EP2481566B1 - Method and system for processing orders to produce sacks - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method according to claim 1 and a system according to claim 13.

For the production of sacks or bags, several machines are often used.

First, pieces of tubing are usually produced from one or more flat webs of material, usually paper and / or plastic webs of tubular machines, by first bundling these webs into a tube, wherein the overlapping edge regions are adhesively bonded together with adhesive. Then the hose is separated into pieces of hose. The machine for forming the hose pieces is called a tube machine. Such a tube machine is in the document DE 197 04 332 A1 disclosed. Hose machines are referred to as machines for the purposes of the present document, as operations on the sacks, sack semi-finished products or subsets of these items are performed, which are necessary for the subsequent use of these items - which includes the transport of bags outside the system.

Another machine is a so-called floor laying machine. In her soils are formed at one or both open ends of these pieces of tubing by the ends to form Bodenrechtecken and triangular pockets be raised. Parts of the Bodenrechtecke are then folded back, in part after the introduction of a Ventilzettels, and glued with adhesive. This creates a bag that can be filled. In addition, inside bars and / or bottom cover sheets can be glued on to suitable places in this machine. Finally, the sacks are arranged into sack stacks. Important functions of floor laying machines are the pamphlets DE 195 40 148 A1 . DE 195 40 150 A1 . DE 196 21 586 A1 . DE 103 09 893 A1 . DE 103 27 646 A1 . EP 1 892 086 A1 and DE 103 30 750 A1 refer to.
In another machine, the palletizing machine, the sack stacks can be arranged on pallets, so that a large number of sacks can be transported away in a simple manner. The pamphlets DE 100 22 272 . DE 103 09 131 and DE 10 2005 049 964 A1 show such palletizers. Also, the palletization of the sack stack is one of the steps that are necessary for the use of sacks outside the production system or that determine the nature and efficiency of their use.
This is partly due to the high proportion that transport costs for the product "bags" can have. Therefore, a space-saving and secure palletizing is necessary.
Other machines can be integrated in the production process.
In the context of this patent application, machines are to be understood as meaning all machines which process or process, treat, arrange or make other changes to material, for example material webs, pieces of tubing or finished sacks. The machines are assigned control components which control the functions and units necessary for the operation of the machine. Such control components may be hardware elements such as a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or an IPC (Industrial PC). Software code can also be part of the control components. The control can be done on the basis of the requirements imposed by the operator. For example, the operating personnel can specify the production speed.

Between these machines storage and transport devices are often used, which have a plurality of bands.
In each case at least one transport or storage device can be provided between the individual machines, which connects the machines to one another. This means that the workpieces, ie the pieces of hose or sacks, can be transported between the machines with these transport and / or storage devices, whereby these devices can hold a certain amount of workpieces (storage volume). Each workpiece or semi-finished sack, which is taken over by a transport and / or storage device of a machine, so it is not processed immediately by the following in the production flow machine. Rather, the workpiece dwells in this device. This allows sufficient drying of the adhesives. In addition, a buffer is created in case one of the machines can not work with sufficient capacity. The transport and / or storage devices thus represent a memory. In the transport and storage devices usually no changes are made to the workpieces. It comes in the storage and transport devices only to a change of location, which plays no role in the use of the subsequent product. Often the workpieces in the storage and transport devices are also turned, rotated and pressed.
The workpieces can be transported or stored individually, but preferably in stacks. These stacks are a form of subsets of the aforementioned sacks or semi-finished sacks.
Such a transport and / or storage facility is in the WO 2005/018923 A1 disclosed.
Storage and transport devices are also used only for storage in the generic methods and systems. In this case, they are downstream of a machine. These storage and transport devices transport the bags or semi-finished sacks. The storage and transport devices contain conveyor belts. Among the important steps that can be performed in storage and transport devices, the turning of the sacks, semi-finished bag or the Bag stack. This is necessary in order to bring about a different orientation of the bag valves to the bag seams (originally seam of the hose produced in the tube machine) in the case of different jobs. Often also plays a different orientation of the valve to the printed image, with which the bag walls are often provided, also a role.

According to the prior art, only stacks of sacks or semi-finished sacks are actually transported by the storage and transport devices.

The DE 1 298 873 B shows a method and a system for processing multiple orders for the production of sacks. In this case, at least two machines are used, wherein at least one tube machine is provided. In addition, at least one storage and transport device is used for transport tasks. Finally, a control unit is provided which distributes the hose pieces produced by the hose machine by controlling a switch on two floor laying devices.

The EP 1614 628 A2 , the DE 20 2007 012 351 U1 and the DE 102 57 200 A1 show production systems in which a product stream is split into several finishing machines. However, paper sacks are not manufactured with these production systems. The GB 2 127 582 A shows a flow control of a production process. The DE 44 97 816 B4 discloses a device in which sensors always record the positions of a load in order to track the load.

The production of sacks is expensive. Factors that strongly affect production costs include machine run times, labor costs, and raw material costs. Machine runtimes are sensitively influenced by plannable and unpredictable production slowdowns and interruptions. The optimization of the manufacturing costs of the overall process of bag making is often complicated by the fact that control components and machine operators exclusively individual machines and that there is no clarity about the consequences of individual control measures on a machine on the efficiency of the overall process. Difficulties in optimizing the overall process have continued to increase in recent years because of the tendency in some sectors of the industry to smaller, increasingly differentiated contracts. Especially in view of the large number of individual features that can be designed differently in the sack production, the optimization of the overall process has become increasingly difficult.

