DE102021122870B3 - torsional vibration damper - Google Patents

Abstract

Torsional vibration damper (1) of a torque transmission device, with an axis of rotation (2), at least comprising an input side (3), an output side (5) which can be rotated in a circumferential direction (4) relative to the input side (3), and at least one intermediate element (6) which is at least one energy storage element (7), supported on at least one rolling element (8), is mounted swingably on at least one of the input side (3) and output side (5) and reduces rotational irregularities during operation of the torsional vibration damper (1), and also a friction device (9), which has at least a first hysteresis and a second hysteresis depending on a rotation of the input side (3) relative to the output side (5); wherein the friction device (9) has at least three friction rings (10, 11, 12), which are each arranged between the input side (3) and the output side (5) and form friction points (13, 14, 15).

Description

The invention relates to a torsional vibration damper according to the preamble of claim 1, which is used in particular to reduce torsional vibrations in a drive train. The torsional vibration damper can be used as a torque transmission device or as part of a torque transmission device, in particular in a motor vehicle, preferably in the drive train of a motor vehicle, particularly preferably in a hybrid drive train in which z. B. an electric machine and an internal combustion engine can be used to drive the motor vehicle.

Torsional vibration dampers are known, for example, from the field of motor vehicles, in order to make rotational irregularities more uniform and thus to reduce torque shocks and/or noise emissions. Torsional vibration dampers can e.g. B. be combined with friction clutches to compact, switchable torque transmission devices.

A torsional vibration damper comprises at least one input side, an output side that can be rotated in a circumferential direction relative to the input side, and at least one intermediate element, which is supported on at least one energy storage element and is supported on at least one rolling body so that it can swing on at least one of the input side and output side and reduces rotational irregularities during operation.

In addition, a torsional vibration damper includes a friction device that can set different hysteresis depending on a rotation of the input side relative to the output side. Hysteresis is the difference between the damping characteristics of the torsional vibration damper when the torsional vibration damper is loaded and unloaded with a torque. The hysteresis thus designates the energy dissipation due to the damping effected by the friction device. Depending on the degree of twisting between the input side and the output side, it is possible in particular to switch between different damping characteristics and thus different hysteresis.

A particularly efficient torsional vibration damper is referred to, for example, as a oscillating rocker damper, which as an intermediate element comprises a plurality of rocker elements connecting the input side with the output side, which are prestressed against one another via spring devices, the input side, output side and rocker elements each having movement paths in which rolling elements are movably arranged, the on the one hand connect the input side and the rocker elements and on the other hand the rocker elements and the output side.

From the DE 10 2019 121 204 A1 and the DE 10 2019 121 205 A1 a pendulum rocker damper is known in each case. Another torsional vibration damper designed as a pendulum rocker damper is e.g. B. from the post-published DE 10 2021 112 758 B3 famous.

In these known torsional vibration dampers z. B. two friction rings. A ramp system can be used to switch between two different hysteresis depending on the degree of torsion between the input side and output side.

Furthermore, from the DE 696 09 167 T2 a torsional vibration damper is known, which can be read on the preamble of claim 1.

There is a constant need to further develop such torsional vibration dampers and to improve them, in particular with regard to a longer service life.

The present invention is based on the object of at least partially alleviating the problems described in the introduction. In particular, a torsional vibration damper is to be proposed which has a longer service life.

This object is achieved with a torsional vibration damper according to the features of independent claim 1. Further advantageous refinements of the invention are specified in the dependent claims. The features listed individually in the dependent claims can be combined with one another in a technologically meaningful manner and can define further refinements of the invention. In addition, the features specified in the claims are specified and explained in more detail in the description, with further preferred configurations of the invention being presented.

A torsional vibration damper with an axis of rotation is proposed. This is in particular a torque transmission device or a component of a torque transmission device, e.g. B. combined with a friction clutch. The torsional vibration damper comprises at least one input side, one output side that can be rotated in a circumferential direction relative to the input side, and at least one intermediate element, which is supported on at least one energy storage element and supported on at least one rolling body so that it can swing on at least one of the input side and output side and reduces rotational irregularities during operation, and also a friction device which, depending on a rotation of the input side relative to the output side, has at least a first hysteresis and a second hysteresis having. The friction device has at least three friction rings, which are each arranged between the input side and the output side and form friction points.

