DE102253C

DE102253C -

Info

Publication number: DE102253C
Application number: DENDAT102253D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

KLASSE 14: !DampfmaschinenCLASS 14:! Steam Engines

MAX KOLLER in WINTERTHUR (Schweiz). Zwangsläufige Ventilsteuerung. MAX KOLLER in WINTERTHUR (Switzerland). Inevitable valve control.

Fatentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 3. Juli 1897 ab.Fatentirt in the German Empire from July 3, 1897.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine neue zwangsläufige Ventilsteuerung für Dampfmaschinen. Das neue System bietet den bis jetzt bekannten Ventilsteuerungen gegenüber den Vortheil, dafs die Umdrehungszahl der mit dieser Steuerung versehenen Maschinen sehr hoch angenommen werden kann; ferner ergeben sich geringe schädliche Räume und eine für jeden Füllungsgrad gleiche Voreilung; die geringen schädlichen Räume werden durch die Anordnung der Ventile in den Cylinderdeckeln erzielt. The invention relates to a new inevitable valve control for steam engines. The new system offers the advantage over the valve controls known up to now, that the number of revolutions of the machines equipped with this control is assumed to be very high can be; furthermore, there are small harmful spaces and an advance which is the same for each degree of filling; the minor ones harmful spaces are achieved by the arrangement of the valves in the cylinder lids.

Durch Annahme grofser Durchmesser der Ventile ergiebt sich ein geringer Hub, so dafs dieselben mit nur geringer linearer Geschwindigkeit zu arbeiten brauchen.Assuming a larger diameter of the valves results in a small stroke, so that they only need to work at a slow linear speed.

Auf der beiliegenden Zeichnung, welche eine Ausführungsform einer mit der neuen Steuerung versehenen stehenden Maschine zeigt, ist Fig. 1 ein senkrechter Schnitt durch den Cylinder, an welchen letzteren sich unten seitlich die Steuerungsorgane anschliefsen. Fig. 2 ist ein Schnitt durch das untere Steuerventil nachjs-y (Fig. 1); Fig. 3 ist ein Schnitt nach x-x, welcher die Anordnung der Steuerhebel zeigt.In the accompanying drawing, which shows an embodiment of a stationary machine provided with the new control, FIG. 1 is a vertical section through the cylinder, to which the latter are laterally joined by the control elements. Fig. 2 is a section through the lower control valve according to js-y (Fig. 1); Fig. 3 is a section along xx showing the arrangement of the control levers.

Fig. 4 ist ein Verticalschnitt durch den Cy-. linder, welcher zur Erläuterung der Dampfvertheilung dient.Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the Cy-. linder, which to explain the steam distribution serves.

Zwischen der Säule B und dem den Cylinder tragenden Rahmen ist eine Stütze A befestigt, in deren Lager C eine Kurbelwelle R ruht, welche, in bekannter Art von der Maschine angetrieben, dieselbe Zahl Umdrehungen wie diese macht. Auf dem Kurbelzapfen R sitzt der Kopf L der Zugstangen L¹, welche mit ihrem anderen Ende an einem doppelarmigen, um -F schwingenden Hebel E angreift, der mittelst eines anderen Hebels N das untere Ventil in zweckentsprechender Weise beeinflufst. An dem Kopf L ist ferner eine kleine Gelenkstange D angeschlossen, die auf einen Hebel M einwirkt, der um eine von dem Bock A getragene und den Zapfen S aufnehmende Büchse ζ) schwingt (Fig. 3). Der andere Arm von M ist hakenförmig gebogen und endigt in einen kurzen Arm a, der, sich auf eine entsprechende Gegenfläche b einer auf der Büchse Q lose aufgesetzten Coulisse T stützend, letzterer seine Bewegung, aber nur in einem Sinne, überträgt. In der Coulisse T gleitet das Stück H, dessen Achse beweglich in der unteren Gabel der Stange U angeordnet ist, die oben eine Gabel besitzt, welche den Stützpunkt F des Hebels E F G abgiebt. Die Stange U ist in J mit einer anderen kleinen Stange JK gelenkig verbunden, die durch einen der Arme K S des Winkelhebels R¹ S K bewegt wird, während der andere Arm an den Regulator angeschlossen ist. A support A is fixed between the column B and the frame carrying the cylinder, in the bearing C of which a crankshaft R rests, which, driven in a known manner by the engine, makes the same number of revolutions as this. On the crank pin R sits the head L of the tie rods L ¹ , the other end of which engages a double-armed lever E swinging around -F, which by means of another lever N influences the lower valve in an appropriate manner. A small articulated rod D is also connected to the head L , which acts on a lever M which swings around a bushing ζ) carried by the bracket A and receiving the pin S (FIG. 3). The other arm of M is curved in the shape of a hook and ends in a short arm a, which, leaning on a corresponding counter surface b of a coulisse T loosely placed on the sleeve Q, transmits its movement to the latter, but only in one sense. In the coulisse T , the piece H slides, the axis of which is movably arranged in the lower fork of the rod U , which has a fork at the top which delivers the support point F of the lever EFG. The rod U is articulated in J with another small rod JK , which is moved by one of the arms KS of the angle lever R ¹ SK , while the other arm is connected to the regulator.

