DE102021203328A1 - detergent portion unit - Google Patents

Abstract

Detergent dosage unit comprising
a) a dimensionally stable gel body
b) an enveloping substance in the form of a compressed shaped body which is different from the dimensionally stable gel and partially covers the surface of the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein
i) the pressed shaped body has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and
ii) the pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal, which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density first increases and subsequently falls off again
Process for their production and washing and cleaning process using these detergent portion units.

Description

The present invention relates to a detergent portion unit, comprising a gel body and a rigid enveloping substance at least partially covering the gel body. The application also relates to a method for producing this detergent portion unit and a washing method for textiles or crockery using such a detergent portion unit.

Constantly changing requirements are placed on the packaging and supply forms of detergents and cleaning agents. For some time now, the main focus has been on the convenient dosing of detergents and cleaning agents by the consumer and the simplification of the work steps required to carry out a washing or cleaning process. A technical solution is provided by pre-portioned detergents or cleaning agents, for example water-soluble containers with one or more receiving chambers for powdered or liquid detergents or cleaning agents. Another technical solution is provided by detergent tablets, which can be single-phase or multi-phase.

To produce the water-soluble containers, water-soluble polymers are generally formed into receiving chambers, which are then filled with a detergent or cleaning agent and finally sealed. The receiving chambers can be made, for example, from water-soluble polymer films by deep-drawing processes. In an alternative process, a water-soluble polymer is injection molded into a receptacle.

The water-soluble packaging material used to package the filled detergent portion units is generally hygroscopic. During manufacture, packaging, storage and later use by the consumer, the tendency and ability of the packaging to absorb water can result in portion units adhering to the surfaces of machines or packaging materials and being unable to be optimally conveyed, or in adjacent portion units, for example in a common outer packaging, glue together. In order to avoid this tendency for the water-soluble portion units to adhere, it is possible to modify their surface properties by applying a powder agent. The powdering of the water-soluble detergent portion units in turn requires an additional process step.

Due to the portioning in a water-soluble packaging material, the fragrances added to the detergent or cleaning agent only come into their own to a very limited extent or not at all in the case of detergent portion units, in contrast to conventional solid detergent powders. As a reaction to this situation, detergent products are marketed whose outer cardboard packaging is provided, for example, with fragrance-containing adhesives and gives the consumer a scent impression of the detergent or cleaning agent contained.

The water-soluble packaging materials used are usually not washing or cleaning active, so they do not contribute to the effect of the product. The reduction in the proportion of packaging in the total weight of the detergent portion units would therefore not result in any loss of performance and would at the same time be welcomed for reasons of sustainability and economy.

Finally, the washing performance provided by the detergent portion unit is directly related to the dissolving properties of the portion unit. Precisely with regard to the increasing use of cold washing methods, it is preferable to keep the thickness of the water-soluble film material contained in the detergent portion unit as small as possible in order to accelerate the dissolution process. At the same time, however, the reduction in the thickness of the surrounding film material results in reduced mechanical stability of the portion units. Overcoming this apparent dichotomy of mechanical stability and dissolution rate using water-soluble film-packaged detergent dosage units is still a relevant aspect in the development of water-soluble detergent portion units.

Detergent tablets offer an alternative to the sachets described above, in which however adequate mechanical stability and high dissolution rate are incompatible in a similar way as in the case of sachets.

Against the background of the prior art described above, the application was based on the object of providing detergent portion units which can be produced using simplified methods, have high product and storage stability, in a simple manner using very small amounts can be assembled on packaging and appeal to the consumer with an appealing smell, look and/or feel. Finally, the detergent portion units should have a high product performance and be easy and safe to handle for the consumer.

1. a) einen formstabilen Gelkörper
2. b) eine Hüllsubstanz in Form eines von dem formstabilen Gel verschiedenen verpressten Formkörpers, welche die Oberfläche des formstabilen Gelkörper anteilsweise bedeckt, wobei
   • i) der verpresste Formkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist, welche durch eine Mantelfläche miteinander verbunden sind und
   • ii) der verpresste Formkörper mindestens eine Raumdiagonale aufweist, welche zwei, einander auf der Mantelfläche des verpressten Formkörpers gegenüberliegende Punkte miteinander verbindet, wobei sich die Dichte des verpressten Formkörpers entlang der Raumdiagonalen mindestens zwei Mal in der Weise verändert, dass die Dichte zunächst ansteigt und nachfolgend wieder abfällt.

A detergent portion unit is suitable for solving these tasks

1. a) a dimensionally stable gel body
2. b) an enveloping substance in the form of a compressed shaped body which is different from the dimensionally stable gel and partially covers the surface of the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein
   • i) the pressed shaped body has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and
   • ii) the pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal, which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density first increases and subsequently falls off again.

The term detergent portion unit describes a form of supply in which a measured portion of a detergent or cleaning agent is present. Detergent portion units therefore designate both forms of supply for textile laundry and forms of supply for cleaning hard surfaces such as ceramics, glass, metal or tiles. The detergent portion unit preferably weighs from 14 g to 42 g, preferably from 20 g to 38 g, in particular from 24 g to 34 g.

The detergent portion unit according to the invention comprises a dimensionally stable gel and a specific coating substance which at least partially covers this gel.

Gel bodies are bodies that exhibit elastic deformation behavior under the action of force. Objects are considered dimensionally stable if they have an inherent dimensional stability that enables them to assume a non-disintegrating three-dimensional shape under the usual conditions of manufacture, storage, transport and handling by the consumer, with this three-dimensional shape also changing over longer periods under the conditions mentioned Time, preferably 4 weeks, particularly preferably 8 weeks and in particular 32 weeks, not changed, i.e. under the usual conditions of production, storage, transport and handling by the consumer in the spatial-geometric shape caused by the production , that is, does not flow.

A "molding" is a single body that is self-stabilizing in its imposed shape. This dimensionally stable body is formed from a molding material (e.g. a composition) by bringing this molding material into a predetermined shape in a targeted manner, e.g. by pouring a liquid composition into a mold and then curing the liquid composition or by compressing a particulate premix, for example in as part of a tableting process.

The three-dimensional form of the gel body can in principle be freely selected; its side surfaces can, for example, be convex, concave or planar. At the same time, however, certain spatial configurations have proven to be particularly advantageous against the background of the producibility, storage and use of the gel bodies.

In the case of correspondingly advantageous detergent portion units, the gel body has a flat underside, the largest diagonal of which is greater than the height of the gel body. Not only can these bodies be produced in a simple manner, for example by means of a casting process, they can also be packaged in a simple and space-saving manner and are suitable for dosing via the dosing or dispensing compartments of electronic cleaning devices. It is preferred if the gel body has a flat underside, the largest diagonal of which is more than 1.5 times, preferably more than 2 times, the height of the gel body.

For the manufacturability, for example in relation to the demolding of the gel body from a casting mold, it has proven to be advantageous if the underside of the gel body has no corners. Preferred gel bodies are therefore characterized by oval undersides or alternatively by ellipsoidal or round, preferably round, undersides. Corresponding gel bodies with a non-angular underside are also preferred by many consumers because of their appearance. For example, those gel bodies are preferred which have an underside and an upper side which are connected to one another by a cylindrical lateral surface.

Advantages in terms of space utilization during production and packaging are realized through angular undersides. If the gel bodies are cast in the form of plates, for example, which are subsequently cut into gel bodies, angular undersides are advantageous since such gel bodies can be cut up without leaving residues and can be packed in a space-saving manner. In an alternative embodiment, preferred gel bodies therefore have angular undersides, in particular triangular, quadrangular or hexagonal undersides.

With regard to the production, packaging and use of the detergent portion units, it has also proven to be advantageous if the gel bodies have an upper side that is plane-parallel to the underside.

In a first preferred geometric embodiment, the gel body has a bottom and a top which have the same geometric shape, with the bottom and the top having the same surface area. As already described above, corresponding gel bodies can be produced in a simple manner, for example by casting plates and subsequently cutting the plates into individual gel bodies. In addition, these gel bodies can be spatially aligned in a simpler manner than gel bodies with a lower body symmetry in any subsequent process steps, during packaging or use by the user due to the geometric identity of the bottom and top. This applies in particular to gel bodies which at the same time have an upper side which is plane-parallel to the underside. Examples of such gel bodies are circular cylinders, elliptical cylinders, parallelepipeds, rhombohedrons, straight or oblique prisms, cuboids or cubes. The group of circular cylinders and elliptical cylinders includes the vertical circular cylinders and elliptical cylinders as well as the oblique circular cylinders and elliptical cylinders. Gel bodies in the form of vertical circular cylinders, vertical elliptical cylinders, right prisms, right parallelepipeds or cubes are preferred because of their simple production by separation from a plate.

In an alternative embodiment, the gel body has a bottom and a top which have the same geometric shape, with the bottom and the top having different surface areas. Corresponding gel bodies can be preferred due to their attractive appearance or their optimized fit, while at the same time being comparatively easy to produce. Examples of such gel bodies are circular cylinders or elliptical cylinders with a convex or concave bottom and a flat top. Other examples are truncated cones or truncated pyramids.

In summary, preferred objects of the application can be characterized as detergent portion units comprising a gel body with a bottom and a top, the area of the top being 80 to 100%, preferably 90 to 100% and in particular 98 to 100% of the bottom.

