DE102021000354A1 - Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an annular air filter for a respiratory protection mask or a half mask or a face mask, which is equipped with a UV radiator (in the form of a UV laser diode) and an annular mirror element that is built in the form of an optical resonator, which the Laser beam density increased enormously by numerous reflections, which eliminates the pathogens directly into the air during inhalation and exhalation. This filter, built into a mask, is very effective against all types of bacteria and viruses, such as flu viruses, corona viruses, or even against a variety of exotic pathogens. The laser diode and the mirror element that the effect of the UV rays significantly amplified, generate a kind of laser beam firewall. The reflector prevents the radiation from reaching the outside, at least for the most part, and thus protects the user. In addition, the less harmful UV-C light rays or laser rays with a wavelength of 222 nm are used. They kill bacteria and viruses just as well as broad-spectrum UV-C waves, but are largely gentle on people. In other variants, other types of laser diodes (IR, green, blue, violet, yellow or red laser diodes) are also used.

Description

The invention relates to a respiratory protection or face mask filter which can be used successfully against viruses (e.g. COVID-19, H1N1, etc.), which is equipped with UV laser technology and an electronic control system.

The respiratory masks are usually used in dental practices and hospitals, especially in operating theaters. There they serve to protect the respiratory tract of the user against viruses or bacteria in the air and vice versa, to protect the patient from pathogens that could be in the mouth of the user.

The respiratory masks form a mechanical barrier between the user and the environment. They filter the air that is inhaled and, conversely, only allow a few pathogens that can come from the user's mouth into the environment. The mask does not neutralize the pathogens and cannot cause decontamination. The pathogens are only prevented from crossing the mechanical barrier, similar to a sieve that filters grains of sand from the water. Because the mask has fine pores that are of a certain size, viruses can still more or less cross them. Many of the respiratory protection masks have a pore size of approx. 200 nm and more. However, some viruses are smaller (80 to 150nm) and can easily pass this barrier.

There are different classifications and types of respirators. The masks and their filters must meet standards for certain protection classes. The protection classes of the respiratory masks are based on the MAK value (maximum workplace concentration). This value corresponds to the concentration of harmful particles in the workplace to which an employee can be exposed without suffering any health impairment. A respiratory protection mask of class FFP1 can dampen contamination up to 4 times the MAK value. This corresponds to protection against coarse, dry particles and aerosols, e.g. B. Stone grinding dust, quartz dust, wood grinding dust, coarse allergens or some pollen.

An FFP2 respirator should dampen contamination up to 10 times the MAK value. This corresponds to protection against harmful dry particles and aerosols, e.g. B. metal dust, mineral fiber dust, polishing dust, or construction site dust. Breathing with it is relatively difficult. It is sometimes recommended that after about 70-80 minutes, the mask wearer takes it off and takes a short break.

An FFP3 respirator can dampen contamination up to 30 times the MAK value. This corresponds to protection against very small harmful particles, aerosols, bacteria, viruses and even radioactive dust.

The most effective are the masks with FFP3 filters, with which one can reliably filter out many of the viruses, but breathing with them is relatively difficult, strenuous and unsuitable for long-term use. Because the FFP3 filters are so strenuous for the user to use them, in some countries users even have to pass a pulmonary aptitude test.

Numerous applications are known from the prior art that describe respiratory masks and associated filters.

the end GB 2,352,978 A a filter is known that is supposed to filter out dust, pollen or smoke from the ambient air before inhalation. The filtering is done mechanically.

the EP1083973B1 describes a mouth guard that is generally "C-shaped" so that a front part and two arms are provided which diverge rearward from the front part, which has a portion extending between the two arms, the mouth guard is of "U-shaped" cross-section so as to provide inner and outer flanges connected by a base, the mouthguard including a lip guard formed on an inside of the outer flange, the lip guard extending over the entire Length of the front part extends.

the DE202011107529U1 describes a respirator for filtering air consisting of a mask body which is suitable to cover the nose and mouth of the mask wearer, a retaining strap which is attached to the respirator and which is suitable to pull the mask body against the face of the wearer, the The mask body has an air collecting device on its edge, which catches the air expelled by the mask wearer and allows it to escape from the mask body in such a way that the mask body edge is flush with the face of the mask wearer at all times.

A particle-filtering half-mask made of soft polymer foam is made of the DE-PS 34 34 357 known. This respirator can be collapsed to save space, but it is also only intended for the filtration of particulate pollutants and not for the filtration of gaseous pollutants as well. In addition, it cannot filter viruses or bacteria from the air.

Almost all respiratory masks and especially the face masks filter the particles or viruses mechanically. Respiratory protection masks and face masks are therefore mechanical filters that can filter particles up to a certain size and some of them viruses and bacteria from the air we breathe. Such a respiratory protection mask prevents a virus-contaminated air flow through the provided air-collecting device or filter. However, through rapid and powerful breaths that hit the inside of the mask, the mask body can inflate or the edge of the mask body can be lifted off, causing a brief leak. The mask body consists largely of an air-permeable filter fiber material, for example polypropylene. This is prepared for its respective use according to the methods of the state of the art.

Another disadvantage of all respiratory protective masks is the increased air resistance when breathing in and out. Even a simple face mask creates a certain breathing resistance. If you wear such a mask for hours and have to work with it, the work is quite difficult because the mask wearer is also physically and psychologically stressed by the breathing air resistance. In addition, there is a constant mixture of air between exhaled and inhaled air, which lowers the oxygen level in the blood. A volume is created between the mask body and the wearer's face that contains increased CO ² values and less oxygen. Every time the user exhales, the space between the mask body and the wearer's face is ^{filled with CO 2} -rich air. In this way, 50 - 100 cm ³ can easily “get stuck” in this space. When inhaling, this oxygen-poor air is inhaled first and only when this amount is inhaled does a negative pressure arise, which sucks the air out of the environment. Thus, with every breath you breathe in some of the exhaled air again, which can become a problem in the long run. Asthma patients in particular can be more disadvantaged as a result.

• - die effektive Licht-Leistung der UV-LED-s, ist bei der Luftströmungsgeschwindigkeit (manchmal über 1m/s) während des Atmens nicht ausreichend, um einen Großteil der Keime in die Luft abzutöten,
• - der Benutzer der Maske ist den Strahlen schutzlos geliefert. In der Anmeldung wird nirgendwo erwähnt, wie der Masken-Träger vor UV-Licht geschützt werden soll. Die UV-Lichtquellen (UV-Lampen) dort emittieren diffuses Licht, zumindest keine kohärente UV-Laserstrahlen, wobei diese fundamental voneinander unterscheiden. Während bei diffusem Licht, die Strahlrichtung nach einer Reflektion schwer zu berechnen ist, bzw. die Lichtzerstreuung in allen möglichen Richtungen stattfindet und die Strahlenwinkel recht breit sind, sind die Laserstrahlen viel präziser und besser zu bändigen. Das Problem, zwar nicht so ausgeprägt, aber immerhin präsent, besteht auch bei UV-LED-s. Weil die UV-Leuchtdioden keine scharfen, kohärent und parallel-laufenden Strahlen abgeben, sondern eher diffus oder kegelförmig strahlen, werden die UV-Strahlen teilweise auch das Gesicht des Benutzers bestrahlen und nach paar Stunden Verbrennungen auf der Haut verursachen. Hier sind zwar die LED-s in eine Versenkung eingebaut, aber trotzdem, ein kleiner Anteil der UV-Strahlen erreicht dennoch die Haut des Benutzers. Am Rand der Vertiefung treten unerwünschte Lichtablenkungen auf, die die UV-Strahlen teilweise in Richtung des Benutzers schicken.

