DE10224484A1 - Controller for electrically powered games devices has switch passing full or half rectified voltage depending on control element position to output directly/via voltage reduction component - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has input contacts (32,33) for an AC voltage connected to a bridge rectifier (36) for full rectification; one input contact is connected to a semiconducting diode (41) for half rectification. A switch element (42) passes full or half rectified voltage to the output directly or via a voltage reduction component (53) depending on a control element position. The device has a control element adjustable by the operator at least for altering the speed of motion of the drive arrangement as required and at least one actuation element with a motion coupling to the control element. Input contacts (32,33) for an AC voltage are connected to a bridge rectifier (36) for full rectification and one input contact is connected to a semiconducting diode (41) for half rectification. A switch element (42) passes full or half rectified voltage to the output directly or via a voltage reduction component (53) depending on the control element position.

Description

The invention relates to a control device for electrically operated toys, as in Described claim 1, and their use according to claims 29 to 33.

Control devices for electrically drivable toy vehicles are known, with which the movement speed and direction of movement of the respective toy vehicle ent can be changed or regulated according to the wishes of the operator. For controlling It is known from entire model railroad systems or model trains, the so-called rule transformers for operating and for the largely infinitely variable change of speed to use model locomotives that have been modeled as real as possible. Furthermore, are model railroad layouts for the so-called "digital operation" or multi-train control system known systems in which the most diverse with a plurality of electronic components  Control commands are generated, issued in a targeted manner and removed from the selected model vehicle can be implemented accordingly. Such digital controls require due to their structurally complex or complex construction relatively high expenses and costs. But also the known control devices for the so-called analog operation of the model toys cannot meet all economic and technical requirements the.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive control to create direction for electrically powered toys. There is also another one The object of the invention is to electrically model model toys as possible to be able to control faithfully from a limited distance.

The object of the invention is solved by the features of claim 1. It is advantageous thereby that a toy provided with electrically controllable drives with simple Circuitry measures are controlled relatively sensitively in its movements or can be regulated. By combining one-way rectification and full path rectification, the drive energy supplied to a drive device can simply be generated apply or are graduated, so that not only switching on and off, but at least also reali different speeds of movement with simple technical means can be settled. Enable the structurally simple components of the control device an inexpensive production and overall a good price / performance ratio ratio for the specified control device. In addition, the specified com components have a particularly light weight controller for electrical Toys to be supplied with DC voltage, whereby their handling and mobility begin is increasing. It is also essential that the power loss of the control device, in particular in the operating mode with low output power, is kept low. The power loss in the operating state with a low output energy can namely by the Be drive mode with one-way rectification can be reduced by up to 50%.

Due to the possible embodiment according to claim 2, the number of electrical comm Components of the control device are additionally reduced after individual diodes of the Bridge rectifier alternately for one-way rectification and full-wave rectification supplied AC voltage can be used.

In the embodiment according to claim 3 it is advantageous that the control device of only  one hand of a user can be comfortably gripped and operated if necessary. In addition, a certain mobility of the user is guaranteed.

In the embodiment according to claim 4 it is advantageous that the control device itself, that is at least that part which is gripped by the hand of a user is transformerless can be trained and thus a high level of safety with regard to electrical Protective measures is achieved.

According to the development according to claim 5 can be available as standard and in high Components manufactured in quantities can be used for the construction of the control and can thereby further reduce the overall cost of the control device. Furthermore, It is advantageous that standard protective measures or Overload protection can be used.

In the alternative embodiment according to claim 6 it is advantageous that the number of external Components and thus the number of cable connections between the components appropriate control system can be reduced.

In the embodiment according to claim 7 is advantageous in that one of the electrical Load or component that is largely independent of the respective load current for changing tion of the output voltage is created.

In the embodiment according to claim 8, it is advantageous that the output voltage of the control erection can be changed within a wide range in relatively small steps can.

In the embodiment according to claim 9, it is advantageous that the change in amplitude and simultaneously change the pulse width of the pulses of the output voltage in several stages can be changed.

In the embodiment according to claim 10 it is advantageous that a smooth transition from maximum output voltage to minimum output voltage or output power and vice versa is possible via the intermediate switching stages.

The output voltage or the electrical power of a connected to the output  Consumer or drive can by the design according to claim 11 sensitive re gulated or changed.

The configuration according to claim 12 is also of particular advantage, since it means full travel rectification and half-way rectification can be combined in such a way that the Switching from one-way rectification to full-wave rectification and vice versa sets smoothly or smoothly passing power and thus an almost linear control of a drive device is made possible.

Due to the multi-stage selector switch according to claim 13, there are hardly any speed jumps Detect change from one switching level to the next switching level.

Structurally simple, yet functionally reliable switching elements are due to the design achievable according to claim 14.

Due to the configuration according to claim 15, an operator of the control device 1 only has to actuate an actuating or regulating element and the change or transition to the different power levels can take place smoothly and properly or fail-safe.

Due to the special configuration according to claims 16 and 17, the switching elements function at the same time as a means for reversing the polarity of the direct voltage applied to the output terminals tion, so that the two switching elements at the same time to reverse the direction of movement of a Drive are used.

The training according to claim 18 can be done in a simple manner by means of simple grinding contacts can be implemented or there can be standard, often tried and tested Um switches are used.

The design according to claim 19 enables intuitive operation of the control device enables so that hardly any previous knowledge or training is required. Furthermore incorrect operation can be largely excluded.

The embodiment according to one or more of claims 20 to 22 enables the realization tion of multifunctional switching elements with simple structural measures.  

The training according to claims 23 and 24 proves to be advantageous because over a single, central control element or control element in the form of a rotary controller both the Geschwin as well as the direction of movement of a toy to be controlled as desired can be adjusted or regulated.

Due to the configuration according to claim 25, both the signal form of the one-way match rectified as well as the fully rectified DC voltage can be changed so that also when switching between one-way rectification to full-wave rectification and Conversely, do not cause a sudden change in the drive power of an electric motor gently.

One that occurs in the transition from one-way rectification to full-wave rectification Power or energy jump is avoided by the configuration according to claim 26.

The development according to claim 27 prevents the control device from improper start-up or use of electrical defects.

An effective security element, which also opens when activated Housing unnecessary is specified according to claim 28.

