DE10226042B4 - locking system - Google Patents

Abstract

locking system for a lifting device (1) for transporting a load carrier with a predetermined number of locking pin (8) for coupling the load carrier, wherein each locking pin (8) at the lower end of a freely suspended Locking shaft (12) is arranged, which at its upper End is mounted in a rotary bearing, characterized in that each pivot bearing two half-sockets (16), which for fixing the associated Locking shaft (12) in a rotationally symmetrical recess (13) grab at its upper end, with the fixation of the two half-sockets (16) on the recess (13) of the locking shaft (12) on the upper sides of the half-sockets (16) seated fixing ring (17) and a subsequent to the undersides of the half-sockets (16) socket (18) and on the upper side of the fixing ring (17) operable Fixing screws (22) are provided.

Description

The The invention relates to a locking system according to the preamble of the claim 1.

such Locking systems are components of lifting equipment that for transporting load carriers be used. The lifting devices serve in particular for the transport of containers in port facilities.

The Spreaders designated as spreaders have a stationary main frame in which two displacement beams guided are. The displacement carriers flow each at an outlet opening on a longitudinal side End of the main frame and are displaceable in the longitudinal direction.

typically, there is a shift carrier two parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction extending spars. The free ends of the spars are crossed by a third, transverse to the connected to the first spars running spar, the so-called head carrier. The free ends of the headrest to be above the outsides in the longitudinal direction extending spars out. Located at these free ends of the head carrier each a so-called twistlock. These twistlocks form the locking system for coupling to a transportable Load carrier.

Everyone Twistlock has a locking pin at its lower end on. The twistlock and the locking pin are driven by a motor, whereby in particular the twistlock with the locking pin to its longitudinal axis can be turned.

By this rotational movement can the locking pin in a receptacle at the top of the load carrier, in particular a container introduced and fixed. As soon as fixed the locking pins of the twistlocks in the receptacles are, can the load carrier by means of the lifting device be raised. In a corresponding manner be done after Transport of the load carrier the Twistlocks are released automatically from the recordings, whereby the lifting device returns the load carrier releases.

at known lifting devices The Twistlocks are each forcibly guided, in which these in several Bearings are stored. The bearings are distributed over the length of the twistlock. The multi-layer Twistlock mounted in this way can thus only in terms of its longitudinal axis to be turned around. The individual bearings must be lubricated continuously.

A generic locking system is from the DE 100 21 480 A1 known. The locking system is designed as a twistlock unit, which is designed as a cylindrical body. The twist lock unit has a twistlock bolt rotatably mounted in a twistlock receptacle and held by a nut above a lock washer. Parallel to the twistlock bolt a stylus with spring is arranged. The position of the stylus is detected by a sensor. As the lower limit of the twistlock unit, a twistlock guide is provided with a circumferential groove into which projects the spring of a sliding block. The upper end of the twistlock unit is provided with an anti-twist device.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a locking system of to provide an initially mentioned, which is a reliable and preferably maintenance-free coupling of a lifting device to a load carrier allows.

to solution This object, the features of claim 1 are provided. advantageous embodiments and appropriate training The invention are described in the subclaims.

The Locking system according to the invention for a lifting device for transporting a load carrier has a predetermined number of locking pins for coupling to the load carrier on, with each locking pin at the lower end of a free hanging Locking shank is angeordent and the locking shaft is mounted at its upper end in a pivot bearing. Every pivot bearing has two half-sockets, which for fixing the associated Locking shaft in a rotationally symmetrical Auspparung at the grab the upper end. To fix the two half-sockets are on the recess of the locking shaft on the tops the half-bushes seated fixing ring and one on the undersides the half-bushes adjoining Bushing and at the top of the fixing ring operable fixing screws intended.

One essential advantage of the locking system according to the invention consists in that for the storage of the individual locking shafts only a pivot bearing needed becomes. Each pivot bearing preferably has only one lubrication point, at which the rotary bearing must be lubricated.