Therefore, it is a constant effort of the skilled person to increase the efficiency of bag production in the execution of at least one order and to remedy the above-mentioned weaknesses of the methods and systems of the prior art.
This object is solved by the claims 1 and 13.

In the present invention, a control unit is transmitted manufacturing data of two machines. As a rule, the control unit will be connected to sensors and / or control components for this purpose. These Manufacturing data may relate to the number of bags produced in a given period of time. However, manufacturing data may also indicate production deviations that have occurred in a number of bags or semi-finished sacks (for example, 1000 sacks in this and that range are of limited but still acceptable quality and have therefore not been rejected).

This control unit also knows parameters and / or the scope of the at least one order for the production of sacks. The circumference may be indicated by a number of bags. The parameters can consist of information about the sack format or other job specifics (eg position of the bag valve to the longitudinal seam, etc.).
The relevant information can be communicated to the control unit, inter alia, by means of information from the commercial or material flow-related data processing systems of the bag making operation via suitable interfaces. However, manual entries or the like are also conceivable.

From these data or quantities, the control device determines forecasts and / or recommendations and / or control commands that relate to the further production process. For this purpose, it is advantageous to set the control unit specifically, which is usually to provide them with a corresponding program.
In such a program, inter alia, empirical values z. B. are stored at maximum production speeds of certain bag formats in at least one machine.

• dass die Steuereinheit eine Produkt- oder Auftragsgrenze in der Speicher und Transportvorrichtung verfolgt,
• dass zumindest einer Teilmenge der Säcke oder Sackhalbzeuge, die das System bearbeitet, von der Steuervorrichtung Daten, welche Eigenschaften der Teilmenge charakterisieren, zugeordnet werden,
• dass im Rahmen einer ersten Lokalisierung der Aufenthaltsort der zumindest einen Teilmenge, der Daten zugeordnet sind, zumindest zu einem ersten Zeitpunkt ermittelt wird,
• dass die Steuereinheit im Rahmen zumindest einer zweiten Lokalisierung aufgrund der ersten Lokalisierung und weiterer Produktionsdaten den Aufenthaltsort dieser Teilmenge zu einem zweiten Zeitpunkt ermittelt
• und dass die erste Lokalisierung zu einem Zeitpunkt festgestellt wird, wenn die Teilemenge einen Punkt passiert, wobei dieser Punkt zumindest einer der folgenden Punkte ist:
• Übergabestelle zwischen einer Maschine und einer Lagertransportvorrichtung,
• Querschneidevorrichtung der Schlauchmaschine,
• Sensoreinheit, die unter anderem in einer Lager- oder Transportvorrichtung arbeitet.

Furthermore, the invention provides

• that the control unit tracks a product or order limit in the storage and transport device,
• that at least a subset of the sacks or semi-finished sacks that the system processes are assigned by the control device data characterizing properties of the subset,
• in the context of a first localization, the location of the at least one subset associated with the data is determined at least for a first time,
• in the context of at least one second localization, the control unit determines the location of this subset at a second time on the basis of the first localization and further production data
• and that the first location is detected at a time when the part amount passes a point, which point is at least one of:
• Transfer point between a machine and a storage transport device,
• Cross cutting device of the hose machine,
• Sensor unit, which works among other things in a storage or transport device.

Advantageously, the control device also has information about the at least one storage and transport device. Especially advantageous here are information about storage volumes for different bag formats. Advantageously, the control device also communicates with the at least one storage and transport device and, for example, queries the stock allocation or production data of the upstream machine.
Forecasts issued by the control device may include the production duration of an order as well as the quantity of material still required. The

Control device can estimate due to a knowledge of tool life and necessary maintenance intervals also times at which they are due. Often, however, it is even more advantageous if the control device gives recommendations to the machine operator at favorable points in time of such plannable events or if it triggers such events by means of control commands.
Forecasts and / or recommendations and / or control commands can be adjusted by the control unit - quasi iteratively - from time to time against the background of new production data. The intervals at which these adjustments are made may be the same or different time intervals. But even in the face of events in production new forecasts and / or recommendations and / or commands can be given.
It is advantageous if the control unit gives forecasts and / or recommendations and / or control commands to the desired storage levels of the at least one storage and transport device. Such target stock levels may change in the course of processing an order. It is often advantageous not only to drive such storage and transport devices as fully as possible, but to define a lower and an upper limit of the desired range.
It is also advantageous if the control device has been fed with data for various orders. In this way, you can also perform calculations on the best order of orders, based on their forecasts and / or recommendations and / or commands.

It has been found that methods according to the invention and systems with great advantages, which include a further increase in efficiency, can be used if at least one storage and transport device is used in a different manner than is the case in the prior art.