The uses of the control device according to the invention are also advantageous Claim 29 or 30, since this provides the incentive to play with a corresponding tied toy vehicle or functional model can be increased.

The uses according to claim 31 or 32 are also advantageous since they are diverse Most movement functions can be carried out as true to the prototype as possible using the remote control can.

Finally, the use of the control device according to claim 33 is advantageous because This means that special models for model railroad layouts can be controlled or moved realistically can be.

The invention is described below with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings Examples explained in more detail.  

Show it:

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a control device for controlling a model railroad system in a simplified, schematic representation.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a possible embodiment of the electrical control device according to Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows a possible form of a voltage signal, as it can be generated at the output of the Steuerein direction of Figure 1, in a highly simplified, schematic representation.

FIG. 4 shows a possible layout for an embodiment of the control device according to FIG. 1 for the soldering side of a component carrier in a simplified representation;

Fig. 5 shows a possible layout for the component side of a component carrier of the Steuereinrich device according to Fig. 4 in a simplified representation.

As an introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments Identical parts with the same reference numerals or the same component designations are, the disclosures contained in the entire description transfer the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same component designations can be. The location information selected in the description, such as. B. above, below, laterally, etc. related to the figure described and illustrated immediately and are to be transferred to the new position in the event of a change of position. Furthermore can also individual features or combinations of features from those shown and described different embodiments for themselves independent, inventive or invent represent appropriate solutions.

In Fig. 1 shows a possible embodiment of a control device 1 for electrical Steue tion of the functions of the toy or at least one toy, in particular of at least one toy vehicle 2, is illustrated. The control device 1 is particularly suitable for controlling the movement functions of a toy model in accordance with the wishes of an operator of the control device 1 or in accordance with the control commands of a user of a corresponding toy system with a plurality of electrically operated toys. Movement functions of a toy model or toy vehicle 2 are understood to mean driving movements and / or rotary movements and / or steering movements and / or movements of any function models. Such a functional model can for example be formed by a crane, the crane boom and / or Oberwa conditions and / or rope hooks or the like. Via the control device 1 can be moved or adjusted as desired. So that the various movement functions of a toy vehicle 2 or of a functional model can be carried out remotely, they comprise at least one drive device 3 , in particular at least one electric motor 4 . This electric motor 4 is preferably formed by a direct current motor which can be operated with direct voltage modulated in the pulse width and / or in amplitude and converts supplied electrical voltage into kinetic energy. Instead of supplying pulse-width-modulated voltage for the operation of the at least one electric motor 4 of the toy model, it is of course also possible to generate frequency-modulated electrical drive energy for its movement control.

In a preferred embodiment, the control device 1 is used for function or movement control of track-guided model vehicles 5 , as has been indicated schematically. In particular, the control device 1 is suitable for controlling rail-guided model railroad vehicles, such as model railroad locomotives or model railroad trains, which can be moved in a track-guided manner on a track 6 of a rail system.

Deviating from these track-guided model vehicles 5 , it is of course also possible to use the control device 1 for function control of steerable toy vehicles with cable remote control. Likewise, it is of course possible to use the control device 1 for controlling toy vehicle models that move along predefined tracks.

The electrical control device 1 can have an approximately palm-sized housing 7 , in which at least some of the electrical components required for controlling the drive device 3 of a toy vehicle are accommodated. The dimensions, in particular the width, length and height dimensions of the housing 7 are chosen such that the control device 1 can be comfortably held in the hand and at least partially gripped by the fingers of a user. At least on an upper side 8 of the housing 7 Ge at least one control element 9 is arranged. A plurality of operating elements 9 are preferably provided in the form of buttons and / or switches and / or rotary controls and / or slide controls or the like. A central control element 9 of the control device 1 is formed by a control element 10 , which is preferably implemented in the manner of a rotary controller. Of course, it is also possible to use a slider as Regelor gan 10 instead of a rotary control.

With this button-like control element 10 , preferably both the direction of movement and the speed of movement of the drive device 3 can be selected or regulated for the respective movement function. Instead of this preferably combined direction and speed control of an electromotive drive device 3 by means of the central control element 10 , it is of course also possible to regulate only the speed of movement via this control element 10 and via a separate control element 9 , for example in the form of a button or switch, to select or preset the direction of movement.

If the preferably combined control element 10 for the direction and speed selection is in a basic position 11 illustrated in FIG. 1, which can be recognized by the agreement or overlap of a marking on the housing with a marking arranged on the control element 10 , then this is in each case to controlling to drive device deactivated 3, that is, that this drive device is supplied 3 no or only a relatively low electric power, which does not processing for activating the Antriebsvorrich sufficient. 3

If the control element 10 is moved or rotated in the direction of an arrow 12 , at least one drive device 3 which can be connected to or connected to an output 13 of the control device 1 is activated or set in motion with a specific direction of rotation. The further the control element 10 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 12 , the higher the rotational speed or rotational speed on the respective drive device 3 of a toy vehicle 2 . If the control member 10 is rotated up to a stop 14 , the respective drive device 3 is fed with electrical energy in such a way that the maximum possible or the maximum permitted speed or rotational speed is set at this. If the control element 10 is moved back against the arrow 12 again in the direction of the basic position 11 or towards the housing-side marking, the respective electromotive drive device 3 slows down continuously until it is finally brought to a standstill when the basic position 11 is taken. The same applies if the control element 10 is moved from the basic position in the direction of an arrow 15 . Here, the respective drive device 3 is displaced in the opposite direction of rotation and, depending on the actuating angle of the control element 10 or the actuating distance in the direction of arrow 15, its speed or speed increases until finally the maximum speed or maximum speed is reached at a stop 16 is.

In the case of regulation or control of a traction drive, this means that when the control member 10 moves in the direction of arrow 12, for example, a backward movement and when moving in the direction of arrow 15 a forward movement of the respective toy vehicle 2 with its current rotational angle position dependent driving speed results. The speed of the movement can be increased and reduced continuously or as continuously as possible, starting from the basic position up to the stops 14 or 16 .

Optionally, the control device 1 can also include an emergency stop 17 . This emergency stop 17 is preferably designed as a switch or button and advantageously in the center area of the disk-shaped or button-shaped control element 10 .