The detergent portion units according to the invention are particularly suitable for the formulation of surfactant-containing compositions, since these compositions tend to adhere and stick to a particular extent, for example, when exposed to moisture. In preferred embodiments, the gel body therefore contains 30 to 70% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight and in particular 45 to 55% by weight of surfactant.

For the manufacturability and the subsequent dissolving power of the gel bodies, it has proven to be advantageous if they contain 15 to 35% by weight, preferably 20 to 30% by weight, of an aqueous-organic solvent. Preferred gel bodies also contain dye.

Preferred detergent dosage units comprise a transparent gel body. Those gel bodies are referred to as “transparent” which have a transmission in the wavelength range from 410 to 800 nm at at least one wavelength, preferably at 600 nm, above 20%, preferably above 30% and in particular above 35%. The transmission is determined by means of VIS spectrometry at a sample temperature of 20° C. and a cuvette length of 10 mm.

For the production and subsequent storage and transport properties of the gel body, it has proven advantageous to use low-molecular gel formers with a molar mass of up to 2000 g/mol in the gel body, with their proportion by weight of the total weight of the gel body preferably being less than 5% by weight 0.1 to 5% by weight and particularly preferably 0.1 to 2.5% by weight.

In a preferred embodiment, the low molecular weight gelling agent has a solubility in water of less than 0.1 g/L (20° C.). The solubility of the organic gelator compound is determined at 20°C in double-distilled, demineralized water.

Furthermore, gel formers are preferably suitable which have a structure containing at least one hydrocarbon structural unit with 6 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably at least one carbocyclic, aromatic structural unit) and additionally an organic structural unit covalently bonded to the aforementioned hydrocarbon unit, the at least two groups selected from -OH, -NH-, or mixtures thereof.

worin

• *- für eine kovalente Einfachbindung zwischen einem Sauerstoffatom des Alditol-Grundgerüsts und dem vorgesehenen Rest steht,
• n für 0 oder 1, bevorzugt für 1, steht,
• m für 0 oder 1, bevorzugt für 1, steht,
• R¹, R² und R³ unabhängig voneinander steht für ein Wasserstoffatom, ein Halogenatom, eine C₁-C₄-Alkylgruppe, eine Cyanogruppe, eine Nitrogruppe, eine Aminogruppe, eine Carboxylgruppe, eine Hydroxygruppe, eine Gruppe -C(=O)-NH-NH₂, eine Gruppe -NH-C(=O)-(C₂-C₄-Alkyl), eine C₁-C₄-Alkoxygruppe, eine C₁-C₄-Alkoxy-C₂-C₄-alkylgruppe, zwei der Reste gemeinsam mit dem Restmolekül einen 5- oder 6-gliedrigen Ring bilden,
• R⁴, R⁵ und R⁶ unabhängig voneinander stehen für ein Wasserstoffatom, ein Halogenatom, eine C₁-C₄-Alkylgruppe, eine Cyanogruppe, eine Nitrogruppe, eine Aminogruppe, eine Carboxylgruppe, eine Hydroxygruppe, eine Gruppe -C(=O)-NH-NH₂, eine Gruppe -NH-C(=O)-(C₂-C₄-Alkyl), eine C₁-C₄-Alkoxygruppe, eine C₁-C₄-Alkoxy-C₂-C₄-alkylgruppe, zwei der Reste gemeinsam mit dem Restmolekül einen 5- oder 6-gliedrigen Ring bilden.

Particularly preferred gel bodies are characterized in that said gel bodies contain at least one benzylidene alditol compound of the formula (GB-I) as gel former

wherein

• *- stands for a single covalent bond between an oxygen atom of the alditol backbone and the intended residue,
• n is 0 or 1, preferably 1,
• m is 0 or 1, preferably 1,
• R ¹ , R ² and R ³ independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxy group, a group -C(=O) -NH-NH ₂ , a group -NH-C(=O)-(C ₂ -C ₄ alkyl), a C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy group, a C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy-C ₂ -C ₄ -alkyl group, two of the radicals together with the rest of the molecule form a 5- or 6-membered ring,
• R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxy group, a group -C(=O) -NH-NH ₂ , a group -NH-C(=O)-(C ₂ -C ₄ alkyl), a C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy group, a C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy-C ₂ -C ₄ -alkyl group, two of the radicals together with the rest of the molecule form a 5- or 6-membered ring.

Due to the stereochemistry of the alditols, it should be mentioned that both said benzylidene alditols in the L configuration or in the D configuration or a mixture of both are suitable according to the invention. Because of their natural availability, the benzylidene alditol compounds in the D configuration are preferably used according to the invention. It has been found to be preferable if the basic alditol structure of the benzylidene alditol compound according to formula (GB-I) contained in the shaped body is composed of D-glucitol, D-mannitol, D-arabinitol, D-ribitol, D-xylitol, L -glucitol, L-mannitol, L-arabinitol, L-ribitol or L-xylitol.

Those gel bodies which are characterized in that R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ according to the benzylidene alditol compound of the formula (GB-I) independently of one another are a hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, chlorine are particularly preferred , fluorine or methoxy, preferably a hydrogen atom.
n according to the benzylidene alditol compound of the formula (GB-I) is preferably 1.
m according to the benzylidene alditol compound of formula (GB-I) preferably represents 1.

worin R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵ und R⁶ wie in Formel (I) definiert sind. Am bevorzugtesten stehen gemäß Formel (GB-I1) R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵ und R⁶ unabhängig voneinander für ein Wasserstoffatom, Methyl, Ethyl, Chlor, Fluor oder Methoxy, bevorzugt für ein Wasserstoffatom.The gel body very particularly preferably contains at least one compound of the formula (GB-I1) as the benzylidene alditol compound of the formula (GB-I)

wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are as defined in formula (I). Most preferably, according to formula (GB-I1), R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ independently represent a hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, chlorine, fluorine or methoxy, preferably a hydrogen atom.

Most preferably the benzylidene alditol compound of formula (GB-I) is selected from 1,3:2,4-di-O-benzylidene-D-sorbitol; 1,3:2,4-di-O-(p-methylbenzylidene)-D-sorbitol; 1,3:2,4-di-O-(p-chlorobenzylidene)-D-sorbitol; 1,3:2,4-di-O-(2,4-dimethylbenzylidene)-D-sorbitol; 1,3:2,4-di-O-(p-ethylbenzylidene)-D-sorbitol; 1,3:2,4-Di-O-(3,4-dimethylbenzylidene)-D-sorbitol or mixtures thereof.

worin
R¹, R², R³ und R⁴ stehen unabhängig voneinander für ein Wasserstoffatom, eine Hydroxygruppe, eine (C₁-C₆)-Alkylgruppe, eine (C₂-C₆)-Alkenylgruppe, eine (C₂-C₆)-Acylgruppe, eine (C2-C6)-Acyloxygruppe, eine (Ci-C6)-Alkoxygruppe, eine Aminogruppe, eine (C2-C6)-Acylaminogruppe, eine (C₁-C₆)-Alkylaminocarbonylgruppe, eine Arylgruppe, eine Aroylgruppe, eine Aroyloxygruppe, eine Aryloxygruppe, eine Aryl-(C₁-C₄)-alkyloxygruppe, eine Aryl-(C₁-C₃)-alkylgruppe, eine Heteroarylgruppe, eine Hetroaryl-(C₁-C₃)-alkylgruppe, eine (C₁-C₄)-Hydroxyalkylgruppe, eine (C₁-C₄)-Aminoalkylgruppe, eine Carboxy-(C₁-C₃)-alkylgruppe, wobei mindestens zwei der Reste R¹ bis R⁴ gemeinsam mit dem Restmolekül einen 5 oder 6-gliedrigen Ring bilden können,
R⁵ steht für ein Wasserstoffatom, eine lineare (C₁ bis C₆)-Alkylgruppe, eine verzweigte (C₃ bis C₁₀)-Alkylgruppe, eine (C₃ bis C₆)-Cycloalkylgruppe, eine (C₂-C₆)-Alkenylgruppe, eine (C₂-C₆)-Alkinylgruppe, eine (C₁-C₄)-Hydroxyalkylgruppe, eine (C₁-C₄)-Alko)cy-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine (C₁-C₄)-Acyloxy-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine Aryloxy-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine O-(Aryl-(C₁-C₄)-alkyl)oxy-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine (C₁-C₄)-Alkylsulfanyl-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine Arylgruppe, eine Aryl-(C₁-C₃)-alkylgruppe, eine Heteroarylgruppe, eine Hetroaryl-(C₁-C₃)-alkylgruppe, eine (C₁-C₄)-Hydroxyalkylgruppe, eine (C₁-C₄)-Aminoalkylgruppe, eine N-(C₁-C₄)-Alkylamino-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N,N-(C₁-C₄)-Dialkylamino-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N-(C₂-C₈)-Acylamino-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N-(C₂-C₈)-Acyl-N-(C₁-C₄)-alkylamino-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N-(C₂-C₈)-Aroyl-N-(C₁-C₄)-alkylamino-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N,N-(C₂-C₈)-Diacylamino-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N-(Aryl-(C₁-C₄)-alkyl)amino-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N,N-Di(aryl-(C₁-C₄)-alkyl)amino-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine (C₁-C₄)-Carboxyalkylgruppe, eine (C₁-C₄)-Alkoxycarbonyl-(C₁-C₃)-alkylgruppe, eine (C₁-C₄)-Acyloxy-(C₁-C₃)-alkylgruppe, eine Guanidino-(C₁-C₃)-alkylgruppe, eine Aminocarbonyl-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N-(C₁-C₄)-Alkylaminocarbonyl-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N,N-Di((C₁-C₄)-Alkyl)aminocarbonyl-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N-(C₂-C₈)-Acylaminocarbonyl-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N,N-(C₂-C₈)-Diacylaminocarbonyl-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N-(C₂-C₈)-Acyl-N-(C₁-C₄)-alkylaminocarbonyl-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N-(Aryl-(C₁-C₄)-alkyl)aminocarbonyl-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe, eine N-(Aryl-(C₁-C₄)-alkyl)-N-(C₁-C₆)-alkylaminocarbonyl-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe oder eine N,N-Di(aryl-(C₁-C₄)-alkyl)aminocarbonyl-(C₁-C₄)-alkylgruppe.Preferred gel bodies contain at least one 2,5-diketopiperazine compound of the formula (GB-II) as gel former