The first volume of this storage and transport device of the prior art is used as a collection tape. This means that successive stacks of sacks or sacked semi-finished products will be handed over to this first volume. For this purpose, the tape is moved intermittently or stepwise. The respective stride length is enough to receive a stack. After a a certain number N of steps and handoffs, the belt is filled with stacks of bags or semi-finished sacks.
Tapes that collect a certain number of stacks in the manner described are therefore called collection tapes. The finally filled first band of the storage device then transfers the determined number N of stacks en bloc to the subsequent band, in that the first band carries out a conveying movement which is suitable for receiving the number N of stacks. This conveying movement corresponds essentially to the expansion of the belt in the conveying direction. To accommodate and store this number of stacks, the second tape (which in the language of the skilled person is a storage and transport tape here) performs an equal or similar movement. If the third band (also a storage and conveyor belt) is empty, then the second band advances its entire charge directly to the third band by giving it a roughly double instead of the aforementioned equal movement (equal to the movement of the first band) as long as movement carries out. In prior art methods, this type of transfer of the stacks continues until either a full storage and conveyor belt is reached, or until the delivery belt is reached. This delivery band gets in normal operation again the whole number of stacks N as part of an en bloc transfer. The delivery belt then successively delivers these stacks to the second machine by moving intermittently with step lengths tuned to the stack extent in the transport direction. The delivery tape thus works largely mirror images of the anthology.
In summary, therefore, to say that storage and transport devices of the prior art have collection belts, storage and conveyor belts and delivery belts. The collection tapes are the first tapes of the storage and transport devices, the delivery tapes the last. Between the aforementioned bands a number of storage and conveyor belts is arranged. In some cases, such storage and conveyor belts are also associated with additional devices, such as a press plate, with which the stacks on the belt are pressed.

According to the prior art, there are storage and transport devices of the aforementioned type between the hose machine and Bodenlegemaschine and between Bodenlegemaschine and palletizer.

If the first belt that follows the machine preceding the storage and transport device in the direction of transport of the bags is not a pure collector belt, there are a number of advantages that increase the efficiency of the process or system.
Often then at least one other band of the storage and transport device will be used as an anthology. For this purpose, this one band then collects at least two stacks before releasing them. The stacks are then collected again by intermittent operation. Again, the particular stride length of the movement may be adapted to the length of the stacks, but other stride lengths may occur, especially if no number N of stacks capable of filling the band is more likely.
Notwithstanding the foregoing considerations, further belts of the transport device may be used in the traditional manner as a storage and transport belt.
It is advantageous if the last band of the storage and transport device is just used as a collection tape.
A simple example can demonstrate the increase in efficiency in a special case:
The system consists of a hose machine (here first machine) and a floor laying machine (here second machine) and an intermediate storage and transport device, which is completely empty at the start of production. Now it is efficiency-enhancing, when the first piece of hose piece produced by the hose machine is immediately passed through the entire storage and transport device and passed to the floor laying machine on. In the further course of production, the tube machine can often book speed advantages over the Bodenlegevorrichtung, so that the last band of the storage and transport device collects pieces of tubing. The collecting movement can advantageously also be the delivery movement at the same time.

In the methods or systems according to the invention, the memory allocation can be improved by flexible distance amounts for moving the bands, which can have both signs.

Often customer orders are made on sacks. The sacks of these orders may differ or not (more exactly the design of the bags may differ or not). In both cases, there is a need to know when and where the job is finished and when or where the other one starts. Even within an order, gaps that may arise, among other things, due to production irregularities or rejections, can be closed by flexible conveyor lines. It is also advantageous to close gaps between different orders. For this purpose, it is provided that the boundary between the jobs or even the position of individual sack or hose piece stack is known in the system. Below are presented methods for tracking subsets of sacks and sack semi-finished products, which include the aforementioned stacks. It is advantageous to display the abovementioned limits and / or positions of subsets of sacks and sack semi-finished products - to which stacks belong - to the machine operator.
It is advantageous if the control device associated with a system is programmed to perform various modes of operation. These can include the fastest possible start of production with as fast as possible passing of stacks from machine to machine. Another mode may be normal operation, which is similar to the prior art method described above.

The above-described machines and storage and transport devices associated with a system are collectively referred to as components of a system throughout this document.

• dass zumindest einer Teilmenge der Säcke oder Sackhalbzeuge, die das System bearbeitet, von einer Steuervorrichtung Daten zugeordnet werden,
• dass im Rahmen einer ersten Lokalisierung der Aufenthaltsort der zumindest einen Teilmenge, der Daten zugeordnet sind, zumindest zu einem ersten Zeitpunkt ermittelt wird,
• und dass die Steuervorrichtung im Rahmen zumindest einer zweiten Lokalisierung aufgrund der ersten Lokalisierung und weiterer Produktionsdaten den Aufenthaltsort dieser Teilmenge zu einem zweiten Zeitpunkt ermittelt.

In order - as indicated above - to follow subsets of sacks or sack semi-finished products, which include stacks, or to track product boundaries as they pass through the system, it is additionally provided according to the invention:

• that at least a subset of the bags or semi-finished sacks, addressed by the system, are assigned by a control device data,
• that is at least, determines a subset of the associated data at least at a first time in a first location of the location,
• and in that the control device determines the location of this subset at a second time in the context of at least one second localization on the basis of the first localization and further production data.

As regards the first indent above, it should be understood that a subset of the sacks or semi-finished sacks may of course consist of one or more of these articles. Often the subset will be present as a stack of these items. This subset should be assigned to data. These data may include one bit (eg, "subset is there or not") or they may form a data set that contains data about the subsets and thus more or less completely characterizes that subset.

The second indent deals with a first localization of the subset in the system. This is that the location of the subset in the system associated with the data is determined at least one time. This can be done by outputting a signal when a subset - like the first or last subset of an order - passes a certain point in the system. This point may be the transfer point between a machine and a storage transport device, but it may also be the cross-cutting device of the hose machine or a sensor unit which operates, inter alia, in a storage or transport device.
In this context, inter alia, optical, mechanical or ultrasound-based sensors come into question.
The third indent deals with at least one second localization, which consists in determining, based on the first localization and further production data, the location of the at least one subset at a second time. For these other production data, the Production speed (speed of subsets in the system) belong. As a rule, speed also includes the location of at least one location and the time it took place. In particular, the speed can be replaced by other quantities such as the number of subsets between two localizations and / or by sensor signals.

