DE102023100772B3 - System for producing a carrier substrate coated with a dry film - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for producing a carrier substrate coated with a dry film, with a first machine, through which a web-shaped carrier substrate can be coated on one or both sides with an active material in the form of a dry film, and with a second machine, through which the first machine exits obtained intermediate product or the dry film comprised by it can be further compressed, as well as with logistics through which the intermediate product obtained from the first machine can be conveyed from the first machine directly or via a storage location to the second machine. The invention also relates to a method for producing a carrier substrate coated with a dry film.

Description

The invention relates to a system for producing a carrier substrate coated with a dry film according to claim 1.

Through the DE 10 2017 208 220 A1 a device and a method for coating a carrier substrate are known, wherein a dry film is formed in a gap between a first and a second roller and, in one embodiment, is transferred to the carrier substrate in a gap with a further roller. The rollers are operated at a differential speed to form fibrils.

The US 2015/0224529 A1 discloses a device for coating an object to be coated with coating material, the coating material containing, among other things, 20 to 65% by volume of water. The layer is formed between a first and a second roller, the first roller having improved transfer properties, e.g. B. has a rougher surface and the rollers can be operated at different speeds.

In the WO 2020/150254 A1 A film is created by calendering a powder mixture and wound onto a roll to be fed as such to a further process in which it can be laminated onto a collector. In one embodiment, the powder mixture is placed on a belt and guided into the nip of two rollers.

The JP 57 72 427 B2 relates to a powder rolling device for producing an electrode material from powder. In one embodiment, powder is conveyed into a central area of a feed hopper by a central vibration conveyor and into the edge areas by two outer vibration conveyors. In another embodiment, the feed hopper includes five sections.

The WO 01/32312 A1 discloses a roller mill for grinding granular materials, in particular grain, with a feed device having an opening through which the grain can be dispensed into a grinder formed by two rollers. The feed device includes a vibration drive for generating a vibration movement of the feed device.

The US 2020/0227722 A1 relates to a device for coating a carrier substrate, in which in a first embodiment a self-supporting powder film is produced by a multi-roll calender and in a second embodiment a calender/laminator system, in which a film is calendered from powder in the nip of two rollers and this film in a subsequent one Nip is laminated onto the carrier substrate.

The EP 3 996 164 A1 relates to a method for processing an electrode strip obtained by previously applying active material using a calender and to such a calender. The electrode strip is processed using two calendering processes, of which the first calendering process between a first and a second roller serves to compact the electrode strip and the second between the second and a third roller essentially serves to compensate for non-uniformities in the thickness of the electrode strip. The line force in the second gap is smaller by a factor of 5, 7 or even 10 than in the first gap.

The invention is based on the object of creating a system for producing a carrier substrate coated with a dry film.

The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. The advantages that can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that the system can be used to reliably produce a coated carrier substrate with an active material layer that is as uniform as possible and/or has few defects.

By means of a system for producing a carrier substrate coated with a dry film, in particular an electrode strand or electrode units, with separate processes for coating on the one hand and for final compaction on the other, the respective operating parameters can be optimized independently of one another and/or susceptibility to failure can be reduced.

In the embodiment according to the invention, a system or a system of machines with at least one first machine, namely a machine for coating one or preferably both sides, in particular dry coating, of a preferably web-shaped carrier substrate with an active material, in particular in the form of a dry film, and with a second machine, namely a machine for compacting, in particular final compacting, the output of the first machine, and here z. B. also referred to as an intermediate product that is to be further compacted and possibly cut transversely, as well as e.g. B. with a logistics system provided between the two machines and the preliminary products conveyed directly or possibly via a storage area to the second machine.

A particularly preferred coating device for dry coating a carrier substrate with a powder composite film comprises at least one device with an applicator in the above-mentioned embodiment, through which powdered material can first be processed into a dry film using a pressing force and subsequently this dry film is applied to a first side of the carrier substrate, in particular can be applied as a powder composite film by pressing and/or using a contact pressure.

A preferred device for coating, in particular dry coating, a carrier substrate, in particular a web-shaped one, with an above-mentioned. Material layer, e.g. B. in the form of a dry film, in particular for coating with a powder composite film, comprises at least a first applicator through which a, in particular solvent-free and / or dry, powder mixture can first be processed into a dry film, in particular by pressing and / or using a pressing force and subsequently this dry film can be applied to a first side of the carrier substrate, in particular by pressing and/or using a contact pressure.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the machine, a dry film can be produced on both sides of the carrier substrate in the same machine.

In a first advantageous embodiment variant of an application stage, applicators with a respective laminating roller are provided on both sides of the substrate path, which form a two-sided application or laminating gap in a nip between their lateral surfaces. The two laminating rollers that form the gap between each other act as counter-pressure rollers. The carrier substrate passed between these laminating rollers can hereby be exposed to the dry films formed in the respective applicator on both sides.

In an advantageous embodiment variant for an application stage, a dry film can be produced on both sides of the carrier substrate in the same machine independently of the production of the other by a respective applicator. The z. B. by a device for coating, in particular dry coating, a web-shaped carrier substrate with a powder composite film, with at least one first applicator, through which a dry powder mixture can first be processed into a dry film and subsequently this dry film in an application or laminating gap between a laminating roller of the first applicator and a first counter-pressure roller can be applied to a first side of the carrier substrate, and wherein a second applicator is provided in the substrate path, through which a dry powder mixture can first be processed into a second dry film and applied to the other side of the carrier substrate, the second applicator comprises one of the first counter-pressure roller different second counter-pressure roller, which forms a second application or laminating gap with a laminating roller of the second applicator, in which the second dry film can be applied to a second side of a carrier substrate guided through the second laminating gap.

In addition to this or alternatively, in another particularly advantageous embodiment for the device for coating, in particular dry coating, a carrier substrate with a z. B. a material layer forming a powder composite film, with at least one first applicator, which comprises a first roller and a second roller, which form a first gap in the nip between their lateral surfaces, which serves for film formation, through which a dry powder mixture can be conveyed in order to form a first dry film, and with a first counter-pressure roller, which forms a second gap with the second roller or a further roller arranged between the second counter-pressure roller and the second roller, through which a carrier substrate to be coated can be guided and acted upon by the dry film formed in the first gap, the first gap can be adjusted between the first and second rollers based on a position-based actuator, i.e. H. adjustable to a constant and/or defined gap width, and the second gap between the counter-pressure roller and the second or a further roller of the first applicator in between can be adjusted on the basis of a force-based actuator, i.e. H. Can be adjusted to a constant and/or defined setting or line force.

A particularly preferred device for feeding powdery material into a nip, e.g. B. is formed on one side by an above-mentioned roller or by two different rollers, comprises a dispensing device having a vibration conveyor, through which powdery material to be conveyed into the nip can be dispensed on a dispensing width viewed parallel to the nip, downstream of the dispensing device and upstream of the roll gap in the conveying path of the powdery material, a conveyor device formed by a conveyor belt is provided, via which the roll gap or an insertion aid provided above it is provided directly or via one or more further conveyor devices on a transverse to the conveyor Powdery material can be fed directly or indirectly in the direction of the feed width.

Alternatively or in addition to this, a particularly preferred device for feeding powdery material into a roll nip comprises a dispensing device through which powdery material to be conveyed into the roll gap can be delivered to a conveyor device, wherein above the conveyor device in the conveying direction between the point of material supply to the conveyor device and a delivery point to a further conveyor device or in the nip or in an insertion aid provided above, a removal device is provided which extends horizontally over at least one conveyor width and is adjustable at a distance from the conveyor device.

Alternatively or in addition to one or more of the above. Embodiments, a particularly preferred device for feeding powdery material into a roll nip includes a powder feed device, from which powdery material can be fed to the roll gap or an insertion aid provided above it on a feed width running transversely to the conveying direction, the powdery material leaving the powder feed device downstream to the roll gap or the The insertion aid provided above can be fed via a fall path, and a sensor system with an impact element arranged in the fall path is provided on the fall path of the powder stream emerging from the powder feed device and to be fed to the nip or the insertion aid arranged above it, which is equipped with a sensor designed as a force transducer to record the force exerted on the impact element by the powder flow is operatively connected. Alternatively, a sensor system directed at the fall path of the powder stream emerging from the powder feed device and to be fed to the roll gap or the insertion aid arranged above it can be provided on the fall path.

In an advantageous development, a device for determining a density of a material layer conveyed on a lateral surface of the roller is provided, which comprises a removal device which is used to remove at least a part of the material layer at a point on the circumference of the roller on at least a part of a usable working width of the roller can be adjusted or turned on during rotation on the lateral surface, a weighing device on which at least a part of the removed material layer can be collected and through which its mass can be determined, and a measuring device via which a layer thickness of the material layer conveyed on the roller can be determined at at least one point is. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, a sensor system directed onto the lateral surface of the roller is also provided, through which a width of an edge strip to be removed or a course of the width or at least of the side edge can be determined.

To determine the density of the material layer conveyed on a lateral surface of a roller, in an advantageous development, the roller carrying the material layer on its lateral surface is rotated about its axis of rotation, at a point on the circumference between a receptacle and a downstream delivery of the material layer to another roller or to a carrier substrate, the material layer is removed from the lateral surface over at least part of its width during rotation by a removal device over an angular range, a mass of the part of the material layer removed over the angular range is determined via weighing, via a measuring device, preferably before removal, a layer thickness of the material layer is determined, an area of the material layer removed or to be removed in the angular range on the roller is determined and finally a value for the density of the material layer conveyed on the roller is obtained using the area, the mass and the layer thickness or their determined values. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the material layer is removed for this purpose only over part of the width as a strip of material, in particular as an edge strip.

A preferred coating device for coating a carrier substrate with a material layer with at least one applicator, through which powdered material can first be processed into a material layer using a pressing force and then this material layer can be applied to a first side of a carrier substrate, in particular by pressing and / or using a contact pressure, can be applied, wherein a first roller and a second roller of the applicator are arranged such that they form a first roller gap in the nip between their lateral surfaces, through which the powdery material can be conveyed to form the dry film, comprises a measuring arrangement, in particular in Kind of one of the above Device for determining a density, through which a density of the material layer conveyed on a lateral surface of the second or a further downstream roller of the applicator can be determined.

In an advantageous embodiment of such a coating device, the second roller forms or one which interacts directly with the second roller or indirectly via one or more further rollers and acts as a laminating roller Same roller in the nip between its outer surface with the outer surface of a roller acting as a counter-pressure roller creates a second gap through which the carrier substrate can be guided and thereby acted upon by the dry film formed over the first gap.

In an embodiment not belonging to the invention, one of the above. Machine comprising coating devices for coating a web-shaped carrier substrate on at least one of its sides with a dry film formed from a powder mixture, this machine comprises a substrate unwinder, through which the web-shaped carrier substrate can be fed to the machine on the input side, an application stage through which at least one dry film can be produced from the powder mixture at least one application gap passing through the carrier substrate can be applied to at least one side of the carrier substrate, a calendering unit with a calendering gap through which the carrier substrate provided with the dry film on at least one side can be passed as a product strand using pressure and / or elevated temperature, and one Roll winder, in which the carrier material provided with the dry film on at least one side can be wound up as a product strand on a roll. In particular, both in a first substrate path route located between the location of unwinding from the substrate roll in the substrate unwinder up to the entry into the single or first application gap of the application stage, as well as in a second, between the location of the exit of the carrier substrate web from the single or last downstream The application gap of the application stage and the entry into the calendering gap between the two calendering rollers are each provided with at least one positively driven pull roller and at least one measuring roller for determining a web tension

In a further development of such a machine, a one-part or multi-part pretreatment station is provided in the first substrate path section, through which the carrier substrate is or can be freed of surface contaminants and/or electrical charge carriers on one or both sides in a contactless or contacting process, and/or a Measuring station through which the material thickness of the carrier material can be checked for its strength and/or homogeneity in strength and/or for contamination.

In an embodiment not part of the invention, a calendering unit with two calendering rolls is provided in the second substrate path section downstream of the application stage, at least one of which is heatable and/or between which a pressure with an adjustable line force of e.g. B. at least 500 N/mm can be applied, and / or a cooling device through which a product strand passed through can be cooled.

This means, for example, B. inline production of the product is possible, which ensures particularly good adhesion and/or damage-free product delivery. The former takes place e.g. B. by additional heat and / or pressure treatment, second z. B. by temperature control, especially cooling before collecting in the container, especially the roll.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines herzustellenden Produktes;
• 2 eine Prinzipskizze für die Erzeugung und den Auftrag eine Trockenfilmes;
• 3 ein Beispiel für eine nicht von der beanspruchten Erfindung umfasste Maschine zur Herstellung eines mehrlagigen Produktes mit einem auf einem Trägersubstrat aufgebrachten Trockenfilm mit einer Auftragstufe gemäß einer Ausführung einer ersten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 4 eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Auftragstufe erster Ausführung aus 3;
• 5 eine alternative Ausführung einer Ausführung der ersten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 6 eine weitere alternative Ausführung der Ausführung einer ersten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 7 eine weitere alternative Ausführung der Ausführung einer ersten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 8 eine Prinzipskizze für eine Ausführung einer zweiten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 9 eine Prinzipskizze für eine weitere Ausführung einer zweiten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 10 ein Beispiel für eine nicht von der beanspruchten Erfindung umfasste Maschine zur Herstellung eines mehrlagigen Produktes mit einem auf einem Trägersubstrat aufgebrachten Trockenfilm mit einer Auftragstufe gemäß einer Ausführung der zweiten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 11 eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Auftragstufe aus 10 mit paarweise Kopplung zweier Walzen in einer ersten Ausgestaltung;
• 12 eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Auftragstufe aus 10 mit paarweise Kopplung zweier Walzen in einer zweiten Ausgestaltung;
• 13 eine Darstellung von schräg unten mit Abnahmeeinrichtungen;
• 14 eine Schrägansicht eines Produktabschnittes geringfügig seitlichem Primerüberstand;
• 15 ein weiteres Beispiel für eine nicht von der beanspruchten Erfindung umfasste Maschine zur Herstellung eines mehrlagigen Produktes mit einem auf einem Trägersubstrat aufgebrachten Trockenfilm mit einer Auftragstufe gemäß einer Ausführung der zweiten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 16 ein weiteres Beispiel für eine nicht von der beanspruchten Erfindung umfasste Maschine zur Herstellung eines mehrlagigen Produktes mit einem auf einem Trägersubstrat aufgebrachten Trockenfilm mit einer Auftragstufe gemäß einer Ausführung der zweiten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 17 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels für ein Auftragwerk, insbesondere Doppelauftragwerk, mit mehrteiligem Gestell;
• 18 eine Schnittdarstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels für ein Auftragwerk gemäß 17, insbesondere Doppelauftragwerk, mit mehrteiligem Gestell;
• 19 eine Schnittdarstellung durch ein Teilgestell eines mehrteiligen Gestells;
• 20 eine schematische Schnittdarstellung durch einen Lagerbereich eines Teilgestells;
• 21 eine Schnittdarstellung durch ein Teilgestell mit Anschlagmittel zur Begrenzung der Anstelllbewegung;
• 22 eine Prinzipskizze zweier Walzen mit zueinander geneigten Rotationsachsen;
• 23 eine Vorderansicht auf ein Teilgestell mit einer ein Verschwenken ermöglichenden Lagerung;
• 24 ein schematisch dargestelltes Auftragwerk mit einer ersten Ausführung einer Vorrichtung zur Zufuhr pulverförmigen Materials in den Walzenspalt;
• 25 ein schematisch dargestelltes Auftragwerk mit einer im Fallweg vorgesehenen Sensorik in einer ersten Ausführung;
• 26 ein schematisch dargestelltes Auftragwerk mit einer im Fallweg vorgesehenen Sensorik in einer zweiten Ausführung;
• 27 a) ein schematisch dargestelltes Auftragwerk mit einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung für die Vorrichtung zur Zufuhr pulverförmigen Materials in den Walzenspalt in Schrägansicht und b) in einer Detailansicht aus a);
• 28 eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Auftragwerks mit einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung für die Vorrichtung zur Zufuhr pulverförmigen Materials in den Walzenspalt;
• 29 ein schematisch in Schrägansicht dargestelltes Auftragwerk mit einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung für die Vorrichtung zur Zufuhr pulverförmigen Materials in den Walzenspalt;
• 30 in schematisch in Schrägansicht dargestelltes Auftragwerk mit einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung für die Vorrichtung zur Zufuhr pulverförmigen Materials in den Walzenspalt;
• 31 ein schematisch dargestelltes Auftragwerk mit einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung für die Vorrichtung zur Zufuhr pulverförmigen Materials in den Walzenspalt a) in seitlicher Ansicht und b) von oben;
• 32 eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels für eine Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Dichte einer auf einer Mantelfläche einer Walze geförderten Materialschicht.

Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of a product to be manufactured;
• 2 a basic sketch for the production and application of a dry film;
• 3 an example of a machine not covered by the claimed invention for producing a multi-layer product with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate with an application stage according to an embodiment of a first group of exemplary embodiments;
• 4 an enlarged view of the first execution order stage 3 ;
• 5 an alternative embodiment of an embodiment of the first group of embodiments;
• 6 a further alternative embodiment of the embodiment of a first group of embodiments;
• 7 a further alternative embodiment of the embodiment of a first group of embodiments;
• 8th a schematic sketch for an implementation of a second group of exemplary embodiments;
• 9 a schematic sketch for a further embodiment of a second group of exemplary embodiments;
• 10 an example of a machine not covered by the claimed invention for producing a multi-layer product with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate with an application stage according to an embodiment of the second group of exemplary embodiments;
• 11 an enlarged view of the order stage 10 with pairwise coupling of two rollers in a first embodiment;
• 12 an enlarged view of the order stage 10 with pairwise coupling of two rollers in a second embodiment;
• 13 a representation from diagonally below with removal devices;
• 14 an oblique view of a product section with a slight lateral primer protrusion;
• 15 a further example of a machine not covered by the claimed invention for producing a multi-layer product with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate with an application stage according to an embodiment of the second group of exemplary embodiments;
• 16 a further example of a machine not covered by the claimed invention for producing a multi-layer product with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate with an application stage according to an embodiment of the second group of exemplary embodiments;
• 17 a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of an applicator, in particular a double applicator, with a multi-part frame;
• 18 a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an applicator according to 17 , especially double-applied work, with a multi-part frame;
• 19 a sectional view through a partial frame of a multi-part frame;
• 20 a schematic sectional view through a storage area of a partial frame;
• 21 a sectional view through a partial frame with slinging means to limit the positioning movement;
• 22 a schematic sketch of two rollers with axes of rotation inclined to one another;
• 23 a front view of a partial frame with a bearing that enables pivoting;
• 24 a schematically illustrated applicator with a first embodiment of a device for supplying powdery material into the nip;
• 25 a schematically illustrated applicator with a sensor system provided in the fall path in a first embodiment;
• 26 a schematically shown applicator with a sensor system provided in the fall path in a second embodiment;
• 27 a) a schematically illustrated applicator with a further advantageous embodiment for the device for supplying powdery material into the nip in an oblique view and b) in a detailed view from a);
• 28 a schematic sectional view of an applicator with a further advantageous embodiment for the device for feeding powdery material into the nip;
• 29 an applicator, shown schematically in an oblique view, with a further advantageous embodiment for the device for supplying powdery material into the nip;
• 30 an applicator mechanism shown schematically in an oblique view with a further advantageous embodiment for the device for supplying powdery material into the nip;
• 31 a schematically illustrated applicator with a further advantageous embodiment for the device for feeding powdery material into the nip a) in a side view and b) from above;
• 32 a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a device for determining the density of a layer of material conveyed on a lateral surface of a roller.

The devices or machines described below involve the production of electrode units 001 electrochemical storage, as used in particular in batteries or accumulators, such as. B lithium-sulfur, sodium ions or in particular lithium-ion batteries, as well as in solid-state batteries, are used.

A product to be manufactured by a machine mentioned below 001; 002 can, for example, be replaced by something that is still to be cut, e.g. B. web-shaped intermediate product 002, e.g. B. a product strand 002 designed as an electrode strand 002, or by sheet-shaped end products 001 that have already been cut in the machine, e.g. B. formed as electrode units 001, electrodes 001 for short. Product sections 001 may be formed.

To produce such products 001; 002 with one on a carrier substrate 006, preferably a carrier substrate web 006, e.g. B. a current conductor substrate 006 formed by, for example, a current conductor film 006, material layer 003 applied on one or both sides; 003`, in particular active material layer 003; 003`, preferably up brings as dry film 003; 003` is now a device 100; 100* for coating, coating device 100 for short; 100*, in particular for dry coating, of a particularly web-shaped, e.g. B. the above-mentioned carrier substrate 006, with the above-mentioned material layer 003; 003`, preferably a dry film 003; 003', in particular a powder composite film 003, which comprises at least a first applicator 101 through which powdery, preferably dry, material 004; 004', in particular a preferably solvent-free and/or dry powder mixture 004; 004', can first be processed into a dry film 003, in particular by pressing and/or using a pressing force, and subsequently this dry film 003; 003' can be applied to a first side of the carrier substrate 006, in particular by pressing and / or using a contact pressure. A dry film to be applied 003; 003', for example, should have a thickness of 20 µm to 240 µm, preferably 40 µm to 100 µm, after application and pressing.

An above-mentioned powder mixture 004, in particular present as a dry powder; 004 'comprises - in particular for the production of electrode units 001 for lithium ion batteries or accumulators - for example over ninety percent by weight of an active material such as. B. one or more of the lithium compounds lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese oxide, nickel-rich lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide, lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminum oxide, lithium-cobalt oxide, lithium-manganese-nickel oxide and / or lithium titanate, a few, e.g . B. three percent by weight of a lead additive, e.g. B. graphite or so-called CNTs, i.e. H. multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and a few, e.g. B. two percent by weight of a plastic that acts as a binder in the later powder composite, e.g. B. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

The carrier substrate 006 represents z. B. at the same time represents the current-dissipating layer of the electrode unit 001 and is z. B. by film, fleece or fabric-like electrically conductive material, e.g. B. formed from a metal. It is Z. B. - in particular for the production of electrode units 001 for lithium-ion batteries or accumulators - made of aluminum or copper and / or, for example, has a thickness d006 of 5 to 16 μm. In the case of the production of an anode, it is in particular made of aluminum with z. B. a thickness d006 of, for example, in the range of 5 to 13 μm and in the case of producing a cathode, in particular made of aluminum with z. B. a thickness d006 in the range of 7 to 16 µm.

In a preferred embodiment, the carrier substrate 006 has at least the dry film 003; 003` surface area to be coated a superficial coating with a connection supporting or effecting agent 007; 007`, e.g. B. a binder 007; 007`, a primer 007; 007` or an adhesive 007; 007`, on. One such remedy 007; 007` can be formed by a thermoplastic or reactive binder or primer and e.g. B. include a thermoplastic component and / or a thickness d007 of only a few µm, e.g. B. have at most 5 µm, in particular at most 3 µm.

A thickness d003; d003' of the active material layer 003; 003' of product 001; 002, d. H. the electrode unit 001 or the electrode strand 002, is, for example, at most 240 µm, in particular at most 150 µm, preferably at most 100 µm and/or is, for example, at least 20 µm, in particular at least 30 µm, preferably at least 40 µm.

