbox and converter.

The output shaft 8th is over the other, axially opposite bearing ( 6 , 9 ) again in the same housing part 22 stored, in which also the rotor shaft 13 over the other camp 20th is stored.

A major advantage of the compact drive is that no clutch is required between the engine and the gearbox, which means that additional parts are not required. In particular, the engine and transmission even use the same housing parts together. In addition, an exact alignment of the shafts with respect to one another can already be achieved during the manufacture and machining of the housing part by using bearing seats for the engine and transmission, in particular the bearings, for example 9 and 20th , in their relative position to one another can be determined extremely precisely during manufacture. This is because the housing part can be finished in a single clamping in only one machine tool, and thus the relative position of the bearing seats can be aligned very precisely with respect to one another. Another advantage of the common use of a housing part is that the compact drive not only requires a small structural volume in this way, but also has a particularly high stability, since the forces of the motor and the transmission are guided to one another within the same housing part.

By means of on the output shaft 8th running and into the housing part 22 shaft seal used 7 the area of the gear unit is sealed from the environment.

The stator 11 with the stator windings 16 is around the rotor shaft 13 arranged around.

This electric motor is designed as a multi-phase synchronous motor. In other exemplary embodiments according to the invention, however, any other motors can be integrated into the compact drive instead of the synchronous motor.

The one running on the rotor shaft into the housing part 22 used shaft seal 15 seals the area of the gearbox from the area of the engine.

The electronics room area 17th for the converter is not sealed to the motor area.

The motor carries a resolver at one axial end, the resolver stator 19th and a resolver rotor 23 includes.

In other exemplary embodiments according to the invention, other angle sensors or angular velocity sensors can also be provided instead of the resolver. In other exemplary embodiments according to the invention, a brake can also be integrated into the compact drive on the side opposite the angle sensor.

In still other exemplary embodiments according to the invention, the converter is operated in such a way that the angle value is estimated by means of a method using a suitable motor model. This saves further axial length.

In the 2nd Another variant of an exemplary embodiment according to the invention is shown, in which the electronics area 31 the output shaft is not directly to the engine area 8th lies in between. The shaft sealing ring then seals in this example 5 the area of the gearbox against the electronics area 31 from, the shaft seal 5 on the output shaft 8th runs and in the housing part 21 sits.

The gearbox area can be filled with lubricant such as lubricating oil, grease or the like.

In the exemplary embodiments shown according to the invention, no particularly effective thermal insulation is provided between the room areas of the converter, that is to say the electronics room area, and the gearbox room area and the engine room area. The room areas are therefore at approximately the same temperature level. An approximately the same temperature level means a temperature difference of a maximum of 10 ° Celsius in continuous operation with nominal load. Of course, a larger temperature difference of the room areas can be reached for a short time in the event of abrupt operation. It is advantageous and surprising in this embodiment that no special thermal insulation is necessary and thus material, mass and costs can be saved.

In other exemplary embodiments according to the invention, thermal insulation between two or more of the room areas can also be provided.

In further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, the motor is designed with multiple poles, in particular eight or ten poles. The motor is advantageously of the type DE 100 49 883 executed or according to the type of DE 103 17 749 . Thus, in the compact drive, a single gear stage together with such a multi-phase motor is sufficient to cover a wide range of gear ratios.

In further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, the hollow shaft is not an output shaft, but a cylindrical stub shaft, this output shaft being connectable to the device to be driven by means of a key connection.

In further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, the output shaft and the output-side housing part are designed in the manner of the robot interface EN-ISO 9402-1. This saves axial length and high torque can be transmitted. Compatibility with corresponding devices to be driven and connected is also achieved.

The electrical connection devices are provided on the back of the housing and therefore in the 1 to 4th not visible. In other exemplary embodiments according to the invention, however, other positions can also be provided for the connection devices.

In further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, the connection devices are designed only as a power supply. In particular, only power cables are led to the compact drive. The transmission of data to or from the converter to another, in particular higher-level unit, which is necessary for data communication, takes place by means of modulation onto the power lines. The modulation can be carried out in a known manner, in particular as is known from powerline communication or according to the FSK or according to the FH / PSK method, so do frequency hopping phase shift keying.

Reference list

1

camp

2nd

Shaft seal

3rd

Housing cover

4th

Cooling devices

5

Shaft seal

6

camp

7

Shaft seal

8th

Output shaft

9

camp

10th

gear

11

stator

12th

Permanent magnets

13

Rotor shaft

14

pinion

15

Shaft seal

16

Stator winding

17th

Electronics room area

18th

camp

19th

Resolver stator

20th

camp

21

Housing part

22

Housing part

23

Resolver rotor

31

Electronics room area

40

transmission

Claims (4)

Compact drive, comprising an electric motor supplied by a converter and a transmission (40), the output shaft (8) of the gearbox (40) and the rotor shaft (13) being arranged parallel to one another, the center distance between the output shaft (8) and the rotor shaft (13) being determined by a gear stage which consists of a gearbox with the rotor shaft (13) form-fitting and / or non-positively connected pinion (14) and a spur gear (10) which is connected to the output shaft (8), the rotor shaft (13) and the output shaft (8) of the transmission (40) being mounted in the same housing part, the converter being arranged to the side of the rotor shaft (13) the transmission area being sealed off from the environment and from the area of the electric motor and from the electronics area (17), that is to say the area of the converter, the electronics compartment area (17) is not sealed off from the area of the electric motor, a gear stage being designed as a spur gear stage, where the electric motor is a permanently excited synchronous motor, the electric motor having a transmitter, only a single shaft sealing ring (15) runs on the rotor shaft (13), which seals the gear area against the area of the electric motor, three other shaft seals (2, 5, 7) running on the output shaft (8), of which the first (5) of the three other shaft sealing rings seals the gear area against the space area of the electric motor and the second (2) of the three other shaft seals seals the area of the electric motor from the environment and the third (7) of the three other shaft seals seals the gear area from the environment, wherein electrical connection devices for power lines are provided on a housing part of the compact drive. Compact drive after Claim 1 , characterized in that the transmitter comprises a resolver stator (19) and resolver rotor (23). Compact drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing is composed of housing parts and housing covers. Compact drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing is composed of two housing parts (21, 22) and a housing cover (3).

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