DE102021004704A1 - Plant and method for the continuous production of material panels and a test device and test method for determining at least one material parameter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a plant for the continuous production of material panels and a method for operating such a plant with a continuously operating press, the plant at least comprising a prefabrication for creating a pressing material mat suitable for pressing, a continuously operating press (1) for pressing the pressing material mat into a material panel strand (2) and a finishing line for processing the material panel strand (2) emerging from the press, wherein in the finishing line (10) at least one diagonal saw (3) for dividing the material panel strand (2) into material panels (4), a stacking device ( 17) for the material plates (4) and a transport device (11) connecting them, a lock (5) for separating a laboratory plate (7) being arranged on the transport device (11). The object of the present invention is to enable a fast, direct and high-quality test of the quality of the material panel during or alongside production. The invention for the system consists in that the lock (5) is operatively connected to a test unit (6) and a test device (8, 9) for a material test (1620) of the laboratory plate (7) is arranged in the test unit (6). A test device and a test method for a material panel (1620) are also proposed.

Description

The invention relates to a plant for the continuous production of material panels with a continuously operating press according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
The invention also relates to a method for determining at least one material parameter in the course of the production of material panels in a plant according to the preamble of patent claim 13.
Furthermore, the invention relates to a test device and a test method for a material panel according to the preambles of patent claims 24 and 25.

The production of material panels by pressing free-flowing or scattered material in calender, cycle or double belt presses is known prior art. Mixtures of lignocellulose-containing materials such as wood, woody plants or annual plants are scattered with or without binders in one or more layers and cured with pressure and/or heat to form stable panels. The material panels can certainly be pliable or flexible (thin MDF panels made of fibres), but still have a certain inherent rigidity when subjected to pressure. There are also material boards for furniture construction, mostly chipboard (usually multi-layered and laminated with foil) or so-called coarse chipboard (OSB) made of flat chips. Substitution with plastics, waste wood or other fillers is common.

Due to the natural educt and the other fractions that may be mixed in differently, such as old wood content, lignin content,... it is common for large-scale industrial production to experience fluctuations in quality. Start-up operations or product changes during ongoing production can also lead to fluctuations in quality. Usually, so-called laboratory plates of smaller size are discarded during production, which first have to be specially air-conditioned, post-treated or prepared in laboratories in order to be able to subject them to a quality-determining examination. The necessary preparations are usually carried out manually, sometimes even much later after the collection of a large number of laboratory plates. These tests are usually destructive, since test specimens must be taken from the laboratory plate and tested in suitable test apparatus.

It is also known, after the material has been pressed to form a material panel, to examine this non-destructively in order to determine values such as moisture, basis weight over length and width, dimensional accuracy, and surface properties. Valuable conclusions for the production parameters to be set can be obtained from these values and these can also be used to a limited extent to determine strength properties. However, there are such high inaccuracies, for example for the transverse tensile strength of a material panel, that lengthy laboratory tests are still necessary.

In the production of wood fiber insulation boards are from the EP 0 825 438 A2 or the DE 10 2016 015 519 A1 non-destructive method for determining the strength has become known, which is intended to correlate a strength value via a reversible compression of a flexible wood fiber insulation board and the necessary compression work. This method is not suitable for solid material panels, since reversible compression cannot be carried out here. A main difference between the flexible wood fiber insulation boards and the "hard" material boards is the density. Flexible wood fiber insulation boards usually have a bulk density of 40-80 kg/m ³ , harder, partially walkable or solid wood fiber insulation boards have a density of 110-250 kg/m ³ .

EP 0 841 554 A2 and U.S. 5,583,298 A show non-destructive bending tests for finished panels or a string of panels. The disadvantage of the EP is that the testing device cannot be adapted to different formats, or can only be adapted with great difficulty. Plates can slip through the different openings and block the system. It is also problematic that plates which are still hot react unfavorably to bending immediately after the press and this may be taken over plastically. It also cannot be ruled out that a large number of chemical compounds will break down again while the product is still warm and that the quality per se will be deteriorated by the test scheme.

In today's practice, despite the above-described options in the prior art, with only plastically deformable material boards, such as HDF, MDF, OSB, chipboard, quality control consists in a laboratory cut being made and predefined quality parameters being determined later. These include physical properties such as flexural, transverse tensile and lifting strength, as well as formaldehyde emissions. As a rule, quality control only takes place one to three times in 24 hours in an internal and/or external certified laboratory for materials testing. There are now individual devices for laboratory work that attempt to increase the frequency of test runs and relieve laboratory technicians of documentation and data transmission work. Nevertheless, the standardized test procedures very complex and are themselves subject to strict documentation requirements and quality controls.