An overall strength of the z. B. product 001 coated on both sides; 002 amounts - if necessary after passing through a calendering process following the application or coating of the carrier substrate 006 with that of the dry film 003, 003` inline or in another machine - e.g. B. up to 500 µm, in particular up to 320 µm, preferably up to 220 µm and/or at least 50 µm, in particular at least 70 µm, preferably at least 90 µm. Here, a density ρ of the applied material 004, 004 z. B. greater than 3000 kg/m ³ , preferably at least 3500 kg/m ³ . A machine leaving the machine for pure coating, ie without subsequent calendering, here z. B. intermediate product 002, also referred to as a preliminary product, may possibly have a lower density ρ, but z. B. of at least 2000 kg/m ³ , preferably of at least 2500 kg/m ² , in particular of at least 2900 kg/m ³ . With only one-sided coating, the total thickness of the finished product, possibly further compacted by at least one calendering process, is 001; 002 e.g. B. up to 255 µm, in particular up to 165 µm, preferably up to 65 µm and/or at least 30 µm, in particular at least 40 µm, preferably at least 50 µm.

If sufficiently large forces are available during the coating process or simultaneously with the application of the dry film 003, 003 'or if such forces can be applied in the laminating gap, the above can be used. Values for the total thickness and/or the density ρ of the end product 001 or the z. B. intermediate product 002, which only needs to be cut transversely, can also be displayed without subsequent calendering following the coating process.

In order to ensure an effective manufacturing process, web-shaped carrier material 006 is preferably processed into the above-mentioned end or intermediate product, which e.g. B. has a width b006 of at least 300 mm, advantageously at least 500 mm, in particular at least 550 mm, or even 600 mm and more, in an advantageous embodiment even up to 1,200 mm. For example, the carrier material 006 is not covered with the dry film 003 over its entire width; 003 'coated, but only up to a free edge area in which the surface of the metallic conductive carrier material 006 is free and - e.g. B. for connection purposes with lines - remains accessible. Such a width b003 of the coating is e.g. B. to at least 200 mm, advantageously to at least 230 mm, or even to 300 mm and more.

For the above-mentioned production of a dry film 003, a first roller 102, in particular a metering roller 102, and a second roller 103, in particular a laminating roller 103 of the first applicator 101 are provided in such a way that they have a first gap 104, in particular a first film formation gap 104, in the nip between their lateral surfaces , form, through which the z. B. powder mixture 004 conveyed into the nip can be conveyed through a device for supplying powdery material 700, briefly powder supply device 700 (see, for example, powder mixture 004). 2 ). A clear width of the first gap 104 at its narrowest point determines the - if necessary compared to the thickness in the later product 001; 002 even greater - thickness of the dry film 003 before it passes an application point at which it is applied - in particular under pressure - to the carrier substrate 006.

The application point is here preferably directly by a nip of the second roller 103, in this case acting as a laminating roller 103, with a counter-pressure roller 106; 103' effective roller 106; 103 formed or by a roller which interacts directly with the second roller or indirectly via one or more further rollers and acts as a laminating roller with a roller as a counter-pressure roller 106; 103' effective roller 106; 103 (not shown here). The second or further roller that acts as a laminating roller 003 and that acts as a counter-pressure roller 106; 103 effective roller 106; 103 form a second gap 107, in particular an application gap 107, in the nip between their lateral surfaces, hereinafter z. B. also referred to as a laminating gap 107, through which the carrier substrate 006 can be guided and, in particular, from the counter-pressure roller 106; 103 opposite side, with the over the first film formation gap 104 formed, z. B. at least 40 µm thick, e.g. B. between 50 µm to 200 µm, in particular 60 to 120 µm thick dry film 003 can be acted upon.

The order level 100; In a preferred embodiment, 100* includes a second applicator 101' (see, for example, 3 until 13 ), through which also a, in particular solvent-free and / or dry, e.g. B. by a second device for supplying powdery material 700 ', powder feed device 700 ' for short, powder mixture 004 ' first conveyed into the nip, in particular by pressing and / or using a pressing force, to form a second dry film 003 '; 003 can be processed and subsequently this second dry film 003 '; 003 can be applied to the other, second side of the carrier substrate 006, in particular by pressing and / or using a contact pressure. In principle, this can be the same or a different powder mixture 004' from the first powder mixture 004'.

Also in the second applicator 101', a first roller 102', in particular metering roller 102', and a second roller 103', in particular laminating roller 103', are preferably provided in such a way that they have a first gap 104', in particular second film formation gap, in the nip between their lateral surfaces Form 104', through which the powder mixture 004' can be conveyed to form the second dry film 003'.

Here too, the second roller 003 'of the second applicator 101' can create a gap 107 in the nip between its lateral surfaces, directly or indirectly via one or more other rollers and acting as a laminating roller (not shown here). '; Gap 107 with a counter-pressure roller 106 '; 103 effective, roller 106 '; 103 form, through which the carrier substrate 006 can be guided and, in particular, from the second counter-pressure roller 106 '; 103 facing away from the second side, with the second film formation gap 104 '; 104 formed second dry film 003 'can be acted upon.

In a first group of exemplary embodiments for the coating device 100 (see e.g. 3 until 7 ) is a second gap 107' through a second application gap 107' which is different from the first application or laminating gap 107', e.g. B. laminating gap 107 ', with a second, in particular a second counter-pressure roller 106' which acts as a counter-pressure roller 106 and is different from the first counter-pressure roller 106, through which the carrier substrate 006 can be guided and, in particular, from the second counter-pressure roller 106' second side facing away, can be acted upon by the second dry film 003' formed via the second film formation gap 104'. In this version there are two independent application units 101; 101` is provided for the two sides of the carrier substrate 106. It is therefore possible in the relevant laminating gap 107; 107' independently sets different conditions for the respective order. This is z. B. a different pressing or line force and/or temperature can be adjusted if necessary.

For such an embodiment - e.g. B. with regard to a large wrap - in the respective applicator 101; 101' the metering roller 102; 102, the laminating roller 103; 103` and the latter with the laminating gap 107; 107 'forming counter-pressure roller 106; 106 'in a first embodiment variant can be arranged relative to one another in such a way that the axes of rotation R102; R103; R106; R102';R103' of the adjacent rollers 102; 103; 106; 102';103'; 106 'connecting planes intersect at an angle α, which z. B. between 40° and 130°, in particular between 70° and 110°, preferably between 80° and 100°. A large wrap can ensure better heat transfer from a possibly temperature-controlled counter-pressure roller 106; 106` and/or an improved -z. B. require flutter-free opening and closing (see e.g. 3 until 5 ).

So the respective counter-pressure roller 106; 106` e.g. B. below the laminating roller 103; 103 'be arranged so that the rotation axes R103; R106; R103' of the two rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' connecting plane deviates from the vertical by a maximum of ± 30°, in particular a maximum of ± 15°. The pressing force in the laminating gap and gravity predominantly act in the same direction.

In a second - e.g. B. advantageous in terms of the effective forces and load directions - embodiment variants are in the respective applicator 101; 101' the metering roller 102; 102, the laminating roller 103; 103' and the latter with the laminating gap 107; 107 'forming counter-pressure roller 106; 106` e.g. B. arranged in such a way that the axes of rotation R102; R103; R106; R102`; R103 'of the pairs of adjacent rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106' connecting planes intersect at most at an acute angle α, which is a maximum of 20° degrees, in particular at 0°, so that the axes of rotation R102; R103; R106; R102`; R103' of the three rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106` of the same commissioned work 101; 101' lie on the same level. The arrangement is therefore very rigid, since the forces and counterforces are at least predominantly directed in opposite directions.

The two commissioned works 101 lie there; 101` with their laminating rollers 103; 103' on different sides of the substrate path and can be arranged one above the other in such a way that the two laminating gaps 107; 107' in one embodiment lie vertically directly one above the other (see e.g. 6 ) or in another embodiment horizontally, in particular by at least half and at most one and a half laminating roller diameter, are offset from one another (see e.g. 7 ). Based 7 is e.g. B. also a substrate guide that can be transferred to other versions is indicated as an example by a dashed line, through which a larger wrap angle and thus better heat transfer and / or more stable run-up can be achieved. For this purpose, the substrate path is or is deflected by an additional substrate guide element 121 in such a way that the transport direction Ts when hitting the following roller 106; 106` is inclined by at least 45° to the transport direction Ts of the outgoing substrate 006.

In addition to the metering roller 102; 102', the second roller 103; 103' or a roller that interacts with the second roller directly or indirectly via one or more further rollers and acts as a laminating roller can, in an advantageous further development, be a further roller 118; 118' (see, for example, all examples of the first group in 5 ) be provided, which in an operational manner, ie during production operation, the dry film 003; 003' leading peripheral section between metering gap 104; 104` and laminating gap 107; 107' of the laminating roller 103; 103' in the manner of a calender roll 118; 118' to one on the laminating roller 103; 103' feeding or guided dry film 003; 003` can be set.

For the above Designs, design variants and shapes can be used in a first configuration for roller storage, the laminating roller 103; 103' of the respective commissioned work 101; 101' with its axis of rotation R103; R103' is operationally stationary, although its position can be adjusted if necessary, and the metering roller 102; 102' and the counter-pressure roller 106; 106' via respective actuators 109; 109'; 111; 111' each in a direction with at least one movement component to the associated laminating roller 103; 103' can be mounted to be adjustable back and/or away from this. Here and below the concept of an actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' the entirety of the direct or indirect positioning of a roller 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106` to be understood as the means that accomplish and/or enable, which are also referred to below as adjusting means 109; 109'; 111; 111' are designated and at least one is the roller 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106 'along an adjusting movement leading actuating mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and one or more drive means 132 which effect the positioning; 132'; 133; 133' includes.

For setting the respective metering roller 102; 102' to the second roller 103; In a first embodiment, 103' is a position-based Stellan drove 109; 109' or adjusting means 109; 109' is provided for position-based adjustment, ie an actuator 109; 109' or adjusting means 109; 109 ', via which a defined position for the component to be placed can be approached. Such a position-based actuator 109; 109' can e.g. B. be realized by a drive means, e.g. B. drive motor, itself can assume a defined and predeterminable position, as is possible, for example, for a position-controllable servo drive or motor, or in that an adjustment path is limited at least to the relevant side by stop means 119 which can be adjusted via adjusting means 146 and which the End position is defined and against which the component to be placed in terms of position is defined by means of a z. B. force-based or non-positional drive means is provided or can be adjusted. The roller is 102; 102', for example in or on an adjusting mechanism 112; 112';113; 113 'stored, which has the travel z. B. position-accurate bearing mechanism 112; 112';113;113' is formed. Such is the case - especially for small travel distances with large forces - e.g. B. advantageously by a bearing 113 comprising an eccentric; 113', e.g. B. a three-ring bearing 113; 113' given. With regard to e.g. B. in a position that is parallel to the direction of adjustment and therefore more direct in terms of the adjustment path, a linear bearing 112 running in the direction of adjustment can instead be used; 112` can be an advantage.

For setting the respective counter-pressure roller 106; In this first, advantageous embodiment, 106' is a force-based actuator 111; 111 or are adjusting means 111; 111' is intended for force-based positioning, i.e. H. an actuator 111; 111 'or adjusting means 111, via which an adjustment with a defined force on the abutment can be achieved. Such - in particular at least one-sided - force-based actuator 111; 111' can e.g. B. be realized by a drive means, e.g. B. a drive motor, itself can apply a defined and predeterminable force, as is possible, for example, for a torque-adjustable or -controllable, in particular torque-adjustable or -controllable servo drive or motor, or in that an actuating force is applied to the relevant side by a means a drive means that can be actuated by pressure medium, e.g. B. by a pneumatically or hydraulically operated cylinder-piston system, against the other roller 103; 103 'can be adjusted, the pressure of the drive means preferably being adjustable. The counter-pressure roller 106; 106 'is, for example, in or on an adjusting mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113 'mounted, which is based on the actuating force, i.e. H. without additional mechanical limitation of the travel, implementing bearing mechanism 112; 112' is formed. As such, e.g. B. - at least on one side, but preferably on both sides - by a linear bearing 112; 112' trained bearing mechanism 112; 112' can be advantageously formed.

In a second embodiment, however, the metering roller 102; 102' force-based and the counter-pressure roller 106; 106 can be position-based adjustable. This is what the above is for. to be transferred and applied in the respective correspondence.

In a third embodiment, however, both rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106 force-based and in a fourth embodiment both rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106 can be position-based adjustable. This is what the above is for. to be transferred and applied in the respective correspondence.

In a particularly advantageous fifth embodiment, at least the metering roller 102; 102' and/or at least for setting the counter-pressure roller 106; 106` a combined actuating mechanism 112; 113; 112'; 113' and/or a combined actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' or combined adjusting means 109; 109'; 111; 111 'provided, which or which optionally position-based positioning of the relevant roller 102; 102'; 106; 106' or a force-based position is permitted. Such a combined actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' can be actuated, for example, by an actuator 109, 111; 109', 111' or adjusting means 109, 111; 109', 111' with a force-controllable drive means 133; 133', e.g. B. a cylinder-piston system 133 that can be pressurized with fluid; 133', and with an adjusting mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' can be formed, in the positioning path of which one or more stop means 119, which can be positioned via adjusting means 146, can be inserted to limit the position. Alternatively or in addition to this, an actuator 109, 111; 109 ', 111' be advantageous as drive means 132, 133; 132', 133' a motor 132 which can be operated either in a position-controlled or -controlled or torque-controlled or -controlled manner; 132'; 133; 133 ', in particular servo motor.

In a second configuration for roller storage, the counter-pressure roller 106; 106` of the respective commissioned work 101; 101' with its axis of rotation R106; R106' is operationally stationary, although adjustable if necessary, and the laminating rollers 103; 103 'with each assigned metering roller 102; 102' via respective common bearing mechanisms 112; 112' and/or actuators 111; 111' in pairs in a direction with at least one movement component to the associated counter-pressure roller 106; 106' back and/or away, and in addition to this the respective metering rollers 102; 102' via bearing mechanisms 112; 112';113;113' and/or actuators 109; 109';111;111' in a direction with at least one movement component to the respectively assigned laminating roller 103; 103' can be mounted to and/or away from this.

In a first, advantageous embodiment, the respective metering roller 102; 102' for this purpose is a position-based actuator 109 in the above sense; 109', e.g. B. on one or both sides by a three-ring bearing 113; 113` or by a linear bearing 112; 112' formed bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113` should be provided. For placing the laminating rollers 103 in pairs; 103 'with each assigned metering roller 102; 102` can be a force-based actuator 111; 111 be provided in the above sense.

In a second embodiment, however, the metering roller 102; 102' force-based and the pair of rollers 103, 102; 103 ', 102 can be position-based adjustable. This is what the above is for. to be transferred and applied in the respective correspondence.

In a third embodiment, however, the metering roller 102; 102` and the pair of rollers 103, 102; 103 ', 102 force-based and in a fourth embodiment the metering roller 102; 102' and the pair of rollers 103, 102; 103 ', 102 can be position-based adjustable. This is what the above is for. to be transferred and applied in the respective correspondence.

In a particularly advantageous fifth embodiment, at least the metering roller 102; 102' and/or at least for positioning the pair of rollers 103, 102; 103', 102 in the above sense and/or in the above embodiment a combined adjusting mechanism 112; 113; 112, 113 provided, which either position-based or force-based positioning of the pair towards the counter-pressure roller 106; 106'; 103'; 103 allowed.

In a second group of exemplary embodiments for the coating device 100* (see, for example, shown in 8th until 12 , 15 , 16 , 28 and 29 ) form the second roller 003 'of the second applicator 101' or a roller of the second applicator 101' that interacts directly with the second roller 103' directly or indirectly via one or more further rollers with the second or further roller 103 of the first applicator, which acts as a laminating roller 103 101 in a nip between their lateral surfaces a common gap 107 which acts as a two-sided laminating gap 107, the two laminating rollers 103; forming the gap 107 between them; 103' each other as counter-pressure rollers 103'; 103 are effective. The carrier substrate 006 can be guided between the latter and, in particular on both sides, with the first and second film formation gaps 104; 104' formed dry films 003', 003` can be acted upon. Such an arrangement of two applicators 101 that work together for simultaneous application on both sides; 101' is also referred to below as double application unit 101, 101'.

In doing so, they intersect through those in the respective application unit 101; 101` through the rotation axes R102; R103; R102`; R103` of the metering roller 102; 102' and the laminating roller 103; 103 'formed levels z. B. at most at an acute angle α, which z. B. is a maximum of 20°, advantageously a maximum of 5°, in particular 0°, so that in the latter case the rotation axes R102; R103; R106; R102`; R103' of rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106' of the two applicators 101 working together in a two-sided laminating gap 107; 101` lie in the same plane or run parallel but vertically offset from one another.

In a first embodiment variant, the two planes run in a common horizontal plane or horizontally, but vertically offset from one another (see, for example, 9 ).

In a second, e.g. B. in terms of a small wrap advantageous embodiment variant, the two planes run in a common plane inclined to the horizontal or in two planes inclined to the horizontal but vertically offset from one another. The common level or the two offset levels are z. B. inclined to the horizontal by an acute angle β of 2° to 15°, in particular 3° to 10° (see e.g. 9 ).

In addition to the respective metering roller 102; 102' and the second roller 103; 103', in an advantageous further development, a further roller 118; 118' in the above-mentioned manner of a calender roll 118; 118' can be provided (see, for example, dashed lines for all versions of the second group). 8th and 9 ).

For the above-mentioned embodiment variants and shapes, in a first configuration for the roller storage, a first of the two laminating rollers 103 or a further roller acting as a laminating roller of a first of the two applicators 101 can be stored with its axis of rotation R103 in an operationally fixed position, although possibly adjustable, while the second of the laminating rollers 103' or a further roller acting as a second laminating roller with the associated metering roller 102; 102' via a common bearing mechanism 112; 112' and/or a common actuator 109; 109';111;111' in pairs in a direction with at least one movement component to the associated counter-pressure roller 106; 106' to and/or away from this, and in addition to this the respective metering rollers 102; 102' via bearing mechanisms 112; 112';113; 113` and/or actuators 109; 109`; 111; 111'in a direction with at least one movement component to the respectively assigned laminating roller 103; 103 'or another roller and/or away from it are mounted. In the case of one or more additional rollers between the metering roller 102; 102 'and the roller acting as a laminating roller are z. B. also this via the common bearing mechanism 112; 112' and/or the common actuator 109; 109';111;111' together in a direction with at least one movement component to the associated counter-pressure roller 106; 106' can be adjusted back and/or away from this.

For setting the respective metering roller 102; In a first, advantageous embodiment, 102' is a position-based actuator 109 in the above sense; 109' in the above sense and/or in one of the above. Execution provided. For the pairwise positioning of the second laminating roller 103' with the associated metering roller 102', a force-based actuator 111; 111 for force-based positioning in the above sense and/or in an above-mentioned manner. Execution must be provided.

In a second embodiment, however, the metering roller 102; 102' force-based and the pair of rollers 103, 102; 103 ', 102 can be position-based adjustable. The above is also applicable for this. to be transferred and applied in the respective correspondence.

In a third embodiment, however, both rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106 force-based and in a fourth embodiment both rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106 can be position-based adjustable. This is what the above is for. to be transferred and applied in the respective correspondence.

In a particularly advantageous fifth embodiment, at least the metering roller 102; 102' and/or at least for positioning the pair of rollers 103, 102; 103', 102 in the above sense and/or in the above embodiment a combined adjusting mechanism 112; 113; 112; 113 is provided, which optionally allows position-based positioning of the pair against the counter-pressure roller 103'; 103 effective laminating roller 103`; 103 via a position-based actuator 109; 109' and force-based positioning via a force-based actuator 111; 111' allowed.

For all versions of the two groups of exemplary embodiments with jointly adjustable rollers 103 '; 102'; 103; 102, these can be mounted on both sides in supports 122'; 122, in particular in side parts of a base frame, which in turn are supported by linear bearings 112 '; 112 formed bearing mechanisms 112'; 112 in one the commissioned works 101; 101 'receiving frame are stored.

Alternatively, the two jointly adjustable rollers 102; 103; 102; 102 'can be mounted on both sides in supports, in particular in side parts of a base frame, which in turn are mounted around a laminating roller 103; 103` parallel pivot axis are pivotably mounted (e.g. 12 ).

As already mentioned, in a respective commissioned work 101; 101' between the second roller 103; 103' and the nip point to the counter-pressure roller 106; 103 'at least one further, acting as a laminating roller and with the counter-pressure roller 106; 103' the laminating gap 107; 107 'forming roller can be provided.

For all versions of the two groups of exemplary embodiments, in a particularly advantageous development in the respective application unit 101; 101' a material removal 127; 127' with z. B. one for cleaning purposes either on the outer surface of the first roller 102; 102' removal device 114 that can be turned on and off; 114', in particular cleaning squeegee 114; 114' provided. This is enough for e.g. B. at least over the width of the roller surface that is effective for film formation.

Instead or advantageously in addition to this, the material removal 127 includes; 127' in the respective application work 101; 101' axially parallel to the second roller 103; 103 'viewed at a distance from one another, two axially parallel adjustable rollers 103; 103' employed or employable acceptance devices 116; 116', in particular side edge squeegee 116; 116 ', through which one over the second roller 103; 103' funded dry film 003; 003` removable in the area of its side edges and e.g. B. in a collecting device 117; 117` can be given. This decrease serves, for example, as a so-called edge trimming to obtain a straight edge and/or a desired width b003; b003' of dry film 003; 003. The collected amount can e.g. B. back into the feed of the powder mixture 004; 004' can be returned. Such a removal device 116; 116' can also be used to remove an edge strip 008; 008 'serve, which z. B. when determining a density ρ of the material layer 003; 003` can be used, as shown below in connection with e.g. B. the 27 is set out.

For cleaning purposes, one can also advantageously be attached to the lateral surface of the second roller 103; 103' removal device 129 that can be switched on and off; 129', in particular cleaning squeegee 129; 129 'can be provided, which z. B. extends at least over the width of the roller surface that is effective for film formation, and possibly a suction or collecting device, not shown.

For the supply or introduction of the powder mixture 004; 004' into the first gap 004; 004 are in a particularly advantageous further development in the application unit 101; 101' above the first column 104; 104' two axially parallel to the first roller 102; 102 'spaced apart and adjustable in the axially parallel direction boundaries 124, in particular side plates 124, are provided, which each have an area between the lateral surfaces of the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103 'formed upper gusset on both end faces of the applicator 101; 101 'off and thereby an intermediate, preferably variable in width filling and / or storage space 126 for receiving the powder mixture 004; 004' train. Depending on the desired width and/or position of the dry film 003; 003', the filling and/or storage space 126 can thereby be varied or can be varied in the position of its lateral boundary 124 on at least one, preferably on both sides. As an alternative to a filling and/or storage space 126 that is delimited in the lower area directly by the lateral surfaces, at least where it does not contradict other design features of the applicator 101; 101' or the powder feed 700; 700' - basically also a filling and/or storage space 126 in the form of a filling or storage funnel, e.g. B. comparable to an insertion aid mentioned below can be provided directly in or above the gusset.

For all of the above Versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements are the bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and/or the actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' of the first roller 102; 102 is preferably designed such that a gap width for the first gap 104; 104' is operationally adjustable to a variable clear width at the narrowest point of at least 15 μm, advantageously at least 30 μm, in particular at least 50 μm, and/or that the gap width of the first gap 104; 104' at least above the above. Position-based drive means and / or via at least one-sided stop means 119 which limit an adjustment position in the direction of the nip point and whose position can be adjusted. Alternatively or additionally, the bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and/or the actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' is advantageously designed in the first gap 104; 104' has a line force of z. at least in the area of its width which contributes to film formation. B. at least 500 N/mm, advantageously at least 700 N/mm, preferably a line force between 500 N/mm and 3000 N/mm, between the first gap 104; 104' forming rollers 102; 102'; 102; 103' to adjust and/or apply.