The friction rings are ring-shaped, in particular, arranged coaxially to one another and to the axis of rotation, and extend along the circumferential direction around the axis of rotation.

In particular, the friction device has at least one first cup spring, which has a first contact point, a second contact point and a third contact point arranged one after the other along a radial direction from the inside to the outside and spaced apart from one another. The first plate spring constantly contacts a first friction ring at the innermost first contact point, a second friction ring at the middle second contact point and a third friction ring at the outermost third contact point. During the first hysteresis, the first cup spring contacts the first friction ring and at least the third friction ring, and during the second hysteresis, the first friction ring and additionally only the second friction ring.

The contact points are in particular on different radii to the axis of rotation. The first point of contact at a smallest first radius and the third point of contact at a largest third radius. The second contact point accordingly on an intermediate second radius. The contact points extend, in particular, in a ring shape, in which case they can be present along the circumferential direction, preferably continuously, but possibly also with interruptions. The different hystereses are described by the ratio of the radii of the contact points. The first hysteresis is therefore: first radius of the first contact point / third radius of the third contact point. The second hysteresis is accordingly: first radius of the first contact point / second radius of the second contact point.

A ratio between the first, smaller, hysteresis and the second, larger, hysteresis is in particular more than two, preferably approximately three.

The first friction ring and the third friction ring consist in particular of a plastic material. The second friction ring consists in particular of a metallic material, in particular of steel.

In particular, the first friction ring is non-rotatably connected to one of the input side and the output side. In particular, the first friction ring is connected to the input side or the output side essentially without play in relation to the circumferential direction. This connection can B. be realized via a pin connected to the corresponding side, which extends through a larger opening of the other side towards the first friction ring.

In particular, the first friction ring forms a first friction point with the other of the input side and the output side. When the input side is twisted in relation to the output side, the first friction ring is also twisted with the input side or output side and rubs with the first friction point on the other of the output side and the input side. Compared to the other friction points, the first friction point is arranged in particular at a very small first distance from the axis of rotation.

The friction points lie in particular on different radii from one another or are arranged at different distances from the axis of rotation. The first friction point lies at a smallest first distance and the third friction point at a greatest third distance. The second friction point correspondingly at a second distance therebetween. The friction points extend, in particular, in a ring shape, and are preferably present continuously along the circumferential direction.

In particular, the first friction ring has at least one driver which extends along the axis of rotation and via which the first plate spring is connected to the first friction ring in a rotationally fixed manner.

The first plate spring is arranged directly adjacent to the first friction ring, in particular along the axis of rotation. In particular, the first disk spring is arranged along the axis of rotation between the first friction ring and the other two friction rings, ie the second friction ring and the third friction ring. In particular, the second friction ring and the third friction ring are arranged adjacent to one another along the radial direction and overlapping one another along the axis of rotation.

In particular, the first friction ring has at least one driver which extends along the axis of rotation and via which the second friction ring is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first friction ring.

In particular, the third friction ring has at least one second driver which extends along the axis of rotation and via which the third friction ring is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first disk spring.

In particular, the friction device has a pressure plate which is non-rotatably connected to the other of the input side and the output side and which forms a second friction point with the second friction ring and a third friction point with the third friction ring. The pressure plate and the third friction ring each have ramps which together form a ramp device by which the first hysteresis or the second hysteresis is set depending on the rotation of the input side relative to the output side. Depending on the torsion, the first disc spring presses either the second friction ring or the third friction ring against the pressure plate.

In particular, the pressure plate with the other of the input side and output side is directly z. B. connected via screws or rivets. In particular, the at least one connection between the pressure plate and the other of the input side and the output side is arranged outside of the friction rings in the radial direction.

The friction rings and the disk spring are in particular connected to one another, preferably without play in relation to the circumferential direction. The friction rings and the disc spring z. B. connected to the input side (or to the output side). The pressure plate is then connected to the output side (or to the input side).

