DE102022118687A1 - Device for feeding powdery material into a nip and coating device with such a device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for feeding powdery material into a roll gap which is formed between a first roll and a second roll, with a powder feed device from which powdery material can be fed to the roll gap or an insertion aid provided above it on a feed width running transversely to the conveying direction, wherein the powdery material leaving the powder feed device downstream can be fed to the nip or the insertion aid provided above it via a fall path, and wherein on the fall path there is a powder stream directed towards the fall path of the powder stream emerging from the powder feed device and to be fed to the nip or the insertion aid arranged above it and one the powder stream Sensor technology providing the characterizing variable is provided. The invention further relates to a coating device with such a device.

Description

The invention relates to a device for feeding powdery material into a nip and a coating device with such a device according to the preamble of claims 1 or 8.

Through the DE 10 2017 208 220 A1 a device and a method for coating a carrier substrate are known, wherein a dry film is formed in a gap between a first and a second roller and, in one embodiment, is transferred to the carrier substrate in a gap with a further roller. The rollers are operated at a differential speed to form fibrils.

The US 2015/0224529 A1 discloses a device for coating an object to be coated with coating material, the coating material containing, among other things, 20 to 65% by volume of water. The layer is formed between a first and a second roller, the first roller having improved transfer properties, e.g. B. has a rougher surface and the rollers can be operated at different speeds.

In the WO 2020/150254 A1 A film is created by calendering a powder mixture and wound onto a roll to be fed as such to a further process in which it can be laminated onto a collector. In one embodiment, the powder mixture is placed on a belt and guided into the nip of two rollers.

The JP 57 72 427 B2 relates to a powder rolling device for producing an electrode material from powder. Powder is conveyed into a central area of a feed hopper by a central vibration conveyor and into the edge areas by two external vibration conveyors.

The WO 01/32312 A1 discloses a roller mill for grinding granular materials, in particular grain, with a feed device having an opening through which the grain can be dispensed into a grinder formed by two rollers. The feed device includes a vibration drive for generating a vibration movement of the feed device.

The invention is based on the object of creating a device for feeding powdery material into a nip and a coating device with such a device.

The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claims 1 and 8, respectively.

The advantages that can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that such a coated carrier substrate can be produced continuously and reliably by means of the device and/or in a machine.

A particularly preferred method for feeding powdery material into a nip comprises a dispensing device having a vibration conveyor, through which powdery material to be conveyed into the nip can be dispensed at a delivery width viewed parallel to the nip, with downstream of the dispensing device and upstream of the nip in the conveying path of the powdery material a conveyor device formed by a conveyor belt is provided, via which powdered material can be fed directly or indirectly to the nip or an insertion aid provided above it or via one or more further conveyor devices on a feed width running transversely to the conveying direction.

Alternatively or in addition to this, a particularly preferred device for feeding powdery material into a roll nip comprises a dispensing device through which powdery material to be conveyed into the roll gap can be delivered to a conveyor device, wherein above the conveyor device in the conveying direction between the point of material supply to the conveyor device and a delivery point to a further conveyor device or in the nip or in an insertion aid provided above, a removal device is provided which extends horizontally over at least one conveyor width and is adjustable at a distance from the conveyor device.

Alternatively or in addition to one or more of the above-mentioned embodiments, a particularly preferred device for feeding powdery material into a roll nip comprises a powder feed device, from which powdery material can be fed to the roll gap or an insertion aid provided above it on a feed width running transversely to the conveying direction, whereby the Powdery material leaving the powder feed device downstream can be fed to the nip or the insertion aid provided above it via a fall path, and a sensor system with an impact element arranged in the fall path is provided on the fall path of the powder stream emerging from the powder feed device and to be fed to the nip or the insertion aid arranged above it with a sensor designed as a force transducer to record the force on the impact element through the pulse The force exerted by electricity is effectively connected. Alternatively, a sensor system directed at the fall path of the powder stream emerging from the powder feed device and to be fed to the roll gap or the insertion aid arranged above it can be provided on the fall path.

A preferred device for coating, in particular dry coating, a, in particular web-shaped, carrier substrate, with a dry film, in particular a powder composite film, comprises at least a first applicator through which a, in particular solvent-free and/or dry, powder mixture is initially applied, in particular by pressing and/or or using a pressing force, can be processed into a dry film and subsequently this dry film can be applied to a first side of the carrier substrate, in particular by pressing and / or using a pressing force.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the device, a dry film can be produced on both sides of the carrier substrate in the same machine independently of the production of the other by a respective applicator.

A machine for producing a multi-layer product, which has a dry film formed from a powder mixture on at least one side of a carrier substrate, comprises a substrate feed, through which the carrier material can be fed to the machine on the input side, a first substrate path section, via which the carrier substrate can be fed to an application stage, through which at least one dry film can be produced and applied to at least one side of the carrier substrate, and a second substrate path section, via which the carrier material provided with the dry film on at least one side can be fed to a product holder, through which the product can be combined into product containers. Preferably, a one-part or multi-part pretreatment station is provided in the first substrate path section, through which the carrier substrate 006 is or can be freed of surface contaminants and/or electrical charge carriers on one or both sides in a contactless or contacting process, and/or a measuring station which the material thickness of the carrier material can be checked for its strength and/or homogeneity in strength and/or for impurities.

Alternatively or additionally, a calendering unit with two calendering rolls is preferably provided in the second substrate path section downstream of the application stage, at least one of which is heatable and/or between which a pressing with an adjustable line force of e.g. B. at least 5.0 kN / cm can be applied, and / or a cooling device through which a product strand passed through can be cooled

This means, for example, B. inline production of the product is possible, which ensures particularly good adhesion and/or damage-free product delivery. The former takes place e.g. B. by additional heat and / or pressure treatment, second z. B. by temperature control, especially cooling before collecting in the container, especially the roll.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment for a device for coating, in particular dry coating, a web-shaped carrier substrate with a powder composite film, with at least one first applicator, through which a dry powder mixture can first be processed into a dry film and subsequently this dry film in a laminating gap between a laminating roller of the first applicator and a first counter-pressure roller can be applied to a first side of the carrier substrate, and a second applicator is provided in the substrate path, through which a dry powder mixture can first be processed into a second dry film and applied to the other side of the carrier substrate, the second applicator comprises one of the first counter-pressure roller, different second counter-pressure roller, which forms a second laminating gap with a laminating roller of the second applicator, in which the second dry film can be applied to a second side of a carrier substrate guided through the second laminating gap.

In addition to this or alternatively, in another particularly advantageous embodiment for the device for coating, in particular dry coating, a carrier substrate with a powder composite film, with at least a first applicator, which comprises a first roller and a second roller, which takes part in film formation in the nip between their lateral surfaces serving first gap, through which a dry powder mixture can be conveyed in order to form a first dry film, and with a first counter-pressure roller, which forms a second gap with the second roller or a further roller arranged between the second counter-pressure roller and the second roller, through which a carrier substrate to be coated can be guided and can be acted upon by the dry film formed in the first gap, the first gap between the first and second roller can be adjusted on the basis of a position-based actuator, ie adjustable to a constant and / or defined gap width, and the second gap between the counter-pressure roller and the second or a further roller of the first applicator located in between can be adjusted on the basis of a force-based actuator, ie adjustable to a constant and/or defined setting or line force.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines herzustellenden Produktes;
• 2 eine Prinzipskizze für die Erzeugung und den Auftrag eine Trockenfilmes;
• 3 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Maschine zur Herstellung eines mehrlagigen Produktes mit einem auf einem Trägersubstrat aufgebrachten Trockenfilm mit einer Auftragstufe gemäß einer Ausführung einer ersten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 4 eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Auftragstufe erster Ausführung aus 3;
• 5 eine alternative Ausführung einer Ausführung der ersten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 6 eine weitere alternative Ausführung der Ausführung einer ersten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 7 eine weitere alternative Ausführung der Ausführung einer ersten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 8 eine Prinzipskizze für eine Ausführung einer zweiten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 9 eine Prinzipskizze für eine weitere Ausführung einer zweiten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 10 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Maschine zur Herstellung eines mehrlagigen Produktes mit einem auf einem Trägersubstrat aufgebrachten Trockenfilm mit einer Auftragstufe gemäß einer Ausführung der zweiten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 11 eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Auftragstufe aus 10 mit paarweise Kopplung zweier Walzen in einer ersten Ausgestaltung;
• 12 eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Auftragstufe aus 10 mit paarweise Kopplung zweier Walzen in einer ersten Ausgestaltung;
• 13 eine Darstellung von schräg unten mit Abnahmeeinrichtungen;
• 14 eine Schrägansicht eines Produktabschnittes geringfügig seitlichem Primerüberstand;
• 15 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Maschine zur Herstellung eines mehrlagigen Produktes mit einem auf einem Trägersubstrat aufgebrachten Trockenfilm mit einer Auftragstufe gemäß einer Ausführung der zweiten Gruppe von Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 16 ein schematisch dargestelltes Auftragwerk mit einer ersten Ausführung einer Vorrichtung zur Zufuhr pulverförmigen Materials in den Walzenspalt;
• 17 ein schematisch dargestelltes Auftragwerk mit einer im Fallweg vorgesehenen Sensorik in einer ersten Ausführung;
• 18 ein schematisch dargestelltes Auftragwerk mit einer im Fallweg vorgesehenen Sensorik in einer zweiten Ausführung.

Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of a product to be manufactured;
• 2 a basic sketch for the production and application of a dry film;
• 3 an exemplary embodiment of a machine for producing a multi-layer product with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate with an application stage according to an embodiment of a first group of exemplary embodiments;
• 4 an enlarged view of the first execution order stage 3 ;
• 5 an alternative embodiment of an embodiment of the first group of embodiments;
• 6 a further alternative embodiment of the embodiment of a first group of embodiments;
• 7 a further alternative embodiment of the embodiment of a first group of embodiments;
• 8th a schematic sketch for an implementation of a second group of exemplary embodiments;
• 9 a schematic sketch for a further embodiment of a second group of exemplary embodiments;
• 10 an exemplary embodiment of a machine for producing a multi-layer product with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate with an application stage according to an embodiment of the second group of exemplary embodiments;
• 11 an enlarged view of the order stage 10 with pairwise coupling of two rollers in a first embodiment;
• 12 an enlarged view of the order stage 10 with pairwise coupling of two rollers in a first embodiment;
• 13 a representation from diagonally below with removal devices;
• 14 an oblique view of a product section with a slight lateral primer protrusion;
• 15 a further exemplary embodiment of a machine for producing a multi-layer product with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate with an application stage according to an embodiment of the second group of exemplary embodiments;
• 16 a schematically illustrated applicator with a first embodiment of a device for supplying powdery material into the nip;
• 17 a schematically illustrated applicator with a sensor system provided in the fall path in a first embodiment;
• 18 a schematically shown applicator with a sensor system provided in the fall path in a second version.

The devices or machines described below involve the production of electrode units 001 electrochemical storage, as used in particular in batteries or accumulators, such as. B lithium-sulfur, sodium ions or in particular lithium-ion batteries, as well as in solid-state batteries, are used.

A product to be manufactured by a machine mentioned below 001; 002 can, for example, be replaced by something that is still to be cut, e.g. B. web-shaped intermediate product 002, e.g. B. a product strand 002 designed as an electrode strand 002, or by sheet-shaped end products 001 that have already been cut in the machine, e.g. B. product sections 001 formed as electrode units 001.

To produce such products 001; 002 with on a carrier substrate 006, preferably carrier substrate web 006, e.g. B. a current conductor substrate 006 formed by, for example, a current conductor film 006, dry film 003 applied on one or both sides; 003` is now a device 100; 100* for coating, coating device 100 for short; 100*, in particular for dry coating, of a particularly web-shaped, e.g. B. above-mentioned carrier substrate 006, with a dry film 003; 003', in particular a powder composite film 003, which comprises at least a first applicator 101 through which powdery, preferably dry, material 004; 004', in particular a preferably solvent-free and/or dry powder mixture 004; 004', can initially be processed into a dry film 003, in particular by pressing and/or using a pressing force, and subsequently this dry film 003; 003' can be applied to a first side of the carrier substrate 006, in particular by pressing and / or using a contact pressure. A dry film to be applied 003; 003', for example, should have a thickness of 20 µm to 240 µm, preferably 40 µm to 100 µm, after application and pressing.

