DE102022117383A1 - Vehicle component, motor vehicle, computer-implemented method, computer program and/or computer-readable medium - Google Patents

Abstract

A vehicle component (10) for absorbing noise is provided, wherein the vehicle component (10) is at least partially designed as a metamaterial (11), the metamaterial (11) has one or more damped mechanical oscillator elements (12), and the vehicle component (10 ) has at least one eigenmode (14) leading to an acoustically perceptible noise, characterized in that the oscillator element or elements (12) are tuned to excitation by the at least one eigenmode (14).

Description

The present disclosure relates to a vehicle component for absorbing noise. The disclosure also relates to a motor vehicle and a computer-implemented method for designing a vehicle component. Additionally or alternatively, a computer program is provided which includes commands which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause it to at least partially carry out the method. Additionally or alternatively, a computer-readable medium is provided which includes instructions which, when the instructions are executed by a computer, cause it to at least partially carry out the method.

The acoustics in an interior of a motor vehicle are largely determined by mechanical vibrations that emanate from various vehicle components and/or the environment of the motor vehicle and are transmitted via vehicle components into the interior of the motor vehicle as audible noises. Components of the motor vehicle are caused to vibrate by external stimuli, for example vibrations from the engine, from rolling of the tires and/or from the chassis. This can cause disturbing noises. These sometimes lead to negative acoustic perceptions for a user of the motor vehicle.

It is known from the prior art to improve the acoustics by using insulating material or so-called anti-drumming coverings and/or absorbers to dampen noise. The design and arrangement of the insulating material and/or the absorbers is largely semi-empirical, for example based on estimates and/or extensive tests.

Furthermore, so-called acoustic metamaterials are known from the prior art.

DE 10 2016 219 168 A1 discloses a wall element for the interior of a vehicle, which is formed with or from a metamaterial, in which the metamaterial is formed with a plurality of damped mechanical oscillator elements and in which the oscillator elements are arranged at least in sections in a surface. For a particularly good adaptation to the acoustic environment, if a plurality of oscillator elements are provided, they can be designed with different vibration properties.

WO 2021/170630 A1 discloses a metamaterial noise attenuation device for vehicles and commercial vehicles.

The arrangement and/or design of the oscillator elements of the vehicle component has a decisive influence on the acoustic properties of the vehicle component and/or on the possibility of being able to produce the vehicle component cost-effectively.

Against the background of this prior art, the object of the present disclosure is to provide an improved vehicle component which is suitable for enriching the prior art. A specific embodiment of the disclosure can solve the task of improving the design of the vehicle component.

The task is solved by the features of the independent claim. The subordinate claims and the optional features of the subclaims relate to further developments of the disclosure.

The task is then solved by a vehicle component that absorbs noise. The vehicle component is at least partially designed as a metamaterial, the metamaterial has one or more damped mechanical oscillator elements, and the vehicle component has at least one eigenmode leading to an acoustically perceptible noise. The oscillator element or elements are tuned to excitation by the at least one eigenmode.

The vehicle component is designed to absorb noise. For this purpose, the vehicle component is at least partially designed as the metamaterial. As a result, the vehicle component has the damped mechanical oscillator element(s). The oscillator element(s) can be caused to oscillate by mechanical excitation, for example by a sound wave and/or by a vibration of the vehicle component, and thus dissipate energy. Energy that would otherwise result in an acoustically perceptible noise is coupled into the oscillator element(s) and dissipated, which leads to a dampening of the noise.

It was recognized that the vehicle component can be characterized by one or more intrinsic modes. The eigenmodes refer to vibration modes of the vehicle component. The vehicle component can have one or more intrinsic modes that are accompanied by a vibration such that the vibration produces an acoustically perceptible noise.

According to the disclosure, the oscillator element(s) is tuned, i.e. arranged and/or designed, in such a way that the oscillator element(s) can be excited by the eigenmode. This means that the oscillator element or elements can be specifically excited by the eigenmode, in addition to the possibility of excitation by other vibrations of the vehicle component. This allows the oscillator elements or the vehicle component to be designed effectively. For example, it can be avoided that oscillator elements are arranged on the vehicle component in such a way that the oscillator elements cannot absorb any or insufficient energy.