Registration US8733356B1 describes a germicidal protective mask with UV light emitting diodes and relates in particular to the disinfection of air immediately before inhalation by a wearer, the disinfection being carried out in a safe, reliable, efficient and economical manner with the aid of the UV light emitting diodes. The protective mask described there, comprising: a carrier having an inner portion which is positionable on one side of the nose and mouth of a wearer, and an outer portion which is positionable over the nose and mouth of the wearer, a plurality of light emitters, the so are adapted to function within the germicidal spectrum for air; and an electrical assembly coupled to the light emitters to form a light curtain adjacent the nose and mouth of the wearer through which unfiltered ambient air passes through the light curtain into the nose and mouth of the wearer, the breathable air being inhaled when the wearer breathes air is disinfected by the passage of pathogens through the light curtain just before breathing; wherein the free end of the outer portion is fork-shaped with an upper horizontal leg and a parallel lower leg, the legs being separated to form a space defining a passage for air flow into the wearer's mouths carrying light emitters. This device uses UV light-emitting diodes to kill the germs in air currents when breathing. However, there are some unresolved issues with this:

• - The effective light output of the UV-LED-s is not sufficient at the air flow speed (sometimes over 1m / s) during breathing to kill a large part of the germs in the air,
• - the user of the mask is exposed to the rays without protection. Nowhere in the application is it mentioned how the mask wearer should be protected from UV light. The UV light sources (UV lamps) there emit diffuse light, at least no coherent UV laser beams, which differ fundamentally from one another. While with diffuse light, the beam direction after a reflection is difficult to calculate, or the light is scattered in all possible directions and the beam angles are quite wide, the laser beams are much more precise and easier to control. The problem, although not as pronounced but still present, also exists with UV-LED-s. Because the UV light-emitting diodes do not emit sharp, coherent and parallel rays, but rather diffuse or cone-shaped rays, the UV rays will also partially irradiate the user's face and cause burns on the skin after a few hours. Here the LEDs are built into a recess, but nevertheless, a small proportion of the UV rays still reach the user's skin. Undesired light deflections occur at the edge of the depression, some of which send the UV rays in the direction of the user.

The solutions, in which the UV light source is built into a box that is connected to the respiratory protection mask via hoses, ensure reliable protection against UV radiation, but are bulky, complicated and uncomfortable to carry.

• - eine nicht poröse Gesichtsmaske, die über der Nase und dem Mund eines Benutzers angebracht werden kann, um eine luftdichte Passform darüber bereitzustellen;
• - eine Sterilisationskammer zum Abtöten unerwünschter Mikroorganismen, die darin enthalten sind; einen ersten Luftdurchgang, durch den Luft zwischen der nicht porösen Gesichtsmaske und der Sterilisationskammer strömen kann;
• - einen zweiten Luftdurchgang, durch den Luft zwischen der Umgebungsumgebung des Benutzers und der Sterilisationskammer strömen kann; und
• - Mittel zur Erzeugung von ultravioletter Strahlung, die sich in der Sterilisationskammer befinden und tödliche Strahlung an die unerwünschten Mikroorganismen abgeben;

wobei die Sterilisationskammer aus Material hergestellt ist, das für die Strahlung undurchlässig ist.Registration US5165395A is an ultraviolet germicidal mask system comprising:

• - a non-porous face mask that can be placed over a user's nose and mouth to provide an airtight fit thereover;
• a sterilization chamber for killing undesirable microorganisms contained therein; a first air passage through which air can flow between the non-porous face mask and the sterilization chamber;
• a second air passage through which air can flow between the ambient environment of the user and the sterilization chamber; and
• - means for generating ultraviolet radiation, which are located in the sterilization chamber and emit lethal radiation to the undesirable microorganisms;

wherein the sterilization chamber is made of material which is opaque to the radiation.

The mask system consists of a non-porous mask and a chamber, which is designed separately and connected to the mask with the help of tubes, which is attached to the body with the help of a belt. Although it is very effective and, thanks to the separate chamber, the user is well protected from UV radiation, it is also quite heavy (brings a weight of approx. 500-2000g) and also difficult to carry. The air resistance when breathing is not as great as with filter masks, but it is still noticeable. The problem with the formation of humidity in the chamber and hose lines has not been solved either. If this mask system is used for a longer period of time, this can cause serious difficulties because it also creates secondary germs.

Registration US20090004047A1 describes an air supply device that includes a UV killing chamber for sterilizing air to be supplied to users. There the effectiveness of killing or neutralizing pathogens is increased by not only including a UV light source of a certain intensity, but also a particle filter. In the case of a custom system that includes a face mask for supplying air to a particular user, the air exhaled from the face mask can also be sterilized, either using the same disinfection chamber or using a separate chamber.

Registration US 2010/0 132 715 A1 describes a full protective mask that has a UV filter. Before entering the mask, the air is exposed to ultraviolet radiation, which kills unwanted germs, viruses and other pathogens for which the ultraviolet radiation is fatal. In this way, sterile air is made available to the user. Such a system would be useful for those who are constantly exposed to contagious diseases, such as doctors or other health professionals, to avoid passing diseases on to patients. However, UV light-emitting diodes are used in this protective mask. There is also no clear interior mirror in the filter. An open design of the filter is therefore unsuitable. Rather, this UV filter is designed as a supplement to conventional filter systems.

The publication at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-67211-2 describes the effectiveness of UV-C light with 222nm, which can be used against viruses.

The invention specified in claims 1 to 45 is based on the problem of creating a special, open, very light air filter for a respiratory protection mask / face mask / everyday mask in which no or only very little breathing air-moisture condensation occurs is able to actively neutralize or destroy the viruses and other pathogens in the air while breathing, without noticeably increasing the breathing air flow resistance and is also pleasantly easy to wear and quick / easy with a face mask -Mask or everyday mask can be connected.

This problem is solved with the features listed in claims 1 to 45.

• - der Filter ist offen und sehr leicht (wiegt nur ca. 20 - 70Gramm), was das Tragen in eine Mundschutz-Maske deutlich angenehmer gestaltet,
• - keine Luftströmung durch irgendwelche Kanäle oder Kammer notwendig, die nur schwer zu reinigen wären, in denen Atemluft-Feuchtigkeit kondensiert und später Keime ansiedeln können,
• - kann in nahezu jede Atem-Schutzmaske oder Mundschutz, unabhängig davon ob die Maske aus weichem Textil-Material oder aus einer Hartschale besteht (jederzeit auch nachträglich) eingebaut werden,
• - eine Atemschutz-Maske mit diesen speziellen Laser-Filter ist in der Lage, Krankheitserreger wie Viren oder Bakterien zuverlässig in die zu atmenden Luft zu neutralisieren oder vernichten,
• - durch die spezielle Spiegel-Wand in dem Filter wird eine Art optischer Resonator daraus, der mit weniger elektrischen bzw. Laser-Energie eine deutlich höheren Laserstrahlen-Dichte erreicht und eine Steigerung der Desinfektions-Effektivität erreicht,
• - sehr guter Schutz vor Laser-Strahlung für den Benutzer und die Umgebung,
• - weil der Filter offen ist, behindert er kaum die Luftströmung beim Ein-/ Ausatmen und erzeugt so nur einen geringen Luftwiederstand,
• - er erlaubt eine normale, klare verbale Kommunikation zwischen dem Benutzer und anderen Anwesenden oder Verzerrung der Stimme,
• - kostengünstige Produktion,
• - einfache Handhabung,
• - wirkt zuverlässig auch gegen noch unbekannte oder neue Arten von Viren oder Bakterien, daher optimal auch gegen H1N1 oder andere Erreger, wie z.B. Corona-Viren (SARS-CoV-2, COVID19, oder künftige Mutationen, wie C-B117, COV25 / 32, etc.),
• - kann sogar in gewisse Weise in geringen Mengen auch Impfstoff-Ähnliches-Material aus aktiven Viren produzieren.

Advantages of the invention are:

• - the filter is open and very light (weighs only approx. 20 - 70 grams), which makes wearing a face mask much more comfortable,
• - no air flow through any channels or chambers necessary, which would be difficult to clean, in which breath moisture condenses and germs can later settle,
• - can be installed in almost any respiratory protection mask or face mask, regardless of whether the mask is made of soft textile material or a hard shell (at any time also afterwards),
• - a respiratory protection mask with this special laser filter is able to reliably neutralize or destroy pathogens such as viruses or bacteria in the air to be breathed,
• - The special mirror wall in the filter turns it into a kind of optical resonator, which has a significantly higher density of laser beams with less electrical or laser energy achieved and an increase in disinfection effectiveness achieved,
• - very good protection against laser radiation for the user and the environment,
• - because the filter is open, it hardly obstructs the air flow when inhaling / exhaling and thus creates only a low air resistance,
• - it allows normal, clear verbal communication between the user and others present or distortion of the voice,
• - inexpensive production,
• - easy to use,
• - also works reliably against unknown or new types of viruses or bacteria, therefore also optimally against H1N1 or other pathogens, such as corona viruses (SARS-CoV-2, COVID19, or future mutations such as C-B117, COV25 / 32 , Etc.),
• - can even produce vaccine-like material from active viruses in small quantities in a certain way.