As mentioned above, for setting the metering roller 102; 102' to the second roller 103; 103' a combined actuating mechanism 112; 113; 112; 113 may be provided, which optionally provides position-based adjustment via a position-based actuator 109; 109' and force-based positioning via a force-based actuator 111; 111' allowed.

For all of the above Versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements and e.g. B. regardless of the above. Implementation of the coating device 100; 100* with individual discharge units 101; 101' with respective counter-pressure rollers 106; 106 or with combined discharge units 101; 101' with mutually effective counter-pressure rollers 103'; In a particularly advantageous embodiment, 103 is the metering gap 104; 104' between first and second rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103 'based on a position-based actuator 109 in the above sense; 109' adjustable, for example adjustable to a constant and/or defined gap width, and/or the laminating gap 107; 107' between the second roller 103; 103' and the counter-pressure roller 106; 106; 103'; 103 based on a force-based actuator 111; 111' can be adjusted in the above sense, for example adjustable to a constant and/or defined setting or line force. Without limiting the above. In special exemplary embodiments, any of the two at the relevant gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' involved rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' through the corresponding actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111 'adjustable and/or on corresponding adjusting mechanisms 112 in the above sense; 112'; 113; 113 'be stored. This also applies to versions in which one of the relevant gaps 104; 104'; 107; 107' involved rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106` together with another, at this gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' not involved roller 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' is mounted together in such an adjustable manner.

Also e.g. B. regardless of the above-mentioned implementation of the coating device 100; 100* with individual discharge units 101; 101' with respective counter-pressure rollers 106; 106 or with combined discharge units 101; 101' with mutually effective counter-pressure rollers 103'; 103 is the metering gap 104 in a particularly advantageous embodiment in terms of optimal adjustability; 104' between first and second rollers 102; 102';103; 103` of the same commissioned work 101; 101' and/or the laminating gap 107; 107' between the second roller 103; 103' and the cooperating counter-pressure roller 106; 106; 103'; 103 - for example, not only based on position or force, but - based on a combined actuator 109; 109`; 111; 111' is designed to be adjustable either position-based or force-based and/or one of the gaps 104 in question; 104';107;107' involved rollers 102; 102';103;103';106;106' in a combined actuating mechanism 112; 113; 112; 113 optional positions based or force-based and/or the relevant gap 104; 104';107;107' can be set either to a constant and/or defined gap width or to a constant and/or defined setting or line force. Here too, without limiting the above-mentioned special exemplary embodiments, in principle any of the two at the relevant gap 104; 104';107;107' involved rollers 102; 102';103;103';106;106' by the corresponding combined actuator 109; 109';111;111' can be adjusted in this way and/or on combined adjusting mechanisms 112 corresponding to the above sense; 112';113;113' must be stored accordingly. This also applies to versions in which one of the relevant gaps 104; 104';107;107' involved rollers 102; 102';103;103';106; 106` together with another, at this gap 104; 104';107;107' not involved roller 102; 102';103;103';106;106' is stored together in such an adjustable manner.

The first roller 102; 102' via a bearing mechanism 113; 113`; 112; 112' and/or a z. B. position-based or force-based or optionally position- or force-based actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' in a direction with at least one movement component to the respectively assigned second roller 103; 103' can be mounted to and/or away from this. Additionally or instead, the counter-pressure roller 106; 106'; 103'; 103 via a bearing mechanism 113; 113`; 112; 112' and/or a z. B. position-based or force-based or optionally position- or force-based actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' in a direction with at least one movement component to the second or an intermediate further roller 103; 103' can be mounted to and/or away from this.

Alternatively, the first roller 103; 103' with associated second roller 102; 102' via a common bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113` and/or a common e.g. B. position-based or force-based or optionally position- or force-based actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' in pairs in a direction with at least one movement component to the associated counter-pressure roller 106; 106 'be mounted to be movable back and / or away, and in addition to this the respective first roller 102; 102' via a bearing mechanism 113; 113`; 112; 112' and/or a z. B. position-based or force-based or optionally position- or force-based actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' in a direction with at least one movement component to the respectively assigned second roller 103; 103' is mounted to be adjustable back and/or away from this.

For all of the above Versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements are the first roller 102; 102' and with this the first gap 104; 104 'forming second roller 103, 103' operationally in opposite directions and with different circumferential speeds and / or by different drive motors 147; 148, in particular at least speed-adjustable or controllable servo motors, which can be driven or driven mechanically independently of one another

The first roller is 102; 102' operated at a lower speed, with the first roller 102; 102', in particular metering roller 102; 102', and the associated second roller 103; 103', in particular laminating roller 103; 103', operationally e.g. B. in a ratio V102 (102 '): V103 (103 ') of their peripheral speed of the first to the second roller 102, 102 '; 103; 103 'can be operated or operated, which is in a range between 1: 5 to 3: 5, in particular 1: 4.

The second gap 107; 107' forming rollers 103; 106; 103; 103' are preferably operationally drivable or driven mechanically independently of one another at the same peripheral speed by a common drive motor 148, in particular a servo motor, or preferably by different drive motors 148, in particular servo motors 148.

The mechanically independent drive motors 147; In an advantageous embodiment, 148 can be operated from a drive control via an electronic, in particular virtual, master axis.

A further development is particularly advantageous, in which the first roller 102; 102 'in the area of its lateral surface that contributes to film formation has a surface that is more material-repellent with regard to the powder mixture and/or has a less adhesively effective lateral surface than the second roller 103; 103 'in the area of its lateral surface that contributes to film formation.

At least the second roller 102; 102'; 103; 103' can have a polished and/or chrome-coated or ceramic-coated surface, at least in the area of its lateral surface that contributes to film formation. The first roller 102; 102' can have a structured or material-repellent surface, at least in the area of its lateral surface that contributes to film formation.

For all of the above versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements, the first and/or the second roller 102; 102; 103; 103 'can be tempered, in particular heated, preferably in such a way that its lateral surface at an ambient temperature of 25°C to at least 80°C, advantageously to at least 100°C, preferably to at least 120°C.

Instead or preferably in addition to this, it is also only used as a counter-pressure roller 106; 106'; 103; 103 effective roller 106; 106 'of the first group of exemplary embodiments can be tempered, in particular heated, preferably in such a way that its lateral surface can be heated to at least 80 ° C, advantageously to at least 100 ° C, preferably to at least 120 ° C, at an ambient temperature of 25 ° C.

The temperature control or heating can in principle be carried out electrically, but here in an advantageous embodiment it is carried out by passing a temperature control or heating fluid through the roller 102; 102'; 103, 103'; 106; 106` realized. The roller 102 to be tempered; 102'; 103, 103'; 106; 106` the temperature control fluid, e.g. B. appropriately tempered water, via a tempering fluid line 134 and z. B. a rotary feedthrough in the relevant roller 102; 102'; 103, 103'; 106; 106` in and out of this.

For all of the above Versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements are the two application works 101; 101 ', together with one or more substrate guide elements 121, possibly arranged directly before, after or between them, in a common or possibly multi-part frame 128, e.g. B. two front frame walls 131 of the same or possibly multi-part frame 128, stored. In the case of a common frame 128 with one-piece frame walls 131, a particularly rigid arrangement of the applicators 101; 101' in one as aggregate 100; 100*, e.g. B. laminating unit 100; 100* trained laminating unit 100; 100* available.

In the event that a z. B. calendering unit 600 described below; 600* should be provided, can be provided by the calendering unit 600; 600* included rollers 601; 601'; 602; 602* in an advantageous development also in this frame 603 or in a variant z. B. as a separate unit 600; 600*, e.g. B. Calendering unit 600; 600*, in side walls of a directly on and/or above which the applicators 101; 101 'bearing frame 128 arranged own frame 603 can be stored.

In a z. Am 15 and 16 with the advantageous embodiment of the machine shown, which may be somewhat longer, but in which, for example, there is a risk of vibration transmission between the units 100; 100*; 600; 600*, in particular at least the laminating unit 100; 100* and a possibly provided calendering unit 600; 600*, reduced, are laminating unit 100; 100* and calendering unit 600 horizontally next to each other, preferably in their own, e.g. B. vibration-related frames 128; 603, provided.

A z. Am 15 and 16 Calendering unit 600 shown; 600* or after applying the dry film 003; 003* However, additional calendering downstream is not mandatory and can be completely omitted in the inventive design of the machine for coating. In the latter case, calendering can then be omitted entirely or, according to the invention, in a separate process and a separate, e.g. B. second machine carried out or can be carried out. The second machine includes z. B. a substrate unwinder on the input side, from which the web-shaped intermediate product 002 can be unwound and guided along a substrate path through at least one calendering unit 600 to a roll winder on the output side or via a cross-cutting device to a display.

Basically independent of, but advantageously in conjunction with, one of the above-mentioned versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or designs of the applicator works 101; 101' and/or coating devices 100; 100* and/or machine configurations is the frame 128 of the coating device 100; 100* in a particularly advantageous version made in several parts (see e.g. 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 and 21 ). Here are at least two adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 of commissioned work 101; 101 ', in an advantageous embodiment at least the two laminating gap 107; 107' forming each other and/or each other as counter-pressure rollers 103; 103'; 106 effective rollers 103; 103'; 106, on both sides in - in particular rigidly connected to one another - frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 two different partial frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 stored, which in their relative position along a perpendicular to the axis of rotation R102; R103; R102';R103';R106; R106` at least one of the two adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 extending adjusting direction can be changed in position relative to one another in such a way that a distance between their rotation axis R102; R103; R102';R103';R106; R106` and/or one between the lateral surfaces - e.g. B. directly or indirectly via a carrier substrate 006 coated at least on one side - effective contact force can be varied. In a preferred variant, one of the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 fixed in space - e.g. B. on a base of the coating device 100; 100* or in or on a higher-level rack or frame - be arranged and the other of the at least two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 via a bearing mechanism 112; 113 within at least one adjustment range along the relevant adjustment direction, and in another variant both one and the other of the adjacent subframes 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can be adjustable along the positioning direction. The partial frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 here in particular includes two frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4, which has one or more cross connections, e.g. B. one or more traverses 136; 137 are rigidly connected to one another, although possibly detachable. Moving a partial frame 128.1 that can be adjusted in the above manner; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can therefore be used as a whole, including the roller 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 or rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 occur.

In one of the above Execution of an applicator 101 for only a one-sided order, i.e. H. with a first roller 102, e.g. B. the metering roller 102, a second roller 103, z. B. the laminating roller 103, and a pure counter-pressure roller 106, can in a first, but not shown, embodiment z. B. the first and second rollers 102; 103 can be stored together in or on frame walls 131.1 of a first sub-frame 128.1 and the counter-pressure roller 106 in or on frame walls 131.2 of a second sub-frame 128.2. For this purpose, for example, the first roller 102 is in or on the first subframe 128.1 above the above. adjusting means 109; 111 force-based and / or position-based adjustable at a distance from the second roller 103. In an alternative variant, e.g. B. the second roller 102; 103 and the counter-pressure roller 106 in or on frame walls 131.1 of a first sub-frame 128.1 and the first roller 102, e.g. B. metering roller 102, stored on frame walls 131.3 of a separate sub-frame 128.3. For this purpose, for example, the counter-pressure roller 106 is in or on the first sub-frame 128.1 above the above. adjusting means 109; 111 force-based and / or position-based adjustable at a distance from the second roller 103.

In a preferred variant of the above-mentioned embodiment of an applicator 101 for only a one-sided application, the first, the second and the counter-pressure rollers 102; 103; 106 in or on frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3 of its own sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3 stored. For example, one of the subframes is 128.1; 128.2; 128.3, preferably the partial frame 128.2 carrying the second roller 103, arranged in a fixed space and the other two partial frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3 mounted movably relative to this along the direction of adjustment. In for example 18 can be used for this version e.g. B. the right sub-frame 128.4 with a frame walls 131.4 and the roller 102' are omitted, with the roller 103' then being designed as a pure counter-pressure roller 106.

In preferred and z. Tie 8th until 12 and 15 , 16 as well as the characters 17 and 18 illustrated embodiment of the applicator 101, 101 'as a double applicator 101, 101' for the simultaneous application on both sides, in a first variant, not shown, the two pairs of rollers made up of metering and laminating rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103` in pairs, each in a partial frame 128.1; 128.2 be stored, with the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2 can be changed in position relative to one another in the above-mentioned manner in such a way that a distance between the rotation axes R103; R103' of the two rollers 103 forming the laminating gap 107 with each other; 103 'and/or an adjusting force acting directly or indirectly between the lateral surfaces can be varied. One of the subframes 128.1; 128.2 must be mounted in a fixed position and the other can be moved in the direction of adjustment. The metering rollers 102; 102' are, for example, in the respective sub-frame 128.1; 128.2 via the above-mentioned adjusting means 109; 111 force-based and / or position-based adjustable at a distance from the adjacent laminating roller 103. In an alternative variant, also not shown, this can be the laminating gap 107; 107' forming pair of rollers 103, 103' in a first, common partial frame 128.1 and the two metering rollers 102; 102' each in its own sub-frame 128.3; 128.4 be stored, with the first sub-frame 128.2 z. B. fixed in space and the other two sub-frames 128.3; 128.4 can be moved relative to the first partial frame 128.1 in such a way that a distance between the rotation axes R102; 103; 102; 103' between the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103 'and/or an adjusting force acting directly or indirectly between the lateral surfaces can be varied. One of the laminating rollers 103; 103` via the above-mentioned adjusting means 109; 111 can be mounted in a force-based and/or position-based manner at a distance from the other laminating roller 103.

In a preferred variant of the design of the applicator unit 101, 101 'as a double applicator unit 101, 101' for simultaneous application on both sides, however, all four or - in the case of z. B. further intermediate rollers all - rollers 102; 103, 102'; 103' in frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 each with its own sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 stored. This is z. B. one of the subframes 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, preferably a partial frame 128.1 carrying a second or laminating roller 103, arranged in a fixed space and the remaining partial frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 along a preferably perpendicular to a rotation axis R103; 103' a laminating roller 103; 103 ', in particular the spatially fixed laminating roller 103, adjustable in the direction of adjustment.

Preferably, at least the one involved in the formation of the second gap 107, 107' Roller 103 of the first applicator 101 upstream of the material flow and/or first roller 102 of the first discharge unit 101 is mounted in or on a third sub-frame 128.3, which is displaceable along an adjustment direction that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation R102; R103; R102';R103';R106; R106` runs at least the roller 103 of the first applicator 101 involved in the formation of the second gap 107. In the case of the double applicator 101, 101', in an advantageous embodiment, the laminating roller 103' of the second applicator 101', which is involved in the formation of the second gap 107, 107', is also located upstream with respect to the material flow, in particular the first roller 102 of the second discharger 101' stored in or on a fourth sub-frame 128.4, which is displaceable along an adjustment direction which runs perpendicular at least to the axis of rotation R103 of the roller 103 mounted in or on the fixed sub-frame 128.1.

For all of the versions mentioned with movable sub-frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 these are preferably on linear guides 112; 112 'movable, for each of the movable sub-frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 own management sections 138, e.g. B. rail pieces 138, can be provided or for two or more movable adjacent sub-frames 128.2; 128.4 continuous guides 138 or rails 138. The partial frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can be designed to correspond to the guide sections 138 or guides 138 on the bottom side and z. B. have supporting feet 139 comprising sliding or rolling bodies.

The rollers 102; 102';103;103'; 106 can basically be placed on a respective one in the frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 of the respective sub-section 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 rotationally fixed axle via corresponding bearings 151 or advantageously - such as. B. in the figures 17 until 21 shown - be rotatably mounted with front roll necks in bearings 151, in particular radial bearings 151, which in turn are in or on the relevant frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 are arranged.

The partial frames 128.1; which are adjacent to one another and are arranged to be relatively movable to one another; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 are in the preferred embodiment here per frame side by at least one drive means 132; 132'; 133; 133', in particular by at least one adjusting device 141 with a drive means 132; 132'; 133; 133' per frame side, preferably by two or at least two pulling devices 138; 139 on each side of the frame can be moved towards one another in the direction of adjustment, in particular can be tensioned, and can be moved away from one another or at least relaxed again. The mutually facing sides of the adjacent sub-frames 128.1, which are arranged to be movable relative to one another; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 are e.g. B. designed to correspond to one another so that the subframes 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 carried adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 - e.g. B. with appropriately placed slings 134; 134' - can be moved with their effective lateral surfaces into a relative position desired for operation with gap widths that may be desired or that are determined by the load.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one is the variation and/or the contact force between the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' effector and a drive means 132; 133 comprehensive actuator 109; 109' is position-based or - in a particularly advantageous embodiment - can be operated either position-based or force-based. This is z. B. as a drive means 133 a sub-frame 128.3, 128.4 carrying the first roller 102, 102' and the second roller 103; 103'; 106 supporting sub-frame 128.1; 128.2 acting and force-based drive means 133, in particular a cylinder-piston system 133 which can be acted upon with pressurized fluid, is provided, as well as at least one sub-frame 128.3, 128.4 carrying the first roller 102, 102' and the second roller 103; 103'; 106 supporting sub-frame 128.1; 128.2 effective stop means 119 that can be adjusted via adjusting means 146. In principle, any desired, preferably adjustable stop means 119 can be provided as the stop means 119, through which an adjusting movement between the two relevant subframes 128.1, 128.2, 128.3, 128.4 can be limited and preferably adjustable with respect to the end position is. These can be, for example, one or more sling means based on a respective screw thread, which can be rotated into a desired position manually or via a remotely operated adjusting means - possibly via a gear. In a preferred embodiment here, the stop means 119 are stop means 119 based on a wedge gear, e.g. B. oppositely wedge-shaped strips are provided, which work together in pairs with opposite sides and have a thickness that varies in opposite directions. For positioning it is sufficient if e.g. B. one of the wedge-shaped strips by a suitable adjusting means 146, e.g. B. a motor-driven screw drive or a motor-driven rack, is moved or can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the pair of strips against the other. With such stop means 119, a very sensitive variation of the end position to be defined by the stop means 119 can be achieved with a large length of the interacting sides and a small gradient in strength.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one is the variation and/or the contact force between the two, the second nip 107; 107' between forming rollers 103; 103';106;105' effector and a drive means 132; 133 comprehensive actuator 109; 109' is force-based or - in a particularly advantageous embodiment - can be operated either force-based or position-based. This is z. B. as a drive means 133 on the two sub-frames 128.1, 128.2, which have the second nip 107; 107' between forming rollers 103; 103';106; 105 'carry, indirectly or directly acting and force-based drive means 133, in particular a cylinder-piston system 133 which can be acted upon with pressurized fluid, is provided, as well as at least one stop means 119 which is effective between these two sub-frames 128.1, 128.2 and can be adjusted via adjusting means 146. The stop means 119 can be carried out in a manner set out above.

The drive means 133 can be mounted directly or indirectly on the relevant two subframes 128.1, 128.2; 128.3, 128.4 attack by each having an effective end, e.g. B. the piston of a cylinder-piston system 133 on the one hand and / or one end of the cylinder on the other hand, directly with the respective sub-frame 128.1, 128.2; 128.3, 128.4 is connected. However, a connection can also be made indirectly via e.g. B. a pull and/or push rod 142 which extends the piston or possibly the cylinder. The respective connection of the adjusting device 141 or directly of the drive means 133, e.g. B. via pressure and/or tension plates 143; 144, in the local sense determines an attack surface for the effect of the drive means 132, 133.

As a drive means 132; 133, a power-based drive means 133, in particular a cylinder-piston system 133 that can be acted upon with pressurized fluid, is preferably provided here. Such a cylinder-piston system 133 is preferably designed in such a way that a force of at least 20 kN, preferably at least 50 kN, can be applied. Preferably, at least two such cylinder-piston systems 133, which act between two adjacent sub-frames, are provided on each frame side.

The rollers 102; 102';103;103'; 106 can basically be placed on a respective one in the frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 of the respective subframes 128.1; 128.2; 128.3, 128.4 rotatably mounted axle via corresponding bearings 151, or advantageously - such as. B. in the figures 17 until 21 shown - be rotatably mounted with front roll necks in bearings 151 designed as radial bearings 151, the bearings 151 in turn being in or on the relevant frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 are provided. In both cases the rollers 102; 102';103;103'; 106 or their roll necks or axes, viewed in the axial direction, are effectively supported on a width b151 of the bearing, which is provided by one or more rows of the roll necks or axes against the relevant sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3, 128.4 supporting bearing elements is intended. In the case of the radial bearing 151 that enables rotation, these can be one or more rows of rolling elements or sliding surfaces arranged in the circumferential direction. The effective support width b151 results from the distance between the two outer edges of the single row of bearing elements or the two outer rows of bearing elements.

In one - e.g. B. with regard to the lowest possible deformation - a particularly advantageous embodiment engages on two or two of the adjacent sub-frames 128.1, which can be varied at a distance from one another and / or in the contact force against one another; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 an adjusting device 141 with its two effective ends, which can be varied at a distance from one another, on one of the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 indicates that a same, perpendicular to the axis of rotation of at least one of the two adjacent sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 mounted rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103'; 106; 106' running, in particular within the width of the frame wall, plane G at least the respective effective support width b151, viewed in the axial direction, in the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 mounted rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103'; 106; 106` as well as one in the area of the working people with the respective sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 trained attack surface, for example the cross section of an end of the adjusting device 141 on the relevant sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 supporting pressure and/or tension plate 143; 144, in particular even a working cross section in the cylinder of the z. B. cuts through a cylinder-piston system 133 formed by drive means 133. This ensures that the tensile stress acts in the alignment of the support and tilting in the bearing 151 caused by the tensile stress is avoided.

In a preferred embodiment, for all of the subframes 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 explained versions of the commissioned works 101; 101' or double application units 101. 101' the rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103, 103'; 106 arranged at least in the operating position in such a way that their R102; R103, R102'; R103' cut the same connecting line in at least one radial alignment.

For the force-based drive means 133 or actuators 133, the through is preferred the force acting on the drive means 133 can be adjusted. In the case of using pressurized fluid, e.g. B. compressed air or hydraulic fluid (e.g. oil) operable cylinder-piston systems 133, in particular the pressure of the pressure fluid provided by a pressure source is adjustable - at least in an adjustment range required for operation.

Basically independent of, but advantageously in conjunction with, one of the above-mentioned versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or designs of the applicator works 101; 101` and/or coating devices 100; 100* and/or machine configurations and/or frames 128 are, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, at least the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102; 103` with their R102; R103, R102`; R103' - generally or in at least one operating situation - inclined to each other, ie not stored or storable in parallel (see e.g. principle from 22 ). However, these preferably run in two parallel planes.

If such storage is to take place generally and without the possibility of variation, the inclined arrangement can already be in the arrangement of the bearings 151 in a one-part or multi-part frame; 128.1, 128.2, 128.3, 128.4 must be taken into account.