An above-mentioned powder mixture 004, in particular present as a dry powder; 004 'comprises - in particular for the production of electrode units 01 for lithium-ion batteries or accumulators - for example over ninety percent by weight of an active material such as. B. one or more of the lithium compounds lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese oxide, nickel-rich lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide, lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminum oxide, lithium-cobalt oxide, lithium-manganese-nickel oxide and / or lithium titanate, a few, e.g . B. three percent by weight of a lead additive, e.g. B. graphite or so-called CNTs, i.e. H. multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and a few, e.g. B. two percent by weight of a plastic that acts as a binder in the later powder composite, e.g. B. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

The carrier substrate 006 represents z. B. at the same time represents the current-dissipating layer of the electrode unit 001 and is z. B. by film, fleece or fabric-like electrically conductive material, e.g. B. formed from a metal. It is Z. B. - in particular for the production of electrode units 01 for lithium-ion batteries or accumulators - made of aluminum or copper and / or, for example, has a thickness d006 of 5 to 16 μm. In the case of the production of an anode, it is in particular made of aluminum with z. B. a thickness d006 of, for example, in the range of 5 to 13 μm and in the case of producing a cathode, in particular made of aluminum with z. B. a thickness d006 in the range of 7 to 16 µm.

In a preferred embodiment, the carrier substrate 006 has at least the dry film 003; 003` surface area to be coated a superficial coating with a connection supporting or effecting agent 007; 007`, e.g. B. a binder 007; 007`, a primer 007; 007` or an adhesive 007; 007`, on. One such remedy 007; 007` can be formed by a thermoplastic or reactive binder or primer and e.g. B. include a thermoplastic component and / or a thickness d007 of only a few µm, e.g. B. have at most 5 µm, in particular at most 3 µm.

A thickness d003; d003' of the active material layer 003; 003' of product 001; 002, d. H. the electrode unit 001 or the electrode strand 002, is, for example, at most 240 µm, in particular at most 150 µm, preferably at a maximum of 100 µm and/or is, for example, at least 20 µm, in particular at least 30 µm, preferably at least 40.

An overall strength of the z. B. product 001 coated on both sides; 002 is e.g. B. up to 500 µm, in particular up to 320 µm, preferably up to 220 µm and/or at least 50 µm, in particular at least 70 mm, preferably at least 90 µm.

In order to ensure an effective manufacturing process, web-shaped carrier material 006 is preferably converted into one of the above. Final or intermediate product processed, which e.g. B. has a width of at least 500 mm, in particular at least 600 mm, in a particularly advantageous embodiment even at least 1,200 mm. For example, the carrier material 006 is not covered with the dry film 003 over its entire width; 003 'coated, but only up to a free edge area in which the surface of the metallic conductive carrier material 006 is free and - e.g. B. for connection purposes with lines - remains accessible.

For the above-mentioned production of a dry film 003, a first roller 102, in particular a metering roller 102, and a second roller 103, in particular a laminating roller 103 of the first applicator 101 are provided in such a way that they have a first gap 104, in particular a first film formation gap 104, in the nip between their lateral surfaces , form, through which the z. B. powder mixture 004 conveyed into the nip can be conveyed through a device for supplying powdery material 700, briefly powder supply device 700 (see, for example, powder mixture 004). 2 ). A clear width of the first gap 104 at its narrowest point determines the - if necessary compared to the thickness in the later product 001; 002 even greater - thickness of the dry film 003 before it passes an application point at which it is applied - in particular under pressure - to the carrier substrate 006.

The application point is here preferably directly by a nip of the second roller 103, in this case acting as a laminating roller 103, with a counter-pressure roller 106; 103' effective roller 106; 103 formed or by a roller which interacts directly with the second roller or indirectly via one or more further rollers and acts as a laminating roller with a roller as a counter-pressure roller 106; 103' effective roller 106; 103 (not shown here). The second or further roller that acts as a laminating roller 003 and that acts as a counter-pressure roller 106; 103 effective roller 106; 103 form a second gap 107, in particular a laminating gap, in the nip between their lateral surfaces 107, through which the carrier substrate 006 can be guided and, in particular, from the counter-pressure roller 106; 103 opposite side, with the over the first film formation gap 104 formed, z. B. at least 40 µm thick, e.g. B. between 50 µm to 200 µm, in particular 60 to 120 µm thick dry film 003 can be acted upon.

The order level 100; In a preferred embodiment, 100* includes a second applicator 101' (see, for example, 3 until 13 ), through which also a, in particular solvent-free and / or dry, e.g. B. by a second device for supplying powdery material 700 ', powder feed device 700 ' for short, powder mixture 004 ' first conveyed into the nip, in particular by pressing and / or using a pressing force, to form a second dry film 003 '; 003 can be processed and subsequently this second dry film 003 '; 003 can be applied to the other, second side of the carrier substrate 006, in particular by pressing and / or using a contact pressure. In principle, this can be the same or a different powder mixture 004' from the first powder mixture 004'.

Also in the second applicator 101', a first roller 102', in particular metering roller 102', and a second roller 103', in particular laminating roller 103', are preferably provided in such a way that they have a first gap 104', in particular second film formation gap, in the nip between their lateral surfaces Form 104', through which the powder mixture 004' can be conveyed to form the second dry film 003'.

Here too, the second roller 003 'of the second applicator 101' can create a gap 107 in the nip between its lateral surfaces, directly or indirectly via one or more other rollers and acting as a laminating roller (not shown here). '; Gap 107 with a counter-pressure roller 106 '; 103 effective, roller 106 '; 103 form, through which the carrier substrate 006 can be guided and, in particular, from the second counter-pressure roller 106 '; 103 facing away from the second side, with the second film formation gap 104 '; 104 formed second dry film 003 'can be acted upon.

In a first group of exemplary embodiments for the coating device 100 (see e.g. 3 until 7 ) a second gap 107' is formed by a second laminating gap 107' which is different from the first laminating gap 107' and has a second roller 106', in particular a second roller 106' which acts as a counter-pressure roller 106 and is different from the first counter-pressure roller 106, through which the Carrier substrate 006 can be guided and, in particular on the second side facing away from the second counter-pressure roller 106 ', can be acted upon by the second dry film 003' formed via the second film-forming gap 104 '. In this version there are two independent application units 101; 101' is provided for the two sides of the carrier substrate 106. It is therefore possible in the relevant laminating gap 107; 107' independently sets different conditions for the respective order. This is z. B. a different pressing or line force and/or temperature can be adjusted if necessary.

For such an embodiment - e.g. B. with regard to a large wrap - in the respective applicator 101; 101` the metering roller 102; 102, the laminating roller 103; 103` and the latter with the laminating gap 107; 107 'forming counter-pressure roller 106; 106 'in a first embodiment variant can be arranged relative to one another in such a way that the axes of rotation of the adjacent rollers 102; 103; 106; 102';103'; 106 'connecting planes intersect at an angle α, which z. B. between 40° and 130°, in particular between 70° and 110°, preferably between 80° and 100°. A large wrap can ensure better heat transfer from a possibly temperature-controlled counter-pressure roller 106; 106' and/or an improved -z. B. require flutter-free opening and closing (see e.g. 3 until 5 ).

So the respective counter-pressure roller 106; 106' e.g. B. below the laminating roller 103; 103 'be arranged so that the axes of rotation of the two rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' connecting plane deviates from the vertical by a maximum of ± 30°, in particular a maximum of ± 15°. The pressing force in the laminating gap and gravity predominantly act in the same direction.

In a second - e.g. B. advantageous in terms of the effective forces and load directions - embodiment variants are in the respective applicator 101; 101' the metering roller 102; 102, the laminating roller 103; 103` and the latter with the laminating gap 107; 107 'forming counter-pressure roller 106; 106' e.g. B. arranged in such a way that the axes of rotation of the adjacent pairs of rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106 'connecting planes intersect at most at an acute angle α, which is a maximum of 20 °, in particular at 0 °, so that the axes of rotation of the three rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106' of the same application work 101; 101' lie on the same level. The arrangement is therefore very rigid, since the forces and counterforces are at least predominantly directed in opposite directions.

The two commissioned works 101 lie there; 101` with their laminating rollers 103; 103` on under different sides of the substrate path and can be arranged one above the other in such a way that the two laminating gaps 107; 107' in one embodiment lie vertically directly one above the other (see e.g. 6 ) or in another embodiment horizontally, in particular by at least half and at most one and a half laminating roller diameter, are offset from one another (see e.g. 7 ). Based 7 is e.g. B. also a substrate guide that can be transferred to other versions is indicated as an example by a dashed line, through which a larger wrap angle and thus better heat transfer and / or more stable run-up can be achieved. For this purpose, the substrate path is or is deflected by an additional substrate guide element 121 in such a way that the transport direction Ts when hitting the following roller 106; 106 'is inclined by at least 45 ° to the transport direction Ts of the outgoing substrate 006.

In addition to the metering roller 102; 102', the second roller 103; 103' or a roller that interacts with the second roller directly or indirectly via one or more further rollers and acts as a laminating roller can, in an advantageous further development, be a further roller 118; 118' (see, for example, all examples of the first group in 5 ) be provided, which in an operational manner, ie during production operation, the dry film 003; 003' leading peripheral section between metering gap 104; 104' and laminating gap 107; 107' of the laminating roller 103; 103' in the manner of a calender roll 118; 118' to one on the laminating roller 103; 103' feeding or guided dry film 003; 003` can be set.

For the above Designs, design variants and shapes can be used in a first configuration for roller storage, the laminating roller 103; 103' of the respective commissioned work 101; 101 'with its axis of rotation operationally stationary, although its position can be adjusted if necessary, and the metering roller 102; 102' and the counter-pressure roller 106; 106' via respective bearing mechanisms 112; 112'; 113; 113` and/or actuators 109; 109`; 111; 111' each in a direction with at least one movement component to the associated laminating roller 103; 103' can be mounted to and/or away from this.

For setting the respective metering roller 102; 102' to the second roller 103; In a first embodiment, 103' is a position-based actuator 109; 109' provided, i.e. H. an actuator 109; 109 ', via which a defined position for the component to be placed can be approached. Such a position-based actuator 109; 109' can e.g. B. be realized by a drive means, e.g. B. drive motor, itself can assume a defined and predeterminable position, as is possible, for example, for a position-controllable servo drive or motor, or in that an adjustment path is limited at least to the relevant side by a stop that can be adjusted via drive means and which determines the end position defined and against which the component to be placed in terms of position by means of a z. B. force-based or non-positional drive means is provided or can be adjusted. The roller is 102; 102', for example in or on an adjusting mechanism 113; 113 'stored, which has the travel z. B. positionally accurate bearing mechanism 113; 113` is formed. Such is the case - especially for small travel distances with large forces - e.g. B. advantageously by a bearing 113 comprising an eccentric; 113', e.g. B. a three-ring bearing 113; 113' given. With regard to e.g. B. to a position that is parallel to the direction of adjustment and therefore more direct in terms of the adjustment path, a linear bearing 113 running in the direction of adjustment can instead be used; 113` can be an advantage.

For setting the respective counter-pressure roller 106; In this first, advantageous embodiment, 106' is a force-based actuator 111; 111, provided, i.e. H. an actuator 111; 111 ', via which the abutment can be applied with a defined force. Such - in particular at least one-sided - force-based actuator 111; 111' can e.g. B. be realized by a drive means, e.g. B. a drive motor, itself can apply a defined and predeterminable force, as is possible, for example, for a torque-adjustable or -controllable, in particular torque-adjustable or -controllable servo drive or motor, or in that an actuating force is applied to the relevant side by a means a drive means that can be actuated by pressure medium, e.g. B. by a pneumatically or hydraulically operated cylinder-piston system, against the other roller 103; 103 'can be adjusted, the pressure of the drive means preferably being adjustable. The counter roller 106; 106 'is, for example, in or an adjusting mechanism 112; 112 'mounted, which is based on the actuating force, i.e. H. without additional mechanical limitation of the travel, implementing bearing mechanism 112; 112' is formed. Such can e.g. B. - at least on one side, but preferably on both sides - by a linear bearing 112; 112' trained bearing mechanism 112; 112' can be advantageously formed.