The oscillator element(s) may have a geometry, the geometry being tuned to a natural frequency of the at least one natural mode. The natural frequency is the frequency of the natural mode. The geometry of the oscillator elements influences the ability of the oscillator elements to be excited to oscillate and thus determines the coupling of energy of the eigenmode into the oscillator elements. The geometry of the oscillator elements is therefore chosen such that the natural frequency leads to an effective excitation of the oscillator elements. The oscillator element(s) can be designed as a cylinder or pin, as a rib, as a cup and/or as a beam. Each of the aforementioned shapes can be characterized by geometric parameters.

The metamaterial can have different oscillator elements with different geometries, the different geometries each being tuned to a natural frequency of the at least one natural mode. It was recognized that the vehicle component can have eigenmodes with different natural frequencies. So that the oscillator elements can be effectively excited by the different natural frequencies, the oscillator elements can have different geometries.

The oscillator element(s) can be arranged on, in and/or on the metamaterial in such a way that an arrangement of the oscillator element(s) is coordinated with a localization of the at least one eigenmode. The eigenmodes of the vehicle component typically do not lead to a vibration of the entire vehicle component, but rather to a localization of the excitation. For example, surfaces can be stimulated more easily than complex edges and can lead to acoustically perceptible noises. The oscillator element or elements are arranged in such a way that the arrangement corresponds to the localization of the eigenmodes in order to be able to excite the oscillator element or elements particularly effectively by the eigenmode. The oscillator elements can be arranged on, in and/or on the material.

The arrangement of the oscillator element(s) can be determined according to an amplitude and/or a power density of the at least one eigenmode. It was recognized that the perceptibility and/or the volume of an acoustically perceptible noise depends on the amplitude and/or the power density of the eigenmode generating the noise. The oscillator element(s) can be arranged accordingly in order to effectively attenuate the perceptibility or volume of the acoustically perceptible noise where the noise originates.

The vehicle component can be an injection molded component. This allows the vehicle component to be manufactured particularly effectively. Optionally, the vehicle component is designed in such a way that it can be produced without an undercut. The vehicle component is optionally in one piece. Additionally or alternatively, the vehicle component can be a plastic component. This means that the vehicle component can be manufactured particularly effectively and has a comparatively low weight with high stability. Furthermore, material properties of the plastic can be reliably taken into account when designing the oscillator elements.

The vehicle component may be a door element, a center console support structure, a glove compartment element and/or a storage compartment element. This means that the vehicle component can in particular be a typical vehicle component, which can lead to disturbing noises. Furthermore, it is possible for the vehicle component to be a vehicle component that is not visible to a user of the vehicle and/or has an invisible section in which the vehicle is designed as a metamaterial.

In other words and based on a specific embodiment, which is described as not limiting the present disclosure, what has been described above can be summarized as follows: The anti-drumming coverings or absorbers are replaced by integral component features, especially injection-molded components, which have oscillator elements, which are only arranged locally as necessary, which have a variable surface density according to locally variable natural resonance, which are parameter-optimized with regard to geometric parameters corresponding to a disturbing natural resonance, which are optimized with regard to geometric parameters and are arranged according to a disturbing natural resonance, and / or which have different geometries . The design of the integral component features is partially or fully automated. Such component features can be provided in an injection-molded lightweight support door, a center console support structure, a glove compartment and/or storage compartments, in particular on and/or in doors.

Furthermore, a motor vehicle comprising the vehicle component described above is provided.

The optionally automated motor vehicle can be a passenger car, in particular an automobile. Automated driving can be carried out in such a way that the movement of the motor vehicle is (largely) autonomous. The motor vehicle can be a motor vehicle with autonomy levels 0 to 5.