Preferably the axes of rotation are R102; R103, R102`; However, R103` can be tilted towards each other, i.e. H. can be tilted from a parallel position to one another or to different angles of inclination α. For example, one of the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103', in particular the second roller 103, 103', in the course of the alignment of its R102; R102', R103; R103' is operationally fixed in space, although it may be movable in parallel in space without changing the inclination, and the other of the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103', in particular the first roller 102; 102', with its axis of rotation R102; 102` compared to the orientation of the R102; R102', R103; R103` and/or opposite the course of the rotation axis R102; R102', R103; R103' of the other roller 103; 103'; 102; 102', in particular second rollers 103; 103', tiltable. The pivoting here preferably takes place about an actual or imaginary pivot axis, which is in one of the rotation axes R102; R102', R103; R103' of the two rollers 102; 103; 102; 103 'comprehensive plane lies and / or perpendicular to the rotation axes R102; R103; R102; R103' of both the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102; 103' runs and/or its axes of rotation R102; R103; R102; R103' cuts.

Such inclination can in principle be achieved directly via a special design of the inclinable roller 102; 102'; 103; 103 'can be realized in the frame 128 receiving storage. So can e.g. B. - on at least one, preferably on both sides, a bearing 151, e.g. B. eccentric bearings 151, can be provided, through which a radial position of the relevant axis of rotation R102; R103, R102`; R103` in bearing 151 can be varied. Alternatively, a radially movable bearing can be provided on one or preferably on both sides of the frame 128, through the movement of which the bearing point in question can be varied radially.

Preferably, the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102; 103' of the same application work 101; 101', e.g. B. on the first and / or second applicator 101; 101', corresponding to e.g. B. an above embodiment of the multi-part frame 128, in or on different sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 stored, one of the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, preferably the first roller 102; 102' supporting partial frame 128.3; 128.4, in total, ie including the associated frame walls 131.1, 131.2, 131.3, 131.4, one or more traverses 136; 137 and the roller 102 mounted therein; 103; 102; 103 ', about a perpendicular to its axis of rotation R102; R103, R102`; R103' and this extends to at least the maximum effective width of the roller 102; 103; 102; 103 'intersecting pivot axis S can be pivoted (see e.g. 17 , 18 , 19 , 21 and 23 ).

The pivotable partial frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 is, in an advantageous embodiment, mounted on at least two circular arcs K spaced apart from each other running in the circumferential direction around the pivot axis S, whereby they lie in a radius RS on a circular arc K running around the pivot axis S and/or determining the position of the pivot axis S ( see e.g.- e.g. 23 ). The storage locations 153 are z. B. by sliding or preferably rolling elements 153, e.g. B. rollers, which are arranged in two spaced-apart bearing blocks 147. The rollers can be rotated about an axis parallel to the pivot axis S. The radius R _S of the circular arc K is z. B. larger than half, in particular than the entire maximum usable width of the partial frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 pivoted roller 102; 103; 102; 103'. This allows a large adjustment range to be achieved for the smallest changes in inclination.

The bearing blocks 147 are, for example, perpendicular to the rotation axes R102; R103, R102`; R103 'through the pivotable sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 carried roller 102; 103; 102; 103 'running guides 138 stored and on these together with the sub-frame 128.1 mounted thereon; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 in one direction perpendicular to the rotation axis R102; R103, R102`; R103` can be moved.

In a preferred embodiment, the bearing points 153 act to support the pivotable partial frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 with the bearing surfaces 154 facing the bearing points 153, which are in a lower region of the partial frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, in particular in the area of the lower end of the two relevant frame walls 131.1, 131.2, 131.3, 131.4 are arranged and / or - at least within an adjustment range for the pivoting movement in the circumferential direction of the circular arc K - a surface supported on at least one bearing point 153 with a have a circular arc-shaped profile at least within an adjustment range. The radius of curvature preferably corresponds to the above-mentioned radius _RS .

In principle, pivoting can be effected manually, but a drive means that can be operated remotely is preferred, through which the relevant partial frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can be pivoted.

The pivoting or the inclination angle α is, for example, an angle that lies between 0.1° and 2.0°, in particular between 0.5° and 1.5°, preferably 1.0°. The adjustment range for the pivoting can then be, for example, a range from 0° to at least 1°, advantageously from 0° to at least 1.5°, or even from 0° to 2.0° or more.

The partial frame 128.1; which can be pivoted about the pivot axis S at the top; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 applies to all versions of the split frame 128 set out above; 128.1, 128.2, 128.3, 128.4 to be transferred with the proviso that the partial frame 128.1; 128.3 the first or second roller 102; 103, in particular the first roller 102 of a simple, i.e. H. applicator 101 intended for one-sided application or the partial frame 128.1; 128.3; 128.2; 128.4 the first or second roller 102; 103, in particular the first roller 102 of both applicators 101; 101' of a double application work 101,101' in one of the above. Can be pivoted and advantageous with the above. Means is carried out.

Regardless of the pivoting of the roller 102; 103; 102; 103 'together with or without partial frame 128.1, 128.2, 128.3, 128.4, the pivot axis S preferably lies in one of the rotation axes R102; R103; R102; R103` of the two adjacent rollers 102; 103; 102; 103 'comprehensive plane and / or runs perpendicular to the rotation axes R102; R103; R102; R103` of both the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102; 103' and/or intersects their axes of rotation R102; R103; R102; R103`. The pivot axis S of the pivotable roller 102 advantageously cuts; 102'; 103; 103 'their axis of rotation R102; R103, R102`; R103', especially at the middle of the maximum usable roller width.

In a preferred embodiment, for all of the subframes 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 explained versions of the commissioned works 101; 101' or double application units 101,101' the rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103, 103'; 106 arranged at least in the operating position in such a way that their R102; R103, R102'; R103'; R106 in at least one radial alignment along the rotation axes R102; R103, R102'; R103'; R106 cut the same, here particularly horizontal, connecting straight line. In the case with one or more inclined rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103, 103'; 106 this connection line falls z. B. together with the respective pivot axis S. Without inclined roller 102; 103; 102'; 103, 103'; 106 are the rotation axis R102; R103, R102'; R103`; R106 advantageously - such as. B. already explained in an embodiment variant set out above - parallel and even lie in the same, here in particular horizontal, plane.

For all of the above Versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements are the actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' and/or the bearing mechanism 112 encompassed by it; 112'; 113; 113' at least the second gap 107; 107' forming rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' is preferably designed to operationally form a gap width of at least 15 µm, advantageously of at least 30 µm, in particular of at least 50 µm, at the narrowest point and/or, in particular at least within the limits defining the maximum adjustment path, a gap width between the two rollers 103 ; 106; 103; 103` about a product strand 002 to be formed; 002' and/or by at least one adjusting mechanism 112; 112' and/or at least one actuator 109; 109 'caused contact pressure or line force to form the gap width, and / or in the second gap 107; 107' has a line force of z. at least in the area of its width which contributes to film formation. B. at least 500 N/mm, advantageously at least 700 N/mm, preferably a line force between 500 N/mm and 3000 N/cm, between the second gap 107; 107' forming rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' to be set and/or applied and/or a desired line force to be kept constant even with fluctuating dry film thickness by automatic or controlled tracking of at least one of the two rollers 103; 106; 103; 103' to enable.

For all of the above versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements is in a particularly advantageous way formation above the respective applicator 101; 101' or the commissioned works 101; 101' a suction 123; 123' is provided, through which any escaping gases or resulting vapors can be extracted.

The rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106` of the above-mentioned commissioned works 101; 101' are preferably designed with a width that can be used for film formation and/or application in the range from 400 mm to 800 mm, in particular from 500 mm to 700 mm.

Although basically a device of any design for supplying powdery material 700; 700 'can be provided, through which the applicator 101; 101' powder mixture 004 into the first gap 104 formed between the first and second rollers; 104 'can be fed, a feed 700 is particularly preferred; 700' is provided, through which the gap 104; 104 'immediately or via one above the nip 104; 104 'provided insertion aid 711, e.g. B. in the manner of a funnel trough 711, indirectly a defined and / or controllable stream of powder mixture 004 can be fed evenly over the entire delivery width. The following are particularly advantageous embodiments for the device for supplying powdery material 700 in various respects; 700 'provided, which, viewed on its own or advantageously in connection with any design or configuration of the commissioned works 101; 101` and/or coating devices 100; 100* and/or machine configurations can be foreseen. The figures in the figures for the designs of the commissioned works 101; 101' and/or coating devices 100; 100* and/or machine configurations shown devices for supplying powdery material 700; 700' can only be understood as schematic and replaced or implemented by one of the following versions.

The device for supplying the powdery material 700; 700' in a preferred embodiment have at least one dispensing device 701 which controls and/or defines the dispensing quantity and which z. B. is designed in the manner of a metering device 701 or at least one metering device 704; 721 includes. A metering device 701 or a metering device 704; 721 comprehensive dispensing device 701 can basically be designed in a variety of ways in such a way that a controlled flow of material 004; 004' can be delivered in the manner mentioned above. In a preferred embodiment, the stream of powdery material is 004; 004' by means of the delivery device 701 to a downstream conveyor device 702, e.g. B. a linear conveyor 702, preferably designed as a conveyor belt 702, can be delivered. Through this conveyor device 702, the powdery material 004; 004' - e.g. B. on a conveyor width running transversely to the conveying direction T _P - conveyable downstream in the manner of a powder bed or layer and preferably directly or, if necessary, indirectly on the output side, e.g. B. via one or more additional conveying devices, directly to the Nipp 104; 104 'or the possibly provided insertion aid 711 on a feed width extending transversely to the conveying direction T _P. The conveyor device 702, in particular a roller 705 wrapped around the conveyor belt 702, e.g. B. deflection roller 705, in particular drive roller 705, is preferably variable in terms of the conveying speed and, for example, by a drive means 712 that can be varied in terms of speed, e.g. B. a drive motor 712, in particular a servo motor 712, can be driven. To promote transport, the surface of a conveyor device 702 designed as a conveyor belt 702 can preferably be rough and/or can have a slope sloping in the conveying direction T _P. The feed width here corresponds exactly or at least approximately, ie with z. B. a maximum deviation of ± 10%, a template width of a width limited on both sides and in the nip 104; 104 'directly or in an insertion aid provided above, the material 004; 004 'accommodating filling and / or storage space 123.

In one, e.g. B. with regard to a defined and / or uniform entry into the conveying path of the powder feed device 700; 700', a particularly advantageous embodiment includes the powder feed device 700; 700' one in the form of a dosing device 701; 701 'designed dispensing device 701, 701', which, as a metering device 704 relating in particular to the conveying speed, comprises a linear conveyor 704, which is preferably designed as a - in particular electromagnetically operated or operable - vibration conveyor 704, and through which or which powdery material 004, 004' dosed to a downstream conveyor device 702, e.g. B. a linear conveyor 702, in particular a downstream conveyor belt 702, can be delivered. The delivery to or delivery onto the conveyor belt 702 does not only take place at specific points in a narrowly defined location, but rather in sections or continuously over a delivery width which - at least in the operating position - e.g. B. preferably exactly or at least approximately, ie with z. B. a maximum deviation of ± 10%, which is ultimately responsible for the feed into the Nipp 104; 104' corresponds to the relevant feed width. Preferably - e.g. B. to adapt to different product formats or for correction purposes - the delivery width for the delivery of the material is 004; 004' through the dosing device 701 or feed onto the conveyor belt 704 viewed transversely to the conveying direction T _P the width and/or the lateral position, e.g. B. manually or advantageously remotely operated by drive means, adjustable. In addition, e.g. B. on the vibration table 706 - for example manually or in a further automatable form remotely operated by drive means, transverse to the conveying direction T _P - lateral boundaries 717, e.g. B. side guides 717, provided. As a result, no significant change in the stream width is required on the subsequent conveyor device 702, which could otherwise have a disturbing influence on the height profile running in width.

In an advantageous development, there is also a conveyor width on the conveyor belt - e.g. B. for the reasons mentioned above - adjustable in width and/or lateral position. For this purpose, for example: B., for example manually or in a further automatable form remotely operated by drive means, lateral boundaries 716 which can be moved transversely to the conveying direction T _P , e.g. B. side guides 716, provided via a corresponding mechanism, e.g. B. a respective threaded spindle or threaded spindle sections, the lateral position can be varied. The delivery width corresponds - at least in the operating position - preferably exactly or at least approximately, ie with z. B. a maximum deviation of ± 5%, which is ultimately responsible for the feed into the Nipp 104; 104' relevant and desired feed width. The delivery and conveying widths can be adjustable in width either mechanically independently of one another, mechanically coupled or coupled via control technology.

The dispensing device 701 designed or effective as a dosing device 701 or the at least one dosing device 704; 721 can preferably be adjusted so finely in the powder flow that in the relevant range for the specific, i.e. H. delivery rate based on the width, a constant and/or, in particular with an accuracy in the delivery quantity of a maximum of 3%, in particular a maximum of 2% deviation from the target delivery quantity, controllable flow of powder mixture 004 to one or the downstream following, in particular with a constant and / or controlled speed, conveyor device 702, in particular the conveyor belt 702, can be delivered.

In a z. Am 24 apparent, e.g. B. with regard to a defined and / or uniform transport in at least a first part of the conveying path of the powder feed device 700; 700 'particularly advantageous embodiment, a first or only metering device 704 is provided as the above-mentioned, preferably electromagnetic, linear conveyor 704, in particular designed as a vibration conveyor 704. This extends in the axial direction of the rollers 102, 103; 102';103' running width e.g. B. over a delivery width, which, for example, is preferably exact or at least approximately, ie with z. B. a maximum deviation of ± 5%, which is ultimately responsible for the feed into the Nipp 104; 104' corresponds to the relevant and desired feed width. The delivery width is preferably adjustable. An outlet of a supply device 703, e.g. B. a supply line 703 or, such as. Am 24 shown, a storage container 703, via which powdery material can be delivered to the linear conveyor 704. A supply device 703 designed as a storage container 703 can, for example, in at least the lower part of a container that converges in a funnel shape, e.g. B. executed in the manner of a feed funnel 703 and z. B. can be filled manually or via a pipe system. You can advantageously use a fluidizing device, such as. B. include a device for blowing in a gaseous medium, in particular air. In the illustrated and advantageous embodiment, the metering device 701 comprises the vibration conveyor 704 and at least a certain amount of material 004; 004' providing provision device 703 and can be one here z. B. also referred to as a dosing device with vibration drive 701 or briefly as a dosing vibrator 701, and z. B. form a unit that represents an assembly and can be obtained as such, which can be refilled, for example, manually or via a supply line from a supply.

The vibration conveyor 704 includes e.g. B. a vibration table 706 and a drive means 707 driving it, in particular a vibration or shaking drive 707 driving it, in particular electromagnetically excited, the term vibration or shaking drive 707 being understood to be synonymous as a drive device 707 driving a shaking or vibration device the vibration or shaking drive 707 or a controller controlling _this vibration drive 707 can preferably be varied in terms of the vibration frequency and/or amplitude and/or the vibration table 706 can be adjusted manually or by means of a drive means 715, e.g. B. actuator 715, adjustable.

In addition to the above-mentioned metering device 704 formed by a vibration conveyor 704, z. B. with regard to a particularly easily definable feed stream and/or z. B. for pre-metering, a metering device 721 which varies the delivery flow at the outlet and thus the feed flow to the conveyor device 702 can be provided. Such can e.g. B. through an in 24 only schematically indicated adjusting mechanism 721 can be provided, through which means of associated drive means 722, e.g. B. by one or more servomotors 722; 722.x, in conjunction with a dosing device 721 relating to the feed level on the conveyor 702, for example. B. a distance between the outlet and the top of the linear conveyor 704 and / or in conjunction with a metering device 721 relating to the discharge flow at the outlet, e.g. B. a free flow cross section from or in the provision device 703 can be varied.

As a metering device 721 relating to the discharge flow at the outlet, the outlet of the supply device 703 can be provided with a controllable outlet cross-section via one or more associated drive means 722; 722.x, e.g. B. one or more servomotors 722, varying actuating mechanism 721 can be assigned or arranged upstream. Such a can be used as in 24 As an example and only symbolically indicated, an actuating element 723 is a flap 723 or a slider 723 which extends over the outlet width and is actuated by the drive means 722, or through several actuating elements 723.x which are arranged next to one another across the outlet width and can be adjusted independently of one another by several drive means 722.x, such as e.g. B. include flap or slide segments 723.x (see, for example, in 25 and 26 ). In the case of several actuating elements 723.x that can be adjusted by drive means 722.x, the flow cross section or delivery flow can, for example, be varied and/or individually corrected across the delivery width.

One or more associated drive means 722; 722.x, e.g. B. one or more servomotors 722 may be provided, which have a corresponding servo mechanism 723, e.g. B. a gear, vary the distance between the outlet of the provision device 703 and the top of the linear conveyor 704, in particular raise or lower the provision device 703 or the part comprising the outlet.

Basically independent of the design of the dispensing device 701 with a dosing device 704 designed as a vibration conveyor 704 and of the presence and / or the design of the above-mentioned further dosing device 721, but preferably in conjunction with a dosing device 704 designed as a vibration conveyor 704 and / or z. B. at least one further metering device 721 mentioned above is in a z. B. particularly advantageous design of the powder feed device 100 with regard to a uniform material flow; 700' above the or a linear conveyor 702 arranged downstream of the dispensing device 701 in the conveying direction T _P between the point of material supply to the linear conveyor 702 and a delivery point to the nip 104; 104 'or the possibly provided insertion aid 711 or possibly on a further downstream conveyor a removal device 708 which extends horizontally over at least the conveyor width and is adjustable at a distance from the top of the linear conveyor 704.

Such a removal device 708 ensures - assuming parallelism between the underside of the removal device 708 and the top of the linear conveyor 704 on at least the effective length - a desired and uniform layer height of the material 004 to be conveyed on the linear conveyor 702 or conveyor belt 702; 004` can be defined or displayed across the conveyor width. If material 004 is present along the entire conveyor width upstream of the removal device 708; 004' is applied to a thickness that corresponds at least to the distance between the removal device 708 and the top of the linear conveyor 704, downstream of the removal device 708 there is a material stream with a uniform layer thickness of the powdery material 004 defined over the position of the removal device 708; 004' secured.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the removal device 708 is designed as a removal squeegee 708 - preferably changeable transversely to the conveying direction T _P - which, for example, can be moved during operation. B. performs an oscillating or iridescent back and forth movement. For this purpose, the removal squeegee 708 is mounted so that it can move axially, for example, and is driven by a drive means 709, e.g. B. a drive motor 709, driven oscillating or oscillating. This drive motor 709 can be designed directly as a linear motor or as a rotary motor driving the removal doctor blade 708 via a traversing gear. In an advantageous further development, the removal device 708 is provided by a - e.g. Am 24 only schematically indicated drive means 719, e.g. B. an actuator 719, for example remotely controlled via a signal connection S6 and adjustable at a distance from the conveyor device 702.

In an alternative embodiment, a roller, in particular a so-called roller doctor blade, which can be rotated or rotated on its underside against the conveying direction T _P can be provided as the removal device 708. In a further development, this can also be changed in the above manner using appropriate drive means and appropriate storage.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of a powder feed device 700; 700`, which e.g. B. to all versions, configurations and variants of the powder feed device 700 set out here; 700' is at least one Sensor system with a preferably non-contact sensor 713; 714 is provided, which, for example, provides information about a vertical position of a powder layer surface and / or which, for example, is based on a non-contact measuring principle, e.g. B. based on the use of sound waves or electromagnetic radiation and/or which together with a signal connection S1; S3 connected control and / or regulating device 724, in particular with a control logic or electronic control circuit included in the control and / or regulating device 724, and with one of the or a dosing or conveying device 702; 704; 721 drive means 712 722 assigned to vary the delivery or delivery rate; 707 via a respective signal connection S2; S4; S5; S7 a control loop R11; R14; R15; R17; R34; R35; R37 trains.

In a particularly advantageous, based on all versions, configurations and variants of the powder feed device 700 set out here; 700 'applicable embodiment is a sensor system providing information about the height of a powder layer, a sensor system, in particular fill level sensor system, provided with information about the fill height in the nip 104; 104 'or in the insertion aid 711 supplying sensor 713, short level sensor 713, which - especially from above - into the gusset of the roller gap 104; 104' or into the interior of a possibly above the nip 104; 104 'provided insertion aid 711 is directed towards the powder layer, in particular the powder layer surface, and thereby one with a filling height in the nip 104; 104 or in the insertion aid 711 - at least at the point under consideration - provides corresponding information.

An advantageously provided control circuit R11; R14; R15; R17 includes one of the above. Fill level sensor system with the sensor 713 for detecting a fill level of powdery material 004; 004' in the nip 104; 104 or in the insertion aid 711 representing information. In such a control loop R1; R1' is e.g. B. the information about the filling level in the nip 104; 104 'or in the insertion aid 711 sensor 713 provides signaling with one of the above. Control and/or regulating device 724 included control logic or circuit, which in turn is connected in signal connection S2; S4; S5; S7 with the control means of one or more drive means 712; 722; 715; 707 one or more of the above Conveying and/or metering devices 702; 704; 721 stands for varying the conveying and/or delivery or feeding rate of powdery material 004, 004`.

In one, especially for phases of changing machine speeds such as. B. a start-up phase, an advantageous embodiment is z. B. a control circuit R12 relating to the conveying speed of the conveying device 702 is provided, in which the fill level sensor system via the control and / or regulating device 724 or a control logic or circuit included and appropriately set up by this to form a control circuit R12 relating to the conveying rate with a Conveyor device 702 driving drive means 712, here z. B. the delivery device 701 driving the conveyor belt 702 is in signal connection. The conveying speed is regulated by the relevant drive means 712, for example. B. dependent on the fill level, for example in such a way that if the fill level falls below a defined lower limit, the conveying speed is increased and if a defined upper limit is exceeded, the conveying speed is reduced.

Instead of the fill level-dependent variation or in addition to this, the drive of the conveyor device 702 can be underlaid by a control that correlates to a variable V representing the machine speed via a stored relationship, through which the conveyor device 702 is operated faster, for example, when the machine speed increases and slower when the machine speed falls. This control can do the above. level-dependent control must be used as a basis.

Instead of or in addition to an above-mentioned control circuit R12 relating to the delivery rate and/or the machine speed-dependent control of the conveyor device 702, in an advantageous embodiment, a control circuit R15 relating to the delivery device 701, in particular the delivery rate of the delivery device 701 to the conveyor device 702; R14; R17 can be provided, in which the fill level sensor system is connected via the control and/or regulating device 724 or a control logic or circuit which is included and correspondingly set up in the signal connection S4; S5; S7 with one or more drive means 722 included in the dispensing device 701 for dosing purposes; 722.x; 707; 715 stands, e.g. B. in a control circuit R15 relating to the dispensing device 701 with a drive means 722; 722.x of the actuating mechanism 721 upstream or associated with the outlet and/or in another control circuit R14 relating to the dispensing device 701, the vibration drive 707 and/or in another control circuit R117 relating to the dispensing device 701, the actuating drive 715 for the table slope. The above-mentioned control circuits R15 relating to the dispensing device 701; R14; R17 can be provided individually, in pairs or all of them, whereby in the case of several such control circuits R15; R14; R17 preferably provides cascading or prioritization of individual control algorithms.

A control of the dispensing device 701 on which the fill level sensor system is based, in particular the control circuit R15 relating to the dispensing rate of the dispensing device 701 to the conveyor device 702; R14; R17 or control loops R15; R14; R17 through the relevant drive means 722; 722.x; 707; 715 is done for this purpose, for example. B. dependent on the fill level, for example in such a way that if the fill level falls below a defined lower limit, the delivery rate is increased and if a defined upper limit is exceeded, the delivery rate is reduced.