Thus, in a simple embodiment of this teaching, as noted, a first location may be made by outputting a one-bit signal when a particular subset passes a particular point in the system. The still necessary production data can exist in the machine speed. Because of this machine speed, the control unit can calculate when the subset will reach certain other points in the system, such as certain processing stations. In this example, the distance between the locations is important.
Alternatively or additionally, the signals from sensors and / or actuators can be evaluated as production data to determine the location of a subset at which a first localization was made. Thus, based on the knowledge of the number P of subsets lying between the locations of the first and second locations, the controller may determine the time of the second location. For example, there are five subsets between these two locations, each subset triggers a signal as it passes, and the sixth, after the first localization, that subset that has already undergone a first localization arrives at the location of the second location.

Due to the previous localizations and production data, further localizations may be made due to the first localization or, more generally, due to a previous localization and other production data. The other localizations will also be referred to as second localization.

In general, one could say that some localization can be made on the basis of the data of a localization and the other production data, where n is smaller than m.

There are simple methods or systems are conceivable in which only a machine and a storage and transport device is used and in which the gain in efficiency is achieved in that due to a second location in the storage and transport device is clear at which point subsets of old and the new order are located so that they can be supplied without loss of time in the correct form of their further utilization. In particular, if the subsets in the transport and storage device maintain their order, it is already very helpful here if the order or product boundary is to be clearly defined by the second localization. This can already be the case if either the last subset of the old order or the first subset of the new order is located.

In many systems, it is advantageous if the first localization takes place directly in the first system component. Then, for example, a second localization can be made in the second system component. Appropriate locations for locations include exits. Often these are downstream of the machines or certain processing stations in the transport direction of the sacks and sack semi-finished, with such a downstream separating wedge may also belong structurally to the machine in question. Often, the first subsets that pass through these separation points, so separated at the switch, as they are subject to quality defects by the incomplete setting and / or the production start. The first subset of the good production that remains in the system and is not rejected at least at that point can then advantageously be located.

As mentioned, the data associated with the at least one subset may include whole data sets that comprise at least a portion of the Characterize production parameters or properties of the subsets. At this point, for example, only the bottom center distance and the position of the valve relative to the hose seam are mentioned. Due to the importance of this property, the question of whether a subset in a storage and transport device has ever been turned and / or rotated, be very important, so that this property of a subset (turned yes / no, as turned) advantageously in one Record can be recorded.

In advanced methods of this kind, such data sets may at least be supplemented by the system during the passage of the subsets. In this case, changes in the processing state of the respective subset, production errors or other data can be added to their nature.
It is also advantageous if two or more subsets per job are located at least twice. Because of this at least two localizations of a closed sequence of subsets, it is possible to locate all subsets of this sequence. All of these subsets may then be assigned data and other production data if necessary.

In particular, if a closed sequence of subsets is localized at least twice, it is advantageous if the (premature) purging of subsets is taken into account in tracking the path of subsets through the system. This can be done, inter alia, by sensors on separation switches or by the recording of the control signals which go to the Ausscheideweiche.
It is advantageous if, based on the data, different functional components of the system are changed over from a first to a second format. This can be, above all, the functional components of the second and third machine of a system.

Particularly in the case of functional components of the floor laying machine, it can be advantageous if these are successively changed over. In very advanced embodiments of such systems can in this way Promote the conversion to suitable functional components within the system of the product or order limit.
It is particularly advantageous if several machines simultaneously execute different jobs in one system. If these two machines are connected to one another by a transport and storage unit, they can accept subsets of the new order and at the same time deliver subsets of the old order. As a result of the measures already described, the control unit can track the product or order limit in the storage and transport device and / or track the path of the individual subsets through this device if the respective sequence of subsets has been completely localized. In the latter case, any, z. B. particularly space-saving arrangement of subsets in the storage and transport device possible, which does not strictly adhere to the manufacturing sequence of subsets.
If the operator can track the run of the product boundary through the system due to localizations, or even the course of a majority or all of the subsets through the system, this is of great benefit. For this purpose, the control device can drive a suitable display unit. Among other things, the machine operator knows better which additional manual measures he should carry out.
Suitable systems may include control devices adapted to carry out the method of the invention described and claimed in this document. It is advantageous here, even if the memory and transport devices are assigned intelligent control devices. These can be networked via interfaces with at least one control device of the system.

In the present document on the one hand the terms control unit, control device and control device and on the other hand, the terms sacks and bags used synonymously. However, it is recognized that the invention is even more advantageous in bags than in bags.
It is of great advantage if various, or even all presented in this document method by the control unit of the system be carried out automatically. For this purpose, the control device can be set up accordingly. This device can be made by programming. This programming can also be done using data carriers or modern data transmission methods such as e-mail, chatting or remote maintenance methods.