The object of the present invention is to create a device and a method that allow fast, direct testing and the highest possible quality testing during or alongside production. In an extension of the task, a test method is to be created which, through a simple test, can provide conclusions about the bending and transverse tensile strength and possibly also the density profile. In particular, it is intended to use this device and the method to support the training of a self-learning quality prediction model in which the quality data frequency can be increased during production and the training of self-learning artificial intelligences can thus be optimized.

In this context, but also independently implementable, a test device and a test method are to be created with which it is possible to draw conclusions about the properties and/or the quality of a material panel in a simple manner.

A generic system, from which the invention is based, relates to a system for the continuous production of material panels with a continuously operating press, the system at least comprising a prefabrication for creating a pressing material mat suitable for pressing, a continuously operating press for pressing the pressing material mat into a material panel strand and a finishing line for processing the strand of material panels emerging from the press, with at least one diagonal saw for dividing the strand of material panels into material panels, a stacking device for the material panels and a transport device connecting them being arranged in the finishing line, with a lock for separating a laboratory panel being arranged on the transport device is,

The object of the invention is achieved in that the lock is operatively connected to a test unit and a test device for material testing of the laboratory plate is arranged in the test unit.

The invention can preferably be used in the production of solid fiberboard, hardboard, medium-density fiberboard (MDF), medium-hard fiberboard, coarse particle board (OSB), preferably for furniture construction, formwork, load-bearing trades and the like. The invention is therefore preferably used in material panels which have a bulk density of more than 250 kg/m ³ after pressing. In this case, the material panels cannot have a completely flat rigidity, but there should be a certain compressive strength with appropriate support. For example, rigid chipboard or OSB boards should be included, as well as flexible but pressure-resistant MDF boards, traditionally used as thin back panels for furniture.

The material tests to be carried out, which according to the invention can be carried out in the test unit, preferably relate to one or more of the following properties of a material panel: lifting strength (N/mm ² ), flat flexural modulus (N/mm ² ), flexural E modulus upright (N/mm ² ), flexural strength flat (N/mm ² ), flexural strength upright (N/mm ² ), block shear strength (N/mm ² ), Brinell hardness, compressive modulus of elasticity in the panel plane (N/mm ² ), compressive strength in the plane of the board (N/mm ² ), transverse tensile strength dry (N/mm ² ), bulk density (kg/m ³ ), shear strength perpendicular to the plane of the board (N/mm ² ), tensile modulus of elasticity in the plane of the board (N/ mm ² ) and/or in-plane tensile strength (N/mm ² ).

With the help of the qualitative quick test within the final production, at least a rough quality determination can be carried out at any time, which is available within a very short time. Based on the results, the system operator can adjust the production parameters of his system accordingly and thus avoid rejects at an early stage or save raw materials such as binding agents and wood. This not only applies to low-quality production, but also to high-quality production that exceeds the necessary or specified quality parameters due to the use of too much material.

Using the invention in combination with a quality prediction model brings further advantages. The higher quality data frequency can speed up the training of a neural network or an AI and increase the accuracy of the quality prediction model. This enables real-time adjustment of the production parameters and optimization of the production process and forms the basis for the vision of a "self-propelled and self-optimizing system".

In a particularly advantageous manner, it can be conceivable to use the parameters determined with simplified or alternative measurement methods instead of the parameters from standardized, cumbersome measurement methods (standardized production of standardized test specimens) to determine the quality of the material panel, in particular to optimize ongoing production . Surprisingly, it has been shown that the omission of standard test specimens for the implementation of work Material tests with regard to various material properties are negligible and/or can be compensated for using a correction factor.

It should be emphasized that the measurement methods and their results do not necessarily have to meet the specified or standardized quality requirements for material panels, but are preferably sufficient to show the quality to be expected of the material panels currently being produced, in particular with regard to the currently used parameters of the previous plant parts, to estimate. Especially in the case of self-learning systems in a production plant, the shortening of the feedback time for the results to be expected is advantageous.