Further control elements 9 optionally formed on the control device 1 can be, for example, switches or buttons for activating and deactivating additional functions as required. So it is z. B. possible to use these additional controls to activate or activate 9 special functions. Such special functions are, for example, in the control of railroad models, a locomotive pipe, a smoke generator, a decoupling processing device, a lighting device, a switch or signal drive or the like.

Optionally, the control device 1 can also have at least one display element 18 , which can be implemented on the one hand as a simple illuminant, for example in the form of a light-emitting diode, or as a display, for example in the form of a seven-segment or LCD display. Different operating states or the selection of individual functions can be visualized by means of this display element 18 . Alternatively, it is of course also possible to integrate at least one display element 18 , in particular in the form of lighting means or LEDs, in control buttons and to display their current switching state via the lighting state. Instead of independent display elements 18 and control elements, it is of course also possible to provide a combined input and output device in the manner of a touch screen.

It is essential that the control device 1 for forming supplied electrical voltage and for forwarding the correspondingly formed voltage to the Antriebsvorrich device 3 of a toy vehicle 2 is provided. In particular, the control device 1 is suitable for controlling track-guided model vehicles, such as. B. model trains, in the so-called "analog operation". Under "analog operation" of model railways is to be understood that the electrical energy or voltage provided at the output 13 of the control device 1 is placed over a cable connection 19 on rails 20 , 21 of the respective track system and each model vehicle located in the same circuit on this track system 5 taps off the voltage applied to the track 6 and is moved in accordance with this voltage at a corresponding speed in the respective direction. A selective multiple train control is therefore not possible with the control device 1 described.

For this quasi "analog operation" of the toy vehicle 2 to be controlled accordingly, the electrical energy supplied to the control device 1 is converted by the control device 1 and provided via the cable connection 19 for a sliding tap by at least one toy vehicle 2 on the track 6 . This provision of the electrical energy on the track 6 can take place both in the illustrated, so-called two-wire or DC systems as well as in three-wire or AC systems with point contacts between the rail's rule.

The control device 1 is preferably supplied with the electrical AC voltage via an external transformer 22 . The transformer 22 is preferably designed as a plug-in power supply 23 , which is available as standard. This plug-in power supply 23 is preferably short-circuit-proof or overload-proof and can be connected via a cable connection 24 to an input 25 of the control device 1 . The transformer 22 or the plug-in power supply 23 serves, as is known per se, to convert the electrical voltage provided by an electrical power supply network into safety extra-low voltage and to supply it to the control device 1 via the input 25 . The cable connection 24 is preferably separable between the plug-in power supply 23 and the control device 1 . For this purpose, the Steuerein device 1 comprises a socket 26 , in which a standard plug 27 of the plug network part 23 can be inserted and removed as required.

The same applies to the cable connection 19 . In this case, the output 13 assigned neten cable connection 19 , a plug 28 is formed, which can be connected to a socket 29 , which forms the output 13 of the control device 1 .

The sockets 26 , 29 and plugs 27 , 28 are designed to be confusion-proof or spoil-proof.

The control device 1 is thus provided as a so-called cable remote control for electrically antreibba re toys or functional models and is more or less a wired remote control device for drive devices 3 integrated in the toys to be operated.

Instead of using a plug-in power supply 23 as a transformer 22 , the plug-in power supply 23 being pluggable directly into a conventional electrical socket for supplying energy to single-phase household appliances, it is of course also possible to use conventional block transformers, which are connected to the via a separate cable connection electrical power supply network can be connected. In any case, however, special precautionary measures should be taken to rule out critical voltages at the plug of the primary side of a transformer 22 when several transformers 22 are connected in parallel and only partial connection of the transformers 22 to the mains.

The transformer 22 is preferably arranged externally to the housing 7 of the control device 1 , so that there are no voltages within the housing 7 above the safety extra-low voltage critical due to electric shock. When taking additional, strict security or insulation measures, it would of course also be conceivable to move the transformer 22 into the interior of the housing 7 , although - as mentioned - this would be associated with higher technical outlay.

A maximum control range or angle of rotation 30 of the control element 10 is 180 ° to 320 °, preferably approximately 270 °, the left part of the control range - according to arrow 12 - being provided for a first direction of rotation or movement and the second part of the control range - According to arrow 15 - is intended for the opposite direction of rotation or movement.

In Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the control device 1 or of the subject hand-held terminal is shown. At least the electrical components shown in full lines are arranged within the preferably electrically insulating, preferably plastic housing 7 - FIG. 1.

As can be clearly seen, an electrical circuit 31 in the housing 7 - FIG. 1 - comprises the input 25 for the preferably external supply of electrical AC voltage from an external transformer 22 - FIG. 1. The AC voltage supplied to the circuit 31 is in the range of so-called safety extra-low voltage. The effective value of the AC voltage, as supplied to the control device 1 which can be picked up by a hand of an operator, is thus approximately max. 24 V. The control device 1 functions as a DC voltage regulator and the output voltage or output power applied on the output side can be raised and lowered. The speed of an electric motor 4 supplied with it can be regulated almost continuously via this variable output voltage. The control range of the output voltage can be between approximately 0 V and 14 V DC voltage, for example.

The input 25 comprises at least two input contacts 32 , 33 , which are preferably formed on the socket 26 - FIG. 1. However, these input contacts 32 , 33 can also be provided as input terminals for cable ends. The input contacts 32 , 33 are connected via lines 34 , 35 to the AC voltage inputs of a bridge rectifier 36 . This bridge rectifier 36 can, as is known per se, be constructed discretely by four or by a plurality of four interconnected semiconductor diodes or be formed by a one-piece bridge rectifier 36 with integrated semiconductor diodes. The bridge rectifier 36 is used for full-wave rectification of the electrical AC voltage supplied via the input 25 . The bridge rectifier 36 provides the corresponding direct voltage formed from the supplied alternating voltage at a first output 37 and at a second output 38 . This DC voltage is generally formed by successive, sinusoidal half-waves of the same polarity. The DC voltage of the bridge rectifier provided at the output 37 , 38 can therefore be referred to as pulsating. Although it is by no means absolutely necessary, an optional smoothing device 39 can also be provided at the output 37 , 38 of the bridge rectifier 36 , as is shown in broken lines. In the simplest case, this smoothing device 39 is formed by a capacitor 40 , for example by an electrolytic capacitor.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the positive potential is provided at the first output 37 of the bridge rectifier 36 and the negative potential of the direct voltage is provided at its second output 38 .