Fig. 1

Seitenansicht einer Schlauchmaschine in einem erfindungsgemäßen System

Fig. 2

schematischen Darstellung der in einer Bodenlegemaschine ablaufenden Fertigungsschritte

Fig. 3

schematische Darstellung einer Ablageeinrichtung

Fig. 4

Ansicht einer Palettiermaschine

Fig. 5

Seitenansicht einer ersten Speicher- und Transportvorrichtung

Fig. 6

Draufsicht auf eine ersten Speicher- und Transportvorrichtung und eine Schlauchmaschine

Fig. 7

Schematische Darstellung eines Systems zur Produktion von Säcken

Further embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the claims.
The individual figures show:

Fig. 1

Side view of a hose machine in a system according to the invention

Fig. 2

schematic representation of the running in a floor laying machine manufacturing steps

Fig. 3

schematic representation of a storage device

Fig. 4

View of a palletizer

Fig. 5

Side view of a first storage and transport device

Fig. 6

Top view of a first storage and transport device and a hose machine

Fig. 7

Schematic representation of a system for the production of sacks

Fig. 1 shows a hose machine 1 as part of a system according to the invention. Shown is such a machine for producing a four-ply hose. However, four layers are not limitative; hoses with more or less layers can also be produced. The individual webs 6, 7 are withdrawn from successively arranged and in unwinding devices 2, 3 mounted material rolls 4, 5. Only two unwinding devices are shown. The material rolls 4, 5 are rotatably mounted in frames 8, 9. The withdrawn tracks 6, 7 run over guide rollers to the preference devices. The webs 6, 7, 10, 11 are pulled forward by driven preferred means, each of which is the driven feed roller 12 and the wrap angle Enlarging guide roller 13 is. Behind the feed rollers 12, 13 there is arranged a web provided with pinholes which consists of a counterpressure roller 14 over which the drawn web runs and to which a needle roller 15 can be placed, which strips the web either over its entire width or in strips with pinholes which serves to vent the sacks made from the webs.

Now, each paper web runs from the needle roller to the knife roller 16, which can be adjusted to a counter-pressure roller 17. The knife roller 16 creates a transverse perforation that forms the later tear line. The paper webs then run into a stand 18, in which the webs 6, 7 and 10 are provided on both sides of the transverse perforations by adhesive applicator rollers 19 with transverse adhesive strips. After merging the webs by means of the deflection rollers 20, these run over adhesive application rollers 21, which provide the webs with adhesive orders in the longitudinal direction. This is followed by the hose forming station 22, which essentially comprises guide elements, such as guide plates, with which the outer edges of the webs are folded over and laid one on top of the other. The thus formed tube 23 now enters a tear-off 24, in which the tube 23 ruptures along the transverse perforation and is separated in this way in pieces of tubing 25. Such Abreißwerk is for example from the EP 0 711 724 A1 known. From several pieces of tubing 25 26 pieces of tubing 27 are now formed in the stacking device, which are discharged via a first transport device 28.

The tube machine includes a plurality of rollers that can be driven. In addition to the already mentioned feed rollers 12 further rollers may be formed as drive rollers. The machine or production speed can be measured by rotary encoders on the drive rollers (not shown) or by rotary encoders on a guide roller. As an example, the guide roller 29 includes a rotary encoder 30. It is also conceivable to measure the transport speed of a web directly.

The circumference of the material rolls 4 and 5 can be measured via sensors 31, 32. In addition, with knowledge of the diameter of the cores 35, the remaining amount of the material determined and thus the time of the latest roll change can be predetermined. As an alternative, rotary encoders 33, 34 are available, which measure the rotational speeds of the material rolls. Taking into account the production speed, the time of the roll change can be determined.

A further sensor 36 determines the number of tube pieces 25 in the tube piece stack 27. The data of the sensors and rotary encoders 30-34 and 36 can be made accessible to the control unit 38 via a data line 37. Further sensors and / or measuring devices at other locations of the machine are conceivable, and they would also be connected to the control unit 38 via the data line 37. The control unit 38 now controls the drives via the control line 39. By way of example, it is shown that the control line 39 leads to the drive of the deflection roller 12.

As already mentioned, sensors for the first localization of a subset of sack components can already be mounted in the hose machine 1. Alternatively or additionally, of course, control signals can also be used. At the separation of the tube to pieces of tubing, especially the knife rollers 16, which perforates or weakens the webs 6 at the later Abreißstellen and the Abreißwerk 24 involved. Sensor or control signals for localization can be obtained, inter alia, at the knife rollers or tear-off stations. As far as the hose machine has its own control device, this can absorb the data to a localization and pass on the transfer of the respective subset of pieces of hose to the next component of the system to another control device of the system or continue to use themselves if they themselves localization in further system components.

Also, the first storage and transport device 28, which is another system component in this case, is in terms of their transport speed controlled by the control device 38 via a control line 40. At least one occupancy sensor 41 can be provided in order to be able to determine the degree of filling of this first transport device 28. Further sensors may be provided for localizing portions of hose pieces in the first transport device 28. In the Figures 1 and 2 Only a section of this storage and transport device 28 is shown

It is not shown that between the unwinding devices 2, 3 and the feed rollers 12 at least one printing press can still be arranged, the unwound webs, usually one of the webs, printed. Also on or in this printing machine operating parameters can be determined or calculated. These sensors may be present, for example, monitor the level of the ink in the color tanks. Operating parameters of the printing press can be transmitted to the control device via data lines (not shown). These operating parameters can then be used as manufacturing data from the control unit for setting or suggesting manufacturing speeds of machines.

The FIG. 2 shows a Bodenlegemaschine 50, which are supplied via the first conveyor 28 hose piece stack 27.
The first transport device 28 may consist of different elements. Thus, a plurality of transport devices can be provided. Some of these may be used for vertical transport or to change the orientation of the tube pieces relative to their transport direction. Also, one or more bearing elements may be provided, in which the hose pieces can dwell certain times. Such a bearing element is for example in the EP 1 593 614 described.