At least one evaluation unit is preferably operatively connected to the testing device, which is suitable for generating a material parameter of the laboratory panel and/or the material panel produced in real time from the measured values generated by the testing device.

The material panels produced and the laboratory panel to be tested are preferably provided with a time stamp in order to be able to assign the measured values of the laboratory panel to the material panels produced in a correspondingly timely manner. Particularly preferably, the stacks of material panels produced can each be combined with a laboratory panel and associated rapid quality check and stored digitally.

Despite the quick check, it makes sense to continue to check a laboratory plate or laboratory section in full in a proper laboratory that meets the technical specifications and to obtain the final quality values there until the system has been established.

Alternatively or cumulatively, it is provided that the evaluation unit is connected to the controller of the system for visualizing the material parameters, for example in order to inform a system operator or a local entity, which may be electronic. Furthermore, it can be useful to connect the evaluation unit to databases or computing units to determine the material parameters of the material panels (produced close to the laboratory panel) or to transmit data. The evaluation unit is particularly preferably operatively connected to a preferably self-learning system for optimizing or adjusting production processes in the installation. In this case, the increased frequency of quality data compared to the prior art can be used to improve the training of a self-learning electronic instance.

Means for positioning and/or clamping the laboratory plate are preferably arranged in the test unit. This promotes the standardization and comparability of the measurement results.

Test devices for non-destructive and/or destructive material testing can be arranged in the test unit. Non-destructive testing methods are also known from the prior art within the transport device of the final production, for example moisture, temperature or radiation measurements for the basis weight. However, some measuring methods are very sensitive and can best be carried out on a stationary object, so that non-destructive testing methods can also be used in the test unit.

In a preferred embodiment, at least a drilling device, a bending device, a pressure device for the surfaces and/or the narrow sides, a screw insertion and extraction device, and/or a (pressing) breaking device can be arranged as the testing device. A pressure device is also understood to mean when machine elements, for example mandrels, are preferably moved in the direction of the narrow sides, and the pressure is preferably measured over a bend, a certain penetration depth. A fracture and/or the associated drop in pressure can also be determined here, in particular in order to determine a parameter of the material panel or the laboratory panel from this.

In principle, it can be advantageous if the testing devices are arranged several times over the width of the laboratory panel or the material panel strand, in order to be able to measure these, for example, in the case of desired different densities or properties across the width. These can also be arranged several times along the length, that is to say along the previous long sides of the strand of material panels. This multiple arrangement can also mean that several spaced test locations can be provided for a test device in a consecutive test sample. In the case of costly test devices, it may make sense to arrange them so that they can be moved in the test unit in order to be able to carry out the material tests in series at different locations on the laboratory plate and/or to adapt them to different geometries of the manufactured product and thus to the size of the laboratory plate. Alternatively, the laboratory plate can be slidably arranged in the test unit in order to be able to engage stationary test devices at different points on the laboratory plate.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, at least one mandrel that can be driven into one of the narrow sides of the laboratory plate can be arranged as the testing device, with the mandrel on sides the laboratory plate preferably has a conical or pyramidal tip. The person skilled in the art will know how to use the necessary measuring sensors for the force curve, the displacement and the like as well as the necessary control technology and electronic components for the processing based on his experience in measuring technology.

The mandrel is preferably moved up to a certain penetration depth and/or up to a fracture reaction on the surface or the laboratory plate; the depth of penetration up to breakage or the forces proportional to the depth of penetration/breakage in the case of the laboratory plate are measured and used to determine the material parameters of the material plate, based on empirical values in tables or conversion models/systems.

Alternatively or cumulatively, at least one, preferably standardized, pressure body acting on the surface side of the laboratory plate can be arranged as a testing device, which is suitable for bending the laboratory plate, preferably to the point of breaking, with at least one support 20 being arranged opposite the element. The selection of whether a laboratory panel is pushed through between two supports or only part of the laboratory panel, supported on one side, is bent, must be determined on site and also depends on the current production width and/or the production type.

Alternatively or cumulatively, the test unit can be operatively connected or automated to one or more other laboratory systems, preferably modular for different types of production and test. It may well make sense to automate the complex laboratory activities that include air conditioning and/or cutting and preparing test specimens from a laboratory panel. Depending on the effort, however, it may be sufficient to just cut out the test specimens from the laboratory panel and, if necessary, to condition them, so that staff is able to hand over several prepared test specimens, for example per hour, to a laboratory unit for evaluation.

