DE102022108056A1 - Channel baling press with cross tying - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a channel baling press with an input area (1), a bale channel (4) adjoining the input area (1), and a press ram (3), which feeds material from the input area (1) into the bale channel (4) in a pressing direction (P). ) pressed, as well as with a first bandaging device and with a second bandaging device for producing bales by strapping the pressed material with a bandaging material in several tracks, the bandaging devices each having a connecting device (17), in particular a twisting device, arranged on one side of the bale channel (4). , and the first bandaging device has first cross-connectors, in particular a first, vertically oriented pulling device and the second bandaging device has second cross-connectors, in particular a second, horizontally oriented pulling device and guide means (15) for guiding the bandaging material, the second bandaging device being automatic, depending on has holding means and separating means (26) operating from a control (22) for holding and separating the bandaging material.

Description

The present invention relates to a channel baling press with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Baling presses are generally used for compacting loose materials to be shaped into an advantageous shape for transportation and storage purposes. Various types of presses are known for the production of cuboid bales, namely box presses (English: two ram baler), in which a first press ram compresses the material into a press box and a second ram causes the pressed bale to be ejected into a binding device . The other type is that of a channel baler (English: single ram baler), in which a press ram presses the material to be pressed from a feed area into a bale channel. In this bale channel, the material to be pressed is compacted against bales that are already there. The friction of the existing bales in the bale channel creates the counter pressure required for compaction. At the end of the bale channel, the bales are delivered in the same direction in which the baling process takes place. The bale is tied when a predetermined length of the bale has been reached in the pressing direction.

The terms “tying off”, “strapping” and “bandaging” are used synonymously in this field.

The material or compacted material to be compacted can vary greatly, ranging from lightweight, easy-to-compact materials such as recycled plastic waste and cardboard to difficult-to-compact materials such as old tires or scrap metal. The degree of compaction and the tendency to re-expand the material vary greatly. The positioning of the compacted material in a formed bale can also vary. Materials that interlock with each other during the pressing process can form a very well-defined bale. Materials with round cross-sections that are difficult to compact tend to form unstable bales. For the latter reason, a so-called vertical tie-off is advantageous in channel baling presses, in which a number of parallel ties are created across the front end face in the pressing direction, the upper and lower long sides and the rear end face. This binding prevents material from falling out on the lower long side when the bale is lifted and moved.

Especially with materials that are difficult to compact and have a high tendency to expand back, it can also be advantageous to provide both a vertical tie and a horizontal tie so that the long sides of the bale are also strapped. This is then referred to as a cross binding.

The person skilled in the art knows that the terms “vertical” and “horizontal” in this context are not understood in a narrow sense, for example to mean a direction parallel to the gravity vector or orthogonal to the gravity vector. Rather, the directions referred to as vertical and horizontal are essentially to be understood in this sense, with the horizontal direction approximately corresponding to the course of the pressing direction, i.e. depending on the design and installation of the channel baling press also an angle of a few degrees, for example 2° to 10° inclination angle the horizontal can have. Correspondingly, the vertical direction is also to be understood as having a tolerance range of a few degrees, for example 2° to 10° angle of inclination relative to the vertical. In this sense, a vertical binding creates a loop of bandaging material around the bale, which runs in a vertical plane, the vertical plane being essentially spanned by the vertical direction and the pressing direction. The horizontal binding is accordingly created in a horizontal plane that is spanned by the pressing direction and a horizontal oriented transversely to the pressing direction.

While cross binding or cross strapping ensures robust binding of the bale even with difficult-to-handle materials, it is not necessary for simple materials. It is therefore advantageous if the horizontal binding can be switched on and off if necessary. Manual decommissioning and commissioning of the horizontal tying is difficult and time-consuming because this requires operating personnel to get into the safety area of the channel baling press and the channel baling press must therefore be taken out of operation for this process.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to create a channel baling press in which cross tying is provided with horizontal tying that can be switched on and off automatically.

This task is solved by a channel baling press with the features of claim 1.

