DE10245376A1 - Crankshaft for 3 cylinder in-line IC engine esp. for motor vehicles has compensation masses located inside crankshaft bearings, to compensate rotating mass momentum and oscillating mass momentum - Google Patents

Crankshaft for 3 cylinder in-line IC engine esp. for motor vehicles has compensation masses located inside crankshaft bearings, to compensate rotating mass momentum and oscillating mass momentum

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Publication number
DE10245376A1
DE10245376A1 DE2002145376 DE10245376A DE10245376A1 DE 10245376 A1 DE10245376 A1 DE 10245376A1 DE 2002145376 DE2002145376 DE 2002145376 DE 10245376 A DE10245376 A DE 10245376A DE 10245376 A1 DE10245376 A1 DE 10245376A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
crankshaft
compensation
masses
bearings
cylinder
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
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DE2002145376
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German (de)
Inventor
Christian Puchas
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to DE2002145376 priority Critical patent/DE10245376A1/en
Publication of DE10245376A1 publication Critical patent/DE10245376A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/28Counterweights, i.e. additional weights counterbalancing inertia forces induced by the reciprocating movement of masses in the system, e.g. of pistons attached to an engine crankshaft; Attaching or mounting same
    • F16F15/283Counterweights, i.e. additional weights counterbalancing inertia forces induced by the reciprocating movement of masses in the system, e.g. of pistons attached to an engine crankshaft; Attaching or mounting same for engine crankshafts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The crankshaft has three throws and four bearings. Two compensation masses (9,10) act on the crankshaft (4) for complete compensation of the rotating mass momentum, and compensation of half the first class oscillating mass moment. The compensation masses enclose an angle of 180 deg , and generate opposite compensation forces of the same size. The compensation plane (16) formed by the two masses, encloses an angle of 30 deg with the crank throw (1). The masses are located inside the crankshaft bearings (5-8) to form compensation weights. The compensation forces generate a momentum of approx. a (1,732 Fr + 0,866 F1).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft die Kurbelwelle für eine Reihen-Dreizylinder-Hubkolbenmaschine mit drei Kurbelkröpfungen und vier Kurbelwellenlagern, insbesondere für einen Antriebsmotor von Kraftfahrzeugen. The invention relates to the crankshaft for a In-line three-cylinder reciprocating machine with three crank crankings and four crankshaft bearings, especially for a drive motor of motor vehicles.

Dreizylinder-Reihenmotoren werden überwiegend in Quermotoranordnung als Antrieb für kleinere Kraftfahrzeuge eingesetzt. Three-cylinder in-line engines are mainly used in cross-engine arrangement Drive used for smaller motor vehicles.

Die Kurbelwelle dieser Dreizylindermotoren besitzt drei Kurbelkröpfungen, vier Kurbelwellenlager und sechs Ausgleichsgewichte, mit denen das rotierende Massenmoment zu 100% sowie das oszillierende Massenmoment 1. Ordnung zu 50% ausgeglichen werden. The crankshaft of these three-cylinder engines has three crank crankings, four Crankshaft bearings and six counterweights with which the rotating 100% mass moment as well as the oscillating mass moment of the 1st order be compensated for 50%.

Beispielsweise mit sechs gleich großen Ausgleichsgewichten des Normalausgleiches erreicht man eine gleichmäßige Entlastung der vier Kurbelwellenlager von den Massenkräften, sodaß in der Spitzenbelastung für die Kurbelwellenlager dem Zünddruck eines Zylinders 50% der oszillierenden Massenkraft 1. Ordnung und 100% der oszillierenden Massenkraft 2. Ordnung des betreffenden Zylinders entgegen wirken. For example, with six equal weights of the Normal balancing results in an even relief of the four crankshaft bearings of the mass forces, so that the peak load for the Crankshaft bearing the ignition pressure of a cylinder 50% of the oscillating mass force 1st order and 100% of the oscillating mass force 2nd order of the counteract the relevant cylinder.

