DE10297843T5 - Multiaxial textile fabric and loom for its production - Google Patents

Abstract

tissue with a multiaxial flat textile structure, characterized that three sentences of threads interwoven: the warp threads (A), the weft threads (D), the diagonal threads (B) and (C), wherein the diagonal threads (B) and (C) are arranged in two directions with respect to Warp threads -45 ° and + 45 ° aligned are and in layered layers are arranged, even if they do not intersect with each other.

Description

conventional biaxial tissues with warp and weft show weakness when she in oblique Directions in proportion pulled to the warp threads because the deformation in these directions compared to Deformation in either the warp or weft direction is greater. Therefore, unlike multiaxial fabrics, they have anisotropic properties Behavior.

The The present invention has been applied in the field of technical textiles made and refers to the development of a fabric with a multi-axial Structure as well as the corresponding mechanical system that too its manufacture can serve.

Therefore, it was intended to develop a novel system suitable for mass production of a fabric having a flat multiaxial textile structure as in 1 shown, which is mainly intended for technical applications, namely aircraft fuselages, automobiles, ships, construction and the like.

technical Field of the invention

The Invention falls in the field of construction of textile machines, being intended is the market of technical textiles with a mechanical system which is capable of mass-producing a fabric, which has a multi-axial structure. Have multi-axial textile fabrics the advantage that they are the ratio increase between mechanical performance and the weight of the material.

State of the art and its appreciation

With the present product, which is the result of a technical Reshaping textile structures, the goal is pursued in to interfere with the mechanical properties of the tissue, the Designer in the production of laminates with controlled Anisotropy allows a certain degree of versatility, whereby customer specifications and goals are strictly defined according to a set technical parameter fulfilled become.

Technical Textiles are a dynamically developing sector whose market not yet completely has stabilized. In the near future is expected to be in advantageously conventional materials, especially metals in mechanical construction and concrete in the construction industry. These products can be in very different Areas such as the automotive industry, in construction, for medical Purposes, in protective clothing, sports equipment, articles in military and defense applications, as well as many others.

• 1) In vehicle technology come technical textiles used in vehicles of all kinds, from the normal automobile or Bike to spacecraft. They help to optimize the efficiency and the thrift in fuel consumption, because technical Textiles a compound of low weight and excellent mechanical Offer properties. Therefore, you can these fabrics in interior trim, seat belts, tires, filters, Airbags and insulation as well as more and more in components and components come into use, the high mechanical and thermal performance requirements are exposed.
• 2) In the construction industry, geotextiles are used to gain, To take over filtering, drainage and protection functions. It can do this are textile materials coated with polymers are and in several uses, such as building coverings greater proportions, namely Stadiums, airports or sports pavilions occur. The big advantage of using This textiles in construction is due to its low weight, the larger cantilever Constructions between supports allowed, which are then easier to build and repair. Besides, have the architects in the design of shapes and styles a greater freedom.
• 3) Textile materials are used in medical applications either in fibers, in woven or knitted fabric in surgical procedures used in implants, filters and blood vessels. In their use in implants, the textile structures are characterized by their construction, Composition, surface behavior of fiber and decomposition resistance. In addition, those used in implants must Materials not only meet the mechanical requirements, but also be biocompatible, so that the human body does not repels.
• 4) In protective clothing, they are used to provide protection against hazardous environmental conditions that could result in injury. This may be a protection that is mechanical (ballistic or stab-resistant clothing), chemical, electrical, radiological or bacteriological. The choice of the material to be used depends on the type and degree of protection to be achieved. For example, the garments worn by firefighters must provide thermal and chemical protection. Therefore, thermally stable textiles are selected, such as, for example, aramids or other fibers, which are correspondingly flame-retarded are.
• 5) In sports goods become the high performance fibers and fabrics used for example in sportswear. In recent years you could see the development of garments with properties, which allow the athletes to increase their performance, in particular the thermal comfort during to enhance the sporting event. In this case become multilayer structures used that allow sweat, outward to be derived, with the innermost layer directly with the skin is in contact, stays dry. In addition, composites, which are reinforced by textile materials, in countless applications used in this field, especially in bicycle frames, tennis rackets, skis, Surfboards etc.
• 6) Textile materials used for Articles in military and defense applications are used, are the requirements dependent, which are put to you. In protective garments and soldier equipment, like for example, uniforms, bulletproof vests, helmets and the like, mostly textile fabrics made of polyamide and carbon fibers come to Commitment. For materials used in the production of rockets and Combat air show will be used several layers of Aramid weave used.
• 7) Further uses of technical textiles are in many various areas, such as conveyor belts, used in various industries, in satellites, in Vehicles, for thermal and acoustic insulation, in sails for boats and in fish nets.

