DE102006007679A1 - Vibration and noise reduction system for components of car doors, car seats or electric motors comprises resonators or absorbers whose eigenfrequency is adjusted to that of component which are fitted at specific points on component - Google Patents

Abstract

The vibration and noise reduction system for components of car doors (13), car seats or electric motors in vehicles comprises resonators or absorbers (61, 62, 81) whose eigenfrequency is adjusted to that of the component. These are fitted at specific points on the component and are attached to or built into them.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for reducing vibrations and sound radiation of system components of a motor vehicle.

• – Zusatzmassen in Form von Schwerfolien und Dämmmaterialien mit den schwingungsfähigen Flächen der Systembauteile zur Frequenzverstimmung mit dem Nachteil zusätzlichen Gewichts, einer Verwendung nur bei hoch abgestimmten Systemen und des Auftretens von Resonanzen bei neuer Eigenfrequenzlage mit vergleichbarer Amplitudenhöhe wie beim ursprünglichen, ungedämmten System,
• – Änderungen der Geometrie der schwingenden Flächen der Systembauteile durch besondere Formgebung, wie Verrippung oder dergleichen zur Veränderung der Schwingfähigkeit mit dem Nachteil einer erforderlichen Neukonstruktion nach der Akustikprüfung,
• – Helmholtz-Resonatoren zur Schallkapselung und damit Auslöschung der Eigenschwingungen mit dem Nachteil eines dafür erforderlichen großen Bauraums für das Resonanz-Luftvolumen,
• – Schalldämmmatten zur Einhausung der Schallabstrahlung mit dem Nachteil zusätzlichen Gewichts und großer Bautiefe bei niedrigen Frequenzen und
• – eine aktive Schallkompensation durch Erzeugen einer akustischen Gegenschwingung mit dem Nachteil einer sehr teuren und konstruktiv aufwändigen Schallabsorption sowie zusätzlicher Massen durch aktive Schallgeber und elektronische Steuerungsmodule

eingesetzt.Components of automotive systems such as electric motor auxiliary drives, body, doors, seats and the like are exposed to vibrations that are transmitted both by structure-borne noise and airborne sound and stimulate the system components to natural oscillations, which are perceived as noise and in particular in the range of natural frequencies of the system components to vibrations with large amplitudes and correspondingly strong noise. To avoid or suppress such resonant vibrations

• - Additional masses in the form of heavy foils and insulating materials with the oscillatory surfaces of the system components for frequency detuning with the disadvantage of additional weight, use only in highly tuned systems and the occurrence of resonances at new natural frequency position with comparable amplitude height as the original, non-insulated system,
• Changes in the geometry of the oscillating surfaces of the system components due to special shaping, such as ribbing or the like, for changing the oscillation ability with the disadvantage of a required new construction after the acoustic test,
• Helmholtz resonators for sound encapsulation and thus extinction of the natural vibrations with the disadvantage of a large space required for the resonance air volume,
• - Sound insulation mats to contain the sound radiation with the disadvantage of additional weight and large depth at low frequencies and
• - An active sound compensation by generating an acoustic counter-vibration with the disadvantage of a very expensive and structurally complex sound absorption and additional masses by active sounder and electronic control modules

used.

To reduce or avoid the noise of friction brakes with a brake pad, the support plate is provided with a friction lining, it is from the DE 199 03 757 A1 known to work out from the material of the support plate two diagonally offset resonators, whose natural frequency is set to the friction-induced excitation frequency of the support plate. The surfaces of the resonators are dimensioned so that they consume the registered in the carrier plate vibration without generating audible noise, so that the friction brake is calmed acoustically.

task It is the object of the present invention to provide a device for reduction of vibrations and sound emissions of system components of a motor vehicle, namely a motor vehicle door, a motor vehicle seat or an electric motor auxiliary drive indicate, with or without minor additional mass, without change the dimensions and structure of the system components as well as without or with only minor ones Additional costs Natural oscillations of the system components reduced or in derogation.

These Task is with the features of claim 1 by a swing excitable vibration resonator or vibration absorber solved, its natural frequency to the excitation frequency of the excited to vibrate system component is tuned, selectively at predetermined locations of the system component is arranged and adaptive or integrative with the system component connected is.

The inventive solution provides a device for the reduction of vibrations and sound radiation of system components of a motor vehicle, namely a motor vehicle door, a motor vehicle seat or an electric motor auxiliary drive available, the without or with only minor ones Additional mass, without change the dimensions and structure of the system components as well as without or with only minor ones Additional costs Natural oscillations of the system components reduced or in derogation.

In detail causes the solution according to the invention

• - one considerable weight advantage over sound-absorbing measures by the attachment of additional masses, heavy foils or insulating mats on the oscillating surfaces of the System components
• - one significantly smaller overall depth compared to Helmholtz resonators and sound insulation mats
• - lower Cost, as the sound-absorbing measures in integrative design after suitable tool design, for example by Punching are essentially cost-neutral while being more adaptive in design only small additional costs compared to the use of noise reduced Drives, acoustic enclosures or active sound compensation by generating an acoustic opposing field,
• - one Preservation of the structure of the system components with adaptive connection the vibration resonators or vibration absorbers with the system components,
• - one easy retrofitting and a low additional weight of the entire system of system component and vibration resonators or vibration absorbers in their adaptive Connection,
• - no Additional weight to the overall system of system component and vibration resonators or Vibration absorber in their integrative connection,
• - height Degrees of freedom and a targeted positioning by any Variations of vibration resonators or vibration absorbers,
• - one Maintaining the geometric dimensions of the basic system, what especially opposite direct system upsets due to geometry changes of the basic system is advantageous, as well
• - one Increasing the material life of the system components by the Reassurance of the oscillatory surfaces the system components.

