DE102021132079A1 - Roof and wall construction for combined power and heat generation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for providing a roof structure or wall structure for combined power and heat generation, the method comprising fastening a substructure to a load-bearing roof structure or wall structure, the substructure comprising a plurality of heat-conducting hollow beams arranged in parallel with integrated channels for a liquid heat transfer medium , wherein the thermally conductive hollow beams form the outermost battens of the substructure, and wherein the thermally conductive hollow beams comprise fluid connections in order to introduce the heat transfer medium at a first end of the thermally conductive hollow beams and to drain it off at a second, opposite end of the thermally conductive hollow beams, and wherein the method comprises fastening a plurality of thermally conductive cover elements on the substructure to form a roof covering or facade cladding, which is thermally coupled to the ducts via the thermally conductive hollow beams, and includes the attachment of photovoltaic modules on the at least one heat-conducting cover element.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is in the technical field of combined power and heat generation in buildings and relates in particular to a building-integrated photovoltaic and photothermal system.

BACKGROUND

The energy impinging on a building is regularly sufficient to cover the energy requirements of the building, at least on an annual average. To this end, photovoltaic modules can be used to generate electricity and photothermal systems can be used to generate hot water, and the energy obtained can be supplied to consumers in the building respectively. In principle, the systems mentioned can be installed parallel to one another on a building, but they are preferably combined in order to be able to use the building area more efficiently.

A number of combined photovoltaic and photothermal modules are available on the market for this purpose. A heat exchanger is usually attached to the rear of photovoltaic modules, which on the one hand can cool the photovoltaic modules and on the other hand can provide thermal energy for consumers. These combined modules can, for example, be mounted on rails on an existing roof and connected to the respective control elements in the building via power cables/hoses.

From the patent DE 100 48 035 B4 it is also known to use roofing elements for the roof of a building, which are designed as solar heat collectors and solar power modules at the same time. The roofing elements consist of a roof panel made of profile sheet metal, at least one solar laminate applied to the top and heat collector pipes attached to the underside to drain off solar-heated water. Thermal insulation can be attached to the back, so that the corresponding roofing elements can be industrially manufactured and laid on a roof to form an insulating roof skin.

From the publication WO 2017/029516 A1 it is also known to form extruded aluminum profiles with integrated liquid-carrying channels and a recess for photovoltaic modules, which can be connected to one another as roofing elements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

However, the combined modules for roof covering known from the prior art represent special performances which have special requirements both during installation and during maintenance. In particular, the combined photovoltaic and photothermic systems mean that with a corresponding roof covering, the skills of roofers, electricians and heating engineers are required at the same time for the correct connection of the roof covering elements. Furthermore, the modular design means that roof covering elements regularly have to be completely replaced during repairs, with both electrical lines and liquid lines having to be reconnected and, if necessary, the heating circuit having to be vented. This is all the more serious since the corresponding modules are exposed to considerable weather influences and can be locally damaged, e.g. by hail.

In view of this state of the art, it is an object of the invention to provide a combined photovoltaic and photothermal system which simplifies both installation and maintenance.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method, a roof structure and a wall structure for the combined generation of electricity and heat according to the independent claims. The dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments.

According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a method for providing a roof structure for combined power and heat generation. The method includes attaching a substructure to a supporting roof structure, the substructure comprising a plurality of parallel heat-conducting hollow beams with integrated channels for a liquid heat transfer medium, and the heat-conducting hollow beams forming the outermost battens of the substructure. The thermally conductive hollow beams comprise fluid connections in order to introduce the heat transfer medium at a first end of the thermally conductive hollow beams and to discharge it at a second opposite end of the thermally conductive hollow beams. The method further includes attaching at least one thermally conductive deck member to the substructure to form a roof deck thermally coupled to the ducts via the thermally conductive hollow beams and attaching photovoltaic modules on the at least one thermally conductive cover element.

A heat transfer medium circuit is integrated into the roofing with the above method. At the same time, the roofing can be done by a roofer, since first the thermally conductive hollow beams can be laid as load-bearing elements according to roof battens and then a thermally conductive roof covering, such as a tin roof, can be mounted on the thermally conductive hollow beams using established techniques.

Photovoltaic modules can be attached to the roof covering, which are thermally coupled to the channels via the at least one heat-conducting cover element. Accordingly, the photovoltaic modules can be cooled using a heat transfer medium in the ducts, while the return flow can be used to supply consumers in the building.

In the event of damage to the roof covering or the photovoltaic modules, the respective elements can be replaced without the heat transfer circuit having to be interrupted or reconnected. Instead, parts of the roofing or the photovoltaic modules can be replaced independently by a roofer or electrician. Furthermore, in the method, the cooling capacity can be set as desired by the distance between the heat-conducting hollow beams or can be adapted to a given roof area. The resulting method therefore allows for customizable cooling to be integrated into the roofing, thereby providing a modular building-integrated photovoltaic and photothermal system on a building roof.

In preferred embodiments, the method includes connecting a fluid circuit to the fluid connections of the thermally conductive hollow beams for cooling the at least one thermally conductive cover element.

The fluid circuit can be connected to the fluid connections in a separate step before or after the at least one cover element is attached, e.g. by a heating engineer, with the channels of the hollow beams being suitably connected to a heat transfer circuit and the roof being able to be closed.

In preferred embodiments, the method further includes connecting the ends of the channels of a plurality of the thermally conductive hollow beams with a connecting line that runs perpendicular to the thermally conductive hollow beams.

For example, the channels of respective adjacent pairs of thermally conductive hollow beams may be offset connected at opposite ends to define a meandering path through the thermally conductive hollow beams. Alternatively, a plurality of ducts may be connected to the connecting duct at their respective adjacent ends to define common supply and return ducts at opposite ends of the hollow-core slabs.

In preferred embodiments, the roof structure defines a pitched roof and the plurality of parallel thermally conductive hollow beams are attached perpendicularly or parallel to the ridge line thereof.

The roof construction can be understood as the supporting structure of a roof, while the roof covering protects against precipitation, wind and sun and rain can be drained off constructively on the pitched roof via the roof pitch. The ridge line is a mostly horizontal upper edge of the roof. The person skilled in the art recognizes that in the case of sloping roofs, such as pent, pitched, tailed or hipped roofs, not each of the roof areas has to be formed by a roof covering made of the at least one heat-conducting cover element. Instead, it is possible to equip only one or more roof surfaces facing the sun with the roof structure described above, while other roof surfaces can be covered with conventional (tin) roof coverings.