In a second embodiment, however, the metering roller 102; 102' force-based and the counter-pressure roller 106; 106 can be position-based adjustable. This is what the above is for. to be transferred and applied in the respective correspondence.

In a third embodiment, however, both rollers 102; 102';106; 106 force-based and in a fourth embodiment both rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106 can be position-based adjustable. For this purpose, the above must be transferred and applied in the respective correspondence.

In a particularly advantageous fifth embodiment, at least the metering roller 102; 102' and/or at least for setting the counter-pressure roller 106; 106' is a combined actuator mechanism 112; 113; 112; 113 and/or a combined actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111 'provided, which or which optionally position-based positioning of the relevant roller 102; 102'; 106; 106' via a position-based actuator 109; 109' and force-based positioning via a force-based actuator 111; 111' allowed. Such a combined actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111 'can be used, for example, by a force-based actuator 111; 111' with an adjusting mechanism 112; 112' can be formed, in the positioning path of which a stop that can be positioned via drive means can optionally be inserted to limit the position. Alternatively, there is also an actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' is advantageous, which comprises as a drive means a motor, in particular a servo motor, which can be operated either in a position-controlled or controlled or torque-controlled or controlled manner.

In a second configuration for roller storage, the counter-pressure roller 106; 106' of the respective commissioned work 101; 101 'with its axis of rotation operationally stationary, although possibly adjustable, and the laminating rollers 103; 103 'with each assigned metering roller 102; 102' via respective common bearing mechanisms 112; 112' and/or actuators 111; 111' in pairs in a direction with at least one movement component to the associated counter-pressure roller 106; 106' back and/or away, and in addition to this the respective metering rollers 102; 102` via bearing mechanisms 113; 113` and/or actuators 109; 109' in a direction with at least one movement component to the respectively assigned laminating roller 103; 103' can be mounted to and/or away from this.

In a first, advantageous embodiment, the respective metering roller 102; 102 'for this purpose, a position-based actuator 109 in the above sense; 109', e.g. B. on one or both sides by a three-ring bearing 113; 113` or by a linear bearing 113; 113' formed bearing mechanism 113; 113` should be provided. For placing the laminating rollers 103 in pairs; 103 'with each assigned metering roller 102; 102' a force-based actuator 111; 111 be provided in the above sense.

In a second embodiment, however, the metering roller 102; 102' force-based and the pair of rollers 103, 102; 103 ', 102 can be position-based adjustable. This is what the above is for. to be transferred and applied in the respective correspondence.

In a third embodiment, however, the metering roller 102; 102` and the pair of rollers 103, 102; 103 ', 102 force-based and in a fourth embodiment the metering roller 102; 102` and the pair of rollers 103, 102; 103 ', 102 can be position-based adjustable. This is what the above is for. to be transferred and applied in the respective correspondence.

In a particularly advantageous fifth embodiment, at least the metering roller 102; 102' and/or at least for positioning the pair of rollers 103, 102; 103', 102 in the above sense and/or in the above embodiment a combined adjusting mechanism 112; 113; 112, 113 provided, which optionally allows a position-based positioning of the pair against the counter-pressure roller 106; 106'; 103'; 103 via a position-based actuator 109; 109' and force-based positioning via a force-based actuator 111; 111' allowed.

In a second group of exemplary embodiments for the coating device 100* (see e.g. 8th until 12 ) form the second roller 003 'of the second applicator 101' or a roller of the second applicator 101' which interacts with the second roller 103' directly or indirectly via one or more further rollers with the second or further roller 103 of the first applicator, which acts as a laminating roller 103 101 in a nip between their lateral surfaces a common gap 107 which acts as a two-sided laminating gap 107, the two laminating rollers 103; forming the gap 107 between them; 103' each other as counter-pressure rollers 103'; 103 are effective. The carrier substrate 006 can be guided between the latter and, in particular on both sides, with the first and second film formation gaps 104; 104 'formed dry films 003', 003' can be acted upon.

In doing so, they intersect through those in the respective application unit 101; 101` through the rotation axes of the metering roller 102; 102 and the laminating roller 103; 103 'formed levels z. B. at most at an acute angle α, which z. B. is a maximum of 20°, advantageously a maximum of 5°, in particular 0°, so that in the latter case the axes of rotation of the rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106' of the two applicators 101 interacting in a two-sided laminating gap 107; 101` lie in the same plane or run parallel but vertically offset from one another.

In a first embodiment variant, the two levels run in a common horizon tal plane or horizontal, but vertically offset from each other (see e.g. 8th ).

In a second, e.g. B. in terms of a small wrap advantageous embodiment variant, the two planes run in a common plane inclined to the horizontal or in two planes inclined to the horizontal but vertically offset from one another. The common level or the two offset levels are z. B. inclined to the horizontal by an acute angle β of 2° to 15°, in particular 3° to 10° (see e.g. 9 ).

In addition to the respective metering roller 102; 102' and the second roller 103; 103', in an advantageous further development, a further roller 118; 118' in the above-mentioned manner of a calender roll 118; 118' can be provided (see, for example, dashed lines for all versions of the second group). 8th and 9 ).

For the above In a first configuration for the roller storage, a first of the two laminating rollers 103 or a further roller of a first of the two applicators 101, which acts as a laminating roller, can be stored with its axis of rotation in an operationally fixed position, although possibly adjustable, while the second of the laminating rollers 103' or a further roller acting as a second laminating roller with the associated metering roller 102; 102' via a common bearing mechanism 112; 112' and/or a common actuator 111; 111' in pairs in a direction with at least one movement component to the associated counter-pressure roller 106; 106 'towards and / or away from this, and in addition to this the respective metering rollers 102; 102` via bearing mechanisms 113; 113` and/or actuators 109; 109' in a direction with at least one movement component to the respectively assigned laminating roller 103; 103' further roller are mounted so that they can be moved back and/or away from this. In the case of one or more additional rollers between the metering roller 102; 102 'and the roller acting as a laminating roller are z. B. also this via the common bearing mechanism 112; 112' and/or the common actuator 111; 111' together in a direction with at least one movement component to the associated counter-pressure roller 106; 106' can be adjusted back and/or away from this.

For setting the respective metering roller 102; In a first, advantageous embodiment, 102' is a position-based actuator 109; 109' and/or a position-based bearing mechanism 113; 113' in the above sense and/or in one of the above. Execution provided. For the pairwise positioning of the second laminating roller 103' with the associated metering roller 102', a force-based actuator 111; 111 and/or a bearing mechanism 113; 113' for force-based positioning in the above sense and/or in an above-mentioned manner. Execution.

In a second embodiment, however, the metering roller 102; 102' force-based and the pair of rollers 103, 102; 103 ', 102 can be position-based adjustable.

The above is also applicable for this. to be transferred and applied in the respective correspondence.

In a third embodiment, however, both rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106 force-based and in a fourth embodiment both rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106 can be position-based adjustable. This is what the above is for. to be transferred and applied in the respective correspondence.

In a particularly advantageous fifth embodiment, at least the metering roller 102; 102' and/or at least for positioning the pair of rollers 103, 102; 103', 102 in the above sense and/or in the above embodiment a combined adjusting mechanism 112; 113; 112; 113 is provided, which optionally allows position-based positioning of the pair against the counter-pressure roller 103'; 103 effective laminating roller 193'; 103 via a position-based actuator 109; 109' and force-based positioning via a force-based actuator 111; 111' allowed.

For all versions of the two groups of exemplary embodiments with jointly adjustable rollers 103 '; 102'; 103; 102, these can be mounted on both sides in supports 122'; 122, in particular in side parts of a base frame, which in turn are supported by linear bearings 113 '; 113 formed bearing mechanisms 113 '; 113 in one the commissioned works 101; 101 'receiving frame are stored.

Alternatively, the two jointly adjustable rollers 102; 103; 102; 102 'can be mounted on both sides in supports, in particular in side parts of a base frame, which in turn are mounted around a laminating roller 103; 103' parallel pivot axis S is pivotably mounted.

As already mentioned, in a respective commissioned work 101; 101' between the second roller 103; 103' and the nip point to the counter roller 106; 103' at least one further, acting as a laminating roller and with the counter-pressure roller 106; 103' the laminating gap 107; 107 'forming roller can be provided.

For all versions of the two groups of exemplary embodiments, in a particularly advantageous development in the respective application unit 101; 101` a material acceptance 127; 127' with z. B. one for cleaning purposes either on the outer surface of the first roller 102; 102' removal device 114 that can be turned on and off; 114', in particular cleaning squeegee 114; 114' provided. This is enough for e.g. B. at least over the width of the roller surface that is effective for film formation.

Instead or advantageously in addition to this, the material removal 127 includes; 127' in the respective application work 101; 101` axially parallel to the second roller 103; 103 'viewed at a distance from one another, two axially parallel adjustable rollers 103; 103' employed or employable acceptance devices 116; 116', in particular side edge squeegee 116; 116 ', through which one over the second roller 103; 103' funded dry film 003; 003` removable in the area of its side edges and e.g. B. in a collecting device 117; 117` can be given. This decrease serves, for example, a straight edge and/or a desired width b003; b003' of dry film 003; 003. The collected amount can e.g. B. back into the feed of the powder mixture 004; 004` can be returned.

For the supply or introduction of the powder mixture 004; 004' into the first gap 004; 004 are in a particularly advantageous further development in the application unit 101; 101' above the first column 104; 104' two axially parallel to the first roller 102; 102 'spaced apart and adjustable in the axially parallel direction boundaries 124, in particular side plates 124, are provided, which each have an area between the lateral surfaces of the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103 'formed upper gusset on both end faces of the applicator 101; 101 'off and thereby an intermediate, preferably variable in width filling and / or storage space 126 for receiving the powder mixture 004; 004' train. Depending on the desired width and/or position of the dry film 003; 003`, the filling and/or storage space 126 can thereby be varied or can be varied in the position of its lateral boundary 133 on at least one, preferably on both sides.

For all of the above Versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements are the bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and/or the actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' of the first roller 102; 102 is preferably designed such that a gap width for the first gap 104; 104' is operationally adjustable to a variable clear width at the narrowest point of at least 15 μm, advantageously at least 30 μm, in particular at least 50 μm, and/or that the gap width of the first gap 104; 104' at least above the above. Position-based drive means and / or can be adjusted via at least one-sided stop means that limit an adjustment position in the direction of the nip point and can be adjusted in position. Alternatively or additionally, the bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and/or the actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' is advantageously designed in the first gap 104; 104' has a line force of z. at least in the area of its width which contributes to film formation. B. at least 5.0 kN/cm, advantageously at least 7 kN/cm, preferably a line force between 5 kN/cm and 30 kN/cm, between the first gap 104; 104' forming rollers 102; 102'; 102; 103' to adjust and/or apply.

As mentioned above, for setting the metering roller 102; 102' to the second roller 103; 103' a combined actuating mechanism 112; 113; 112; 113 may be provided, which optionally provides position-based adjustment via a position-based actuator 109; 109' and force-based positioning via a force-based actuator 111; 111' allowed.

For all of the above Versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements and e.g. B. regardless of the above. Implementation of the coating device 100; 100* with individual discharge units 101; 101' with respective counter-pressure rollers 106; 106 or with combined discharge devices 101; 101' with mutually effective counter-pressure rollers 103'; In a particularly advantageous embodiment, 103 is the metering gap 104; 104' between first and second rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103 'based on a position-based actuator 109 in the above sense; 109' adjustable, for example adjustable to a constant and/or defined gap width, and/or the laminating gap 107; 107' between the second roller 103; 103' and the counter-pressure roller 106; 106; 103'; 103 based on a force-based actuator 111; 111' can be adjusted in the above sense, for example adjustable to a constant and/or defined setting or line force. Without limiting the above. In special exemplary embodiments, any of the two at the relevant gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' involved rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106` through the corresponding actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111 'adjustable and/or on corresponding adjusting mechanisms 112 in the above sense; 112'; 113; 113` must be stored. This also applies to versions in which one of the relevant gaps 104; 104'; 107; 107' involved rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' together with another, at this gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' not involved roller 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106 'is mounted together in such an adjustable manner.