wherein
R ¹ , R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, a (C ₁ -C ₆ ) alkyl group, a (C ₂ -C ₆ ) alkenyl group, a (C ₂ -C ₆ )-acyl group, a (C2-C6)-acyloxy group, a (Ci-C6)-alkoxy group, an amino group, a (C2-C6)-acylamino group, a (C ₁ -C ₆ )-alkylaminocarbonyl group, an aryl group, an aroyl group , an aroyloxy group, an aryloxy group, an aryl(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyloxy group, an aryl(C ₁ -C ₃ )alkyl group, a heteroaryl group, a hetroaryl(C ₁ -C ₃ )alkyl group, a (C ₁ -C ₄ )hydroxyalkyl group, a (C ₁ -C ₄ )aminoalkyl group, a carboxy-(C ₁ -C ₃ )alkyl group, where at least two of the radicals R ¹ to R ⁴ together with the rest of the molecule have a 5th or can form 6-membered ring,
R ⁵ represents a hydrogen atom, a linear (C ₁ to C ₆ ) alkyl group, a branched (C ₃ to C ₁₀ ) alkyl group, a (C ₃ to C ₆ ) cycloalkyl group, a (C ₂ -C ₆ ) -alkenyl group, a (C ₂ -C ₆ )alkynyl group, a (C ₁ -C ₄ )hydroxyalkyl group, a (C ₁ -C ₄ )alko)cy-(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, a ( C ₁ -C ₄ )acyloxy(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, an aryloxy(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, an O-(aryl(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl)oxy- (C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, a (C ₁ -C ₄ )alkylsulfanyl-(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, an aryl group, an aryl-(C ₁ -C ₃ )alkyl group, a heteroaryl group, a hetroaryl(C ₁ -C ₃ )alkyl group, a (C ₁ -C ₄ )hydroxyalkyl group, a (C ₁ -C ₄ )aminoalkyl group, an N-(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkylamino-(C C ₁ -C ₄ )-alkyl group, an N,N-(C ₁ -C ₄ )-dialkylamino-(C ₁ -C ₄ )-alkyl group, an N-(C ₂ -C ₈ )-acylamino-(C ₁ - C ₄ )alkyl group, an N-(C ₂ -C ₈ )acyl-N-(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkylamino-(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, an N-(C ₂ -C ₈ ) group )-aroyl-N-(C ₁ -C ₄ )-alkylamino-(C ₁ -C ₄ )-alkyl group, an N,N-(C ₂ -C ₈ )-diacylamino-(C ₁ -C ₄ )-alkyl group, an N-(aryl-(C ₁ -C ₄ )-alkyl)amino-(C C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, an N,N-di(aryl-(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl)amino-(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, a (C ₁ -C ₄ )carboxyalkyl group, a (C ₁ -C ₄ )alkoxycarbonyl-(C ₁ -C ₃ )alkyl group, a (C ₁ -C ₄ )acyloxy-(C ₁ -C ₃ )alkyl group, a guanidino-(C ₁ -C 3 )alkyl group ₃ )alkyl group, an aminocarbonyl(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, an N-(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkylaminocarbonyl(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, an N,N-di((C C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl)aminocarbonyl-(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, an N-(C ₂ -C ₈ )acylaminocarbonyl-(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, a N,N-(C ₂ -C ₈ )-diacylaminocarbonyl- (C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, an N-(C ₂ -C ₈ )acyl-N-(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkylaminocarbonyl-(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group, an N-(aryl -(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl)aminocarbonyl-(C _{1 -C 4 )alkyl group, a N-(aryl-(C 1 -C 4 )} alkyl)-N-(C ₁ -C ₆ )- alkylaminocarbonyl(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group or an N,N-di(aryl(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl)aminocarbonyl(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl group.

worin R¹ und R⁵ wie unter Formel (GB-II) (vide supra) definiert sind.It is preferred according to the invention if R ³ and R ⁴ according to formula (GB-II) stand for a hydrogen atom. According to the invention, it is particularly preferred if R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ according to formula (GB-II) stand for a hydrogen atom. Very particularly preferred shaped bodies according to the invention therefore contain at least one 2,5-diketopiperazine compound of the formula (GB-IIa)

wherein R ¹ and R ⁵ are as defined under formula (GB-II) (vide supra).

worin R¹ und R⁵ wie zuvor unter Formel (GB-II) (vide supra) definiert sind. Die an den Ringatomen in Formel (GB-Ilb) positionierten Ziffern 3 und 6 markieren zur Veranschaulichung lediglich die Positionen 3 und 6 des Diketopiperazinringes, wie sie generell im Rahmen der Erfindung für die Namensgebung aller erfindungsgemäßen 2,5-Diketopiperazine genutzt werden.It has turned out to be preferred if the radical R ¹ according to formula (GB-II) and according to formula (GB-IIa) binds in the para-position of the phenyl ring. For the purposes of the present invention, therefore, preference is given to moldings according to the invention which contain at least one 2,5-diketopiperazine compound of the formula (GB-IIb),

wherein R ¹ and R ⁵ are as previously defined under formula (GB-II) (vide supra). For illustrative purposes, the numbers 3 and 6 positioned on the ring atoms in formula (GB-IIb) mark only the positions 3 and 6 of the diketopiperazine ring, as are generally used within the scope of the invention for naming all 2,5-diketopiperazines according to the invention.

The 2,5-diketopiperazine compounds of formula (GB-II) have centers of chirality at least at the carbon atoms in positions 3 and 6 of the 2,5-diketopiperazine ring. The numbering of ring positions 3 and 6 was illustrated as an example in formula (GB-IIb). The 2,5-diketopiperazine compound of the formula (GB-II) of the compositions according to the invention is preferably the configuration isomer 3S,6S, 3R,6S, 3S based on the stereochemistry of the carbon atoms in the 3- and 6-positions of the 2,5-diketopiperazine ring ,6R, 3R,6R or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably 3S,6S.

Preferred gel bodies contain at least one 2,5-diketopiperazine compound of the formula (GB-II) as gelling agent, selected from 3-benzyl-6-carboxyethyl-2,5-diketopiperazine, 3-benzyl-6-carboxymethyl-2,5- diketopiperazine, 3-Benzyl-6-(p-hydroxybenzyl)-2,5-diketopiperazine, 3-Benzyl-6-iso-propyl-2,5-diketopiperazine, 3-Benzyl-6-(4-aminobutyl)-2, 5-diketopiperazine, 3,6-di(benzyl)-2,5-diketopiperazine, 3,6-di(p-hydroxybenzyl)-2,5-diketopiperazine, 3,6-di(p-(benzyloxy)benzyl)- 2,5-diketopiperazine, 3-benzyl-6-(4-imidazolyl)methyl-2,5-diketopiperazine, 3-benzyl-6-methyl-2,5-diketopiperazine, 3-benzyl-6-(2-(benzyloxycarbonyl). )ethyl)-2,5-diketopiperazine or mixtures thereof. Here again, compounds with the aforementioned configurational isomers are preferably suitable for selection.

worin
X⁺ unabhängig voneinander für Wasserstoffatom oder ein äquivalent eines Kations steht,
R¹, R², R³ und R⁴ unabhängig voneinander für ein Wasserstoffatom, ein Halogenatom, eine C₁-C₄-Alkylgruppe, eine C₁-C₄-Alkoxygruppe, eine C₂-C₄-Hydroxyalkylgruppe, eine Hydroxylgruppe, eine Aminogruppe, eine N-(C₁-C₄-Alkyl)aminogruppe, eine N,N-Di(C₁-C₄-Alkyl)aminogruppe, eine N-(C₂-C₄-hydroxyalkyl)aminogruppe, eine N,N-Di(C₂-C₄-hydroxyalkyl)aminogruppe oder R¹ mit R² oder R³ mit R⁴ einen 5- oder 6-gliedrigen annelierten Ring bildet, der wiederum jeweils mit mindestens einer Gruppe aus C₁-C₄-Alkylgruppe, C₁-C₄-Alkoxygruppe, C₂-C₄-Hydroxyalkylgruppe, Hydroxylgruppe, Aminogruppe, N-(C₁-C₄-Alkyl)aminogruppe, N,N-Di(C₁-C₄-Alkyl)aminogruppe, N-(C₂-C₄-hydroxyalkyl)aminogruppe, N,N-Di(C₂-C₄-hydroxyalkyl)aminogruppe substituiert sein kann.It is also possible for the gel bodies according to the invention to contain at least one diarylamidocystine compound of the formula (GB-III) as gel former a).

wherein
X ⁺ independently represents a hydrogen atom or an equivalent of a cation,
R ¹ , R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl group, a C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy group, a C ₂ -C ₄ hydroxyalkyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an N-(C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl)amino group, an N,N-di(C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl)amino group, an N-(C ₂ -C ₄ hydroxyalkyl)amino group, an N ,N-Di(C ₂ -C ₄ -hydroxyalkyl)amino group or R ¹ with R ² or R ³ with R ⁴ forms a 5- or 6-membered fused ring, which in turn each has at least one group from C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl group, C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy group, C ₂ -C ₄ hydroxyalkyl group, hydroxyl group, amino group, N-(C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl)amino group, N,N-di(C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl) amino group, N-(C ₂ -C ₄ -hydroxyalkyl)amino group, N,N-di(C ₂ -C ₄ -hydroxyalkyl)amino group may be substituted.