Because in a generic channel baling press with an input area, a bale channel adjoining the input area and a press ram that presses material from the input area into the bale channel in a pressing direction, as well as with a first bandaging device and with a second bandaging device for producing bales by strapping the pressed material with a bandaging material, both bandaging devices each comprising a connecting device for connecting ends of the bandaging material, in particular in the form of twisting devices, and the first bandaging device has a first, vertically oriented cross connector for the bandaging material, in particular in the form of a pulling device, and the second bandaging device has a second, horizontally oriented cross-connector for bandaging material, also preferably in the form of a pulling device, it is further provided that the second bandaging device has automatic holding means and operating as a function of a control Having separating means for holding and separating the bandaging material, the bandaging material of the horizontal binding can be separated, kept ready and reconnected if necessary, depending on a control. Access for operating personnel to the corresponding assemblies is not required. The process can be done automatically and therefore quickly and safely. In particular, it is also possible to change the type of binding (cross binding or simple, vertical strapping) from one bale to the next bale. The cross connectors are preferably designed to have multiple tracks, in particular with three to five tracks.

If, in addition, the automatic holding and separating means are arranged laterally on the same side next to the bale channel, the bandaging material can be separated in spatial proximity to the holding means and kept there ready for the next horizontal strapping. The resulting amount of bandaging material to be discarded is thereby reduced. Guide means, in particular deflection rollers, are provided on the same side of the bale channel in order to guide the respective strand of bandaging material so that it can be grasped by the pulling device and pulled transversely to the pressing direction along the back of the finished bale across the press channel.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment it is provided that the guide means can be moved essentially parallel to the pressing direction, i.e. parallel or at an acute angle. In another embodiment, the guide means can also be arranged to be pivotable about an approximately vertical axis, so that the guide means can be moved between a first and a second position. The first and second positions are at a distance from each other in the conveying direction. It is irrelevant whether the positions are at a distance from one another across the conveying direction. The guide means can influence the strand guidance, for example in such a way that the strand comes into the effective area of the holding and separating means or is guided out of it. Furthermore, it can alternatively or additionally be provided that the automatic holding means and/or the automatic separating means can be moved substantially parallel to the pressing direction, i.e. parallel or at an acute angle. Then the strand of bandaging material held in the holding means and/or the intended separation point in the area of the bandaging device can be moved, for example, from a rest position to an operating position and back, for example in order to specifically feed the bandaging material to the pulling device.

A particularly effective holding means, which also withstands high tensile forces acting on the bandaging material, has a separate, in particular concave, abutment for each track and a matching, in particular wedge-shaped, clamping member. These are preferably hydraulically actuated. In particular, it is advantageous if a holding means is provided for each track of the bandaging material and all holding means can be controlled and driven together, in particular synchronously.

It is also advantageous if the channel baling press has a separate separating means for shearing off the bandaging material for each track, and these can also preferably be controlled and driven together, in particular synchronously. This makes the separation process particularly quick and reliable.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the holding means does not work against the abutment, but rather deforms the bandaging material by pushing a region of the bandaging material into the abutment without strictly clamping it between the clamping member and the abutment. In bandaging material such as steel wire, this deformation creates enough friction to generate sufficient holding force. A further preferred embodiment provides that the holding means and the separating means are driven by a common, in particular hydraulic, actuator. This simplifies control, especially when all holding means and all separating means are driven together.

The bandaging material is, for example, in the form of a steel wire, which is kept in a left and a right strand for each track in relation to the pressing direction and is drawn off from a supply spool for this purpose. Preferably, a drilling device is provided on the side of the channel baling press opposite the holding means, in particular a drilling device with two driven drilling grippers or drilling hooks, namely one of the press rams closer, upstream in the pressing direction twist hook and one closer to the bale exit, downstream in the pressing direction twist hook for each track of the horizontal bandaging device. As a result, both the bandaging material of both strands of a track at the trailing end of the finished bale and the bandaging material of both strands of the leading end of the subsequent bale are reliably connected, in particular twisted.