By the tuning of the first natural frequency of the vibration resonator or vibration absorber to the natural frequency of the system component are the vibration amplitudes of the energized surface of the system component in the relevant frequency range minimized.

The first natural frequency of the vibration resonators is on the Excitation frequency of the system component set, wherein the surfaces of the vibration resonators are dimensioned so that the generated sound waves are not audible. The Vibration resonators set the registered in the system components Vibration energy around, so that as a result, the system component acoustically calmed down and no noise the environment will be delivered.

Becomes the vibration resonator or vibration absorber designed in such a way and connected to the system component or integrated into the system component, that the sound radiating surface of the System component is minimized, in particular by the geometry and selective arrangement of the vibration resonators or vibration absorbers the entire sound radiation effectively reduced.

Preferably is the oscillating mass (modal mass) of the vibration resonator or vibration absorber between 1% and 5% of the oscillating mass of the system component.

By This measure on the one hand, there is only a minimal increase in mass compared to one undamped System achieves and on the other hand, a broadband repayment efficiency of ± 20% get the exciter frequency position at which the vibrating resonator mass at least 10% of the vibrating (modal) mass of the calming Basic system mass possesses.

In an advantageous embodiment of the inventive solution a first vibration resonator or vibration absorber a fundamental system component assigned and further vibration resonators or vibration absorbers with partial system components connected, the arrangement and number of other vibration resonators or vibration absorber depending on Occurrence of second natural frequencies of the first vibration resonator or vibration absorber set in a predetermined frequency band is.

By this extra measure becomes the repayment range of the broadband eradication around the exciter frequency position extends to the new potential resonant points through the coupling of the basic system with that adapted to the basic system Vibration resonator or vibration absorber arise, the Number of resonator types due to the occurrence of the second natural frequencies the first vibration resonator or vibration absorber in the Target frequency band is limited. By this system calming becomes minimizes vibration propagation into the ambient atmosphere and achieved an optimal acoustic improvement.

in the Scope of the invention are quite possible Abwandlungsmöglichkeiten. this concerns especially the training and arrangement of the vibration resonators as well as resonators of different frequencies.

For use in or on system components of motor vehicles, in particular one Motor vehicle door, a motor vehicle seat or an electric motor auxiliary drive are particularly suitable designed as clamped beam vibrator vibration resonators or vibration absorber, preferably adaptive or integrative with an end connected to the system component beam oscillator in shape an adaptive beam vibrator, with one end over a connecting body with the surface of the system component is connected and parallel to the surface of the system component extends or in the form of an integrative beam oscillator, the as tongue-shaped Free cut in the surface the system component is formed. In the latter embodiment has the tongue-shaped Free cut parallel to each other, the system component penetrating longitudinal slots on, one end of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal slots extending transverse gap are connected.

A particularly simple arrangement exists It is to arrange two resonators diagonally offset from each other, in rectangular or approximately rectangular main surfaces of the system components. In the case of round main surfaces of system components, a star-shaped alignment with a corresponding angular offset of, for example, 90 ° is suitable, wherein an uneven angular offset is just as possible as rays of different lengths for matching to different frequencies.

A Further development of the solution according to the invention characterized in that a to be connected to the system component Additional component or part thereof as applied to the additional component or formed in the additional component integrated beam oscillator is.

By This development of the solution according to the invention can existing additional components that already in or on the to be damped Areas of System components are mounted, reconstructed into resonators and so that these additional components are assigned a double function, so that even with an adaptive connection of a beam oscillator With a system component additional masses are avoided.

Especially for large-area system components it is advantageous, the system component with at least one continuously extending, preferably formed as a depression or elevation deformation to provide their ends in at least one edge of the system component run in and thus the system component in at least two vibration ranges divide.

By the subdivision in particular of a large-area system component in at least two vibration ranges can Parts of the system component that respond to different vibration frequencies or parts of the system component connected to different components be subdivided into defined vibration ranges, their vibration behavior each separately with adaptively and / or integrally connected to the vibration ranges Beam oscillators is set or minimized.

A Subdivision into several separately to be treated vibration ranges is particularly suitable for a door module, in which at least one deformation running between two edges of the door module is provided, which is the door module divided into at least two vibration ranges, wherein in at least a vibration region arranged at least one beam oscillator is.

Generally can be due to the adaptive or integrative use of coupling or Beam swing in door systems and their components such as door shell construction, Outer door skin, Door unit carrier, vehicle windows and the like, the acoustic system performance, for example be optimized in the field of motor excitation. So can by an appropriate Adaptation of beam vibrators on the outer door skin to the use of Heavy foils completely be waived.

The solution according to the invention is used also for damping or suppression of vibrations of a motor vehicle door arranged as a system component electric and / or mechanical windows and its individual Components, such as guide rail (s), Pulleys, drivers and / or window by its or their adaptive or integrative connection with a bar oscillator.

By adaptive or integrative use of beam swingers z. B. on the guide rail of a Window lift can reduce the acoustic emission of operating vibrations such as driver squeak, stick-slip-generated system stimulation of the window lift rail or subsequently body-borne noise System components such. B. the window can be greatly minimized.

at a use of the solution according to the invention in a guide rail a window lift are preferably more along the guide rail integrally and / or adaptively arranged beam transducers are provided, which can also be formed differently.

