DE102022118646B3 - Method and device for analyzing one or more spectacle lenses - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for analyzing one or more spectacle lenses (1, 1'), using a computer device (3) to access input data (IN), which contains first data (DA1) and second data (DA2), the following steps being carried out for a respective analysis position (AP) from a number of analysis positions (AP) on the respective spectacle lens (1, 1'): a) using the computer device (3) based on the first and second data (DA1, DA2) the position (PH) of a main beam line (HL) in relation to a spectacle lens coordinate system (BK) and the spatial tilt (VK) of the respective spectacle lens (1, 1 ') relative to the main beam line ( HL), whereby the main beam line (HL) runs through the center of the pupil (PU) of the wearer's eye (A1, A2) and the analysis position (AP); b) a beam source (2) for generating a test beam (PS) and the spectacle lenses (1, 1') are arranged relative to one another by means of the adjusting device (4) in order to set a plurality of measuring positions (MP) within a predetermined subaperture (SA) around the analysis position (AP), wherein in a respective measuring position (MP) the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') assumes the spatial tilt (VK) relative to the main beam line (HL) and the test beam (PS) along or parallel to the main beam line (HL) before or after passing the spectacle lens (1, 1') runs;c) the deflection of the test steel (PS) caused by the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') in the respective measuring positions (MP) is determined with the sensor device (6).

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for analyzing one or more spectacle lenses.

In order to see a distant object clearly, the human eye must accommodate, i.e. change its refractive power. Depending on the distance of the object being targeted, an appropriate refractive power must be set through the eye lens so that the object is imaged on the retina with maximum contrast. If this is not possible due to ametropia or limited accommodative ability of the eye, correction is carried out using visual aids with appropriate lenses. With lenses with a fixed focal length, the correction is only made for a specific observation distance. If the eye's ability to accommodate is limited, progressive lenses are preferred whose refractive index varies depending on the position on the lens, so that objects can be focused in the near or far range depending on the direction of view through the lens. For progressive lenses, an upper section of the lens is provided for seeing into the distance (so-called distance part) and a section of the lens is intended for seeing up close (so-called near part), whereby the refractive indices of these sections differ.

A major problem with progressive lenses is the narrowing of the area of sharp vision in the progression channel between the distance and near parts of the progressive lens. As a result, the determination of the near and far part of the progressive lens has a significant impact on astigmatic errors of the lenses in the progression channel and can therefore cause subjective intolerance for the ametropeous person. Manufacturing deviations in the lenses and deviations in the centering of the lenses and the adjustment of the lenses also have an equally sensitive impact on assumptions when determining the parameters of the lenses. There is therefore a need to examine spectacle lenses with high precision for their optical effect after they have been manufactured.

The publication [1] describes a method for approximately determining a near-use effect of a spectacle lens, in which the spectacle lens is approximated by a lens element in the area around the so-called near construction reference point.

The document [2] discloses a method for measuring spectacle lenses, in which the optical effect of a spectacle lens is determined using a movable position system for rotating the spectacle lens and a focused test beam, without taking into account the properties of the wearer of the spectacle lens.

The document [3] describes a method for measuring the topography of an optically effective surface of a spectacle lens, whereby the optical effect of the determined topography is determined indirectly by calculating the beam path through a model of the spectacle lens.

Document [7] discloses a method for analyzing a lens, in which a camera is used to capture the image of a light radiation that leaves a display surface and runs through the lens to be analyzed. Optical parameters of the lens are determined from the captured image.

The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for analyzing one or more spectacle lenses with which the quality of the spectacle lens or lenses can be assessed with high precision for the wearer for whom the corresponding spectacle lens is intended.

This object is achieved by the method according to patent claim 1 or the device according to patent claim 11. Further developments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

The method according to the invention is used to analyze one or more spectacle lenses. As part of the method, input data is accessed using a computer device, which includes first data and second data for a respective lens from the analyzed lens or lenses. The position of an eye of the wearer intended for the respective spectacle lens can be derived from the first data when the respective spectacle lens is used by the wearer's eye in relation to the respective spectacle lens, or this position is contained in the first data. In this way, the anatomy of the respective wearer is taken into account. The position of the wearer's eye can be defined in any local coordinate system of the respective lens. Preferably, the position is fixed in the lens coordinate system described below.

In addition to the first data, the input data includes second data from which the spatial orientation of the respective spectacle lens in relation to the wearer's eye can be derived when the respective spectacle lens is used by the wearer's eye or is contained in this second data. Corresponding first data and second data for deriving the position of the wearer's eye or the orientation of the respective spectacle lens in References to the eye are well known. Examples of such first and second data are given below.