The locking shafts mounted in the pivot bearings can have a limited pendulum Performing movement, which facilitates the introduction of the locking pin in the recordings of a load carrier.

to Limitation of the pendulum movement is the respective locking shaft passed through a bore at the bottom of a spar of a displacement carrier, wherein the diameter of the hole is larger as the diameter of the locking shaft.

The Inventive pivot bearing has an extremely simple, robust and easy-to-assemble construction. For mounting the pivot bearing Seating on a socket half-sockets to a recess the locking shaft laid. Then the fixing ring on the Half bushes laid. After all Fixing screws are inserted at the top of the fixing ring, which enforce the fixing ring and the half bushes and which in the Engage socket, whereby the components of the pivot bearing is fixed in position are.

The Bottom of the bush is preferably on a sliding ring on the Top of Holmes out, this sliding ring is the only lubrication point of the rotary bearing forms.

In an advantageous embodiment Each locking pin is assigned a support plate, which slidably mounted on the locking shaft in the longitudinal direction is.

at Coupling of the locking pin sit in the receptacles of a load carrier the support plates on top of the load carrier on. By the pressure exerted by the load carrier then the support plates on the locking shaft upwards pushed. To the support plates is one parallel to the respective one Locking shaft running stylus coupled so that this is deflected with the respective support plate.

The Movement of the stylus is controlled by a limit switch. Based on the signals generated by the limit switch can be detected whether the locking pins are inserted into the receptacles of the load carrier or not. Furthermore, with the stylus an anti-rotation performed the locking pin which is only active when the locking pin is exposed.

The The invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. It demonstrate.

1 : Top view of an embodiment of the lifting device according to the invention with two guided in a main frame sliding support and a locking system arranged on this.

2 : Side view of the lifting device according to 1 ,

3 : Perspective representation of a locking unit of the locking system according to 1 and 2 ,

4 Partial representation of the locking unit according to 3 ,

5 : Longitudinal section through a locking shaft of the locking unit according to 3 and 4 ,

6 : Perspective representation of a half-socket for the locking unit according to 3 and 4 ,

7 : Longitudinal section through a locking ring for the Verrieglungseinheit according to 3 and 4 ,

8th : Longitudinal section through a socket for the locking unit according to 3 and 4 ,

1 shows a lifter 1 for transporting a load carrier, not shown, in particular a container.

The lifter 1 has a main frame 2 on, in which two shift carrier 3 are guided. The main frame 2 has a substantially qua derförmige outer contour. At the longitudinal ends of the main frame 2 openings are provided, in which the displacement carrier 3 are introduced. This will lead to the displacement 3 at opposite longitudinal ends of the main frame 2 off and are in the longitudinal direction of the main frame 2 slidably arranged.

Every shift carrier 3 has two longitudinally extending spars 4 on. The spars 4 run at a distance parallel to each other and each have a rectangular cross-section.

How out 2 The heights of the spars are obviously the same 4 essentially the height of the main frame 2 ,

Between the bars 4 runs parallel to these a push rod 5 , which are also part of the respective shift carrier 3 is.

How out 1 The spars are visible 4 the first shift carrier 3 laterally offset to the spars 4 the second shift carrier 3 arranged so that these are within the main frame 2 can be pushed past each other NEN.

At the free longitudinal ends of the shift carrier 3 is in each case a head carrier 6 arranged, with both the spars 4 as well as the push rod 5 of the shift carrier 3 on the head carrier 6 are guided. The longitudinal axis of the head carrier 6 runs transversely to the longitudinal axis of the corresponding displacement support 3 , The head carrier 6 thus forms a transversely extending spar of the sliding support 3 , At the ends of the headgear 6 , which laterally over the displacement carrier 3 protrude, recordings are provided for coupling to the container.

The recordings are on the one hand of locking units 7 formed, which are part of a locking system. At each end of a head wearer 6 is such a locking unit 7 intended.