In particular, the friction device additionally has a second cup spring, which has a fourth contact point and a fifth contact point arranged one after the other along the radial direction from the inside to the outside and spaced apart from one another, the fourth contact point and the fifth contact point replacing the second contact point. The second cup spring constantly contacts the first cup spring at the inner fourth contact point and constantly contacts the second friction ring at the outer fifth contact point. As a result of the arrangement of the second plate spring, the first plate spring does not now contact the second friction ring.

The second plate spring is arranged in particular along the axis of rotation between the first plate spring and the second friction ring. The second disc spring is arranged in particular inside the third friction ring with respect to the radial direction.

In particular, the ramp device can be relieved via the second disc spring. The second disc spring exerts a force on the second friction ring at each hysteresis, i. H. the second friction point is also acted upon in the first hysteresis, in addition to the first friction point and the third friction point.

In particular, the first friction ring has at least one driver which extends along the axis of rotation and via which the second disk spring is connected to the first friction ring in a rotationally fixed manner.

In particular, the torsional vibration damper is an oscillating rocker damper which, as an intermediate element, comprises a plurality of rocker elements connecting the input side with the output side, which are preloaded against one another by spring devices, the input side, output side and rocker elements each having movement paths in which rolling elements are movably arranged, on the one hand the input side and the rocker elements and on the other hand connect the rocker elements and the output side with each other.

The torsional vibration damper can be used or used as a torque transmission device or as a component of a torque transmission device, in particular in a motor vehicle, preferably in the drive train of a motor vehicle.

The use of indefinite articles (“a”, “an”, “an” and “an”), particularly in the claims and the description reflecting them, is to be understood as such and not as a numeral. Correspondingly introduced terms or components are to be understood in such a way that they are present at least once and in particular can also be present several times.

As a precaution, it should be noted that the numerals used here (“first”, “second”, ...) primarily (only) serve to distinguish between several similar objects, sizes or processes, i.e. in particular no dependency and/or sequence of these objects, sizes or make processes mandatory for each other. Should a dependency and/or order be necessary, this is explicitly stated here or it is obvious to the person skilled in the art when studying the specifically described embodiment. If a component can occur several times (“at least one”), the description of one of these components can apply equally to all or part of the majority of these components, but this is not mandatory.

• 1: einen bekannten Torsionsschwingungsdämpfer in einer perspektivischen Ansicht im Schnitt;
• 2: einen Torsionsschwingungsdämpfer in einer perspektivischen Ansicht im Schnitt;
• 3: einen Ausschnitt des Torsionsschwingungsdämpfers nach 2 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht im Schnitt;
• 4: den Ausschnitt nach 3 in einer Seitenansicht im Schnitt;
• 5: einen Teil des Torsionsschwingungsdämpfers nach 2 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht im Schnitt;
• 6: den Torsionsschwingungsdämpfer nach 2 in einer Explosionsdarstellung in einer ersten perspektivischen Ansicht; und
• 7: den Torsionsschwingungsdämpfer nach 2 in einer Explosionsdarstellung in einer zweiten perspektivischen Ansicht.

The invention and the technical environment are described below with reference to the attached Figu explained in more detail. It should be pointed out that the invention should not be limited by the exemplary embodiments given. In particular, unless explicitly stated otherwise, it is also possible to extract partial aspects of the facts explained in the figures and to combine them with other components and findings from the present description. In particular, it should be pointed out that the figures and in particular the proportions shown are only schematic. Show it:

• 1 : a known torsional vibration damper in a perspective view in section;
• 2 : a torsional vibration damper in a perspective view in section;
• 3 : a section of the torsional vibration damper 2 in a perspective view in section;
• 4 : the snippet after 3 in a side view in section;
• 5 : part of the torsional vibration damper 2 in a perspective view in section;
• 6 : the torsional vibration damper 2 in an exploded view in a first perspective view; and
• 7 : the torsional vibration damper 2 in an exploded view in a second perspective view.

1 shows a known torsional vibration damper 1 in a perspective view in section. Torsional vibration damper 1 with axis of rotation 2 comprises an input side 3, an output side 5 that can be rotated in a circumferential direction 4 relative to input side 3, and at least one intermediate element 6, which is attached to at least one energy storage element 7 (cf 6 and 7 ) supported on at least one rolling body 8 is mounted swingably on at least one of the input side 3 and output side 5 and reduces rotational irregularities during operation.