Der in modernen Motoren enorm angestiegene Zünddruck erfordert immer aufwendigere und tragfähigere Kurbelwellenlager, wogegen die Massenkräfte speziell in Dieselmotoren, aber auch in aufgeladenen Ottomotoren für die Lagerdimensionierung nur noch eine untergeordnete Rolle spielen. The ignition pressure, which has risen enormously in modern engines, always requires more complex and load-bearing crankshaft bearings, whereas the mass forces especially in diesel engines, but also in supercharged gasoline engines for the Bearing dimensioning only play a subordinate role.

Die Erfindung hat deshalb zur Aufgabe, bei gleichbleibender Motorlaufkultur für einen Dreizylinder-Reihenmotor einen besser auf die maximale Lagerbelastung der Kurbelwellenlager abgestimmten Massenausgleich anzugeben, der über einen geringeren Ausgleich der Massenkräfte durch die Ausgleichsgewichte an den Kurbelwellenlagern den auf die Kurbelwellenlager wirkenden Zünddruck vermindert, gleichzeitig über kleinere Ausgleichsmassen das Kurbelwellengewicht verringert und durch das Mindergewicht und die vereinfachte Formgebung der Kurbelwelle die Herstellkosten senkt. The invention therefore has the task of maintaining the engine running culture for a three-cylinder in-line engine one better to the maximum Specify the mass balance bearing load of the crankshaft bearing, the about a lower balance of mass forces through the Balance weights on the crankshaft bearings that act on the crankshaft bearings Ignition pressure reduced, at the same time over smaller balancing masses Crankshaft weight reduced and by the reduced weight and the simplified Shaping the crankshaft lowers manufacturing costs.

Die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. The object of the invention is achieved by the features of claim 1 solved.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen 2 und 3, aus den Zeichnungen und aus den zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibungen. Further features of the invention result from claims 2 and 3, from the drawings and from the associated figure descriptions.

Die Erfindung ist jeweils schematisch in zwei Ausführungsbeispielen dargestellt: The invention is in each case schematically in two exemplary embodiments shown:

(Fig. 1) zeigt den Kurbelstern der Reihen-Dreizylinder-Kurbelwelle (4) mit der bekannten Anordnung der Kurbelkröpfungen (1 bis 3) und der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung der beiden Ausgleichmassen (9, 10) in der Ausgleichsebene (16) nach dem Anspruch 1. ( Fig. 1) shows the crank star of the in-line three-cylinder crankshaft ( 4 ) with the known arrangement of the crank cranks ( 1 to 3 ) and the arrangement according to the invention of the two balancing masses ( 9 , 10 ) in the balancing plane ( 16 ) according to claim 1 ,

(Fig. 2) zeigt in der Längsansicht der Kurbelwelle (4) die Kurbelkröpfungen (1 bis 3), die Kurbelwellenlager (5 bis 8) und die zwei innerhalb der Kurbelwellenlager (5, 8) angeordneten Ausgleichsgewichten (11, 12) mit ihren Hebelarmen (b) nach dem Anspruch 2 und (Fig. 3) die ebenfalls nach dem Anspruch 2 gewichtsmäßig vorteilhaftere Anordnung der zwei außerhalb der Kurbelwellenlager (5 bis 8) in der Riemenscheibe (13) und im Schwungrad (14) angeordneten Ausgleichsmassen (9, 10) mit den zugehörigen Hebelarmen (c, d). ( Fig. 2) shows in the longitudinal view of the crankshaft ( 4 ) the crank crank ( 1 to 3 ), the crankshaft bearings ( 5 to 8 ) and the two balance weights ( 11 , 12 ) arranged within the crankshaft bearings ( 5 , 8 ) with their lever arms (b) according to claim 2 and ( Fig. 3) also advantageous according to claim 2 weight-advantageous arrangement of the two outside of the crankshaft bearings ( 5 to 8 ) in the pulley ( 13 ) and in the flywheel ( 14 ) arranged balancing masses ( 9 , 10 ) with the associated lever arms (c, d).