In this case, it can be useful to arrange means for preparing the laboratory panel, which would preferably be means for cutting, for air conditioning and/or for marking the laboratory panel and/or the blank.

Overall, markings can help to simplify the documentation of the measured values.

The test unit is preferably arranged below the transport device. In order to save on actuators that require maintenance, it can make sense to transfer the laboratory plate, starting from the lock 5, into the test unit mainly by gravity. The test unit can also be designed in stages, so that the laboratory plate can simply slide from one stop to the next after a test procedure.

It can also be an advantage if the test unit or a test area is arranged in an operatively connected manner with a disposal facility for the disposal of fragments or the laboratory plate. Disposal can be through a plate crusher or plate waste container.

Alternatively or cumulatively, the lock is directly connected to the diagonal saw or up to and including the stacker, preferably for the removal of a laboratory panel that is geometrically smaller than the material panels to be produced. In particular, when a system is retrofitted, it can be provided that the laboratory plate is not separated until later in the final production or that one laboratory plate is generated for each stack. With an 8-foot system and a length of 5 m, a stack corresponds to a stacking plate with a height of 2 m and approximately 25 m ³ .

The following circumstances should preferably be taken into account for the findings from the direct material testing online in the production line: The cooling gradient could differ compared to the real material panel production. It should be noted that a "still relatively warm" material panel is being tested. The results from the materials test may therefore have to be provided with a correction factor that reflects this difference. This could also be used if the plate is tested warmer than the ambient temperature. Under certain circumstances, other or new binders should be considered, or binders which have sufficient adhesive forces compared to the vapor pressure within the material panel after the press, but which harden after or fully harden in the course of artificial aging or only later, usually after stacking.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, a test unit for quick and uncomplicated test methods on the laboratory plate is provided in the system, with the areas of the laboratory plate already damaged by the test method then being separated, a standardized test specimen preferably being cut out and issued for further use in a laboratory system . A suitable laboratory system is most preferably arranged in an automated, operatively connected manner. Provision can be made for the laboratory plates, parts thereof or a standardized test specimen to be automatically transferred to the laboratory system or to be prepared beforehand in an automated manner in order to meet the usual standards for materials testing.

The tested laboratory plate is particularly preferably prepared after the test unit, for example damaged areas are cut off or the laboratory plate is cut to size. The resulting test specimens can then be air-conditioned, so that time can be saved here for later use in a laboratory.

• Bei einem Eindring-Bruchtest wird ein Dorn über eine der vier Schmalseiten, parallel zu den beiden Flächenseiten, in die Werkstoffplatte eingefahren, die Wegstrecke nach Kontakt bis zum Bruch und/oder der Kraftverlauf bis zum Bruch gemessen, aufgezeichnet und ausgewertet.
• Bei einem Biege-Bruchtest wird die Laborplatte einseitig eingespannt oder mittels zwei Auflagern gehalten. Die Strecke für die einseitige Lagerung bzw. zwischen den beiden Auflagern sollte dabei festgelegt und vergleichbar sein, insbesondere für verschiedene Plattenarten oder -stärken.

With regard to the test methods, the following variants have proven themselves in bending and fracture tests:

• In a penetration fracture test, a mandrel is driven into the material panel via one of the four narrow sides, parallel to the two surface sides, the distance from contact until fracture and/or the force curve until fracture is measured, recorded and evaluated.
• In a bending-breaking test, the laboratory panel is clamped on one side or held by two supports. The distance for the one-sided support or between the two supports should be specified and comparable, especially for different panel types or thicknesses.

The method is generically based on a method for determining at least one material parameter in the course of the production of material panels in a plant in which at least one prefabrication for creating a mat of pressed material suitable for pressing, a continuously operating press and a finishing line for processing one of the the material panel strand emerging from the press is present, with the material panel strand being divided into material panels in the final production at least by a diagonal saw, the material panels stacked with a stacking device and the material panels being transported from the press through the diagonal saw to the stacking device with a transport device.

The invention for the method is that in the final production, a laboratory panel is separated through a lock, fed to a test unit and subjected to at least one material test in the test unit with a test device to determine a measured value and/or to determine a material parameter.

Advantageously, the method according to the invention also enables hard material panels, which may have to be tested destructively, to provide early high-quality feedback on the existing quality, in that a laboratory panel can be tested ad hoc in the final production area. The invention has surprisingly recognized that destructive fracture analysis, in particular over the narrow sides, provides high-quality and comparable measurement results that can be transferred to the material panels produced in real time.