In Similarly, at least one in the surface of the driver or the integrated or with the surface the or the driver associated coupling or beam oscillator be provided, with multiple beam oscillator at the various surfaces of the driver or can be designed differently.

to further absorption of vibratory system components a motor vehicle door can Beam vibrators in electrical and mechanical locking systems and their components such as lock housing, catch, striker, etc. a motor vehicle door integrated or alternatively connected to the locking system. there in particular several with the interior of the motor vehicle facing surface or the front of the door lock be provided adaptively or integratively connected beam oscillator.

Thus, by adaptive or integrative use of beam swingers in or on rotating parts, moving closing parts and the lock housing, the structure-borne noise and thus also the energy that could be converted by airborne sound, can be reduced. For example, by means of a or more beam oscillator z. B. on the catch of a door lock whose natural resonance behavior greatly minimized and thereby the acoustic system performance z. B. the impact noise, natural resonances or operating vibrations in the area of the striker to minimize the acoustic radiation of the Einrastgeräusches prevented or reduces the resonance of the lock housing with suitable beam swingers and thus minimizes the sound radiation of the locking noise.

there can designed as a beam oscillator vibration resonators or Vibration absorber in existing fasteners, profiles or connections, in conjunction with a door lock for example, by adaptive connection on the Stud bolting of the door lock by means of this particularly suitable star-shaped Coupling or beam vibrator.

A another possibility consists of adapting a part of the beam oscillator adaptively to the vibratory surface of a Door lock, in particular taking advantage of the shape of the surface in one for example, recessed or recessed part of the surface like a bead, which ensures the free swinging of the beam oscillator is to inject, which is associated with low production costs and leads to an effective vibration absorption.

One further oscillatory System component of a motor vehicle is the motor vehicle seat and its components such as Sitzrohbau, seat frames, seat rails, seat support, spindle hollow shafts and like. By adaptive or integrative use of beam swingers in the seat and / or backrest part a motor vehicle seat, the acoustic system performance z. B. optimized in the field of engine excitation and reassurance the resonances of the seat frame by a corresponding adaptation the cantilevers are achieved, resulting in a significant improvement in acoustics and thus noise reduction leads.

to Absorption of vibrations from the seat frame of a motor vehicle seat go out, are preferably several one-sided or two-sided clamped and adaptive or integrative with the seat side part, associated with the fiddle frame or lumbar pad of the seat back Coupling or beam oscillator while for vibration absorption of a seat pan of a motor vehicle seat due to the configuration of the seat pan a star-shaped, adaptively or integratively connected to the seat pan beam oscillator can be used advantageously.

In Similarly, a backrest frame by several preferably differently shaped, with the backrest frame adaptive or integrally connected beam oscillator calms or vibration-free be put.

One another, vibratory excitable system component of a motor vehicle provides an electric motor auxiliary drive for adjusting in Motor vehicles whose components are engine housings, transmission housings, spring brush systems, Carbon brushes, Hammered carbons, etc. adaptive or integrative with beam swing to Vibration reduction or absorption can be connected.

For example For example, a cantilever can be adaptive or integrative with the pole pot and / or the transmission housing the electromotive auxiliary drive or a star-shaped beam oscillator adaptive or integrative with the area between the screw-on points of the gearbox and thus to calm the resonance and Operating oscillations of the gearbox lead.

One on the vibration behavior of a commutator tuned beam oscillator can be adaptive or integrative with an area of a quiver coal trained carbon brush, preferably with the contact surface of the carbon brush opposite, a pressure spring receiving surface, or integratively with the Connecting arm connected to a carbon brush designed as a carbon brush and thus minimize their resonance behavior and the acoustic system performance z. B. in the range of Bürstengeräuschnutfrequenz optimize.

Based of exemplary embodiments, which are shown in the figures of the drawing are intended to further Characteristics and the idea underlying the invention are explained in more detail. Show it:

1 an exploded view of a motor vehicle door with the system components door body, door module, window and door lock;

2 a schematic representation of a subdivided into several separate oscillation areas door module with different beam oscillators for vibration absorption;

3 a partial perspective view of a connected to two different adaptive beam oscillators vibration surface of a system component;

4 a partial perspective view of one with various integrative beam swingers provided vibration surface of a system component;

5 a partial perspective view of a provided with various adaptive and integrative beam vibrator vibration surface of a system component;

6 a perspective view of a guide rail of a window with integrative and adaptive beam swingers;

7 a partial perspective view of a provided with adaptive and integrative beam swing driver of a window regulator;

8th a partial perspective view of a motor vehicle door with integrated in the door inner panel of the vehicle door lock;

9 an enlarged perspective view of the door lock according to 8th with various integrative and adaptive beam swingers;

10 and 12 perspective views of a motor vehicle seat with a plurality of integrated in the seat and backrest part or adaptively arranged, designed as a beam oscillator vibration resonators;

11 an enlarged schematic-perspective view of a guide rail for longitudinal adjustment of an in 10 shown motor vehicle seat with adaptive beam swingers;

13 a plan view of an electric motor auxiliary drive with an electric motor with commutator and a transmission unit with a plurality of adaptive or integrative vibration absorbers;

14 a schematic-perspective view of a carbon brush designed as a quiver coal and a collector for an electric motor with a vibration absorber and

15 a schematic-perspective view of a carbon brush designed as a carbon brush with integrated vibration absorber.