On the market of technical textiles in general and in the field In particular, there are materials available from the multiaxial tissue Company Karl Mayer Textilmaschinenfabrik GmbH are manufactured, with the name "multiaxial Fabric constructions " which results from the stacking of layers of several biaxial tissues come connected by a knitted warp become. With this type of tissue there is a risk of separation the different layers making up the tissue considerably, because this structure consists of stitched together layers of threads.

• – Die Europäische Patentanmeldung mit der Nummer 0263392 A2 "Tetraxial woven fabrics and tetraxial weaving machine therof" ("Tetraaxialgewebe und Webstuhl zum Herstellen von Tetraaxialgewebe") betrifft eine Maschine, die ein multiaxiales Gewebe herstellt, das ein isotropisches Verhalten aufweist, das besser als dasjenige des tri-axialen Gewebes ist und aus Schuss-, Kett- und Diagonalfäden besteht.
• – Das US-Patent Nr. 5,351,722 "Tetraxial fabric and weaving machine for its manufacture" ("Tetra-axiales Gewebe und Webmaschine zu dessen Herstellung") bezieht sich auf einen Mechanismus, der zur Herstellung des multiaxialen Gewebes fähig ist, das durch Überkreuzen der Schuss- und Kettfäden mit diagonalen Fäden gebildet wird, welche zwei Richtungen haben.
• – US-Patent Nr. 5,375,627 "Method and weaving machine for the production of multi-axial fabric" ("Verfahren und Webmaschine zur Herstellung multi-axialen Gewebes") bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines multi-axialen Gewebes, dessen Konstruktion stabil und kompakt ist. Eine andere Aufgabe dieses Patents ist die Erfindung der zur kostengünstigen Herstellung eines solchen Gewebes fähigen Maschine.

There are also a number of mechanical system patents which relate to the production of this type of multiaxial tissue, in particular:

• - The European patent application with the number 0263392 A2 "Tetraxial woven fabrics and tetraxial weaving machine therof" refers to a machine that produces a multiaxial fabric that exhibits isotropic behavior better than that of the tri-axial fabric and weft -, warp and diagonal threads exists.
• - US Pat. 5,351,722 "Tetraxial fabric and weaving machine for its manufacture" refers to a mechanism capable of producing the multi-axial fabric formed by crossing the weft and warp threads with diagonal threads which will have two directions.
• US Pat. 5,375,627 "Method and weaving machine for the production of multi-axial fabric" refers to a method of making a multi-axial fabric whose construction is stable and compact. Another object of this patent is the invention of the machine capable of inexpensively producing such a fabric.

Summary the invention

The Multiaxial fabric is manufactured in a machine whose mechanical Basic principles are derived from a conventional loom, to which the new components are added and to which the new ones are added Components are adapted with the function of inserting and Weaving the diagonal threads of the fabric in the direction of + 45 ° and -45 ° in relation to the warp and weft threads.

Of the Main advantage of the invention in comparison with that of Karl Mayer would like to provide fabric produced lies in the nature of the resulting structure, because in contrast to the fabric of Karl Mayer all threads are interwoven.

From the comparison with the patent EP 0263392 A2 It can be seen that in this case the processing of the diagonal threads can cause problems, because a cylinder with a helical groove causes their movement. The diagonal threads are passed through such a groove and led to the end and thereafter transferred to another cylinder, which then causes a reverse movement. In this transfer process, there is a risk that the control over the diagonal threads is lost.

The mechanism for advancing the diagonal threads of US Pat. 5,351,722 uses a closed conveyor belt which is correspondingly perforated to allow the threads to pass through it. In this model, there is the disadvantage that during the weaving cycle the movement of the reversal of the diagonal Filaments does not take place immediately, but runs along half the circumference of the coil outside the weaving area.