Particularly preferably, the drill hooks of the second, horizontal bandaging device can be driven separately, preferably all upstream drill hooks together and/or synchronously, and all downstream drill hooks also together and/or synchronously. A second separating device can be arranged between an upstream twisting hook and a downstream twisting hook.

• 1 - 15: einen Teil einer Kanalballenpresse in Draufsicht mit einem Ballenkanal, einem darin verfahrbaren Pressstempel sowie einer horizontalen Bandagiereinrichtung in einem Längsschnitt, jeweils in verschiedenen Stellungen und Betriebszuständen der Bandagiereinrichtung;
• 16: eine Drillvorrichtung mit Trennvorrichtung und Ziehnadel in einer Stirnansicht; sowie
• 17: die Drillvorrichtung aus 16 in einer anderen Betriebsstellung.

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

• 1 - 15 : a part of a channel baling press in a plan view with a bale channel, a press ram that can be moved therein and a horizontal bandaging device in a longitudinal section, each in different positions and operating states of the banding device;
• 16 : a drilling device with a separating device and a drawing needle in a front view; as well as
• 17 : the drilling device off 16 in a different operating position.

The 1 shows part of a channel baling press in a top view. The illustration is a schematic sectional view in a longitudinal section parallel to a pressing direction P. The drawing plane is a horizontal plane of the device, which is spanned by the pressing direction P and a transverse direction Q oriented at right angles to the pressing direction P.

The channel baling press has an input area 1, not shown, into which material to be pressed is to be entered loosely. A hydraulic unit 2 is provided to move a press ram 3 from the input area 1 into a bale channel 4 and thereby compress the material to be pressed there. Several working strokes of the press ram 3 produce a bale 5.

Seen in the pressing direction P, a bandaging device with several components is provided in a downstream area of the bale channel 4, approximately where the working stroke of the hydraulic unit 2 ends, which are essentially known from the prior art. The bandaging device specifically comprises a left supply spool 10 in this illustration and a right supply spool 11. In this exemplary embodiment, the two supply spools 10 and 11 hold a bandaging material in the form of a quasi-endless steel wire for strapping the bales produced. A left strand 12 of the bandaging material runs from the supply spool 10 through a left guide means 13, which is formed by two deflection rollers and guides the wire to a wire entry, not shown, in the bale channel 4. On the opposite side, a right strand 14 runs from the supply spool 11 to a right guide means 15, which also has two deflection rollers and leads the wire to a right wire entry of the bale channel.

In addition to the bale channel 4, a connecting device 17 is arranged in the area of the guide means 13 and 15, which in this case is designed as a twisting device due to the use of steel wire. This device is described in more detail below. What is important here is that the connecting device 17 includes a first twist hook 18 and a second twist hook 19, each of which can be driven separately. The first drill hook 18 is driven by a first drive 20 to rotate about a horizontal axis of rotation which is oriented parallel to the transverse direction Q. The second drill hook 19 is driven by a second drive 21 about a corresponding parallel axis of rotation. Both drives 20, 21 are controlled by a control 22, which is only shown schematically.

The connecting device 17 further comprises a drawing needle 23, which can be moved parallel to the transverse direction Q by a drive 24 depending on the control 20. The design of the drawing needle 23 is known from the prior art.

On the right side of the bale channel 4, the guide means 15 is arranged on an actuator 25, which is set up to move the guide means 15 parallel to the pressing direction P not far from the control 20. The actuator 25 can in particular be driven hydraulically. The right strand 14 of the bandaging material runs between the guide means 15 and the bale channel 4 via a combined holding and separating means 26, which is not shown in more detail here. The combined holding and separating means 26 is also hydraulically actuated and has a concave, fixed abutment and a movable, matching wedge-shaped clamping element, between which the bandaging material can be clamped and held. A release agent in the form of a shearing device is also provided.