Instead of the fill level-dependent variation of the delivery rate or preferably in addition to this, the dosing by the dosing device 701 can be subject to a control that correlates to a variable V representing the machine speed, through which the dosing device 701 or one or more of the dosing devices 704 included therein; 721, for example, as the machine speed increases, the delivery rate through the dosing device 701 or one or more dosing devices included in the dosing device 701 via appropriate control of one or more of the above. drive means 722; 722.x; 707; 715 increased and decreased as the machine speed fell. This control can be done with the above. machine speed-dependent control of the conveyor device 702 and/or the above-mentioned. fill level-dependent control of the dispensing device 701 as a basis.

In a further development of the embodiment comprising the removal device 708, the feed rate can also be varied, e.g. B. can be preset by manually or remotely controlling the distance of the removal device 708 via an associated drive means 719 using a control loop (R16) not explicitly stated here.

Basically independent of, but advantageously in conjunction with, one of the above-mentioned level sensors and/or one or more of the above-mentioned control loops R12 on which the level is based; R14; R15; R17 (R16) is e.g. B. in an embodiment, in particular a linear conveyor 702 comprising an alternative or further sensor system that provides information about the vertical position of a powder layer surface, a sensor system that provides information about the vertical level of the powder layer surface on the conveyor 702, or layer level sensor system for short, is provided. This includes a sensor 714, which preferably works in a non-contact manner, providing information about the layer height or at least the level of the powder layer surface on the conveyor device 702, e.g. B. level sensor 714, which for example - e.g. B. as an optical or ultrasonic sensor - is directed from one side to the profile of the powder layer and provides at least information about the vertical position of at least one highest elevation of the powder layer across the conveying width transversely to the conveying direction T _P. If the conveyor device 702 is in an operationally stable vertical position, the level of the powder layer surface represents a resulting powder layer thickness.

In a simple case, the sensor 714, for example, only monitors whether a certain level of a highest elevation is exceeded or fallen below and the result is e.g. B. used for regulatory purposes. Monitoring only a certain height for overshooting or undershooting can be achieved, for example, using a single-beam light barrier or a linear ultrasonic sensor. In a more complex version that may, however, lead to more information, the sensor system can also provide information about the vertical position of the highest elevation currently present across the conveyor width - at least within a certain bandwidth. Here, for example, a sensor system that extends in the vertical direction over a certain height, such as. B. a light grid or an ultrasonic sensor with vertical resolution can be used.

Basically independent of, but advantageously in conjunction with, one or more of the above-mentioned control loops R12 on which the fill level is based; R15; R14 or R17 and/or a speed-dependent control mentioned above is, in an advantageous embodiment, a device comprising the removal device 708, e.g. B. a control circuit R35; R34; R37 is provided, which includes the above-mentioned layer level sensor system with the above-mentioned layer level sensor 714. In such a control circuit this is R35; R34; R37 is connected in terms of signaling to a control logic or circuit included in the above-mentioned control and/or regulating device 724, which in turn is in signal connection with the control means of one or more drive devices 707; 722; 715 one or more of the above-mentioned metering devices 704; 721 for varying the delivery rate of the dosing device 701. A control of the dosing device 701 with regard to the delivery rate or a dosing device 704 included therein; 721 by the relevant drive device 707; 722; 715 takes place here z. B. level-dependent, ie depending on the information provided by the layer level sensor system, for example in such a way that if the level of the surface falls below a defined lower limit or a target value, for example. B. an increase by more than a permissible tolerance and if a defined upper limit or the target value is exceeded, for example. B. by more than a permissible tolerance, a reduction in the amount dispensed by the dispensing device 701 or on the conveyor device 702 given delivery rate by at least one control circuit R35 comprising the layer level sensor 714; R34; R37 occurs.

Instead of or in addition to an above-mentioned control circuit R12 relating to the delivery rate and/or the machine speed-dependent control of the conveying device 702 and/or a control circuit R15 relating to the dispensing device 701, in particular the delivery rate of the dispensing device 701 to the conveying device 702 as a function of the fill level; R14; In an advantageous embodiment, R17 can therefore be a control circuit R35 relating to the delivery device 701, in particular the delivery rate of the delivery device 701 to the conveyor device 702 depending on the layer level; R34; R37 may be provided, in which the layer level sensor system via the control and / or regulating device 724 or a control logic or circuit comprised by it and correspondingly set up in signal connection with one or more drive means 722 included by the dispensing device 701 for dosing purposes; 722.x; 707; 715 stands, e.g. B. in a control circuit R35 relating to the dispensing device 701 with a drive means 722; 722.x of the actuating mechanism 721 upstream or associated with the outlet and/or in another control circuit R34 relating to the dispensing device 701 with the vibration drive 707 and/or in another control circuit R37 relating to the dispensing device 701 the actuating drive 715 for the table slope. The above-mentioned control circuits R35 relating to the dispensing device 701; R34; R37 can be provided individually, in pairs or all of them, whereby in the case of several such control circuits R35; R34; R37 preferably provides cascading or prioritization of individual control algorithms.

• Die insbesondere als Dosiervorrichtung 701 ausgebildete Abgabevorrichtung 701 wird anfangs und während des Betriebes bedarfsweise mit zu verarbeitenden pulverförmigen Material 004; 004' befüllt und das Material aus der Dosiervorrichtung 701 dosiert an die Fördereinrichtung 702 abgegeben, insbesondere gerüttelt. In besonders vorteilhafter Weiterbildung unter Anwendung einer o. g. Abnahmeeinrichtung 708 wird geringfügig, beispielsweise bis zu 10% bevorzugt lediglich bis zu 5% mehr Material 004; 004' an die Fördereinrichtung 702 abgegeben als tatsächlich abgenommen wird, das dann zur Bereitstellung einer gleichmäßigen Materialschichtdicke mit der sich bevorzugt changierenden Abnahmeeinrichtung auf eine bestimmte, insbesondere einstellbare Höhe abgenommen bzw. zurückgehalten wird. Die Abgaberate der Abgabevorrichtung 701 an die Fördereinrichtung 702 kann dabei z. B. über einen o. g., den Niveausensor 14 an der Fördereinrichtung 702 umfassenden Regelkreis R35; R34; R37 geregelt werden, z. B. derart, dass das detektierte Niveau immer mindestens dem eingestellten Abstand zur Fördereinrichtung 702 entspricht, vorteilhaft gar darüber liegt.

A powder feeder 700; 700 with a dosing device 701, in particular a dosing device 701 with a dosing device with a vibration drive 707, and a downstream conveyor 702, in particular a linear conveyor 702, is operated in an advantageous manner as follows:

• The dispensing device 701, designed in particular as a dosing device 701, is initially and during operation, if necessary, with powdery material 004; 004 'filled and the material from the metering device 701 is metered to the conveyor 702, in particular shaken. In a particularly advantageous development using the above-mentioned removal device 708, slightly, for example up to 10%, preferably only up to 5% more material 004; 004' is delivered to the conveyor device 702 as actually removed, which is then removed or retained to a specific, in particular adjustable height, with the preferably iridescent removal device in order to provide a uniform material layer thickness. The delivery rate of the delivery device 701 to the conveyor 702 can z. B. via a control circuit R35 comprising the level sensor 14 on the conveyor 702; R34; R37 can be regulated, e.g. B. in such a way that the detected level always corresponds at least to the set distance to the conveyor device 702, and is advantageously even higher.

The conveyed on the conveyor device 702, preferably under the removal device 708 in the above. Way carried out powdery material 004; 004' is fed from the conveyor 702 directly or, if necessary, via another conveyor into the gap 104; 104' or an insertion aid 711 provided above is supported.

The conveyor device 702 and possibly a subsequent further conveyor device can, in an advantageous embodiment, have the above-mentioned Control circuit R12 with a level sensor 713, which measures the level in the gap 004; 004' or monitored in the insertion aid 711, can be regulated in a manner set out above.

In an advantageous development, for a format change in the product to be manufactured, 001; 002 the delivery width of the delivery device 701 and/or the conveying width of the conveying device 702 is set manually or preferably remotely via appropriate drive means.

To e.g. B. beyond dosing through the dispensing device 701 or alternatively to vary a maximum material supply, in an advantageous embodiment the removal device 708 can be varied in its distance from the conveyor device 702.

For the above-mentioned designs and design variants of the powder feed device 700 (e.g. in conjunction with 24 ) and in particular for those that deviate from this, e.g. B. in connection with 25 and 26 The designs and design variants presented for the design of the dispensing or dosing device 701 are - fundamentally independent of the above-mentioned sensors, sensors 713; 714 or control circuits R12; R14; R15; R17; R34; R35; R37, but advantageous in conjunction with one or more of the above-mentioned sensors, sensors 713; 714 or control circuits R12; R14; R15; R17; R34; R35; R37 - a powder stream emerging from the powder feed device 700 and fed into the roller gap 104, 104 'or into the insertion aid 711, which may be arranged above it - in particular in a fall distance between the or a last one of the powder feeder 700; 700' included conveyor 702 and the nip 104; 104" or an insertion aid 711 that may be provided - sensors 726; 731, e.g. powder flow sensors 726; 731, directed at points or in sections, at least in one place or preferably over the entire width, in particular the fall width, continuously or at several points, with e.g B. a sensor 728; 733 is provided, through which information about the powder flow, in particular about the size and / or homogeneity, can be provided. Such a sensor system 726; 731 or the information obtained therefrom can in the first embodiment be an integral, ie in the sum of the considered variable I; F, e.g. measured variable I; F, obtained for example as a whole or over a section, which is continuous or interrupted in sections, or in particular a width that is single in width, provide spatially resolved values of such a quantity Ix; Fx.

In the first embodiment, an integral value of the size I; F information about the powder flow in the observed area can be obtained, which in the event that it is not detected over the entire width can be used as a first approximation as a measure of the entire flow. This can be used in a z. B. control circuit R82 explained below; R85, for example, a powder stream is carried out, e.g. B. be kept constant or - for example in the presence of z. B. empirically determined relationships between the determined variable I; F and the size of the throughput - the powder flow can be controlled or regulated with regard to its throughput.

In an advantageous embodiment of this first embodiment there is a control circuit R82; R85 is provided, which has the above-mentioned integral powder flow sensor system 726; 731 with one of the above sensor 728; 733 includes. In such a control loop this is R82; R85 via a signal connection S8 with one of the above. Control and/or regulating device 724 comprised control logic or circuitry, which in turn is connected via a signal connection S2; S5; S7 with the control means of one or more drive means 712; 707; 722; 715 one or more of the above Conveying or metering devices 704; 721 stands for varying the delivery rate of the conveyor device and/or the delivery rate of the metering device 701. The relevant control logic or circuit is available, for example. B. in a control circuit R82 relating to the delivery rate with the drive means 712 driving the conveyor device 702 and / or in a control circuit R85 relating to the delivery device 701 with a drive means 722; 722.x of the adjusting mechanism 721 in front of or assigned to the outlet in signal connection S2; S5. For an embodiment variant with a dispensing device with the above-mentioned. Vibration conveyor 704 can be in another control circuit (not shown) relating to the dispensing device 701 with a sensor 728; 733 the powder flow sensor system 726; 731 signal-related control logic or circuit of the control and / or regulating device 724 can be connected to the vibration drive 707 and / or in a further control circuit relating to the delivery device 701 (not shown) to the actuator 715 for the table slope. The above-mentioned control circuits R82 relating to the dispensing device 701 and/or conveyor device 702; R85 can be provided individually, in groups or all of them, whereby in the case of several such control circuits R82; R85 preferably provides cascading or prioritization of individual control algorithms.

In the second embodiment, with sensors 726 provided at several points or in sections; 731 can be used across the width using individual, spatially resolved values of one of the above. Size I.x; P.x for each individual section or measuring location, respective information about the powder flow in the relevant section or at the relevant measuring location is obtained, which each represents a measure of the powder flow in the relevant section or at the relevant measuring location. This can be used in a control circuit R82 explained above, for example; R85 - e.g. B. after summing or averaging - a total powder flow is also carried out, e.g. B. be kept constant or - for example in the presence of z. B. empirically determined relationships between the determined variable I; F and the size of the throughput - the powder flow can be controlled or regulated with regard to its throughput. Instead of or in addition to this integral evaluation and a regulation based on it, however, for several or all sections or measuring locations in the respective control circuits R82; R85 is a partial powder flow at least relative to partial powder flows in other sections or at other measuring locations or - for example in the presence of e.g. B. empirically determined relationships between the determined quantity I.x; F.x and the size of the throughput - the relevant powder flow, in particular partial powder flow, can be controlled or regulated with regard to the throughput.

In an advantageous embodiment of this second embodiment, several or all sections or measuring locations have their own sensor 728.x; 733.x one control circuit R82 each; R85 provided. This sensor 728.x; 733.x is R82 in such a control loop; R85 is connected in terms of signaling to a control logic or circuit included in the above-mentioned control and/or regulating device 724, which in turn is in signal connection with control means of several drive means 722.x one in sections or segments in width adjustable metering device 721 for section-wise variation of the delivery rate from the metering device 701. Sections or measuring locations correspond to their own sensors 728.x; 733.x with sections or segments, in particular actuator segments 723.x, a metering device 721 that can be adjusted in sections, e.g. B. with the above-mentioned and actuating element segments 723.x driven by drive means 722.x, e.g. B. flap or slide segments 723.x. The individual control elements 723.x or control element segments 723.x are regulated, for example, in such a way that, for example, in all sections considered. B. a powder flow of the same size through the sensor system 726; 731 is recorded. If necessary, the control can also be aimed at a desired profile, ie with different powder flows across the width in the sections under consideration.

In an advantageous version (see e.g. 25 and 26 ) includes the powder feed device 700; 700' such as B. already above 24 described a conveyor device 702, through which powdery material 004, 004 'is conveyed on a conveyor width and from there to a roller gap 104 underneath; 104 or a possibly provided feed aid 711 is fed. The feed itself takes place in particular by the powder stream falling down after reaching the end of the or a last conveyor device 702 over a fall path and into the nip 104; 104' or the insertion aid 711.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of a powder feed device 700; 700' in one of the versions or variants set out above or set out below is the above. Powder flow sensors 726; 731 in the area of the fall path between the only or downstream last conveyor 701 of the powder feed device 700; 700' and the nip 104; 104 'or the possibly provided insertion aid 711.

Such a powder flow sensor system 726; 731 is e.g. B. in conjunction with an advantageous embodiment for the dispensing device 701 25 and 26 shown, with the same reference numerals as before for functionally comparable or identical parts 24 find use. In contrast to using 24 In the embodiment shown, the dispensing device 701 is here without a vibration conveyor 704, but with a z. Am 24 only schematically indicated dosing device 721 relating to the delivery flow at the outlet of the supply device 703, with which z. B. the free flow cross section in the provision device 703 or out of it can be varied. The powder flow sensor system 726; 731, however, can also be applied to an embodiment set out above with a vibration conveyor 704 or any other embodiment in which the powder flow from a conveyor 702 over a fall path to the roller gap 104; 104 'or an insertion aid 711 provided above it is or can be supplied.

In connection with what was explained above, the powder flow sensor system 726; 731 comprehensive control loop R85 based on an integral value for the variable I; F, the metering device 721 can have a continuous or segmented adjusting element 723; 723.x be designed, for the latter when regulating over a single integral value of size I; F, for example, the adjusting elements 723.x are set in the same way. Is based on the size I; If the information provided is too low a powder flow or an undesirable decrease in the powder flow is determined, the continuous actuating element 723 or the actuating element segments 723.x are opened further for a larger material passage and vice versa. In the presence of the above-mentioned Context can be regulated to a specific throughput.

Alternatively or additionally, in a control loop R82 can be based on the integral value for the variable I; The speed of the conveyor device can also be regulated by appropriately controlling the drive means 712.

In connection with what was explained above, the powder flow sensor system 726; 731 comprehensive control loop R85 of a control in individual sections based on individual values for such a variable I.x; P.x, the metering device 721 includes actuating elements 723.x formed in sections by actuating element segments 723.x. The actuator segments 723.x or their actuators 722.x z. B. via respective control loops R82; R85 according to the specified control task based on individual values for the size I.x; P.x placed at the relevant sections or measuring locations. For example, it can be regulated to a profile that is uniform across the width or, if necessary, to a predetermined profile with powder flows that differ across the width. In the presence of the above-mentioned Context can be regulated on a profile with a uniform or varying throughput across the width. In the respective control circuit R82; R85 can have one or more further circuit elements 729, such as. B. a dead time element 729 may be provided.

In a first advantageous embodiment of the powder flow sensor system 726 (see e.g. 25 ) this is based on a measurement using electromagnetic radiation, in particular light in the UV, IR or visible wavelength range, in particular special in the form of a light barrier 726. For this purpose, for example, on one side of the fall path there is a radiation source 727, e.g. B. a light source 727 is provided and on the other side a sensor 728; 728.x, in particular radiation receiver 728; 728.x. As the variable I providing information about the powder flow; Here Ix is a radiation intensity I registered on the sensor 728; Ix used. In the case of an integral determination and evaluation in the above sense using only one value for the size I, a single radiation source 727, e.g. B. in particular directed light source 727, and / or a single radiation receiver 728, e.g. B. a photodiode 728 or a phototransistor 728 may be provided. For the second case, the rules in individual sections based on individual values for such a size Ix; Px allowed, an extensive radiation or light source 727.x, e.g. B. in the manner of a light grid 726, a plurality of individual light sources 727.x or a light bar 727.x, and a plurality of radiation receivers 728.x, an extended, in particular spatially resolving, radiation receiver 728.x or radiation receiver segments 728.x, such as. B. a radiation receiver array 728.x, a photodiode array 728.x or a line camera 728.x may be provided. By recording the radiation intensity I; Ix the constancy of a mass current can be checked, if e.g. B. an empirically determined relationship even the powder flow can be controlled or regulated with regard to its throughput - in sections or integrally, depending on the design.

In a second advantageous embodiment of the powder flow sensor system 731 (see e.g. 26 ) this is based on the application of a force measurement, in particular on a measurement of the momentum of the falling powder particles on a force transducer 733; 733.x trained sensor 733; 733.x acting force. As the quantity F providing information about the powder flow; Here Fx is a value for a sensor 733; 733.x registered force F; Fx used. In the case of an integral determination and evaluation in the above sense by means of a value for the size I, a single force transducer 733 can be provided, on which the powder flow of the entire width or a partial section representative of the width acts. For the second case of regulation in individual sections based on individual values for such a variable Fx, a plurality of individual force transducers 733.x, e.g. B. as - for example piezoelectrically operating - force transducer array 733.x, be provided.

The effect on the force transducer(s) 733; 733.x can basically be implemented in any way that an impulse of the material 004; falling across the width or a section in the powder stream; 004' to the relevant force transducer 733; 733.x is transmitted. In the advantageous embodiment shown here, for the or each section to be considered, i.e. H. across the entire width, a representative section or several individual sections, a baffle element 732; 732.x, e.g. B. a baffle plate 732; 732.x, which is located in the fall path of the section to be viewed and in operative connection to an assigned force transducer 733; 733.x is available. The baffle plate 732; 732.x can take the form of a deflection plate 732; 732.x, so that an impulse can be transmitted, but the material 004, 004' continues to the nip 104; 104` or an insertion aid 711 provided above it flows out. The impact element 732; 732.x, can be pivoted or elastically mounted and/or against the force transducer 733; 733.x must be supported, so that e.g. B. with increasing load due to the powder flow through the force transducer 733; 733.x registered force F; F.x enlarged. The measuring principle is based on an impact with a change of direction, whereby a resulting force F is based on the physical relationship F = m × a (force = mass × acceleration) and the change in direction upon impact. By recording the force F, the constancy of a mass flow can be checked, if e.g. B. an empirically determined relationship even the powder flow can be controlled or regulated with regard to its throughput.

In another, e.g. B. with regard to a uniform template above the dosing gap 104; 104` and/or in the filling and/or storage space 126, advantageous embodiment of a powder feed device 700; 700' is the powdery material 004, 004' via a z. B. designed as a dosing device 701 dispensing device 701, in particular a dosing device 701 with vibration drive 707 such. B. a dosing vibrator 701, which can be provided and - preferably directly at the downstream end of the dosing vibrator 701 or the shaking table it comprises or possibly indirectly via one or more further downstream conveying devices 701 - into the nip 104; 104' or can be delivered or fed into the filling and / or storage space 126 provided above this. The delivery quantity of the dosing shaker 701 is preferably - e.g. B. in the manner mentioned above - can be controlled via a fill level sensor and/or the readiness for delivery or feeding can be adjusted to a desired format width.

Above the nip 104; 104', a distribution device 744 is provided in this version, through which z. B. a filling level in the filling and / or storage space 126 - preferably adjustable with respect to the width and / or axial position - over its width in the axial direction of the rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103` can be evened out (see e.g. b. 27a and 27b) . For this purpose, the distribution device 744 preferably comprises a z. B. axially extending over at least the maximum clear width of the filling and / or storage space 126 - z. B. one or more parts - traverse 746, on or in which a distribution tool 747, e.g. B. a one- or multi-part distribution finger 747, protrudes into the filling and / or storage space 126 and between an end or near the end, ie, for example, a maximum of 10% of the width of the filling and / or storage space 126 away, area on a first , the end face delimiting the filling and / or storage space 126 and the end or near-end area of the opposite second end face - for example by an appropriately configured drive device - can be oscillated back and forth or moves back and forth in an oscillating manner during operation. The distribution tool 747 can basically be movable back and forth between the end positions along any movement path with at least one, in particular predominant (ie larger than other directions), movement component in the direction of the width of the filling and/or storage space 126. Preferably it is along a path parallel to the gap 104; 104 'moving movement path can be moved back and forth.

The drive device can be used as a drive means 749 e.g. B. include an electric drive motor, through which a belt of a belt drive that carries the distribution tool 747 or a thread of a screw drive that conveys the distribution tool 747 z. B. is reversibly driven or abortable. Alternatively, the drive means may be a pneumatic drive means 749, e.g. B. a piston that can be acted upon on both sides with compressed air, which is acted upon alternately on the sides and carries the distribution tool 747.

The distribution finger 747 can basically be designed in any way so that at least part of it extends into the powder template and, when moving back and forth, a part of the powdery material 004; 004` repressed. In an advantageous embodiment, the distribution finger 747 is provided with a recess 748, for example a spoon-like or trough-like profile, for example on a side pointing in the direction of movement, at least over part of its height reaching into the powder reservoir. B. in the form of a half-shell with a z. B. vertically extending channel 748. A further development can be advantageous in which the distribution finger 747 is mounted and/or driven in a positively guided manner so that it is forcibly rotated by 180° at the respective turning point of the oscillating movement, so that it points again in the direction of movement with the side having the recess. This can prevent accumulation of powdery material 004; 004' can be counteracted in the end areas. Alternatively, a distribution finger 747 with a passage can also be provided, which z. B. excess material 004 during movement; 004` allows flow back.

In an advantageous development, a filling height of the powdery material 004; 004' can be adjustable or regulated in the filling and/or storage space 126. For this purpose, e.g. B. at least one already mentioned above. Level sensor 713 is provided, which is directed at a point in the filling and/or storage space 126 onto the top of the powder template present in the filling and/or storage space 126.