The floor laying machine 50 takes over the hose pieces 25 so that their orientation, that is the orientation of the longitudinal adhesive seam, is transverse to the transport direction. It should be noted, however, that there are already four possibilities, the longitudinal adhesive seam relative to the bottom laying device and thus relatively at least one introduced by the Bodenlegevorrichtung Position the valve. So the longitudinal gluing seam can point upwards or downwards. However, since it is by no means always located in the middle of a bag wall, it may be closer or farther from the leading edge of the tube piece. These possibilities result in the four alignment variants mentioned, which are fully exploited on different orders. For advanced bag production systems, alignment should be done automatically. An advantageous place for this orientation - which may include a turn of subsets - is the first storage and transport device 28.

When the hose pieces 25 are transferred from the transport device 28 to the floor laying machine 50, they are separated by a separating device 51, which, as in FIG FIG. 2 indicated as a rotary feeder may be pronounced, taken individually from the hose piece stack. An alignment and transport device 52 transports the tube pieces 25 on and at the same time ensures good alignment of the position of the tube pieces 25 in their transport plane.

A double belt conveyor 53 takes over the individual pieces of tubing 25 and conveys them to the individual processing stations, which in a known manner at one or both ends of the pieces of tubing 25 form soils. These processing stations usually contain functional components that work on the bags. Some of these functional components may need to be converted to new formats when changing jobs. With the help of actuators at least a part of these functional components can be changed without manual intervention. For this purpose, these actuators can be controlled by control devices for conversion. The timing of the activation may depend on the localizations described. This can also apply to other components of the system.
In the floor laying machine 50, the ends are raised in a first step, so that open bottom rectangles are formed to form lateral triangular pockets. Subsequently, a valve leaflet 54 are glued. For this purpose, the valve leaflets and / or regions of the tube piece 25 provided with adhesive from a so-called glue applicator. The valve pad 54 are usually made of paper and are created by cutting individual pieces of the material web 55, which is provided as web roll 56 available. Analogous to the web rolls 4 and 5 in the tube machine 1 sensors 57 and / or rotary encoder 58 may be provided at this point, which are connected via data lines 59 to the control unit 38 to ultimately determine the time of an upcoming roll change in advance can. Components of the glue applicator, such as a glue reservoir, may also be equipped with sensors. The control unit 38 controls via a control line 60, inter alia, the peripheral speed of the drive wheel 61 of the double belt conveyor 53 and thus the production speed of the floor laying machine 50. Also, the preferred speed of the web 55 is controlled in such, but not shown manner.

After sticking the valve leaflet 54, the soil is added and possibly glued. Finally, a bottom cover sheet 62 can be glued to reinforce the finished floor. The bottom cover sheets 62 are for this purpose of a material web 63, which is provided by a web roll 64, isolated. As in the case of the valve pad 54, corresponding sensors, rotary encoders, data lines and / or control lines are also provided here, but this is not shown for the sake of simplicity.

The bags 65 made from pieces of tubing 25 are taken over by a second storage and transport device 66 and transported away. Often the sacks 65 are in dandruff (see FIG. 3 ) arranged.

The scales will, as in the FIG. 3 can be seen, transferred from the second storage and transport device to a so-called storage device 67. This depositing device 67 transports the sacks 65 via certain paths and thereby takes a compression of the freshly prepared soils in order to ensure a permanently strong bonding. The transport distance in the storage device is relatively long to allow sufficient drying of the bond. Also the Storage device 67 is in the case shown a part of the system and a localization of subsets in the storage device 67 may be advantageous. The second storage and transport device 66 can in turn be subdivided into a plurality of transport and / or storage facilities. After passing through the depositing device 67, the sacks 65 reach a third transport device 68, which transports the sacks 65 to a scissor counting and separating device (not shown). This separates the scales and arranges the sacks 65 to bag stacks 69 with a certain number of bags 65 at. Such a Schuppenzähl- and separation station is for example in the DE 10 2004 055 325 B4 shown and explained. The scissor counting and separating station often still follow one or more further transport and / or storage facilities, such as those described for the area between the hose machine 1 and the floor laying machine 50. In the area behind the screed counting and separating station, individual sacks or sack stacks are often randomly removed ("discharged"), subjected to quality control and then re-inserted into the transport chain ("introduced"). Also the time of the control can be regarded as storage. It is advantageous if a control device Einschleusungs- and Ausschleusungsvorgänge are also reported at other points of the system and this takes into account these localization processes.

The FIG. 4 shows a palletizer 70 as an embodiment of an apparatus with which a plurality of bags can be arranged to a transportable bag composite. Another such device is, for example, a device in which bags arranged in a scaled state are wound into rolls with the aid of bands or strips.