In addition, the torsional vibration damper 1 includes a friction device 9 which can set different hysteresis depending on a rotation of the input side 3 relative to the output side 5 . Depending on the extent of the torsion between the input side 3 and the output side 5, you can switch between different damping characteristics and thus different hysteresis.

The friction device 9 comprises a first friction ring 10, a first plate spring 16 and a second friction ring 11. The first plate spring 16 is arranged along the axis of rotation 2 between the friction rings 10, 11. The first friction ring 10 is connected to the output side 5 without play in the circumferential direction 4 and forms the first friction point 13 with the input side 3 . The second friction ring 11 forms the second friction point 14 with the pressure plate 23, which is connected to the input side 3 without play.

The second friction ring 11 and the pressure plate 23 each have ramps 24 which together form a ramp device 25 by which the first hysteresis or the second hysteresis is set depending on the rotation of the input side 3 relative to the output side 5 .

The second friction ring 11 must be able to tilt and is therefore made of plastic, so that the coefficient of friction of the second friction point 14 between the second friction ring 11 and the pressure plate 23 made of a steel material is low. In order to generate a large hysteresis, a large contact pressure is therefore required, which generates a high surface pressure between the second friction ring 11 and the pressure plate 23 and thus high wear. Due to the high contact pressure, the pressure plate 23 must also be sufficiently stiff, resulting in increased production costs. With the larger hysteresis, the force of the first disk spring is very high, but the characteristic curve is very short. The ramp device 25 is therefore heavily loaded.

The play-free connection between the output side 5 and the first friction ring 10 is realized via the flange lug on the output side 5 . However, since this connection is made at a small distance from the axis of rotation 2, it is difficult to make a connection that is actually free of play.

2 shows a torsional vibration damper 1 in a perspective view in section. 3 shows a section of the torsional vibration damper 1 2 in a perspective view in section. 4 shows the section 3 in a side view in section. 5 shows a part of the torsional vibration damper 1 after 2 (here without pressure plate 23) in a perspective view in section. 6 shows the torsional vibration damper 1 2 in an exploded view in a first perspective view. 7 shows the torsional vibration damper 1 2 in an exploded view in a second perspective view. the 2 until 7 are described together below. On the comments on the 1 is referenced.

Torsional vibration damper 1 with axis of rotation 2 comprises an input side 3, an output side 5 that can be rotated relative to input side 3 in a circumferential direction 4, and at least one intermediate element 6, which is supported on at least one energy storage element 7 and can be oscillated on at least one rolling element 8 on at least one of input side 3 and output side 5 is mounted and reduces rotational irregularities during operation.

In addition, the torsional vibration damper 1 includes a friction device 9 which can set different hysteresis depending on a rotation of the input side 3 relative to the output side 5 . Depending on the extent of the torsion between the input side 3 and the output side 5, you can switch between different damping characteristics and thus different hysteresis.

The input side 3 forms a clutch disk of a friction clutch. A torque can thus be introduced via the clutch disc of the torsional vibration damper 1 and passed on to a hub part 31 via the output side 5 . The hub part 31 is used for. B. the connection of a transmission input shaft.

The friction device 9 has three friction rings 10, 11, 12, which are each arranged between the input side 3 and the output side 5 and form friction points 13, 14, 15.

The friction device 9 has a first cup spring 16 which has a first contact point 18, a second contact point 19 (only indicated) and a third contact point 20 arranged one after the other along a radial direction 17 from the inside to the outside and spaced apart from one another. The first disc spring 16 constantly contacts a first friction ring 10 at the innermost first contact point 18, a second friction ring 11 at the middle second contact point 19 (if the second disc spring 26 were not present) and at the outermost third contact point 20 a third friction ring 12. The first disc spring 16 contacts the first friction ring 10 and at least the third friction ring 12 during the first hysteresis and the first friction ring 10 and - if the second disc spring 26 were not present - also only the second friction ring 11 during the second hysteresis. Due to the second disc spring 26 the second contact point 19 between the first disk spring 16 and the second friction ring 11 is replaced by the fourth contact point 27 and the fifth contact point 28 .