• In einem Schritt a) wird mittels der Rechnereinrichtung basierend auf den ersten und zweiten Daten die Lage (d.h. Position und Ausrichtung/Orientierung) einer Hauptstrahllinie (häufig auch als Fixierline bezeichnet) in Bezug auf ein sich zusammen mit dem jeweiligen Brillenglas bewegenden Brillenglas-Koordinatensystem sowie die räumliche Verkippung des jeweiligen Brillenglases relativ zu der Hauptstrahllinie ermittelt, wobei die Hauptstrahllinie durch den Mittelpunkt der Pupille des Auges des Trägers und die Analyseposition verläuft. Die Hauptstrahllinie gibt somit die Blickrichtung des Auges des Trägers an, für den das jeweilige Brillenglas vorgesehen ist. Die Hauptstrahllinie bzw. dessen Lage sowie die räumliche Verkippung des jeweiligen Brillenglases relativ zu der Hauptstrahllinie können in an sich bekannter Weise mit geeigneten trigonometrischen Verfahren bestimmt werden.

As part of the method according to the invention, the following steps are carried out for a respective analysis position from a number of analysis positions (ie for at least one analysis position) on the respective spectacle lens:

• In a step a), the position (ie position and alignment/orientation) of a main beam line (often also referred to as a fixation line) is determined using the computer device based on the first and second data in relation to a lens coordinate system that moves together with the respective lens the spatial tilting of the respective spectacle lens relative to the main beam line is determined, the main beam line running through the center of the pupil of the wearer's eye and the analysis position. The main beam line therefore indicates the viewing direction of the eye of the wearer for whom the respective lens is intended. The main beam line or its position as well as the spatial tilt of the respective spectacle lens relative to the main beam line can be determined in a manner known per se using suitable trigonometric methods.

In a step b), a beam source for generating a test beam, e.g. a laser beam, and the spectacle lens are arranged relative to one another by means of an adjusting device in order to obtain a plurality of measuring positions within a predetermined subaperture around the analysis position (i.e. within a subaperture which is around the analysis position extends). One of the measurement positions can also correspond to the analysis position if necessary. In a respective measuring position, the respective spectacle lens assumes the previously determined spatial tilt relative to the main beam line and the test beam runs along or parallel to the main beam line. Either the course of the test beam along or parallel to the main beam line before passing through the spectacle lens or the course of the test beam along or parallel to the main beam line after passing through the test lens can be viewed.

In a step c), the deflection of the test beam caused by the respective lens is finally determined in the respective measuring positions using a sensor device. Corresponding sensor devices are well known. For example, a gradient sensor or the device described in publication [4] can be used.

The invention has the advantage that, taking into account the actual orientation of a spectacle lens in relation to a predetermined carrier intended for the spectacle lens, a deflection of a corresponding test beam is determined which corresponds to the position of use of the spectacle lens when it is used by the predetermined carrier. The beam deflection for a specific subaperture of the lens is reliably determined using a variety of measuring positions.

In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, values of one or more optical parameters of the spectacle lens at the respective analysis position are determined from the deflection of the test beam in the respective measurement positions. Preferably, an average value of the corresponding parameters is determined across the measurement positions.

• - die Brechzahl (auch als Sphäre bezeichnet):
  • Diese Größe ist in der Regel aus der Brillenspezifikation bzw. dem Brillenpass bekannt.
• - den Zylinder, der die mit dem jeweiligen Brillenglas korrigierte Hornhautverkrümmung beschreibt:
  • Auch diese Größe ist in der Regel aus der Brillenspezifikation bzw. dem Brillenpass bekannt.
• - die Achse, welche eine entsprechende Richtung der Hornhautverkrümmung beschreibt:
  • Auch diese Größe ist in der Regel aus der Brillenspezifikation bzw. dem Brillenpass bekannt.
• - die Addition, welche die Differenz zwischen der Brechzahl des jeweiligen, als Gleitsichtbrillenglas ausgebildeten Brillenglases für das Sehen im Nahbereich und der Brechzahl des jeweiligen Brillenglases für das Sehen in die Ferne beschreibt:
  • Auch diese Größe ist in der Regel aus der Brillenspezifikation bzw. dem Brillenpass bekannt.
• - das Prisma, welches bei einer Prismenbrille den Ausgleich von Winkelfehlsichtigkeit beschreibt:
  • Auch diese Größe ist in der Regel aus der Brillenspezifikation bzw. dem Brillenpass bekannt.
• - die Punktverwaschungsfunktion für die Kombination aus dem jeweiligen Brillenglas und Auge des Trägers (d.h. mit entsprechend berücksichtigter Fehlsichtigkeit des Auges):
  • Die Bestimmung der Punktverwaschungsfunktion ist dem Fachmann hinlänglich bekannt. Insbesondere kann hierfür die Methode des Ray-Tracings (siehe Dokument [5]) verwendet werden, um Spotdiagramme für entsprechende

The optical parameter or variables can include one or more of the following variables:

• - the refractive index (also referred to as sphere):
  • This size is usually known from the glasses specification or the glasses passport.
• - the cylinder, which describes the astigmatism corrected with the respective lens:
  • This size is also usually known from the glasses specification or the glasses passport.
• - the axis that describes a corresponding direction of astigmatism:
  • This size is also usually known from the glasses specification or the glasses passport.
• - the addition, which describes the difference between the refractive index of the respective lens designed as a progressive lens for close-up vision and the refractive index of the respective lens for distance vision:
  • This size is also usually known from the glasses specification or the glasses passport.
• - the prism, which describes the compensation of angular ametropia in prism glasses:
  • This size is also usually known from the glasses specification or the glasses passport.
• - the point blurring function for the combination of the respective lens and the wearer's eye (ie with the eye's ametropia taken into account):
  • The determination of the point blurring function is well known to those skilled in the art. In particular, the method of ray Tracings (see document [5]) can be used to create spot diagrams for corresponding

• - die durch das jeweilige Brillenglas verursachte Wellenfrontaberration:
  • Die Bestimmung der Wellenfrontaberration ist dem Fachmann geläufig.
• - die Modulationstransferfunktion für die Kombination aus dem jeweiligen Brillenglas und Auge des Trägers (d.h. mit entsprechend berücksichtigter Fehlsichtigkeit des Auges):
  • Die Bestimmung dieser Modulationstransferfunktion ist dem Fachmann hinlänglich bekannt (siehe z.B. Dokument [6]), wobei die Modulationstransferfunktion durch Fourier-Transformation aus der entsprechenden Punktverwaschungsfunktion gewonnen wird.
• - den MTF50-Wert, d.h. die Ortsfrequenz, bei der die Modulationstransferfunktion für die Kombination aus dem jeweiligen Brillenglas und Auge des Trägers den Wert 50 % annimmt:
  • Diese Größe ist neben der Punktverwaschungsfunktion und der Modulationstransferfunktion sehr gut zur Bestimmung der Qualität des Brillenglases geeignet.
• - Zernikekoeffizienten des jeweiligen Brillenglases:
  • Die Bestimmung dieser Koeffizienten ist dem Fachmann hinlänglich bekannt.
• - Seidelkoeffizienten des jeweiligen Brillenglases:
  • Die Bestimmung dieser Koeffizienten ist dem Fachmann hinlänglich bekannt.

Determine beam bundle starting from the targeted viewing point.

• - the wavefront aberration caused by the respective lens:
  • The determination of the wavefront aberration is familiar to those skilled in the art.
• - the modulation transfer function for the combination of the respective lens and the wearer's eye (ie with the eye's ametropia taken into account):
  • The determination of this modulation transfer function is well known to those skilled in the art (see, for example, document [6]), whereby the modulation transfer function is obtained from the corresponding point washing function by Fourier transformation.
• - the MTF50 value, ie the spatial frequency at which the modulation transfer function for the combination of the respective lens and the wearer's eye assumes the value 50%:
  • In addition to the point blurring function and the modulation transfer function, this size is very suitable for determining the quality of the lens.
• - Zernike coefficients of the respective lens:
  • The determination of these coefficients is well known to those skilled in the art.
• - Seidel coefficients of the respective lens:
  • The determination of these coefficients is well known to those skilled in the art.

Depending on the design, values of corresponding parameters can be compared with previously known values of the parameters, which come from the manufacturer, for example, in order to determine whether the quality of the lens corresponds to the manufacturer's information.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, two spectacle lenses are analyzed which are arranged in a respective spectacle frame, the spectacle coordinate system preferably being identical for both spectacle lenses. In this way, the overall properties of glasses intended for the corresponding wearer can be determined. In this case, other meaningful parameters that can be determined include, for example, differences in the effective overall magnification between the two lenses or an incorrectly set centering point distance. It can also be determined whether the resolution of both eyes of the wearer is approximately the same at every point in the field of vision when using the glasses. This size describes very well the visual comfort of the corresponding glasses.

In a further preferred embodiment, the first data processed in the method according to the invention include the position of the pupil pivot point of the wearer's eye relative to the respective spectacle lens, for example determined in the above-mentioned spectacle lens coordinate system. Alternatively or additionally, the first data can include the corneal vertex distance, this size being well known to those skilled in the art and describing the distance of the vertex of the cornea from the inner surface of the spectacle lens in the wearer's zero viewing direction (i.e. looking straight ahead into the distance).

In a further preferred embodiment, the second data processed in the method according to the invention include the so-called pre-tilt angle of the respective spectacle lens and the frame lens angle of the respective spectacle lens. These sizes are well known to those skilled in the art and are explained in more detail in the detailed description.

In a further variant, the predetermined subaperture can be changed while the method is being carried out, so that it can be flexibly adapted depending on various criteria.