In addition to the bridge rectifier 36 for full-wave rectification, a diode or semiconductor diode 41 is also provided in the circuit 31 for one-way rectification. The semiconductor diode 41 for one-way rectification of AC voltage present at the input 25 can be formed by the same component type as is also used for the bridge rectifier 36 for full-wave rectification. For this purpose, a connection of the semiconductor diode 41 , for example the cathode of the semiconductor diode 41 , is line-connected to the input contact 32 . Of course, it is also possible to connect the semiconductor diode 41 , in particular its cathode, to the input contact 33 of the input 25 .

Instead of using an independent semiconductor diode 41 for one-way rectification of AC voltage, it is of course also possible to use a single or two diodes of the bridge rectifier 36 connected in the flow direction as a means for one-way rectification. Individual diodes of the bridge rectifier 36 are alternately switched from full-wave rectification to one-way rectification and vice versa. Egg ne of the independent optional semiconductor diode 41 corresponding diode of the bridge rectifier 36 is formed according to FIG. 2 by its upper diode in the left branch of the bridge. A switching element, in particular a normally closed or normally open contact, can be provided to implement a corresponding double use of semiconductor diodes for one-way and full-way rectification. This is to be used at the corresponding point in one of the bridge branches, in particular in the upper bridge branch of the bridge rectifier 36 according to FIG. 2.

The electrical circuit of the control device 1 thus includes means for full-wave rectification, in particular the bridge rectifier 36 , and means for one-way rectification, in particular at least one semiconductor diode 41 for one-way rectification supplied AC voltage. It is essential that a switch from one-way rectification to full-path rectification can be carried out during operation or during use of the control device 1 . This switching is for the operator or user of the control device 1 itself is not noticeable and this switching takes place at the loading of the control device 1 and the control organ 10 dienung automatically. Thus, the operator has to operate any switches or buttons to the switching from half-wave rectification in full-wave rectification to effect, or vice versa, but instead takes this order circuit automatically during operation of the control organ 10 is preferably embodied as a rotary knob - Fig. 1. The switching from half-wave rectification on Vollweggleich direction and vice versa takes place in particular as a function of the position, in particular the angle of rotation position, of the control element 10 - FIG. 1.

For this purpose, an electrical switching element 42 is provided, which is motion-coupled to the control element 10 or can be actuated via the control element 10 .

This switching element 42 is designed in the manner of a switch 43 , which can alternately switch between the means for one-way rectification, in particular the semiconductor diode 41 , and the means for full-wave rectification, in particular the bridge rectifier 36 .

In the illustrated schematic diagram of FIG. 2, the switching position of the switching element 42 is set to full-wave rectification. Here, the switching element 42 is connected on the one hand to the two th output 38 of the bridge rectifier 36 and on the other hand to an output contact 44 at the output 13 . If, on the other hand, the switching element 42 is switched to one-way rectification, it connects the remaining connection of the semiconductor diode 41 , in particular its anode 45 , to the output contact 44 at the output 13 of the control device 1 .

If the alternating switching behavior of the switching element 42 is symbolized as a switch 43 , its root 46 , ie a connection 49 of the switch 43 assigned to the two corresponding 47 , 48 , is connected to one of the two output contacts, for example with the output contact 44 at the output 13 of the control device 1 , connected.

The switching element 42 is preferably formed by sliding contact switches, wherein the element coupled to the control element 10 - FIG. 1 - is formed by a contact bridge 50 .

Instead of the formation of the switch 43 by means of electrical contacts, it is of course also possible to implement switches operating according to optical, inductive or other physical principles.

Thus, a first potential of the one-way or full-wave rectified voltage is available via the switching element 42 at the output 13, for example in accordance with the second output contact 44 of the off passage 13 at. A reference potential or second potential of the one-way or full-wave rectified DC voltage, depending on the position of the switching element 42, can be taken directly from the output 37 of the bridge rectifier 36 and provided at a first output contact 51 of the output 13 , as indicated by a broken line 52 has been.

However, at least one component 53 for lowering the voltage, in particular for lowering the amplitude of the DC voltage and / or the pulse width of the pulsating DC voltage, is preferably connected to one of the two DC outputs of the bridge rectifier 36 , for example to its output 37 . This component 53 is preferably formed by a series circuit 54 of a plurality of semiconductor diodes 55 to 63 for the step-wise or almost stepless reduction of the power, in particular the amplitude and / or the pulse width of the DC voltage. The number of semiconductor diodes 55 to 63 connected in series basically depends on the desired control range or the required reduction range of the electrical power or on the level or amplitude of the DC voltage supplied. Usually, these semiconductor diodes 55 to 63 are formed by silicon diodes, whereby a voltage drop in the amount of the respective flow voltage, ie approximately 0.7 V, can be set for each semiconductor diode 55 to 63 . By connecting several semiconductor diodes 55 to 63 in series , the level of the desired voltage drop can therefore be set or regulated in steps of approximately 0.7 V.

Instead of using silicon diodes, it is of course also possible to use Gerium diodes with a voltage drop of 0.3 to 0.4 V or Zener diodes with a different flow rate value. The lower the flow voltage of the selected semiconductor diodes 55 to 63 , the finer the voltage regulation can be carried out.

In a worsened embodiment, it would also be possible to form the component 53 for voltage reduction by means of a variable resistor, in particular a potentiometer or a decade of resistance. Here, however, a voltage drop dependent on the current flow occurs at the respective resistor, which means that this design can only be used to a limited extent.

The advantage of using semiconductor diodes 55 to 63 is that the voltage drop at each diode is largely independent of the current flow through the diode and semiconductor diodes 55 to 63 are therefore better suited for a linear voltage control that is as independent as possible of the current flow at output 13 .

This series circuit 54 of the semiconductor diodes 55 to 63 is connected in the flow direction to the most output 37 of the bridge rectifier 36 . Individual tapping contacts 64 to 73 are formed between the individual semiconductor diodes 55 to 63 connected in series and at the end and preferably also at the beginning of this series connection 54 .