Also e.g. B. regardless of the above-mentioned implementation of the coating device 100; 100* with individual discharge units 101; 101` with respective counter-pressure rollers 106; 106 or with combined discharge devices 101; 101' with mutually effective counter-pressure rollers 103'; 103 is the metering gap 104 in a particularly advantageous embodiment in terms of optimal adjustability; 104' between first and second rollers 102; 102';103;103' of the same application work 101; 101' and/or the laminating gap 107; 107' between the second roller 103; 103' and the cooperating counter-pressure roller 106; 106; 10'; 103 - for example, not only based on position or force, but - based on a combined actuator 109; 109`; 111; 111' is designed to be adjustable either position-based or force-based and/or one of the gaps 104 in question; 104';107;107' involved rollers 102; 102';103;103';106;106' in a combined actuating mechanism 112; 113; 112; 113 mounted in an adjustable position-based or force-based manner and/or the relevant gap 104; 104';107;107' can be set either to a constant and/or defined gap width or to a constant and/or defined setting or line force. Here too, without limiting the above-mentioned special exemplary embodiments, in principle any of the two at the relevant gap 104; 104';107;107' involved rollers 102; 102';103;103';106; 106` by the corresponding combined actuator 109; 109';111;111' can be adjusted in this way and/or on combined adjusting mechanisms 112 corresponding to the above sense; 112';113;113' must be stored accordingly. This also applies to versions in which one of the relevant gaps 104; 104';107;107' involved rollers 102; 102';103;103';106;106' together with another, at this gap 104; 104';107;107' not involved roller 102; 102';103;103';106; 106 'is mounted together in such an adjustable manner.

The first roller 102; 102' via a bearing mechanism 113; 113`; 112; 112' and/or a z. B. position-based or force-based or optionally position- or force-based actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' in a direction with at least one movement component to the respectively assigned second roller 103; 103' can be mounted to and/or away from this. Additionally or instead, the counter-pressure roller 106; 106'; 103'; 103 via a bearing mechanism 113; 113`; 112; 112' and/or a z. B. position-based or force-based or optionally position- or force-based actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' in a direction with at least one movement component to the second or an intermediate further roller 103; 103' can be mounted to and/or away from this.

Alternatively, the first roller 103; 103' with associated second roller 102; 102' via a common bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113` and/or a common e.g. B. position-based or force-based or optionally position- or force-based actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' in pairs in a direction with at least one movement component to the associated counter-pressure roller 106; 106' can be mounted to be movable back and/or away, and in addition to this the respective first roller 102; 102' via a bearing mechanism 113; 113`; 112; 112' and/or a z. B. position-based or force-based or optionally position- or force-based actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' in a direction with at least one movement component to the respectively assigned second roller 103; 103' is mounted to be adjustable back and/or away from this.

For all of the above Versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements are the first roller 102; 102' and with this the first gap 104; 104 'forming second roller 103, 103' operationally in opposite directions and with different circumferential speeds and / or by different drive motors, in particular at least speed-adjustable or controllable servo motors, mechanically driven or driven independently of each other

The first roller is 102; 102' operated at a lower speed, with the first roller 102; 102', in particular metering roller 102; 102', and the associated second roller 103; 103', in particular laminating roller 103; 103', operationally e.g. B. in a ratio V102 (102 '): V103 (103 ') of their peripheral speed of the first to the second roller 102, 102 '; 103; 103 'can be operated or operated, which is in a range between 1: 5 to 3: 5, in particular 1: 4.

The second gap 107; 107' forming rollers 103; 106; 103; 103' are preferably operationally drivable or driven mechanically independently of one another at the same peripheral speed by a common drive motor, in particular a servo motor, or preferably by different drive motors, in particular servo motors.

In an advantageous embodiment, the mechanically independent drive motors can be operated from a drive control via an electronic, in particular virtual, master axis.

A further development is particularly advantageous, in which the first roller 102; 102 'in the area of its lateral surface that contributes to film formation is stronger with regard to the powder mixture material-repellent surface and / or less adhesively effective lateral surface than the second roller 103; 103 'in the area of its lateral surface that contributes to film formation.

At least the second roller 102; 102'; 103; 103' can have a polished and/or chrome-coated or ceramic-coated surface, at least in the area of its lateral surface that contributes to film formation. The first roller 102; 102' can have a structured or material-repellent surface, at least in the area of its lateral surface that contributes to film formation.

For all of the above Versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements are the first and/or the second roller 102; 102; 103; 103 'can be heated, in particular in such a way that its lateral surface can be heated to at least 80 ° C, advantageously to at least 100 ° C, preferably to at least 120 ° at an ambient temperature of 25 °.

Instead or preferably in addition to this, it is also only used as a counter-pressure roller 106; 106'; 103; 103 effective roller 106; 106 'of the first group of exemplary embodiments can be heated, in particular in such a way that its lateral surface can be heated to at least 80 ° C, advantageously to at least 100 ° C, preferably to at least 120 ° at an ambient temperature of 25 °.

For all of the above Versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements are the two application works 101; 101', together with one or more substrate guide elements 121, possibly arranged directly before, after or between them, in a common frame, e.g. B. two front side walls of the same frame, stored. This results in a compact and/or inherently rigid and/or mutually defined arrangement of the applicators 101; 101' in one as aggregate 100; 100*, e.g. B. laminating unit 100; 100* trained laminating unit 100; 100* available.

In the event that a z. B. calendering unit 600 described below; 600* should be provided, can be provided by the calendering unit 600; 600* included rollers 601; 601'; 602; 602* in an advantageous development also in this frame 603 or in an advantageous variant z. B. as a separate unit 600; 600*, e.g. B. Calendering unit 600; 600*, in side walls of a directly on and/or above which the applicators 101; 101 'supporting frame 128 arranged own frame 603 can be stored.

In a z. Am 15 illustrated advantageous embodiment of the machine, which may be somewhat longer, but in which, for example, there is a risk of vibration transmission between the units 100; 100*; 600; 600*, in particular at least the laminating unit 100; 100* and the calendering unit 600; 600*, reduced, are laminating unit 100; 100* and calendering unit 600 horizontally next to each other, preferably in their own, e.g. B. vibration-related frames 128; 603, provided.

For all of the above Versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements are the bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and/or the actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' which has the second gap 107; 107' forming rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' is preferably designed to operationally form a gap width of at least 15 µm, advantageously of at least 30 µm, in particular of at least 50 µm at the narrowest and/or, in particular at least within the limits defining the maximum adjustment path, between the two rollers 103; 106; 103; 103` about a product strand 002 to be formed; 002' and/or by at least one adjusting mechanism 112; 112' and/or at least one actuator 119; 119 'induced contact pressure or line force to form the gap width, and / or in the second gap 107; 107' has a line force of z. at least in the area of its width which contributes to film formation. B. at least 5.0 kN/cm, advantageously at least 7 kN/cm, preferably a line force between 5 kN/cm and 30 kN/cm, between the second gap 107; 107' forming rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106 'to adjust and / or apply and / or keeping a desired line force constant even with fluctuating dry film thickness by automatic or controlled tracking of at least one of the two rollers 103; 106; 103; 103' to enable.

For all of the above Versions, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements are in a particularly advantageous development above the respective applicator 101; 101' or the commissioned works 101; 101' a suction 123; 123' is provided, through which any escaping gases or resulting vapors can be extracted.

The rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106` of the above-mentioned commissioned works 101; 101' are preferably designed with a width that can be used for film formation and/or application in the range from 400 mm to 800 mm, in particular from 500 mm to 700 mm.

Although basically a device of any design for supplying powdery material 700; 700 'can be provided, through which the applicator 101; 101' powder mix 004 in the first gap 104 formed between the first and second rollers; 104 'can be fed, a feed 700 is particularly preferred; 700' is provided, through which the gap 104; 104' directly or via one above the nip 104; 104 'provided insertion aid 711, e.g. B. in the manner of a funnel trough 711, a controllable stream of powder mixture 004 can be fed indirectly evenly over the entire delivery width.

The device for supplying the powdery material 700; 700 'have a dispensing device 701 that controls the dispensing quantity, which z. B. is designed in the manner of a metering device 701 or at least one metering device 704; 721 includes. A metering device 701 or a metering device 704; 721 comprehensive dispensing device 701 can basically be designed in a variety of ways in such a way that a controlled flow of material 004; 004' can be delivered in the manner mentioned above. In a preferred embodiment, the stream of powdery material is 004; 004' by means of the delivery device 701 to a downstream conveyor device 702, e.g. B. a linear conveyor 702, preferably designed as a conveyor belt 702, can be delivered. Through this conveyor device 702, the powdery material 004; 004` - e.g. B. on a conveyor width running transversely to the conveying direction T _P - conveyable downstream in the manner of a powder bed or layer and preferably directly or, if necessary, indirectly on the output side, e.g. B. via one or more additional conveying devices, directly to the Nipp 104; 104 'or the possibly provided insertion aid 711 on a feed width extending transversely to the conveying direction T _P. The conveyor device 702, in particular a roller 705 wrapped around the conveyor belt 702, e.g. B. deflection roller 705, in particular drive roller 705, is preferably variable in terms of the conveying speed and, for example, by a drive means 712 that can be varied in terms of speed, e.g. B. a drive motor 712, in particular a servo motor 712, can be driven. To promote transport, the surface of a conveyor device 702 designed as a conveyor belt 702 can preferably be rough and/or can have a slope sloping in the conveying direction T _P. The feed width here corresponds exactly or at least approximately, ie with z. B. a maximum deviation of ± 10%, a template width of a width limited on both sides and in the nip 104; 104 'directly or in an insertion aid provided above, the material 004; 004 'accommodating filling and / or storage space 123.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the powder supply device 700; 700' one in the form of a dosing device 701; 701 'designed dispensing device 701, 701', which, as a metering device 704 relating in particular to the conveying speed, comprises a linear conveyor 704, which is preferably designed as a - in particular electromagnetically operated or operable - vibration conveyor 704, and through which or which powdery material 004, 004' dosed to a downstream conveyor device 702, e.g. B. a linear conveyor 702, in particular a downstream conveyor belt 702, can be delivered. The delivery to or delivery onto the conveyor belt 702 does not only take place at specific points in a narrowly defined location, but rather in sections or continuously over a delivery width which - at least in the operating position - e.g. B. preferably exactly or at least approximately, ie with z. B. a maximum deviation of ± 10%, which is ultimately responsible for the feed into the Nipp 104; 104' corresponds to the relevant feed width. Preferably - e.g. B. to adapt to different product formats or for correction purposes - the delivery width for the delivery of the material is 004; 004' through the dosing device 701 or feed onto the conveyor belt 704 transversely to the conveying direction T _P viewed in width and/or the lateral position, e.g. B. manually or advantageously remotely operated by drive means, adjustable. In addition, e.g. B. on the vibration table 706 - for example manually or in a further automatable form remotely operated by drive means, transverse to the conveying direction T _P - lateral boundaries 717, e.g. B. side guides 717, provided. As a result, no significant change in the stream width is required on the subsequent conveyor device 702, which could otherwise have a disturbing influence on the height profile running in width.

In an advantageous development, there is also a conveyor width on the conveyor belt - e.g. B. for the reasons mentioned above - adjustable in width and/or lateral position. For this purpose, for example: B., for example manually or in a further automatable form remotely operated by drive means, lateral boundaries 716 which can be moved transversely to the conveying direction T _P , e.g. B. side guides 716, provided via a corresponding mechanism, e.g. B. a respective threaded spindle or threaded spindle sections, the lateral position can be varied. The delivery width corresponds - at least in the operating position - preferably exactly or at least approximately, ie with z. B. a maximum deviation of ± 5%, which is ultimately responsible for the feed into the Nipp 104; 104' relevant and desired feed width. The delivery and conveying widths can be adjustable in width either mechanically independently of one another, mechanically coupled or coupled via control technology.