Furthermore, a computer-implemented method for designing the vehicle component described above is provided. The method has the steps: acquiring geometry and material data of the vehicle component; Analyzing the vibration properties of the vehicle component to determine an eigenmode leading to an acoustically perceptible noise; and outputting design information, the design information comprising how the oscillator element(s) are tuned to excitation by the at least one eigenmode. The geometry and material data of the vehicle component determine the mechanical properties of the vehicle component. This allows the vibration properties or the eigenmodes to be determined. The vibration properties are analyzed using a computer-aided modal analysis, in which, for example, the vibration properties and natural modes of the vehicle component can be examined by solving differential equations. Using modal analysis, the eigenmode can be effectively determined. In particular, a natural frequency and/or the localization of the natural mode can be determined. What was described above with reference to the vehicle component also applies to the process and vice versa. In particular, that with regard to the arrangement of the oscillator element(s) and/or the geometry of the oscillator element(s) may be a feature of the design information.

Furthermore, a computer program is provided, comprising commands which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause it to at least partially execute or carry out the method described above.

A program code of the computer program can be in any code, in particular in a code.

What was described above with reference to the process also applies to the computer program and vice versa.

Furthermore, a computer-readable medium, in particular a computer-readable storage medium, is provided. The computer-readable medium includes instructions that, when the program is executed by a computer, cause it to at least partially carry out the method described above.

That is, a computer-readable medium may be provided that includes a computer program as defined above. The computer-readable medium can be any digital data storage device, such as a USB flash drive, hard drive, CD-ROM, SD card, or SSD card. The computer program does not necessarily have to be stored on such a computer-readable storage medium, but can also be obtained externally via the Internet or elsewhere.

What has been described above with reference to the vehicle component, the motor vehicle, the method and the computer program also applies analogously to the computer-readable medium and vice versa.

• 1 zeigt eine perspektive Ansicht eines Fahrzeugbauteils gemäß einem Aspekt der Offenbarung;
• 2 zeigt vier perspektive Ansichten eines Metamaterials mit Oszillatorelementen für ein Fahrzeugbauteil gemäß einem Aspekt der Offenbarung;
• 3 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Kraftfahrzeugs gemäß einem Aspekt der Offenbarung;
• 4 zeigt schematisch einen Ablauf eines Verfahrens gemäß einem Aspekt der Offenbarung;
• 5 zeigt eine perspektive Ansicht eines Metamaterials mit Oszillatorelementen für ein Fahrzeugbauteil gemäß einem Aspekt der Offenbarung; und
• 6 zeigt eine perspektive Ansicht eines Metamaterials mit Oszillatorelementen für ein Fahrzeugbauteil gemäß einem Aspekt der Offenbarung.

An embodiment is described below with reference to 1 until 4 described.

• 1 shows a perspective view of a vehicle component according to an aspect of the disclosure;
• 2 shows four perspective views of a metamaterial with oscillator elements for a vehicle component according to an aspect of the disclosure;
• 3 shows a schematic view of a motor vehicle according to an aspect of the disclosure;
• 4 schematically shows a sequence of a method according to an aspect of the disclosure;
• 5 shows a perspective view of a metamaterial with oscillator elements for a vehicle component according to an aspect of the disclosure; and
• 6 shows a perspective view of a metamaterial with oscillator elements for a vehicle component according to one aspect of the disclosure.

1 shows a perspective view of a vehicle component 10 according to one aspect of the disclosure. The vehicle component 10 is a vehicle part 10 for absorbing noise.

According to the material from which the vehicle component 10 is made and the geometry of the vehicle component 10, the vehicle component 10 has at least one eigenmode 14 leading to an acoustically perceptible noise. The eigenmode 14 characterizes an oscillatory movement of the vehicle component 14. Typically, surfaces of the component 10 in particular can lead to an acoustically perceptible eigenmode 14, whereby the size of the area and a natural frequency 15 and thus the frequency of the acoustically perceptible noise are related.

Two eigenmodes 14 are each represented by a double arrow with a dashed line and are intended to illustrate a vibration of the vehicle component 10. Each of the eigenmodes 14 is characterized by a natural frequency 15, a localization 16 of the eigenmode 14, an amplitude 17 of the eigenmode 14 and a power density 18 of the eigenmode 14.