Optionally, one of these tapping contacts 64 to 73 is, depending on the position, in particular the rotational angle position of the control element 10 - FIG. 1 - in contact with a further switching element 74 or these tapping contacts 64 to 73 are part of this switching element 74 . The tapping contacts 64 to 73 have been provided with information S1 to S10 for better identification. About these individual tapping contacts 64 to 73 different electrical powers of the DC voltage at the output 13 can be provided. These tapping contacts 64 to 73 represent different performance levels at the output 13 of the control device 1 . In the case of speed control of a drive device 3 , in particular a traction drive of a toy vehicle 2 , these stages can therefore be referred to as switching or driving stages.

The switching element 74 represents a kind of multi-stage selector switch after one of the available tap contacts 64 to 73 can be connected to an outgoing contact 75 of the switching element 74 . This outgoing contact 75 in turn represents a so-called "root" of the multi-stage switching element 74 .

This outgoing contact 75 of the second switching element 74 then leads to the first output contact 51 of the control device 1st

The second switching element 74 is preferably formed by a simple contact bridge 76 , which can selectively connect one of the tapping contacts 64 to 73 between the semiconductor diodes 55 to 63 to the outgoing contact 75 and the output contact 51 in an electrically conductive manner. As illustrated by the arrows indicated in full and in dashed lines, the contact bridge 76 is in dependence on the position, in particular the angular position of the control element 10 - Fig. 1 - with one of the plurality of tapping contacts 64 to 73 in electrically conductive connection. If the contact bridge 76 of the switching element 74 is in connection with the tapping contact 64 , the component 53 for voltage reduction is quasi deactivated or short-circuited and lies the full electrical power available at the output contact 51 following the one-way rectification E or full-wave rectification V. on. The last-mentioned switching position basically corresponds to the state which can also be achieved when wiring is formed according to the dashed line 52 .

Starting from the switching position S1, in which the tapping contact 64 is active or occupied, in the direction of the switching position S10, in which the tapping contact 73 is occupied by the contact bridge 76 of the switching element 74 , the electrical voltage provided at the output 13 or Power for an electric motor drive device 3 to be connected to it , as will be explained in more detail below.

It is essential that the optional switching element 74 , like the first switching element 42 , is actuated or moved simultaneously via the common control element 10 . In a preferred embodiment, the contact bridge 50 of the first switching element 42 is mounted together with the contact bridge 76 of the second switching element 74 on the central control element 10 - FIG. 1 - or can be actuated or switched over by this. This coupling, in particular the movement coupling of the switching elements 42 , 74, has been illustrated by a dashed line 77 .

The individual semiconductor diodes 55 to 63 or tapping contacts 64 to 73 are preferably not always connected sequentially or without gaps by the switching element 74 , but tapped in such a way that, especially when switching from one-way rectification device E to full-wave rectification device V and vice versa, via the Switching element 42 results in a linear control or a possibly uniform or stepless characteristic for the Antriebsvor direction 3 .

Overall, the schematically illustrated embodiment of the Steuereinrich device 1 has eleven control or driving stages. At the three highest control or speed levels, the supply voltage for a consumer or an electromotive drive device 3 is fully rectified and the tapping contacts 68 (S5), 66 (S3) and 64 (S1) are used, as is also indicated by the letter "V" for full-wave rectification has been identified. At the eight lower control or speed levels, the AC voltage supplied is rectified one-way - the switching element 42 is in switch position E - and the tapping contacts 73 (S10), 72 (S9), 71 (S8), 70 (S7 ), 69 (S6), 68 (S5), 67 (S4) and 65 (S2) are used. It is essential to this partially erratic circuitry of the tapping contacts 64 to 73 depending on the speed steps and the one-way or full-way rectification that this results in an almost linearly increasing or decreasing power or energy characteristic or speed on the connected drive device 3 ( see Fig. 1) sets. From the foregoing it can also be clearly seen that individual grips, in particular the tapping contact 68 (S5), are contacted by the switching element 74 both when the one-way rectification E is activated and when the full-path rectification V is activated.

Basically, it should be noted that at the highest speed or control levels, at which the comparatively greatest electrical power is available at the output 13 , the scarf telement 42 is set to full-wave rectification V and the first tapping contacts 64 , 66 , 68 of the component in the direction of current flow 53 can be used to lower the voltage. At the low speed or control levels, at which comparatively less electrical power is to be provided at the output 13 , the switching element 42 is set to one-way rectification E and comparatively more taps, in particular the tapping contacts 73 , 72 , 71 , 70 , 69 , 68 , 67 and 65 are used. From this it can be clearly seen that the circuit 31 operated at the lower speed or control levels, especially in slow driving, on the one hand is set to one-way rectification E and compared to the full-travel rectification V relatively many of the existing taps of the component 53 for optional connection for the Lowering voltage are provided. These measures result in a particularly good control behavior, which is comparable with a linear control or with an almost infinitely variable control via a control transformer.

It is essential that the polarity of the DC voltage at the output 13 can be changed as a function of the position of the control element 10 . For this purpose, the output contacts 44 , 51 are virtually crossed out in terms of circuitry, as was illustrated by the contact bridges 50 , 76 shown in dashed lines. In particular, the roots of the switching elements 42 , 74 or the terminal 49 and the outgoing contact 75 of the two switching elements 42 , 74 are replaced or quasi crossed. This polarity reversal of the output voltage or DC voltage at the output 13 is coupled to the control element 10 and takes place automatically when the control element 10 changes from the first or left control range half to the second or right control range half and vice versa, as will be described in more detail below ,

From the basic circuit according to FIG. 2 it can also be seen that when the one-way rectification E is activated, the current path or the output current also runs via a single diode of the bridge rectifier 36 . This always results in the operating state with one-way rectification also a relatively small voltage drop across a diode of the bridge rectifier 36 .

Preferably, the output 13 of the control device 1 constructed as a diode circuit or from an interconnection of a plurality of diodes is preceded by at least one electrical fuse element 78 for protecting the circuit 31 against overload or short circuit. Ses fuse element 78 is associated with or upstream of at least one of the two output contacts 44 , 51 , for example output contact 44 . This securing element 78 is preferably formed by an automatically resetting component after a triggering. Ideally, the securing element 78 is formed by a PTC thermistor, in particular by a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) resistor. As an alternative to this, it is of course also possible to form the securing element 78 by means of a bimetal or fuse, or to provide the securing element 78 on the input side or in another current path of the control device 1 .