The contact points 18, 19, 20 are on different radii to the axis of rotation. The first pad 18 at a smallest first radius and the third pad 20 at a largest third radius. The second contact point 19 accordingly on an intermediate second radius. The fourth contact point 27 lies on a fourth radius lying between the first radius and the third radius. The fifth contact point 28 lies on a fifth radius lying between the fourth radius and the third radius.

The first friction ring 10 is non-rotatably connected to the output side 5 . The first friction ring 10 is connected to the output side 5 essentially without play in relation to the circumferential direction 4 . This connection is realized via a bolt 29 connected to the output side 5 and extending through a larger opening in the input side 3 to the first friction ring 10 .

The first friction ring 10 forms a first friction point 13 with the input side 3 . When the input side 3 is rotated relative to the output side 5, the first friction ring 10 is rotated along with the output side 5 and rubs with the first friction point 13 on the input side 3. The first friction point 13 is at a very small first distance from the other friction points 14, 15 arranged to the axis of rotation 2.

The friction points 13 , 14 , 15 lie on different radii from one another or are arranged at different distances from the axis of rotation 2 . The first friction point 13 at a smallest first distance and the third friction point 15 at a greatest third distance. The second friction point 14 correspondingly at a second distance therebetween.

The first friction ring 10 has a plurality of first drivers 21 which extend along the axis of rotation 2 and via which the first plate spring 16 is connected to the first friction ring 10 in a rotationally fixed manner.

The first disc spring 16 is arranged directly adjacent to the first friction ring 10 along the axis of rotation 2 . The first cup spring 16 is arranged along the axis of rotation 2 between the first friction ring 10 and the other two friction rings 11, 12, ie the second friction ring 11 and the third friction ring 12. The second friction ring 11 and the third friction ring 12 are arranged adjacent to one another along the radial direction 17 and overlapping one another along the axis of rotation 2 .

The first friction ring 10 has a plurality of first drivers 21 extending along the axis of rotation 2, via which the second friction ring 11 is non-rotatably connected to the first friction ring 10 .

The third friction ring 12 has a plurality of second drivers 22 which extend along the axis of rotation 2 and via which the third friction ring 12 is connected to the first cup spring 16 in a torque-proof manner.

The friction device 9 has a pressure plate 23 which is non-rotatably connected to the output side 5 and which forms a second friction point 14 with the second friction ring 11 and a third friction point 15 with the third friction ring 12 . The pressure plate 23 and the third friction ring 12 each have ramps 24 which together form a ramp device 25 by which the first hysteresis or the second hysteresis is set depending on the rotation of the input side 3 relative to the output side 5 . Depending on the torsion, the first disc spring 16 presses either the second friction ring 11 or the third friction ring 12 against the pressure plate 23.

The pressure plate 23 is directly connected to the input side 3 via rivets 32 . The connections between the pressure plate 23 and the input side 3 are arranged outside of the friction rings 10, 11, 12 in the radial direction 17.

The friction rings 10, 11, 12 and the plate spring 16 are connected to one another without play in relation to the circumferential direction 4. The friction rings 10, 11, 12 and the plate spring 16 are connected to the output side 5. The pressure plate 23 is connected to the input side 3 without play.

The friction device 9 additionally has a second plate spring 26 which has a fourth contact point 27 and a fifth contact point 28 arranged one after the other along the radial direction 17 from the inside to the outside and spaced apart from one another. The second diaphragm spring 26 constantly contacts the first diaphragm spring 16 at the inner fourth contact point 27 and constantly contacts the second friction ring 11 at the outer fifth contact point 28. The fourth contact point 27 and fifth contact point 28 lie in the radial direction between the first contact point 18 and the third contact point 20

The second plate spring 26 is arranged along the axis of rotation 2 between the first plate spring 16 and the second friction ring 11 . The second plate spring 26 is arranged on the inside of the third friction ring 12 with respect to the radial direction 17 .

The ramp device 25 can be relieved via the second plate spring 26 . The second disc spring 26 exerts a force on the second friction ring 11 at each hysteresis, i. H. the second friction point 14 is also acted upon in the first hysteresis, in addition to the first friction point 13 and the third friction point 15 .

The first friction ring 10 has a plurality of first drivers 21 which extend along the axis of rotation 2 and via which the second plate spring 26 is connected to the first friction ring 10 in a rotationally fixed manner.