(Fig. 4) zeigt die am Kurbelwellenlager (6) wirksamen Massenkräfte. ( Fig. 4) shows the inertial forces acting on the crankshaft bearing ( 6 ).

Zur Lösung der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabe führt die Überlegung, daß durch die 120° versetzten Kurbelkröpfungen (1, 2) am Kurbelwellenlager (6) in (Fig. 4) sich auch ohne Ausgleichsgewichte die oszillierenden Massenkräfte teilweise ausgleichen und die beiden rotierenden Massenkräfte eine Resultierende bilden, die zur Hälfte dem Zünddruck entgegen wirkt, weshalb erfindungsgemäß auf die Anordnung von Ausgleichsgewichten an den Kurbelwellenlagern (6, 7) verzichtet wird, da nicht ausgeglichene Massenkraftanteile den auf das Kurbelwellenlager (6) anteilig wirkenden Zünddruck vermindern. To achieve the object according to the invention, the consideration is given that the cranking masses ( 1 , 2 ) on the crankshaft bearing ( 6 ) in ( FIG. 4) offset the oscillating mass forces partially even without counterweights and that the two rotating mass forces form a resultant, half of which counteracts the ignition pressure, which is why, according to the invention, the arrangement of counterweights on the crankshaft bearings ( 6 , 7 ) is dispensed with, since unbalanced mass forces reduce the ignition pressure acting proportionally on the crankshaft bearing ( 6 ).

Die Überprüfung der resultierenden Lagerbelastung des Kurbelwellensagers (5) des Dreizylindermotors aus Zünddruck und Massenkräften etwa bei der Drehzahl des maximalen Drehmomentes ergibt, daß ohne Ausgleichsgewichte am Kurbelwellenlager (6) gegenüber einem Normalausgleich die Lagerbelastung des Otto-Saugmotor um 10% verringert wird, da jetzt größere wirksame Massenkräfte dem Zünddruck entgegenwirken können. Checking the resulting bearing load on the crankshaft bearing ( 5 ) of the three-cylinder engine from ignition pressure and inertial forces at the speed of the maximum torque reveals that without counterweights on the crankshaft bearing ( 6 ) the bearing load on the naturally aspirated engine is reduced by 10% compared to normal balancing since now larger effective mass forces can counteract the ignition pressure.

Bei Nenndrehzahl des Motors und Schubbetrieb wirken dagegen im anderen Belastungs-Extremfall nur die maximalen Massenkräfte auf die Kurbelwellenlager (5 bis 8). Es zeigt sich, daß dabei die auftretende Lagerkraft aus den Massenkräften lediglich etwa 51% des Zünddruck-Lagerwertes beträgt. In contrast, at the nominal engine speed and coasting operation, only the maximum inertial forces act on the crankshaft bearings ( 5 to 8 ) in the other extreme load case. It can be seen that the resulting bearing force from the mass forces is only about 51% of the ignition pressure bearing value.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgleichs-Auslegung mit lediglich zwei Ausgleichsmassen (9, 10) werden in einer Reihendreizylinder-Kurbelwelle (4) die Belastungen der Kurbelwellenlager (5 bis 8) aus Zünddruck und Massenkräften besser angeglichen, was zur Verminderung der Reibleistung führt, da die Lagerreibung von der größten auftretenden Lagerkraft abhängt. Due to the compensating design according to the invention with only two compensating masses ( 9 , 10 ), the loads on the crankshaft bearings ( 5 to 8 ) from ignition pressure and inertial forces are better matched in a row three-cylinder crankshaft ( 4 ), which leads to a reduction in the frictional power, since the bearing friction depends on the greatest bearing force that occurs.