In a further, particularly preferred embodiment, the predetermined subaperture is the projection of the pupil of the wearer's eye onto the front of the respective spectacle lens facing away from the eye for a flat wave front which enters vertically into the front of the respective spectacle lens. In this way, physiological characteristics of the wearer in relation to their pupil are taken into account. Depending on the design, a standard pupil size can be assumed as the size of the pupil, if necessary for different lighting conditions. This pupil is projected onto the front of the spectacle lens using a method known per se.

In a preferred variant of the method according to the invention, the respective lens is a progressive lens and the number of analysis positions includes the near construction point and/or the far construction point of the progressive lens. These design points are well known to those skilled in the art and are defined in a corresponding standard. At the near construction point, the refractive index for vision is in the Nearby is fixed and the refractive index for seeing into the distance is fixed at the far construction point. The corresponding construction points are marked by the manufacturer on the manufactured progressive lens. In addition, the target values of optical parameters and in particular the refractive indices of the progressive lens at these construction points are known, so that the actual parameters determined using the method according to the invention can be compared with these target values and thus the quality of the production can be checked.

The arrangement of the beam source and the respective spectacle lens relative to one another by means of the adjusting device can be effected in different ways. In particular, only the spatial position of the respective spectacle lens or exclusively the spatial position of the beam source can be changed. It is also possible for both the spatial position of the beam source and the spatial position of the respective lens to be changed.

In addition to the method described above, the invention relates to a device for analyzing one or more spectacle lenses with a computer device, a beam source for generating a test beam, an adjustment device and a sensor device. The device or the components of the device just mentioned are designed in such a way that the method according to the invention or one or more preferred variants of the method according to the invention can be carried out.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached figures.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Analyse eines Brillenglases;
• 2 ein Flussdiagramm, das die mit der Vorrichtung der 1 durchführten Schritte verdeutlicht;
• 3 eine Draufsicht von oben eines von einem Träger getragenen Brillenglases zur Verdeutlichung der Bestimmung der Hauptstrahllinie im Verfahren der 2;
• 4 eine schematische Seitenansicht zur Verdeutlichung des im Verfahren der 2 verarbeiteten Vorneigungswinkels;
• 5 eine schematische Ansicht von oben zur Verdeutlichung des im Verfahren der 2 verarbeiteten Fassungsscheibenwinkels;
• 6 eine schematische Darstellung der im Verfahren der 2 verarbeiteten Pupillenprojektion für ein hypermetropisches Auge; und
• 7 eine schematische Darstellung der im Verfahren der 2 verarbeiteten Pupillenprojektion für ein myoptisches Auge.

Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of an embodiment of a device according to the invention for analyzing a spectacle lens;
• 2 a flowchart showing the device involved 1 the steps taken are clarified;
• 3 a plan view from above of a spectacle lens worn by a wearer to illustrate the determination of the main beam line in the method of 2 ;
• 4 a schematic side view to illustrate the process of 2 processed pre-tilt angle;
• 5 a schematic view from above to illustrate the process involved 2 processed mounting disc angle;
• 6 a schematic representation of the process used 2 processed pupil projection for a hypermetropic eye; and
• 7 a schematic representation of the process used 2 processed pupil projection for a myoptic eye.

1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a device according to the invention for measuring a spectacle lens, which is designated by reference number 1. To carry out the in 2 Illustrated method, the device uses a computer device 3 in which a large number of data are processed, as will be described in more detail below.

The device includes a beam source 2 which generates a test beam PS (such as a laser beam). The test beam PS is used to analyze a subaperture SA (shown hatched) of the spectacle lens 1 around an analysis position AP. The cross section of the test beam PS is smaller than the subaperture SA. In the embodiment described here, the subaperture corresponds to a projected human pupil PP, as will be explained in more detail below. To measure the spectacle lens 1 for a corresponding analysis position AP, the test beam PS occupies several different measuring positions MP within the subaperture SA, with the adjustment device 4 described below being used to change the position of the test beam relative to the spectacle lens. Examples are in 1 two measuring positions MP are shown, but a larger number of measuring positions (eg 10 × 10 positions in a grid) are usually used within the subaperture SA. As a rule, the analysis position AP itself also represents a measurement position.

As part of the measurement of the spectacle lens 1, different analysis positions AP and thus subapertures are analyzed. The subapertures preferably cover the entire surface of the spectacle lens 1. In other words, for the analysis of the spectacle lens 1, a large number of different analysis positions AP on the spectacle lens are predetermined in advance, with a large number of measurement positions within the corresponding subaperture around the analysis position being assumed by the test beam for each analysis position in order to thereby determine the optical properties of the spectacle lens within the respective subaperture. As part of the acquisition of the optical properties, the deflection of the test beam PS caused by the spectacle lens is first detected in the corresponding measuring positions by means of a sensor device 6, as will be explained in more detail below.