Depending on whether the heat-conducting hollow beams run perpendicularly or parallel to the ridge line, the fluid connections can be connected to a fluid circuit in the area of the ridge/eaves or in the area of the verge, for example. The person skilled in the art recognizes that the first end and the second end of the hollow beams can represent first and second opposite end faces in order to enable the simplest possible construction of the heat-conducting hollow beams. However, the respective first and second end can also be arranged offset to the end faces of the hollow beams, e.g. through bores in the hollow beams, which connect the integrated channels with a side surface of the hollow beam in order to simplify access to the fluid connections when constructing the roof structure .

In preferred embodiments, the method comprises attaching the thermally conductive hollow beams to the rafter of the supporting roof structure or to a lower batten over the rafter.

A conventional roof structure consists of two perpendicular substructures of the lying wooden battens. Fastening the thermally conductive hollow beams directly to the rafters of the roof construction or a lower roof batten above the rafter layer, e.g. depending on the desired orientation of the thermally conductive hollow beams, can minimize the overall weight of the roof skin and integrate the thermally conductive hollow beams into conventional roof constructions. This can, for example, allow an increase in statically weak houses, while at the same time reducing the weight by removing the old roof tiles.

In this context, the person skilled in the art recognizes that additional sealing layers, such as an underlay membrane, a separating layer and/or a (wooden) cladding, can be arranged on or above the rafter layer in order, for example, to drain away condensation or to shield noise. At the same time, however, the thermally conductive cover elements should be attached directly to the thermally conductive hollow beams in order to enable maximum heat transfer from the roof covering to the heat carrier.

Sections of space between the heat-conducting hollow beams can be used to ventilate the roof covering. A separating layer is preferably arranged between the rafter layer and the heat-conducting hollow beam in order to be able to prevent condensation from penetrating into the area of the rafters. Insulation can also be installed between the rafters using known methods, so that the heat-conducting hollow beams and the at least one cover element can be thermally insulated from the interior of the building. Accordingly, the construction can be used with the help of the thermally conductive hollow beams and the at least one thermally conductive cover element to provide a cold roof, with the higher thermal conductivity that is usual with tin roofs being able to be used advantageously to cool the photovoltaic modules attached to the cover elements.

In preferred embodiments, the plurality of parallel heat-conducting hollow beams run essentially continuously over a roof surface and preferably run essentially continuously from the ridge to the eaves of the roof structure.

A continuous construction of the thermally conductive hollow beams reduces the number of necessary fluid connections to the ducts of different hollow beams and can allow an easier separation of construction steps carried out by roofers or heating contractors.

In preferred embodiments, the at least one thermally conductive cover element is attached to the substructure in such a way that the at least one thermally conductive cover element overlays a plurality of the thermally conductive hollow beams.

In principle, a single sheet metal roof element, such as a trapezoidal sheet metal, can be used, which is attached to the underlying heat-conducting hollow beams to form a roof covering. The person skilled in the art also knows how to connect different sheet metal elements to one another, for example in a form-fitting manner via folds, and accordingly such a composite cover element can be fastened to a plurality of parallel heat-conducting hollow beams.

In preferred embodiments, the method further comprises fastening a plurality of thermally conductive cover elements on the respective thermally conductive hollow beams, the plurality of thermally conductive cover elements being distributed along a longitudinal direction of the channels on the thermally conductive hollow beams.

In other words, a deck element can cover a plurality of hollow beams, and/or a hollow beam can extend under a plurality of deck elements, so that a modular system for forming a roof covering thermally coupled with a heat transfer medium is obtained. On the one hand, this can allow the shape and structure of the roof covering to be chosen more freely and, on the other hand, it can increase the stability of the roof skin, since each individual part can be connected to a large number of other individual parts.

In preferred embodiments, the thermally conductive hollow beams and the at least one thermally conductive cover element are manufactured separately.

The connection between the thermally conductive hollow beams and the at least one thermally conductive cover element can be made using fastening elements, for example screws, rivets, etc., or can be made using positive or non-positive engagement, such as folds. The at least one thermally conductive cover element is preferably detachably attached to the thermally conductive hollow beams in order to simplify maintenance of the roof skin and the replacement of individual elements. The person skilled in the art recognizes that the attachment of the at least one heat-conducting cover element to the heat-conducting hollow beams can in principle take place before or after the attachment of the substructure to the supporting roof structure, i.e. pre-assembled combinations of heat-conducting cover elements and heat-conducting hollow beams can also be mounted together in order to Dachde to standardize or to be able to carry out faster.

In preferred embodiments, the at least one heat-conducting cover element is or forms a sheet metal roof, in particular a sheet metal roof made of aluminum, stainless steel, copper, galvanized sheet steel or titanium zinc.

For example, a plurality of sheet metal panels can be connected to one another via folds in order to form a thermally conductive roof covering for the installation of the photovoltaic modules.

The at least one thermally conductive cover element can comprise protruding sections, such as trapezoidal sections or folds, and the photovoltaic modules can be mounted between the protruding sections. For example, preassembled photovoltaic modules can be laminated onto the at least one heat-conducting cover element and attached to the heat-conducting hollow beams together with the at least one heat-conducting cover element. Furthermore, the photovoltaic modules can also be subsequently attached to the at least one heat-conducting cover element by detachable connections.

According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a roof structure for combined electricity and heat generation. The roof structure comprises a plurality of heat-conducting hollow beams arranged in parallel with integrated channels for a liquid heat transfer medium, the plurality of heat-conducting hollow beams arranged in parallel forming the outermost battens of the roof structure. The channels run along the longitudinal direction of the hollow beams, and the hollow thermally conductive beams include fluid connections for introducing the heat transfer medium at a first end of the hollow thermally conductive beams and draining it off at a second opposite end of the hollow thermally conductive beams. The roof assembly further includes at least one thermally conductive cover member attached to the plurality of thermally conductive hollow beams and thermally coupled to the plurality of thermally conductive hollow beams to form a roof covering thermally coupled to the channels for mounting photovoltaic modules.

In this context, the person skilled in the art recognizes that the thermal conductivity and the thermal coupling of the thermally conductive hollow beams and the at least one thermally conductive cover element should be designed in such a way that the photovoltaic modules can be cooled via the channels in an economically sensible manner, e.g. with a coolant with a Temperature of about 10 ° C, and / or that heat, which heats up the roof covering via the photovoltaic module or directly by the sun's rays can be derived in an economically sensible manner to make it available to consumers in the building. For example, in embodiments, a thermal transmittance of 10 W/(m ² K) or more, preferably 40 W/(m ² K) or more, is achieved with respect to the photovoltaic modules mounted on the roofing through the thermal coupling. Preferably, the thermally conductive hollow beams provide substantially planar mounting surfaces and the at least one thermally conductive cover member is retained on the planar mounting surfaces in physical contact with the thermally conductive hollow beams via a plurality of fasteners.

In preferred embodiments, the majority of heat-conducting hollow beams are metallic hollow beams, in particular hollow beams made of aluminum and preferably extruded profiles made of aluminum.