1 shows an exploded perspective view of a motor vehicle door 1 whose door body is made of an outer door skin 10 and a door inner panel 11 is composed. In the door inner panel 11 is a door opening 12 provided, the edge of which with mounting receptacles for a door module or a subframe 13 is provided on the several system components of the vehicle door 1 are arranged, for example, the components of a dashed double-stranded cable window lifter 2 , the components of a door lock 3 and an electromotive drive device 5 for the window regulator 2 and the door lock 3 ,

The door module or subframe 13 is in the direction of arrow A on the door inner panel 11 placed so that the edge of the door module or subframe 13 arranged attachment points with the fastening receptacles on the edge of the door cutout 12 aligned, and by means of several fasteners with the inner door panel 11 the motor vehicle door 1 connected. Subsequently, a door inner lining 14 to cover the door module or subframe 13 on the door inner panel 11 or the door module or the subframe 13 attached.

The motor vehicle door 1 contains a number of vibratory surfaces of both the door body 10 . 11 as well as the system components 2 . 3 . 5 , which in the embodiment according to 1 are shown as examples. Depending on the type of excitation frequency, which is caused by the drive system of the motor vehicle or while driving the motor vehicle and the natural frequency of the system components they are excited to vibrate, which are perceived in certain frequency ranges as very disturbing and over a longer period to damage or malfunction of System components can lead.

In order to suppress or prevent these oscillations of the system components of the motor vehicle door, which can be excited to vibrate, and other system components of a motor vehicle such as motor vehicle seats and auxiliary electric motor drives, the vibration resonators or vibration absorbers described below are used, which are optimally adapted to the overall vibration system with respect to their structure and composition and are used in areas of maximum effectiveness and whose natural frequency is tuned to the excitation frequency of the vibrated system components. The use of the vibration resonators and vibration absorbers may, if necessary, ie adaptively, depending on the structure and function of the respective system component, ie by attachment to the system component, or integrally, ie by inclusion in the structure of the system component, take place. For this purpose, the following is based on several in the 1 to 15 illustrated embodiments, the structure and function of the vibration resonators and vibration absorber described.

The perspective exploded view according to 1 contains as oscillatory system components in addition to those with the door module or subframe 13 connected system components windows 2 , Door lock 3 and electromotive drive device 5 the large-scale outer door skin 10 and the carrier plate of the door module or subframe 13 , These large-area components can be excited in a special way to vibrate, in particular, the thin outer door skin due to vibrations of the motor vehicle is excited to vibrate both at standstill with the motor vehicle engine running and as a result of the engine vibrations and the vibrations of the vehicle body.

The measures provided for absorbing vibrations of these large-area system components are described below with reference to the schematic representation of the door module or subframe 13 in 2 be explained in more detail.

2 shows a view of the door module 13 for the motor vehicle door 1 according to 1 with at the edge of the door module 13 circumferentially arranged mounting holes and one on the door module 13 attached window regulator drive 50 , which exemplifies several with the door module 13 connected functional elements is shown.

The door module 13 is formed by a first deformation formed as a bead 91 in the upper part of the door module 13 from the left in plan view side edge to the opposite right side edge, and a second, also formed as a bead or as a survey deformation 92 from the left side edge to the bottom edge of the door module 13 runs, in three separate vibration ranges 131 to 133 subdivided, of which one upper oscillation range 131 parallel to the upper edge and a medium vibration range 132 between the left edge and the right or bottom edge of the door module, while a lower vibration region 133 to the lower left corner of the door module 13 followed.

By dividing the door module 13 in several vibration ranges 131 to 133 can the vibration absorption depending on the connection of the door module 13 with the vehicle door, the arrangement of functional elements on the door module 13 and optionally the connection of the door module 13 with the door interior panel 14 the motor vehicle door 1 according to 1 be optimized. In addition, there is the possibility in the individual vibration ranges 131 to 133 Additional components or functional elements with the door module 13 be connected in relation to a maximum vibration absorption with vibration resonators or vibration absorbers or form as a vibration resonator or vibration absorber and thus to prevent additional masses in an adaptive resonator design or to avoid additional costs.

The individual vibration ranges 131 to 133 of the door module 13 become integrative and / or adaptive with as a bar oscillator 61 . 62 . 81 trained vibration resonators or vibration absorbers connected, the nature and size of the respective conditions, ie in particular the natural frequencies of the respective vibration ranges 131 to 133 , and the one with these oscillation ranges 131 to 133 connected further system components such as windows, door lock, electric motor drive device are adapted.

A selection of suitable for use in system components of a motor vehicle vibration resonators or vibration absorbers is in the 3 to 5 the representation and description of further embodiments in the 6 to 15 shows that in particular the configuration of these vibration resonators and vibration absorber can be varied as desired.

3 shows in schematic perspective view two adaptive vibration resonators or absorbers 61 . 62 , namely a cantilevered beam oscillator 61 and a double-bar oscillator 62 , The unilaterally connected or clamped beam oscillator 61 is composed of a bar-shaped part and a fastening part connected to the system component. The size and structure as well as the material of the bar-shaped part is determined by means of a natural vibration analysis and the adaptive resonator 61 firmly mounted on the system component, so that when a vibration excitation of the system component only the mounted adaptive resonator 61 vibrates, while the system component performs no significant vibration amplitudes. This applies to an excitation of the system component with both airborne and structure-borne sound waves.

The T-shaped double-bar oscillator 62 also consists of an elongated, beam-shaped part and a fastening part connected to the system component. Also, the structure, size and material selection of the bar-shaped part of the double-beam oscillator 62 is determined by means of a natural vibration analysis, so that when the system component is excited with airborne or structure-borne sound waves, only or predominantly the double beam oscillator is used exclusively or predominantly 62 is vibrated while the system component remains essentially at rest.