• 1 einen Filter mit der UV-Laserdiode, die drinnen in dem Umfang des Filter-Gehäuse radial eingebaut ist,
• 2 eine Ausführung mit UV-Laserdioden und Spiegelwand mit Lichtfenstern,
• 3 eine durchsichtige Rohr-Luftleitung in Form eines kurzen HohlZylinders, der in die Luftöffnung des Filters eingebaut ist und die UV-Laserdioden, die radial angeordnet sind,
• 4 eine Variante der Viren-Filter-Vorrichtung mit mehrere UV-Laserdioden, die quer zu Luftströmungs-Achse ihre Laserstrahlen abgibt und durch zahlreiche Reflektionen durch die ringförmige / hohlzylinderförmige Spiegelwand eine UV-Strahlenwand erzeugt,
• 5 und 6 die UV-Schutz-Blenden, die in Form von zwei runden, UV-Absorbierenden Schutzdeckeln gebaut sind, die den Benutzer vor UV-Strahlung schützen,
• 7 die UV-Schutz-Lamellen,
• 8 eine Variante der Schutzblenden aus konzentrischen Ringen,
• 9 eine Ausführung, bei der die Ring-Öffnung durch Sensoren gegen Eindringen von Körperteilen geschützt ist,
• 10 eine automatisch Sensorsteuerung der UV-Strahlungsquelle in dem Filter,
• 11 einen Filter mit einer Spiegelwand, in der die UV-Laserstrahlen breit und parallelstrahlend abgebeben werden, die aber vorwiegend in dem Ring-Öffnungsbereich drin bleiben und dort unzählige Male hin und her von den Spiegelwänden reflektiert werden,
• 12 eine fortgeschrittene Variante mit zahlreiche elektronische Sensor-Systeme, bei der automatisch die UV-Strahlung bei Bedarf aktiviert wird,
• 13 eine autarke (Stand-Alone) UV-Laserdioden-Filter-Modul-Variante,
• 14 einen kugelförmigen Filter (Hohlsphäre) mit Innen-Spiegelwand,
• 15 eine weitere kompakte Variante mit dem durchsichtigen RohrKanal für die Atem-Luftströmung, das eckig gebaut ist,
• 16 und 17 einen Filter, wobei in das Hohl-Gehäuse eine Vielzahl von UV-Laserdioden eingebaut sind, die in die Innenwand des reifenförmiges Gehäuses des Filters befestigt sind,
• 18 eine Darstellung der Laserstrahlen-Anordnung,
• 19 einen Filter mit Infrarot-Laserdiode anstatt oder zusätzlich zu den UV-Laserdioden,
• 20 eine anatomisch passende Form des Filters in der autarken Version ohne oder mit einem stark reduzierten Masken-Körper, mit einem Mundbereich und Nasebereich ausgestattet,
• 21 das eingebautes Funkmodul (z.B. WLAN, WiDi, Bluetooth, RFID, NFC oder eine ähnliche Funkschnittstelle)
• 22 einen Filter, der mit eine Schutzbrille gekoppelt ist,
• 23 eine Viren-Filter-Variante, in einem Baseball-Capi eingebaut,
• 24 die kompakte, gekapselte, abnehmbare Variante des Filters in Ring-Form-Gehäuse,
• 25 zeigt einen Filter mit dem Hohl-Ring-Gehäuse, mit UV-Laserdioden, wobei eine zusätzliche ringförmig / hohlzylinderförmige Spiegel-Wand eingebaut ist,
• 26 eine Laserstrahl-Impuls-Variante,
• 27 eine einfache Befestigungs-Möglichkeit für den speziellen Filter an einem Masken-Körper beliebiger Art,
• 28 eine Ausführung mit Retroreflektoren,
• 29 einen Filter mit mehrere UV-Laserdioden, die in der Mitte des Filters in die Luftdurchlass-Öffnung eingebaut sind und deren UV-Laserstrahlen radial („zentrifugal“) verlaufen und die Innen-Wände bzw. die Spiegelwände des Filters treffen,
• 30 eine weitere Ausführung, die in einem Capi (Schirm-Mütze) eingebaut ist,
• 31 das Innenleben der Vorrichtung,
• 32 den Spiegel-Ring mit IR-Sensorelemente,
• 33 ein weiteres Befestigungs-Mechanismus (Gewinde) für eine lösbare Kopplung mit dem Maskenkörper,
• 34 weitere Beispiele / Ausführungsmöglichkeiten
• 35 eine Variante mit mehrfache Luftfiltern, die nebeneinander angeordnet sind,
• 36 eine Ausführung, die als Prototyp gebaut wurde und die nachträglich mit jede Maske verbunden werden kann,
• 37 die Verwendung von anderen Laserdioden-Arten,
• 38 eine Ausführung mit Luft-Strömungs-Geschwindigkeits-Mess-System,
• 39 ein Filter bzw. Maske mit Luftdrucksensoren,
• 40 und 41 eine Ausführungsform des Luftdruck-Sensor-Systems,
• 42 den Einbau des Reflektors in einem Luftreiniger,
• 43 eine Ausführung, wobei auch die Augen des Benutzers zumindest etwas geschützt werden können.

Embodiments of the inventions are based on 1 until 43 explained. Show it:

• 1 a filter with the UV laser diode, which is installed radially inside the perimeter of the filter housing,
• 2 a version with UV laser diodes and a mirror wall with light windows,
• 3 a transparent pipe-air line in the form of a short hollow cylinder, which is built into the air opening of the filter and the UV laser diodes, which are arranged radially,
• 4th a variant of the virus filter device with several UV laser diodes, which emits its laser beams across the air flow axis and generates a UV radiation wall through numerous reflections through the ring-shaped / hollow-cylindrical mirror wall,
• 5 and 6th the UV protection screens, which are built in the form of two round, UV-absorbing protective covers that protect the user from UV radiation,
• 7th the UV protection slats,
• 8th a variant of the protective screens made of concentric rings,
• 9 a design in which the ring opening is protected against the ingress of body parts by sensors,
• 10 an automatic sensor control of the UV radiation source in the filter,
• 11 a filter with a mirror wall in which the UV laser beams emit wide and parallel rays, but which mainly remain in the ring opening area and are reflected back and forth countless times by the mirror walls,
• 12th an advanced variant with numerous electronic sensor systems, in which the UV radiation is automatically activated if necessary,
• 13th a self-sufficient (stand-alone) UV laser diode filter module variant,
• 14th a spherical filter (hollow sphere) with an interior mirror wall,
• 15th Another compact variant with the transparent pipe duct for the breath-air flow, which is square,
• 16 and 17th a filter, wherein a plurality of UV laser diodes are built into the hollow housing, which are fastened in the inner wall of the tire-shaped housing of the filter,
• 18th a representation of the laser beam arrangement,
• 19th a filter with an infrared laser diode instead of or in addition to the UV laser diodes,
• 20th an anatomically fitting shape of the filter in the self-sufficient version without or with a greatly reduced mask body, equipped with a mouth area and a nose area,
• 21 the built-in radio module (e.g. WLAN, WiDi, Bluetooth, RFID, NFC or a similar radio interface)
• 22nd a filter coupled with protective goggles,
• 23 a virus filter variant built into a baseball cap,
• 24 the compact, encapsulated, removable variant of the filter in a ring-shaped housing,
• 25th shows a filter with the hollow ring housing, with UV laser diodes, with an additional ring-shaped / hollow-cylindrical mirror wall installed,
• 26th a laser beam pulse variant,
• 27 a simple attachment option for the special filter on a mask body of any type,
• 28 a version with retroreflectors,
• 29 a filter with several UV laser diodes, which are built into the air passage opening in the middle of the filter and whose UV Laser beams run radially ("centrifugal") and hit the inner walls or the mirror walls of the filter,
• 30th another version that is built into a capi (umbrella hat),
• 31 the inner workings of the device,
• 32 the mirror ring with IR sensor elements,
• 33 another fastening mechanism (thread) for a detachable coupling with the mask body,
• 34 further examples / possible designs
• 35 a variant with multiple air filters that are arranged next to each other,
• 36 a version that was built as a prototype and that can be subsequently connected to any mask,
• 37 the use of other types of laser diodes,
• 38 a version with air flow velocity measuring system,
• 39 a filter or mask with air pressure sensors,
• 40 and 41 an embodiment of the air pressure sensor system,
• 42 the installation of the reflector in an air purifier,
• 43 an embodiment in which the eyes of the user can also be at least somewhat protected.