The dispensing device 701 designed or effective as a dosing device 701 or the at least one dosing device 704; 721 is preferred wise 'can be adjusted so finely in the powder flow that in the relevant range for the specific, ie width-related delivery rate, a constant and / or, in particular with an accuracy in the delivery quantity of a maximum of 3%, in particular a maximum of 2% deviation from the Target delivery quantity, controllable flow of powder mixture 004 can be delivered to one or the downstream conveyor device 702, in particular the conveyor belt 702, which can be operated at a constant and / or controlled speed.

In the z. Am 16 In the particularly advantageous embodiment shown, the above-mentioned, preferably electromagnetic, linear conveyor 704, in particular designed as a vibration conveyor 704, is provided as a first or only metering device 704. An outlet of a supply device 703, e.g. B. a supply line 703 or, such as. Am 16 shown, a storage container 703, via which powdery material can be delivered to the linear conveyor 704. A supply device 703 designed as a storage container 703 can, for example, be designed in the form of a funnel and z. B. can be filled manually or via a pipe system. You can advantageously use a fluidizing device, such as. B. include a device for blowing in a gaseous medium, in particular air. In the illustrated and advantageous embodiment, the metering device 701 comprises the vibration conveyor 704 and at least a certain amount of material 004; 004' providing provision device 703 and can be one here z. B. also referred to as a dosing device with vibration drive 701 or briefly as a dosing vibrator 701, and z. B. form a unit that represents an assembly and can be obtained as such, which can be refilled, for example, manually or via a supply line from a supply.

The vibration conveyor 704 includes e.g. B. a vibration table 706 and a drive means 707 driving it, in particular a vibration drive 707 driving it, in particular electromagnetically excited. The vibration drive 707 or a controller controlling this vibration drive 707 can preferably be varied in terms of the vibration frequency and / or amplitude and / or the vibration table 706 with regard to its gradient viewed in the conveying direction T _P manually or by means of a drive means 715, e.g. B. actuator 715, adjustable.

In addition to the above-mentioned metering device 704 formed by a vibration conveyor 704, here z. B. for pre-metering, a metering device 721 which varies the delivery flow at the outlet and thus the feed flow to the conveyor device 702 can be provided. Such can e.g. B. through an in 16 only schematically indicated adjusting mechanism 721 can be provided, through which means of associated drive means 722, e.g. B. by one or more servomotors 722; 722.x, in conjunction with a dosing device 721 relating to the feed level on the conveyor 702, for example. B. a distance between the outlet and the top of the linear conveyor 704 and / or in conjunction with a metering device 721 relating to the discharge flow at the outlet, e.g. B. a free flow cross section from or in the provision device 703 can be varied.

As a metering device 721 relating to the discharge flow at the outlet, the outlet of the supply device 703 can be provided with a controllable outlet cross-section via one or more associated drive means 722; 722.x, e.g. B. one or more servomotors 722, varying actuating mechanism 721 can be assigned or arranged upstream. Such a can be used as in 16 As an example and only symbolically indicated, an actuating element 723 is a flap 723 or a slider 723 which extends over the outlet width and is actuated by the drive means 722, or through several actuating elements 723.x which are arranged next to one another across the outlet width and can be adjusted independently of one another by several drive means 722.x, such as e.g. B. include flap or slide segments 723.x (see, for example, in 17 and 18 ). In the case of several actuating elements 723.x that can be adjusted by drive means 722.x, the flow cross section or delivery flow can, for example, be varied and/or individually corrected across the delivery width.

One or more associated drive means 722; 722.x, e.g. B. one or more servomotors 722 may be provided, which have a corresponding servo mechanism 723, e.g. B. a gear, vary the distance between the outlet of the provision device 703 and the top of the linear conveyor 704, in particular raise or lower the provision device 703 or the part comprising the outlet.

Basically independent of the design of the dispensing device 701 with a dosing device 704 designed as a vibration conveyor 704 and of the presence and / or the design of the above-mentioned further dosing device 721, but preferably in conjunction with a dosing device 704 designed as a vibration conveyor 704 and / or z. B. at least one additional metering device 721 mentioned above is particularly advantageous stick design of the powder feed device above the linear conveyor 702 downstream of the delivery device 701 in the conveying direction T _P between the point of material feed onto the linear conveyor 702 and a delivery point to the nip 104; 104 'or the possibly provided insertion aid 711 or possibly on a further downstream conveyor a removal device 708 which extends horizontally over at least the conveyor width and is adjustable at a distance from the top of the linear conveyor 704.

Such a removal device 708 ensures - assuming parallelism between the underside of the removal device 708 and the top of the linear conveyor 704 on at least the effective length - a desired and uniform layer height of the material 004 to be conveyed on the linear conveyor 702 or conveyor belt 702; 004` can be defined or displayed across the conveyor width. If material 004 is present along the entire conveyor width upstream of the removal device 708; 004' is applied to a thickness that corresponds at least to the distance between the removal device 708 and the top of the linear conveyor 704, downstream of the removal device 708 there is a material stream with a uniform layer thickness of the powdery material 004 defined over the position of the removal device 708; 004' secured.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the removal device 708 is designed as a removal squeegee 708 - preferably changeable transversely to the conveying direction T _P - which, for example, can be moved during operation. B. performs an oscillating or iridescent back and forth movement. For this purpose, the removal squeegee 708 is mounted so that it can move axially, for example, and is driven by a drive means 709, e.g. B. a drive motor 709, driven oscillating or oscillating. This drive motor 709 can be designed directly as a linear motor or as a rotary motor driving the removal doctor blade 708 via a traversing gear. In an advantageous further development, the removal device 708 is provided by a - e.g. Am 16 only schematically indicated drive means 719, e.g. B. an actuator 719, for example remotely controlled via a signal connection S6 and adjustable at a distance from the conveyor device 702.

In an alternative embodiment, a roller, in particular a so-called roller doctor blade, which can be rotated or rotated on its underside against the conveying direction T _P can be provided as the removal device 708. In a further development, this can also be changed in the above manner using appropriate drive means and appropriate storage.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, at least one sensor system with a preferably non-contact sensor 713; 714 is provided, which, for example, provides information about a vertical position of a powder layer surface and / or which, for example, is based on a non-contact measuring principle, for example. B. based on the use of sound waves or preferably electromagnetic radiation and/or which together with a signal connection S1; S3 connected control and / or regulating device 724, in particular with a control logic or electronic control circuit included in the control and / or regulating device 724, and with one of the or a dosing or conveying device 702; 704; 721 drive means 712 722 assigned to vary the delivery or delivery rate; 707 via a respective signal connection S2; S4; S5; S7 a control loop R11; R14; R15; R17; R34; R35; R37 trains.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, a sensor system, in particular a fill level sensor system, is provided as a sensor system providing information about the height of a powder layer, with information about the fill height in the nip 104; 104 'or in the insertion aid 711 supplying sensor 713, short level sensor 713, which - especially from above - into the gusset of the roller gap 104; 104' or into the interior of a possibly above the nip 104; 104 'provided insertion aid 711 is directed towards the powder layer, in particular the powder layer surface, and thereby one with a filling height in the nip 104; 104 or in the insertion aid 711 - at least at the point under consideration - provides corresponding information.

An advantageously provided control circuit R11; R14; R15; R17 includes one of the above. Fill level sensor system with the sensor 713 for detecting a fill level of powdery material 004; 004' in the nip 104; 104 or in the insertion aid 711 representing information. In such a control loop R1; R1' is e.g. B. the information about the filling level in the nip 104; 104 'or in the insertion aid 711 sensor 713 is connected in terms of signals to a control logic or circuit included in the above-mentioned control and / or regulating device 724, which in turn is in signal connection S2; S4; S5; S7 with the control means of one or more drive means 712; 722; 715; 707 one or more of the above Conveying and/or metering devices 702; 704; 721 stands for varying the conveying and/or delivery or feeding rate of powdery material 004, 004`.

In one, especially for phases of changing machine speeds such as. B. a start-up phase, an advantageous embodiment is z. B. a control circuit R12 relating to the conveying speed of the conveying device 702 is provided, in which the fill level sensor system is controlled via the control and/or the control device 724 or a control logic or circuit included therein and set up accordingly to form a control circuit R12 relating to the delivery rate with a drive means 712 driving the delivery device 702, here z. B. the delivery device 701 driving the conveyor belt 702 is in signal connection. The conveying speed is regulated by the relevant drive means 712, for example. B. dependent on the fill level, for example in such a way that if the fill level falls below a defined lower limit, the conveying speed is increased and if a defined upper limit is exceeded, the conveying speed is reduced.

Instead of the fill level-dependent variation or in addition to this, the drive of the conveyor device 702 can be underlaid by a control that correlates to a variable V representing the machine speed via a stored relationship, through which the conveyor device 702 is operated faster, for example, when the machine speed increases and slower when the machine speed falls. This control can do the above. level-dependent control must be used as a basis.

Instead of or in addition to an above-mentioned control circuit R12 relating to the delivery rate and/or the machine speed-dependent control of the conveyor device 702, in an advantageous embodiment, a control circuit R15 relating to the delivery device 701, in particular the delivery rate of the delivery device 701 to the conveyor device 702; R14; R17 can be provided, in which the fill level sensor system is connected via the control and/or regulating device 724 or a control logic or circuit which is included and correspondingly set up in the signal connection S4; S5; S7 with one or more drive means 722 included in the dispensing device 701 for dosing purposes; 722.x; 707; 715 stands, e.g. B. in a control circuit R15 relating to the dispensing device 701 with a drive means 722; 722.x of the actuating mechanism 721 upstream or associated with the outlet and/or in another control circuit R14 relating to the dispensing device 701, the vibration drive 707 and/or in another control circuit R117 relating to the dispensing device 701, the actuating drive 715 for the table slope. The above-mentioned control circuits R15 relating to the dispensing device 701; R14; R17 can be provided individually, in pairs or all of them, whereby in the case of several such control circuits R15; R14; R17 preferably provides cascading or prioritization of individual control algorithms.

A control of the dispensing device 701 on which the fill level sensor system is based, in particular the control circuit R15 relating to the dispensing rate of the dispensing device 701 to the conveyor device 702; R14; R17 or control loops R15; R14; R17 through the relevant drive means 722; 722.x; 707; 715 is done for this purpose, for example. B. dependent on the fill level, for example in such a way that if the fill level falls below a defined lower limit, the delivery rate is increased and if a defined upper limit is exceeded, the delivery rate is reduced.

Instead of the fill level-dependent variation of the delivery rate or preferably in addition to this, the dosing by the dosing device 701 can be subject to a control that correlates to a variable V representing the machine speed, through which the dosing device 701 or one or more of the dosing devices 704 included therein; 721, for example, as the machine speed increases, the delivery rate through the dosing device 701 or one or more dosing devices included in the dosing device 701 via appropriate control of one or more of the above-mentioned drive means 722; 722.x; 707; 715 increased and decreased as the machine speed fell. This control can be done with the above. machine speed-dependent control of the conveyor device 702 and/or the above-mentioned. fill level-dependent control of the dispensing device 701 as a basis.

In a further development of the embodiment comprising the removal device 708, the feed rate can also be varied, e.g. B. can be preset by manually or remotely controlling the distance of the removal device 708 via an associated drive means 719 using a control loop (R16) not explicitly stated here.

Basically independent of, but advantageously in conjunction with, one of the above-mentioned level sensors and/or one or more of the above-mentioned control loops R12 on which the level is based; R14; R15; In an advantageous embodiment, R17 (R16) is provided as an alternative or further sensor system that provides information about the vertical position of a powder layer surface, a sensor system that provides information about the vertical level of the powder layer surface on the conveyor 702, or layer level sensor system for short. This includes a sensor 714, which preferably works in a non-contact manner, providing information about the layer height or at least the level of the powder layer surface on the conveyor device 702, e.g. B. level sensor 714, which for example - e.g. B. as an optical or ultrasonic sensor - is directed from one side to the profile of the powder layer and at least information about the vertical position of at least one highest elevation of the powder layer above the För the width transversely to the conveying direction T _P delivers. If the conveyor device 702 is in an operationally stable vertical position, the level of the powder layer surface represents a resulting powder layer thickness.