In Fig. 3 is a diagram 79 with a possible waveform of a DC voltage (U =), as can be generated by a configuration of the control device 1 previously described, is illustrated. It is expressly stated that this diagram 79 , in which the time (t) is plotted on the abscissa and a possible course of a DC voltage (U =) which arises at the output, is only shown as an example and only for Clarification of the principle of operation and the functioning of the switching device described from a network or an interconnection of several diodes is intended. The individual time blocks or stages P1 to P8 along the time axis (t) represent different energy or power levels of the control device 1 . The energy or power level P1 of the control device 1 provides comparatively little electrical drive power or comparatively low electrical direct voltage for a drive device connected on the output side. Thus, an electric motor drive device is moved with a relatively low number of revolutions per unit of time. With increasing energy or power level in the direction of the time blocks or levels P2 to P8, the electrical drive power or the level or amplitude of the DC voltage provided on the output side increases for an electromotive drive device. As a result, the speed and / or the drive torque of the supplied drive device increases from stage to stage.

From this diagram 79 it can clearly be seen that the control device 1 operates at the lower power levels P1 to P4 on one-way rectification E and at the higher power levels P5 to P8 in the operating mode for full-wave rectification V. At the highest performance level P8, the circuit described above is accordingly set to full-wave rectification V and the above-described component 53 for voltage reduction - FIG. 2 - is preferably inactive. This means that at this highest energy or power level P8, the direct voltage (U =) is tapped directly at the output of the bridge rectifier 36 - FIG. 2. It can also be clearly seen from diagram 79 that the diode circuit of the control device 1 can be used to carry out both an amplitude modulation and a pulse width modulation of the DC voltage composed of sinusoidal half-waves, and thus the effective power provided at the output is varied or ideally varied or ideally varied can be regulated in order to achieve a linear or steady increase or decrease in the speed of an electromotive drive device. In particular, the circuit described or the series connection of the diodes for voltage reduction can, for example, reduce sinusoidal half-waves of a predetermined alternating voltage at a certain frequency in terms of their pulse width and also in their amplitude in several stages, as can be seen from the course of the direct voltage (U =) and the shape of the individual voltage blocks is clearly visible. Instead of supplying sinusoidal AC voltage, it would of course also be possible with increased effort to supply the control device 1 or circuit with square-wave voltages, triangular voltages or the like.

In the case of the optionally adjustable energy or power levels P1 to P8, the same duration, in particular only one period, of an alternating voltage 80 supplied to the control device 1 - shown in dashed lines - is shown. The course or shape of an output or DC voltage 81 of the control device 1 shown in full lines is dependent on the selected switching or power level. Depending on the position of the control knob according to one of the switching or power levels P1 to P8, the corresponding signal form at the output of the control device is then available for the duration of the taking of the respective switching or power level P1 to P8. For the sake of simplicity, only a time period corresponding to one period of the supplied AC voltage 80 was shown for each power level P1 to P8. In real operation of the control device 1 , the duration of the presence of the respective power level P1 to P8 can be chosen as long as desired according to the wishes of the operator.

According to the left half of the diagram 79 , the circuit is set to one-way rectification E and it can clearly be seen from this that, for example, the negative half-waves of the supplied AC voltage 80 are virtually cut off or are not passed to the output of the control device. In the full-wave rectification V starting at power stage P5, the negative or second half-waves of the sinusoidal AC voltage are then reversed and also provided at the output of the control device. Basically, with active full-wave rectification V compared to one-way rectification E, approximately twice the electrical power is available at the output. By alternately wiring device 53 for voltage reduction, in particular through the series circuit 54 with semiconductor diodes 55 to 63 - Fig. 2 - then both in the operating mode with one-way rectification E and in the operating mode with full-wave rectification V gradations of the power or in the amplitude and / or pulse width of the half-waves can be made. The level of the amplitudes and pulse widths of the individual DC voltage blocks or pulses essentially depends on the number of semiconductor diodes over which the output current is conducted. The more semiconductor diodes connected upstream of the output, the greater - as is known per se - the voltage drop ΔU at the active semiconductor diodes connected in series.

With the control device described is so with simple structural components, ins especially with a plurality of diodes, a sensitive speed or power control a drive device allows. The control device is robust and inexpensive buildable and yet offers good control behavior for electromotive drive devices obligations.

A possible layout for a control device 1 is illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5. It is expressly pointed out that this layout is only to be seen as an example and any other wiring for implementing the control device 1 is possible. In the preferred embodiment, the tapping contacts 64 to 73 - FIG. 2 - of the individual switching stages S1 to S11 are arranged in a circle around a common center point 82 . The tapping contacts 64 to 73 - FIG. 2 - represented by the switching stages S1 to S11 are formed by individual sliding contact surfaces 83 which run in a certain radius in an arc around the central center point 82 . The sliding contact surfaces 83 for the tapping contacts 64 to 73 or switching stages S1 to S11 on the left half of the control region are mirror images of the sliding contact surfaces 83 of the tapping contacts 64 to 73 or switching stages S1 to S11 for the right half of the control range of the control element 10 . The sliding contact surface 83 of the switching stage S1 on the left half of the control region (backward) is electrically conductively connected to the sliding contact surface 83 of the switching stage S1 on the right half of the control range (forward). The same applies to the further switching stages S2 to S10 of the left and right half of the control range of the control element 10, which is preferably designed as a rotary controller.

The root 46 of the first switching element 42 - Fig. 2 - and the outgoing contact 75 of the two th switching element 74 - Fig. 2 - are preferably also formed as sliding contact surfaces 83 , which are circular, in particular semicircular around the center point 82 and each via conductor tracks are led to exit 13 . From the output 13 upstream sliding contact surfaces 83 are arranged concentrically to the Schleifkon contact surfaces 83 of the individual switching stages S1 to S11.

Likewise, the correspondents 47 , 48 , which are also designed as sliding contact surfaces 83 , are arranged in a circular arc around the center point 82 of the rotary controller or the control element. An extension range or a rotation angle range of the sliding contact surfaces 83 , at which the fully rectified voltage can be tapped, is comparatively smaller than an extension range or a rotation angle range of the sliding contact surfaces 83 , at which one-way rectified voltage can be tapped.