A number of different methods can be used to neutralize the viruses and bacteria. But there are mainly chemical, biological and physical methods to achieve this. It has long been known that sunlight seems to neutralize viruses or bacteria. Many scientists have investigated the effect of light more closely. It is known that broad spectrum UV-C light with a wavelength of 200 to 400nm can effectively eliminate bacteria and viruses. Various lamps (e.g. mercury lamps, fluorescent tubes), laser emitters e.g. UV lasers based on metal vapor hollow cathodes (e.g. HeAg laser at 224.3nm and NeCu laser 248nm) can generate this radiation. For slightly lower or medium power, laser diodes are able to generate the UV laser radiation. UV light-emitting diodes are also suitable for this. It is undisputed that viruses and bacteria can be destroyed by UV radiation. It is just a matter of the radiation intensity whether this can be achieved quickly or more slowly. UV light sources such as conventional lamps or UV light emitting diodes can achieve a disinfection effect. However, if you want to disinfect something quickly, the UV laser beam sources have a clear advantage. The laser sources offer a completely different radiation quality, which is suitable for combating viruses in a "rapid process". Above all, you no longer need heavy equipment to generate a laser beam with high intensity. The laser diodes are being developed rapidly and are becoming ever more powerful.

The filter that is used in this invention is open and has an annular / hollow cylindrical shape, which is equipped with an inner clear mirror wall, where there are built one or more laser diodes that emit their laser beams radially in the filter and there multiple times between The inside mirror walls are reflected back and forth and thereby form a UV laser beam barrier (laser beam firewall / curtain), through which the viruses are neutralized when breathing in and out. The UV-C laser beams are the most effective for this. However, numerous tests show that other types of laser beams (IR, blue, green) with the corresponding laser power also have a rather destructive effect against viruses. It is crucial with which intensity these are emitted and which radiation density is generated. For the device according to the invention, the ring-shaped mirror with a clear mirror wall is used, some of which also has the properties of an optical resonator. The clear mirror surface is very important for the device. It is not there to reduce the losses of the laser beams, but the mirror with its special shape, overall, reinforces the effect of the laser beam barrier many times over, so that the greatest possible effects can be achieved even with low laser power. In addition, the shape of the mirror is crucial in order to generate the UV laser beam curtain so that it closes completely. The reflector is built almost like an optical resonator, in which the laser beams are reflected back and forth between the mirror surfaces for as long as possible. The radiation intensity of the laser diode is amplified (accumulated) many times there, as the laser beams are reflected dozens to hundreds of times between the reflector walls.

So that it is clear, there is no excess energy generation in the reflector, but the laser beams emitted there only remain “trapped” for a little longer and are thus “held up” in the same room by multiple reflections. What happens in the reflector has to be imagined as follows: A laser beam that is emitted over a length of 9 meters is "cut" into 300 pieces and these 300 laser beams are radially emitted in a ring with a 3cm diameter. Because the laser beam is emitted continuously, they see Reflections look as if they would take place at the same time. It would be almost as if there were 300 laser diodes built in around the reflector. Because the air flow speed is extremely small compared to the speed of light, the viruses are hit by a very high number of photons, which is achieved by numerous laser beam reflections. Due to the reflector, the number of photons that the viruses hit, depending on how often the reflector can reflect the laser beams, will be a few dozen to hundreds of times higher than would be the case without a reflector. Because the laser beams change their direction with each reflection, but always remain in the radial plane, forming the laser firewall there, there are no interferences between the laser beams that would weaken each other. It is not absolutely necessary to install expensive, high-quality laser diodes in the filter. For our purposes, cheap laser diodes that do not produce a high-quality laser beam are sufficient. Such laser diodes generally deliver significantly more laser power, are very inexpensive, and yet their laser beams can be used very effectively in the ring mirror. Such laser diodes can also generate a sharp laser line, which can then be reflected back and forth dozens of times by the ring or hollow cylinder mirror in order to be able to generate an effective firewall that does not let active viruses through.

In contrast to the solutions from the prior art, only laser diodes are used here that are not built into the reflector / mirror space, but rather into the reflector wall outside the mirror area. This means that the laser diodes do not stand in the way of the reflected laser beams. The laser beams penetrate through a very small light window that is built into the wall of the ring-shaped reflector on the radial plane into the reflector space, where they are reflected back and forth into the ring-shaped mirror by numerous reflections. The reflected laser beams always remain on the radial plane and form the laser beam firewall there, which irradiates pathogens or viruses so intensively that they are inactivated or destroyed. Because the ring reflector or hollow cylinder mirror is only approx. 8-10mm long, there is hardly any condensation of air humidity there. In addition, the hollow cylinder-shaped / tubular mirror functions as a heat sink for the laser diode and warms up somewhat as a result, which prevents the condensation processes.

• - UV-Strahlenquellen, wie UV-Leuchtstoff-Röhren oder UV-LED-s erzeugen kein kohärentes Licht, und somit dieses deutlich schwächer bei gleicher Lichtleistung im Kampf gegen Krankheisterreger,
• - die genannten UV-Strahlenquellen (Leuchtstoffröhren, UV-LED-s, UV-Lampen) erzeugen diffuses Licht, das nur mühsam, durch optische Korrektur-Elemente einigermaßen gebündelt werden können,
• - und der letzte Argument: man kann mit solche UV-Strahlenquellen keine Strahlen auf genaue einer Wellenlänge erzeugen. Bei einer Variante müssen wir auch ein strenges Kriterium erfüllen, um eine UV-Strahlung mit 222nm Wellenlänge als Output zu bekommen, die nur durch UV-Laserdioden zu erzeugen ist. Andere UV-Strahlenquellen können UV-Strahlung emittieren, die aber nicht genau bei 222nm bleibt, sondern eher ein Spektrum von UV-Strahlung (z.B. von 200-250nm oder von 195-230nm) erzeugt. Nur Laserquellen, hier Laserdioden sind in der Lage eine genaue definierte Emissions-Frequenz (und damit auch eine bestimmte Wellenlänge) einzuhalten und stabil eine Leistung zu erbringen. Das macht auch die Differenz von dem Stand der Technik aus. Hinzu kommt, dass die Laserdioden heutzutage sehr günstig geworden sind und man kann deren Einbau auch wirtschaftlich gerechtfertigten. Zwar benötigen die Laserdioden eine spezielle Schaltung (Laserdioden-TreiberSchaltung), die diese initiiert und die Aufrechterhaltung der Laserleistung steuert, aber auch diese hat sehr kleine Abmessungen und ist meistens in dem Gehäuse der Laserdiode mit drin integriert.

In the invention, laser diodes are used to generate the UV rays because they are best suited for this purpose. They emit coherent, optimally bundled laser beams that can be reflected very well or precisely and, above all, they stay in the filter for the longest. Because of their radiation density and precise radiation projection geometry, the UV laser beams are able to neutralize the viruses reliably and very quickly while the air flows in and out through the UV laser beam barrier / firewall. Protection against UV rays is also much easier for the mask wearer when using UV laser rays. One would think, why not install UV lamps, UV fluorescent tubes or UV LEDs, which are a little cheaper than laser diodes. Some facts speak against this:

• - UV radiation sources, such as UV fluorescent tubes or UV LED s, do not generate coherent light, and thus it is significantly weaker with the same light output in the fight against pathogens.
• - the UV radiation sources mentioned (fluorescent tubes, UV LEDs, UV lamps) generate diffuse light that can only be bundled with difficulty using optical correction elements,
• - and the last argument: you cannot produce rays of exactly one wavelength with such UV radiation sources. In one variant, we also have to meet a strict criterion in order to get UV radiation with a wavelength of 222 nm as output, which can only be generated by UV laser diodes. Other UV radiation sources can emit UV radiation, which does not stay exactly at 222nm, but rather generates a spectrum of UV radiation (e.g. from 200-250nm or from 195-230nm). Only laser sources, here laser diodes, are able to maintain a precisely defined emission frequency (and thus also a certain wavelength) and provide a stable output. This also makes the difference from the prior art. In addition, the laser diodes have become very cheap nowadays and their installation can also be justified economically. The laser diodes require a special circuit (laser diode driver circuit) that initiates them and controls the maintenance of the laser power, but this too has very small dimensions and is usually integrated in the housing of the laser diode.