Each of the stereocenters contained in the compound of formula (GB-III) may independently represent the L or D stereoisomer. It is preferred according to the invention if said cystine compound of the formula (GB-III) is derived from the L-stereoisomer of cysteine.

Said gel bodies can contain at least one compound of the formula (GB-III), in which R ¹ , R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl group, a C ₁ - C ₄ alkoxy group, a C ₂ -C ₄ hydroxyalkyl group, a hydroxyl group, or R ¹ with R ² or R ³ with R ⁴ forms a 5- or 6-membered fused ring, which in turn is linked to at least one group from C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl group, C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy group, C ₂ -C ₄ hydroxyalkyl group, hydroxyl group may be substituted. In particular, those moldings are particularly suitable which, as a diarylamidocystine compound of the formula (GB-III), N,N'-dibenzoylcystine (R ¹ = R ² = R ³ = R ⁴ = hydrogen atom; X ⁺ = independently for a hydrogen atom or a equivalent of a cation), in particular N,N'-dibenzoyl-L-cystine.

wobei
n 2 bis 4, vorzugsweise 3 oder 4, insbesondere 4, ist;
R¹ ausgewählt wird aus Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₆ Alkylresten, C₁-C₃ Hydroxy- oder Methoxyalkylresten, vorzugsweise C₁-C₃ Alkyl-, Hydroxyalkyl- oder Methoxyalkylresten, besonders bevorzugt Methyl;
R² ausgewählt wird aus C8-C24-Alkylresten, C8-C24-Monoalkenylresten, C₈-C₂₄-Dialkenylresten, C₈-C₂₄-Trialkenylresten, C₈-C₂₄-Hydroxyalkylresten, C₈-C₂₄-Hydroxyalkenylresten, C₁-C₃ Hydroxyalkylresten oder Methoxy-C₁-C₃-alkylresten, vorzugsweise C₈-C₁₈ Alkylresten und Mischungen davon, noch bevorzugter C₈, C₁₀, C₁₂, C₁₄, C₁₆ und C₁₈-Alkylresten und Mischungen davon, am meisten bevorzugt C₁₂ und C₁₄ Alkylresten oder einer Mischung davon.The N-(C ₈ -C ₂₄ )-hydrocarbylglyconamide compounds suitable as gel formers a) preferably have the formula (GB-IV).

whereby
n is 2 to 4, preferably 3 or 4, especially 4;
R ¹ is selected from hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₆ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₃ hydroxy or methoxyalkyl, preferably C ₁ -C ₃ alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or methoxyalkyl, most preferably methyl;
R ² is selected from C8-C24 alkyl, C8-C24 monoalkenyl, C ₈ -C ₂₄ dialkenyl, C ₈ -C ₂₄ trialkenyl, C ₈ -C ₂₄ hydroxyalkyl, C ₈ -C ₂₄ hydroxyalkenyl, C C ₁ -C ₃ hydroxyalkyl radicals or methoxy-C ₁ -C ₃ alkyl radicals, preferably C ₈ -C ₁₈ alkyl radicals and mixtures thereof, more preferably C ₈ , C ₁₀ , C ₁₂ , C ₁₄ , C ₁₆ and C ₁₈ alkyl radicals and mixtures thereof, most preferably C ₁₂ and C ₁₄ alkyl radicals or a mixture thereof.

ein von einer Glycuronsäure, insbesondere der Glycuronsäure einer Hexose (n=4), abgeleiteter Rest. Hierbei ist insbesondere Glucuronsäure als bevorzugter Rest zu nennen. R¹ ist vorzugsweise H oder ein kurzkettiger Alkylrest, insbesondere Methyl. R² ist vorzugsweise ein langkettiger Alkylrest, beispielsweise eine C₈-C₁₈ Alkylrest.In particularly preferred embodiments, the remainder is

a residue derived from a glycuronic acid, in particular the glycuronic acid of a hexose (n=4). Glucuronic acid in particular should be mentioned as a preferred residue. R ¹ is preferably H or a short-chain alkyl radical, especially methyl. R ² is preferably a long chain alkyl group, for example a C ₈ -C ₁₈ alkyl group.

wobei R² die für Formel (GB-IV) angegebenen Bedeutungen hat.Very particular preference is therefore given to compounds of the formula (GB-IV1)

where R ² has the meanings given for formula (GB-IV).

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the at least one low molecular weight gel former is selected from the group consisting of the cyclic dipeptides, the cyclic dipeptide derivatives and dibenzylidene sorbitol. Due to its technical effect, the at least one gelling agent is particularly preferred, dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS).

In addition to the gel body, the detergent portion unit comprises a water-soluble coating substance as a further essential component, which partially covers the gel body.

For reasons of simplified production, reduced packaging and improved aesthetics, detergent portion units are preferred in which the gel body forms at least 16%, preferably at least 25% and in particular at least 30% of the total surface area of the detergent portion unit. For the same reasons, it is preferred if the coating substance covers 10 to 70%, preferably 30 to 65% and in particular 40 to 60% of the surface of the gel body.

It is also preferred if the water-soluble coating substance covers the surface of the gel body on two opposite sides of the gel body, since this makes it easier for the consumer to handle the detergent portion unit. In addition, this type of surface covering has advantages with regard to the packaging of the detergent portion units, in particular when packaging several detergent portion units together, for example when the detergent portion units are stacked in an outer packaging.

For the aforementioned reasons, particular preference is given to detergent portion units in which the gel body has an underside and an upper side and the water-soluble coating substance at least partially covers both the underside and the upper side of the gel body. Both the underside and the upper side of the gel body are preferably covered to an extent of at least 40%, preferably at least 60% and in particular at least 80%.

In a special embodiment, the gel body has an underside and an upper side, and the water-soluble coating substance covers both the underside and the upper side of the gel body over the entire surface.

The gel body and the enveloping substance are preferably adhesively bonded to one another.

The enveloping substance can be made up in different ways. The use of castings has proven to be technically easy to implement. The production of the enveloping substance by casting has the advantage that a wide variety of geometries can be produced. The cast bodies are particularly preferably solidified melts.

Because they are easy to produce on an industrial scale, compacts, in particular tablets, are particularly preferred as the coating substance.

Irrespective of the method used to produce it, the shell substance preferably has a breaking strength of 50N to 300N, in particular 70N to 200N. On the one hand, this breaking strength ensures sufficient stability of the coating substance during production, transport and handling by the consumer and, on the other hand, ensures that the coating substance dissolves satisfactorily in an aqueous liquor. The hardness of the enveloping substance is measured by deformation to failure, the force acting on the lateral surfaces of the enveloping substance and determining the maximum force that it can withstand. A tablet testing device from Sotax, for example, is suitable for determining the hardness of the coating substance.

In a preferred embodiment of the detergent portion units, their coating substance also contributes to the active washing and cleaning effect. Corresponding detergent portion units comprise an enveloping substance which, based on its total weight, contains more than 40% by weight, preferably more than 60% by weight, particularly preferably more than 80% by weight, of washing- or cleaning-active ingredient.

A first group integrated into the enveloping substance are the washing or cleaning active ingredients. Their incorporation into the enveloping substance ensures a perceptible fragrance experience for the consumer, which cannot be guaranteed in the same way when the fragrances are incorporated into the gel body.

Another group of washing or cleaning ingredients preferably incorporated into the enveloping substance is formed by the builders, in particular the zeolites, silicates and carbonates, particularly preferably the zeolites or carbonates. The proportion by weight of these active substances in the total weight of the coating substance is preferably 5 to 60% by weight, in particular 10 to 50% by weight. Coating substances which, based on their total weight, contain 5 to 60% by weight, in particular 10 to 50% by weight, of zeolite are particularly preferred. These active substances not only contribute to the intended washing and cleaning effect, but also improve the contour sharpness and durability of the printed image if the surface of the enveloping substance is printed. In an alternative embodiment, coating substances are preferred which, based on their total weight, contain 5 to 60% by weight, in particular 10 to 50% by weight, of carbonate. These active substances not only increase the intended washing and cleaning effect, but also improve the compressibility of the coating substance.