Summary the drawings

The the following description is made with reference to the attached drawings, but not as a limitation but rather as an example to understand. It shows:

1 a schematic representation of the fabric with a multi-axial flat textile structure according to the present invention;

2 a perspective view of the mechanical system for producing the fabric according to the invention;

The 3 to 7 Representations of parts of in 2 shown mechanical system;

The 8th and 9 the various phases of the manufacturing process of the fabric according to the invention.

description an embodiment the invention

The mechanical system developed here is composed of three subgroups that coordinate the movement of three sets of threads, ie, warp, weft, and diagonal, in the multi-axial fabric. 2 represents the most important aspects of this system, in particular the sentence responsible for guiding and moving the diagonal threads. To simplify the illustration, neither the weft insertion systems, nor the comb or the feed systems are fully illustrated.

warp

The supply of the warp threads in the weaving area is done by an organ of a conventional warp thread, which by one or more help 11 running.

wefts

The introduction of the shot can be done in two different subjects, one of which is in front and one behind in relation to the plane of the diagonal threads. The weft insertion device 14 then has two movements: one in the transverse direction of the loom for corresponding insertion of the weft along the width of the fabric and the other, perpendicular to the previous direction, for positioning the weft insertion system in the active compartment.

diagonal threads

Diagonal threads come from coils positioned on a stand above the weaving area. These have a circular shape and are mounted on a center shaft, which allows a gradual rotational movement. Each bobbin has a stretching device to control the tension of the discharged thread, resulting in a better formation of the fabric. The diagonal threads are then passed through a set of thread guides 10 guided, which complete a linear career in the sense of the transverse direction of the loom and thereafter in the opposite direction. These thread guides 10 be through the actuation of actuators 1 to 8th within the thread guide carrier 9 emotional. The thread guides 10 move gradually linearly and in two opposite directions to the end of the thread guide carrier 9 , After they reach the end of the walk, they change their path and reverse the direction of movement. In this way, a closed-rectangle path is achieved which, step-by-step, allows the sideways movement of the diagonal threads in synchronism with the remaining movement of the loom, particularly the shed opening, the insertion of the weft, the beating of the comb, and the rotation of the diagonal thread bobbin stand allowed. In the end, the fabric is pulled through 12 subtracted whose movement is also synchronized with the speed of tissue formation. The thread guide moves within the between the thread guide carrier 9 and his lid 18 trained chamber having an opening 16 has, through which pass the diagonal threads beginning at the insertion.

As you can see, the structure has 13 the function of supporting the components of the thread guide carrier 9 , the warp-thread support help 11 and the draw rolls 12 in their respective positions during tissue fabrication.

The weave cycle

Phase 1 ( 8.I ):

The Training of the fabric begins with the introduction the shot in the formed between the warp threads and the diagonal threads first tray.

Phase 2 ( 8.II ):

immediate after the shot completely in the tray was moved, move the diagonal threads moving Thread guides across to the room that has been released by the thread guide its Path changed Has. Here, the move in the front line to the right and those in the back line to the left.

Phase 3 ( 8.III ):

Of the next Step consists of the formation of the second subject due to the progress the helper along the diagonal threads, the same between the diagonal and the warp threads appears what the tray allows, in relation to that formed by the diagonal threads Level from a forward position to a rearward position reach.

Phase 4 ( 9.IV ):

at the next Movement then move the Endfadenführungen in the longitudinal direction to the open spaces go and swap lines, going from front to back and back get reversed.

Phase 5 ( 9.V ):

After this This phase is completed, in this new part of the shot brought in.

Phase 6 ( 9.VI ):

Immediately thereafter, the helper returns to its original position, the weft thread being caught between the diagonal threads and the warp threads, after which the insertion and the hitting of the comb are provided, whereby the in 1 The same movement starts again. After this, the process is repeated cyclically.

the Those skilled in the art will make some changes to the details the above mentioned embodiment come to mind. The invention is intended to be limited only by its scope Claims understood limited become.