This filter can be installed in almost any respirator or face mask, regardless of whether it consists of a solid / shell mask body or of textile / fabric. A subsequent installation of the filter in a respirator or face mask that has already been manufactured is possible at any time. A filter prototype was built into a fabric mask that had already been manufactured ( 36 ). All you have to do is cut a hole in the mask and attach the filter there. In particular the variant with the ring magnet Fastening can easily be done by technically inexperienced people.

Because the viruses (or other pathogens) have to pass through the intensive UV laser beam wall, they are reliably inactivated, which the filter also brings out a kind of inoculating effect. The mask wearer breathes in viruses that have been inactivated and, depending on the virus concentration in the air, may also stimulate an immunity reaction, which means a kind of vaccination. Apart from UV laser diodes, infrared laser diodes are also suitable for neutralizing pathogens. The laser power should be slightly higher than with the UV rays. The effect on the viruses is also somewhat different here than is the case with the UV laser beams. Rather, the viruses are thermally treated under IR laser beams. The viruses start to rotate or oscillate under the influence of IR laser beams, among other things, and this with a very high frequency, which also causes mechanical damage to their structure.

The UV-C light (called far UV light) destroys the molecular bonds that hold the genetic material together. Such light sources are often used routinely to decontaminate surgical equipment. There are considerations to use UV light in operating theaters as well. It is known that intense UV light, in particular UV-C, is very well able to destroy H1N1 and corona viruses, even fungal spores or at least partially render them harmless. Depending on how high the light intensity is and how long the pathogens are exposed to light, the number of pathogens in the air can be reduced to a greater or lesser extent. However, UV-C light is not safe for humans because it can cause tissue damage. The eyes can also become sick or completely damaged as a result. In order to keep the damage to people as low as possible, UV light with a wavelength of 222nm can be used. This UV light can, for example, be emitted by a laser diode made for this purpose without any problems. Researchers have found that UV-C light with a wavelength of approx. 222 nm causes little or no damage to human tissue, on the other hand it fights viruses and bacteria effectively and just as well as broad-spectrum UV-C light. In a recent study, the researchers tested the effect of this UV-C light on influenza viruses. It was found that this light, the H1N1 influenza viruses (highly contagious and highly viral), which were in the air of a test chamber, switched off just as effectively as normal broad-spectrum UV-C light. In the past, mercury lamps were used to generate UV-C light. For some years now, it has been possible to easily generate UV-C light with the help of light-emitting diodes. However, the laser diodes in particular are able to generate this specific UV radiation. In order to generate UV light with a certain wavelength in monochromatic form, such as UV light with 222nm wavelength, the UV laser diodes are the best choice. The laser beams with 222nm work optimally against viruses and bacteria, but cause little or no tissue damage to people. This filter for a respiratory protection mask or face mask uses exactly this light effect to actively fight the pathogens. A mask with such a filter does not filter out any particles from the air and also no viruses. Everything flows in and out unfiltered. This means that the user breathes the air in and out completely with all the viruses and particles located there. Thus, almost no breathing resistance is generated and the mask wearer does not even notice that he is wearing it based on the breathing properties of the respirator and that is the great thing about this mask. The mask with this filter, which is described here, makes no effort to filter the viruses out of the air, but it neutralizes them so that the respirator wearer no longer receives the virus concentration necessary to trigger an infection. At the same time, the wearer is very well protected from UV radiation. The ozone formation that is stimulated is low and can be neglected.

Other laser beams (other light colors including infrared laser beams) are also able to inactivate viruses and render them harmless to humans. It is only a matter of the laser beam power, its energy concentration and the duration of the irradiation. Good results are also achieved with IR laser beams. Above all, these are practical because they hardly affect human skin (with a lower radiation density).

The filter is built in such a way that it looks like a somewhat wide ring or a short hollow cylinder / tube and is equipped with a clear mirror inner wall. Breathing air flows through the opening of the filter in both directions, with almost no resistance. The filter has no physical filter properties and is completely open so that everything can flow unhindered through its opening. All viruses, bacteria and other pathogens are transported back and forth with the air we breathe, so that the mask wearer can breathe completely freely, almost as if he were not wearing a mask at all. A laser beam source (e.g. UV laser diode) is built into the wall of the filter on the outside, which is a thin line of laser beams 118 radiates radially or transversely to the air flow axis. This laser beam line can be 1mm thick and a few cm long. At least one light window is built into the wall of the hollow cylinder, at the point where the laser beam source is installed, through which the laser beams enter the interior of the filter on a radial plane get surrounded by the annular mirror. The UV laser diode can emit a point beam, but a line beam is more advantageous 118 to generate, which is arranged transversely to the air flow axis. A transverse arrangement of the laser beam line in the filter or in the interior of the mirror creates a very thin firewall, which, however, is very intense because it is amplified many times over by the ring-shaped mirror and numerous reflections. The laser beam line projection can easily be generated by a cylindrical lens in front of the laser diode. This is common with laser beam projectors in the construction industry, where sharp laser beam lines are generated that make the work easier and more precise. Because the rays in the space inside the mirror are getting wider and the laser beam line is getting longer, they close the filter opening completely so that no gap remains. Nevertheless, the laser beams stay a little longer in the space between the mirror surfaces. The radiation density increases with each reflection and the rays come out only a little, because either they are absorbed by the edge rings / absorber rings or they are reflected so often that the rays are partially absorbed into the mirror wall. The beam hits the clear mirror inner wall of the filter and is reflected back and forth several times. The shape of the mirror is very important. The best execution is the ring shape / hollow cylinder shape. The clear mirror wall is also a very important component. Matte mirrors, on the other hand, are completely unsuitable. The clear mirror wall practically forms a kind of optical resonator, which, like the resonators of a laser device, reflects the laser beams back and forth, with the difference that the beams are not decoupled, but remain in for as long as possible ("infinitely"). The laser beams are briefly “trapped” in the filter inside the resonator and they travel from one mirror wall surface to the other mirror surface opposite. Because the beam from the laser beam source has a geometric line-shape projection and, due to the curvature of the clear mirror, it is reflected back ever wider, but because the beam geometry becomes wider at right angles to the air flow axis, it still always hits the mirror surfaces opposite. Because the mirror surface is ring-shaped, it does not matter how wide the beam is - it still remains trapped between mirror surfaces and it does not leave the interior of the filter at the first reflection but only after a few dozen or even hundreds of reflections back and forth. The radiation density increases strongly, but no excess laser energy is gained or conjured up. Everything is preserved within the framework of the laws of physics. In order to be able to visualize this and to explain it simply, one can explain with a simple example: if you shoot a table tennis ball in a short pipe through a hole in its wall on a radial plane in the pipe, then this ball bounces back and hits the pipe wall again. It is thrown back again and hits the pipe wall somewhere opposite. Ideally, it hits the pipe wall dozens or hundreds of times, each time at a different point and jumps radially back and forth in the pipe. If, for example, a light breeze with soap bubbles would flow through the pipe opening, the small soap bubbles would be partially hit and destroyed by the ball jumping back and forth. However, a single ball bouncing back and forth couldn't hit many bubbles. It looks different if per second 100 new balls come in the tube shot radially through the small hole in the tube wall. Each ball then bounces back and forth from one side of the wall to the other. And the number of balls would increase by 100 every second. If a ball only falls out of the tube after 20 jumps, for which it only takes 3 seconds, then after 3 seconds there would be 300 balls in the tube, which bounce radially back and forth. Thus, the "ball density" increases enormously, which is hit by almost every soap bubble that flows with the air in the tube. The balls also hit each other and kick each other out, but with photons the problem doesn't exist. In a similar way, more and more photons in the filter are "shot" through the laser diode and are only eliminated there after a few dozen / hundreds of reflections. The laser beams are thus "accumulated", which increases the beam density enormously. This process cannot be achieved with UV LEDs or UV fluorescent tubes, for example, because they cannot generate precise beam geometry. The clearer the inner wall mirror is built and the more precisely it runs plane-parallel in the center, the less distractions there are. At the same time, the better the reflections and thus the rays stay longer in the filter or resonator. The radiation density increases more and more, also because new laser beams continue to penetrate from the laser diode into the interior of the reflector. This is not a perpetual motion machine, but a very simple principle that is also used in laser devices. Due to the special ring-shaped construction of the mirror, the laser beam path of eg 10-100m is practically compressed into a space of a few cm. The laser beam still covers this 10-100m, but not in a single straight line, but in the form of numerous reflections between the walls of the reflector. A ring-shaped reflector with an inner diameter of 5 cm would contain a laser beam path of 100 m with 2000 laser beam reflections and thus theoretically have a radiation density that is over 2000 times higher than a simple laser beam from the same laser diode without the reflector. In addition, the laser diode permanently emits a laser beam and this continues to be “accumulated” in the reflector. Thus the Radiation density even higher. Because the aerosols and viruses in the air move very slowly in the air flow axis compared to the speed of light, they are very often hit by laser beam photons, which leads to their destruction. Due to the numerous reflections back and forth, a laser beam wall forms in the filter, which completely closes the entire opening. All the breathing air that flows through the filter will flow through this laser beam wall. Because the hollow cylindrical mirror reflects the laser beams back and forth several dozen or even hundreds of times, the laser beam intensity is significantly higher than the laser beam source alone delivers with a simple beam emission without the reflector. The more reflections there are, the higher the laser beam intensity inside the filter. With a high-quality mirror wall, several hundreds or even thousands of reflections can be achieved until the laser beams finally leave the reflector or are absorbed by an absorber ring at the edge of the reflector. However, such super expensive mirrors do not need to be built into a respirator, for example, because they should also remain inexpensive to manufacture. In this way, a considerable effect can be achieved with a relatively low laser power. Laser diodes with a few watts of laser power (eg 1 - 5W) can be installed, but this is not absolutely necessary because the filter has a small diameter, between 20 and 70mm. Even a laser power of 300mW from a UV-C laser diode can achieve the effect. The laser beam wall becomes so “dense” that no viruses or bacteria that pass through the filter with the air flow can survive. When using IR laser beams, the thermal effect would be predominant. They quickly heat the virus' outer shell and also damage its structure, so that it is inactivated. This happens very quickly due to the high laser beam intensity. While you breathe, the air will flow through your nose at a speed of approx. 0.5-10 m / s (depending on whether you are resting or doing sports). The filter can for example have an inside diameter of 20 to 50mm. With a filter opening of 40mm (diameter) and a breathing volume of 300ml for a person at rest, the air flow speed is only approx. 80mm / s. The filter wall or mirror wall, which forms the ring-shaped mirror in the form of the optical resonator, is approx. 5 to 10mm wide (that is the length of the wooden cylinder) and a laser beam wall with a width of 5 to 10mm is created there. The viruses cross this width within 0.06 to 0.12 seconds. So they are irradiated for about 0.06 to 0.12 seconds. The laser beam line is emitted from the laser beam source with a width of 1 mm and a length of approx. 20 mm, which means an area of only 20 mm ² . The entire 300mW is concentrated on this small area. Extrapolated to 1m ² that would be approx. 15KW laser power (for comparison, the sun has an energy output of ^{approx. 1.5KW / m 2 in the summer with direct solar radiation)!} In addition, there is the multiple laser beam reflection, which increases the laser beam intensity that is generated within the filter enormously. The laser power is almost duplicated with every reflection process. It goes without saying that the mirror wall also absorbs a small part of the laser beams, disperses a few percent of the laser radiation in undesired directions and thus a power loss occurs, but this is negligible in our case. Due to the curvature of the mirror wall, the laser beams become wider (more scattered) with each reflection, but the scattering does not happen in all directions, but only or predominantly in the transverse direction to the air flow axis. This means that the laser beam line projected there becomes longer and longer, but not, or hardly, or only slightly wider. The curvature of the mirror wall has another advantage: the laser beams that are reflected back and forth always have different beam directions and thus they do not interfere with each other, so that they cannot weaken each other in places. The mirror wall or the wall of the reflector can be made entirely of metal and serve as a heat sink for the laser beam source. That would heat the reflector more or less, but that also has another positive effect: by heating the mirror wall, it is not so easily fogged up by the air we breathe in cold seasons.