The contact bridge 76 of the second switching element 74 can be seen in FIG. 4. In the contact bridge 76 shown in full lines, the control element assumes the first switching position S1 in the left half of the control range of the control element. Referring to the center point 82 is - as can be seen from Fig. 5 - diametrically opposite to this contact bridge 76 of the second switching element 74, the contact bridge 50 of the first switching element 42 is net angeord. Furthermore, it can be clearly seen in FIG. 5 that the contact bridge 50 shown in full lines in the switching position S1 transmits fully rectified voltage to the outgoing contact 75 and the voltage level present in the switching position S1 on the corresponding sliding contact 83 via the contact bridge 76 to the sliding contact surface 83 trained root 46 - Fig. 4 - is transmitted. It is clearly recognizable that the contact bridges 50, 76 outcross depending on the selected control area half or less, as has been illustrated by the embodiments shown in dashed lines contact bridges 50, 76 in Fig. 2.

This "crossing out" or the diametrical arrangement of the contact bridges 50 , 76 on the rotatably mounted control element means that the first switching element 42 and the second switching element 74 can additionally reverse the polarity of the DC voltage provided at the output 13 , so that a reversal of the direction of rotation the connected drive device takes place. The described arrangement of the Schleifkontaktflä Chen 83 and the contact bridges 50 , 76 so it is possible that both the direction of travel and the driving speed of the drive device of a toy vehicle to be controlled is adjustable or adjustable depending on the rotational angle position of the control element.

In a preferred embodiment, the contact bridge 50 and the contact bridge 75 are placed diametrically opposite on a bar-shaped or disc-shaped support element which is rotatably mounted about the center point 82 via the control element 10 . Due to the possible "transfer" of the first contact bridge 50 from the left half of the control range to the right half of the control range and the movement-coupled change of the second contact bridge 76 from the right half of the control range to the left half of the control range, a reversal of polarity of the driving voltage or of the output is thus also 13 DC voltage achieved in an effective manner.

The contact bridges 50 and 76 shown in dashed lines show the control element of the control device 1 in another, in particular in the sixth switch position S6.

Among others it is therefore essential in the control device 1 according to the invention that the switching elements 42 , 74 formed by switching or contact bridges 50 , 76 between individual sliding contact surfaces 83 in addition to the switchover between one-way rectification E and full path rectification V or in addition to the selector switch function for tapping different voltage levels also act as a polarity switch for the DC voltage transmitted to the output 13 .

Preferably, the two contact bridges 50 , 76 are motion-coupled to the control element, so that both the speed and the direction of movement can be set or regulated with the single control element.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the switching element 74 with its sliding contact surfaces 83 is arranged on the soldering side of a component carrier 84 or a so-called component board. The switching element 42 with its sliding contact surfaces 83 is formed on the component side of the component carrier 84 . By assigning or dividing the switching elements 42 , 74 to the top and bottom of the component carrier 84 , the control element enables a control range or angle of rotation 30 - FIG. 1 - of more than 180 °.

Of course, it is also possible to provide both the sliding contacts 83 for implementing the first switching element 42 and the sliding contact surfaces 83 for implementing the second switching element 74 on only one side of the component carrier 84 , the maximum control range then being limited to an angle of rotation 30 - FIG. 1 - of Is limited to 180 °.

In particular, from the layout according to FIG. 4 it can be clearly seen that individual tapping contacts 64 to 73 , in particular the contacts to the switching positions S3 and S6, are connected together to form a contact group. In particular, individual tapping contacts 64 to 73 (S1 to S10) from the area with one-way rectification E are electrically connected or combined with certain contacts from the control area with full-way rectification. This is of particular advantage in order to achieve a largely continuous or linear control characteristic for an electromotive drive device via the control element. Sudden changes in power or energy jumps during the transition from one-way rectification E to full-way rectification V can be effectively avoided.

Furthermore, it can be clearly seen that no electrical energy is transmitted to output 13 when switch position S11 is assumed. The control device 1 thus enables an approximately stepless speed setting or movement control from zero to the maximum speed for two opposite directions of movement.

Under the drive device of a toy, on the one hand, are conventional electric motors, to understand electromagnetic linear drives or other electrically operated actuators hen.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for better understanding of the structure of the control device 1, these or their components have been partially shown to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced.

The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be the Be be taken from the letter.

Above all, the individual versions shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 can form the subject of independent solutions according to the invention. The relevant tasks and solutions according to the invention can be found in the detailed descriptions of these figures.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

control device

2

Toy vehicle

3

driving device

4

electric motor

5

Modellfahrzeug

6

track

7

casing

8th

top

9

operating element

10

regulating element

11

initial position

12

arrow

13

output

14

attack

15

arrow

16

attack

17

emergency stop

18

display element

19

cable connection

20

rail

21

rail

22

transformer

23

Power supply

24

cable connection

25

entrance

26

receptacle

27

plug

28

plug

29

receptacle

30

angle of rotation

31

circuit

32

input contact

33

input contact

34

management

35

management

36

Bridge rectifier

37

output

38

output

39

smoother

40

capacitor

41

Semiconductor diode

42

switching element

43

switch

44

output contact

45

anode

46

root

47

corresponding

48

corresponding

49

Connection

50

Contact bridge

51

output contact

52

line

53

module

54

series circuit

55

Semiconductor diode

56

Semiconductor diode

57

Semiconductor diode

58

Semiconductor diode

59

Semiconductor diode

60

Semiconductor diode

61

Semiconductor diode

62

Semiconductor diode

63

Semiconductor diode

64

tapping contact

65

tapping contact

66

tapping contact

67

tapping contact

68

tapping contact

69

tapping contact

70

tapping contact

71

tapping contact

72

tapping contact

73

tapping contact

74

switching element

75

outgoing contact

76

Contact bridge

77

line

78

fuse element

79

diagram

80

AC

81

DC

82

center point

83

Sliding contact surface

84

component carrier

Claims (33)