In preferred embodiments, the at least one heat-conducting cover element comprises a metal sheet metal element.

In preferred embodiments, the at least one thermally conductive cover element overlies a plurality of the thermally conductive hollow beams.

In preferred embodiments, the at least one thermally conductive cover element and the plurality of thermally conductive hollow beams are manufactured separately.

In preferred embodiments, the batten comprises a bottom batten structure having a plurality of parallel bottom battens and the plurality of heat conductive hollow beams mounted on the bottom battens, the heat conductive hollow beams being perpendicular to the bottom battens.

In preferred embodiments, the roof structure is part of a pitched roof and the heat-conducting hollow beams are perpendicular or parallel to the ridge line.

In preferred embodiments, the plurality of parallel heat-conducting hollow beams run essentially continuously over a roof surface and preferably run essentially continuously from the ridge to the eaves of the roof structure.

In preferred embodiments, the battens are attached to a rafter deck.

According to a third aspect, the invention relates to a building-integrated PVT system for the combined generation of electricity and heat, comprising the roof structure according to the second aspect and a plurality of photovoltaic modules which are or can be fastened to the roof structure, so that the plurality of photovoltaic modules can be cooled by the flow of the heat transfer medium.

In preferred embodiments, the photovoltaic modules are laminated onto the at least one heat-conducting cover element.

In some embodiments, the photovoltaic modules are detachably mounted on the at least one heat-conducting cover element by means of fastening elements.

A detachable connection between the at least one cover element and the photovoltaic modules can allow the photovoltaic modules to be replaced more easily, for example in the event of significant technological advances or damage to individual photovoltaic modules. For example, the at least one thermally conductive cover element can comprise bores in a regular pattern in order to attach photovoltaic modules to the at least one thermally conductive cover element via fastening means.

According to a fourth aspect, the invention relates to a wall structure for the combined generation of electricity and heat in a building wall. The wall structure comprises a plurality of parallel, heat-conducting hollow beams with integrated channels for a liquid heat transfer medium, the plurality of parallel, heat-conducting hollow beams forming an outer batten of the wall structure. The channels run along the longitudinal direction of the hollow beams, and the hollow thermally conductive beams include fluid connections for introducing the heat transfer medium at a first end of the hollow thermally conductive beams and draining it off at a second opposite end of the hollow thermally conductive beams. The wall structure also includes at least one thermally conductive cover element, which is attached to the plurality of thermally conductive hollow beams and is thermally coupled to the plurality of thermally conductive hollow beams, so that a facade cladding thermally coupled to the channels is formed for mounting photovoltaic modules.

The wall construction, analogous to the roof construction previously described, may allow a building-integrated PVT system to be provided for combined power and heat generation, with the cooling cladding being likewise modular in design to simplify construction and maintenance. The wall structure may include any combination of the previously described elements or roof structure configurations. The wall structure preferably comprises metallic hollow beams as heat-conducting hollow beams and at least one separately manufactured metal sheet attached thereto as at least one heat-conducting cover element.

The outer shell formed from the at least one cover element and the plurality of heat-conducting hollow beams can be a load-bearing element of a building wall, but it can also just form a substantially self-supporting wall shell, which can be attached to the structure of the building and which cannot be statically loaded. The outer shell is preferably part of a multi-shell building wall and can form a curtain wall, rear-ventilated facade or a curtain wall. In this context, the thermally conductive hollow beams can form part of a substructure of the wall structure for the attachment of the thermally conductive facade cladding.

The plurality of parallel thermally conductive hollow beams may be mounted on building anchors of a structural wall shell, such as the building framework, and the thermally conductive cover member may be secured onto the thermally conductive hollow beams to complete the building wall. The plurality of heat-conducting hollow beams arranged in parallel can be fastened, for example, to lower battens or wall anchors above the structure. Thus, a lightweight and compact construction can be achieved.

Preferably, the thermally conductive hollow beams are essentially continuous beams that run continuously across the surface of the outer shell. However, those skilled in the art recognize that the outer shell does not necessarily have to extend over the entire surface of the building wall. Rather, the outer shell can form an active cooling surface of the outer wall to be covered with photovoltaic modules, wherein, for example, a lower section of the wall, such as a lower floor, or wall sections/openings for windows can be omitted or designed differently. The thermally conductive hollow beams can run vertically or horizontally along the outer wall of the building. Correspondingly, the fluid connections in the area of the edges of the active cooling surface, such as in the area of the roof or the edges of the building, can be connected to a fluid circuit in order to simplify maintenance.

The outer shell can be used to add a storey to an existing building wall or can be integrated into the construction process of a wall construction. Between the thermally conductive hollow beams and the structure of the building Insulation and/or sealing layers can be arranged to prevent heat transfer or moisture transfer from the outer wall to the interior of the building. Free spaces between the heat-conducting hollow beams arranged in parallel can be suitable and used for rear ventilation of the facade cladding. The at least one thermally conductive cover element can close off the outer wall as facade cladding over the plurality of metallic hollow beams and allow the outer wall to be structurally sealed against wind and rain. A compact wall structure with a heat-conducting outer shell can thus be obtained, which allows heat to be dissipated from photovoltaic modules fastened to the outer wall of the building.

According to a fifth aspect, the invention relates to a building-integrated PVT system for combined power and heat generation comprising the wall structure according to the fourth aspect and also a plurality of photovoltaic modules, which are attached or attachable to the wall structure, so that the plurality of photovoltaic modules through the Flow of the heat transfer medium can be cooled.

The building-integrated PVT system or the wall construction can be provided by, starting from a construction of a supporting wall shell with building anchors, such as lower battens, the thermally conductive hollow beams are fastened parallel to one another on the building anchors. The at least one heat-conducting cover element, such as sheet metal with pre-assembled photovoltaic modules, can be fastened to the heat-conducting hollow beams. Before or after the attachment of the at least one heat-conducting cover element, the fluid connections of the metal carrier can be connected to a heat carrier circuit. Finally, if they were not already pre-assembled, photovoltaic modules can be attached to the at least one heat-conducting cover element and connected to a building-internal circuit.

According to a sixth aspect, the invention accordingly relates to a method for providing a wall structure for combined power and heat generation. The method comprises attaching a substructure to a supporting wall structure, the substructure comprising a plurality of parallel heat-conducting hollow beams with integrated channels for a liquid heat transfer medium, and the heat-conducting hollow beams forming the outermost battens of the substructure. The thermally conductive hollow beams comprise fluid connections in order to introduce the heat transfer medium at a first end of the thermally conductive hollow beams and to discharge it at a second opposite end of the thermally conductive hollow beams. The method further includes attaching at least one thermally conductive deck member to the substructure to form a cladding that is thermally coupled to the channels via the thermally conductive hollow beams and mounting photovoltaic modules on the at least one thermally conductive deck member.