Der Hauptvorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Reihen-Dreizylinder-Kurbelwelle (4) liegt jedoch in der großen Gewichtseinsparung, wobei über das Mindergewicht und die vereinfachte Formgebung die Herstellkosten der Dreizylinder- Kurbelwelle (4) deutlich gesenkt werden. Bezugszeichenliste 1 bis 3 Kurbelkröpfungen
4 Kurbelwelle
5 bis 8 Kurbelwellenlager
9, 10 Ausgleichsmassen
11, 12 Ausgleichsgewichte
13 Riemenscheibe
14 Schwungrad
15 Kurbelwellenmitte
16 Ausgleichsebene
a Zylinderabstand
b, c, d Abstände der Ausgleichsmassen 9, 10 zu Kurbelwellenmitte 15
Fr rotierende Massenkraft eines Zylinders
F1 oszillierende Massenkraft 1. Ordnung eines Zylinders
F2 oszillierende Massenkraft 2. Ordnung eines Zylinders
The main advantage of the in-line three-cylinder crankshaft ( 4 ) according to the invention, however, lies in the large weight saving, the manufacturing costs of the three-cylinder crankshaft ( 4 ) being significantly reduced by the reduced weight and the simplified shape. List of reference numerals 1 to 3 crank crankings
4 crankshaft
5 to 8 crankshaft bearings
9 , 10 leveling compounds
11 , 12 counterweights
13 pulley
14 flywheel
15 crankshaft center
16 compensation level
a Cylinder spacing
b, c, d distances of the balancing weights 9 , 10 from the crankshaft center 15
For rotating inertial force of a cylinder
F 1 oscillating 1st order mass force of a cylinder
F 2 oscillating mass force 2nd order of a cylinder

Claims (3)

1. Kurbelwelle für eine Reihen-Dreizylinder-Hubkolbenmaschine, mit drei Kurbelkröpfungen und vier Kurbelwellenlagern, insbesondere für einen Antriebsmotor eines Kraftfahrzeuges, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Vollausgleich des rotierenden Massenmomentes und zum hälftigen Ausgleich des oszillierenden Massenmomentes 1. Ordnung auf die Kurbelwelle (4) ausschließlich zwei Ausgleichsmassen (9, 10) einwirken, die beiden Ausgleichsmassen (9, 10) einen Winkel von 180° bilden und gleich große und entgegengesetzte Ausgleichskräfte erzeugen und die von den Ausgleichskräften der Ausgleichsmassen (9, 10) gebildete Ausgleichsebene (16) mit der ersten Kurbelkröpfung (1) einen Winkel von 30° bildet. 1. crankshaft for an in-line three-cylinder reciprocating machine, with three crank crankings and four crankshaft bearings, in particular for a drive motor of a motor vehicle, characterized in that for the full compensation of the rotating mass torque and for the half compensation of the oscillating mass torque of the 1st order on the crankshaft ( 4 ) only two balancing masses ( 9 , 10 ) act, the two balancing masses ( 9 , 10 ) form an angle of 180 ° and generate equal and opposite balancing forces and the balancing plane ( 16 ) formed by the balancing forces of the balancing masses ( 9 , 10 ) with the first crank crank ( 1 ) forms an angle of 30 °. 2. Kurbelwelle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausgleichsmassen (9, 10) entweder innerhalb der Kurbelwellenlager (5 bis 8) angeordnet sind und an den Kurbelwellenlagern (5, 8) die Ausgleichsgewichte (11, 12) bilden oder außerhalb der Kurbelwellenlager (5 bis 8) beispielsweise in der Riemenscheibe (13) und im Schwungrad (14) angeordnet sind. 2. Crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the compensating masses ( 9 , 10 ) are either arranged within the crankshaft bearings ( 5 to 8 ) and on the crankshaft bearings ( 5 , 8 ) form the counterweights ( 11 , 12 ) or outside the crankshaft bearings ( 5 to 8 ) are arranged for example in the pulley ( 13 ) and in the flywheel ( 14 ). 3. Kurbelwelle nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausgleichskräfte der Ausgleichsmassen (9, 10) mit ihren wirksamen Hebelarmen (b, c, d) zur Kurbelwellenmitte (15) ein Ausgleichsmoment etwa von der Größe: a (1,732 Fr + 0,866 F1) erzeugen. 3. Crankshaft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the compensating forces of the compensating masses ( 9 , 10 ) with their effective lever arms (b, c, d) to the crankshaft center ( 15 ) a compensating torque of approximately the size: a (1,732 Fr + 0.866 F 1 ).
DE2002145376 2002-09-28 2002-09-28 Crankshaft for 3 cylinder in-line IC engine esp. for motor vehicles has compensation masses located inside crankshaft bearings, to compensate rotating mass momentum and oscillating mass momentum Withdrawn DE10245376A1 (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1923600A1 (en) 2006-11-20 2008-05-21 Ford Global Technologies, LLC. Counterweight system for an internal combustion engine in a motor vehicle
DE102009047545A1 (en) 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn Multi-cylinder in-line internal combustion engine e.g. three-cylinder engine, for motor vehicle, has balancing masses that are arranged such that balancing of inertia forces corresponds to specific percent balancing of mass forces
DE102011000585A1 (en) 2011-02-09 2012-08-09 Ford Global Technologies, Llc. Multi-cylinder in-line internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle, and method for operating the same
CN102853026A (en) * 2011-06-29 2013-01-02 福特环球技术公司 Multicylinder in-line internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle and method for operating the engine
JP2013129413A (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-07-04 Hyundai Motor Co Ltd Mounting structure of three-cylinder engine
JP2014125208A (en) * 2012-12-26 2014-07-07 Hyundai Motor Company Co Ltd Vibration reduction engine mounting structure
WO2014154960A1 (en) 2013-03-26 2014-10-02 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Method for balancing an internal combustion engine in a vehicle
DE102021202674A1 (en) 2021-03-19 2022-09-22 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Torque transmission system and drive device with torque transmission system