In the operating state of the channel baling press, which is in 1 is shown, a first bale 5 is completely produced and compacted. The pressing pressure with which the bale 5 was compacted is maintained by the hydraulic unit and the press ram 3 in order to prevent the bale 5 from expanding back as long as it is not yet strapped or bandaged. During the pressing process, the bale 5 automatically took bandaging material with it, namely removed from the left supply spool 3 and the right supply spool 11. The strand 12 rests on the left side of the bale 5 in the pressing direction P. The strand 14 rests on the side leading in the pressing direction P and on the right side of the bale 5. In a twist 28, which was previously generated by the connecting device 17, the two strands 12 and 14 are connected to one another in a tension-resistant manner.

Based on this condition, the bale 5 should now be strapped completely horizontally. The next step planned for this is: 2 illustrated. In order to make the drawing clearer, not all reference numbers are repeated, but rather only the reference numbers of those elements that are involved in the respective process step.

The 2 shows that based on the operating state in 1 the drawing needle 23 and in the drive 24 are moved in the transverse direction into the bale channel 4, more precisely into a horizontal groove 29 of the press ram 3.

The 3 shows how the drawing needle 23 has moved to its right end position. One end 30 of the drawing needle 23 has been moved between the right guide means 15 and the combined holding and separating means 26 and under the strand 14 located there into an extreme right position (relative to the pressing direction P). The end 30 of the drawing needle 23 has a head, which is not shown in detail here. The head essentially comprises a catching element in the manner of a barb and a roller over which the strand 14 can roll.

In the 4 The further process sequence is illustrated in which the drawing needle 23 has grasped the strand 14 and is pulled back to the left by the drive 24. The strand 14 is taken along and rolls over the roller of the end 30 of the drawing needle 23. Since the strand 14 is attached to the twist 28, the required length is subtracted from the second supply spool 11 by the guide means 15.

In the 5 the drawing needle 23 is retracted to its starting position and has captured both the right strand 14 and the left strand 12 and pulled into the area of the twist hooks 18 and 19.

The procedural steps in the 1 until 5 are illustrated, basically work like this in a conventional bandaging device. However, in the horizontal binding shown, the channel baling press illustrated here is intended to provide the option of choosing whether the bale produced should be tied horizontally or not, and to automatically carry out the necessary steps for this. It should also be mentioned that a conventional vertical tying, which is not shown in the figures, is present in this channel baling press and that it is always active. The bales produced are either strapped vertically and horizontally, as with the bale 5 shown here, or only strapped vertically when the horizontal strapping is switched off.

The 6 now shows the process step that is carried out if the next, not yet produced bale is to be produced without horizontal bandaging. In this step, only the downstream twisting hook 19 has been driven and has grasped and twisted the strands 12 and 14 extending from the bale downstream of the pulling needle 23, so that the bale 5 is completely wrapped around with a second twist 28 'and secured against re-expansion. A separating device assigned to the connecting device 17 then severed the two strands 12 and 14, so that the bale 5 is free of the virtually endless strands 12 and 14 and can be dispensed. The ends of the strands 12 and 14, which were created upstream of the drawing needle 23, initially remain in the area of the upstream twist hook 18.

Now, as in 7 illustrated, the actuator 25 is controlled in order to move the guide means 15 parallel to the pressing direction P into a downstream end position. This movement causes the free end of the right strand 14 to be pulled out of the upstream twist hook 18. It lies loosely in the groove 29 of the press ram 3.

At the same time as in 7 As shown in the movement of the right guide means 15, the strand 14 is also brought closer to the combined holding and separating means 26. In the 8th is illustrated that the holding and separating means 26 is now closed by vertically advancing the clamping element, not shown, whereby the strand 14 is clamped and held. In addition, the free end of the strand 14 lying in the groove 29 is separated from the associated separating device close to the holding means 26 and is present as a section 31. This section 31 will be rejected in the further proceedings in which it is set out in is processed with the subsequently produced bale.

The 9 shows the tying device of the channel baling press in the same condition as that 8th . In the meantime, another bale 35 has been produced in the bale channel 4. Since the left strand 12 and the right strand 14 are currently not connected to each other, none of the strands 12, 14 were taken along by the bale 35. The bale 35 is not strapped horizontally, but only vertically. The discarded section 31 lies at the front in front of the bale 35 and is strapped together with the bale 35 by the vertical bandaging.