The localization 16 relates to the location or locations at which the vehicle component 10 is excited to oscillate by the eigenmode 14. The amplitude 17 characterizes the amplitude or the maximum deflection of the vehicle component 10 in the event of a vibration excited by the eigenmode 14. The power density 18 is, for example, a surface power density, which in this case can also be referred to as sound intensity, and which defines a speed of sound caused by the vibration of the vehicle component 10 and a sound pressure.

The vehicle component 10 is partially designed as a metamaterial 11, the metamaterial 11 having a plurality of damped mechanical oscillator elements 12. Variants of such a metamaterial 11 with oscillator elements 12 are with reference to 2 described.

The oscillator elements 12 according to 1 are tuned to excitation by the eigenmode 14. The oscillator elements 12 are arranged on, in or on the metamaterial 11 in such a way that an arrangement of the oscillator elements 12 is coordinated with a localization 16 of the at least one eigenmode 14. The arrangement of the oscillator elements 11 can be determined according to the amplitude 17 and the power density 18 of the eigenmode 14. The vehicle component 10 thus has sections designed as metamaterial 11 and sections not designed as metamaterial 11. For example, the vehicle component 10 has surfaces designed as metamaterial 11, which lead to an acoustically perceptible noise when oscillating according to the respective eigenmode 14, and surfaces and/or edges not designed as metamaterial 11, which cannot be excited to an intrinsic mode 14, which leads to an acoustically perceptible noise.

The oscillator elements 12 have a geometry 13, the geometry 13 being tuned to the natural frequency 15 of the natural mode 14, as referred to 2 described.

The vehicle component 10 is an injection molded component 10a and a plastic component 10b. The vehicle component 10 can be produced, for example, by thermal, elastomer and/or thermoset injection molding. The plastic component 10b is made, for example, from a polyolefin, such as polypropylene.

2 shows four perspective views of a metamaterial 11 with oscillator elements 12 for a vehicle component 50 according to one aspect of the disclosure. The vehicle component 10 and the metamaterial 11 from which the vehicle component 10 is at least partially formed are also referred to 1 described. 2 is made with reference to 1 and its description are described.

The metamaterial 11 according to 2 (A) has cylindrical oscillator elements 12. The oscillator elements 12 therefore have a geometry 13 that can be described by a diameter and a length. A resonance frequency of an individual oscillator element 12 can be calculated based on material properties, the diameter and the length. For example, the oscillator element 12 made of polypropylene with a diameter of 1 mm and a length of 10 mm has a resonance frequency of 2020 Hz. The geometry 13 of the oscillator elements 12 can be adjusted via the diameter and length of the oscillator elements 12 in such a way that energy of the eigenmode 14 of the vehicle component 10 can be effectively introduced into the oscillator elements 12. The oscillator elements 12 are arranged on or on the metamaterial 11 or the vehicle component 10.

The metamaterial 11 according to 2 B) has rib-shaped or cuboid oscillator elements 12. The oscillator elements 12 therefore have a geometry 13 that can be described by a depth, a width and a length. A resonance frequency of an individual oscillator element 12 can be calculated based on material properties, depth, width and length. For example, the oscillator element 12 made of polypropylene with a length of 20 mm, a width of 8 mm and a depth of 0.5 mm has a resonance frequency of 1970 Hz. The geometry 13 of the oscillator elements 12 can be adjusted via the length, the width and the depth of the oscillator elements 12 in such a way that energy of the eigenmode 14 of the vehicle component 10 is effective can be introduced into the oscillator elements 12. The oscillator elements 12 are arranged on or on the metamaterial 11 or the vehicle component 10.

The metamaterial 11 according to 2 (C) has a cup-shaped oscillator element 12. The oscillator element 12 therefore has a geometry 13 that can be described by an inner diameter, an outer diameter and a depth. A resonance frequency of an individual oscillator element 12 can be calculated based on material properties, the inner diameter, the outer diameter and the depth. For example, the oscillator element 12 made of polypropylene with an outer diameter of 15 mm, an inner diameter of 5 mm and a depth of 0.25 mm has a resonance frequency of 2210 Hz. The geometry 13 of the oscillator element 12 can be adjusted via the inner diameter, the outer diameter and the depth of the oscillator element 12 in such a way that energy of the eigenmode 14 of the vehicle component 10 can be effectively introduced into the oscillator element 12. The oscillator element 12 is arranged in or on the metamaterial 11 or the vehicle component 10.