Das obere Ventil P wird durch einen ähnlichen Mechanismus angetrieben, der auf der anderen Seite des Bockes A angeordnet ist. und sich von den beschriebenen nur durch' eine Stange O unterscheidet, welche die Bewegung des Hebels EFG auf den Hebel N¹ überträgt. Die Ventile sind entlastete und von gröfserem Durchmesser wie die sonst zu diesen Zwecken üblichen; sie schliefsen alle beide durch Niederfallen auf den Sitz in der Richtung von oben nach unten. Das in den Cylinderdeckel Feingesetzte Ventil P ist geführt und wirkt wie die gewöhnlichen Ventile; das untere Ventil / je-The upper valve P is driven by a similar mechanism located on the other side of the bracket A. and differs from those described only by a rod O which transmits the movement of the lever EFG to the lever N ^1. The valves are relieved and have a larger diameter than those usually used for these purposes; they both both fell down on the seat in the up-down direction. The valve P , which is set into the cylinder cover, is guided and acts like the usual valves; the lower valve / each

Claims

however, located in the lower cylinder cover, has a different arrangement in that it is located on a seat which is placed on the cylinder cover. A ring Z (Fig. 2) serves as a guide, which slides on the outer circumference of the stuffing box and is connected to the valve by two bolts Y, the upper ends of which engage the valve and, penetrating its seat, against it by means of stuffing boxes are sealed. The regulation of the valve stroke takes place from the regulator in the following way: If the axis of the piece H could be attached to L2, the point F would be fixed and the valve / would be more or less open during the entire piston stroke and it would be full will; but since if is shifted in the coulisse T by the action of the regulator, the movement of which is transmitted by the lever JKSR1, the axis F is given a movement which corresponds to that of the axis E, but has an alternating deflection which is all the greater as piece H moves past Z, 2. It is easy to see that to the extent that H moves away from point 5 and as a result the movement of F increases, the path of point G, like that of the valve /, changes proportionally, so that the path of the valve measured by the regulator according to the power requirement and a constant advance is achieved when the steam enters; the action of the control mechanism on the regulator is almost zero, since it only takes place when the surface a of the lever M is in contact with the opposite surface of the coulisse T (FIG. 1). The outflow of steam is brought about by the slides A1, which are arranged so that they can move vertically between the sliding surfaces of the cylinder and the plates B1 fastened to it by means of screw bolts. The plates B1, like the slides, have openings a2 of a suitable shape, which allow the passage of steam (see FIG. 4). The slides A1 are connected to the vertical drive rod E1 by extensions D1, which pass through the plates S1 and can slide back and forth in the vertical direction in slots arranged for this purpose in the plates. The rod E1 is moved back and forth on the motor axis by an eccentric and thus gives the slides A1 a suitable movement for regulating the outflow of steam. The steam chamber H1 is through a channel G1 either with the atmosphere or a condenser, but also with. the steam feed line of a second cylinder and in this last case, if it is a compound machine, together with the channel G1 forms an intermediate container for the steam, as shown in FIG. 4. Although the control in the drawing is assumed, for example, for a single-cylinder standing machine, it can just as well be used for any horizontal or vertical machine with one or more cylinders, if the relevant organs are given the appropriate arrangements. Godfather ν τ claims:

1. Inevitable valve control for steam engines, characterized in that, under the action of the regulator, the height of the pivot point (F) of a two-armed lever (EFG) connected to the valve control lever (N ) is changed in order to measure the valve lift according to the power requirement and a constant advance To achieve steam entry.

2. An embodiment for changing the height of the mentioned fulcrum according to claim 1, in which a lever (D) articulated on the head (L) of the connecting rod (L ¹ ) of the known crankshaft (R) influences a two-armed lever (M) in such a way that whose shorter arm (a) acts periodically against a coulisse (T) , in which a rod (U) carrying the pivot pin (F) is guided in a suitable manner, which is guided by the lever (JK) and an angle lever (KSR ¹ ) is influenced by the regulator.

1 sheet of drawings.