The lens 1 is located in the device 1 in a holder 5, which can be tilted into any position via the adjusting device 4, the adjusting device being controlled by the computer device 3. The aim is to always adjust the tilting in a corresponding measuring position MP so that the test beam PS runs through the spectacle lens in such a way as for the eye of a given wearer of the spectacle lens (ie the wearer intended for the spectacle lens) in the corresponding spectacle frame case would be. In other words, the test beam PS should run in such a way and the spectacle lens 1 should be oriented or tilted in such a way that corresponds to the actual position of use of the spectacle lens for a given spectacle frame and a given wearer. In this way, the quality of the spectacle lens can be evaluated and, in particular, it can be determined whether certain optical parameters of the spectacle specification or the spectacle passport determined in advance by an optician are actually maintained in corresponding subapertures.

To carry out the measuring process with the device 1 On the one hand, a Cartesian world coordinate system WK with x, y and z axes is specified, which is fixed for the device and does not move over the adjusting device 4 when the lens 1 is tilted. In addition, a (local) Cartesian lens coordinate system BK with the axes x _B , y _B and z _B is specified, which moves together with the lens 1 when it is tilted. The origin of this coordinate system can, for example, be placed in the known fitting or prism reference point of the spectacle lens, but if necessary it can also be provided at any other position.

In order to adjust the tilting of the spectacle lens 1 appropriately, first data DA1 and second data DA2 are processed in the computer device 3. These can have been stored or read into the computer device in advance, or they can - as in 1 indicated - can be entered by means of a user's data input DE. In the embodiment described here, the first data DA1 includes the position PD of the pupil pivot point of the eye of the given wearer for which the spectacle lens 1 is intended. The position is specified in the local lens coordinate system BK. In addition, the first data DA1 contains the known corneal vertex distance HSA, which corresponds to the distance from the corneal vertex of the eye to the inside of the spectacle lens when the eye of the given wearer is looking straight and looking towards infinity. In addition, the first data can optionally contain the distance between the eyes, which becomes relevant when the device is used to measure the two lenses of a pair of glasses with a corresponding frame.

In contrast to the first data DA1, the second data DA2 contains the known pre-tilt angle VW of the spectacle lens 1 and the known frame angle FW of the spectacle lens 1. The pre-tilt angle describes the vertical tilting of the spectacle lens in front of the eye of the specified wearer for the spectacle frame , which is intended for the lens. In contrast, the frame lens angle describes the lateral tilting of the spectacle lens in front of the eye of the specified wearer for the spectacle frame. The angles VW and FW are explained below using 4 and 5 explained in more detail.

In every usage situation, the corresponding analysis position AP or the assigned subaperture SA with the help of the device 1 is simulated, there is a clear connection between the main beam line already defined above, the point of passage of the test beam through the spectacle lens (ie the analysis position AP or a corresponding measurement position MP within the subaperture SA) and the tilting of the spectacle lens. This connection is demonstrated in the proceedings 2 determined and can be described by the position of the lens coordinate system BK in the world coordinate system WK.

In step S1 the 2 Using the first and second data DA1, DA2, the position PH (position and orientation) of the main beam line HL in the spectacle lens coordinate system BK and the spatial tilt VK of the spectacle lens 1 relative to the main beam line HL are determined using trigonometric methods known per se. Since corresponding methods for determining the main beam line and the tilting of the lens are familiar to those skilled in the art, the determination of these variables will not be explained in further detail.

The course of the main beam lines HL for a corresponding pair of glasses with lenses 1, 1' is exemplified in 3 clarified. This figure again shows a stationary world coordinate system WK and a lens coordinate system BK that moves with the glasses and is identical for both lenses 1, 1 '. 3 shows the glasses with the lenses 1, 1' in a plan view from above (ie against the z-direction of the world coordinate system WK), the glasses frame being designated by reference number 7. The eyes of the wearer intended for the glasses are labeled AR (right eye) and AL (left eye). The pupil pivot point for the pupil PU of the right eye AR is labeled DR and the pupil pivot point for the pupil PU of the left eye is labeled DL. The Pupil pivot point indicates the point around which the pupil PU rotates during an eye movement.

In the scenario of 3 the wearer of the glasses fixes a point P. This results in a main beam line HL for the right eye AR and a corresponding main beam line HL for the left eye AL. The main beam lines run through the center of the pupil PU of the corresponding eye to the targeted point P. In doing so, they pierce the corresponding lens at the respective penetration points DP. If a penetration point DP now corresponds to an analysis position AP, with knowledge of the first and second data DA1, DA2, the position PH of the main beam line HL in the spectacle lens coordinate system BK and the spatial tilt VK of the spectacle lens 1 relative to the main beam line HL can be determined using known trigonometric methods , as already explained above. The position PH of the respective main beam lines HL is shown in 3 through the vectors r _R and r _L described. The tilting VK can be described, for example, using appropriate angles or possibly also using a vector.