The metamaterial 11 according to 2 (D) has a bar-shaped oscillator element 12. The oscillator element 12 therefore has a geometry 13 that can be described by two widths, two lengths and one depth. A resonance frequency of an individual oscillator element 12 can be calculated based on material properties, widths, lengths and depth. For example, the polypropylene oscillator element 12 having a first width of 4 mm, a second width of 8 mm, a first length of 8 mm, a second length of 5 mm and a depth of 0.1 mm has a resonance frequency of 1670 Hz. The geometry 13 of the oscillator element 12 can be adjusted via the widths, lengths and depth of the oscillator element 12 in such a way that energy of the eigenmode 14 of the vehicle component 10 can be effectively introduced into the oscillator element 12. The oscillator element 12 is arranged in or on the metamaterial 11 or the vehicle component 10.

In an embodiment not shown, a metamaterial 11 can have oscillator elements 12 with different geometries 13. The type of geometry 13 can be different and/or parameters that describe the respective geometry 13 can be different. The geometries 13 of the oscillator elements 12 can be tuned to the eigenmode 14. In particular, a stop band, i.e. a band of frequencies with damped oscillations, in the range from 2000 Hz to 3000 Hz can be achieved by the oscillator elements 12 and/or a combination of the oscillator elements 12.
3 shows a schematic view of a motor vehicle 50 according to one aspect of the disclosure.

The motor vehicle 50 includes a vehicle component 10. The vehicle component 10 and a metamaterial 11 from which the vehicle component 10 is at least partially formed are with reference to 1 and 2 described. 3 is made with reference to 1 and 2 and their description are described.

The motor vehicle 50 has a vehicle component 10 designed as a door element 20. The motor vehicle 50 has a vehicle component 10 designed as a center console support structure 21. The motor vehicle 50 has a vehicle component 10 designed as a glove compartment element 22. The motor vehicle 50 has a vehicle component 10 designed as a storage compartment element 23. Each of the vehicle components 10 can have a section (not shown) that is visible to a user of the motor vehicle 50 and a section (not shown) that is not visible to the user of the motor vehicle 50. In particular, the invisible section of the vehicle component 10 can be designed as a metamaterial 11. Optionally, the visible section of the vehicle component 10 may not be designed as a metamaterial 11, but rather, for example, as a smooth and/or flat section.

4 schematically shows a sequence of a method 100 according to one aspect of the disclosure. The method 100 is a computer-implemented method 100 for designing a vehicle component 10. The vehicle component 10 and a metamaterial 11 from which the vehicle component 10 is at least partially formed are with reference to 1 until 3 described. 4 is made with reference to 1 until 3 and their description are described.

According to the method 100, geometry and material data of the vehicle component 10 are recorded 110. For this purpose, for example, construction data of the vehicle component 10 can be read in and/or retrieved. Geometry and material data with or without metamaterial 11 and/or oscillator elements 12 can be used, whereby the metamaterial 11 and/or the oscillator elements 12 can be added in an optimization process.

The vibration properties of the vehicle component 10 are analyzed 120 to determine an eigenmode 14 that leads to an acoustically perceptible noise. This is done, for example, by a calculation with a fini ten element method a modal analysis was carried out to find the eigenmodes 14. In particular, the natural frequencies 15 and the localization 16, i.e. the propagation of the natural mode 14 in the vehicle component 10, are determined. After the eigenmode 14 has been determined, the analysis 120 can be repeated, with the metamaterial 11 and/or the oscillator elements 12 now being arranged and designed according to the eigenmode 14 in order to absorb and dissipate energy of the eigenmode 14 as effectively as possible.

There is an output 130 of design information, the design information comprising how the oscillator element(s) 12 are designed and/or arranged for excitation by the at least one eigenmode 14.

The arrangement and geometry 13 of the oscillator elements 12 is determined based on the design information. The design information can further include information about a stop band and/or damping properties achieved by the design and/or arrangement of the oscillator elements 12.