The diagonal saw will preferably separate a laboratory panel from the strand of material panels that has smaller dimensions than the stackable material panel. This avoids material waste and facilitates the automated handling of the laboratory plate.

It is advantageous if the laboratory plate is positioned and/or clamped in the test unit, in particular if it is subjected to a non-destructive and/or destructive material test in the test unit.

• Es wird eine Bohrung in die Laborplatte zur Ermittlung des notwendigen Stroms oder des Drehmoments durchgeführt. Es wird die die Laborplatte bis oder über den Bruch hinaus gebogen. In die Laborplatte kann, bevorzugt eine selbstschneidende, Schraube eingebracht werden und ggfs. zur Ermittlung der Auszugskräfte wieder herausgezogen werden. Auf die Oberflächen (Flächenseitig) der Laborplatte können zu vermessende Abdrücke mit Normkörpern und/oder Normkräften erstellt werden, welche ausgewertet werden und/oder die Bruchfestigkeit, bevorzugt der Mittelschicht, wird ermittelt.

The following methods are particularly preferred for materials testing:

• A hole is drilled into the laboratory plate to determine the necessary current or torque. The laboratory plate is bent up to or beyond the break. A screw, preferably a self-tapping screw, can be inserted into the laboratory plate and, if necessary, pulled out again to determine the pull-out forces. Impressions to be measured can be made on the surfaces (surface side) of the laboratory plate using standard bodies and/or standard forces, which are evaluated and/or the breaking strength, preferably of the middle layer, is determined.

For the breaking strength, preferably of the middle layer, of the laboratory plate, a mandrel, preferably with a conical or pyramidal tip, operatively connected to a corresponding measuring transducer is inserted into a narrow side of the test specimen to a predetermined depth and/or until breaking. The measured values over the time/displacement process and the necessary pressure are recorded and evaluated. Preference is given to recording tactile, audio-technical, visual, sound or vibration and the necessary pressure over time.

Alternatively or cumulatively, the or from the measured values from the laboratory panel are calculated in an evaluation unit material parameters of the material panels produced promptly for the laboratory panel and/or converted via value tables, preferably based on empirical values, to material parameters of the material panel produced promptly.

Alternatively or cumulatively, the values of the material panels produced can be correlated and/or calculated, in particular using data tables or other empirical values from earlier products ments for which feedback from the laboratory is available for comparison.

Alternatively or cumulatively, it can be provided that a laboratory panel in the test station and a laboratory panel in the laboratory system are tested alternately or in a predetermined grid. The laboratory plate is preferably automatically air-conditioned for the laboratory system, marked and/or divided into test specimens to specified dimensions. It can be advantageous if they are automatically transferred to the laboratory system and processed or checked there.

Alternatively or cumulatively, the laboratory plate can be handed over to documentation and/or disposal after it has been used in the test unit and/or in the laboratory system. This can also only apply to individual parts that have arisen during the cutting or during the breakage tests.

An evaluation unit can preferably forward data to the controller of the system for visualizing the material parameters and/or to arithmetic units or databases for comparing or determining the material parameters of the laboratory panel and/or the material panels produced in a timely manner. The data is particularly preferably transferred to a preferably self-learning system for optimizing or setting production parameters of the installation.

Provision is particularly preferably made for the laboratory panel to be automatically cut to the test specimen size corresponding to the standard for the corresponding material test before and/or in the test unit or laboratory system.

In addition to the above aspects, it has surprisingly turned out that the test methods and devices presented in the invention described above can also be used sensibly and commercially independently and independently of the production of material panels. For example, in the production of cycle presses or quality control for customers of suppliers of material panels.