Preferably, several, e.g. B. at least three, advantageously at least five, in particular z. B. nine such level sensors 713 directed at the powder template are provided. Alternatively, a differently designed sensor system that detects the supply and/or the fill level can be provided. The fill level sensor or sensors 713 or one or more sensors of an alternative fill level sensor system is or are in one of the above. Way e.g. B. via corresponding signal connections S1; S3; S2; S4 and one of the above Control and/or regulating device 724, in particular a control logic or electronic control circuit included in the control and/or regulating device 724, e.g. B. with the formation of a corresponding control circuit R12; R14; R15; R17; R34; R35; R37 with one of the dosing or conveying devices 702; 704; 721 drive means 722 assigned to vary the delivery or delivery rate; 707 (712) connected. This makes it possible to provide a desired filling height that is defined, for example, via a setpoint and is uniform across the width.

Preferably, the delivery width of the metering device 701 or the feed width into the nip 104; 104` or the filling and/or storage space 126 - e.g. B. in already above 24 as explained - variable. Additionally or instead, in the above-mentioned manner, the width of the filling and/or storage space 126 and/or the stroke, ie the width and/or position of the movement path for the distribution tool 747 and/or its vertical position to be assumed for the distribution Effective part and/or its oscillation frequency can be adjusted.

The powder feed device 700; 700' can preferably only comprise a dosing device 701, at the output of which the powdery material 104; 104' into the nip 104; 104` or the filling and/or storage space 126 is delivered or supplied. Such a dosing device 701 can advantageously be designed in an embodiment of the dosing shaker 701, as is part of the powder feed device 700; 700' in 24 , 25 or 26 is. In a variant, according to the powder feed device 700; 700' in 24 at least one further conveyor device 702 may be provided, via which the powdery material 004; 004' into the nip 104; 104' or the filling and/or storage space 126 is delivered or supplied. For the dosing device 701 and/or for the provision device 703 and/or for the dosing device 704 and/or for an additionally provided conveyor device 702, if necessary, in an advantageous embodiment this is possible in conjunction with the embodiment from z. b. 24 apply as set out.

Alternatively, the powder feed device 700; 700', such as B. in connection with 25 or 26 set out, include an above-mentioned conveyor device 702 in the manner of a linear conveyor 702, which contains the powdery material 004; 004' is received directly from a storage container 703, ie without the interposition of a metering vibrator 701, and - if necessary via a further conveyor device - into the nip 104; 104' or the filling and/or storage space 126 delivers or supplies.

In an alternative, e.g. B. with regard to a uniform filling level in the template above the dosing gap 104; 104` and/or in the filling and/or storage space 126, advantageous embodiment of a powder feed device 700; 700' is the powdery material 004; 004' via a dispensing device 701, in particular a dispensing device 701 with a drive device 707, e.g. B. a vibration or shaking drive 707, container 751 to be set in vibration, e.g. B. referred to here as a shaking trough 751, can be provided and - preferably directly via one or more openings 752 in the bottom 753 of the container 751 (see e.g. 28 ) or possibly indirectly via another one arranged underneath, e.g. B. linear conveyor 702 trained conveyor 702 into the nip 104; 104' or can be delivered or fed into the filling and / or storage space 126 provided above this. The terms vibration or shaking drive 707 are used here without distinction to mean a drive device 707 through which the shaking container 751 can be operated in its function as such.

The vibrating trough 751 includes a circumferential wall. The fill level in the shaking trough 751 is determined, for example, by a fill level sensor 754 - e.g. B. over a continuous range or towards a minimum and / or maximum filling level - monitorable and, for example, z. B. via a two-point or three-point control, to a certain level or to remain in at least one permitted area. This can be done, for example, by varying the supply from the storage container 703 mentioned below.

In principle, the powdery material 104; 104' directly from the at least one bottom opening 752 into the filling and/or storage space 126 in the gusset above the nip 104; 104' will be delivered. Preferably, the relevant opening 752 is followed by a feed channel 756, e.g. B. also referred to as a filler neck 756 or filler shaft 756, which has an outlet on the downstream side, preferably in the above the nip 104; 104 'formed gusset or filling and / or storage space 126 is immersed. The feed channel 756 or filler neck 756 or filler shaft 756 can basically have any cross-section and/or a cross-sectional profile varying in height, but is advantageously designed by a - in particular vertically extending - tube 756 with, for example, round or rectangular - in particular at least over the operationally intended maximum filling height is formed with a constant cross-section.

In one embodiment, an opening 752 extending across the feed width and/or a filler neck 756 extending across the feed width can be provided. In an advantageous embodiment, in the direction of the nip 104; 104' considers multiple openings 752 and/or associated feed channels 756 in z. B. one of the above Version with, for example, round or rectangular ones next to each other.

The shaking tank 751 receives the powdery material 004; 004' from a storage container 703, e.g. B. in the form of a feed funnel 703, which has an outlet 757 with one or more openings in the area of its lower end. The outlet 757 is at a height above the floor 753 so that material 004; 004' can exit into the shaking trough 751, but preferably below the level of the maximum possible filling height determined by the wall of the shaking trough 751. The circumferential wall of the vibrating trough 751 therefore has a correspondingly large height, e.g. B. more than 10 mm, in particular at least 50 mm, so that sufficient material 104; 104 'slide out of the storage container 703 and can be stored in the vibrating trough 751 at a sufficiently large filling level. During operation, the outlet 757 is preferably immersed in the powder layer stored in the vibrating trough 751, i.e. H. is at a level below the current filling level.

The fill level in the storage container 703 is determined, for example, by a fill level sensor 759 - e.g. B. over a continuous range or, for example, via a two-point or three-point control - to a minimum and / or maximum filling level - monitored. This allows, for example, a filling level and thus the pressure acting on the outlet 757 to be kept within a desired range.

The storage container 703 or its outlet 757 is preferably arranged at a distance from the opening 752 or plurality of openings 752 when viewed in the horizontal direction. This creates a cross flow within the container 751 of stored material 004; 004' guaranteed. For this purpose, the storage container 703 or its outlet 757 is preferably in a horizontal and perpendicular position to the course of the nip 104; 104 'lying direction to the opening 752 or plurality of openings 752 spaced. This forms a horizontal transport route on which the material 004; sliding from the storage container 703; 004` can be evened out in the filling height by shaking. In a further development, only guides 758 indicated by dashed lines, e.g. B. longitudinal shelves 758, which can be provided, for. B. run in a direction from the outlet 757 to the opening 752 or plurality of openings 752. This serves e.g. B. avoiding or reducing the mutual influence of possibly different mass flows through several openings 752 or sections of a continuous opening 752.

In order to be able to influence the filling level in the shaking tank 751, for example: B. a drive mechanism, not shown, is provided, through which the storage container 703 or the outlet 757 encompassed by the storage container 703 can be varied in distance from the bottom 753 of the vibrating trough 751.

When the vibrating trough 751 is active or the vibration or shaking drive 707 is activated, the vibrating trough 751 and downstream via one or more openings 752 one or more filler necks 756, which in turn open the roller gap 104; 104 'or fill the filling and / or storage space 126 formed in the gusset. Reaches the filling level in the nip 104; 104 'the level of the outlet opening or outlet openings of the filler neck or filler necks 756, it comes - e.g. B. due to the limited flowability and / or friction present in the material layer - to backflow, so that the nip 104; 104 'or the filling and / or storage space 126 formed in the gusset is not overfilled. The shaking trough 751 also backs up until it - e.g. B. due to the limited flowability and / or friction present in the material layer - there is no longer any refilling from the storage container 703, even if the vibrating trough 751 is operated continuously. If the fill level in the nip 104 drops; 104' or in the filling and/or storage space 126 due to material consumption, powdery material 004 slips; 004` after. This also happens when material consumption varies across the width, whereby the level in a continuous filler neck 756 is then equalized by sliding and with several filler necks 756 across the width the used powdery material 004; 004` slides individually.

In further alternative advantageous embodiments of a powder feed device 700; 700' (see e.g. 29 and 30 ) is the powdery material 004; 004' with respect to a direction parallel to the nip 104; 104' viewed in sections - e.g. B. separately from each other - via a group of several feed channels 756 arranged next to one another, e.g. B. also referred to as filler neck 756 or filler shafts 756, into the nip 104; 104 'or the filling and / or storage space 126 formed in the gusset. As a result, a filling level and thus the pressure in the individual feed channels 756 can be adjusted to a certain extent independently of one another and/or of the material consumption in the remaining sections, in particular can be controlled or regulated to the same level. The feed channels 756 or filler necks 756 or filler shafts 756 can basically have any cross-section and/or one that varies in height, e.g. B. have a funnel-shaped, cross-sectional shape or be formed by a shaft which is divided into individual feed channels 756 by corresponding partition walls. In an advantageous embodiment, however, they are formed by - in particular vertically extending - tubes 756 with, for example, round or rectangular - in particular at least over the operationally intended maximum filling height with a constant - cross-section. The feed channels 756 receive the powdery material 004; 004' directly or indirectly from a supply device 703. Such feed channels 756 or downwardly open outlets of the feed channels 756 are preferably arranged next to one another over a width which is approximately, ie with a maximum deviation of ±5%, of the current clear width of the filling and/or storage space 126 formed in the gusset. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the feed channels 756 are assigned a sensor system with at least one sensor 761, through which a respective filling level in the feed channels 756, e.g. B. at least one lower and / or upper limit, monitorable or, e.g. B. can be detected in at least one area for the filling level. The filling level considered here relates in particular to the one above the downstream outlet of the relevant feed channel 756 or in the lower one, ie one possibly provided in the feed channel 756 Actuator downstream channel section 756.1 formed or dammed material column. A result of the monitoring or detection is preferably a control and/or regulation device, e.g. B. an electronic control and / or regulation circuit or a control and / or regulation routine implemented in a data processing device can be supplied via a wired or unbound signal connection, which z. B. in turn acts on one or more actuators used to vary the filling height. In principle, the sensor system can be based on any mode of operation that meets the above-mentioned minimum requirements, for example sensors 761 that work optically, evaluate magnetic or electric fields or absorb mechanical force.

In an advantageous embodiment, the feed channels 756 are at least on a preferably same, e.g. B. perpendicular to the course of the nip 104; 104 'facing side for electromagnetic waves of a certain wavelength range, e.g. B. a range in the visible wavelength spectrum, transparent or at least translucent, e.g. B. designed to be transparent, so that a fill level through the wall or at least a transparent or translucent section of the relevant feed channel 756 can be monitored or detected in the above sense by means of a sensor 761 operating and/or sensitive in the relevant wavelength range. In this case, an optically operating sensor 761 corresponding to the number of feed channels 756 can be provided or a sensor 761 assigned to the feed channels 756, which is preferably designed as a camera 761, in particular as a line camera 761. If the relevant wavelength range is not contained sufficiently strongly in the spectrum present due to the ambient lighting, a corresponding source for the relevant wavelength range can be provided specifically for use in the reflected light or, if necessary, transmitted light method.

The sensor 761 is preferably designed as a camera 761 operating in the visible wavelength spectrum, with the supply channels 756 on at least the side viewed by the camera 761 and in at least the section viewed by the camera 761 or overall made of a transparent or at least translucent material, in particular made of glass, plexiglass or a transparent or at least translucent plastic.

In a first advantageous embodiment of such a powder supply device 700; 700 'in the version that supplies the filling and / or storage space 126 in sections, the - z. B. directly or spaced - next to one another provided feed channels 756 with at least one supply device 703 in line connection and are connected to this on the input side or from above with powdery material 004; 004' can be filled (see e.g. 29 ).

In a z. B. in terms of effort, an advantageous embodiment, several or all of the feed channels 756 provided next to one another are in line connection with the same supply device 703 and are simultaneously supplied with powdery material 004 on the input side or from above; 004' can be filled.

A supply of material into the feed channels 756 via individual conveyor belts, vibrators or the like can be omitted in the case preferred here, with a supply device 703 which is jointly assigned to the or more feed channels 756 to be supplied - e.g. B. at a level above the entrance to the feed channels 756 - are or is provided and the powdery material 004; 004 'can be fed or flows away from this - in particular solely through the effect of gravity - into the relevant feed channels 756.

Output-side outlets of the feed channels 756 preferably dip into the roller gap 104; 104 'formed gusset or filling and / or storage space 126. A storage container 703, e.g. B. in the form of a feed funnel 703, which can be provided in a lower area via one or more corresponding openings in line connection with the feed channels 756 for the passage of the powdery material 004; 004`.

To e.g. B. in the event of material consumption fluctuating across the width, ie across the group of feed channels 756, or for other reasons, to be able to fill the feed channels 756 individually and independently of one another, actuating elements 762 assigned to the respective feed channels 756, e.g . B. valves 762, in particular ball or flat slide valves 762, are provided, through which an input of powdery material 004; 004' into the feed channels 756 or a flow of powdery material 004; 004 'in the feed channels 756 in a respective downstream channel section 756.1 can be changed via an actuator 763, ie, for example, either to open or close or, in an advantageous development, if necessary to set the degree of opening or a flow rate across an adjustment range. The control elements 762 can be used to adjust the filling levels in the individual feed channels 756, in particular in a respective channel section 756.1 downstream of the actuating element 762, and individually controlled or regulated in conjunction with the above-mentioned sensor system that monitors and / or detects the filling level via the control and / or regulating device. For example, the above are or are, e.g. B. designed as valves 762 actuating elements 762 in an embodiment with a correspondingly set up sensor system, ie one or more of the above-mentioned sensors 761, in particular in conjunction with a sensor 761 designed as a camera 761, in the open/closed function in a control circuit based on, for example, the set or adjustable using a 2 or 3 point controller. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, valves 762 that can be varied in the degree of opening or flow, for example pinch valves 762 with z. B. respective actuators 763, in particular designed as proportional drives 763, which are provided in conjunction with a sensor 761 that detects the fill level, e.g. B. a camera 761, a regulated supply and thus a constant filling level in the respective feed channel 756 enable.

The feed channels 756 can be in several parts and z. B. be interrupted by the relevant control element 762. A channel section 756.1 of the channel 756 located below the adjusting element 762 can also be made of a rigid material, e.g. B. made of plastic, glass or Plexiglas, while a channel section 756.2 lying above or upstream of the adjusting element 762 is flexible, e.g. B. can be designed in the form of a hose line. Downstream of the adjusting element 762, a lateral opening 764 can be provided in the feed channel 756 for ventilation and/or venting of the inside of the channel, which is located, for example, at the end of a branch that is directed at least slightly upwards. Instead of the adjusting element 762 lying in the fall path of the relevant channel 756, the latter can also be provided on the input side of the channel 756.

In a further advantageous embodiment of such a powder supply device 700; 700' (see e.g. 30 ) in the version which supplies the filling and/or storage space 126 in sections, one or at least several of the - e.g. B. directly or possibly spaced apart from one another - feed channels 756 provided next to one another for powdery material 004; 004' can be fed from at least one supply device 703 individually via the same conveyor device 702 one after the other or via several conveyor devices 702 that can each be operated separately and independently of one another. A conveyor device 702 which can be moved with its output end or outlet along the group of feed channels 756, e.g. B. in the form of a conveyor belt 702 or a screw conveyor or a linear conveyor system 702, in particular conveyor belt system 702, with several coupled linear conveyors 702.1; 702.2, e.g. B. in the design of several or in particular two conveyor belts 702.1; 702.2, vibratory conveyor or screw conveyor, may be provided. An example is e.g. B. in connection with 31 for a following exemplary embodiment based on a transversely movable conveyor belt 702 or in particular conveyor belt system 702. In the version with separate conveying devices 702, the feed channels 756 can have respective linear conveyors 702; 704 can be assigned, which can be designed, for example, as conveyor belts 702, as vibration conveyors 704 or as screw conveyors.

The output-side outlets of the feed channels 756 are also operationally immersed here in the area above the roller gap 104; 104 'formed gusset or filling and / or storage space 126.

The respective feed channel 756, e.g. B. as a filler neck 756 or filler shaft 756, can basically have any cross-section and/or a cross-sectional profile that varies in height in this version. In the advantageous embodiment shown here, the feed channels 756 are formed by rectangular filling shafts 756, which z. B. by individual rectangular tubes 756 or z. B. are formed by rectangular sections of a shaft 766 divided by partitions 767. In an upper part of the feed shaft 766, a funnel-shaped extension can be provided, which allows a targeted supply of the powdery material 004; 004` relieved.

As in the above version for the sectional feeding, in an advantageous embodiment here too, on one side, in particular a side of the feed channels 756 that is the same and/or laterally aligned with the feed channels 756, there is a sensor system with at least one sensor system operating in a wavelength range of electromagnetic waves / or sensitive sensor 761 is provided, which is directed from the side to at least a section of one or more feed channels 756 to determine a fill level, the feed channels 756 being on at least the section viewed by the sensor 761 in at least the wavelength range relevant to the sensor 761 , ie sensitive or working wavelength range, are designed to be transparent or at least translucent. In this case, one of the number of feed channels 756 corresponding sensors 761 operating in the relevant wavelength range can be provided or advantageously a sensor 761 which is jointly assigned to the or more feed channels 756, which is preferably designed as a camera 761, in particular as a line camera 761.

As soon as the nip 104; 104' or the filling and/or storage space 126 - e.g. B. at the beginning of a production - is filled to the lower end of the pipe, the powdery material 004; 004 'in the respective feed channel 756 is jammed up because it - e.g. B. due to limited fluidity and/or friction - does not flow completely. The sensor system monitors and/or detects the fill level in the feed channels 756 in the manner explained above.

Instead of controlling or regulating the filling level via assigned control elements 762, the filling level is controlled or regulated via the supply of material into the individual feed channels 756, in particular via a corresponding control of a traversing drive and/or a delivery rate of the common conveyor device 702 or via the delivery rate of the respective separate conveying devices 702. In the first variant, the sensor system, ie the sensor or sensors 761, in particular the sensor 761 designed as a camera 761, can be connected via the control and / or regulation device or an electronic control and / or regulation circuit included therein or a control and/or regulating routine implemented in a data processing device together with a traversing, ie in the width direction of the rollers 102; 102';103; 103 'or the filling and / or storage space 126 running movement (e.g. in 30 indicated by a double arrow) and/or with a drive means determining the delivery rate of the common conveying device 702 form a control circuit which keeps the fill level in the feed channels 756 above a minimum height or target height or in a permitted range. For this purpose, for example, either the outlet of the common conveyor device 702 is constantly oscillated back and forth across the width of all feed channels 756 within the working width and, as required, when a deficient feed channel 756 is passed over, that is, the fill level is below a limit value, material is dispensed by appropriately controlling the feed channel 756 the drive means affecting the delivery rate. Alternatively, the conveyor device 702 can be moved with its outlet in a targeted manner via a deficient feed channel 756 by controlling the drive means that causes the traversion or transverse movement and a material delivery can be effected by appropriately controlling the drive means relating to the conveying rate.

In a further advantageous embodiment of a powder feed device 700; 700', through which powdery material 004; 004' in one in the area of the gusset above the gap 104; 104' between the first roller 102; 102 'formed filling and / or storage space 126 can be fed, is powdery material 004; 004' can be fed from a dispensing device 701 into the filling and/or storage space 126 via an outlet or a downstream end of a conveyor device 702.

However, the outlet or the downstream end of the conveyor 702 extends over a width that only corresponds to a part, e.g. B. less than a quarter, the width of the filling and / or storage space 126 to be supplied (see e.g. 31 ). However, in order to fill the filling and/or storage space 126 across its width with the powdery material 004; 004' is the conveyor device 702, which is located directly upstream of the filling and/or storage space 126 and is only partially wide, at least in the area of its downstream end or outlet compared to the width of the filling and/or storage space 126, at least with its output end or outlet movable in both directions over a width or partial width of the filling and/or storage space 126, which is also referred to here by the term traversable. Although the movement in the direction of the width of the filling and / or storage space 126 also along an arcuate, otherwise curved or along a direction against the course of the gap 104; 104 'can be provided in an inclined straight line, the end or an outlet of the partial-width conveyor device 702 is along a direction parallel to the course of the nip 104; 104' and preferably horizontally, and/or approximately, ie per side with z. B. a maximum deviation of ± 5%, movable over the entire currently set or existing width of the filling and / or storage space 126.

The conveyor 702 is the powdery material 004; 004' from or via a metering device 701 that controls the delivery quantity, for example; 701', e.g. B. an outlet that interacts with a vibration drive, a controllable screw conveyor or a controllable delivery valve.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the powder feed device 700; 700' as a metering device 701; 701' a dosing shaker 701; 701 ', through which a constant and / or, in particular with an accuracy in the delivery quantity of a maximum of 3%, in particular a maximum of 2% deviation from the target delivery quantity, controllable flow of powder mixture 004; 004' to the conveyor device 702, 702.1, 702.2, which can be operated in particular at a defined and/or predefinable, in particular variable speed. The conveyor device 702, 702.1, 702.2 is preferably designed as a conveyor belt system 702 with at least one first linear conveyor 702.1, in particular conveyor belt 702.1 and at least one further or second, z. B. compared to the first linear conveyor 702.1 longer, linear conveyor 702.2, in particular conveyor belt 702.2, on which or which the material 004 coming from the first linear conveyor 702.1 or conveyor belt 702.1; 004` can be given. The linear conveyor 702 or linear conveyor system 702.1, 702.2 and/or at least its downstream end is, preferably with an overall constant conveying path length, by a drive device, in particular a linear drive, above the filling and/or storage space 126, in particular axially parallel to the course of the roller gap 104 ; 104', can be traversed over a feed width relevant to the powder feed, i.e. can be moved back and forth to both sides.

The conveyor device 702 is preferably a linear conveyor system 702.1, 702.2, in particular a conveyor belt system 702.1, 702.2 with several, e.g. B. two coupled linear conveyors 702.1, in particular operable at a constant and / or predeterminable speed; 702.2, especially conveyor belts 702.1; 702.2 is formed, which in the area of its downstream end is preferably in an axially parallel direction at a height above the first gap 104; 104 'running drive device, e.g. B. a traversing drive, in particular linear drive 768, 769, 771, coupled and through this in particular in an axially parallel direction with a defined and / or predeterminable, in particular variable speed between two lateral end positions that determine the feed width above the first gap 104; 104' can be moved back and forth. The linear drive 768, 769, 771 includes z. B. a linear guide on or on which a driven carriage 768 runs, a transverse and driven belt to which the downstream end is coupled or in particular a threaded spindle 769 which has an end region of the linear conveyor 702; 702.1; 702.2 coupled carriage 768, e.g. B. Spindle carriage 768 carries. A drive means 771 driving the threaded spindle 769 or a band is z. B. as a motor 771, in particular as a servo motor 771, which z. B. can be operated alternately in clockwise and counterclockwise rotation.

For the preferred embodiment of a linear conveyor system 702.1, 702.2, in particular conveyor belt system 702.1, 702.2 with several, e.g. B. two coupled linear conveyors 702.1; 702.2, especially conveyor belts 702.1; 702.2, these can basically be driven coupled via a common drive means 712. In an advantageous embodiment, however, for each linear conveyor 702.1; 702.2 or each conveyor belt 702.1; 702.2 of the linear conveyor system 702.1; 702.2 or conveyor belt system 702.1, 702.2 has its own drive means 712.1, 712.2, e.g. B. a respective drive motor 712.1; 712.2, especially servo motor 712.1; 712.2 provided.

The downstream end of the further upstream, e.g. B. first provided linear conveyor 702.1, in particular conveyor belt 702.1, of the linear conveyor system 702.1, 702.2, in particular conveyor belt system 702.1, 702.2 is connected to the upstream end of the downstream second or last linear conveyor 702.2, in particular conveyor belt 702.2 via a coupling 772, e.g. B. an axis 722, articulated in such a way that they are relative to each other by a z. B. vertically extending common axis of rotation can be pivoted. The axis 722 or coupling 722 can, for example, have a support 773, e.g. B. a holder 773 that is fixed to the frame but can be pivoted about an axis of rotation parallel to the axis 722.