The locking units 7 serve for coupling the lifting device 1 to the container. For this purpose, each locking unit 7 a locking pin 8th on, which is insertable into a receptacle on the container.

For positioning the locking units 7 are at the head carrier 6 as further shots corner instructor 9 intended.

To carry out the displacement movements of the sliding carrier 3 Electric drives are provided. In the present embodiment is for each shift carrier 3 as electric drive an electric motor 10 provided, which a toothed belt 11 drives. Every toothed belt 11 runs roller-guided in the longitudinal direction of the main frame 2 and engages the push rod 5 the respective shift carrier 3 , Thus, the movement of the toothed belt 11 on the push rod 5 transferred, causing the displacement carrier 3 is moved.

The 3 and 4 show the structure of a locking unit 7 , This has a circular cylindrical locking shaft 12 on, on the underside of the locking pin 8th followed. The locking shaft 12 with the locking pin 8th is in 5 shown in detail. The rotationally symmetrical locking shaft 12 has a constant diameter over its length. Only in the region of the upper end of the locking shaft 12 a cylindrical segment is provided with a reduced diameter, whereby in this area a rotationally symmetrical recess 13 arises.

The locking shaft 12 is by means of a pivot bearing on a spar 4 of the shift carrier 3 , preferably on the head carrier 6 rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis. To carry out the rotational movement of the locking shaft 12 an unillustrated drive is provided. The concomitantly rotated locking pin 8th is introduced into a receptacle in the container or released from this again.

In 3 are schematic sections of an upper wall element 14 and a lower wall element 15 shown, which form components of the top or bottom of the respective spar.

The pivot bearing is located at the top of the upper wall element 14 , The pivot bearing essentially comprises two half bushings 16 between a fixing ring 17 and a socket 18 are stored. The socket 18 is with her bottom on a slip ring 19 at the top of the upper wall element 14 rotatably mounted. To the bottom of the sliding ring 19 includes a hardened steel guard ring 20 on, which prevents that by the rotational movement of the pivot bearing of the sliding ring 19 in the upper wall element 14 einfrisst.

The construction of a half-socket 16 is in 6 shown in detail. 7 shows a detailed view of the fixing ring 17 , 8th shows the structure of the socket 18 ,

To mount the pivot bearing, the two half-sockets 16 to the locking shaft 12 placed so that the insides of the half-sockets 16 in the recess 13 of the locking shaft 12 to grab. Like from the 5 and 6 As can be seen, the contours of the insides of the half-bushes 16 to the contour of the recess 13 of the locking shaft 12 adjusted so that the half-sockets 16 positively in the recess 13 to grab. The half-bushes complement each other 16 to an annular arrangement, the form-fitting on the socket 18 seated. The socket 18 itself lies on the slip ring 19 rotatably mounted, for which purpose the contour of the underside of the socket 18 Has bevels, which to the contour of the sliding ring 19 are adjusted.

For fixing the position of the two half-sockets 16 is on the upper sides of the fixing ring 17 placed. Like from the 6 and 7 can be seen on the tops of the half sockets 16 in the circumferential direction stepped steps 21 provided, which is complementary to a stepped shoulder 21 ' at the bottom of the fixing ring 17 are formed. Through the interlocking heels 21 . 21 ' the fixation ring sits 17 secured against displacements on the half bushings 16 on. At the same time the fixation ring secures 17 the half-sockets 16 against detachment from the recess 13 at the locking shaft 12 ,

To fix the components of the pivot bearing fixing screws 22 used. These fixing screws 22 be in tapped holes 23 introduced, each at the top of the fixing ring 17 open out. Every tapped hole 23 passes through the fixing ring 17 , one of the half-sockets 16 and finally flows into the socket 18 one.

How out 3 can be seen, is the locking shaft 12 stored only on its upper side in the pivot bearing, while the underside of the locking shaft 12 with the locking pin 8th suspended over the bottom of the lower wall element 15 protrudes and can exert a pendulum motion.