To determine the tilting VK of the lens relative to the main beam line HL, in the embodiment described here, the pre-tilt angle VW and the lens angle FW are used. These angles are described below using 4 and 5 explained, with a spectacle lens 1 being viewed in front of the right eye AR without limiting generality.

4 shows the definition of the pre-tilt angle VW. This figure shows a viewing direction from the side onto the spectacle lens 1, as illustrated by the position of the world coordinate system WK. The eye of the wearer of the glasses is labeled AR. The eye's viewing direction is in the primary position, ie looking straight ahead along the zero viewing direction N without turning the eye AR. It follows from this: 4 also the vertex distance HSA as the distance between the vertex of the pupil PU and the penetration or viewing point DP on the inside of the lens 1. You can see in 4 furthermore the lower frame edge 7a and the upper frame edge 7b of the glasses frame. The virtual reference line B shown denotes the line through the groove base of the frame edges 7a, 7b in a vertical plane which contains the pivot point DR of the pupil PU. The line S is the perpendicular to the reference line B in the vertical plane. The pre-tilt angle FW is the angle between the zero viewing direction N and the vertical S.

5 shows the definition of the frame lens angle FW, which is shown for the right eye AR of the corresponding wearer of the glasses. As can be seen from the position of the world coordinate system WK, a top view of the lens 1 is shown. The zero viewing direction is again designated N. Furthermore, a right (temporal) frame edge of the glasses frame is designated by reference number 7c and a left (nasal) frame edge 7d of the glasses frame is designated by reference number 7d. The virtual reference line B' shown designates the line through the groove base of the frame edges 7c, 7d in a horizontal plane which contains the zero viewing direction N. The perpendicular to the reference line B' in the horizontal plane is labeled S'. The angle between N and S' corresponds to the frame angle FW.

In step S2 of the method 2 the beam source 2 and the lens 1 are in the device 1 arranged relative to each other by means of the adjusting device 4 in a plurality of measuring positions MP within the subaperture SA, with the spectacle lens 1 assuming the spatial tilt VK relative to the main beam line HL in a respective measuring position and the test beam PS along or parallel to the main beam line HL before or after Passing the lens 1 runs. The real visual situation of a given wearer intended for the spectacle lens 1 is thus simulated in a corresponding subaperture SA. In the embodiment of 1 Only the position of the lens 1 is adjusted with the adjusting device 4. If necessary, it is also possible for only the beam source 2 or both the beam source 2 and the spectacle lens 1 to be changed with a corresponding adjustment device in order to adjust the respective measuring positions. Preferably, the measuring positions MP in the device 1 described by the corresponding position of the lens coordinate system BK in the fixed world coordinate system WK.

Step S3 of the method explained below 2 is carried out in every measuring position MP taken within the subaperture SA. In the corresponding measuring position, the deflection of the test beam PS caused by the lens is measured with the sensor device 6 (see 1 ) is determined, the data of which is transmitted to the computer device 3. Corresponding sensor devices are well known to those skilled in the art. In particular, a gradient sensor can be used to determine the deflection of the test beam. Likewise, the device shown in document [4] can be used to determine the deflection of the test beam, with the position of the test beam being determined in several different detection planes in this device.

• Die Brechzahl SP, der Zylinder ZY, die Achse AC, die Addition AD im Falle eines Gleitsichtbrillenglases, das Prisma PR, die Punktverwaschungsfunktion PWF für die Kombination aus Brillenglas und Auge des für das Brillenglas vorgesehenen Trägers, die Wellenfrontaberration WFA, die Modulationstransferfunktion MTF, der Wert MTF50, bei der die Modulationstransferfunktion für die Kombination aus dem Brillenglas und Auge des Trägers den Wert 50 % annimmt; Zernikekoeffizienten ZK des Brillenglases; Seidelkoeffizienten SK des Brillenglases.

Subsequently, in a step S4, values of optical parameters KG are determined from the deflection of the test beam PS in the respective measuring positions within the subaperture SA. Examples are in 2 The following parameters are given, although only a part of these parameters can be determined depending on the design:

• The refractive index SP, the cylinder ZY, the axis AC, the addition AD in the case of a progressive lens, the prism PR, the point blurring function PWF for the combination of the lens and the eye of the wearer intended for the lens, the wavefront aberration WFA, the modulation transfer function MTF, the Value MTF50, at which the modulation transfer function for the combination of the lens and the wearer's eye takes the value 50%; Zernike coefficient ZK of the lens; Seidel coefficient SK of the lens.

The parameters mentioned or their determination from the deflection of the test beam in the respective measuring positions, possibly with an averaging over the individual measuring positions, is well known to the person skilled in the art and is therefore not explained in detail. The parameters mentioned were described in more detail above and their determination was partly explained. The above variables SP, ZY, AC, AD and PR are known from the specification of the spectacle lens or the spectacle passport, so that the method can be used to check whether these values can also be achieved in the corresponding subaperture.