In addition to the palletizing machine 70 is in FIG. 4 a fourth storage and transport device 71 which brings the sack stack 69 in the range of movement of a gripping device 72. The gripping device 72 engages in each case a sack stack 69 and arranges it on a pallet 73. Sensors may also be provided in the palletizing machine which monitor, for example, the current occupancy of the pallet 72. The sensors are connected to the control unit 38 via data lines, not shown. The control unit 38 can propose and / or adjust the palletizing speed of the palletizing machine taking into account operating parameters and production speeds of other machines.
The FIGS. 5 and 6 are concerned with the representation of a first storage and transport device 28 according to the prior art. This in FIG. 5 in the side view device shown not shown hose packages of the hose machine 1, in FIG. 5 merely shown as a rectangle supplied.
In FIG. 6 showing a plan view of the tube machine 1 and the first storage and transport device 28, it can be seen that the tube packages in the embodiment shown after leaving the tube machine first on the conveyor belt 101, the rotating station 102 and the conveyor belt 103 run. By the corner roller 105 a first alignment of the packages takes place. The turning station 105 may turn the hose pacts to set the alignment of the hose seam to the later bag valve according to the order. The collecting belt 106 runs intermittently when receiving the hose piece stacks, the step length being adapted to the dimensions of the hose pieces in the transporting direction z thereof. In this way, it is possible with methods of the prior art, first to fill the anthology adequately. After filling the collecting belt, this emits its entire charge in the context of a transport cycle to the following storage belt 107. This means that in the context of this transfer, the collection volume is moved approximately by its extent in the transport direction z of the subsets.
If the following storage line is empty, the group of pieces of tubing pieces that have filled the collecting tape, in this way (delivery of all pieces of a storage tape stack - ie the group of hose piece stacks - to the next volume) in the context of a continuous cycle) then through the whole Storage path 109 through promoted until it reaches the collection belt 110 and initially completely filled. This collection tape runs again intermittently in the delivery of the hose piece stack to the rotary feeder 111, wherein the length of the steps is again adapted to the length of the individual pieces of tubing.
In this way, individual hose piece stacks can be transferred to the rotary feeder 111 again. It should also be mentioned that in the present embodiment, the first storage belt is equipped with a press plate. The pressing of the hose pieces with the press plate consolidates the hose seam.
In the illustrated embodiment of a first storage and transport device, the transport direction z changes by the folded arrangement of the bands 106, 107, 108, 110, which often occurs in such devices, as in this way the space in the machine shop better for storage purposes make use of.
In FIG. 7 a schematic of a system for making sacks is shown. In the tube machine 1, tube stacks are produced, which are transferred to the first storage and transport device 28 at the transfer point 114. In prior art devices, this is accomplished by fully driving the accumulation belt 106 in intermittent operation. If the collecting belt 106 is filled, it discharges its entire charge, that is to say a group of pieces of hose pieces, to the downstream storage belt 107. This memory band is the first of its kind in a whole series of such bands 107, 108, which are also called memory segment 109. At the end of the first storage and transport device 28 is again a retrieval tape 110, which is fed en bloc from the upstream storage belt 108, but successively delivers the hose piece stack to the not shown rotary feeder 111 of the bottom layer 50. When handing over the stack of sacks 50 made from the stack to the second illustrated storage and transport device 66 and the transfer of the sack stack 69 from the second illustrated storage and transport device 66 to the palletizing machine 70, the described processes repeat mutatis mutandis. In the illustrated embodiment of a system, all the components 1, 28, 50, 66, 70 of the system 115 each have a control device 38. These intelligent devices 38 are networked via interfaces with at least one other control device 38 of the system 115.

The respectively assigned components 1, 28, 50, 66, 70 of the system 115 control the control devices 38 via control lines 37.

Other embodiments of the system 115 may also operate with a smaller number of controllers 38. In general, it should be advantageous if a control device system-higher control commands.
The in the Figures 5-7 The systems 115 shown above have been described above in terms of their function as prior art systems. As already mentioned, it is advantageous, inter alia, to operate the first band of the storage and transport devices 28, 66, referred to as collecting band 106, at least temporarily, not as an accumulation band. The function of collecting at least two stacks 27, 69 can then be perceived by one of the subsequent bands 106, 107, 108, 110. Exemplary embodiments have already been explained in which the polling band also performs this function. Depending on the fill level of the memory link 109, this function can also be perceived by other bands.
In a system 115 in which the control devices 38 are networked with each other, as in the in FIG. 7 is shown, each of the control devices can submit the forecasts, recommendations or commands, if they bring along the necessary hardware requirements in addition to the necessary equipment.

Further embodiments are set forth in the introductory description and the subclaims. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 1 tuber 2 unwinding 3 unwinding 4 material roll 5 material roll 6 train 7 train 8th frame 9 frame 10 train 11 train 12 advancement roller 13 guide roll 14 Backing roll 15 needle roller 16 knife roll 17 Backing roll 18 stand 19 Adhesive applicator roll 20 guide rollers 21 Adhesive applicator roll 22 Tube formation station 23 tube 24 tear-off 25 hose Connector 26 stacking station 27 Hose piece stack 28 first storage and transport device 29 deflecting 30 encoders 31 sensor 32 sensor 33 encoders 34 encoders 35 mandrel 36 sensor 37 data line 38 control unit 39 control line 40 control line 41 occupancy sensor 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Floor planter 51 separating device 52 Alignment and transport device 53 Double belt conveyors 54 valve List 55 web 56 Web roll 57 sensor 58 encoders 59 data line 60 control line 61 drive wheel 62 Bottom cover sheet 63 web 64 Web roll 65 bag 66 second storage and transport device 67 Bin Setup 68 third storage and transport device 69 bag stack 70 palletizer 71 fourth storage and transport device 72 gripper 73 palette 74 rotary feeder 100 101 conveyor belt 102 turning station 103 conveyor belt 104 Corner roller belt with slider 105 turning station 106 anthology 107 Storage tape with press plate 108 Storage belt swiveling 109 storage line 110 polling band 111 Feeder / rotary feeder 112 113 interfaces 114 Transfer point between the hose machine and the first storage and transport device 115 System for the production of sacks 116 z Arrow in the transport direction of the subsets

Claims (13)

1. A method for processing several orders to produce sacks (65),

   - in which at least two machines (1, 50, 70) are used, wherein at least one tube machine (1) is provided

   - in which at least one storage- and transport device (28, 66) is used for transport tasks,

   - and in which a control unit (38) is provided,
   characterized in

   - that manufacturing data of the at least two machines (1, 50, 70) are transmitted to the control unit (38),