A flow sensor and a control unit, which is coupled with it and with the laser control, can help to achieve a laser power adjustment in real time, depending on the breath air flow. This means that the faster you breathe, the higher the laser power becomes, so that the viruses that travel with the air flow and are in the filter for a shorter time are also effectively inactivated. When breathing at rest, less laser power is needed because the air flow is slow. Thus, the laser power can be dynamically adjusted in real time using flow sensors and the energy source can also be saved. Nevertheless, even if one should not breathe at all for a short time (e.g. a few seconds) or the breathing air flow reversal phases take place (switching from inhaling to exhaling and vice versa), the laser emitter should not be switched off completely, but a minimal laser power should be maintained so the laser beam wall remains active and viruses are deactivated when the air flow is low.

By using the special reflector and a UV laser diode, the effect can be achieved with significantly lower laser power. With a high-quality mirror wall in that A reflector of 50mW is enough to use the filter effectively against viruses, because there several hundreds of reflection processes are to be expected from each laser beam. The use of UV laser beams also involves dangers. That is why good shielding against UV rays must be built in, as these are harmful to the skin. By using 222nm UV laser beams, the harmful effect can be reduced to a minimum.

The simplest variant of a mask with this filter has an opening in front (which should actually represent the air filter), in front of the mouth or nose, in which a UV laser beam barrier is created from UV laser beams perpendicular to the air flow axis. The barrier consists of UV laser beams that are emitted with such an intensity that the pathogens flowing there with the air are killed or rendered harmless. The filter with the UV laser beam wall neutralizes the pathogens that pass through this UV laser beam wall, but at the same time offers optimal shielding against UV radiation through the shielding elements so that it does not reach the skin of the person wearing the mask.

The filter should ideally be built in a ring shape. The circular shape is ideal for this because very high radiation densities can be generated there. The ring shape of the reflector acts like an optical resonator for the laser beams that are radially emitted there. Unfortunately, with UV fluorescent tubes or UV LEDs, the increase in radiation density in the ring-shaped mirror or in the optical resonator does not work at all, or at least not optimally. For an optimal operation of this resonator laser beams are required, e.g. emitted from laser diodes. In addition, the highest radiation density is recorded in the middle of the ring, or in the middle of the opening, which is perfectly suitable. There, exactly in the middle of the ring opening, the air moves fastest, because this is where the flow resistance is lowest. Because the air moves fastest there, a higher UV laser beam intensity is required there, which is easily achieved by the radial radiation. The further you get on the edge, the higher the air resistance when flowing and thus the flow speed decreases somewhat.

In contrast to some solutions from the prior art, a respirator with this filter is relatively light (brings only little weight), is comfortable to wear and looks almost like a conventional face mask / everyday mask. It consists of a mask body, which can be porous (even coarsely porous) and a filter, which has an annular shape and looks like a small vehicle tire (looks like the tire - without a rim!). The inner wall of the filter is a clear mirror inner wall and forms an optical resonator, which is extremely important for increasing the laser power inside the filter. The device has one or more UV laser emitters (UV laser diodes), the UV rays of which are emitted in the inner area of the filter transversely to the direction of air flow when inhaling and exhaling and thus generate a wall of UV rays. The tire shape of the filter housing ensures that the UV laser beams create a wall of light that does not hit the user's skin. The UV radiation is optimally shielded and is only emitted within the ring opening.