Due to the second friction ring 11, which is made in particular from a metallic material, a higher coefficient of friction can be produced at the second friction point 14, so that the contact pressure force of the first disc spring 16 can be reduced. As a result of the reduced contact pressure, the surface pressure and thus the wear can be reduced. As a result of the lower required contact pressure force, the plate spring characteristic curve of the first plate spring 16 can also be lengthened. The ramp device 25 is also further relieved due to the third contact point 20 only being present there, so that the wear is reduced.

In the 1 Flange nose 30 shown is replaced here by bolts 29 onto which first friction ring 10 can be pressed. A play-free arrangement of the first friction ring 10 is thus possible. The bolts 29 are also arranged on a larger diameter than the flange nose 30, so that there is less angular play and play in the arrangement with as little play as possible can be further reduced.

Reference List

1

torsional vibration damper

2

axis of rotation

3

entry page

4

circumferential direction

5

exit page

6

intermediate element

7

energy storage element

8th

rolling elements

9

friction device

10

first friction ring

11

second friction ring

12

third friction ring

13

first friction point

14

second friction point

15

third friction point

16

first disc spring

17

radial direction

18

first point of contact

19

second point of contact

20

third point of contact

21

first taker

22

second driver

23

pressure plate

24

ramp

25

ramp facility

26

second disc spring

27

fourth point of contact

28

fifth point of contact

29

bolt

30

flange nose

31

hub part

32

rivet

Claims (7)

Torsional vibration damper (1) of a torque transmission device, with an axis of rotation (2), at least comprising an input side (3), an output side (5) which can be rotated in a circumferential direction (4) relative to the input side (3), and at least one intermediate element (6) which is at least one energy storage element (7), supported on at least one rolling element (8), is mounted swingably on at least one of the input side (3) and output side (5) and reduces rotational irregularities during operation of the torsional vibration damper (1), and also a friction device (9), which has at least a first hysteresis and a second hysteresis depending on a rotation of the input side (3) relative to the output side (5); wherein the friction device (9) has at least three friction rings (10, 11, 12), which are each arranged between the input side (3) and the output side (5) and form friction points (13, 14, 15), characterized in that the Friction device (9) has at least one first disc spring (16) which, along a radial direction (17) from the inside to the outside and spaced apart from one another, has a first contact point (18), a second contact point (19) and a third contact point (20) having; wherein the first disc spring (16) constantly contacts a first friction ring (10) at the innermost first contact point (18), a second friction ring (11) at the middle second contact point (19) and a third friction ring at the outermost third contact point (20). (12) contacted; wherein the first disc spring (16) contacts the first friction ring (10) and at least the third friction ring (12) during the first hysteresis and the first friction ring (10) and additionally only the second friction ring (11) during the second hysteresis. Torsional vibration damper (1). claim 1 , wherein the first friction ring (10) is non-rotatably connected to one of the input side (3) or output side (5). Torsional vibration damper (1). claim 2 , wherein the first friction ring (10) forms a first friction point (13) with the other of the input side (3) and output side (5). Torsional vibration damper (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the first friction ring (10) has at least one first driver (21) which extends along the axis of rotation (2) and via which the first plate spring (16) is non-rotatably connected to the first friction ring (10). connected is. Torsional vibration damper (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the first friction ring (10) has at least one first driver (21) which extends along the axis of rotation (2) and via which the second friction ring (11) is non-rotatably connected to the first friction ring (10). connected is. Torsional vibration damper (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the third friction ring (12) has at least one second driver (22) which extends along the axis of rotation (2) and via which the third friction ring (12) is non-rotatably connected to the first plate spring (16). connected is. Torsional vibration damper (1) according to one of the preceding claims 2 until 6 , wherein the friction device (9) has a pressure plate (23) which is non-rotatably connected to the other of the input side (3) and output side (5) and which has a second friction point (14) with the second friction ring (11) and a second friction point (14) with the third Friction ring (12) forms a third friction point (15); the pressure plate (23) and the third friction ring (12) each having ramps (24) which together form a ramp device (25) through which, depending on the rotation of the input side (3) relative to the output side (5), the first hysteresis or the second hysteresis is set.

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