In the next step, the channel baling press is now prepared for the horizontal strapping of the next bale.

In 10 For this purpose, the drawing needle 23 is retracted into the groove 29 of the press ram 3. At approximately the same time, the right guide means 15 is moved back into its upstream starting position by the actuator 25. The free end of the right strand 14 continues to sit in the holding means 26. The distance between the second guide means 15 and the combined holding and separating means 26 has now again assumed the value that was already in the initial situation 1 until 6 was present.

In the 11 the drawing needle 23 has again arrived in its right end position and reaches between the combined holding and separating means 26 and the second guide means 15 under the right strand 14.

The 12 shows how the drawing needle 23 grasps the right strand 14 with its head 30 and takes it into the groove 29 in the backward movement. The strand 14 is pulled off the right supply spool 11. The free end remains fixed in the combined holding and separating means 26.

In 13 the drawing needle 23 has arrived in its left starting position or rest position and has taken the strand 14 with it, so that it has reached the area of the two twist hooks 18 and 19. The one in transition from 5 to 6 The free end of the separated first strand 12 is still present in this area. Now in transition to 14 the drive motor of the upstream twisting hook 18 is actuated and the right strand 14 is twisted with the free end of the left strand 12 by the first twisting hook 18 in its section between the drawing needle 23 and the second guide means 15.

14 shows that this created a twist 36, which firmly connects the left strand 12 and the right strand 14 train. The piece of the right strand 14 located between the pulling needle 23 and the combined holding and separating means 26 is then separated from the separating device of the connecting device 17, the clamping device is released and the separated wire is now present as a section 37 in the groove 29. This section 37 is again rejected.

The 15 finally shows how a third bale 45 was produced, through which the non-horizontally strapped bale 35 was transported further in the pressing direction in the bale channel 4. The third bale 45 in the sequence shown has in turn taken along the two strands 12 and 14 connected to one another in the twist 36. The channel baler is now in the condition of 1 . The bale can now be strapped completely horizontally.

The operator can now choose whether the next bale should be cross-tied, i.e. strapped both vertically and horizontally, or whether only vertical strapping should be carried out. Depending on the embodiment of the channel baling press, the control 22 can also make this decision itself, for example by comparing predetermined parameters of the bales 5, 35 and 45 produced depending on target values.

If the bale following the bale 45 is to be strapped horizontally, the pulling needle starts from 15 the right strand 14 and the left strand 12 between the two twist hooks 18 and 19 (as in 2 until 5 shown). Then the twist hooks 18 and 19 are controlled simultaneously, so that two twists are created, between which the strands 12 and 14 are then separated. Then one twist remains with the bale 45 and closes its horizontal bandaging, while the next twist is taken from the leading side of the bale that is still to be produced and becomes the starting point for the next horizontal strapping.

If the bale following the bale 45 is not to be strapped, then the procedural steps are as described above using the 2 until 15 carried out as described.

In the 16 is the connecting device 17 in a horizontal front view from the in 1 shown on the right side, i.e. from the side on which the bale channel 4 is located. The connecting device 17 includes a housing 46, which carries the two drives 20 and 21 on its top. There are three groups of drills on the visible front side hooks 18 and 19 arranged, which are rotatably mounted in the housing 46. A total of three pairs of twist hooks 18 and 19 arranged one above the other are provided, since the connecting unit 17 is intended for three parallel tracks of bandaging. The pulling needle 23 of each track can be seen between the drill hooks 18 and 19, with a view here of the frontal free end 30, which during operation, for example 3 takes hold of strand 14 and pulls it. Strand 14 runs as in 16 can be seen behind a roller 47 which is arranged in the head 30 of the drawing needle 23 to reduce friction. Between the three twisting hooks 18 upstream with respect to the pressing direction P and the three downstream twisting hooks 19 runs a separating device 48, which is also designed in triplicate, with an actuator 49, a movable knife bar 50 which carries three knives 51, and three stationary counter-knives 52. The twisting hooks 18 and 19 grasp and twist the strands 12 and 14 either synchronously, as is required for the horizontal strapping of successive bales. Alternatively, the drill hooks 18 and 19 can also be driven individually, since, in contrast to the prior art, two separate drives 20 and 21 are provided, each of which is assigned to a group of drill hooks 18 and 19, respectively. Become, as in 6 , only the downstream twist hooks 19 are driven by the drive 21, so only a trailing twist of the finished bale is made. The following bale then remains without strapping. Will as in 14 only the upstream twist hook 18 (or the group) is driven by the drive 20, twists are made for the leading side of a bale to be produced after the previous bale has not received any horizontal strapping.