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7556012B2 (en) 2006-11-20 2009-07-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Counterweight arrangement for an internal combustion engine in a motor vehicle
EP1923600A1 (en) 2006-11-20 2008-05-21 Ford Global Technologies, LLC. Counterweight system for an internal combustion engine in a motor vehicle
DE102009047545A1 (en) 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn Multi-cylinder in-line internal combustion engine e.g. three-cylinder engine, for motor vehicle, has balancing masses that are arranged such that balancing of inertia forces corresponds to specific percent balancing of mass forces
RU2589563C2 (en) * 2011-02-09 2016-07-10 Форд Глобал Технолоджис, ЛЛК Multi-cylinder in-line internal combustion engine for vehicle and method for operation thereof
DE102011000585A1 (en) 2011-02-09 2012-08-09 Ford Global Technologies, Llc. Multi-cylinder in-line internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle, and method for operating the same
CN102853026A (en) * 2011-06-29 2013-01-02 福特环球技术公司 Multicylinder in-line internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle and method for operating the engine
DE102011078356A1 (en) 2011-06-29 2013-01-03 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Multi-cylinder in-line engine for a motor vehicle, and method of operating the same
RU2607440C2 (en) * 2011-06-29 2017-01-10 Форд Глобал Технолоджис, ЛЛК Multi-cylinder in-line internal combustion engine for vehicle and method for operation thereof
JP2013129413A (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-07-04 Hyundai Motor Co Ltd Mounting structure of three-cylinder engine
US9193250B2 (en) 2012-12-26 2015-11-24 Hyundai Motor Company Engine mounting structure for reducing vibration
JP2014125208A (en) * 2012-12-26 2014-07-07 Hyundai Motor Company Co Ltd Vibration reduction engine mounting structure
DE102013204209B4 (en) 2012-12-26 2024-07-25 Hyundai Motor Company Engine mounting device to reduce vibrations
WO2014154960A1 (en) 2013-03-26 2014-10-02 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Method for balancing an internal combustion engine in a vehicle
DE102021202674A1 (en) 2021-03-19 2022-09-22 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Torque transmission system and drive device with torque transmission system

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