In a simple case, the sensor 714, for example, only monitors whether a certain level of a highest elevation is exceeded or fallen below and the result is e.g. B. used for regulatory purposes. Monitoring only a certain height for overshooting or undershooting can be achieved, for example, using a single-beam light barrier or a linear ultrasonic sensor. In a more complex version that may, however, lead to more information, the sensor system can also provide information about the vertical position of the highest elevation currently present across the conveyor width - at least within a certain bandwidth. Here, for example, a sensor system that extends in the vertical direction over a certain height, such as. B. a light grid or an ultrasonic sensor with vertical resolution can be used.

Basically independent of, but advantageously in conjunction with, one or more of the above-mentioned control loops R12 on which the fill level is based; R15; R14 or R17 and/or one of the above. Speed-dependent control, in an advantageous embodiment, is a device comprising the removal device 708, e.g. B. a control circuit R35; R34; R37 is provided, which has the above mentioned Layer level sensor system with one of the above. Layer level sensor 714 includes. In such a control circuit this is R35; R34; R37 is connected in terms of signals to a control logic or circuit included in the above-mentioned control and/or regulating device 724, which in turn is in signal connection with the control means of one or more drive means 707; 722; 715 one or more of the above Dosing devices 704; 721 for varying the delivery rate of the dosing device 701. A control of the dosing device 701 with regard to the delivery rate or a dosing device 704 included therein; 721 through the relevant drive means 707; 722; 715 takes place here z. B. level dependent, d. H. depending on the information provided by the layer level sensor system, for example in such a way that if the level of the surface falls below a defined lower limit or a target value, for example. B. an increase by more than a permissible tolerance and if a defined upper limit or the target value is exceeded, for example. B. a reduction in the delivery rate delivered by the delivery device 701 or on the conveyor device 702 by more than a permissible tolerance by at least one control circuit R35 comprising the layer level sensor 714; R34; R37 occurs.

Instead of or in addition to an above-mentioned control circuit R12 relating to the delivery rate and/or the machine speed-dependent control of the conveying device 702 and/or a control circuit R15 relating to the dispensing device 701, in particular the delivery rate of the dispensing device 701 to the conveying device 702 as a function of the fill level; R14; In an advantageous embodiment, R17 can therefore be a control circuit R35 relating to the delivery device 701, in particular the delivery rate of the delivery device 701 to the conveyor device 702 depending on the layer level; R34; R37 may be provided, in which the layer level sensor system via the control and / or regulating device 724 or a control logic or circuit comprised by it and correspondingly set up in signal connection with one or more drive means 722 included by the dispensing device 701 for dosing purposes; 722.x; 707; 715 stands, e.g. B. in a control circuit R35 relating to the dispensing device 701 with a drive means 722; 722.x of the actuating mechanism 721 upstream or associated with the outlet and/or in another control circuit R34 relating to the dispensing device 701 with the vibration drive 707 and/or in another control circuit R37 relating to the dispensing device 701 the actuating drive 715 for the table slope. The above-mentioned control circuits R35 relating to the dispensing device 701; R34; R37 can be provided individually, in pairs or all of them, whereby in the case of several such control circuits R35; R34; R37 preferably provides cascading or prioritization of individual control algorithms.

• Die insbesondere als Dosiervorrichtung 701 ausgebildete Abgabevorrichtung 701 wird anfangs und während des Betriebes bedarfsweise mit zu verarbeitenden pulverförmigen Material 004; 004' befüllt und das Material aus der Dosiervorrichtung 701 dosiert an die Fördereinrichtung 702 abgegeben, insbesondere gerüttelt. In besonders vorteilhafter Weiterbildung unter Anwendung einer o. g. Abnahmeeinrichtung 708 wird geringfügig, beispielsweise bis zu 10% bevorzugt lediglich bis zu 5 % mehr Material 004; 004' an die Fördereinrichtung 702 abgegeben als tatsächlich abgenommen wird, das dann zur Bereitstellung einer gleichmäßigen Materialschichtdicke mit der sich bevorzugt changierenden Abnahmeeinrichtung auf eine bestimmte, insbesondere einstellbare Höhe abgenommen bzw. zurückgehalten wird. Die Abgaberate der Abgabevorrichtung 701 an die Fördereinrichtung 702 kann dabei z. B. über einen o. g., den Niveausensor 14 an der Fördereinrichtung 702 umfassenden Regelkreis R35; R34; R37 geregelt werden, z. B. derart, dass das detektierte Niveau immer mindestens dem eingestellten Abstand zur Fördereinrichtung 702 entspricht, vorteilhaft gar darüber liegt.

A powder feeder 700; 700 with a dosing device 701, in particular a dosing device 701 with a dosing device with a vibration drive 702, and a downstream conveyor 702, in particular a linear conveyor 702, is operated in an advantageous manner as follows:

• The dispensing device 701, designed in particular as a dosing device 701, is initially and during operation, if necessary, with powdery material 004; 004 'filled and the material from the metering device 701 is metered to the conveyor 702, in particular shaken. In a particularly advantageous development using the above-mentioned removal device 708, slightly, for example up to 10%, preferably only up to 5% more material 004; 004' is delivered to the conveyor device 702 as actually removed, which is then removed or retained to a specific, in particular adjustable height, with the preferably iridescent removal device in order to provide a uniform material layer thickness. The Delivery rate of the delivery device 701 to the conveyor 702 can z. B. via a control circuit R35 comprising the level sensor 14 on the conveyor 702; R34; R37 can be regulated, e.g. B. in such a way that the detected level always corresponds at least to the set distance to the conveyor device 702, and is advantageously even higher.

The conveyed on the conveyor device 702, preferably under the removal device 708 in the above. Way carried out powdery material 004; 004' is fed from the conveyor 702 directly or, if necessary, via another conveyor into the gap 104; 104' or an insertion aid 711 provided above is supported.

The conveyor device 702 and possibly a subsequent further conveyor device can, in an advantageous embodiment, have the above-mentioned Control circuit R12 with a level sensor 713, which measures the level in the gap 004; 004' or monitored in the insertion aid 711, can be regulated in a manner set out above.

In an advantageous development, for a format change in the product to be manufactured, 001; 002 the delivery width of the delivery device 701 and/or the conveying width of the conveying device 702 is set manually or preferably remotely via appropriate drive means.

To e.g. B. beyond dosing through the dispensing device 701 or alternatively to vary a maximum material supply, in an advantageous embodiment the removal device 708 can be varied in its distance from the conveyor device 702.

For the above-mentioned designs and design variants of the powder feed device 700 (e.g. in conjunction with 16 ) and in particular for those that deviate from this, e.g. B. in connection with 17 and 18 The designs and design variants presented for the design of the dispensing or dosing device 701 are - fundamentally independent of the above-mentioned sensors, sensors 713; 714 or control circuits R12; R14; R15; R17; R34; R35; R37, but advantageous in conjunction with one or more of the above-mentioned sensors, sensors 713; 714 or control circuits R12; R14; R15; R17; R34; R35; R37 - a powder stream emerging from the powder feed device 700 and fed into the roller gap 104, 104 'or into the insertion aid 711, which may be arranged above it - in particular in a fall path between or a last one of the powder feed device 700; 700' included conveyor 702 and the nip 104; 104" or an insertion aid 711 that may be provided - sensors 726; 731, e.g. powder flow sensors 726; 731, directed at points or in sections, at least in one place or preferably over the entire width, in particular the fall width, continuously or at several points, with e.g B. a sensor 728; 733 is provided, through which information about the powder flow, in particular about the size and / or homogeneity, can be provided. Such a sensor system 726; 731 or the information obtained therefrom can in the first embodiment be an integral, ie in the sum of the considered variable I; F, e.g. measured variable I; F, obtained for example as a whole or over a section, which is continuous or interrupted in sections, or in particular a width that is single in width, provide spatially resolved values of such a quantity Ix; Fx.

In the first embodiment, an integral value of the size I; F information about the powder flow in the observed area can be obtained, which in the event that it is not detected over the entire width can be used as a first approximation as a measure of the entire flow. This can be used in a z. B. control circuit R82 explained below; R85, for example, a powder stream is carried out, e.g. B. be kept constant or - for example in the presence of z. B. empirically determined relationships between the determined variable I; F and the size of the throughput - the powder flow can be controlled or regulated with regard to its throughput.

In an advantageous embodiment of this first embodiment there is a control circuit R82; R85 is provided, which has the above-mentioned integral powder flow sensor system 726; 731 with the above-mentioned sensor 728; 733 includes. In such a control loop this is R82; R85 is connected via a signal connection S8 to a control logic or circuit included in the above-mentioned control and/or regulating device 724, which in turn is connected via a signal connection S2; S5; S7 with the control means of one or more drive means 712; 707; 722; 715 one or more of the above-mentioned conveying or metering devices 704; 721 stands for varying the delivery rate of the conveyor device and/or the delivery rate of the metering device 701. The relevant control logic or circuit is available, for example. B. in a control circuit R82 relating to the delivery rate with the drive means 712 driving the conveyor device 702 and / or in a control circuit R85 relating to the delivery device 701 with a drive means 722; 722.x of the adjusting mechanism 721 in front of or assigned to the outlet in signal connection S2; S5. For an embodiment variant with a dispensing device with a vibration conveyor 704 mentioned above, in another control circuit (not shown) relating to the dispensing device 701, one with a sensor 728; 733 the powder flow sensor system 726; 731 Signal-related control logic or circuit of the control and/or regulating device 724 can be connected to the vibration drive 707 and/or in a further control circuit (not shown) relating to the dispensing device 701 to the actuating drive 715 for the table slope. The above-mentioned control circuits R82 relating to the dispensing device 701 and/or conveyor device 702; R85 can be provided individually, in groups or all of them, whereby in the case of several such control circuits R82; R85 preferably provides cascading or prioritization of individual control algorithms.

In the second embodiment, with sensors 726 provided at several points or in sections; 731 can be used across the width using individual, spatially resolved values of one of the above. Size I.x; P.x for each individual section or measuring location, respective information about the powder flow in the relevant section or at the relevant measuring location is obtained, which each represents a measure of the powder flow in the relevant section or at the relevant measuring location. This can be used in a control circuit R82 explained above, for example; R85 - e.g. B. after summing or averaging - a total powder flow is also carried out, e.g. B. be kept constant or - for example in the presence of z. B. empirically determined relationships between the determined variable I; F and the size of the throughput - the powder flow can be controlled or regulated with regard to its throughput. Instead of or in addition to this integral evaluation and a regulation based on it, however, for several or all sections or measuring locations in the respective control circuits R82; R85 is a partial powder flow at least relative to partial powder flows in other sections or at other measuring locations or - for example in the presence of e.g. B. empirically determined relationships between the determined quantity I.x; F.x and the size of the throughput - the relevant powder flow, in particular partial powder flow, can be controlled or regulated with regard to the throughput.

In an advantageous embodiment of this second embodiment, several or all sections or measuring locations have their own above-mentioned. Sensor 728.x; 733.x one control circuit R82 each; R85 provided. This sensor 728.x; 733.x is R82 in such a control loop; R85 is connected in terms of signals to a control logic or circuit comprised by an above-mentioned control and/or regulating device 724, which in turn is in signal connection with control means of several drive means 722.x of a metering device 721 which can be adjusted in sections or segments in width for section-wise variation of the delivery rate the dosing device 701 stands. Sections or measuring locations correspond to their own sensors 728.x; 733.x with sections or segments, in particular actuator segments 723.x, a metering device 721 that can be adjusted in sections, e.g. B. with the above and actuating element segments 723.x driven by drive means 722.x, e.g. B. flap or slide segments 723.x. The individual control elements 723.x or control element segments 723.x are regulated, for example, in such a way that, for example, in all sections considered. B. a powder flow of the same size through the sensor system 726; 731 is recorded. If necessary, the control can also be set to a desired profile, i.e. H. with different powder flows across the width in the sections under consideration.