• In der Testvorrichtung ist ein Auflager für eine Werkstoffplatte und als Prüfvorrichtung zumindest ein in eine der Schmalseiten einfahrbarer Dorn angeordnet, wobei der Dorn auf Seiten der Werkstoffplatte, bevorzugt konisch oder pyramidenförmig, eine Spitze aufweist

und/oder
als Prüfvorrichtung ist zumindest ein auf eine Flächenseite der Laborplatte wirkender, bevorzugt normierter, Druckkörper angeordnet ist, welcher die Werkstoffplatte, bevorzugt bis zum Bruch, verbiegt,
wobei in der Prüfvorrichtung zumindest ein Weg-, Zeit- und/oder Kraftaufnehmer, bevorzugt in Wirkverbindung mit einem Auswerteeinheit angeordnet ist.For this purpose, the following structure is proposed for a test device for material testing of a material panel with two flat sides and four narrow sides:

• A support for a material panel is arranged in the test device and at least one mandrel that can be moved into one of the narrow sides is arranged as a test device, the mandrel having a tip on the side of the material panel, preferably conical or pyramid-shaped

and or
at least one pressure body, preferably standardized, acting on one surface side of the laboratory plate is arranged as the testing device, which bends the material plate, preferably until it breaks,
at least one displacement, time and/or force transducer being arranged in the testing device, preferably in operative connection with an evaluation unit.

A possible test method for material testing of a material panel with two flat sides and four narrow sides using a test device is then characterized in that a material panel is placed on a support in a test device and
a mandrel is inserted into at least one of the narrow sides of the laboratory plate by a testing device, the mandrel preferably having a conical or pyramid-shaped tip on the side of the laboratory plate and/or a preferably standardized pressure body is moved by a testing device against at least one surface side of the laboratory plate, which is suitable for bending the laboratory plate, preferably until it breaks,
the distance, the time and/or the force being registered in the test device and preferably evaluated using an evaluation unit.

It should also be pointed out here that the mandrel for driving into the narrow sides is preferably narrower than the thickness of the narrow side and should particularly preferably be narrower than a middle layer of the material panel. In terms of the “tip” of the mandrel, other geometries, in particular non-pointed ones, can also be provided, since the word “pointed” per se refers to the penetration side of the mandrel and is not intended to directly express the geometric shape.

Further advantageous measures and configurations of the subject matter of the invention emerge from the subclaims and the following description with drawing 1620 .

• 1 in einer schematische Schnittansicht von der Seite einen Teil einer Anlage von der Presse bis zur Stapelvorrichtung mit einer Schleuse und einer Testeinheit zur Werkstoffprüfung für eine Laborplatte und nach
• 2 in einer schematischen Draufsicht einen Teil der Testeinheit nach 1.

Show it:

• 1 in a schematic sectional view from the side part of a system from the press to the stacking device with a lock and a test unit for material testing for a laboratory plate and after
• 2 a part of the test unit in a schematic plan view 1 .

The same reference symbols denote the same or similar parts of the device. 1 shows a schematic sectional view from the side with a part of a system from the press 1 to the stacking device 17 with a lock 5 and a test unit 6 for material testing from the Transport device 11 excreted laboratory plate 7. The conventional and known from the prior art preparation of the material and production of a pressed material mat was not shown for lack of relevance. After the press 1 , the strand of material panels 2 is transferred to a transport device 11 . This guides the strand of material panels 2 through one or more diagonal saws 3 to the separation of material panels 4. Plant parts that are not essential to the invention but are customary, such as trimming, surface grinding, cooling star turner, visual inspection and much more have not been shown. After the material panels 4 have been separated from the material panel strand 2, the material panels are stacked in a stacking device 17 and stored in stacks. The area from press 1 to the stacking device is commonly understood as finishing 10.

At regular intervals or at the request of the operator, the diagonal saw 3 will create a laboratory panel 7 which is usually shorter than the material panels 4 to be stacked. In the exemplary embodiment, some transport rollers (double arrow) fold down and transfer the laboratory plate 7 to a chute or corresponding conveyor devices. The laboratory plate 7 then reaches a stop 22 and is subjected to a material test by one or more test devices 8, 9. It is advantageous if the laboratory plate 7 is positioned and/or clamped here. After the test, the laboratory plate 7, which is usually partially destroyed, can be transferred directly to disposal 16, for example by the stop 22 swinging out. Alternatively, a transport device can swing in and transfer the laboratory plate or parts thereof to a processing unit 15 and/or a laboratory system 14 . The test area 19 with the test unit 6 is mainly located below the transport device 11, but can also be formed in parts on the side or above corresponding conveyor devices.