The above description shows various aspects of the invention, which allow the integration of a combined photovoltaic and photothermal system in a building shell. In the case of existing roof or wall structures, however, the invention can also be implemented by attaching the heat-conducting hollow beams to the outside of the building envelope using support elements such as roof or wall hooks.

According to a seventh aspect, the invention relates to a method for providing a solar system on a building roof or on a building wall for combined electricity and heat generation. The method includes attaching a substructure to a load-bearing roof or wall structure using support elements which protrude beyond a roof covering or facade cladding to attach the substructure. The substructure comprises a plurality of thermally conductive hollow beams arranged in parallel with integrated channels for a liquid heat transfer medium, and the thermally conductive hollow beams include fluid connections in order to introduce the heat transfer medium at a first end of the thermally conductive hollow beams and to discharge it at a second opposite end of the thermally conductive hollow beams. The method further includes attaching at least one thermally conductive support member to the substructure to form a thermally conductive support surface that is thermally coupled to the channels via the thermally conductive hollow beams and mounting photovoltaic modules on the at least one thermally conductive support member.

The process allows an existing building shell to be easily retrofitted with a combined solar system. The method has the advantage that when the heat-conducting hollow beams are fastened over the roof covering or facade cladding, a structural support is attached, which can be installed before the photovoltaic modules are installed. This can also allow the integrated channels to be connected to a cooling/heating circuit independently of the installed photovoltaic modules, for example before they are installed. Heat-conducting holding elements with or without pre-assembled photovoltaic modules can be detached from the heat-conducting hollow beams be fastened bar. Finally, the photovoltaic modules can be mounted and/or electrically connected to a power circuit.

The design and the process allow the trades involved, such as heating engineers, roofers and electricians, to work essentially independently of one another both during assembly and during possible repairs. In particular, due to the detachable connection of the heat-conducting holding elements and the heat-conducting hollow beams, individual photovoltaic modules can be easily replaced without requiring the expertise of heating engineers. In other words, the cooling is integrated into the mounting system so that the photovoltaic modules can be installed and serviced separately from the cooling.

In some embodiments, the method includes connecting a fluid circuit to the fluid connections of the thermally conductive hollow beams for cooling the at least one thermally conductive holding element.

The heat-conducting hollow beams preferably extend over a plurality of photovoltaic modules, so that fewer fluid connections are necessary and are preferably only present in the edge areas of the solar system. In particular, in contrast to conventional combined PVT systems, the connection of the fluid circuits of sub-modules of the solar system can largely be dispensed with, since the heat-conducting hollow beams can span and cool a number of photovoltaic modules. As a result, all hydraulic connections can only remain provided at the edge of the roof or the wall, or in the case of longer roofs/walls, in specific regions, and are therefore accessible for repairs. In particular, the number of liquid connections can be smaller than the number of photovoltaic modules. Accordingly, a risk of leakage of the refrigeration cycle can be reduced, and maintenance work can be simplified.

In preferred embodiments, the substructure comprises crossbeams, which are arranged in particular between the support elements and the thermally conductive hollow beams, which extend at a non-zero angle, in particular essentially perpendicularly, to the thermally conductive hollow beams, and which are connected to at least two of the thermally conductive hollow beams .

In the case of extended thermally conductive hollow beams, the transverse beams can promote the fact that the thermally conductive hollow beams also run essentially parallel to one another locally, so that an optimal heat transfer between the thermally conductive holding elements and the thermally conductive hollow beams and/or reduced mechanical stresses on the photovoltaic modules can be achieved.

In preferred embodiments, the crossbeams extend essentially over a width of a thermally conductive holding element or a multiple of the width of the thermally conductive holding elements, so that the thermally conductive holding elements form an essentially planar supporting surface for the photovoltaic modules.

For example, a photovoltaic module can be attached to each of the heat-conducting holding elements, and two of the crossbeams and two of the heat-conducting hollow supports can form an essentially flat, in particular rectangular, substructure for supporting the holding elements, so that the photovoltaic module can lie essentially flat on the holding element.

With an essentially planar support surface, the photovoltaic modules can also be fastened to the holding elements by means of a force fit and/or form fit, while at the same time a comparatively high heat transfer remains possible. Such a fastening can simplify the fastening and/or the exchange of photovoltaic elements, at least in comparison to a material connection, such as laminating the photovoltaic elements.

For example, the holding elements can have clamp elements and/or grooves for accommodating photovoltaic modules in order to fasten the photovoltaic modules to the holding elements in a non-positive and/or positive manner.

Fastening the holding elements on a substantially planar support surface can, however, also have advantages in the case of laminated photovoltaic elements, since mechanical stresses can be reduced.

The at least one heat-conducting holding element is preferably essentially plate-shaped and can form an essentially flat element which overlaps at least 40%, in particular at least 60%, preferably at least 80%, of the rear side of the photovoltaic module. Correspondingly, heat from the photovoltaic module can be effectively dissipated via the support surface formed by the at least one heat-conducting holding element to the integrated channels of the heat-conducting hollow beam.

The thermal coupling to the heat-dissipating system can be done mechanically by means of the Aufpres sen the plate-shaped holding elements take place on the carrier system. Correspondingly, a heat transfer from the solar system can be integrated into a mounting system for fastening the photovoltaic modules to a building shell.

According to an eighth aspect, the invention relates to a solar system for a building roof or a building wall for the combined generation of electricity and heat. The solar system comprises a plurality of parallel heat-conducting hollow carriers with integrated channels for a liquid heat transfer medium, the heat-conducting hollow carriers comprising fluid connections in order to introduce the heat-transfer medium at a first end of the heat-conducting hollow carrier and to discharge it at a second, opposite end of the heat-conducting hollow carrier. The solar system further includes at least one thermally conductive support member releasably attached to at least two of the thermally conductive hollow beams to form a thermally conductive support surface that is thermally coupled to the channels via the thermally conductive hollow beams. The solar system also includes at least one photovoltaic module on the at least one heat-conducting holding element.

In preferred embodiments, the solar system also comprises crossbeams which extend at a non-zero angle, in particular essentially perpendicularly, to the heat-conducting hollow beams and which are connected to at least two of the heat-conducting hollow beams on a side opposite the support surface.

In preferred embodiments, the crossbeams extend essentially over a width of the at least one heat-conducting holding element or a multiple of the width of the at least one heat-conducting holding element, so that the at least one heat-conducting holding element forms an essentially planar support surface for the photovoltaic modules.