On the 1 is a respiratory protection mask 1 with the special filter 2 has been shown. The UV laser diode 3 is in the filter housing 4th built-in. It radiates in the inner area 5 of the filter / ring and their UV rays 6th are always from an opposing, clear mirror wall surface 7th be reflected back and forth several times within the filter / ring. Only UV laser diodes should be used as the UV radiation source. When installing UV laser diodes, these can be installed in such a way that they are in the circumference of the filter in the housing ring chamber 11 and whose rays are emitted radially, which are located in the center of the ring opening 12th meet. The filter housing 4th Depending on the size of the mask, it can have an outer diameter of approx. 20-80mm, while the hole or opening 12th in the middle, through which the air flows in and out, has a diameter of approx. 10-70mm. On the two edges 13th the air opening are on their inside 14th special UV absorbing rings 15th or coatings built in that the UV laser rays 6th that arrive there, absorb and convert them into heat. Because the opening is completely free and there are no obstacles in the way, the protective mask wearer does not feel any air resistance when breathing in and out. From 20mm air opening diameter for adults are optimal to be able to breathe easily. For athletes, air filters with an air opening diameter of 70mm or even larger can also be produced. Because the UV laser beams are emitted radially, and because of the special tire shape (to clarify - this does not only mean the ring shape, but a shape like the tire of a vehicle - without a rim) of the filter and two UV light absorbing rings 15th at both edges of the opening, the UV rays reach the mask wearer (user) 16 not at all. The wings of the U-shape of the cross-section provide optimal protection against UV radiation. To protect the UV light source and the mirror wall from fogging or dust, the ring opening should be used 12th a transparent pipe wall 17th built in, through which air is inhaled and exhaled, or the ring-shaped housing should be completely hermetically / encapsulated getting produced. The ring chamber 11 In this case, it is only transparent to the UV light radially in the direction of the ring opening, while the other walls are completely UV-shielding. The housing can be made of metal or plastic with an inner metal coating 18th be built. The metal coating protects it from UV rays, because otherwise the housing would quickly decompose and become porous due to the UV effect. The hollow cylinder wall / pipe wall 19th through which the breathing air flows and which the ring opening 12th forms, is transparent and lets the UV rays through completely. The air that flows there is irradiated by UV laser beams. The UV laser beams come there transversely, radially, predominantly at right angles to the air flow direction axis 20th and form a kind of firewall or radiation wall that is quite thin, but completely covering and very intense. The UV laser diodes 3 work most reliably because of their radiation geometry, coherence and parallel rays and offer optimal protection of the user from UV radiation. In addition, they are the only ones that remain optimally trapped in an optical resonator for longer. This is also one of the reasons why the laser diodes are used in this invention and not other UV light sources such as UV LEDs or UV fluorescent tubes. No other light source can create such a firewall, which “amplifies” itself enormously in the optical resonator. The radiation that is "amplified" by the reflector, which works almost like an optical resonator, is significantly more effective in fighting viruses than could be achieved with any other light source. The UV laser beams 6th penetrate radially through the transparent hollow cylinder wall 19th one, the pathogens hit 21 in the air in the ring opening 12th while air flow, travel further radially, penetrate again unhindered into the hollow cylinder wall 19th and meet the radial in the housing filter chamber 11 built-in mirror 7th , which reflects the UV laser beams back radially through the hollow cylinder wall. The reflections take place a few dozen times, so that the air in the ring opening is hit by UV laser beams that are many times stronger than would be the case with simple UV laser radiation without the reflector. The mirror wall 7th on the inner circumferential surface of the filter or ring chamber 11 should be manufactured precisely so that as little or hardly any light scattering occurs. The annular wall is aligned in such a way that it always reflects the radial radiation back from one mirror wall surface onto the other opposite mirror wall. The beam direction changes permanently with each reflection, it rotates to the left or right, but the laser beams always stay on one plane 22nd , namely radially to the air flow direction. You have to think of it like the hands of a clock that move and always point radially in a different direction, but all hands always stay on the same plane or planes arranged in parallel, regardless of what time they show. The ray plane 22nd is always at right angles (or almost at right angles) to the airflow axis 20th arranged. The mirror wall in the ring chamber can also be built like a ring or a short hollow cylinder (short tube) that covers the UV laser diode ( 2 ). There where the light rays exit 23 the UV laser diode is located, a small window of light appears 24 built in so that the UV laser beams radially unhindered this ring-shaped mirror wall 25th can happen. The UV laser beam then comes through the light window radially, traverses the hollow cylinder wall ( 17th , 19th ), the air with pathogens hits the ring opening 12th , penetrates through the hollow cylinder wall on the opposite side, meets the ring-shaped clear mirror wall 25th and is called a UV reflection ray 26th go through the whole process again and again and repeatedly travel back and forth until the laser beam is too weak due to partial light absorption effect or by hitting the absorbing rings 15th when trying to exit the filter. A laser diode 3 looking through a light window 24 Radially there emits a sharply bundled beam, the geometry of which, however, is almost like a triangle 27 looks like. This triangle of UV rays, the tip of which is formed by the UV laser diode, is arranged with its "surface" transversely to the air flow direction (axis) 20 and thus forms a radiation wall (laser curtain) 28 who have favourited the filter opening 12th able to close. The UV laser diode does not emit its beam directly diametrically, but rather deviates slightly from the diametrical line, because in this way none of the rays hit the UV laser diode again during the first reflection. Each ray of the "triangle" at each point forms the apex 29 another triangle again. Due to the cylindrical curvature of the mirror wall, the rays will diverge further and further from each other on one plane and thus completely close the filter opening 12th to. Because the beam reflection continues and the UV laser beams are reflected back and forth a few dozen times, this beam wall is often created almost at the same point (same level), which significantly increases the disinfection effect. This multiple wall of rays 28 consists practically of UV rays that are no longer parallel at all, but run in any direction. Such a relatively clearly defined wall of rays 28 However, this is only possible with UV laser beam sources such as UV laser diodes. When using, for example, UV LEDs and lenses, the UV rays can be reflected back and forth a few times, but dozens or even hundreds of reflections are difficult or impossible to achieve because the rays leave the filter after just a few reflections. The rays from a UV lamp, such as mercury lamps / fluorescent tubes, would leave the ring opening of the filter even faster. This is why these UV light sources are not used here. This filter resp. annular filter housing is very light, compact and built relatively small. It is a ring with an outer diameter of 20 - 80mm, an inner diameter of 10 - 70mm and a ring width of 8 - 15mm. All elements are integrated there. The UV laser diode (or several of them), the mirror wall, the electronic control 31 and the energy source 32 . The energy source consists of a small battery (e.g. lithium battery) that can be recharged.

The filter is mentioned as such, but from a practical point of view it is not a real filter at all, but a reflective ring chamber or hollow cylinder chamber, which forms a kind of optical resonator, through the opening of which the air flows unhindered. What does a "filter work" there is the UV laser beam barrier 28 that is created like a light wall (firewall) and the ring opening 12th closes. It is obvious that with this type of filter no dust particles or aerosols can be filtered out. But there is an effect against pathogens there and that is what this filter or the mask that is equipped with such a filter is all about. The required laser power of the laser diode depends on the size of the filter. The larger the opening for the air flow, the higher the laser power of the laser diode has to be in order to achieve effective disinfection. UV laser diodes with a power from 200mW are well suited for this and can do this work. In a prototype, a laser diode with 200mW laser power was used, with a significant laser beam intensity inside the filter being achieved through a ring-shaped reflector with a 28mm air opening. But you can also use stronger laser diodes (eg with 1W laser power) or install them several times in one or more smaller filters. The batteries are getting lighter and more powerful and the energy supply would not be the problem.

On the 3 is the transparent, short hollow cylinder 17th been shown again, the one in the air vent 12th of the filter is installed firmly and watertight. Through this hollow cylinder 17th the air flows when you inhale and exhale and it protects the UV laser diode 3 and the other electrical components from dust and moisture. In the circumference of the cylinder (outside) are the UV laser diodes 3 installed with radial beam direction. The diameter of the transparent cylinder is slightly larger than the edges 13th the air opening 12th and thus something looks covered by the edges. That prevents the UV laser rays 6th the mask wearer 16 reach. The air that flows through the hollow cylinder is completely hit by the UV rays, circularly, radially from all directions and disinfected. One or more UV laser diodes are in the circumference of the ring chamber 11 built in inside and radiate radially. But they are with a ring-shaped mirror wall 25th covered with very small windows of light 24 is equipped, each one of the UV laser diodes at their light exit points 23 are arranged, are assigned. Through these light windows 24 that are exactly in the beam direction of each UV laser diode 3 are positioned, the UV laser beams from laser diodes pass in completely and are emitted radially onto the air flow mass in the middle of the ring (into the ring opening). They cross the air masses and hit the mirror wall opposite, which means they are reflected back again. Because the light window for the UV laser diodes has a relatively small area, the loss of light from the reflection rays that hit back there is relatively small. In this way, the UV laser beams are effectively reflected radially back and forth several times.