In 2 a plan view of an exemplary test unit 6 is shown. The width of the laboratory plate is supported on the supports 20. Schematic test devices 8 are shown on the upper and right narrow side, which can insert a mandrel 13 into the laboratory plate 7 via actuators (double arrows) that are not shown, preferably until the surface side/surface of the laboratory plate breaks. These breaks are local and the measured values or the pressure profile over time can be mapped to the breaking strength of the laboratory plate 7 or a material plate 4 . For a bending test, the test devices 9 are arranged, which can either be mounted on one side on the left over the cantilever arm of section 18 and carry out a bending test, preferably up to breakage, or a breakage test by introducing forces onto the surface between two supports 20 along section 18. The forces are usually introduced into the laboratory plate 7 by a standardized pressure body 21 . The fracture results in a plastic deformation of at least part of the laboratory panel 7. It may be useful to provide an ejection device that can hand over the destroyed laboratory panel 7 to disposal 16.

The active connection of the evaluation unit 12 to the individual machine elements or test devices 8, 9 of the test unit 6 is also shown schematically. Depending on requirements, the evaluation unit will be connected, for example, to press 1 or to the control station of the plant in order to display the measurement results there or to control production accordingly. The data from the evaluation unit is particularly preferably used to make suggestions for improving production 1620 to the operating personnel of the plant.

reference list

1

Press

2

strand of material panels

3

diagonal saw

4

material plate

5

sluice

6

test unit

7

laboratory plate

8th

testing device

9

testing device

10

finishing

11

transport device

12

evaluation unit

13

mandrel

14

laboratory facility

15

processing

16

disposal

17

stacking device

18

Route

19

test area

20

overlay of 6

21

pressure hull

22

attack

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• EP 0825438 A2 [0005]
• DE 102016015519 A1 [0005]
• EP 0841554 A2 [0006]
• US5583298A [0006]

Claims (25)