The 17 shows the connection device 17 16 , whereby not all reference numbers are repeated. In this position, the actuator 49 of the separating device 48 has been activated and moves the knife bar 50 upwards, so that the knives 51 are moved against the stationary knives 52 and shear off the material strands 12 and 14 lying between the two knives. The 17 corresponds to the state of the connecting device 17 in 6 .

The embodiment described so far makes it possible to equip a channel baling press with several tracks of horizontal binding in such a way that the horizontal binding can be switched on and off selectively, in particular even changing from one bale to the next. The change from bales with horizontal tying to bales without horizontal tying and vice versa can be carried out automatically by the control at the operator's discretion. With appropriate sensors and programming, autonomous automatic switching can even take place without operator intervention.

Claims (15)

Channel baling press with an input area (1), a bale channel (4) adjoining the input area (1) and a press ram (3), which presses material from the input area (1) into the bale channel (4) in a pressing direction (P), as well as with a first bandaging device and with a second bandaging device for producing bales by strapping the pressed material with a bandaging material in several tracks, the bandaging devices each comprising a connecting device (17), in particular a twisting device, arranged on one side of the bale channel (4) and the first bandaging device has first cross-connectors, in particular a first, vertically oriented pulling device and the second bandaging device has second cross-connectors, in particular a second, horizontally oriented pulling device and guide means (15) for guiding the bandaging material, characterized in that the second bandaging device is automatic, depending on a control (22) operating holding means and separating means (26) for holding and separating the bandaging material. Channel baling press Claim 1 , characterized in that the automatic holding and separating means (26) are arranged laterally on the same side next to the bale channel (4). Channel baling press Claim 1 or Claim 2 , characterized in that the automatic holding and separating means (26) are arranged laterally on the side opposite the drilling device (17) next to the bale channel (4). Channel baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that guide means (15) adjacent to the automatic holding and separating means (26) can be moved parallel or at an acute angle to the pressing direction (P) or can be pivoted about a vertical axis in order to move the bandaging material into the The effective area of the holding and separating means (26) can be spent in or out of their effective area. Channel baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide means (15) can be moved essentially parallel to the pressing direction (P). Channel baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a separate holding means (26) is provided for each track. Channel baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding means (26) each have a separate, in particular concave, abutment and a matching wedge-shaped clamping member for each track. Channel baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding means (26) can be controlled and driven together, in particular driven hydraulically. Channel baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding means (26) are designed such that they deform the bandaging material, in particular steel wire, between the clamping member and the abutment and force it into a free space in the abutment. Channel baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a separate separating means (26) for shearing off the bandaging material is provided for each track of the second bandaging device. Channel baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating means (26) of the second banding device are controlled and driven together. Channel baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding means and the separating means (26) of the second bandaging device are driven together by a single actuator (25). Channel baler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the side of the channel baler opposite the holding means (26) a drilling device (17) is provided, in particular a drilling device with two driven drilling hooks (18, 19) for each track, namely an upstream drilling hook (18) and a downstream twist hook (19) for each track of the second, horizontal banding device. Channel baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drilling devices (17) can be driven separately, in particular all upstream drilling hooks (18) together and/or synchronously, and all downstream drilling hooks (19) also together and/or synchronously. Channel baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second separating device (48) is arranged between an upstream twisting hook (18) and a downstream twisting hook (19) of the second bandaging device.

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