The use of active substances from the group of polymeric washing or cleaning ingredients, preferably from the group of celluloses and cellulose derivatives, preferably from the group of celluloses, microcrystalline celluloses and carboxymethyl celluloses, is also advantageous for the sharpness of the contours and durability of the printed image. The proportion by weight of these cellulose-based active substances in the total weight of the shell substance is preferably 2 to 50% by weight.

To improve the printed image, preferred shell substances contain less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight and in particular less than 1% by weight, of an organic acid, based on their total weight. Active substances are referred to as organic acids which are contained in the enveloping substance in acid form, i.e. not in the form of their salt.
In a preferred embodiment, the enveloping substance is opaque. Those enveloping substances are referred to as “non-transparent” which have a transmission below 10%, preferably below 5% and in particular below 1% in the wavelength range from 410 to 800 nm at at least one wavelength, preferably at 600 nm. The transmission is determined by means of VIS spectrometry at a sample temperature of 20° C. and a cuvette length of 10 mm.

The use of non-transparent enveloping substances creates a product appearance, especially when used in combination with transparent gel bodies, which enables the consumer to distinguish between the surfaces covered by the enveloping substance and those not covered by the enveloping substance and the detergent portion unit, for example when removing it from a container , which comprises a plurality of detergent portion units, specifically to grip the surfaces covered by the enveloping substance and in this way to avoid direct contact with the gel body.

For the aforementioned reasons, the gel body and the enveloping substance preferably have a color difference ΔE above 20, preferably above 40.

Because of their optical properties and their simpler production, preferred coating substances are white, ie not colored. The white color of the enveloping substance is particularly suitable for printing.

As an alternative to a preferably non-transparent white configuration of the enveloping substance, it can also be colored. The colored design of the enveloping substance enables, for example, the optical communication of specific product properties, for example with regard to its effect or smell. In order to ensure that the gel body and the enveloping substance can be distinguished visually, the colored enveloping substance preferably does not have the same color as the gel body. Colored enveloping substances can of course also be printed.

Characteristic of the pressed shaped body is the at least one spatial diagonal, which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of a pressed shaped body, with the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density initially increases and subsequently drops again. The space diagonal runs within the molding volume.

According to the present application, the density of the pressed shaped body increases along the spatial diagonal if the density along the spatial diagonal increases by at least 5%, preferably by at least 10%. Conversely, the density of the pressed molding falls along the spatial diagonal if the density along the spatial diagonal decreases by at least 5%, preferably by at least 10%. The determination of the density along the space diagonals can be carried out, for example, by means of computed tomography methods.

For the stability of the detergent portion units, multiple changes in density within the pressed shaped body have proven to be advantageous. Preferred detergent portion units therefore have at least one spatial diagonal which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least three times, preferably at least four times along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density initially increases and then decreases again.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the pressed shaped body has at least two mutually orthogonal spatial diagonals which differ from one another and which in each case connect two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body with one another, the density of the pressed shaped body along the spatial diagonals increasing at least twice, preferably three times Changed times, particularly preferably at least four times, in such a way that the density first increases and then decreases again.

The density gradients within the pressed shaped body are realized, for example, by embossing indentations in the underside or the upper side of the pressed shaped body. These embossments are preferably from 10 to 55% of the face provided with the indentations.

1. a) einen formstabilen Gelkörper, umfassend eine Unterseite, eine Oberseite und eine die Unterseite und die Oberseite verbindende Mantelfläche,
2. b) eine Hüllsubstanz in Form von zwei verpressten Formkörpern, welche die Unterseite und die Oberseite des formstabilen Gelkörper bedecken, wobei
   • i) mindestens einer der verpressten Formkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist, welche durch eine Mantelfläche miteinander verbunden sind und
   • ii) dieser verpresste Formkörper mindestens eine Raumdiagonale aufweist, welche zwei, einander auf der Mantelfläche des verpressten Formkörpers gegenüberliegende Punkte miteinander verbindet, wobei sich die Dichte des verpressten Formkörpers entlang der Raumdiagonalen mindestens zwei Mal in der Weise verändert, dass die Dichte zunächst ansteigt und nachfolgend wieder abfällt und
   • iii) dieser verpresste Körper weiterhin an seiner Unterseite haftend mit dem formstabilen Gelkörper verbunden ist wobei
   • iv) die Oberseite dieses verpressten Körpers eine Einprägung aufweist, welche 10 bis 55 Prozent seiner Oberseite bedeckt.

In summary, preferred detergent dosage units include

1. a) a dimensionally stable gel body, comprising a bottom, a top and a lateral surface connecting the bottom and the top,
2. b) an enveloping substance in the form of two pressed moldings which cover the bottom and the top of the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein
   • i) at least one of the pressed moldings has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and
   • ii) this pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body with one another, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density first increases and subsequently falls off again and
   • iii) this pressed body is still adhesively connected to the dimensionally stable gel body on its underside
   • iv) the top of this pressed body has an indentation covering 10 to 55 percent of its top.

1. a) einen formstabilen Gelkörper, umfassend eine Unterseite, eine Oberseite und eine die Unterseite und die Oberseite verbindende Mantelfläche,
2. b) eine Hüllsubstanz in Form von zwei verpressten Formkörpern, welche die Unterseite und die Oberseite des formstabilen Gelkörper bedecken, wobei
   • i) mindestens einer der verpressten Formkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist, welche durch eine Mantelfläche miteinander verbunden sind und
   • ii) dieser verpresste Formkörper mindestens eine Raumdiagonale aufweist, welche zwei, einander auf der Mantelfläche des verpressten Formkörpers gegenüberliegende Punkte miteinander verbindet, wobei sich die Dichte des verpressten Formkörpers entlang der Raumdiagonalen mindestens zwei Mal in der Weise verändert, dass die Dichte zunächst ansteigt und nachfolgend wieder abfällt und
   • iii) dieser verpresste Körper weiterhin an seiner Unterseite haftend mit dem formstabilen Gelkörper verbunden ist, wobei
   • iv) die Oberseite dieses verpressten Körpers eine Einprägung aufweist, welche sich über mindestens 60%, vorzugsweise mindestens 80% und insbesondere mindestens 90% der Länge der Oberseite und mindestens 40%, vorzugsweise mindestens 60% und insbesondere mindestens 80% der Breite der Oberseite erstreckt

umfassen.It has also proven to be technically advantageous if the embossings described above cover the respective side of the pressed shaped body as far as possible, which is why detergent portion units are preferred

1. a) a dimensionally stable gel body, comprising a bottom, a top and a lateral surface connecting the bottom and the top,
2. b) an enveloping substance in the form of two pressed moldings which cover the bottom and the top of the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein
   • i) at least one of the pressed moldings has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and
   • ii) this pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body with one another, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density first increases and subsequently falls off again and
   • iii) this pressed body is still adhesively connected on its underside to the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein
   • iv) the upper side of this pressed body has an impression which extends over at least 60%, preferably at least 80% and in particular at least 90% of the length of the upper side and at least 40%, preferably at least 60% and in particular at least 80% of the width of the upper side

include.

The embossing preferably has a different color than the surrounding remaining area of the upper side. A corresponding detergent portion unit can be obtained by coloring the surface of the embossing or the surrounding remaining area of the upper side. For example, the color application by printer or rollers is suitable for coloring.

1. a) einen formstabilen Gelkörper, umfassend eine Unterseite, eine Oberseite und eine die Unterseite und die Oberseite verbindende Mantelfläche,
2. b) eine Hüllsubstanz in Form von zwei verpressten Formkörpern, welche die Unterseite und die Oberseite des formstabilen Gelkörper bedecken, wobei
   • i) mindestens einer der verpressten Formkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist, welche durch eine Mantelfläche miteinander verbunden sind und
   • ii) dieser verpresste Formkörper mindestens eine Raumdiagonale aufweist, welche zwei, einander auf der Mantelfläche des verpressten Formkörpers gegenüberliegende Punkte miteinander verbindet, wobei sich die Dichte des verpressten Formkörpers entlang der Raumdiagonalen mindestens zwei Mal in der Weise verändert, dass die Dichte zunächst ansteigt und nachfolgend wieder abfällt und
   • iii) dieser verpresste Körper weiterhin an seiner Unterseite haftend mit dem formstabilen Gelkörper verbunden ist, und weiterhin
   • iv) die Oberseite dieses verpressten Körpers eine Einprägung aufweist, deren Tiefe zwischen 1% und 40%, vorzugsweise zwischen 3% und 30% und insbesondere zwischen 6% und 20% der Höhe des verpressten Körpers beträgt.

It has proven to be advantageous for the perceptibility and reinforcing effect of the embossing if a detergent portion unit comprising

1. a) a dimensionally stable gel body, comprising a bottom, a top and a lateral surface connecting the bottom and the top,
2. b) an enveloping substance in the form of two pressed moldings which cover the bottom and the top of the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein
   • i) at least one of the pressed moldings has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and
   • ii) this pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body with one another, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density first increases and subsequently falls off again and
   • iii) this pressed body is still adhesively connected to the dimensionally stable gel body on its underside, and further
   • iv) the upper side of this pressed body has an indentation, the depth of which is between 1% and 40%, preferably between 3% and 30% and in particular between 6% and 20% of the height of the pressed body.

In order to improve the integrity of the detergent portion unit, it can have a foil packaging, it being particularly preferred if each of the detergent portion units has a separate foil packaging.