4 shows a schematic perspective view of two integrative resonators 71 . 72 of which the one integrative resonator as integrated into the system component beam oscillator 71 and the other integrative resonator as a bilaterally clamped integrative beam vibrator 72 ausgebil it is. The integration of these integrative resonators 71 . 72 into the system component takes place by corresponding free cut of the system component, so that the unilaterally clamped integrative resonator or beam oscillator 71 tongue-shaped lying in the plane of the system component is formed, while the double-sided clamped integrative resonator 72 consists of two mutually substantially parallel incisions. As the structure and material selection of integrative resonators 71 . 72 is determined by the structure and the material of the system component, the determination of the natural vibration behavior of the integrative resonator 71 . 72 be determined by its sizing. As part of this natural vibration analysis, the length and spacing of the cuts in the system component depending on its size, wall thickness and material is determined.

5 also shows in a schematic perspective view of further vibrational resonators or vibration absorbers connected adaptively or integratively with a system component 81 . 82 , The oscillation resonator, which in this embodiment is adaptively connected to the system component 81 is formed as a star-shaped resonator arrangement, which consists of a plurality of radially outgoing from a center star bar, which preferably but not necessarily have different lengths and / or cross-sections to adapt to different exciter frequencies.

The integrally connected with the system component vibration resonator 82 consists of a polygon-shaped free cut, which forms two mutually perpendicular tongues, which are dimensioned differently to cover a larger exciter frequency band, ie, may have different lengths and cross sections.

The use and the function of these adaptive or integrative vibration resonators or vibration absorbers in system components of a motor vehicle will first be described on the basis of the schematic illustration of the door module or subframe previously described 13 according to 2 be explained in the use of different adaptive or integrative vibration resonators or vibration absorbers in by deformations, ie beads or elevations 91 . 92 divided vibration ranges 131 . 132 . 133 of the door module 13 is shown.

During the first oscillation range 131 Due to its size and arrangement, in particular due to the length of its connection and its remaining, vibratory free surface is not equipped with vibration resonators or vibration absorber, are in the middle vibration range 132 two resonators 62 . 81 one of which is a resonator as an adaptive or integrative double-bar oscillator 62 is formed, while the other resonator of a star-shaped resonator 81 according to the in 5 represented resonator star 81 is trained. In the lower vibration range 133 is a cantilevered adaptive beam oscillator 61 for the suppression of natural oscillations of the oscillation range 133 of the door module or subframe 13 intended.

Overall, the in 2 illustrated configuration using adaptive or integrative vibration resonators or vibration absorbers 61 . 62 . 81 in that the door module or the unit carrier 13 essentially performs no natural oscillations due to body or airborne sound, by first subdividing into vibratory subsystems of the door module 13 by the arrangement of beads or elevations 91 . 92 in several vibration ranges 131 . 132 . 133 takes place and these are then connected adaptively or integratively depending on their natural vibration behavior with the vibration resonators or vibration absorbers. In this case, not only individual adaptive or integrative vibration resonators or vibration absorbers are used, which are tuned with their first natural frequency to the excitation frequency, but also other resonators whose first natural frequencies differ from each other, but whose natural frequency bands touch or overlap, so that a total resonator frequency band is generated, through which a larger excitation frequency spectrum, which acts as a structure or airborne sound on a system component, is acoustically calmed in terms of sound transmission capability.

Accordingly, in the embodiment according to 2 not only a subdivision of a large-area system component in a plurality of individual vibration ranges made, but the natural vibration frequencies of the individual vibration ranges and resulting from these individual vibration ranges overall system are coordinated so that they form a frequency band. The tuning of the individual natural frequencies of the adaptive or integrative vibration resonators or vibration absorbers is carried out in particular by a selection of the example in the 3 to 5 illustrated adaptive or integrative coupling or beam types and their sizing.

In the same way as above with reference to the door module 13 described, preferably designed as a beam oscillator vibration resonators or vibration absorbers with the outer door skin 10 according to 1 get connected, because of the function of the outer door skin 10 as an outer end surface and for flow reasons, preferably an adaptive arrangement of coupling or beam swingers on the inside of the outer door skin 10 he follows.

In the following with reference to the 6 to 15 Illustrated embodiments are only exemplary selected examples, which are suitable for use of the above-described adaptive or integrative vibration resonators or vibration absorbers. The illustration of individual embodiments should serve to understand the idea underlying the invention and provide guidelines for the use of various adaptive or integrative vibration resonators or vibration absorbers.

6 shows a schematic perspective view of a guide rail 20 a cable window lifter 2 according to 1 who are in favor of receiving an in 7 partially and in a schematically-perspective view shown driver 23 serves, the form-fitting and longitudinally displaceable with the guide rail 20 is connected and serves to receive a window. The guide rail 20 is over several fastening straps 21 with the door module or subframe 13 according to 1 connected and has an area 22 which can be excited to vibrate by airborne or structure-borne noise. The vibrations of the guide rail 20 You can then use the attachments on the door module or subframe 13 and be transferred from this to the vehicle door.