   - wherein the control unit (38) knows parameters and/or scope of the orders,

   - wherein the control unit determines prognoses, recommendations and control commands for the further production process from these variables and

   - wherein control unit (38) follows a product- or order limit in the storage and transport device,

   - that at least one subset of sacks (65) or sack semi-finished products (23, 25), which the system (115) processes, are assigned data by the control unit (38), which characterize properties of the subset,

   - that as part of a first localization the location of the at least one subset, to which data are assigned, is determined at least at a first point in time,

   - that the control unit (38), as part of at least a second localization based on the first localization and further production data, determines the location of this subset at a second point in time

   - and that the first localization is detected at a point in time, if the subset passes a point, wherein said point is at least one of the following points:

   - transfer point between a machine and a storage transport device

   - transverse cutting device of the tube machine

   - sensor unit, which among other things operates in a storage- or transport device.
2. A method according to the preceding claim,
   characterized in that
   the manufacturing data comprise parameters and/or scope of the manufacturing results and parameters and/or scope of the storage levels.
3. A method according to the preceding claim,
   characterized in that
   at least one of the follow data is transmitted as parameter and/or scope of the manufacturing results to the control unit:

   - the length of the already produced tube (23)

   - the number of the already individualized tube sections (25)

   - the number of the already produced tube section stacks (27)

   - the number of the already produced sacks (65)

   - the number of the already produced sack stacks (69)

   - the number of already produced sack stacks (69) in the palletization machine (70) or the number of already palletized sacks (65).
4. A method according to any one of the two preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   at least one of the following data is transmitted as parameter and/or scope of the manufacturing results to the control unit (38):

   - the number of the stacks of sacks (65) or sack semi-finished products (25) in the at least one storage device (28, 66)

   - amounts of glue In the bottom laying machine (50) and/or tube machine (1)

   - amounts of paper in the bottom laying machine (50) and/or tube machine (1)

   - sack stacks (69) on at least one pallet (73) of the palletization machine (70)

   - inventory levels outside the system (115)

   - the scope of the scrap produced and/or scrap rates.
5. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   at least one of the following variables is among the parameters and scopes at least of one order, which the machine knows:

   - the format of the sacks (65) to be produced

   - the scope of the order

   - the scope of the material supplies at the beginning of the order processing

   - the completion date of the order

   - target dates for pending maintenance times of the components (1, 28, 50, 68, 70) of the system (115).
6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   data are assigned to at least two subsets, preferably however to a closed sequence of subsets of an order and that these subsets are localized.
7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in

   - that the position of at least one subset is displayed in the at least one storage- and transport device (28, 68)

   - and/or that the product limit between two orders is displayed in the at least one storage- and transport device (28, 68).
8. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the control unit (38) provides recommendations and/or control commands, which concern at least one of the following variables:

   - the production speed at least of one machine (1, 50, 70),

   - the point in time and the implementation of work slowdowns or interruptions,

   - the target filling levels of the at least one storage- and transport devices (28, 68) at specific point in time during the processing of the at least one order,

   - the arrangement of subsets (27, 69) in the at least one storage- and transport device (28, 68) at specific points in time during the processing of the at least one order.
9. A method according to any one of the five preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   gaps, which arise in the usage of the storage- and transport device (28, 66), are detected and preferably based on control commands to the actuators of belts (106, 107, 108, 110) of the storage- and transport device (28, 66) are closed by a suitable movement of said belts (106, 107, 108, 110).
10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the control unit (38) at least at two points in time during the processing of the at least one order queries current manufacturing data of the at least two machines (1, 50, 70) and/or parameters and/or scope of the orders and against the background of said information determines new prognoses, recommendations and/or control commands for the further production process.
11. A method according to the preceding claim,
    characterized in that
    the control unit (38) emits recommendations and/or control commands on the target storage levels of the at least one storage- and transport device (28, 66).
12. A method according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the control unit (38) through its recommendations and/or control commands defines a lower and upper inventory target value for the target storage levels of the at least one storage- and transport device (28, 66).
13. A system (115) for processing several orders to produce sacks (65),

    - which contains at least two machines (1, 50, 70), wherein at least one tube machine (1) is provided

    - which are connected to one another by at least one storage- and transport device (28, 66), which forwards and/or stores sacks or sack semi-finished products (65, 25) preferably in subsections (27, 69) of said objects, which often exist as stacks,

    - and which comprises a control unit (38),
    characterized in

    - that the control unit (38) is configured in such a manner

    - that its manufacturing data can be transmitted to the at least two machines (1, 50, 70),

    - that it (38) knows parameters and/or scope of the orders,

    - that it (38) determines prognoses, recommendations and control commands for the further production process from these variables,

    - wherein the control unit follows a product- or order limit in the storage and transport device and

    - that at least one subsection of the sacks (65) or sack semi-finished products (23, 25), which can be processed in the system (115), can be assigned data by the control unit (38), which data characterize properties of the subsection,

    - that the control unit (38) is configured to determine, as part of a first localization, the location of the at least one subsection, to which data are assigned, at least at a first point in time,

    - that the control unit (38) is configured, to determine, as part at least of a second localization based on the first localization and further production data, the location of said subsection at a second point in time,

    - and that the control unit (38) is configured, to detect the first localization at a point in time, if the subsection passes a point, wherein this point is at least one of the following points:

    - transfer point between a machine and a storage transport device

    - transverse cutting device of the tube machine

    - sensor unit, which among other things operates in a storage- or transport device.

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