Preferably using the method of 2 several different subapertures SA and thus analysis positions AP are measured. In other words, steps S1 to S4 are repeated for different subapertures. In the case of a progressive lens, the measurement is preferably carried out at least at the so-called near construction point and the so-called far construction point of the progressive lens as analysis positions. These construction points are marked on the lens supplied by the manufacturer and indicate the location on the lens through which the wearer looks when seeing at close range or when seeing at distance. At the two construction points mentioned, the lens should adopt the target values specified by the manufacturer in terms of the refractive index and, if necessary, other optical parameters.

The values of the optical parameters KG determined in step S4 provide information about the quality of the lens or the deviation of the parameter values from the manufacturer's specifications. The parameter values can be sent to the corresponding operator of the device via a user interface 1 be output or they can alternatively or additionally be stored in a memory for further evaluation.

As explained above, when measuring the spectacle lens, a predetermined subaperture SA is determined, which in the embodiment described here corresponds to the projected pupil PP of the carrier intended for the spectacle lens 1. A standard size can be set as the size of the pupil, possibly depending on an assumed light intensity. The size of the pupil can also be varied when measuring the lens. Preferably the size of the pupil is between 4 mm and 8 mm. The wearer's corresponding pupil must be projected onto the lens 1. This projection can be determined using methods known per se and is again in 6 and 7 clarified.

6 shows the determination of the projected pupil PP and thus the subaperture SA for a hypermetropic eye (ie a farsighted eye). The eye is designated by reference AR (right eye). You can see the macula MK (middle of the retina), its lens L and the pupil PU, which can be adjusted via the iris IR. Furthermore, the cornea HR is visible in front of the pupil. To correct farsightedness, a spectacle lens 1 is used, which is a converging lens, so that a wavefront WF made of parallel rays is focused on the macula MK, whereby this focus point would be behind the retina without the spectacle lens. As seen from the beam path of the 6 becomes clear, the projected pupil PP in the case of a hypermetropic eye is significantly larger than the actual pupil PU.

In contrast to 6 shows 7 the case of a myoptic eye (ie a short-sighted eye), with the same reference numerals to designate the same components as in 6 be used. To compensate for myopia, a diverging lens 1 is now used, through which the parallel wavefront WF is focused on the macula MK, whereby the focal point of this wavefront would be in front of the retina without the lens. As can be seen, the projected pupil PP is significantly smaller than the actual pupil PU due to the use of the diffusing lens.

In the foregoing, the measurement of a single lens 1 was carried out using the device 1 described. If necessary, however, it is possible for both lenses of a pair of glasses to be measured with the device, in which case the two lenses are already mounted in the frame intended for the wearer. In this way, the process provides information about the optical parameters of both glasses len glasses. If necessary, parameters can also be derived that are related to the use of both lenses, such as differences in the effective overall magnification for both eyes or differences in the resolution of both eyes when using the lens.

The embodiments of the invention described above have a number of advantages. In particular, the measurement of one or more spectacle lenses by means of a test beam is made possible in such a way that the path of the test beam through the spectacle lens corresponds to the position of use of the spectacle lens for the intended wearer. This allows the quality of the lens to be determined with high precision by determining appropriate optical parameters.

bibliography

1. [1] DE 10 2016 108 958 B4
2. [2] WO 99/05499 A1
3. [3] EP 3 296 793 A1
4. [4] DE 10 2007 003 681 B4
5. [5] Spencer, GH, Murty, MV, General Ray-Tracing Procedure, J. Opt. Soc. Am., Vol. 52, 672 (1962) .
6. [6] Smith, WJ, “Modern Optical Engineering”, 3rd edition, New York, McGraw-Hill, 2002, Chapter 11.9 “Computation of the Modulation Transfer Function” .
7. [7] US 2018/0038768 A1

Claims (12)