If film packaging is used, film packaging made from a water-soluble film material is preferred. The water-soluble film material may comprise one or more structurally distinct water-soluble polymer(s). Particularly suitable as water-soluble polymer(s) are polymers from the group of (possibly acetalized) polyvinyl alcohols (PVAL) and their copolymers.

Water-soluble film materials are preferably based on a polyvinyl alcohol or a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer whose molecular weight is preferably in the range from 10,000 to 1,000,000 gmol ^-1 from 20,000 to 500,000 gmol ^-1 , particularly preferably from 30,000 to 100,000 gmol ^-1 and in particular from 40,000 to 80,000 gmol ^-1 .

The preparation of the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl alcohol copolymers typically involves the hydrolysis of intermediate polyvinyl acetate. Preferred polyvinyl alcohols and polyvinyl alcohol copolymers have a degree of hydrolysis of 70 to 100 mol %, preferably 80 to 90 mol %, particularly preferably 81 to 89 mol % and in particular 82 to 88 mol %.

In addition to vinyl alcohol, preferred polyvinyl alcohol copolymers include an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, its salt or its ester. Such polyvinyl alcohol copolymers particularly preferably contain, in addition to vinyl alcohol, sulfonic acids such as 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic esters, methacrylic esters or mixtures thereof; among the esters, C _1-4 -alkyl esters or - hydroxyalkyl esters are preferred. Other suitable monomers are ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, for example itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and mixtures thereof.

Because of their availability, ease of processing and biodegradability, preference is given to film packaging which consists of at least 40% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight and in particular at least 80% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol.

In order to increase the stability of the detergent portion units and to ensure that the outer packaging is sufficiently full, it is preferable to shrink the film packaging onto the detergent portion units.

For reasons of sustainable design of the detergent portion units, it may be advisable to dispense with film packaging. Particularly preferred detergent portion units therefore have no outer packaging made from a water-soluble or water-insoluble film material.

The problem-free removal of the detergent portion units from the outer packaging can also be promoted by the orientation of the detergent portion units in the outer packaging. In this context, it has proven to be advantageous if the detergent portion unit is arranged together with at least one other detergent portion unit in a common outer packaging in such a way that the enveloping substance of at least one detergent portion unit is in direct contact with the gel body or with the enveloping substance, preferably with the enveloping substance of another detergent portion unit.

To produce the detergent portion units according to the invention, a gel and a water-soluble coating substance are combined with one another to form a detergent metering unit.

• i) Bereitstellen eines Hüllmaterials;
• ii) Bereitstellen eines Gelkörpers;
• iii) Aufbringen eines Hüllmaterials auf die Oberfläche des Gelkörpers.

A preferred variant of the method comprises the steps:

• i) providing a covering material;
• ii) providing a gel body;
• iii) applying a coating material to the surface of the gel body.

In order to provide the casing material in step i) of the process, it is preferred to compress a particulate premix with a compression pressure of 5 to 30 kN. In contrast, the gel body is preferably provided in step ii) by solidification of a flowable composition. It is particularly preferred to apply a flowable composition to a shell material in step ii), the gel body being formed by subsequent solidification of the flowable composition and being adhesively bonded to the water-soluble shell material.

After the application of a water-soluble coating material, the gel body can be divided into detergent portion units.
A last subject of the application is a method for textile care or textile cleaning, in which a previously described detergent portion unit is introduced into the dosing chamber or the washing drum of a textile washing machine or into the dosing chamber or the interior of a dishwasher.