For acoustic reassurance of the guide rail 20 are with their surface several integrative or adaptive vibration resonators or vibration absorbers 61 . 83 . 84 connected, of which, for example, in the middle of the area 22 the guide rail 20 arranged vibrational resonator as an adaptive beam oscillator 61 is trained. At the ends of the guide rail 20 are in the field of fortifications 21 two integrative vibration resonators 83 . 84 provided, of which an integrative vibration resonator 83 from two integrally clamped integrating beam swingers rotated by 180 ° against each other in accordance with the integrative beam oscillator 71 according to 4 and the other integrative vibrational resonator of an integrative polygonal beam vibrator according to the in 5 schematically illustrated beam oscillator 82 consists. The integrative and adaptive vibrational resonators 61 . 83 . 84 are preferably tuned to a larger frequency band of the possible excitation vibrations and can be supplemented if necessary by further integrative or adaptive vibration resonators, for example in the form of cantilevered or double-sided beam swingers.

For the suppression of natural oscillations of in 7 schematically shown in perspective driver 23 serve on its outer surface arranged adaptive or integrative vibration resonators 61 . 85 , of which the vibrational resonator 61 is designed as an adaptive, cantilever beam cantilever, while on the back of the driver 23 arranged vibration resonator as two-sided clamped vibration resonator or absorber 85 is trained. By connecting the oscillatory surfaces of the driver 23 with the integrative or adaptive vibration resonators 61 . 85 become natural vibrations of the driver 23 due to transmission of excitation vibrations due to airborne or structure-borne noise as well as due to the sliding movement of the driver 23 on the guide rail 20 caused oscillations eliminated or suppressed, so that both one of the driver 23 Outgoing transmission of airborne sound vibrations as well as structure-borne sound vibrations on the guide rail 20 and of this on the door module or the subframe 13 and the motor vehicle door 1 is prevented.

In the 8th and 9 is the use of adaptive or integrative vibration resonators or absorbers on or in a door lock 3 for a motor vehicle door 1 according to 1 shown, wherein also in this embodiment, the use of different vibration resonators or absorbers is shown.

8th shows a perspective view of an open motor vehicle door 1 , on whose front side a door lock 3 with a lock housing 30 and a catch 31 is arranged, which is for closing the vehicle door with a striker 32 cooperates in the area of the B-pillar of the motor vehicle. The surface of the in 9 enlarged illustrated door lock 3 is both in the area of the side surfaces as well as in the area of the end face with several vibration absorbers 71 . 72 . 81 . 83 adaptively or integratively connected, the natural oscillations of the door lock 3 by vibration excitation by air or structure-borne noise as well as the connection of the catch 31 with the striker 32 during the closing of the motor vehicle door 1 prevent or reduce.

While the side surface of the door lock 3 with a bilaterally clamped, integrative vibration resonator 72 and a one-sided or double-sided clamped integrative or adaptive vibration resonator 83 and a star-shaped resonator arrangement 81 adaptively connected are at the front of the door lock 3 at On the sides above and below the lock latch clamped on one side, integrative vibration resonators 71 according to the in 4 provided unilaterally clamped integrative vibration resonator provided.

In this embodiment, the star-shaped resonator arrangement 81 on the side of the door lock 3 directly with a stud bolting of the door lock 3 connected and may optionally have uniformly shaped beams or beams of different lengths or different cross-section for the absorption of a larger frequency band. Furthermore, in order to avoid contamination when using integrative vibration resonators or absorbers in the region of the front side of the door lock 3 the respective free cut with a non-vibratory material, such as a soft plastic, are permanently filled.

In the same way can the catch 31 receiving plate are connected to the B-pillar of the motor vehicle with at least one integrative or adaptive vibration resonator, for example in the form of a beam oscillator, so that by the closing of the vehicle door 1 caused vibrations that could be transmitted by structure-borne noise to the vehicle body, already suppressed at this point.

Based on 10 to 12 is the use of vibration resonators or absorbers on a motor vehicle seat 4 illustrated and explained in more detail.

The motor vehicle seat 4 is made up of a seat part 40 and a pivotable at the rear end of the seat part 40 articulated backrest part 41 together and is on seat rails 42 adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the motor vehicle. The connection of the motor vehicle seat 4 over the seat rails 42 with the motor vehicle chassis causes a transmission of structure-borne noise between the vehicle body and the associated components of a motor vehicle and the motor vehicle seat 4 , in which also transmitted by airborne vibrations can be coupled, but by the padding both the backrest part 41 as well as the seat part 40 be steamed. Due to the connection of the motor vehicle seat with the motor vehicle chassis via the seat rails 42 thus leads to a self-oscillating excited motor vehicle seat 4 to an airborne and structure-borne sound transmission of resonant vibrations on the motor vehicle chassis, which can lead to significant acoustic interference.

To such natural oscillations of the vehicle seat 4 or individual components of the motor vehicle seat 4 counteract is according to 10 the backrest part 41 of the vehicle seat 4 in the area of a lumbar pad 43 integrative with several designed as one or two sides clamped beam vibrator vibration resonators 71 . 72 and with an integrative vibrational resonator star 86 connected, the natural vibrations of the Lordosenmatte 43 absorb. In the same way is the page frame 45 of the seat part 40 With vibration resonators clamped on one side and two sides 71 . 72 connected adaptively or integratively.

11 shows an enlarged schematic perspective view of a seat rail 42 To prevent weakening of the seat rails 42 and thus to maintain the crash resistance of the seat rails 42 preferably from cantilevered beam swingers 61 exist by specifying the longitudinal structure of the seat rails 42 mutually offset by 180 ° and in the longitudinal direction in alignment with each other, for example, the mutually facing inner sides of the seat rails 42 are arranged where a free swinging of the beam vibrator 61 is guaranteed.

12 shows further embodiments for the use of adaptive and / or integrative vibration resonators or absorbers on parts of a motor vehicle seat 4 , For example, several integrative vibration resonators in the backrest frame 44 of the backrest part 41 , which can be used as a cantilever beam clamped on one or two sides 71 . 72 . 83 as well as polygonal vibration resonators 82 can be trained.