The person skilled in the art recognizes that the method and the solar system according to the seventh and the eighth aspect can basically be constructed similarly to the previous aspects and that the preferred embodiments described in this context can therefore also be applicable to the seventh and eighth aspect. The holding elements can be designed similarly to the cover elements.

character list

• 1A eine Draufsicht eines beispielhaften Dachaufbaus zeigt;
• 1B eine Seitenansicht des beispielhaften Dachaufbaus aus 1A zeigt;
• 1C einen Querschnitt durch einen beispielhaften wärmeleitenden Hohlträger zeigt;
• 2 ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Dachaufbaus anhand eines beispielhaften Flussdiagrams veranschaulicht;
• 3A, 3B ein Beispiel einer Aufdachkonstruktion für eine Solaranlage zur kombinierten Strom- und Wärmeerzeugung zeigen;
• 4A-4E einen Abschnitt einer beispielhaften Solaranlage für eine Aufdachanlage veranschaulichen; und
• 5A, 5B einen Abschnitt einer weiteren beispielhaften Solaranlage für eine Aufdachanlage veranschaulichen.

The features and advantages of the invention are best understood from the preferred embodiments described below and illustrated with reference to the drawings, wherein:

• 1A Figure 12 shows a plan view of an exemplary roof assembly;
• 1B a side view of the exemplary roof structure 1A shows;
• 1C shows a cross-section through an exemplary thermally conductive hollow beam;
• 2 FIG. 12 illustrates a method for manufacturing a roof assembly using an exemplary flow chart;
• 3A , 3B show an example of a rooftop construction for a solar system for combined power and heat generation;
• 4A-4E illustrate a portion of an example solar array for a rooftop array; and
• 5A , 5B illustrate a portion of another example solar array for a rooftop array.

1A FIG. 12 shows a plan view of an exemplary roof structure 10 for a pitched roof of a building. The roof structure 10 comprises a plurality of metallic hollow beams 12 which extend parallel to one another and form the outermost battens of the roof structure 10 . A metal roofing 14 is disposed over the metal box slabs 12 overlying the plurality of metal box slabs 12 and allowing structural drainage of rain along a vertical direction. Photovoltaic modules 16 , which are thermally coupled to the metal roofing 14 , are fastened to the metal roofing 14 .

The metallic hollow beams 12 can each include integrated channels 26 (not shown in FIG 1A , but shown in 1B , 1C ), which extend along the (vertical) longitudinal direction of the metallic hollow beam 12 and can carry a heat transfer medium. Each of the metallic hollow beams 12 can be coupled to an inflow line 18 and an outflow line 20, wherein schematic arrows indicate a direction of flow of a heat transfer medium, such as water. The inflow line 18 and the outflow line 20 may extend perpendicularly to the hollow metal slabs 12 and may be coupled to the hollow metal slabs 12 at the respective opposite longitudinal ends of the hollow metal slabs 12 such that the heat transfer medium from the inflow line 18 through the integrated channels 26 of the hollow metal slabs Hollow beam 12 can be guided into the drain line 20.

A flow of heat carrier via the inflow line 18 through the metallic hollow beams 12 and into the outflow line 20 can dissipate heat from the metallic hollow beams 12 in order to cool the associated metallic roof covering 14 and the photovoltaic modules 16 attached thereto and to provide a heated heat transfer medium for use in the building provide.

1B 12 shows an example cross section of the roof assembly 10. FIG 1A perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the metallic hollow beam 12, while 1C shows a cross section through an exemplary metallic hollow beam 12 .

According to the illustration in 1B the metallic hollow beams 12 are fastened to a lower batten 22 which runs perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the metallic hollow beams 12 . The lower roof battens 22 can be made of wood and the metallic hollow beams 12 can be attached to them using suitable fastening means such as screws or nails. The lower roof battens 22 can be mounted on a rafter layer of the building and together with the metal hollow beams 12 can form a substructure of the roof structure 10 with battens running perpendicular to one another.

A plurality of metal deck members 14a-c are secured to the metal hollow beams 12, the metal deck members 14a-c respectively overlying and connecting a plurality of the metal hollow beams 12 to provide physical and thermal contact between the metal deck members 14a-c and the respective produce metallic hollow beam 12.

Adjacent metallic deck members 14a-c overlap at a joint portion 24 to provide a structural seal against rain. In the connection section 24, the metal decking elements 14a-c can be connected to one another, e.g.

As in 1B shown, each of the hollow metal carriers 12 preferably comprises an integrated channel 26 which extends along the longitudinal direction of the respective hollow metal carrier 12 in order to guide the heat transfer medium along the hollow metal carrier 12 . For example, the hollow metal supports 12 may be extruded metal supports that have internal voids therethrough to form tubes for the heat transfer medium.

Preferably, the metallic hollow beams 12 each have attachment surfaces 28 which are essentially planar in order to provide a flat contact surface for the metallic cover elements 14a-c, via which a thermal coupling between the roofing and the metallic hollow beams 12 can take place. Holes can be provided on the fastening surfaces 28 in order to keep the cover elements 14a-c in contact with the metallic hollow beams 12 by means of detachable fastening means.

Accordingly, a roof structure 10 can be provided, the battens inclined towards the roof covering being replaced by a metal profile which, compared to the usual wooden battens, has good heat conduction and has a hollow profile on the inside through which the heat transfer medium can flow for cooling. This construction makes it possible to convert a complete roof into a cooling roof and only cover it with a conventional sheet metal roof. Photovoltaic modules 16 can either be glued onto this tin roof or subsequently attached to the tin roof.

2 shows an exemplary flowchart for a method for producing a corresponding roof structure 10. The method includes the creation of a substructure (S10), which can include attaching a lower batten 22 and the metallic hollow beam 12 over a rafter layer of a roof structure. The method further includes laying a sheet metal roof (S12) over the substructure, wherein at least one metal decking member 14a-c may be attached to the metal box slabs 12 such that a resulting metal roof deck 14 is thermally coupled to channels 26 through the metal box slabs 12. Both steps can be carried out by a roofer, so that the production of the cooling roof can be integrated into the usual work processes, with the start and end points of a cooling batten formed by the metal hollow beams 12 remaining open.

The method also includes connecting the cooling battens to a cooling circuit (S14), for example by connecting fluid connections in the area of the longitudinal ends of the metal hollow beams 12 to a building-internal cooling circuit. The cooling battens are preferably connected in the area of the lateral ends of the sheet metal roof, i.e. in the area of the ridge, the eaves or the verge, in order to simplify maintenance of the fluid circuit.

The method further includes closing the roof (S16), for example by attaching a ridge plate over the fluid ports of the hollow metal beams 12. In some embodiments, However, the roof can be closed before the cooling battens are connected to the cooling circuit, e.g. if the metallic hollow beams 12 are already connected to one another and/or if fluid connections in the area of the verge of the roof structure 10 are also exposed after the roof is closed.