Summary

The The present invention relates to a tissue having a multi-axial flat textile structure and on a mechanical system to its Production. This fabric of a modified structure and a controlled anisotropy has as its main feature an increase in mechanical strength due to the introduction of reinforcing threads in the diagonal directions at + 45 ° and -45 ° relative to the warp threads. In essence, it is characterized by the interweaving of three records of threads: the warp threads (A), the weft threads (D), the diagonal threads (B) and (C), wherein the diagonal threads (B) and (C) are arranged in two layers following two orientations are: -45 ° and + 45 ° relative to the warp threads, wherein the two layers are stacked are without being crossed with each other. The warp threads (A) appear in proportion to through the diagonal threads (B) and (C) formed alternately in the foreground and in the Background. Furthermore The present invention also relates to a loom for a multiaxial Tissue made by mechanical subassemblies for processing the three types of threads, i.e. a warp thread insertion device, a warp-thread carrier help, Diagonal thread guides and draw rolls, is formed.

Claims (15)

A fabric having a multi-axial flat textile structure, characterized in that three sets of threads are interwoven: the warp threads (A), the weft threads (D), the diagonal threads (B) and (C), the diagonal threads (B) and (C ) are arranged in two directions, which are aligned with respect to the warp threads -45 ° and + 45 ° and are arranged in stacked layers, even if they do not intersect with each other. Fabric with a multiaxial flat textile structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the warp threads (A) in relation to to through the diagonal threads (B) and (C) formed alternately in a foreground and to appear in a background. Fabric with a multiaxial flat textile structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the weft threads (D) in relation to to through the diagonal threads level formed alternately in a foreground and a background be introduced. A loom for producing a fabric having a multiaxial flat textile structure according to claims 1-3, characterized in that it is formed by mechanical subassemblies for processing the three types of threads: a weft insertion device ( 14 ), a warp thread support ( 11 ), a diagonal thread guide ( 10 ), Pull rollers ( 12 ). Loom for making a fabric with a Multiaxial flat textile structure according to claim 4, characterized in that that the warp thread (A) from a higher stand out with a circular shape supplied which is the diagonal thread spools (B) and (C). Loom for making a fabric with a Multiaxial flat textile structure according to claim 4, characterized in that that the warp thread is fed from a warp thread member (A). A loom for producing a fabric with a multiaxial flat textile structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the warp threads (A) after leaving the Kettfadenorgans by the thread guide ( 15 ) of the warp thread support hel Fe ( 11 ), which controls the movement of the warp threads. A loom for producing a fabric with a multiaxial flat textile structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the diagonal threads (B) and (C) after leaving the coils by the thread guides ( 10 ), which control their position during weaving. Loom for producing a fabric with a multiaxial flat textile structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the weft threads ( 4 ) with an insertion mechanism ( 14 ) are introduced into the subject. A loom for producing a fabric with a multiaxial flat textile structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the warp thread support ( 11 ) is formed according to claim 7 by a set of needles which are attached to an end rod and at its other end a thread guide ( 15 ) exhibit. Loom for producing a fabric with a multiaxial flat textile structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the thread guides 10 move according to claim 8 within the yarn guide carrier and are moved on a rectangular path. A loom for producing a fabric having a multi-axial flat textile structure according to claim 4, characterized in that each in 10 described thread guide ( 10 ) gradually moves to the end of the path and then changes to another path and reverses its motion. A loom for producing a fabric having a multiaxial flat textile structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the thread guide has an opening through which the threads are passed, and two slots, which as guides within the thread guide carrier ( 9 ) serve. A loom for producing a fabric with a multiaxial flat textile structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the diagonal thread guides ( 10 ) by the adaptation between one of its grooves and the projection ( 17 ) and the lid ( 18 ), whereby there are eight actuators ( 1 ) to ( 8th ), which move them, whereby the structure ( 13 ) has the function, the components of the thread guide carrier ( 9 ), the warp thread support ( 11 ) and the draw rollers ( 12 ) during tissue fabrication in their respective positions. Loom for making a fabric with a Multiaxial flat textile structure according to claim 4, characterized in that that he has a comb for has the front side of the fabric which is open on one side and has a complex sequence of movements that leads to it is removed from the weaving area after hitting is, so the diagonal threads can get through.