In the same way, a seat pan 46 of the seat part 41 for example with an adaptive or integrative vibrational resonator star 86 be provided by the body or airborne sound on the seat pan 46 transmitted vibrations absorbed and thus the occurrence of resonant vibrations, especially in the natural frequency range of the seat pan 46 suppressed.

Another field of application of the adaptive and / or integrative vibration resonators or absorbers according to the invention are electromotive drive units 5 which consist of electric motors with associated gear units and in various adjustment of a motor vehicle, for example as a drive unit for a window or a door lock according to 1 or for seat-length adjustment, seat height adjustment, backrest tilt adjustment, Lordoseverstellung and the like of a motor vehicle seat 4 according to the 10 to 12 be used.

13 shows a schematic plan view of an electric motor drive unit 5 with a electric motor 51 , a commutator 52 and a gearbox 53 , which has three mounting flanges 54 with a door module or subframe 13 according to 1 or a seat frame for a motor vehicle seat 4 according to the 10 to 12 is connected. The use of integrative or adaptive vibration resonators in such electromotive drive units 5 is particularly suitable for the designed as a pole pot housing of the electric motor 51 , Parts of the commutator 52 and the housing of the gearbox 53 , In the schematic representation according to 13 are several at the pole pot of the electric motor 51 arranged distributed, cantilever beam cantilever 61 adaptively connected to the outer surface of the pole pot and the commutator 52 also with one or more adaptively arranged beam swingers 61 Mistake. The comparatively large area of the gearbox 53 is suitable, for example, for adaptive connection with a star-shaped vibration absorber 81 with equal length or for a wide frequency spectrum different length bar-shaped vibration arms.

In the area of the commutator 52 For the purpose of minimizing or avoiding brush noise, as a result of the collector running on the carbon brushes, adaptive or integrative vibration absorbers can be used as in the 14 and 15 be provided schematically shown in perspective. For example, according to offers 14 the arrangement of a cantilever beam cantilever 61 trained adaptive vibration absorber on which a spring for tracking a trained as a quiver coal carbon brush 55 is applied. Because of the touch of the carbon brush 55 with the rotating collector 56 and the clamped arrangement of the carbon brush 55 as well as their spring load is the carbon brush 55 a particularly oscillatory structure, which is particularly suitable for the emission of airborne and structure-borne noise. For this reason, the arrangement of an adaptive or integrative vibration absorber proves 61 on or in the carbon brush 55 as particularly effective.

The same applies to a carbon brush designed as a hammer 57 to how they are schematic-perspective in 15 is shown. It proves to be particularly effective, especially designed as a cantilevered beam oscillator integrative vibration absorber 71 in the connection arm 58 the hammer coal 57 provided by the natural vibrations of the carbon brush 57 be particularly effectively suppressed.

1

Motor vehicle door

2

power windows

3

Locks

4

Automotive seat

5

electromotive driving means

10

Door outer skin

11

Inner door panel

12

door cutout

13

Door module or assembly carrier

14

Door lining

20

guide rail

21

mounting tabs

22

Guide rail surface

23

takeaway

30

lock housing

31

catch

32

striker

40

seat part

41

back part

42

seat rails

43

Lordosenmatte

44

back frame

45

side frame

46

Shower Curtains

50

Power window

51

electric motor

52

commutator

53

transmission

54

mounting flanges

55

quiver coal

56

collector

57

hammer coal

58

connecting arm

61

one-sided clamped coupling or beam oscillator

62

Double beam transducer

71, 72

integrative resonators

81

Star-shaped resonator arrangement

82

Polygon coupling or beam oscillator

83 84

integrative oscillation resonator

85

bilaterally clamped vibration resonator

86

integrative Schwingungsresonatorstern

91 92

beading or surveys

131 132

vibration areas

133

Claims (37)