Photovoltaic modules 16 can already be pre-assembled, for example glued, on the at least one metal cover element 14a-c, which forms the tin roof, so that the photovoltaic modules 16 can be laid with the tin roof. Otherwise, the method can include laying the photovoltaic modules 16 in a heat-conducting and preferably form-fitting manner on the tin roof.

The method further includes electrically connecting the photovoltaic modules 16 (S18) to an in-building electrical circuit to complete the fabrication of the building-integrated photovoltaic and photothermal system. The connection of the photovoltaic modules 16 or the laying of the photovoltaic modules 16 can be carried out separately from the other steps by an electrician.

Although the method shown as an example shows the connection of the photovoltaic modules 16 as the last step in a substantially conventional workflow for the production of a roof structure 10, the person skilled in the art will recognize that the connection of the photovoltaic modules 16 can also be carried out before the roof is closed and before the connection the cooling battens can be carried out to the cooling circuit.

In principle, the process can be carried out using standard techniques by the trades involved, i.e. roofers, heating engineers and electricians, although these essentially have separate work processes. Furthermore, the method may require few special parts since, for example, the metal hollow beams 12 can be provided by standard profiles such as extruded aluminum hollow beams, which can then be covered with a conventional aluminum sheet roof, for example.

The invention has been illustrated above with an example of a sloping roof, which uses the slope of the roof for optimal collection of solar energy. However, the person skilled in the art recognizes that in principle any roof shape, such as a flat roof, can benefit from the roof structure according to the invention.

Furthermore, the construction of the roof structure 10 can also be used to cover the facades of a building, with the metal hollow beams 12 and the at least one metal cover element 14a-c being able to form a metal facade cladding for mounting and cooling photovoltaic modules 16 on a side wall of a building. Accordingly, by using the wall area, the area of the building-integrated PVT system can be increased beyond the area of the roof.

In addition, the system shown above can also be used to retrofit an existing conventional roof or wall structure with a solar system for combined power and heat generation by fastening the hollow beams using roof or wall hooks over an existing building envelope.

3A , 3B shows an example of a rooftop construction for a solar system 30 for combined power and heat generation, wherein 3A and 3B represent front and rear views respectively.

The rooftop construction of the solar system 30 comprises two parallel, heat-conducting hollow beams 12 which are connected to one another via a plurality of cross beams 32 . Sheet metal groups 34, 34a-c are detachably fastened to the heat-conducting hollow beams 12 as heat-conducting holding elements 34, 34a-c, each carrying a photovoltaic module 16.

Each metal sheet 34, 34a-c and each photovoltaic module 16 are assigned two cross members 32, which extend perpendicularly to the thermally conductive hollow beams 12 and form a substantially rectangular support structure with the heat conductive hollow beams 12, the circumference of which is below the respective metal sheet 34, 34a- c and/or the respective photovoltaic module 16 runs. The rectangular support frame can define an essentially flat fastening plane in order to ensure the flattest possible contact surface between the sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c and the photovoltaic modules 16 attached thereto.

The crossbeams 32 can be attached to roof hooks (not shown) to secure the rooftop structure to an existing roof structure and the thermally conductive hollow beams 12 can then be routed over the crossbeams 32 and attached to them to form a support structure with integrated channels 26 for a to form heat transfer medium. Sheet metal groups 34, 34a-c can be fastened to the support structure, which can provide a thermal coupling between the integrated channels 26 and the photovoltaic modules 16 fastened to the sheet metal groups 34, 34a-c. The attachment preferably includes a non-positive and/or positive connection between the sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c and the heat-conducting hollow beams 12, such as by screws, rivets, clamps, folds, positive fasteners, or combinations thereof.

The photovoltaic modules 16 can be attached to the cooling structure assembled in this way, consisting of heat-conducting hollow beams 12 and sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c, or they can be attached to the sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c before the solar system 30 is installed and with these to the heat-conducting hollow beams 12 to be attached.

As in the previous examples, the channels 26 of the heat-conducting hollow beams 12 can be connected to a fluid circuit essentially independently of other components of the solar system 30, which on the one hand allows an improved separation of tasks between the trades during the assembly of the solar system 30 and at the same time allows maintenance of the photovoltaic modules 16 can simplify. In particular, defective photovoltaic modules 16 can be replaced in isolation without disconnecting the integrated channels 26 from inflow 18 or outflow 20 lines.

4A-4E illustrate a portion of an exemplary solar array 30 for a rooftop array, wherein 4A shows a front view and 4B , 4C and 4D , 4E each represent perspective views and cross sections. 4C , 4E concern enlarged views of the in 4B , 4D Sections marked with a circle.

The section of the solar system 30 comprises two heat-conducting hollow beams 12 which extend parallel to one another and can be connected to one another via cross beams 32 . A sheet metal panel 34, 34a-c is detachably attached to the two heat-conducting hollow beams 12 and forms a heat-conducting attachment surface for a photovoltaic module 16, which can support the photovoltaic module 16 and can dissipate heat from the photovoltaic module 16 via a corresponding rear support surface.

In 4A-E the photovoltaic module 16 is arranged in a U-shaped receptacle 36, which forms a lateral groove in the edge area of the sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c and positively accommodates the photovoltaic module. The U-shaped receptacle 36 can be obtained by reshaping the sheets of metal 34, 34a-c and can have a height H which essentially corresponds to the height of the photovoltaic module 16. However, the height H of the U-shaped receptacle 36 can also be greater than a height of the sheet metal shares 34, 34a-c, and the sheet metal shares 34, 34a-c can be provided with additional components by filling the U-shaped socket 36 in the height direction (Not shown), such as a seal, are held in the U-shaped receptacle 36 in a non-positive manner.

On the side of the photovoltaic module 16 which is opposite the U-shaped receptacle 36, a clamping element 38, such as that in 4E clamp bracket 38, shown enlarged, to which sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c can be attached with releasable fastening elements, the clamping element 38 fixing the photovoltaic module 16 to the sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c in a non-positive and/or positive manner. Accordingly, the photovoltaic module 16 can easily be exchanged by releasing the clamping element 38 . Furthermore, photovoltaic modules 16 that are fundamentally not adapted to photothermal applications, such as glass-glass photovoltaic modules, can also be attached to the sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c in a simple manner.

In 4A-4E the sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c are shown as a continuous flat element, which can promote heat transfer from the photovoltaic module 16 to the heat transfer medium in the channels 26 of the heat-conducting hollow beam 12. However, the person skilled in the art understands that the sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c can also have recesses for the passage of cables or for weight reduction. Furthermore, the sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c can also have a plurality of through-holes in order to attach the clamping elements 38 at different positions, so that photovoltaic modules 16 of different widths can be accommodated. Correspondingly, in some embodiments, the metal sheets 34, 34a-c can only be a substantially flat element, which can have a plurality of recesses and which overlaps at least half of the rear side of the photovoltaic module 16. Furthermore, the photovoltaic module 16 can also be fastened without a U-shaped receptacle 36, for example by clamping elements 38 on both sides.