Method for analyzing one or more spectacle lenses (1, 1'), using a computer device (3) to access input data (IN), which contains first data (DA1) and second data (DA2) for a respective spectacle lens (1, 1' ). (1, 1') can be derived through the wearer's eye (AR, AL) or is contained therein and the spatial orientation of the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') in relation to the eye (AR , AL) of the wearer can be derived through the eye (AR, AL) of the wearer when using the respective spectacle lens (1, 1 ') or is contained therein, for a respective analysis position (AP) from a number of analysis positions (AP). The following steps must be carried out for the respective lens (1, 1'): a) using the computer device (3), based on the first and second data (DA1, DA2), the position (PH) of a main beam line (HL) is determined in relation to a lens moving together with the respective lens (1, 1'). Coordinate system (BK) and the spatial tilt (VK) of the respective lens (1, 1') relative to the main beam line (HL) are determined, the main beam line (HL) passing through the center of the pupil (PU) of the eye (A1, A2). of the carrier and the analysis position (AP); b) a beam source (2) for generating a test beam (PS) and the spectacle lens (1, 1') are arranged relative to one another by means of an adjusting device (4) in order to achieve a plurality of measuring positions (MP) within a predetermined subaperture (SA). to set the analysis position (AP), whereby in a respective measuring position (MP) the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') assumes the spatial tilt (VK) relative to the main beam line (HL) and the test beam (PS) along or parallel to the main beam line (HL) runs before or after passing through the lens (1, 1'); c) the deflection of the test steel (PS) in the respective measuring positions (MP) caused by the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') is determined using a sensor device (6). Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that values of one or more optical parameters (KG) of the spectacle lens (1, 1') at the respective analysis position (AP) are determined from the deflection of the test beam (PS) in the respective measurement positions (MP). Procedure according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the optical characteristic (KG) or the optical characteristic (KG) include one or more of the following variables: the refractive index (SP); the cylinder (ZY); the axis (AC); the addition (AD) in the case of a progressive lens; the prism (PR); the point blurring function (PWF) for the combination of the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') and eye (A1, A2) of the wearer; the wavefront aberration (WFA) caused by the respective lens (1, 1'); the modulation transfer function (MTF) for the combination of the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') and eye (AR, AL) of the wearer; the spatial frequency (MTF50), at which the modulation transfer function (MTF) for the combination of the wearer's respective lens (1, 1') and eye (AL, AR) assumes the value 50%; Zernike coefficients (ZK) of the respective lens (1); Seidel coefficient (SK) of the respective lens (1, 1'). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two spectacle lenses (1, 1') are analyzed which are arranged in a spectacle frame (7), the spectacle lens Lenglas coordinate system (BK) is preferably identical for both lenses (1, 1 '). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first data (DA1) represents the position (PD) of the pupil pivot point (DR, DL) of the wearer's eye (A1, A2) relative to the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') and/or or the corneal vertex distance (HSA). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second data (DA2) includes the pre-tilt angle (VW) of the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') and the frame lens angle (FW) of the respective spectacle lens (1, 1'). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predetermined subaperture (SA) can be changed while the method is being carried out. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predetermined subaperture is the projection (PP) of the pupil (PU) of the wearer's eye (AR, AL) onto the front of the respective spectacle lens (1) facing away from the eye (AR, AL). 1') is for a flat wave front (WF) which enters vertically into the front of the lens (1, 1'). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective lens (1, 1') is a progressive lens and the number of analysis positions (AP) include the near construction point and/or the far construction point of the progressive lens. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for arranging the beam source (2) and the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') relative to one another by means of the adjusting device (4), only the spatial position of the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') is changed is or only the spatial position of the beam source (2) is changed or both the spatial position of the beam source (2) and the spatial position of the respective spectacle lens (1, 1 ') are changed. Device for analyzing one or more spectacle lenses (1, 1'), comprising a computer device (3), a beam source (2) for generating a test beam (PS), an adjusting device (4) and a sensor device (6), by means of the computer device (3) input data (IN) can be accessed, which includes first data (DA1) and second data (DA2) for a respective spectacle lens (1, 1'), the position of an eye (AR , AL) of the wearer provided for the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') in relation to the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') can be derived through the eye (AR, AL) of the wearer when the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') is used is or is contained therein and the spatial orientation of the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') in relation to the eye (AR, AL) of the wearer when using the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') is determined from the second data (D2). the eye (AR, AL) of the wearer can be derived or is contained therein, the device being set up to carry out the following steps for a respective analysis position (AP) from a number of analysis positions (AP) on the respective spectacle lens (1, 1'). to carry out: a) using the computer device (3), based on the first and second data (DA1, DA2), the position (PH) of a main beam line (HL) is determined in relation to a lens moving together with the respective lens (1, 1'). Coordinate system (BK) and the spatial tilt (VK) of the respective lens (1, 1') relative to the main beam line (HL) are determined, the main beam line (HL) passing through the center of the pupil (PU) of the eye (A1, A2). of the carrier and the analysis position (AP); b) the beam source (2) and the spectacle lens (1, 1') are arranged relative to one another by means of the adjusting device (4) in order to set a plurality of measuring positions (MP) within a predetermined subaperture (SA) around the analysis position (AP), wherein in a respective measuring position (MP), the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') assumes the spatial tilt (VK) relative to the main beam line (HL) and the test beam (PS) along or parallel to the main beam line (HL) before or after passing the spectacle lens (1, 1'); c) the deflection of the test steel (PS) in the respective measuring positions (MP) caused by the respective spectacle lens (1, 1') is determined using the sensor device (6). Device according to Claim 11 , characterized in that the device for carrying out a method according to one of the Claims 2 until 10 is set up.

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