Device for reducing vibrations and sound radiation of system components of a motor vehicle door excited to vibrate ( 1 ) like door body ( 10 . 11 ), Door module or subframe ( 13 ), Components of a window regulator ( 2 ) or door lock ( 3 ), System components ( 40 - 46 ) of a motor vehicle seat ( 4 ) or system components ( 51 - 57 ) an electromotive drive device ( 5 ) of a motor vehicle with oscillatory vibration exciters or vibration absorbers ( 61 - 86 ) whose natural frequency is at the excitation frequency of the oscillating excited system components ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) selectively at predetermined locations of the system components ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) and adaptively or integratively with the system components ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) are connected. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first natural frequency of the vibration resonators or vibration absorbers ( 61 - 86 ) to the natural frequency of the system components ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) is tuned. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vibration resonators or vibration absorbers ( 61 - 86 ) and configured with the system components ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) or into the system components ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) are integrated, that the sound radiating surfaces of the system components ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) are minimized. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oscillating mass of the vibration resonators or vibration absorbers ( 61 - 86 ) between 1% and 5% of the oscillating mass of the system components ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) is. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oscillating mass of the vibration resonators or vibration absorbers ( 61 - 86 ) approx. 10% of the oscillating mass of the system components ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) is. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first vibration resonator or vibration absorber ( 61 - 86 ) associated with a basic system component and further vibration resonators or vibration absorbers ( 61 - 86 ) are connected to partial system components. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the arrangement and number of further vibration resonators or vibration absorbers ( 61 - 86 ) as a function of the occurrence of second natural frequencies of the first vibration resonator or vibration absorber ( 61 - 86 ) is set in a predetermined frequency band. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vibrational resonator or vibration absorber ( 61 - 86 ) consist of at least one clamped beam oscillator. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized by an adaptive or integrative with one end with the system component ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) connected bar oscillators ( 61 - 86 ). Device according to Claim 9, characterized in that the adaptive beam oscillator ( 61 ) with one end via a connecting body with the surface of the system component ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) and parallel to the surface of the system component ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ). Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the integrative beam oscillator ( 71 . 72 ) as a tongue-shaped cutout in the surface of the system component ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) is trained. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the tongue-shaped cutout parallel to each other, the system component ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) has penetrating longitudinal slots whose one ends are connected to a transverse to the longitudinal slots transverse gap. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized by an adaptive or integrative between its ends with the system component ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) connected bar oscillators ( 62 . 72 ). Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized by a central connection ( 62 ) of the beam oscillator on the system component ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ). Device according to Claim 8, characterized by a star-shaped resonator arrangement ( 81 ). Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the individual beams of the star-shaped resonator arrangement ( 81 ) have a different length. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a with the system component ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) to be connected additional component or with the system component ( 2 - 5 ; 10 . 11 . 13 ; 30 - 32 ; 40 - 46 ; 51 - 57 ) to be connected part of an addition component as a component adaptively or integratively connected bar oscillator ( 61 - 86 ) is trained. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system component ( 10 . 11 . 13 ) at least one continuously extending, preferably formed as a depression or elevation deformation ( 91 . 92 ) whose ends in at least one edge of the system component ( 10 . 11 . 13 ) and the system component ( 10 . 11 . 13 ) in at least two oscillation ranges ( 131 - 133 ). Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the surface of a door body ( 10 . 11 ) or a door module or subrack ( 13 ) by at least one between two edges of the door body ( 10 . 11 ), the door module or subframe ( 13 ) extending deformation in at least two vibration ranges ( 131 - 133 ) and that at least one coupling or bar oscillator ( 61 - 86 ) adaptive or integrative with at least one of the vibration regions ( 131 - 133 ) connected is. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by an adaptive or integrative connection of at least one beam oscillator ( 61 - 86 ) with components of a motor vehicle door ( 1 ) arranged electrical and / or mechanical window lifter ( 2 ), in particular with one or more guide rails ( 20 ), Pulleys, drivers ( 23 ) and / or a windowpane. Apparatus according to claim 20, characterized by several along the guide rail ( 20 ) integrally and / or adaptively arranged bar oscillators ( 61 - 86 ). Device according to claim 21, characterized in that the beam oscillators ( 61 - 86 ) are formed differently. Device according to one of the preceding claims 20 to 22, characterized by at least one in the surface of the or the driver ( 23 integrated or adaptive with the surface of the driver (s) ( 23 ) connected bar oscillators ( 61 - 86 ). Apparatus according to claim 23, characterized by differently shaped beam oscillators ( 61 - 86 ) on or in the surfaces of the driver (s) ( 23 ). Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one in the door lock ( 3 ) a motor vehicle door ( 1 ) integrated or adaptive with the door lock ( 3 ) connected bar oscillators ( 61 - 86 ). Apparatus according to claim 25, characterized by a plurality with the interior of the motor vehicle facing surface or the front side of the door lock ( 3 ) adaptively or integratively connected bar oscillators ( 61 - 86 ). Apparatus according to claim 26, characterized by an adaptive on the stud bolting of the door lock ( 3 ) arranged star-shaped resonator arrangement ( 81 ). Device according to one of the preceding claims 25 to 27, characterized in that a part of the beam oscillators ( 61 - 86 ) adaptively to the surface of the door lock ( 3 ) is injected. [Swing capability?] Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one with the backrest and / or seat frame ( 41 . 40 ) of a motor vehicle seat ( 4 ) adaptively or integratively connected bar oscillators ( 61 - 86 ). Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that a plurality of differently shaped beam oscillators ( 61 - 86 ) adaptive or integrative with the backrest frame ( 44 ) of the backrest part ( 41 ) of the motor vehicle seat ( 4 ) are connected. Apparatus according to claim 30, characterized in that a plurality of cantilevered on one or two sides bar ( 61 - 86 ) adaptive or integrative with the page frame ( 45 ) of the seat part ( 40 ) of the motor vehicle seat ( 4 ) are connected. Device according to claim 29, characterized in that a star-shaped beam oscillator ( 81 ) adaptive or integrative with the seat pan ( 46 ) of the motor vehicle seat ( 4 ) connected is. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by adaptive or integrative with components of an electromotive drive device ( 5 ) for adjusting devices in motor vehicles connected beam vibrators ( 61 - 86 ). Apparatus according to claim 33, characterized by an adaptive or integrative with a surface of a quiver coal ( 55 ) formed carbon brush, preferably with the contact surface of the quiver coal ( 55 ) opposite, a pressure spring receiving surface connected bar oscillator ( 61 - 86 ). Apparatus according to claim 33, characterized net by at least one adaptive or integrative with the connecting arm ( 58 ) one as a hammered coal ( 57 ) trained carbon brush connected beam vibrator ( 61 - 86 ). Apparatus according to claim 33, characterized by at least one adaptive or integrative with the pole head of the electric motor ( 51 ), the commutator ( 52 ) and / or the housing of the transmission ( 53 ) of the electromotive drive device ( 5 ) connected bar oscillators ( 61 - 86 ). Device according to Claim 36, characterized in that a star-shaped beam oscillator ( 81 ) is adaptively or integrally connected to the surface between the screw-on points of the transmission housing.