In an advantageous version (see e.g. 17 and 18 ) includes the powder feed device 700; 700' such as B. already above 16 described a conveyor device 702, through which powdery material 004, 004 'is conveyed on a conveyor width and from there to a roller gap 104 underneath; 104 or a possibly provided feed aid 711 is fed. The feed itself takes place in particular by the powder stream falling down after reaching the end of the or a last conveyor device 702 over a fall path and into the nip 104; 104' or the insertion aid 711.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of a powder feed device 700; 700' in one of the versions or variants set out above or set out below is the above. Powder flow sensors 726; 731 in the area of the fall path between the only or downstream last conveyor 701 of the powder feed device 700; 700' and the nip 104; 104 'or the possibly provided insertion aid 711.

Such a powder flow sensor system 726; 731 is e.g. B. in conjunction with an advantageous embodiment for the dispensing device 701 17 and 18 shown, with the same reference numerals as before for functionally comparable or identical parts 16 find use. In contrast to using 16 In the embodiment shown, the dispensing device 701 is here without a vibration conveyor 704, but with a z. Am 16 only schematically indicated dosing device 721 relating to the delivery flow at the outlet of the supply device 703, with which z. B. the free flow cross section in the provision device 703 or out of it can be varied. The powder flow sensor system 726; 731, however, can also be applied to an embodiment set out above with a vibration conveyor 704 or any other embodiment in which the powder flow from a conveyor 702 over a fall path to the roller gap 104; 104 'or an insertion aid 711 provided above it is or can be supplied.

In connection with what was explained above, the powder flow sensor system 726; 731 comprehensive control loop R85 based on an integral value for the variable I; F, the metering device 721 can have a continuous or segmented adjusting element 723; 723.x be designed, for the latter when regulating over a single integral value of size I; F, for example, the adjusting elements 723.x are set in the same way. Is based on the size I; If the information provided is too low a powder flow or an undesirable decrease in the powder flow is determined, the continuous actuating element 723 or the actuating element segments 723.x are opened further for a larger material passage and vice versa. In the presence of the above-mentioned Context can be regulated to a specific throughput.

Alternatively or additionally, in a control circuit R82; based on the integral value for quantity I; The speed of the conveyor device can also be regulated by appropriately controlling the drive means 712.

In connection with what was explained above, the powder flow sensor system 726; 731 comprehensive control loop R85 of a control in individual sections based on individual values for such a variable I.x; P.x, the metering device 721 includes actuating elements 723.x formed in sections by actuating element segments 723.x. The actuator segments 723.x or their actuators 722.x z. B. via respective control loops R82; R85 according to the specified control task based on individual values for the size I.x; P.x placed at the relevant sections or measuring locations. For example, it can be regulated to a profile that is uniform across the width or, if necessary, to a predetermined profile with powder flows that differ across the width. In the presence of the above-mentioned Context can be regulated on a profile with a uniform or varying throughput across the width. In the respective control circuit R82; R85 can have one or more further circuit elements 729, such as. B. a dead time element 729 may be provided.

In a first advantageous embodiment of the powder flow sensor system 726 (see e.g. 17 ) this is based on a measurement using electromagnetic radiation, in particular light in the UV, IR or visible wavelength range, in particular in the form of a light barrier 726. For this purpose, for example, a radiation source 727, e.g. B. a light source 727 is provided and on the other side a sensor 728; 728.x, in particular radiation receiver 728; 728.x. As the variable I providing information about the powder flow; Here Ix is a radiation intensity I registered on the sensor 728; Ix used. In the case of an integral determination and evaluation in the above sense using only one value for the size I, a single radiation source 727, e.g. B. in particular directed light source 727, and / or a single radiation receiver 728, e.g. B. a photodiode 728 or a phototransistor 728 may be provided. For the second case, the rules in individual sections based on individual values for such a size Ix; Px allowed, an extensive radiation or light source 727.x, e.g. B. in the manner of a light grid 726, a plurality of individual light sources 727.x or a light bar 727.x, and a plurality of radiation receivers 728.x, an extended, in particular spatially resolving, radiation receiver 728.x or radiation receiver segments 728.x, such as. B. a radiation receiver array 728.x, a photodiode array 728.x or a line camera 728.x may be provided. By recording the radiation intensity I; Ix the constancy of a mass current can be checked, if e.g. B. an empirically determined relationship even the powder flow can be controlled or regulated with regard to its throughput - in sections or integrally, depending on the design.

In a second advantageous embodiment of the powder flow sensor system 731 (see e.g. 18 ) this is based on the application of a force measurement, in particular on a measurement of the momentum of the falling powder particles on a force transducer 733; 733.x trained sensor 733; 733.x acting force. As the quantity F providing information about the powder flow; Here Fx is a value for a sensor 733; 733.x registered force F; Fx used. In the case of an integral determination and evaluation in the above sense by means of a value for the size I, a single force transducer 733 can be provided, on which the powder flow of the entire width or a partial section representative of the width acts. For the second case of regulation in individual sections based on individual values for such a variable Fx, a plurality of individual force transducers 733.x, e.g. B. as - for example piezoelectrically operating - force transducer array 733.x, be provided.

The effect on the force transducer(s) 733; 733.x can basically be implemented in any way that an impulse of the material 004; falling across the width or a section in the powder stream; 004' to the relevant force transducer 733; 733.x is transmitted. In the advantageous embodiment shown here, this is for the or each section to be considered, ie about the entire width, a representative section or several individual sections, a baffle element 732; 732.x, e.g. B. a baffle plate 732; 732.x, which is located in the fall path of the section to be viewed and in operative connection to an assigned force transducer 733; 733.x is available. The baffle plate 732; 732.x can take the form of a deflection plate 732; 732.x, so that an impulse can be transmitted, but the material 004, 004' continues to the nip 104; 104 'or an insertion aid 711 provided above it flows. The impact element 732; 732.x, can be pivoted or elastically mounted and/or against the force transducer 733; 733.x must be supported, so that e.g. B. with increasing load due to the powder flow through the force transducer 733; 733.x registered force F; Fx magnified. The measuring principle is based on an impact with a change of direction, whereby a resulting force F is based on the physical relationship F = m × a (force = mass × acceleration) and the change in direction upon impact. By recording the force F, the constancy of a mass flow can be checked, if e.g. B. an empirically determined relationship even the powder flow can be controlled or regulated with regard to its throughput.

A machine for producing, especially in an inline process, a multi-layer product (see e.g. 3 , 10 or 15 ), which on at least one side of a carrier substrate 006 has an above-mentioned dry film 003; formed from a powder mixture; 003', preferably comprises a substrate feed 200, through which the carrier material 006 can be fed to the machine on the input side, a first substrate path section 300, via which the carrier substrate 006 is fed to an application stage 100; 100* for applying the dry film 003; 003' on at least one side of the carrier substrate 006 and a second substrate path section 400, via which the carrier material 006 provided with the dry film 003 on at least one side can be fed to a product holder 500, through which the product can be formed into product containers, e.g. B. can be combined into rolls or stacks.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the order level is 100; 100* in an above-mentioned version, design, configurations, embodiments or variant for the device 100 described above; 100* executed. Instead of the example in 2 shown order level 100 all versions, refinements, configurations, embodiments of the first group of exemplary embodiments can occur and instead of the examples in 10 Order level 100* shown includes all of the second group.

In an advantageous embodiment, the substrate feed 200 is formed by a substrate unwinder 200, in particular a reel changer 200, preferably by a reel changer 200 comprising several reel positions and/or qualified for a non-stop reel change. It can advantageously be designed as a motor-driven pull roller 202 substrate guide element 202 and / or a substrate guide element 203 in the form of a z. B. spring-loaded dancer roller 203 on a lever transverse to the substrate path.

The substrate feed 200 designed as a roll changer 200 advantageously comprises a roll drive that is mechanically independent of the rest of the machine and/or driven by a single motor and/or a lifting device to support a roll loading and/or roll unloading process.

In an advantageous embodiment, a device for lateral web edge control 204 (as an example for all versions, for example in 15 shown), in particular a sensor system that detects a web edge and an actuator that causes a lateral offset of the carrier substrate, e.g. B. a pair of turning bars that can be pivoted about an axis running perpendicular to the transport direction Ts can be provided. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the web edge control 204 is equipped with an gluing device 206, e.g. B. an adhesive table 206, combined.

Instead or additionally, in an advantageous embodiment, a spreading device, in particular a single- or multi-member web guiding element with a convex lateral surface, is provided in the substrate path section of the substrate feed 200 and/or in the first substrate path 300.

In an advantageous development, a one-part or multi-part pretreatment station 302, in particular a cleaning and/or deionization station 302, is provided in the first substrate path 300, through which the carrier substrate 006 is freed from surface contaminants, e.g. B. dust or cutting residue, and / or electrical charge carriers is or can be freed.

In the first substrate path 300, in particular downstream of any cleaning that may be provided, a measuring station 303, in particular with a sound- or radiation-based measuring device 303, is advantageously provided, through which the material thickness of the carrier material 006 is based on its thickness and/or homogeneity in starch and/or for impurities can be checked and e.g. B. in the event of impermissible deviations from a target specification, an optical/and/or acoustic warning signal and/or an error signal is transmitted to a machine control and/or a control center.

For all versions of the machine, in an advantageous embodiment, a substrate guide element 307 can be used as a measuring roller 307 in the first substrate path 300 (as an example for all versions, for example in 15 shown) can be designed, through which, for example, the web tension can be determined in order to z. B. to regulate the web tension e.g. B. about the conveying speed of individual units 100; 100*; 600 or web guide elements 410.

In an advantageous development, the first substrate path 300 z. B. a pretreatment station 304 designed as an application station 304 is provided, through which the carrier material 006 can be acted upon on one or both sides with a binder and / or a primer. In this case, a dryer (not shown), e.g. B. a hot air or radiation dryer, may be provided directly downstream of the application station 304.

In an advantageous embodiment, in the substrate path immediately before the application stage 100; 100*, a thermal pretreatment station 306 may be provided, through which the carrier material 006 can be heated above ambient temperature, in particular to over 60 ° C, preferably to at least 80 ° C.

In an advantageous embodiment, in the second substrate path 400, in particular in the substrate path immediately after the application stage 100; 100*, a calendering unit 600 with two calendering rolls 601; 602 are provided, of which at least one, preferably both, is or are heatable, in particular heatable in such a way that their lateral surface can be brought to at least 80 ° C, advantageously to at least 100 ° C, preferably to at least 120 ° at an ambient temperature of 25 ° and /or between which a pressure with a preferably adjustable line force of at least 5.0 kN/cm, advantageously at least 7 kN/cm, preferably a line force between 5 kN/cm and 30 kN/cm can be applied.

In an advantageous embodiment, a cooling device 402 is provided in the second substrate path 400, in particular in the substrate path after a possibly provided calendering unit 600, through which a product strand 002, e.g. B. can be cooled by at least 20 ° C, in particular by at least 50 ° C.

In an advantageous further development, an inspection device 403, in particular based on an optical and/or acoustic measurement, is provided in the second substrate path 400, through which the product surface is checked for completeness in the area and/or thickness of the applied dry film 003; 003` can be checked.

For all versions of the machine, in an advantageous embodiment, at least one substrate guide element 409 can be designed as a measuring roller 409 in the second substrate path 400, through which, for example, the web tension can be determined in order to e.g. B. to regulate the web tension, e.g. B. about the relative conveying speed of individual units 100; 100*; 600 or web guide elements 410. Preferably, at least one substrate guide element 409 is designed as a measuring roller 409 in both the section of the second substrate path 400 upstream of the calendering unit 600 and downstream of the calendering unit 600.

In order to ensure optimal substrate flow through the application stage 100; 100* can be ensured in an advantageous embodiment in the second substrate path 400, preferably immediately behind the application stage 100; 100* or a possibly provided calendering unit 600, a substrate guide element 202 designed as a motor-driven pull roller 401 is provided.

Alternatively or additionally, in a preferred embodiment, in the second substrate path 400 between the application stage 100; 100* and the calendering unit 600 a web tension compensation and/or control device 406 (e.g. in 15 shown as an example for all versions), with e.g. B. a dancer roller 407, which, for example, compensates for fluctuations in the web tension and / or the conveying speed of an upstream or downstream unit 100; 100*; 600 or web guide element 410 can be regulated.