5 shows a perspective view of a metamaterial 11 with oscillator elements 12 for a vehicle component 50 according to one aspect of the disclosure. The vehicle component 10 and the metamaterial 11 from which the vehicle component 10 is at least partially formed are also referred to 1 until 3 described. 5 is made with reference to 1 until 3 and its description are described.

The metamaterial 11 has different oscillator elements 12 with different geometries 13, the different geometries 13 each being tuned to a natural frequency 15 of the at least one natural mode 14. The different geometries 13 are each related to 2 described. The metamaterial 11 has rib-shaped or cuboid oscillator elements 13 and cylindrical oscillator elements 13. The cuboid oscillator elements 13 have different geometries 12 or dimensions and the cylindrical oscillator elements 13 have different geometries 12 or dimensions in order to be able to be specifically tailored to one or more eigenmodes 14.

6 shows a perspective view of a metamaterial 11 with oscillator elements 12 for a vehicle component 50 according to one aspect of the disclosure. The vehicle component 10 and the metamaterial 11 from which the vehicle component 10 is at least partially formed are also referred to 1 until 3 and 5 described. 6 is made with reference to 1 until 3 and 5 and its description are described.

The oscillator elements 12 are distributed inhomogeneously on the metamaterial 11, i.e. the oscillator elements 12 are distributed with a variable surface density. The metamaterial 11 has a different number of oscillator elements 12 per area of the metamaterial 11. This makes a particularly effective arrangement of the oscillator elements 12 possible according to the localization 16 of the eigenmode 14.

Reference symbol list

10

Vehicle component

10a

Injection molded component

10b

Plastic component

11

Metamaterial

12

Oscillator element

13

geometry

14

Own fashion

15

natural frequency

16

Localization

17

amplitude

18

Power density

20

Door element

21

Center console support structure

22

Glove compartment element

23

Storage compartment element

50

motor vehicle

100

Proceedings

110

Capture

120

Analyze

130

Spend

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102016219168 A1 [0005]
• WO 2021/170630 A1 [0006]

Claims (10)

Vehicle component (10) for absorbing noise, wherein: - the vehicle component (10) is at least partially designed as a metamaterial (11), - the metamaterial (11) has one or more damped mechanical oscillator elements (12), and - the vehicle component ( 10) has at least one eigenmode (14) leading to an acoustically perceptible noise, characterized in that - the oscillator element or elements (12) are tuned to excitation by the at least one eigenmode (14). vehicle component Claim 1 , characterized in that the oscillator element or elements (12) have a geometry (13), the geometry (13) being tuned to a natural frequency (15) of the at least one natural mode (14). vehicle component Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the metamaterial (11) has different oscillator elements (12) with different geometries (13), the different geometries (13) each being tuned to a natural frequency (15) of the at least one natural mode (14). Vehicle component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oscillator element or elements (12) are arranged on, in and/or on the metamaterial (11) in such a way that an arrangement of the oscillator element or elements (12) is based on a localization (16). which is tuned to at least one eigenmode (14). vehicle component Claim 4 , characterized in that the arrangement of the oscillator element(s) (11) can be determined according to an amplitude (17) and/or a power density (18) of the at least one eigenmode (14). Vehicle component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle component (10) is an injection molded component (10a) and/or a plastic component (10b). Vehicle component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle component (10) is a door element (20), a center console support structure (21), a glove compartment element (22) and / or a storage compartment element (23). Motor vehicle (50), comprising a vehicle component (10) according to one of the preceding claims. Computer-implemented method (100) for designing a vehicle component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method (100) has the steps: - acquiring (110) geometric and material data of the vehicle component (10); - Analyzing (120) the vibration properties of the vehicle component (10) to determine an eigenmode (14) leading to an acoustically perceptible noise; and - outputting (130) design information, the design information comprising how the oscillator element(s) (12) are tuned to excitation by the at least one eigenmode (14). Computer program and/or computer-readable medium, comprising commands which, when the program or commands are executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method (300) and/or the steps of the method (300). Claim 9 to carry out.

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