How out 3 further seen, passes through the locking shaft 12 a circular bore 24 in the lower wall element 15 , whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the locking shaft 12 , The edge of the hole 24 forms a stop that the pendulum movement of the locking shaft 12 limited.

Each locking pin 8th is a platen 25 and one at the top of the platen 25 arranged spacer bush 26 assigned. The receiving plate 25 and the distance bush 26 are at the locking shaft 12 slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction. How out 3 it can be seen, the support plate runs 25 in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the locking shaft extending in the vertical direction 12 is locked. The to the top of the platen 25 subsequent spacer bush 26 has a substantially hollow cylindrical shape.

To the underside of the platen 25 closes a guide bush 27 also on the locking shaft 12 is guided. The guide bush 27 forms a receiving element which is insertable for coupling to a container in a container designed as a container fitting.

When coupling the lifting device 1 to a container when inserting the locking pin 8th in the respective recording on the container, the support plate 25 pressed against the top of the container. This will make the platen 25 at the locking shaft 12 As long as pushed up until the upper edge of the spacer 26 at the bottom wall element 15 rests, the underside of a stop for the spacer bushing 26 forms.

At the top of the platen 25 opens one parallel to the locking shaft 12 extending stylus 28 out. The stylus 28 is to the platen 25 coupled so that this with the platen 25 against the locking shaft 12 is displaceable. The stylus 28 is formed substantially circular cylindrical. He passes through the upper wall element 14 and the lower wall element 15 such that its upper free end is above the upper wall element 14 lies.

In the area between the upper wall element 14 and the lower wall element 15 is the stylus 28 from a spring 29 enclosed on one of the underside of the upper wall element 14 formed stop abuts.

The stylus 29 has a driver, not shown, in the form of a cross-sectional widening, which from below against the spring 29 suppressed. Thus, the upward movement of the stylus takes place 28 at the locking shaft 12 against the spring 29 applied counterforce.

At the top of the stylus 28 is a disc-shaped disk element 30 provided, which over the lateral surface of the stylus 28 protrudes.

This disc element 30 are two bars 31 assigned by the outer surface of the socket 18 protrude. In addition, it is located in the area of the upper end of the stylus 28 a limit switch 32 , With the limit switch 32 is the position of the disc element 30 detectable.

With exposed locking pin 8th ie with lifter disconnected from the container 1 , is the stylus 28 and with this the platen 25 by the spring force of the spring 29 held in a first, lower end position. In this first end position is the disc element 30 at the same height as the jetties 31 and at the same height as the limit switch 32 , As a result, lie on the one hand, the webs 31 on the disk element 30 and thus form an anti-rotation device for the locking pin 8th , Furthermore, the disc element is located 30 in the detection range of the limit switch 32 , By the detection of the disc element 30 will be in the limit switch 32 generates a signal indicating that the stylus 28 is in the first end position. That of the limit switch 32 Generated signal is expediently in a control unit for controlling the lifting device 1 evaluated.

When coupling the lifting device 1 to the container is the support plate 25 put on the container. By the force exerted by the container contact pressure, the support plate 25 and the stylus 28 against the spring force of the spring 29 at the locking shaft 12 pushed up until the distance bushing 26 at the bottom of the lower wall element 15 is applied.

In this second, upper end position is the disc element 30 above the footbridges 31 and above the limit switch 32 ,

Because the disc element 30 now outside the range of the webs 31 is located, the locking pin 8th be turned freely.

In the second end position, the disc element 30 not anymore from the limit switch 32 detected. The accordingly in the limit switch 32 generated signal indicates that the stylus 28 is in its second end position.