Plant for the continuous production of material panels with a continuously operating press, the plant at least comprising a prefabrication for producing a pressing material mat suitable for pressing, a continuously operating press (1) for pressing the pressing material mat into a material panel strand (2) and a finishing line for processing the material panel strand (2) emerging from the press, wherein in the final production (10) at least one diagonal saw (3) for dividing the material panel strand (2) into material panels (4), a stacking device (17) for the material panels (4) and a device connecting them transport device (11), a lock (5) for separating a laboratory plate (7) being arranged on the transport device (11), characterized in that the lock (5) is operatively connected to a test unit (6) and in the test unit (6) a testing device (8, 9) for material testing of the laboratory panel (7) a is arranged. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one evaluation unit (12) is operatively connected to the testing device (8, 9), which is suitable for determining a material parameter of the laboratory plate (6 ) and/or to generate the material panel (4) produced in a timely manner. System at least according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the evaluation unit (12) with the controller of the system for visualizing the material parameters and/or with databases or computing units for determining the material parameters of the material panels (4) and/or with one, preferably self-learning, system for optimizing or setting production processes of the plant is actively connected. Installation at least according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means for positioning and/or clamping the laboratory plate are arranged in the test unit (6). Installation at least according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that test devices (8, 9) for non-destructive and/or destructive material testing are arranged in the test unit (6). System according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a drilling device, a bending device, a pressure device for the surfaces and/or the narrow sides, a screw insertion and extraction device, and/or a breaking device is arranged as the testing device (8, 9). . Plant at least according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one mandrel (13) which can be moved into one of the narrow sides of the laboratory plate (7) is arranged as the testing device (8, 9), the mandrel (13) being on the side of the laboratory plate (7 ) preferably has a conical or pyramidal tip. System at least according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one, preferably standardized, pressure body (21) acting on the surface side of the laboratory plate (7) is arranged as the testing device (8, 9), which is suitable for the laboratory plate (7), preferably to the point of breaking, at least one support (20) being arranged opposite the element. System at least according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the test unit (6) is operatively connected or automated to one or more further laboratory systems (14), preferably modular for different types of production and testing. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means for processing (15) the laboratory plate (7) are provided, which preferably means for cutting, for air conditioning and/or for marking the laboratory plate and/or the blank are provided for documentation and/or for use in further material testing in laboratory systems (14). System at least according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the test unit (6) is arranged below the transport device (11) and the test unit (6) is preferably arranged in such a way that the laboratory plate (7), starting from the lock (5), is predominantly gets into the test unit (6) by gravity. Plant at least according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the test unit (6) or a test area (19) are arranged in an operatively connected manner with a disposal (16) for the disposal of fragments or the laboratory plate (7). Plant at least according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lock (6) directly with the diagonal saw or is arranged in an operatively connected manner with the stacking (17), preferably for the removal of a geometrically smaller laboratory panel (6) than the material panels (4) to be produced. Method for determining at least one material parameter in the course of the production of material panels in a plant with at least one prefabrication for creating a pressed material mat suitable for pressing, a continuously operating press (1) and a final production (10) for processing a material panel strand emerging from the press ( 2), wherein in the final production the material panel strand (2) is divided into material panels (4) at least by a diagonal saw (3), the material panels (4) are stacked with a stacking device (17) and the material panels (4) are removed from the press (1) are transported by the diagonal saw (3) to the stacking device (17) with a transport device (11), characterized in that in the final production a laboratory panel (7) is separated through a lock (5), fed to a test unit (6) and in the Test unit (6) at least one material test with a test device (8, 9) for determining a measured value un d/or is subjected to the determination of a material parameter. Method according to the preceding method claim, characterized in that the diagonal saw (3) separates a laboratory panel (7) from the strand of material panels (2) which has smaller dimensions than the stackable material panel (4). Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the laboratory plate (7) is positioned and/or clamped in the test unit (6). Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the laboratory plate (7) is subjected to a non-destructive and/or destructive material test. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that for the material test - a bore is drilled into the laboratory plate (7) to determine the necessary current or torque, - the laboratory plate (7) is bent to or beyond the fracture, - in the laboratory plate (7), preferably a self-tapping screw, is inserted and pulled out to determine the pull-out forces, - impressions to be measured are made on the surfaces of the laboratory plate (7) with standard bodies and/or standard forces and/or - the breaking strength, preferably of the middle layer , is determined. Method according to the preceding method claims, characterized in that the breaking strength, preferably of the middle layer, of the laboratory plate (6) is measured by inserting a mandrel, preferably with a conical or pyramid-shaped tip, operatively connected to a measuring sensor into a narrow side of the test specimen up to a predetermined depth and/or until it breaks. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the or from the measured values from the laboratory panel (7) are calculated in an evaluation unit (12) material parameters of the material panels (4) produced promptly and/or using value tables for material parameters, preferably based on empirical values of the material panel (4) produced in a timely manner and/or of the material panels produced are correlated and/or calculated. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that a laboratory panel (7) in the test station (6) and a laboratory panel (7) in the laboratory system (14) are tested alternately or in a predetermined grid, and/or the laboratory panel ( 7) for the laboratory system (14) is air-conditioned, marked and/or divided into specified dimensions for test specimens and most preferably automatically transferred to the laboratory system (14) and processed there. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the laboratory plate (7) is handed over to documentation and/or disposal (16) after it has been used in the test unit (6) and/or in the laboratory system (14). Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the evaluation unit (12) sends data to the control system of the system for visualizing the material parameters and/or to computing units or databases for comparing or determining the material parameters of the laboratory plate (7) and/or those produced in real time Material panels (4) and / or to a, preferably self-learning, system for optimizing or setting production parameters of the system passes. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the laboratory panel (7) for the corresponding material test is automatically cut to the test body size corresponding to the standard before and/or in the test unit (6) or laboratory system (14). Test device for testing the material of a material panel with two surface sides and four narrow sides, characterized in that a support (20) for a material panel is arranged in the test device and at least one mandrel (13) that can be inserted into one of the narrow sides is arranged as a test device (8, 9), wherein the mandrel (13) has a tip on the side of the material panel, preferably conical or pyramid-shaped, and/or at least one, preferably standardized, pressure body (21) acting on one surface side of the laboratory panel (7) is arranged as the testing device (8, 9), which bends the material plate, preferably to the point of breaking, at least one displacement, time and/or force sensor, preferably in operative connection with an evaluation unit, being arranged in the testing device (8, 9). Test method for material testing of a material panel with two flat sides and four narrow sides using a test device, characterized in that a material panel is placed on a support (20) in the test device and is inserted into at least one of the narrow sides of the laboratory panel (7 ) a mandrel is inserted, the mandrel (13) preferably having a conical or pyramid-shaped tip on the side of the laboratory plate (7) and/or by a testing device (8, 9) against at least one surface side of the laboratory plate (7), preferably a standardized one , Pressure body (21) is moved, which is suitable for bending the laboratory plate (7), preferably until it breaks, with the path, time and/or force being registered in the test device (8, 9) and preferably with an evaluation unit is evaluated.

Images