For all versions of the machine mentioned here, an embodiment is particularly advantageous in which between the only or last calendering unit 600; 600 and combining to form a product container 501, a measuring station 408 is provided in the product holder to determine the product strand thickness, in particular the total thickness (e.g. in 15 shown as examples for all versions).

Instead of or in addition to the above-mentioned cooling device 402 in the second substrate path section 400, such or further cooling device 402; 504 is also attributable to product intake 500 Substrate path or frame may be provided. Such a cooling device 504 can be formed, for example, by a substrate guide element 504 designed as a cooling roller 504.

In an advantageous embodiment, the product holder 500 is designed as a product winder 500, in particular in the manner of a roll changer 500. It is preferably qualified for a non-stop roll change and/or comprises a substrate guide element 502 designed as a motor-driven pull roller 502 and/or a substrate guide element 503 in the form of a dancer roller 503 which is spring-loaded on a lever transversely to the substrate path.

As an alternative to designing the machine with a product holder 500 designed as a roll changer 500, in a particularly advantageous embodiment a cross-cutting device can be provided in the second substrate path 400 or at the entrance to the product holder 500, through which a product strand 002 produced in the machine can already be cross-cut into product sections 001. The product holder 500 is z. B. designed as a stacking boom, in particular as a multiple stacking boom laying out several stacks one behind the other.

In a machine and/or device 100 described above; 100* becomes e.g. B. a web-shaped carrier substrate 006 continuously and preferably on both sides with a dry film 003; 003 'is provided with a smaller width than the carrier substrate width, so that an uncoated edge of the carrier substrate remains on both sides.

Reference symbol list

001

Product, final product, product section, electrode unit

002

Product, intermediate product, product strand, electrode strand

003

Dry film, active material layer, powder composite film (especially solvent-free)

003`

Dry film, active material layer, powder composite film (especially solvent-free)

004

Material, powdery, powder mixture (especially dry)

004`

Material, powdery, powder mixture (especially dry)

005

-

006

Carrier substrate, carrier substrate web, current conductor substrate, current conductor film, web-shaped

007

Bonding promoting or bonding agent, primer, binder, adhesive

007`

Bonding promoting or bonding agent, primer, binder, adhesive

100

Device for coating, coating device, application stage, unit, laminating unit, laminating unit

100*

Device for coating, coating device, application stage, unit, laminating unit, laminating unit

101

Application work, laminating work, first

101'

Application work, laminating work, first

102

Roller, first, metering roller

102`

Roller, first, metering roller

103

Roller, second, laminating roller, counter-pressure roller

103`

Roller, second, laminating roller, counter-pressure roller

104

Gap, first, film formation gap, metering gap, roller gap, nip

104`

Gap, first, film formation gap, metering gap, roller gap, nip

105

-

106

roller, counter-pressure roller

106`

roller, counter-pressure roller

107

Gap, second, lamination gap

107`

Gap, second, lamination gap

108

-

109

Actuator, position based

109'

Actuator, position based

110

-

111

Actuator, force based

111'

Actuator, force based

112

Actuating mechanism, bearing mechanics, linear bearing, force based

112`

Actuating mechanism, bearing mechanics, linear bearing, force based

113

Actuating mechanism, bearing mechanism, three-ring bearing, linear bearing, position-based

113'

Actuating mechanism, bearing mechanics, three-ring linear bearing, position-based

114

Removal device, squeegee, cleaning squeegee

114'

Removal device, squeegee, cleaning squeegee

115

-

116

Removal device, squeegee, side edge squeegee

116'

Removal device, squeegee, side edge squeegee

117

Collection device, collection tray

117'

Collection device, collection tray

118

Roller, further, calender roller

118'

Roller, further, calender roller

119

Actuator, force based

119'

Actuator, force based

120

-

121

Substrate guide element, guide roller, deflection roller

122

Carriers, side parts (base frame)

122'

Carriers, side parts (base frame)

123

suction

123`

suction

124

Limit, side sign

125

-

126

Filling and/or storage space

127

Material acceptance

127`

Material acceptance

128

Frame (order level)

200

Substrate feeder, substrate unwinder, reel changer

201

Roll, substrate roll

202

Substrate guide element, pull roller, positively driven

203

Substrate guide element, dancer roller

204

Web edge control

205

-

206

Gluing device, gluing table

300

Substrate path section, conveyor path, first, upstream side, supply side

301

Substrate guide element, roller, guide roller, deflection roller

302

Pre-treatment station, cleaning station, deionization station

303

Measuring station (support substrate thickness)

304

Pre-treatment station, application station

305

-

306

Pre-treatment station, thermal, temperature control station

307

Substrate guide element, measuring roller

400

Substrate path section, conveyor section, second, downstream side, discharge side

401

Substrate guide element, roller, pull roller, positively driven

402

Cooling device

402*

Cooling device (alternative or additional)

403

Inspection facility

404

Substrate guide element, roller, guide roller, deflection roller

405

-

406

Web tension compensation and/or control device

407

dancer roller

408

Measuring station (product strand thickness)

409

Substrate guide element, measuring roller

500

Product intake, product rewinder, roll changer

501

Product container, roll, product roll

502

Substrate guide element, pull roller, positively driven

503

dancer roller

504

Cooling device, substrate guide element, cooling roller

600

Calendering unit, aggregate, calendering unit

600*

Calendering unit (alternative or additional), aggregate, calendering unit

601

Roller, calender roller, first, heated

601*

Roll, calender roll, first (alternative or additional)

602

Roller, calender roller, second, heated

602*

Roller, calender roller, second (alternative or additional)

603

Frame (calendering unit)

700

Device for feeding powdery material, powder feeding device

700`

Device for feeding powdery material, powder feeding device

701

Dispensing device, dosing device, dosing device with vibration drive dosing shaker

702

Conveyor device, linear conveyor, conveyor belt

703

Provision facility, supply line, storage container

704

Dosing device, linear conveyor, vibration conveyor

705

Roller, deflection roller, drive roller

706

Vibration table

707

Drive means, vibration drive

708

Removal device, removal squeegee

709

Drive means, drive motor

710

-

711

Insertion aid, funnel tray

712

Drive means, drive motor, servo motor

713

Sensor, level sensor

714

Sensor, level sensor, layer level sensor

715

Drive means, actuator

716

Limitation, lateral, lateral guidance

717

Limitation, lateral, lateral guidance

718

-

719

Drive means, actuator

720

-

721

Dosing device, adjusting mechanism

722

Drive means, servomotor

722.x

Drive means, servomotor

723

Control element, flap, slider

723.x

Actuator, flap segment, slider segment, actuator segment

724

Control and/or regulating device

725

-

726

Sensors, powder flow sensors, light barriers, light grids

727

Radiation source, light source

727.x

Radiation source, light source, extended, light bar

728

Sensor, radiation receiver, photodiode, phototransistor

728.x

Sensor, radiation receiver, extended, radiation receiver segments, radiation receiver array, photodiode array, line scan camera

729

Circuit elements, dead time element

730

-

731

Sensors, powder flow sensors

731.x

Sensors, powder flow sensors

732

Baffle element, baffle plate, baffle plate

732.x

Baffle element, baffle plate, baffle plate

733

Sensor, force transducer

733.x

Sensor, force transducer, extended, force transducer array

b003

Width (003; 003`)

b006

Width (006)

d003

Strength (003)

d003'

Strength (003`)

d006

Strength (006)

F

Measurand, force

F.x

Measurand, force

I

Measurand, radiation intensity

I.x

Measurand, radiation intensity

R12

control loop

R14

control loop

R15

control loop

R17

control loop

R34

control loop

R35

control loop

R37

control loop

R82

control loop

R85

control loop

S1

Signal connection, sensor signal

S2

Signal connection, control signal

S3

Signal connection, sensor signal

S4

Signal connection, control signal

S5

Signal connection, control signal

S6

Signal connection, control signal

S7

Signal connection, control signal

S8

Signal connection, sensor signal

T.S

Transport direction (carrier substrate 006)

TP

Conveying direction (powdered material 004)

v

Size representing machine speed

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102017208220 A1 [0002]
• US 2015/0224529 A1 [0003]
• WO 2020/150254 A1 [0004]
• JP 5772427 B2 [0005]
• WO 0132312 A1 [0006]

Claims (10)

Device for feeding powdery material (004; 004') into a nip (104; 104'), which is formed between a first roller (102; 102') and a second roller (103; 103'), with a powder feed device (700 ; 700`), from which powdery material (004; 004`) can be fed to the roller gap (104; 104') or an insertion aid (711) provided above it on a feed width running transversely to the conveying direction ( _TP ), the powder feed device ( 700) powdery material (004; 004') leaving downstream can be fed to the nip (104; 104') or the insertion aid (711) provided above it via a fall path, characterized in that on the fall path there is a path based on the fall path of the powder feed device ( 700) and a sensor system (728; 731) that characterizes the powder flow is provided. Device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the sensor system (728; 731) has at least one radiation source (727) on one side of the fall path and at least one radiation receiver (728; 728.x) on the other side, which, as a variable characterizing the powder flow, has a value for outputs the radiation intensity (I; Ix) registered on the radiation receiver (728; 728.x). Device according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the radiation receiver (728; 728.x) is in signal connection to a control logic or circuit comprised by a control and / or regulating device (724), which on the output side is in signal connection with control means of one or more drive means (704; 712, 715, 722, 722 ) included metering device (704; 721) relevant control circuit (R82; R85). Device according to Claim 3 , characterized in that upstream of the conveyor device (702) there is a dosing device (721) formed by a controllable adjusting mechanism (721) with a drive means (722) through which an outlet from a supply device providing the powdery material (004; 004`) is arranged (703) can be varied in its outlet cross section and which is in a logical signal connection to the radiation receiver (728; 728.x) to form a control loop (R85) via an assigned control logic or circuit. Device according to Claim 3 or 4 , characterized in that the conveyor device (702) is assigned a drive means (712), through which the conveyor device (702) can be driven and which, to form a control loop (R82), via an assigned control logic or circuit in a logical signal connection to the radiation receiver (728; 728.x). Device according to Claim 2 , 3 , 4 or 5 , characterized in that at least one radiation receiver (728.x) or radiation receiver segment (728.x) is provided for several or all subsections, which is provided with an extended or multi-part radiation source (728.x) irradiating the radiation receivers (728.x) or segments of the subsections ( 727.x) work together. Device according to Claim 6 , characterized in that the radiation receivers (728.x) or radiation receiver segments (728.x) for forming control circuits (R85) are in signal connection to a control logic or circuit comprised by a control and / or regulating device (724), which on the output side with control means of several drive means (722.x) of a metering device (721) which can be adjusted in sections or segments in width for section-wise variation of the delivery rate from the metering device (701). Coating device (100; 100*) for dry coating a carrier substrate (006) with a powder composite film (003) with at least one applicator (101), through which powdered material (004) can first be processed into a dry film (003) using a pressing force and subsequently this dry film (003) can be applied to a first side of the carrier substrate (006), in particular by pressing and/or using a contact pressure, the first roller (102) and the second roller (103) of the applicator (101) are arranged in such a way that they form a first roll gap (104) in the nip between their lateral surfaces, through which powdery material (004) can be conveyed to form the dry film (003), characterized in that the powdery material is in the roll gap (104; 104` ) by a device according to one of Claims 1 until 7 can be supplied. Coating device after Claim 8 , characterized in that the second roller (103; 103 ') or one with the second roller (103; 103') directly or via one or more white tere rollers, which interact indirectly and act as a laminating roller, forms a second gap (107) in the nip between their lateral surfaces with a roller (106; 103') which acts as a counter-pressure roller (106; 103 '), through which the carrier substrate (006) can be guided and thereby can be acted upon by the dry film (003) formed over the first gap (104). Coating device after Claim 8 or 9 , characterized in that it comprises a second applicator (101 '), into which powdery material (004') is added via a further device according to one of Claims 1 until 7 can be inserted, processed into a second dry film (003'; 003) and subsequently this second dry film (003'; 003) can be applied to the other, second side of the carrier substrate (006), and that in the second applicator (101') as well a first roller (102') and a second roller (103') are provided in such a way that they form a first gap (104') in the nip between their lateral surfaces, through which powdery material (004) is passed to form the second dry film (003'). ') can be funded through.

Images