Although in 4A-4E only one photovoltaic module 16 is fastened to the metal sheets 34, 34a-c, a plurality of photovoltaic modules 16 can also be fastened to a metal sheets 34, 34a-c. The sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c can also be fastened to more than two heat-conducting hollow supports 12, for example in order to increase heat transfer from the photovoltaic modules 16.

Furthermore, in 4A-4E although only one sheet metal panel 34, 34a-c and one photovoltaic module 16 is shown as an example, those skilled in the art will understand that a plurality of sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c and photovoltaic modules 16 can be attached to the thermally conductive hollow beams 12 to form a solar system 30, as exemplified in 3A , 3B shown.

5A , 5B illustrate a portion of another exemplary solar system 30 for a rooftop system, wherein 5A , and 5B represent a front view and an enlarged lateral cross-section along the thermally conductive hollow beams 12, respectively.

Unlike the solar system 30 in 4A-4E the photovoltaic module 16 is integrated with the sheet metal panels 34, 34a-c. In particular, the photovoltaic module 16 is fitted circumferentially into a heat-conducting carrier frame 34 which carries the photovoltaic module 16 via a circumferential groove 36 . The thermally conductive support frame 34 can be attached to the thermally conductive hollow beams 12 after the attachment of the thermally conductive hollow beams 12 to an existing conventional roof structure to form a solar array 30 which can also utilize thermal energy via the channels of the support structure. The heat-conducting support frame 34 can dissipate heat from the photovoltaic modules 12 to the hollow supports 12 via a rear support surface.

The thermally conductive support frame 34 with the circumferential groove 36 can facilitate the assembly of the photovoltaic modules and can protect thermally conductive material sections between the support frame 34 and the photovoltaic module 16 from the effects of the weather, such as when using a film-glass photovoltaic module and/or a thermally conductive paste, since the circumferential groove 36 can at least partially seal a rear side of the photovoltaic module 16 .

Thus, the principle of cooling a solar system 30 by using integrated channels 26 in supporting hollow beams 12 can also be applied when an existing roof structure is to be retrofitted. The advantages of a resulting separation of tasks in the production and maintenance of the solar system 30 can also be achieved, which were discussed above in connection with the roof structure 10 for combined electricity and heat generation. As in these examples, fluid connections to the channels 26 of the heat-conducting hollow beam 12 may only be necessary in the edge areas of the solar system 30, which can simplify maintenance and assembly of the solar system 30. Such a solar system 30 can also be advantageously used on flat roofs, since a spatial arrangement of the hollow beams 12 can be matched to an optimal angle of solar radiation.

The free spaces that are formed behind the sheet metal panels/carrier frames 34, 34a-c between the heat-conducting hollow carriers 12 can be used advantageously for installing cable boxes for the photovoltaic modules, so that a compact and modular overall system can be obtained.

The above description and the drawings are only intended to illustrate the invention and its advantages and are not to be understood as limiting. Rather, the scope of protection should be determined by the claims that follow.

Reference List

10

roof structure

12

metallic hollow beams

14

metallic roofing

14a-c

metallic cover elements

16

photovoltaic modules

18

influence line

20

drain line

22

lower battens

24

connection section

26

channels

28

mounting surfaces

30

solar system

32

cross member

34, 34a-c

tin shares

36

groove

38

clamping element

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 10048035 B4 [0004]
• WO 2017029516 A1 [0005]

Claims (30)