In the area of the downstream end of the linear conveyor 702 or linear conveyor system 702.1, 702.2 or on the carriage 768 there is a sensor 713, e.g. B. filling level sensor 713, preferably in the form of an ultrasonic sensor 713, provided or arranged in such a way that it is carried along with the moving end or carriage 768 and for detecting or monitoring the filling level from above on what is present in the filling and / or storage space 126 powdery material 004; 004` is directed. Alternatively, a sensor system with at least one sensor 761, e.g. B. in the manner of the side sensor 761 described above, by which a fill level can be determined continuously or at intervals across the width of the filling and / or storage space 126. A spatially resolved result can then be fed to the control and/or regulation device to form a control loop described below.

The filling level is controlled or regulated here, for example. B. similar to an embodiment described above for sectional feeding via a material supply to places where the filling height is too low, in particular via a corresponding control of the traversing drive and / or a delivery rate of the partial-width conveyor device 702, 702.1, 702.2. In the first variant, the relevant sensor 713; 761 together with the control and/or regulation device or an electronic control and/or regulation circuit included therein or a control and/or regulation routine implemented in a data processing device together with the traversing, ie in the width direction of the roller 102; 102';103; 103 'or the filling and / or storage space 126 running movement causing drive means 771 and / or the or one the delivery rate of the partial width conveyor 702, 702.1,; 702.2 determining drive means 712; 712.1; 712.2 form a control loop that maintains the fill level in the filling and/or storage space 126 over the entire monitored width above a minimum height or at a target height or in a permitted range. For this purpose, for example, the downstream end or an outlet of the partial-width conveyor device 702 is constantly oscillated back and forth across the monitored width and, as required, when a deficient area is covered, that is to say with the fill level below a limit value, material is released by appropriately controlling the one or more Drive means 712 relating to the delivery rate; 712.1; 712.2 causes. In a variant with lateral sensors, an appropriate control circuit can alternatively be used to move the end or outlet over a section that has been recognized as deficient and specifically there via the part-wide conveyor device 702, 702.1, 702.2 Material 004; 004` are supplied.

The powder feed devices 700; 700' in the above mentioned Designs are preferred in all of the above. Designs for the coating device 100; 100* applicable, whereby in the case of the version with simultaneous application on both sides or the version with applicators 101 offset on the substrate path; 101' preferably also on the other applicator 101'; 101 one above mentioned powder feeder 700; 700' is provided.

The above are also Comments on the powder feed device 700; 700' on the feed into applicator works 101; 102 'apply, in which in addition to the first and second rollers 102; 102; 103; 103' downstream of the second roller 103; 103`another one, e.g. B. third roller is provided, the second roller 103; 103 'a gap is provided for transferring the dry film, which has a gap with the second roller 103; 103' the previously formed dry film 003; 003' takes over and in another gap with another roller 103'; 106 the dry film 003; 003` to this further roller or to a carrier substrate 006 to be guided through the further gap. In the latter case, the further gap forms the laminating gap 107; 107', which is on the other side by a counter-pressure roller 103'; 106 effective roller 103'; 106 is formed.

Basically independent of, but particularly advantageous in conjunction with, one of the above-mentioned designs, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements of the coating device 100; 100* and/or one of the above-mentioned versions or variants for the powder feed device 700; 700* and/or one of the equipment and/or configurations for the machine explained in more detail below is a z. Am 32 Measuring arrangement 801 shown as an example or device for determining the density ρ on a lateral surface of one of the rollers 103; 103' of the discharge mechanism 101; 101 'funded material layer 003; 003' provided. In conjunction with the above-mentioned coating device 100; 100* and/or an above-mentioned powder feed device 700; 700*, such a measuring arrangement 801 would have to be conceptually supplemented.

The measuring arrangement 801 or device comprises one or the above-mentioned. removal device 114; 114`; 116; 116', which is used to remove at least part of the material layer 003; 003` at a point on the circumference of the roller 103; 103 'on at least part of a usable working width, e.g. B. the width of the roller surface effective for film formation, the roller 103; 103 'can be adjusted or turned on to the lateral surface during rotation. The decrease in at least the part of the material layer 003 that is relevant for determining the density ρ; 003` is carried out by the acceptance device 114; 114'; 116; 116` while rotating the roller 103; 103` over an angular range Δφ, e.g. B. also angular interval Δφ, between a first and a second angular position φ1; φ2, whereby if more than one revolution is to be covered, the second angular position φ2 must be taken into account with a value greater than 360° in accordance with the angular difference covered. The part of the material layer 003 that is relevant for determining the density ρ; 003` can result from the decrease during one, more than one or part of a full revolution. In the following, where the reference to the angular position φ or the angular range Δφ is not mandatory or a direct reference to the time t is explicitly excluded, the reference to an angular range Δφ or the relevant angular interval Δφ is equivalent to the decrease Time interval Δt with a first time t1 for the start of the decrease at z. B. a first angular position φ1 and a second time t2 for the end of the decrease at z. B. to understand a second angular position φ2.

In principle, the material layer 003; 003` for sampling by a z. B. over the effective width of the roll surface for film formation, e.g. B. o.g. removal device 114; 114' can be removable over the entire width over a certain length or a certain angular range Δφ. This in particular e.g. B. in the case of an applicator 101; 101', through which a material layer 003; interrupted by free sections; 003` is applied to the carrier substrate 006.

In an example of the above-mentioned and advantageous embodiment, in which z. B. one over several or multiple revolutions of the above-mentioned laminating roller 103; 103' of uninterrupted material layer 003; 003 'is applied to the carrier substrate 006, but is a removal device 116; 116 'provided for the removal of only part 008; 008' of the material layer 003; 003', in particular a material strip 008; 008`, which is in the edge region, ie viewed in the axial direction at one end of the material layer 003; 003` area, through an edge strip 008; 008' is formed at a point on the circumference of the roller 103; 103 'can be adjusted or adjusted to the lateral surface on only part of a usable working width. The material strip 008 is separated along a cutting line s running in the circumferential direction and lifted off the lateral surface. At the edge strip 008; 008` can be a use of the edge trimming above to obtain a straight edge.

The measuring arrangement 801 or device further comprises a weighing device 802, on which a removed, in particular defined and/or detectable part 008; 008' on reel 103; 103' previously conveyed material layer 003; 003` can or will be collected. For this purpose, the removed part of the material layer 003; which at least serves to determine the density ρ; 003`, for example in a weighing container 803 stored on a scale 809, e.g. B. a weighing pan 803, collected and its mass m determined. This can z. B. a dead time can be taken into account, which corresponds to the path of the removed part of the material layer 003; which serves to determine the density ρ; 003` from the point of peeling to the weighing device 802 takes into account.

In principle, an embodiment is conceivable in which, during operation of the coating device 100; 100* an edge strip 008; 008' is continuously removed and collected on the weighing device 803 or in the correspondingly sized weighing container 803, the mass m of the part 008; removed over the angular range Δφ relevant for determining the density ρ; 008` of the material layer 003; 003` is determined by forming a difference between the mass m registered by the weighing device 802 at time t2 of the end and at time t1 of the beginning of the determination process.

In an advantageous and z. Am 32 embodiment shown as an example, in which z. B. during operation of the coating device 100; 100* also an edge strip 008; 008' can be or will be removed continuously and, if necessary, by a collecting device 117; 117` is recorded and can be dissipated via this if necessary, is one via e.g. B. a drive means 818 actuated separation device 808 is provided, through which - e.g. B. via a defined and/or a decrease in the relevant angular range Δφ z. B. over a dead time correlating time interval Δt - the or a part 008 removed for the determination of the density ρ in the relevant angular range Δφ; 008` of the material layer 003; 003' can be fed to the weighing device 802 specifically intended for this purpose, in particular to the weighing container 803. The separation device 808 can be used as a diversion device 808 in the form of a switch 808 with a z. B. switch tongue 817 actuated by a drive means 818 or in the manner of a diverter 808 with a z. B. slide 817 or bottom 817 actuated by the drive means 818. In a modification with z. B. a material layer 003 interrupted by free sections; 003` can e.g. B. a number of material layer sections to be used for the determination, an edge region 008 can be separated by such a separation device 808 in the above-mentioned manner, with z. B. possibly other edge areas 008 in a collecting device 117; 117` can be recorded. The sample material of the removed material layer 003 picked up on or in the weighing container 803; 003' can, for example, after a determination cycle via a drive means 814, e.g. B. a tilt drive 814, in a z. B. larger material holder 816, for example a container 816, can be emptied, in particular tilted.

Furthermore, a measuring device 806 is provided, via which a strength d, e.g. B. layer thickness d on the roller 103; 103' conveyed material layer 003; 003` can be determined. As such, in a first approximation the strength d003, e.g. B. Layer thickness d003, basically somewhere on the width b003; b003' of the material layer 003; 003' and/or at a time of stationary operation of a device comprising the roller, but preferably a thickness d008 or layer thickness d008 of the material layer 003; 003` in the strip of material to be removed 008; 008`. Such a measuring device 806 is preferably based on a non-contact measurement and is designed, for example, as an ultrasound-based, an inductive or a capacitive measuring device 806 with a corresponding measuring head.

The density ρ is determined - e.g. B. in data processing means 811 provided for this purpose and, for example, in a control device 807 which controls the process for determining the density ρ - e.g. E.g. according to: p = m / V = m / (A d).

In the simplest case with e.g. B. a sufficiently straight side edge on the roller 103; 103' conveyed material layer 003; 003' and one about the axial position of the removal device 116; 116' known width 008 of the material strip 008 to be removed or removed; 008` can be determined using information about a part 008; relevant for determining the density ρ during sampling; 008' of the material layer 003; 003' swept angular range Δφ and a radius r of the roller 103; 003` is directly a measure of the area A and, together with the layer thickness, a measure of the volume V of the part 008 relevant and removed for determining the density ρ; 008` of the material layer 003; 003` can be determined. In determining the density ρ, the known width b008 can be used as the width b and, as a good approximation, the radius r can be directly the radius of the roller 103; 103 'in the area of the usable lateral surface itself or - e.g. B. slightly, for example around the average layer thickness d008 - radius corrected upwards. If the width b is known, the area A is determined for the above relationship z. B. according to: A = b · 2 r π · Δφ/360°.

In the case e.g. B. that there is no sufficiently straight side edge on the roller 103; 103' conveyed material layer 003; 003' is present and/or a width b008 of the material strip 008 to be removed is not known, for example a sensor system 804, e.g. B. an optically operating sensor 804 can be provided, through which the width b; b008 of the edge strip 008 to be removed; 008` or a gradient of width b; b008 or the side edge can be determined and z. B. an average width can be determined from this, whereby in the latter case the average width occurs as width b in the above relationship.

In an advantageous alternative for the case of an unknown and/or varying width b008 of the material strip 008, a sensor system 804 with corresponding evaluation means can be provided, through which, if the position of the cutting line s is known, taking into account the rotational movement over the angular range Δφ or a corresponding time interval Δt as well one above Radius r the area A is determined directly, e.g. B. integrated in the course of the rotational movement.

The sensor system 804 or the optically operating sensor 804 can be formed, for example, by a camera 804, in particular a line camera 804.

One is the current angular position φ of the roller 103; 103` representing information or the information about a part 008 relevant to the determination of the density ρ during the sampling; 008' of the material layer 003; 003' swept angular range Δφ can be fed to the data processing means 811, for example via a signal connection from an angular position sensor 813, which z. B. is coupled directly or indirectly to the roller axis of rotation, or via a signal connection from one of the angular positions of the roller 103; 103' intermediate or direct drive control.

The determination of the density ρ on a lateral surface of an above-mentioned roller 103; 103' conveyed material layer 003; 003' is thus done by the material layer 003; 003' bearing roller 103 on its lateral surface; 103' about its axis of rotation R103; R103' is rotated at a point on the circumference between a receiving and a downstream delivery of the material layer 003; 003` to another roller 103; 103' or to, for example, the above. carrier substrate 006, the material layer 003; 003` on all or part of 008; 008` of its width b003; b008 while rotating through a removal device 114; 114`; 116; 116' is removed from the lateral surface over an angular range Δφ, the mass m of the part 008 of the material layer 003 removed over the angular range Δφ is weighed; 003 'is determined, a layer thickness d is determined via a measuring device 806 before acceptance; d003; d008 of material layer 003; 003', preferably in the area to be removed, a surface A of the material layer 003 removed or to be removed in the angular range Δφ; 003` on the roller on z. B. one of the above Ways is determined, and finally from the area A, the mass m and the layer thickness a value for the density on the roller 103; 103' conveyed material layer 003; 003` is won.

The determined value for the density ρ can be used, for example, via a display device 812, e.g. B. a display 812, can be displayed and / or in a the coating device 100; 100* controlling control device can be used.

Using the above-mentioned device for determining the density ρ or a corresponding method, the density ρ and thus a quality of the z. B. in the above manner as a powder composite film 003; 003` and/or active material layer 003; 003, for example in the form of a dry film 003; 003` formed material layer 003; 003` is checked and, if necessary, countermeasures are taken if there is a deviation from a target value or permitted target range. These can e.g. B. if the density ρ is too low, for example an increase in pressure z. B. via the above-mentioned line force or a reduction in the gap width in the above-mentioned nip 104; 104' or e.g. B. if the density is too high, for example a reduction of a print z. B. via the above-mentioned line force or an increase in the gap width in a nip 104; 104` e.g. B. if the density ρ covering is too low neration of a gap width. Instead or in addition to this, there is also a modification of the powder composition and/or a temperature, e.g. B. one of the rollers 102 involved in the material layer formation; 102';103;103' and/or a modification of the above-mentioned speed difference between the rollers 102 involved in the material layer formation; 102';103;103' in question.

A machine for producing, especially in an inline process, a multi-layer product (see e.g. 3 , 10 , 15 or 16 ), which on at least one side of a carrier substrate 006 has an above-mentioned dry film 003; formed from a powder mixture; 003', preferably comprises a substrate feed 200, through which the carrier material 006 can be fed to the machine on the input side, a first substrate path section 300, via which the carrier substrate 006 is fed to an application stage 100; 100* for applying the dry film 003; 003' on at least one side of the carrier substrate 006 and a second substrate path section 400, via which the carrier material 006 provided with the dry film 003 on at least one side can be fed to a product holder 500, through which the product can be formed into product containers, e.g. B. can be combined into rolls or stacks.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the order level is 100; 100* in an above-mentioned version, design, configurations, embodiments or variant for the device 100 described above; 100* executed. Instead of the example in 3 shown order level 100 all versions, refinements, configurations, embodiments of the first group of exemplary embodiments can occur and instead of the examples in 10 , 15 or 16 Order level 100* shown includes all of the second group. In the in 15 and 16 Illustrated exemplary embodiments for the machine are also versions, refinements, configurations, embodiments or variants of the first group for the application stage 100, ie with separate application devices 101; 101', apply.

In an advantageous embodiment, the substrate feed 200 is formed by a substrate unwinder 200, in particular a reel changer 200, preferably by a reel changer 200 comprising several reel positions and/or qualified for a non-stop reel change. It can advantageously be a substrate guide element 202 designed as a motor-driven roller 202, in particular a pull roller 202, and/or a substrate guide element 203 in the form of a z. B. spring-loaded dancer roller 203 on a lever transverse to the substrate path. The carrier substrate web 006 is unwound on the substrate unwinder 200 and fed to the substrate path leading through the machine on the input side at the location of unwinding.

In the case of a substrate unwinder included and this z. B. structurally assigned pull roller 202 (see e.g. 3 or 10 ) this can be comprised by a traction mechanism 207, in particular a traction mechanism 207, which, for example, in addition to the traction roller 202, has a drive means, in particular drive motors, e.g. B. in the form of a servo output motor, and / or pressure rollers that can be adjusted to the pull roller 202 to increase the friction. The roller 202 or the drive means - depending on the web tension conditions and / or web tension requirements present before and after the roller 202 - can also be operated or operated as a generator or to inhibit the advance of the carrier substrate web 006, for example in the subsequent and z. B. up to a next clamping or web tension point extending substrate path section 300 or in a part of the substrate path section 300 formed by a subsequent substrate path section to build up or maintain a specific and / or desired web tension.

Structurally assigned to the substrate path in the roll unwinder 200, a substrate guide element 208 can be used in the substrate path as a measuring roller 208, e.g. B. Web tension measuring roller 208 (example for all versions, e.g. in 16 shown), be designed by which, for example, the web tension can be determined in order to z. B. to regulate the web tension e.g. B. about the conveying speed of individual units 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular motor-driven web guide elements 202; 308; 401; 502 to be used.

The substrate feed 200 designed as a roll changer 200 advantageously comprises a roll drive that is mechanically independent of the rest of the machine and/or driven by a single motor and/or a lifting device to support a roll loading and/or roll unloading process.

In an advantageous embodiment, a device for lateral web edge control 204 (as an example for all versions, for example in 15 shown), in particular a sensor system that detects a web edge and an actuator that causes a lateral offset of the carrier substrate, e.g. B. one A pair of turning bars that can be pivoted about an axis running perpendicular to the transport direction Ts can be provided. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the web edge control 204 is equipped with an gluing device 206, e.g. B. an adhesive table 206, combined.

Instead or additionally, in an advantageous embodiment, a spreading device, in particular a single- or multi-member web guiding element with a convex lateral surface, is provided in the substrate path section of the substrate feed 200 and/or in the first substrate path 300.

In an advantageous development, a one-part or multi-part pretreatment station 302, in particular a cleaning and/or deionization station 302, is provided in the first substrate path 300, through which the carrier substrate 006 is freed from surface contaminants, e.g. B. dust or cutting residue, and / or electrical charge carriers is or can be freed.

In the first substrate path 300, in particular downstream of any cleaning that may be provided, a measuring station 303, in particular with a sound- or radiation-based measuring device 303, is advantageously provided, through which the material thickness of the carrier material 006 is determined based on its strength and/or homogeneity in thickness and/or or can be checked for contamination and e.g. B. in the event of impermissible deviations from a target specification, an optical/and/or acoustic warning signal and/or an error signal is transmitted to a machine control and/or a control center.

For all versions of the machine, in an advantageous embodiment, a substrate guide element 208; 307 as measuring roller 307 (example for all versions, e.g. in 15 and 16 shown) can be designed, through which, for example, the web tension can be determined in order to z. B. to regulate the web tension e.g. B. about the conveying speed of individual units 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular motor-driven web guide elements 202; 308; 401; 502 to be used. Only one of the two measuring rollers 208; 307 or advantageously both measuring rollers 208; 307 can be provided, in the latter case z. B. the downstream measuring roller 307 is used to determine and / or regulate the web tension in the substrate path route upstream of the first or only application point.

In an advantageous development, the first substrate path 300 z. B. a pretreatment station 304 designed as an application station 304 is provided, through which the carrier material 006 can be acted upon on one or both sides with a binder and / or a primer. In this case, a dryer (not shown), e.g. B. a hot air or radiation dryer, may be provided directly downstream of the application station 304.

Basically independent of, but advantageously in conjunction with one or more of the other embodiment variants of the machine, in an advantageous development in the substrate path immediately before the application stage 100; 100*, i.e. H. e.g. B. downstream of the last substrate guide element 301 interacting with the carrier substrate web 006; 307, a thermal pretreatment station 306, in particular a temperature control station 306, e.g. B. an infrared radiation source 306, can be provided, through which the carrier material 006 can be heated above ambient temperature, in particular to over 60 ° C, preferably to at least 80 ° C. This can e.g. B. particularly advantageous for activating a connection-supporting or effecting agent 007 provided or applied to the carrier substrate 006; 007'. Basically independently of this, but advantageously in conjunction with such a temperature control station 306, a sensor 311 can be used to determine the temperature of the carrier substrate web 006, e.g. B. temperature sensor 311, in particular non-contact and / or radiation-based temperature sensor 311 may be provided. The sensor 311, e.g. B. as a temperature sensor 311 can be part of a control circuit for regulating the temperature of the carrier substrate web 006 with the possibly provided temperature control station 306.

Instead of a draw roller 202 or draw mechanism 207 associated with the substrate unwinder 200, or possibly in addition to this, a draw roller 308 or a draw mechanism 309 can be placed next to the substrate unwinder 200 and/or at the location of the first or only dry film application, ie the first or only one laminating gap 107; 107 ', leading substrate path section 300 may be provided. In the case of only one pull roller 202; 308 or just one traction mechanism 207; 309 in the substrate path between unwinding from roll 201 and entering the first or only laminating nip 107; 107 'can have such a pull roller 202; 308 or such a traction mechanism 207; 309 basically structurally the substrate unwinder 200, a between substrate unwinder 200, in particular from the unwinding, and application stage 100; 100*, especially the first or only place of order, extending substrate path section 300 or structurally just as well the application stage 100; 100* relatable. What is important here is that the first application point, ie the first or only laminating gap 107; 107 ', in the substart path such a pull roller 202; 308 or such a traction mechanism 207; 309 is arranged upstream, for example in order to build up or maintain a specific and/or desired web tension in the subsequent substrate path section or in a part of the substrate path section formed by a subsequent substrate path section. The traction mechanism has - in accordance with the traction mechanism 207 already described above - z. B. in addition to the pull roller 308, a drive means that drives the pull roller 308 - in particular independently of other pull rollers - and can be regulated and / or controlled in terms of speed, e.g. B. in the form of a servo output motor, and / or pressure rollers that can be adjusted to the pull roller 308 to increase the friction. The roller 308 or the drive means - depending on the web tension conditions and / or web tension requirements present before and after the roller 308 - can also be operated or operated in a generator or the feed of the carrier substrate web 006, for example in the subsequent and z. B. substrate path section extending up to a next clamping or web tension point or in a part of the substrate path section formed by a subsequent substrate path section to build up or maintain a specific and / or desired web tension.

In an advantageous embodiment, in the second substrate path 400, in particular in the substrate path immediately after the application stage 100; 100*, a calendering unit 600 with two calendering rolls 601 forming a calendering gap between them; 602 provided. This has e.g. B. the advantage that in the event that the desired density ρ is not produced during the dry film application, there is still an end product 001 or only an intermediate product 002 to be cut with the desired density ρ in the active material layer 003; 003` can be produced.

In the embodiment according to the invention, already mentioned above but not shown here, the advantage of which is e.g. B. lies in the independence of the processes and their optimization and thus in the quality and/or lower susceptibility to failure, in a system with several machines the first above-mentioned. Machine for coating a carrier substrate 006, in particular one mentioned above. Carrier substrate web 006, with a dry film 003; 003`, which consists of a powdery material 004; 004` is formed, which has a coating device 100; 100* in one of the above advantageous embodiments, and a separate, second machine for compressing the dry film 003; 003' by means of at least one calendering unit 600 provided in the substrate path of the second machine; 600* provided. Although these machines can in principle be provided at different locations, they are preferred - e.g. B. in the same plant building - in a plant or machine arrangement for producing a multi-layer product 001 with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate, in particular for producing an electrode strand 002 or electrode units 001. In this case, a product strand 002 that has not yet been further compressed, which is referred to here as a preliminary product, is used, for example. B. on the output side of the machine for coating in the product holder 500, which is designed in particular as a product winder 500, combined into a roll 501 of preliminary product, and this roll 501 is subsequently or at a later point in time fed to the second machine on the input side, in particular to a roll unwinder provided on the input side of this machine. The product strand 002 from the preliminary product is unwound there by a calendering unit 600 arranged in the substrate path; 600 ', and wound up on the output side as a fully compressed product strand 001 to form a product roll 501 or laid out after a cross-cutting possibly provided downstream of the calendering plant 600.