1

lifting device

2

main frame

3

displacement carrier

4

Holm

5

pushrod

6

endcarriages

7

locking unit

8th

locking pin

9

Eckeinweiser

10

electric motor

11

toothed belt

12

locking shaft

13

recess

14

upper wall element

15

lower wall element

16

half socket

17

fixing

18

Rifle

19

sliding ring

20

protective ring

21

paragraph

21 '

paragraph

22

fixing screws

23

threaded hole

24

drilling

25

platen

26

spacer bushing

27

guide bush

28

feeler

29

feather

30

disk element

31

Stege

32

limit switch

Claims (16)

Locking system for a lifting device ( 1 ) for transporting a load carrier with a predetermined number of locking pins ( 8th ) for coupling to the load carrier, each locking pin ( 8th ) at the lower end of a freely suspended locking shaft ( 12 ) is mounted, which is mounted at its upper end in a pivot bearing, characterized in that each pivot bearing two half-sockets ( 16 ), which for fixing the associated locking shaft ( 12 ) in a rotationally symmetrical recess ( 13 ) at the upper end, wherein for fixing the two half-sockets ( 16 ) at the recess ( 13 ) of the locking shaft ( 12 ) on the tops of the half-sockets ( 16 ) seated fixing ring ( 17 ) and one to the undersides of the half-sockets ( 16 ) subsequent socket ( 18 ) and at the top of the fixing ring ( 17 ) operable fixing screws ( 22 ) are provided. Locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking shaft ( 12 ) has a rotationally symmetrical cross section over its entire length. Locking system according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the components of each pivot bearing respectively at the top of a spar of a sliding support ( 3 ) of the lifter ( 1 ) are arranged. Locking system according to claim 3, characterized in that the underside of the bushing ( 18 ) on a sliding ring ( 19 ) on the spar of the displacement carrier ( 3 ) rests. Locking system according to claim 4, characterized in that the sliding ring ( 19 ) on a protective ring ( 20 ) rests. Locking system according to one of claims 3-5, characterized in that the locking shaft ( 12 ) a hole ( 24 ) at the bottom of the spar ( 4 ) of the shift carrier ( 3 ) whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the locking shaft ( 12 ). Locking system according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that on the upper side of each locking pin ( 8th ) a platen ( 25 ), at the top of a distance bushing ( 26 ), in which the locking shaft ( 12 ) is guided. Locking system according to claim 7, characterized in that the support plate ( 25 ) and the spacer bush ( 26 ) in the longitudinal direction of the locking shaft ( 12 ) are mounted displaceably. Locking system according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the underside of the spar of the displacement carrier ( 3 ) a stop for the spacer bushing ( 26 ). Locking system according to one of claims 7-9, characterized in that the support plate ( 25 ) a stop for the on the locking pin ( 8th ) fixed load carrier forms. Locking system according to one of claims 7-10, characterized in that at the top of the support plate ( 25 ) one parallel to the locking shaft ( 12 ) extending stylus ( 28 ), which an anti-rotation device for the locking pin ( 8th ). Locking system according to claim 11, characterized in that at the top of the stylus ( 28 ) a laterally projecting over its lateral surface disc element ( 30 ) is provided, which for preventing rotation of the locking pin ( 8th ) with from the outer surface of the socket ( 18 ) projecting webs ( 31 ) is engageable. Locking system according to claim 12, characterized in that when the locking pin is exposed ( 8th ) the disk element ( 30 ) in a first end position at the height of the webs ( 31 ) and that when coupled to the load carrier locking pin ( 8th ) the stylus ( 28 ) by the contact pressure of the load carrier on the support plate ( 25 ) is displaced in the longitudinal direction, so that the disc element ( 30 ) in a second end position outside the engagement region of the webs ( 31 ) lies. Locking system according to claim 13, characterized in that the end positions of the disc element ( 30 ) by means of a limit switch ( 32 ) are detectable. Locking system according to one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that in the second end position the spacer bushing ( 26 ) at the stop forming underside of the spar of the displacement carrier ( 3 ) rests. Locking system according to one of claims 13-15, characterized in that the stylus ( 28 ) by means of a spring ( 29 ) exerted spring force is held in the first end position.