Method for providing a roof structure (10) for combined power and heat generation, the method comprising: Fastening a substructure to a load-bearing roof structure, the substructure comprising a plurality of parallel, heat-conducting hollow beams (12) with integrated channels (26) for a liquid heat transfer medium, the heat-conducting hollow beams (12) forming the outermost battens of the substructure, and the heat-conducting Hollow beams (12) comprise fluid connections to introduce the heat transfer medium at a first end of the heat-conducting hollow beams (12) and to discharge it at a second opposite end of the heat-conducting hollow beams (12); attaching at least one thermally conductive deck member (14,14a-c) to the substructure to form a roof deck thermally coupled to the ducts (26) via the thermally conductive hollow beams (12); and Attaching photovoltaic modules (16) to the at least one heat-conducting cover element (14, 14a-c). procedure after claim 1 , the method further comprising: connecting a fluid circuit to the fluid connections of the thermally conductive hollow beams (12) for cooling the at least one thermally conductive cover element (14, 14a-c). procedure after claim 1 or 2 , the method further comprising: connecting the ends of the channels (26) of a plurality of the thermally conductive hollow beams (12) with a connecting line (18, 20) which runs perpendicularly to the thermally conductive hollow beams (12). A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the roof structure defines a pitched roof and the plurality of parallel thermally conductive hollow beams (12) are secured perpendicularly or parallel to the ridge line thereof. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one thermally conductive cover element (14, 14a-c) is attached to the substructure in such a way that the at least one thermally conductive cover element (14, 14a-c) overlays a plurality of the thermally conductive hollow beams (12). A method according to any one of the preceding claims, the method further comprising: Fastening a plurality of thermally conductive cover elements (14, 14a-c) on the respective thermally conductive hollow beams (12), wherein the plurality of thermally conductive cover elements (14, 14a-c) are distributed along a longitudinal direction of the channels (26) on the thermally conductive hollow beams (12). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one heat-conducting cover element (14, 14a-c) is or forms a tin roof, in particular a tin roof made of aluminium, stainless steel, copper, galvanized sheet steel or titanium zinc. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the plurality of parallel heat-conducting hollow beams (12) run essentially continuously over a roof surface and preferably run essentially continuously from the ridge to the eaves of the roof structure. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, the method further comprising: Fasten the thermally conductive hollow beam (12) to the rafter layer of the supporting roof structure or to a lower batten (22) above the rafter layer. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the heat-conducting hollow beams (12) and the at least one heat-conducting cover element (14, 14a-c) are manufactured separately. A roof structure (10) for combined power and heat generation, comprising: a plurality of parallel heat-conducting hollow beams (12) with integrated channels (26) for a liquid heat transfer medium, the plurality of heat-conducting hollow beams (12) arranged in parallel forming the outermost battens of the roof structure (10), the channels (26) running along the longitudinal direction of the hollow beams (12), and the thermally conductive hollow beams (12) including fluid connections for introducing the heat transfer medium at a first end of the thermally conductive hollow beams (12) and draining it off at a second opposite end of the thermally conductive hollow beams (12); and at least one thermally conductive cover element (14, 14a-c) which is attached to the plurality of thermally conductive hollow beams (12) and is thermally coupled to the plurality of thermally conductive hollow beams (12) such that a roof covering thermally coupled to the channels (26) for the assembly of Photovoltaic modules (16) is formed. Roof structure (10) according to claim 11 , wherein the plurality of heat-conducting hollow beams (12) are metallic hollow beams (12), in particular hollow beams (12) made of aluminum and preferably extruded profiles made of aluminum. Roof structure (10) according to claim 11 or 12 , wherein the at least one heat-conducting cover element (14, 14a-c) comprises a metal sheet metal element. Roof structure (10) according to one of Claims 11 until 13 , wherein the at least one thermally conductive cover element (14, 14a-c) overlays a plurality of the thermally conductive hollow beams (12). Roof structure (10) according to one of Claims 11 until 14 , wherein the at least one thermally conductive cover element (14, 14a-c) and the plurality of thermally conductive hollow beams (12) are manufactured separately. Roof structure (10) according to one of Claims 11 until 15 , wherein the batten comprises a lower batten construction with a plurality of parallel lower battens (22) and the plurality of thermally conductive hollow beams (12) are attached to the lower battens (22), the thermally conductive hollow beams (12) being perpendicular to the lower battens (22) get lost. Roof structure (10) according to one of Claims 11 until 16 , wherein the roof structure (10) is part of a pitched roof, and wherein the heat-conducting hollow beams (12) run perpendicularly or parallel to the ridge line. Roof structure (10) according to one of Claims 11 until 17 , wherein the plurality of parallel heat-conducting hollow beams (12) run essentially continuously over a roof surface and preferably run essentially continuously from the ridge to the eaves of the roof structure. Roof structure (10) according to any one of Claims 11 until 18 , whereby the roof battens are attached to a rafter layer. Building-integrated PVT system for combined electricity and heat generation comprising the roof structure (10) according to one of Claims 11 - 19 and a plurality of photovoltaic modules (16) which are or can be fastened to the roof structure (10), so that the plurality of photovoltaic modules (16) can be cooled by the flow of the heat transfer medium. system after claim 20 , wherein the photovoltaic modules (16) are laminated onto the at least one heat-conducting cover element (14, 14a-c). Wall structure for combined electricity and heat generation in a building wall comprising: a plurality of parallel heat-conducting hollow beams (12) with integrated channels (26) for a liquid heat transfer medium, the plurality of heat-conducting hollow beams (12) arranged in parallel forming an outer batten of the wall structure, the channels (26) running along the longitudinal direction of the hollow beams (12), and the thermally conductive hollow beams (12) including fluid connections for introducing the heat transfer medium at a first end of the thermally conductive hollow beams (12) and draining it off at a second opposite end of the thermally conductive hollow beams (12); and at least one thermally conductive cover element (14, 14a-c), which is attached to the plurality of thermally conductive hollow beams (12) and is thermally coupled to the plurality of thermally conductive hollow beams (12), so that a facade cladding thermally coupled to the channels (26) for the installation of Photovoltaic modules (16) is formed. Building-integrated PVT system for combined power and heat generation including the wall structure according to Claim 22 and a plurality of photovoltaic modules (16) which are or can be fastened to the wall structure, so that the plurality of photovoltaic modules (16) can be cooled by the flow of the heat transfer medium. Method for providing a wall structure for combined electricity and heat generation in a building wall, the method comprising: Fastening a substructure to a load-bearing wall structure, the substructure comprising a plurality of parallel, heat-conducting hollow beams (12) with integrated channels (26) for a liquid heat transfer medium, the heat-conducting hollow beams (12) forming the outermost battens of the substructure, and the heat-conducting Hollow beams (12) comprise fluid connections to introduce the heat transfer medium at a first end of the heat-conducting hollow beams (12) and to discharge it at a second opposite end of the heat-conducting hollow beams (12); Fastening at least one thermally conductive cover element (14,14a-c) to the substructure to form a facade cladding which is thermally coupled to the channels (26) via the thermally conductive hollow beams (12); and Attaching photovoltaic modules (16) to the at least one heat-conducting cover element (14, 14a-c). Method for providing a solar system (30) on a building roof or on a building wall for combined electricity and heat Production, the method comprising: Fastening a substructure to a load-bearing roof or wall structure using support elements which protrude beyond a roof covering or facade cladding for fastening the substructure, the substructure having a plurality of parallel, heat-conducting hollow beams (12) with integrated channels (26) for comprises a liquid heat transfer medium, and wherein the thermally conductive hollow beams (12) comprise fluid connections to introduce the heat transfer medium at a first end of the thermally conductive hollow beams (12) and to drain it off at a second opposite end of the thermally conductive hollow beams (12); attaching at least one thermally conductive support member (34,34a-c) to the substructure to form a thermally conductive support surface thermally coupled to the channels (26) via the thermally conductive hollow beams (12); and attaching photovoltaic modules (16) to the at least one thermally conductive holding element (34, 34a-c). procedure after Claim 25 , wherein the substructure comprises crossbeams (32), which are arranged in particular between the support elements and the heat-conducting hollow beams (12), which extend at a non-zero angle, in particular essentially perpendicularly, to the heat-conducting hollow beams (12), and which are connected to at least two of the heat-conducting hollow beams (12). procedure after Claim 26 , wherein the cross members (32) extend essentially over a width of the at least one heat-conducting holding element (34,34a-c) or a multiple of the width of the at least one heat-conducting holding element (34,34a-c), so that the at least one heat-conducting holding element (34,34a-c) forms a substantially flat support surface for the photovoltaic modules (16). Solar system (30) for a building roof or a building wall for the combined generation of electricity and heat, comprising: a plurality of parallel-arranged thermally conductive hollow beams (12) with integrated channels (26) for a liquid heat transfer medium, the thermally conductive hollow beams (12) comprising fluid connections in order to introduce the heat transfer medium at a first end of the thermally conductive hollow beams (12) and at a second opposite end derive the thermally conductive hollow beam (12); at least one thermally conductive support member (34,34a-c) releasably attached to at least two of the thermally conductive hollow beams (12) to form a thermally conductive support surface thermally coupled to the channels (26) via the thermally conductive hollow beams (12). ; and at least one photovoltaic module (16) on the at least one heat-conducting holding element (34, 34a-c). Solar system (30) after claim 28 , wherein the solar system (30) further comprises crossbeams (32) which extend at an angle other than zero, in particular essentially perpendicular, to the heat-conducting hollow beams (12), and which on a side opposite the support surface with at least two of the heat-conducting Hollow beams (12) are connected. Solar system (30) after claim 29 , wherein the cross members (32) extend essentially over a width of the at least one heat-conducting holding element (34,34a-c) or a multiple of the width of the at least one heat-conducting holding element (34,34a-c), so that the at least one heat-conducting holding element (34,34a-c) forms a substantially flat support surface for the photovoltaic modules (16).

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