Regardless of whether the above-mentioned calendering process takes place inline in the same machine in which the dry film 003; 003' on the carrier substrate 006, or calendering in another, e.g. B. a calendering unit 600; 600* having second machine separately from the application, the calendering unit includes 600; 600* two rollers 601; 601*; 602; 602*, e.g. B. calender rolls 601; 601*; 602; 602*, of which e.g. B. at least one, preferably both, can be heated, in particular heated in such a way that their lateral surface - e.g. B. at an ambient temperature of 25°C - to at least 80°C, advantageously to at least 100°C, e.g. B. can even be moved to 120 ° and more and / or between which a pressure with a preferably adjustable line force of at least 500 N / mm, advantageously at least 700 N / mm, in particular at least 1000 N / mm, preferably up to at least 2000 N / mm , or in particular a line force between 500 N/mm and 3000 N/mm can be applied. The product strand 002, which is coated on at least one side, is passed through the calendering gap for the purpose of further compaction of the dry film 003; 003` can be passed through using pressure and/or a temperature that is higher than the ambient temperature. The calender rolls 601; 601*; 602; 602* indicate e.g. B. a diameter of at least 400 mm, in particular at least 500 mm, preferably at least 550 mm, and / or, for example, a usable one Width of z. B. at least 400 mm, in particular at least 500 mm, preferably at least 550 mm. For the production of the products mentioned 001; 002 is a concentricity per roller 601; 601*; 602; 602* with a maximum deviation of a maximum of ± 2 m, preferably a maximum of ± 1 mm, is particularly advantageous.

Basically independently of, but advantageously in conjunction with, one or more of the other embodiment variants of the machine, in an advantageous embodiment, a cooling device 402 is provided in the second substrate path 400, in particular in the substrate path after a possibly provided calendering unit 600, through which a product strand 002, passed through, is provided. e.g. B. can be cooled by at least 20 ° C, in particular by at least 50 ° C.

Basically independent of, but advantageously in conjunction with, one or more of the other embodiment variants of the machine, in an advantageous further development in the second substrate path 400 there is an inspection device 403, in particular based on an optical and/or acoustic measurement; 403.1; 403.2, e.g. B. with a sensor 403.1 directed to one side and a sensor 403.2 directed to the other side, through which the product surface is checked for defects, e.g. B. on the completeness of the area and/or thickness of the applied dry film 003; 003`, can be checked. The inspection device 403; 403.1; 403.2 can be used - such as Am 15 shown - in the substrate path downstream of the calendering unit 600 or - such as. Am 16 shown - in the substrate path downstream of the application stage 100; 100', however, may be provided upstream of the calendering unit 600. In the first case, errors caused by calendering can be detected, but in the second case, errors can be detected as early as possible in application stage 100; 100' caused errors.

Basically independent of, but also advantageously together with, other embodiment variants of the machine, but in particular in conjunction with an inspection device 403 provided on the substrate path; 403.1; 403.2, in an advantageous further development, a device for marking defects 412 is provided, for example by a printing device, e.g. B. an inkjet print head, or an insertion device can be formed, the latter being, for example, a physical marking means, e.g. B. a so-called marking flag, can be introduced onto the carrier substrate web 006.

For all versions of the machine, in an advantageous embodiment, at least one substrate guide element 409 can be designed as a measuring roller 409 in the second substrate path 400, through which, for example, the web tension can be determined in order to e.g. B. to regulate the web tension, e.g. B. about the relative conveying speed of individual units 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular motor-driven web guide elements 202; 308; 401; 502, to be used. Preferably, at least in the order level 100; 100*, in particular the substrate path section of the second substrate path section 400 downstream of the location of the last or only order and the substrate path section downstream of the calendering unit 600, in particular the location of calendering, but particularly preferably in both the substrate path section mentioned and in the substrate path section downstream of the calendaring section 600 at least one substrate guide element 409 as Measuring roller 409 is formed. Instead or in addition to this, a substrate guide element 507 structurally assigned to the product winder 500 can be designed as a measuring roller 507 arranged downstream of the calendering unit 600 in the substrate path.

In order to ensure optimal substrate flow through the application stage 100; 100* can be ensured in an advantageous embodiment in the second substrate path 400, preferably immediately behind the application stage 100; 100*, but in front of a possibly provided calendering unit 600, a substrate guide element 401 designed as a motor-driven pull roller 401 is provided. This can be comprised of a traction mechanism 411, which, for example, in addition to the traction roller 401, has a driving means which drives the traction roller 401 - in particular independently of other traction rollers - and can be regulated and/or controlled in terms of speed, e.g. B. in the form of a servo output motor, and / or pressure rollers that can be adjusted to the pull roller 401 to increase the friction. The roller 401 or the drive means - depending on the web tension conditions and / or web tension requirements present before and after the roller 401 - can in principle also be operated or operated in a generator or the feed of the carrier substrate web 006, but is here for the construction and / or maintaining a web tension on the upstream substrate path section by motor, i.e. H. conveying the carrier substrate web 006 in the transport direction Ts or with an advance compared to z. B. the speed at a pull roller 202 next upstream; 301 and/or the peripheral speed of the last or only laminating roller 107; 107' or the pair of laminating rollers 107; 107' operated or operable.

Alternatively or additionally, in a preferred embodiment, in the second substrate path 400 between the application stage 100; 100* and the calendering unit 600 a web tension compensation and/or control device 406 (e.g. in 15 shown as an example for all versions), with e.g. B. a dancer roller 407, which, for example, compensates for fluctuations in the web tension and / or the conveying speed of an upstream or downstream unit 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular motor-driven, web guide elements 202; 308; 401; 502 is adjustable.

For all versions and variants of the machine mentioned here, an embodiment is particularly advantageous in which between the only or last calendering unit 600; 600 and combining to form a product container 501, a measuring station 408 is provided in the product holder to determine the product strand thickness, in particular the total thickness (e.g. in 15 and 16 shown as examples for all versions).

Instead of or in addition to the above. Cooling device 402 in the second substrate path section 400 can have one or more cooling devices 402; 504 can also be provided in the substrate path section to be attributed to the product holder 500 or on its frame. Such a cooling device 504 can be formed, for example, by a substrate guide element 504 designed as a cooling roller 504. Alternatively, such a cooling device 504 - which can be assigned to the second substrate path section 400 or structurally to the product holder 500 - can also be provided by several successively partially wrapped tempered cooling rollers 504.1; 504.2 must be formed.

In further training can - e.g. B. downstream of the possibly provided cooling device 504 - sensor 508 for determining the temperature of the product 002, in particular the product strand 002, in the substrate path downstream of the possibly provided calendering unit 600, but at the latest before delivery, e.g. B. before winding up in the product winder 500. The sensor 508, e.g. B. as a temperature sensor 508, is in particular a non-contact and / or radiation-based temperature sensor 311, designed and / or can be part of a control circuit for regulating the temperature with the optionally provided cooling device 504.

In an advantageous embodiment, the product holder 500 is designed as a product winder 500, in particular in the manner of a roll changer 500.

Preferably, the product winder 500 is qualified for a non-stop roll change and/or comprises an above-mentioned substrate guide element 502 designed as a motor-driven pull roller 502 and/or a substrate guide element 503 in the form of a dancer roller 503 spring-loaded on a lever transverse to the substrate path.

In order to be able to ensure optimal substrate movement between the possibly provided calendering unit 600 and the winding on the product rewinder 500, in an advantageous embodiment, a substrate path section attributable to the product rewinder 500 can be used, preferably as the last substrate guide element 502 before winding up substrate guide element 502 designed as a motor-driven pull roller 502 is provided. This can be comprised of a traction mechanism 506, which, for example, in addition to the traction roller 502, has a drive means which drives the traction roller 502 - in particular independently of other traction rollers - and can be regulated and/or controlled in terms of speed, e.g. B. in the form of a servo output motor, and / or pressure rollers that can be adjusted to the pull roller 502 to increase the friction.

In an embodiment of a machine comprising a calendering unit 600, which is particularly advantageous for stable and low-interference continuous inline operation, there is an arrangement between the place of unwinding from the substrate roll 201 in the substrate unwinder 200 up to the entry into the single or first laminating gap 107; 107' of order level 100; 100* located first substrate path route, as well as in a second, between the location of the exit of the then at least one side with the dry film 003; 003 'provided carrier substrate web from the single or downstream last laminating gap 107; 107' of order level 100; 100* and the entry into the calendering gap between the two calendering rolls 601; 602 located substrate path path both at least one positively driven pull roller 202; 308; 401 and at least one measuring roller 208; 307; 409 is intended for determining web tension. In an advantageous development, the dry film 003 is also connected at least on one side between the location of the exit; 003' provided carrier substrate web 006 from the calendering gap and the place of winding onto the product roll 501 in the product winder 500, a third substrate path route, a positively driven pull roller 502 and / or a measuring roller 409; 507 is intended to determine web tension.

Preferably, a web tension control device (not shown here) is provided, which is provided on the input side with one or more measuring rollers 208; 307; 409 and on the output side each with a drive control that controls the roller drives, or a pull roller 202 provided in the first and the or one in the second substrate path section mentioned above; 308; 401 stand, and which in particular has data processing and / or electronic switching means that are set up by appropriate Controlling the drive control of the drive of one or more of the pull rollers 202; 308; 401 to build up and/or maintain a predetermined web tension and/or a web tension difference predetermined for the two substrate path routes in each of the two substrate path routes. In a further development, the web tension control device can also be equipped on the input side with one or more measuring rollers 409; 507 and on the output side with a drive control which controls the drive of the relevant pull roller 502 or a pull roller 502 provided in the third substrate path section mentioned above and z. B. can also be regulated by this with regard to a predetermined web voltage and / or a predetermined web voltage difference to the substrate path route arranged upstream.

For an embodiment of the machine according to the invention without a calendering unit downstream of the application stage 100; 100* is what was explained above for the signal connections and for setting up the web tension control device on one measuring and one draw roller 208; 307; 409; 507; 202; 308; 401; 502 in the first substrate path between unwinding and the location of the first application by the application stage 100; 100* and in a substrate path between the leaving of the only or last point of the dry film application by the application stage 100; 100* and winding in the roll winder 500.

As an alternative to designing the machine with a product holder 500 designed as a roll winder 500, in a particularly advantageous embodiment a cross-cutting device can be provided in the second substrate path 400 or at the entrance to the product holder 500, by means of which a product strand 002 produced in the machine can already be cut crosswise into product sections 001. The product holder 500 is z. B. designed as a stacking boom, in particular as a multiple stacking boom laying out several stacks one behind the other.

In a machine and/or device 100 described above; 100* becomes e.g. B. a web-shaped carrier substrate 006 continuously and preferably on both sides with a dry film 003; 003` is provided with a smaller width than the carrier substrate width, so that an uncoated edge of the carrier substrate remains on both sides.

Reference symbol list

001

Product, final product, product section, electrode unit, electrode

002

Product, intermediate product, product strand, electrode strand

003

Active material layer, material layer, dry film, powder composite film (especially solvent-free)

003`

Active material layer, material layer, dry film, powder composite film (especially solvent-free)

004

Material, powdery, powder mixture (especially dry)

004'

Material, powdery, powder mixture (especially dry)

005

-

006

Carrier substrate, carrier substrate web, current conductor substrate, current conductor film, web-shaped

007

Bonding promoting or bonding agent, primer, binder, adhesive

007`

Bonding promoting or bonding agent, primer, binder, adhesive

008

Part, strip of material, edge strip

100

Device for coating, coating device, application stage, unit, laminating unit, laminating unit

100*

Device for coating, coating device, application stage, unit, laminating unit, laminating unit

101

Commissioned work, first

101'

Commissioned work, second

102

Roller, first, metering roller

102`

Roller, first, metering roller

103

Roller, second, laminating roller, counter-pressure roller

103`

Roller, second, laminating roller, counter-pressure roller

104

Gap, first, film formation gap, metering gap, roller gap, nip

104`

Gap, first, film formation gap, metering gap, roller gap, nip

105

-

106

roller, counter-pressure roller

106'

roller, counter-pressure roller

107

Gap, second, application gap, laminating gap

107'

Gap, second, application gap, laminating gap

108

-

109

Actuator, actuator, position-based

109'

Actuator, actuator, position-based

110

-

111

Actuator, force based

111'

Actuator, force based

112

Actuating mechanism, bearing mechanism, linear bearing

112'

Actuating mechanism, bearing mechanism, linear bearing

113

Adjusting mechanism, bearing mechanism, three-ring bearing

113'

Adjusting mechanism, bearing mechanism, three-ring bearing

114

Removal device, squeegee, cleaning squeegee

114'

Removal device, squeegee, cleaning squeegee

115

-

116

Removal device, squeegee, side edge squeegee

116'

Removal device, squeegee, side edge squeegee

117

Collection device, collection tray

117'

Collection device, collection tray

118

Roller, further, calender roller

118'

Roller, further, calender roller

119

Slings, wedge sling

120

-

121

Substrate guide element, guide roller, deflection roller

122

Carriers, side parts (base frame)

122'

Carriers, side parts (base frame)

123

suction

123'

suction

124

Limit, side sign

125

-

126

Filling and/or storage space

127

Material acceptance

127`

Material acceptance

128

Frame (order level)

128.1

Partial frame, first

128.2

Partial frame, second

128.3

Partial frame, additional or third

128.4

Partial frame, fourth

129

Removal device, squeegee, cleaning squeegee

129'

Removal device, squeegee, cleaning squeegee

130

-

131

Rack wall

131.1

Rack wall

131.2

Rack wall

131.3

Rack wall

131.4

Rack wall

132

Drive means, path-based, motor, position-controlled and/or adjustable

132`

Drive means, path-based, motor, position and/or controllable

133

Drive means, force-based, cylinder-piston system, engine, torque-controlled and/or adjustable

133'

Drive means, force-based, cylinder-piston system, engine, torque-controlled and/or adjustable

134

Temperature control fluid line

135

-

136

Traverse, base plate

137

Traverse, cross member

138

Guide section, rail piece, guide, rail

139

support base

140

-

141

Adjusting device, pulling device, tensioning device

142

Pull and/or push rod

143

Pressure and/or tension plate

144

Pressure and/or tension plate

145

-

146

Actuating means, actuator, adjusting spindle

147

Bearing block

148

Drive motor, speed adjustable or controllable, servo motor

149

Drive motor, speed adjustable or controllable, servo motor

150

-

151

bearings, radial bearings

153

bearing point, rolling elements, sliding bodies,

154

storage area

200

Substrate feeder, substrate unwinder, reel changer

201

Roll, substrate roll

202

Substrate guide element, roller, pull roller, positively driven

203

Substrate guide element, dancer roller

204

Web edge control

205

-

206

Gluing device, gluing table

207

Pull mechanism, pull mechanism

208

Substrate guide element, measuring roller, web tension measuring roller

300

Substrate path section, conveyor path, first, upstream side, supply side

301

Substrate guide element, roller, guide roller, deflection roller

302

Pre-treatment station, cleaning station, deionization station

303

Measuring station (support substrate thickness)

304

Pre-treatment station, application station

305

-

306

Pre-treatment station, thermal, temperature control station, infrared radiation source

307

Substrate guide element, measuring roller, web tension measuring roller

308

Substrate guide element, roller, pull roller, positively driven

309

Traction mechanism

310

-

311

Sensor, temperature sensor

400

Substrate path section, conveyor section, second, downstream side, discharge side

401

Substrate guide element, roller, pull roller, positively driven

402

Cooling device

402*

Cooling device (alternative or additional)

403

Inspection facility

404

Substrate guide element, roller, guide roller, deflection roller

405

-

406

Web tension compensation and/or control device

407

dancer roller

408

Measuring station (product strand thickness)

409

Substrate guide element, measuring roller, web tension measuring roller

410

-

411

Traction mechanism

412

Marking of defects

500

Product intake, product rewinder, roll changer

501

Product container, roll, product roll

502

Substrate guide element, pull roller, positively driven

503

dancer roller

504

Cooling device, substrate guide element, roller, cooling roller

504.1

cooling roller

504.2

cooling roller

505

-

506

Traction mechanism

507

Substrate guide element, measuring roller, web tension measuring roller

508

Sensor, temperature sensor

600

Calendering unit, aggregate, calendering unit

600*

Calendering unit (alternative or additional), aggregate, calendering unit

601

Roller, calender roller, first, heated

601*

Roll, calender roll, first (alternative or additional)

602

Roller, calender roller, second, heated

602*

Roller, calender roller, second (alternative or additional)

603

Frame (calendering unit)

700

Device for feeding powdery material, powder feeding device

700`

Device for feeding powdery material, powder feeding device

701

Dispensing device, dosing device, dosing device with vibration drive dosing shaker

702

Conveyor device, linear conveyor, linear conveyor system, conveyor belt, conveyor belt system

702.1

Linear conveyor, first, conveyor belt, first

702.2

Linear conveyor, second, conveyor belt, second

703

Provision device, supply line, storage container, storage funnel

704

Dosing device, linear conveyor, vibration conveyor

705

Roller, deflection roller, drive roller

706

Vibration table

707

Drive means, drive device, vibration drive, vibrating drive

708

Removal device, removal squeegee

709

Drive means, drive motor

710

-

711

Insertion aid, funnel tray

712

Drive means, drive motor, servo motor

712.1

Drive means, drive motor, servo motor

712.1

Drive means, drive motor, servo motor

713

Sensor, level sensor, ultrasonic sensor

714

Sensor, level sensor, layer level sensor

715

Drive means, actuator

716

Limitation, lateral, lateral guidance

717

Limitation, lateral, lateral guidance

718

-

719

Drive means, actuator

720

-

721

Dosing device, adjusting mechanism

722

Drive means, servomotor

722.x

Drive means, servomotor

723

Control element, flap, slider

723.x

Actuator, flap segment, slider segment, actuator segment

724

Control and/or regulating device

725

-

726

Sensors, powder flow sensors, light barriers, light grids

727

Radiation source, light source

727.x

Radiation source, light source, extended, light bar

728

Sensor, radiation receiver, photodiode, phototransistor

728.x

Sensor, radiation receiver, extended, radiation receiver segments, radiation receiver array, photodiode array, line scan camera

729

Circuit elements, dead time element

730

-

731

Sensors, powder flow sensors

731.x

Sensors, powder flow sensors

732

Baffle element, baffle plate, baffle plate

732.x

Baffle element, baffle plate, baffle plate

733

Sensor, force transducer

733.x

Sensor, force transducer, extended, force transducer array

744

Distribution facility

745

-

746

traverse

747

Distribution tool, distribution finger

748

depression, groove

749

means of propulsion

750

-

751

Container, shaking tank

752

opening

753

Floor

754

Level sensor

755

-

756

Feed channel, filler neck, filler shaft, pipe

756.1

Canal section

756.2

Canal section

757

outlet

758

Guide, longitudinal board

759

Level sensor

760

-

761

Sensor, camera, line scan camera

762

Actuator, valve, ball or flat slide valve, pinch valve

763

Actuator, proportional drive

764

opening

765

-

766

shaft

767

partition wall

768

Slide, spindle slide

769

threaded spindle

770

-

771

Drive means, motor, servo motor (reversible)

772

Coupling, axis

773

Support, bracket

801

Measuring arrangement for determining a density

802

Weighing device, scales

803

Weighing container, weighing bowl

804

Sensor technology, sensor, optical, camera, line camera

805

-

806

Measuring device, ultrasound-based, inductive, capacitive

807

Control device

808

Separation device, rejection device, switch, diverter

809

Scale

810

-

811

data processing means

812

Display device, display

813

Angle position sensor

814

Drive means, tilt drive

815

-

816

Material intake, container

817

Switch tongue, slider, floor

818

Drive means, cylinder-piston system

b

Width

b151

Support width

d

Strength, layer thickness

b003

Width (003; 003`)

b006

Width (006)

b008

Width (008)

d003

Thickness, layer thickness (003)

d003'

Thickness, layer thickness (003`)

d006

Strength (006)

d008

Thickness, layer thickness (008)

F

Measurand, force

F.x

Measurand, force

G

level

I

Measurand, radiation intensity

I.x

Measurand, radiation intensity

K

Circle line

α

Angle, angle of inclination

φ

Angular position

ρ

density

r

radius

m

Dimensions

R12

control loop

R14

control loop

R15

control loop

R17

control loop

R34

control loop

R35

control loop

R37

control loop

R82

control loop

R85

control loop

RS

radius

S1

Signal connection, sensor signal

S2

Signal connection, control signal

S3

Signal connection, sensor signal

S4

Signal connection, control signal

S5

Signal connection, control signal

S6

Signal connection, control signal

S7

Signal connection, control signal

S8

Signal connection, sensor signal

s

cutting line

t

Time

t1

Timing, first

t2

Timing, second

S

Pivot axis

T.S

Transport direction (carrier substrate 006)

TP

Conveying direction (powdered material 004)

v

Size representing machine speed

Claims (4)

System for producing a carrier substrate (006) coated with a dry film (003; 003`) with a first machine, through which a web-shaped carrier substrate (006) is coated on one or both sides with an active material (004; 004`) in the form of a dry film (003 ; 003`) can be coated, the first machine comprising a substrate unwinder (200) on the input side, from which the carrier substrate (006) can be unrolled and along a substrate path through at least one coating device (100; 100*) and without a calendering mechanism (600; 600 *) can be passed through to a roll winder (500) on the output side, through which the coated carrier substrate (006) can be wound up as an intermediate product (001) into a roll (501), characterized in that a second machine is provided, through which intermediate product (002) obtained from the first machine on the output side can be further compressed, as well as logistics through which the intermediate product obtained from the first machine can be conveyed from the first machine directly or via a storage area to the second machine, and that one in each of the first machines Measuring and a pull roller (208; 307; 409; 507; 202; 308; 401; 502) in the first substrate path section between unwinding and the point of the first application by the application stage (100; 100*) and in a substrate path section between leaving the only or last point of the dry film application by the application stage (100; 100*) and the winding up Roll winder (500) and a web tension control device are provided, which are provided on the input side with one or more measuring rollers (208; 307; 409) provided in the first and one in the second substrate path section and on the output side with one or more drive controls that control roller drives the first and one or more pull rollers (202; 308; 401) provided in the second substrate path section. Plant according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the coating device (100; 100*) has an applicator (101; 101`), which comprises a first roller (102) and a second roller (103), which in the nip between their lateral surfaces has a first roller used for film formation Form a gap (104; 104'), through which powdery material (004) can be conveyed in order to form a first dry film (003'), and a roller (103'; 106) which acts as a counter-pressure roller (103'; 106), which with the second roller (103) or one of the second rollers (103), viewed downstream in the direction of the material flow, forms a second gap (107), through which a carrier substrate (106) to be coated can be guided and with which in the first gap (104; 104 `) formed dry film (106) can be acted upon. Plant according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the second machine comprises a substrate unwinder on the input side, from which the web-shaped intermediate product (002) can be unwound and guided along a substrate path through at least one calendering unit (600) to a roll winder on the output side or to a delivery via a cross-cutting device. Plant according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the calendering unit (600) comprises two rollers (601; 602), at least one of which can be heated in such a way that its lateral surface can be brought to a temperature of at least 80 ° C, and / or between which there is a pressure with a Line force of at least 1000 N/mm can be applied, and / or whose diameter is at least 400 mm and / or which have a concentricity with a maximum deviation of a maximum of ± 2 mm.

Images