1. 1. Waschmittelportionseinheit, umfassend
   1. a) einen formstabilen Gelkörper
   2. b) eine Hüllsubstanz in Form eines von dem formstabilen Gel verschiedenen verpressten Formkörpers, welche die Oberfläche des formstabilen Gelkörper anteilsweise bedeckt, wobei
      • i) der verpresste Formkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist, welche durch eine Mantelfläche miteinander verbunden sind und
      • ii) der verpresste Formkörper mindestens eine Raumdiagonale aufweist, welche zwei, einander auf der Mantelfläche des verpressten Formkörpers gegenüberliegende Punkte miteinander verbindet, wobei sich die Dichte des verpressten Formkörpers entlang der Raumdiagonalen mindestens zwei Mal in der Weise verändert, dass die Dichte zunächst ansteigt und nachfolgend wieder abfällt.
2. 2. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach Punkt 1, wobei die Portionseinheit ein Gewicht von 14 g bis 42 g, vorzugsweise von 20 g bis 38 g, insbesondere von 24 g bis 34 g aufweist.
3. 3. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine flache Unterseite aufweist, deren größte Diagonale größer ist als die Höhe des Gelkörpers.
4. 4. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei deren größter Diagonale als das 1,5-fache, vorzugsweise mehr als das 2-fache der Höhe des Gelkörpers beträgt.
5. 5. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine ovale Unterseite aufweist.
6. 6. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine ellipsoide oder runde, vorzugsweise eine runde Unterseite aufweist.
7. 7. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine eckige, Unterseite aufweist.
8. 8. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine dreieckige, viereckige oder sechseckige Unterseite aufweist.
9. 9. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine zur Unterseite planparallele Oberseite aufweist.
10. 10. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist, welche die gleiche geometrische Form aufweisen und wobei die Unterseite und die Oberseite die gleiche Flächengröße aufweisen.
11. 11. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist, welche die gleiche geometrische Form aufweisen und wobei die Unterseite und die Oberseite unterschiedliche Flächengrößen aufweisen.
12. 12. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist, welche durch eine zylindrische Mantelfläche miteinander verbunden sind.
13. 13. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist und die Fläche der Oberseite 80 bis 100%, vorzugsweise 90 bis 100% und insbesondere 98 bis 100% der Unterseite beträgt.
14. 14. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper, bezogen auf sein Gesamtgewicht, 30 bis 70 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 40 bis 60 Gew.-% und insbesondere 45 bis 55 Gew.-% Tensid enthält.
15. 15. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper, bezogen auf sein Gesamtgewicht, 15 bis 35 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 20 bis 30 Gew.-% eines wässrigorganischen Lösungsmittels enthält.
16. 16. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper niedermolekularen Gelbildner mit einer molaren Masse bis 2000 g/mol enthält, wobei dessen Gewichtsanteil am Gesamtgewicht des Gelkörpers weniger als 5 Gew.-% vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,1 bis 2 Gew.-% beträgt.
17. 17. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach Punkt 16, wobei der niedermolekulare Gelbildner ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe der cyclischen Dipeptide, der cyclischen Dipeptidderivate und Dibenzylidensorbitol.
18. 18. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach Punkt 16, wobei als niedermolekularer Gelbildner Dibenzylidensorbitol eingesetzt wird.
19. 19. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Hüllsubstanz als Tablette vorliegt.
20. 20. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Hüllsubstanz eine Bruchfestigkeit von 50 N bis 300 N, vorzugsweise von 70 N bis 200 N aufweist.
21. 21. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Hüllsubstanz bezogen auf ihr Gesamtgewicht, mehr als 40 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise mehr als 60 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt mehr als 80 Gew.-% wasch- oder reinigungsaktiven Inhaltsstoff enthält.
22. 22. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Hüllsubstanz einen wasch- oder reinigungsaktiven Inhaltsstoff aus der Gruppe der Duftstoffe enthält.
23. 23. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Hüllsubstanz einen polymeren wasch- oder reinigungsaktiven Inhaltsstoff, vorzugsweise einen polymeren wasch- oder reinigungsaktiven Inhaltsstoff aus der Gruppe der Cellulosen und Cellulosederivate enthält.
24. 24. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper und die Hüllsubstanz haftend miteinander verbunden sind.
25. 25. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper wenigstens 16%, vorzugsweise wenigstens 25% und insbesondere wenigstens 30% der Gesamtoberfläche der Waschmittelportionseinheit ausbildet.
26. 26. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Hüllsubstanz 10 bis 70%, vorzugsweise 30 bis 65% und insbesondere 40 bis 60% der Oberfläche des Gelkörpers bedeckt.
27. 27. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper einen Farbstoff enthält.
28. 28. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper transparent ist.
29. 29. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Hüllsubstanz intransparent ist.
30. 30. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Hüllsubstanz weiß ist.
31. 31. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Hüllsubstanz farbig ist.
32. 32. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper und die Hüllsubstanz eine Farbdifferenz ΔE oberhalb 20, vorzugsweise oberhalb 40 aufweisen.
33. 33. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Hüllsubstanz bedruckt ist.
34. 34. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die wasserlösliche Hüllsubstanz die Oberfläche des Gelkörpers auf zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Gelkörpers bedeckt.
35. 35. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist und die wasserlösliche Hüllsubstanz sowohl die Unterseite als auch die Oberseite des Gelkörpers wenigstens anteilsweise bedeckt.
36. 36. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist und die wasserlösliche Hüllsubstanz sowohl die Unterseite als auch die Oberseite des Gelkörpers zu wenigstens 40 %, vorzugsweise zu wenigstens 60% und insbesondere zu wenigstens 80% bedeckt.
37. 37. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gelkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist und die wasserlösliche Hüllsubstanz sowohl die Unterseite als auch die Oberseite des Gelkörpers vollflächig bedeckt.
38. 38. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der verpresste Formkörper mindestens eine Raumdiagonale aufweist, welche zwei auf der Mantelfläche des verpressten Formkörpers einander gegenüberliegende Punkte miteinander verbindet, wobei sich die Dichte des verpressten Formkörpers entlang der Raumdiagonalen mindestens drei Mal, vorzugsweise mindestens vier Mal in der Weise verändert, dass die Dichte zunächst ansteigt und nachfolgend wieder abfällt.
39. 39. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der verpresste Formkörper mindestens zwei voneinander verschiedene, zueinander orthogonale Raumdiagonalen aufweist, welche jeweils zwei auf der Mantelfläche des verpressten Formkörpers einander gegenüberliegende Punkte miteinander verbinden, wobei sich die Dichte des verpressten Formkörpers entlang der Raumdiagonalen mindestens zwei Mal, vorzugsweise drei Mal, besonders bevorzugt mindestens vier Mal in der Weise verändert, dass die Dichte zunächst ansteigt und nachfolgend wieder abfällt.
40. 40. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, umfassend
    • a) einen formstabilen Gelkörper, umfassend eine Unterseite, eine Oberseite und eine die Unterseite und die Oberseite verbindende Mantelfläche,
    • b) eine Hüllsubstanz in Form von zwei verpressten Formkörpern, welche die Unterseite und die Oberseite des formstabilen Gelkörper bedecken, wobei
      • i) mindestens einer der verpressten Formkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist, welche durch eine Mantelfläche miteinander verbunden sind und
      • ii) dieser verpresste Formkörper mindestens eine Raumdiagonale aufweist, welche zwei, einander auf der Mantelfläche des verpressten Formkörpers gegenüberliegende Punkte miteinander verbindet, wobei sich die Dichte des verpressten Formkörpers entlang der Raumdiagonalen mindestens zwei Mal in der Weise verändert, dass die Dichte zunächst ansteigt und nachfolgend wieder abfällt und
      • iii) dieser verpresste Körper weiterhin an seiner Unterseite haftend mit dem formstabilen Gelkörper verbunden ist wobei
      • iv) die Oberseite dieses verpressten Körpers eine Einprägung aufweist, welche 10 bis 55 Prozent seiner Oberseite bedeckt.
41. 41. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, umfassend
    • a) einen formstabilen Gelkörper, umfassend eine Unterseite, eine Oberseite und eine die Unterseite und die Oberseite verbindende Mantelfläche,
    • b) eine Hüllsubstanz in Form von zwei verpressten Formkörpern, welche die Unterseite und die Oberseite des formstabilen Gelkörper bedecken, wobei
      • i) mindestens einer der verpressten Formkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist, welche durch eine Mantelfläche miteinander verbunden sind und
      • ii) dieser verpresste Formkörper mindestens eine Raumdiagonale aufweist, welche zwei, einander auf der Mantelfläche des verpressten Formkörpers gegenüberliegende Punkte miteinander verbindet, wobei sich die Dichte des verpressten Formkörpers entlang der Raumdiagonalen mindestens zwei Mal in der Weise verändert, dass die Dichte zunächst ansteigt und nachfolgend wieder abfällt und
      • iii) dieser verpresste Körper weiterhin an seiner Unterseite haftend mit dem formstabilen Gelkörper verbunden ist, wobei
      • iv) die Oberseite dieses verpressten Körpers eine Einprägung aufweist, welche sich über mindestens 60%, vorzugsweise mindestens 80% und insbesondere mindestens 90% der Länge der Oberseite und mindestens 40%, vorzugsweise mindestens 60% und insbesondere mindestens 80% der Breite der Oberseite erstreckt.
42. 42. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, umfassend
    • a) einen formstabilen Gelkörper, umfassend eine Unterseite, eine Oberseite und eine die Unterseite und die Oberseite verbindende Mantelfläche,
    • b) eine Hüllsubstanz in Form von zwei verpressten Formkörpern, welche die Unterseite und die Oberseite des formstabilen Gelkörper bedecken, wobei
      • i) mindestens einer der verpressten Formkörper eine Unterseite und eine Oberseite aufweist, welche durch eine Mantelfläche miteinander verbunden sind und
      • ii) dieser verpresste Formkörper mindestens eine Raumdiagonale aufweist, welche zwei, einander auf der Mantelfläche des verpressten Formkörpers gegenüberliegende Punkte miteinander verbindet, wobei sich die Dichte des verpressten Formkörpers entlang der Raumdiagonalen mindestens zwei Mal in der Weise verändert, dass die Dichte zunächst ansteigt und nachfolgend wieder abfällt und
      • iii) dieser verpresste Körper weiterhin an seiner Unterseite haftend mit dem formstabilen Gelkörper verbunden ist, wobei
      • iv) die Oberseite dieses verpressten Körpers eine Einprägung aufweist, deren Tiefe zwischen 1% und 40%, vorzugsweise zwischen 3% und 30% und insbesondere zwischen 6% und 20% der Höhe des verpressten Körpers beträgt.
43. 43. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Waschmittelportionseinheit keine Umverpackung aus einem wasserlöslichen Filmmaterial aufweist.
44. 44. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Waschmittelportionseinheit keine Umverpackung aus einem wasserunlöslichen Filmmaterial aufweist.
45. 45. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Waschmittelportionseinheit gemeinsam mit mindestens einer weiteren Waschmittelportionseinheit derart in einer gemeinsamen Umverpackung angeordnet ist, dass die Hüllsubstanz mindestens einer Waschmittelportionseinheit in direktem Kontakt zum Gelkörper oder zur Hüllsubstanz, vorzugsweise zur Hüllsubstanz einer weiteren Waschmittelportionseinheit steht.
46. 46. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Waschmittelportionseinheit, wobei ein Gel und eine wasserlösliche Hüllsubstanz miteinander zu einer Waschmitteldosiereinheit nach einem der Punkte 1 bis 45 verbunden werden.
47. 47. Verfahren nach Anspruch 46, umfassend die Schritte:
    • i) Bereitstellen eines Hüllmaterials;
    • ii) Bereitstellen eines Gelkörpers;
    • iii) Aufbringen eines Hüllmaterials auf die Oberfläche des Gelkörpers.
48. 48. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der Punkte 46 oder 47, wobei Hüllsubstanz in Schritt i) durch Verpressen eines teilchenförmigen Vorgemisches mit einem Pressdruck von 5 bis 30 kN erhalten wird.
49. 49. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der Punkte 46 bis 48, wobei der Gelkörper in Schritt ii) durch Erstarrung einer fließfähigen Zusammensetzung erhalten wird.
50. 50. Verfahren nach einem der Punkte 46 bis 49, wobei in Schritt ii) eine fließfähige Zusammensetzung auf ein Hüllmaterial aufgetragen wird und der Gelkörper durch nachfolgende Erstarrung der fließfähigen Zusammensetzung gebildet und haftend mit dem wasserlöslichen Hüllmaterial verbunden wird.
51. 51. Verfahren nach einem der Punkte 46 bis 50, wobei der Gelkörper nach dem Aufbringen eines wasserlöslichen Hüllmaterials in Waschmittelportionseinheiten zerteilt wird.
52. 52. Verfahren zur Textilpflege oder Textilreinigung, bei welchem eine Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der Punkte 1 bis 47 in die Dosierkammer oder die Waschtrommel einer Textilwaschmaschine eingebracht wird.
53. 53. Verfahren zur Geschirrreinigung, bei welchem eine Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der Punkte 1 bis 45 in die Dosierkammer oder den Innenraum einer Geschirrspülmaschine eingebracht wird.

In summary, items provided by this application include:

1. A detergent dosage unit comprising
   1. a) a dimensionally stable gel body
   2. b) an enveloping substance in the form of a compressed shaped body which is different from the dimensionally stable gel and partially covers the surface of the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein
      • i) the pressed shaped body has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and
      • ii) the pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal, which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density first increases and subsequently falls off again.
2. 2. Detergent portion unit according to point 1, wherein the portion unit has a weight of 14 g to 42 g, preferably 20 g to 38 g, in particular 24 g to 34 g.
3. 3. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body has a flat underside, the largest diagonal of which is greater than the height of the gel body.
4. 4. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein its largest diagonal is more than 1.5 times, preferably more than 2 times, the height of the gel body.
5. 5. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body has an oval underside.
6. 6. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body has an ellipsoidal or round, preferably a round underside.
7. 7. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body has an angular underside.
8. 8. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body has a triangular, square or hexagonal underside.
9. 9. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body has an upper side that is plane-parallel to the underside.
10. 10. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body has a bottom and a top, which have the same geometric shape and the bottom and the top have the same surface area.
11. 11. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body has an underside and an upper side which have the same geometric shape and the underside and the upper side have different surface areas.
12. 12. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the gel body has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a cylindrical lateral surface.
13. 13. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body has a bottom and a top and the area of the top is 80 to 100%, preferably 90 to 100% and in particular 98 to 100% of the bottom.
14. 14. Detergent portion unit according to one of the above points, wherein the gel body, based on its total weight, contains 30 to 70% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight and in particular 45 to 55% by weight of surfactant.
15. 15. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the gel body, based on its total weight, contains 15 to 35% by weight, preferably 20 to 30% by weight, of an aqueous-organic solvent.
16. 16. Detergent portion unit according to one of the above points, wherein the gel body contains low-molecular gelling agent with a molar mass of up to 2000 g/mol, its proportion by weight of the total weight of the gel body being less than 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight.
17. 17. Detergent portion unit according to item 16, wherein the low molecular weight gelling agent is selected from the group of cyclic dipeptides, cyclic dipeptide derivatives and dibenzylidene sorbitol.
18. 18. Detergent portion unit according to point 16, wherein dibenzylidene sorbitol is used as the low molecular weight gelling agent.
19. 19. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the coating substance is present as a tablet.
20. 20. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the coating substance has a breaking strength of 50N to 300N, preferably 70N to 200N.
21. 21. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the coating substance contains more than 40% by weight, preferably more than 60% by weight, particularly preferably more than 80% by weight, based on its total weight, of washing- or cleaning-active ingredient.
22. 22. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the coating substance contains a washing or cleaning-active ingredient from the group of fragrances.
23. 23. Laundry detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the coating substance contains a polymeric washing or cleaning-active ingredient, preferably a polymeric washing or cleaning-active ingredient from the group of celluloses and cellulose derivatives.
24. 24. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body and the enveloping substance are adhesively connected to one another.
25. 25. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body forms at least 16%, preferably at least 25% and in particular at least 30% of the total surface area of the detergent portion unit.
26. 26. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the coating substance covers 10 to 70%, preferably 30 to 65% and in particular 40 to 60% of the surface of the gel body.
27. 27. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body contains a dye.
28. 28. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body is transparent.
29. 29. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the coating substance is opaque.
30. 30. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the coating substance is white.
31. 31. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the coating substance is colored.
32. 32. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body and the enveloping substance have a color difference ΔE above 20, preferably above 40.
33. 33. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the enveloping substance is printed.
34. 34. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the water-soluble coating substance covers the surface of the gel body on two opposite sides of the gel body.
35. 35. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body has an underside and an upper side and the water-soluble coating substance at least partially covers both the underside and the upper side of the gel body.
36. 36. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the gel body has an underside and an upper side and the water-soluble coating substance covers both the underside and the upper side of the gel body by at least 40%, preferably at least 60% and in particular at least 80%.
37. 37. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the gel body has an underside and an upper side and the water-soluble enveloping substance covers both the underside and the upper side of the gel body over its entire surface.
38. 38. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal which connects two points lying opposite one another on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body, the density of the pressed shaped body along the spatial diagonals increasing at least three times, preferably at least four times changed in such a way that the density first increases and then decreases again.
39. 39. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the pressed shaped body has at least two mutually orthogonal spatial diagonals which differ from one another and which in each case connect two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body with one another, the density of the pressed shaped body along the spatial diagonals being at least two Changed times, preferably three times, particularly preferably at least four times, in such a way that the density first increases and then decreases again.
40. 40. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, comprising
    • a) a dimensionally stable gel body, comprising a bottom, a top and a lateral surface connecting the bottom and the top,
    • b) an enveloping substance in the form of two pressed moldings which cover the bottom and the top of the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein
      • i) at least one of the pressed moldings has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and
      • ii) this pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body with one another, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density first increases and subsequently falls off again and
      • iii) this pressed body is still adhesively connected to the dimensionally stable gel body on its underside
      • iv) the top of this pressed body has an indentation covering 10 to 55 percent of its top.
41. 41. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, comprising
    • a) a dimensionally stable gel body, comprising a bottom, a top and a lateral surface connecting the bottom and the top,
    • b) an enveloping substance in the form of two pressed moldings which cover the bottom and the top of the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein
      • i) at least one of the pressed moldings has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and
      • ii) this pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body with one another, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density first increases and subsequently falls off again and
      • iii) this pressed body is still adhesively connected on its underside to the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein
      • iv) the upper side of this pressed body has an impression which extends over at least 60%, preferably at least 80% and in particular at least 90% of the length of the upper side and at least 40%, preferably at least 60% and in particular at least 80% of the width of the upper side .
42. 42. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, comprising
    • a) a dimensionally stable gel body, comprising a bottom, a top and a lateral surface connecting the bottom and the top,
    • b) an enveloping substance in the form of two pressed moldings which cover the bottom and the top of the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein
      • i) at least one of the pressed moldings has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and
      • ii) this pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body with one another, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density first increases and subsequently falls off again and
      • iii) this pressed body is still adhesively connected on its underside to the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein
      • iv) the upper side of this pressed body has an indentation, the depth of which is between 1% and 40%, preferably between 3% and 30% and in particular between 6% and 20% of the height of the pressed body.
43. 43. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the detergent portion unit has no outer packaging made of a water-soluble film material.
44. 44. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the detergent portion unit has no outer packaging made of a water-insoluble film material.
45. 45. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the detergent portion unit is arranged together with at least one other detergent portion unit in a common outer packaging in such a way that the enveloping substance of at least one detergent portion unit is in direct contact with the gel body or with the enveloping substance, preferably with the enveloping substance of another detergent portion unit.
46. 46. A process for producing a detergent portion unit, in which a gel and a water-soluble coating substance are combined with one another to form a detergent metering unit according to one of points 1 to 45.
47. 47. The method according to claim 46, comprising the steps of:
    • i) providing a covering material;
    • ii) providing a gel body;
    • iii) applying a coating material to the surface of the gel body.
48. 48. A process for producing a detergent portion unit according to one of points 46 or 47, the coating substance being obtained in step i) by compressing a particulate premix with a compression pressure of 5 to 30 kN.
49. 49. Process for producing a detergent portion unit according to one of points 46 to 48, the gel body in step ii) being obtained by solidification of a flowable composition.
50. 50. The method according to any one of items 46 to 49, wherein in step ii) a flowable composition is applied to a shell material and the gel body is formed by subsequent solidification of the flowable composition and is adhesively connected to the water-soluble shell material.
51. 51. The method according to any one of points 46 to 50, wherein the gel body is divided into detergent portion units after a water-soluble coating material has been applied.
52. 52. Method for textile care or textile cleaning, in which a detergent portion unit according to one of points 1 to 47 is introduced into the dosing chamber or the washing drum of a textile washing machine.
53. 53. Method for cleaning dishes, in which a detergent portion unit according to one of points 1 to 45 is introduced into the dosing chamber or the interior of a dishwasher.

Claims (10)

Detergent dosage unit comprising a) a dimensionally stable gel body b) an enveloping substance in the form of a compressed shaped body which is different from the dimensionally stable gel and partially covers the surface of the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein i) the pressed shaped body has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and ii) the pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal, which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density first increases and subsequently falls off again. Detergent portion unit according to claim 1 , wherein the coating substance is present as a tablet. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the gel body has an underside and an upper side and the water-soluble coating substance covers both the underside and the upper side of the gel body over the entire surface. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body with one another, the density of the pressed shaped body along the spatial diagonal changing at least three times, preferably at least four times in the Way changed that the density first increases and then decreases again. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pressed shaped body has at least two space diagonals which are different from one another and are orthogonal to one another, which in each case connect two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body with one another, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the space diagonals preferably changed three times, particularly preferably at least four times, in such a way that the density first increases and then decreases again. Detergent dosage unit according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a) a dimensionally stable gel body, comprising a bottom, a top and a lateral surface connecting the bottom and the top, b) an enveloping substance in the form of two pressed moldings which cover the bottom and the top of the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein i) at least one of the pressed moldings has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and ii) this pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body with one another, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density first increases and subsequently falls off again and iii) this pressed body is still adhesively connected to the dimensionally stable gel body on its underside iv) the top of this pressed body has an indentation covering 10 to 55 percent of its top. Detergent dosage unit according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a) a dimensionally stable gel body, comprising a bottom, a top and a lateral surface connecting the bottom and the top, b) an enveloping substance in the form of two pressed moldings which cover the bottom and the top of the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein i) at least one of the pressed moldings has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and ii) this pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body with one another, the density of the pressed shaped body changing at least twice along the spatial diagonal in such a way that the density first increases and subsequently falls off again and iii) this pressed body is still adhesively connected on its underside to the dimensionally stable gel body, wherein iv) the upper side of this pressed body has an impression which extends over at least 60%, preferably at least 80% and in particular at least 90% of the length of the upper side and at least 40%, preferably at least 60% and in particular at least 80% of the width of the upper side . Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a) a dimensionally stable gel body, comprising an underside, an upper side and a lateral surface connecting the underside and the upper side, b) an enveloping substance in the form of two pressed shaped bodies, which cover the underside and the upper side of the dimensionally stable gel body cover, wherein i) at least one of the pressed shaped bodies has an underside and an upper side, which are connected to one another by a lateral surface and ii) this pressed shaped body has at least one spatial diagonal, which connects two opposite points on the lateral surface of the pressed shaped body to one another, where himself the density of the pressed shaped body changes at least twice along the spatial diagonals in such a way that the density first increases and then falls again and iii) this pressed body is still adhesively connected to the dimensionally stable gel body on its underside, iv) the upper side of this pressed Body has an impression, the depth of which is between 1% and 40%, preferably between 3% and 30% and in particular between 6% and 20% of the height of the pressed body. A method for producing a detergent portion unit, wherein a gel and a water-soluble coating substance together to form a detergent dosage unit according to one of Claims 1 until 8th get connected. Method for textile care or textile cleaning, in which a detergent portion unit according to one of Claims 1 until 8th into the dosing chamber or the washing drum of a textile washing machine or into which the dosing chamber or the interior of a dishwasher is introduced.