1. Control device for electrically operated toys, with an operator-adjustable control element, at least for changing the speed of movement of a drive device for toys as required, and with at least one actuator coupled to the control element, characterized in that input contacts ( 32 , 33 ) of an input ( 25 ) for supplying electrical alternating voltage ( 80 ) with a bridge rectifier ( 36 ) for full-wave rectification and one of the two input contacts ( 32 or 33 ) is connected to a semiconductor diode ( 41 ) for one-way rectification and one with the control element ( 10 ) motion-coupled or from Rule organ ( 10 ) actuatable switching element ( 42 ) depending on the position of Regelorga nes ( 10 ) rectified or fully rectified electrical voltage directly or via an intermediate component ( 53 ) for voltage reduction to an output ang ( 13 ) for switching on an electrical consumer, for example an electric motor ( 4 ), forwards toys. 2. Control device according to claim 1, characterized in that the semiconductor terdiode ( 41 ) for one-way rectification is formed by a part or a bridge branch of the bridge rectifier ( 36 ). 3. Control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrical components are housed in an approximately palm-sized housing ( 7 ). 4. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the input ( 25 ) is formed by a plug socket ( 26 ) or by an input terminal for supplying electrical alternating voltage ( 80 ) from an external transformer ( 22 ). 5. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the external transformer ( 22 ) is formed by a plug-in power supply ( 23 ). 6. Control device according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a transformer for transforming the AC voltage of a public power supply network in protective extra-low voltage is arranged in the housing ( 7 ). 7. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component ( 53 ) for lowering the voltage is formed by semiconductor diodes ( 55 to 63 ). 8. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component ( 53 ) is formed by a series circuit ( 54 ) of a plurality of semiconductor diodes ( 55 to 63 ) applied to a first output ( 37 ) of the bridge rectifier ( 36 ). 9. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least between the individual series-connected semiconductor diodes ( 55 to 63 ) tapping contacts ( 64 to 73 ) are formed. 10. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the output ( 37 ) of the bridge rectifier ( 36 ) and / or at the output of the flow direction series of semiconductor diodes ( 55 to 63 ) tapping contacts ( 64 , 73 ) formed are. 11. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the tapping contacts ( 64 to 73 ), depending on the position of the control member ( 10 ) with a further switching element ( 74 ) clocks con. 12. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one tapping contact ( 64 to 73 ) in the operating mode with one-way rectification with at least one tapping contact ( 64 to 73 ) in the operating mode with full-wave rectification is electrically connected to one another to form a contact group. 13. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further switching element ( 74 ) with its tapping contacts ( 64 to 73 ) forms a multi-stage selector switch. 14. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two switching elements ( 42 , 74 ) are designed as contact bridges ( 50 , 76 ) or comprise two independent contact bridges ( 50 , 76 ). 15. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first switching element ( 42 ) and the second switching element ( 74 ) via the control member ( 10 ) are actuated simultaneously or the first and second contact bridge ( 50 , 76 ) together the control element ( 10 ) are arranged. 16. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tapping contacts ( 64 to 73 ) facing away from the con contact bridge ( 76 ) of the second switching element ( 74 ) depending on the position of the Regelor ganes ( 10 ) in a first or in a second half of the control range is connected to the first output contact ( 51 ) or to the second output contact ( 44 ) of the output ( 13 ). 17. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a root ( 46 ), that is to say the side of the contact bridge ( 50 ) of the first switching element ( 42 ) facing away from the semiconductor diode ( 41 ) and the bridge rectifier ( 46 ) Dependence of the position of the control element ( 10 ) in the first or in the second half of the control range is connected to the second output contact ( 44 ) or to the first output contact ( 51 ) of the output ( 13 ). 18. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first switching element ( 42 ) forms a changeover switch ( 43 ) between the semiconductor diode ( 41 ) for one-way rectification and the bridge rectifier ( 36 ) for full-wave rectification. 19. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control member ( 10 ) is designed as a rotary controller on an upper side ( 8 ) of the housing ( 7 ). 20. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that both the contact points, in particular two correspond de ( 47 , 48 ), and a root ( 46 ) or a connection ( 49 ) of the first switching element ( 42 ) and the tapping contacts ( 64 to 73 ) and an outgoing contact ( 75 ) of the second Schaltelemen tes ( 74 ) are arranged in a circular arc around a common center of rotation ( 82 ) of the control element ( 10 ). 21. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two output contacts ( 44 , 51 ) of the output ( 13 ) with a semicircular around the common center point ( 82 ) extending sliding contact surface ( 83 ) are connected. 22. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that all contact points of the first and the further Schaltele element ( 42 , 74 ) as on a component carrier ( 84 ) or a circuit board mounted Schleifkon contact surfaces ( 83 ) are formed. 23. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that both the direction and the speed of movement of a game, for example a toy vehicle, is adjustable or adjustable depending on the respective rotational angle position of the control member ( 10 ). 24. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first switching element ( 42 ) and the second switching element ( 74 ) the voltage applied at the output ( 13 ) depending on the position of the control element ( 10 ) in a first or second Reverse the polarity of part of the half within a maximum angle of rotation ( 30 ) of the control element ( 10 ). 25. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that both with the switching element ( 42 ) activated one-way rectification E and with the switching element ( 42 ) activated full-wave rectification device V from the switching element ( 74 ) or from its contact bridge ( 76 ) individual tapping contacts ( 64 to 73 ) of the component ( 53 ) are contacted for voltage reduction. 26. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tapping contacts ( 64 to 73 ) when changing between one-way rectification E and full-wave rectification V and vice versa are contacted by the second Schaltele element ( 74 ) that a linear as possible Sets the characteristic of the electrical power at the output ( 13 ) or a control behavior that is as linear as possible for an electromotive drive device ( 3 ) in relation to the respective rotational angle positions of the control element ( 10 ). 27. Control device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electrical fuse element ( 78 ) for protecting against overload or short circuit is arranged at least one of the two output contacts ( 44 , 51 ) of the output ( 13 ). 28. Control device according to claim 27, characterized in that the hedging element ( 78 ) is formed by a PTC thermistor, in particular by an automatically resetting PTC resistor. 29. Use of the control device according to one or more of the preceding claims for controlling at least one drive device ( 3 ) of a toy vehicle ( 2 ) or of a functional model. 30. Use of the control device according to one or more of the preceding claims for changing the movement speed and / or direction of movement of a drive device ( 3 ) of a toy vehicle ( 2 ) or a function model as required. 31. Use of the control device according to one or more of the preceding claims for changing the direction of rotation and rotational speed of a drive device ( 3 ) of a toy designed as an electric motor ( 4 ) as required. 32. Use of the control device according to one or more of the preceding the requirements for remote control of the driving speed and direction a model railway vehicle. 33. Use of the control device according to one or more of the preceding the claims for remote control of the speed of movement and / or Direction of movement of individual functional elements of functional models, such as. B. Models of cranes, railway construction machines, maintenance or maintenance machines or the like