On the 4th a fairly simple variant of the virus filter device has been shown. This respiratory protection mask (or the face mask) has at least one, preferably several UV laser diodes, which are transverse to the air flow axis 20th caused by inhalation and exhalation by the user (i.e. in front of the mouth in the mouth area or nose area), emits its UV laser beams. A laser diode with a power of at least 90mW would be necessary to successfully combat the pathogens in the air flowing at approx. 0.3 to 1.5m / s. Here, too, the UV radiation intensity is significantly increased by the inner mirror wall of the filter. When using laser diodes, the UV laser beams are sharply focused and form a light barrier 28 that have the air circulation input 12th completely through light rays or through a UV light wall 28 "conclude". Because the opening for the air flow in the respiratory protection mask is quite small (approx. 10 to 70mm in diameter), the UV radiation intensity there is very high. The air filter is between a few millimeters and a few centimeters long in the direction of the air flow. With an air filter length of 10mm and an air opening diameter of 30mm, the beam geometry can be designed so that the UV laser diode irradiates an area of approx. 8 x 30mm. All of the UV energy is released onto this small area and through the mirror wall surface 7th or ring-shaped mirror wall 25th reinforced several times. As a result, the air mass that the user inhales and exhales is completely "illuminated". Because the UV laser beams are strongly bundled and the inner surface of the filter is also clearly mirrored, which leads to numerous reflections, the effect against pathogens is increased many times over. When using one or more laser diodes, the beam arrangement or the beam wall is shaped in such a way that the UV laser beams are narrowly horizontal, almost all of them emitting parallel on one level 22nd but wide in the vertical direction so that the air opening 12th the respirator mask 1 is completely "closed" by UV laser beams. The air masses must pass through this light barrier when inhaling and exhaling. The viruses and bacteria in the air cross the opening at a speed of about 0.3-0.7m / s. They are only irradiated with UV laser beams on a 8mm path, which means a time period of approx. 0.03 to 0.06 seconds, but the UV light intensity is particularly increased by the mirror wall, which is very high, which neutralizes the viruses can cause. Without the mirror wall, dozens of UV laser diodes would be necessary in order to be able to achieve the same effect, with only a single 70mW UV laser diode being achievable here. Because affordable UV laser diode semiconductor chips generate UV rays with 222nm in the milliwatt range in order to be able to achieve a high UV laser diode output, it is proposed to integrate several UV semiconductor laser chips in one laser diode housing, which is the case with many Laser diodes, especially blue laser diodes, are already being made. They can generate a few dozen watts of laser power without any problems. The laser beams from several integrated laser semiconductor chips are no longer "clean", but the laser beam quality and beam purity are irrelevant for our purposes. This is primarily about the UV laser beam energy that is to be made available.

Because there are no physical barriers in the air inlet / outlet opening, the protective mask wearer hardly feels any air resistance when breathing in and out, or the air resistance is very low. This is why this mask is quite comfortable to wear compared to conventional masks, even for longer periods of time.

With all variants, the UV laser beams hardly penetrate to the outside because they are optimally shielded. The UV laser diode is inside the filter 2 hidden and it almost only illuminates the area around the air opening 12th in the filter represents. The UV light absorber rings 15th or a special edge coating absorbs the remaining UV rays that threaten to leave the filter. Due to the optical resonator properties of the ring mirror, the laser power or the radiation density in the space inside the filter is extremely high. But little comes out to the outside because the laser beams are reflected back and forth dozens or hundreds of times in the filter, which can only be done with laser beams.

Despite good shielding, protective screens can be provided on both sides of the air opening of the filter. These can be in the form of grids or a formation of slats 38 or annular lamellae or concentric rings 39 be built that slightly overlap each other at the edge at a small distance from each other, creating an air gap in each case, so that you can be sure that the UV laser radiation does not reach the mask wearer, but the air can flow freely and unhindered.

When the UV protection rings 115 are installed on the side of the reflector, then no UV laser rays penetrate to the outside anyway, because these two protective rings shield the UV radiation very well. The same can be said of the reflector's tire shape. The laser diodes are built so deep that they can no longer be seen from the outside. The UV laser beams can then only leave the reflector to the side to a minor extent than almost at right angles to the air flow axis, which no longer hits the wearer's face.

On the 6th is a variant with two round protective covers 35 that is slightly larger than the diameter of the air opening 12th are a few millimeters before and after the air opening outside the filter by spacers 40 are attached. The air flows on the edge 41 the protective cover and penetrates into the transparent hollow cylinder 17th which is flooded by the UV radiation radially from all sides. The protective screens and all elements that are used for UV shielding should be made of a UV-resistant material or metal-coated. Metal is ideally suited and insensitive to UV laser rays.

On the 7th is a variant with staggered and partly covered slats 42 has been shown. The slats partially cover each other so that good UV radiation shielding is guaranteed, but let the air through because they each leave a gap open in the direction of the air flow at the point where they overlap. From the perspective of the mask wearer, the lamellas look as if they would perfectly overlap each other, but if you look at them from the side, you can see that they are spaced apart, creating ring-shaped air gaps that allow the air to pass freely let flow. Something similar can be observed with sun louvres or window blinds. There, the sun's rays will not be able to get into the house through the window, but ventilation is possible without any problems.

8th shows a variant of the UV light shielding with concentric rings / ring lamellas 43 , the edges of which 44 partially overlap each other, which prevent the UV rays from reaching the skin of the mask wearer, but which also do not significantly hinder the flow of air. This version with ring-shaped lamellar construction provides reliable protection against UV laser beams that come from the UV laser diode. The lamellas cover each other at the edges and do not allow the UV radiation from the air opening to reach the mask user, but the air flows through the Air gaps continue unhindered. If you look at the lamellas from the side, you can see that they each have a distance from one another, which forms the air gaps. Here, too, the slats work almost like a window blind that protects against the sun's rays, but these slats are built in a ring shape. The air can flow almost unhindered between the slats.

All of these UV protection screens and UV protection variants reliably prevent the UV laser beams from reaching the user, but only slightly disturb the air circulation.

9 shows an embodiment in which the ring opening is protected against penetration of body parts by sensors. Usually only one IR sensor is sufficient here 45 or an inductance coil 46 in the circumference of the ring opening 12th to be installed, which can then detect a finger or part of the user's body inserted into the ring opening and immediately interrupts the UV radiation. Both types of sensors are built very small (SMD version) and work reliably. The IR variant ( 9a) works with the help of an IR transmitter / receiver unit 47 who have favourited IR signals through an IR LED 48 emits and its own IR signals 49 by the annular chamber wall 7th or a small rim built in for it 64 are reflected back, then by the IR sensor 50 receives again.

These signals are given by the introduction of a finger 51 disturbed in the air opening. An evaluation unit 52 evaluates the signal as an indication that something is in the beam area that does not belong and will initiate an interruption of the UV radiation in real time. The IR transmitting / receiving elements are built into the edge of the filter opening and do not hinder the air flow at all because they do not stand in the way. The UV light barrier / radiation wall is secured by a sensor, whereby it switches off the UV radiation source immediately if you accidentally put your finger in the radiation area or if the filter is pressed too close to the face.

The variant with the inductance coil 46 ( 9b and c ) is also effective and is also small in size. Here is a small air core coil 46 with an alternating current signal with a high frequency, e.g. 12 - 80 MHz, by an electronic oscillator 53 powered, the air core coil 46 Is part of a resonator circuit. The oscillation frequency is kept relatively stable by the air-core coil, with only minor frequency deviations occurring which are temperature-related. But if something comes in the immediate vicinity of the coil (e.g. a metallic object or parts of the body of a person), the inductance values of the air-core coil change abruptly and this is registered as a signal that interrupts the UV laser radiation by switching off the UV laser diode. The air core coil only needs a few turns and it can be installed in the circumference of the air opening. Best should be the coil 46 ring around the ring opening 12th Covered with a UV-absorbing layer, as a UV light absorber ring 15th to be built in. The sensitivity of the coil can be electronically regulated as desired and optimally, so that no incorrect shutdowns of the UV light source are caused. Both systems are very small and extremely light (weigh a few grams or even less than a gram). The coil has the same diameter as the ring opening, but consists of only a few turns and is barely noticeable. The electronic oscillating circuit consists of a simple oscillator circuit that everyone knows from electronics and can be integrated in a micro-housing with a volume of a few mm ³ . The power consumption for this is also in the mA range and is not worth mentioning. Nevertheless, if the manufacturer wants to bypass these protective systems, a thin grille can be used 54 Install before and after the filter opening and thus also very effectively achieve the same protective function. The respiratory protection mask would then be provided with a coarse mesh / grid, which only offers protection from the UV rays in the filter opening area by preventing the penetration of body parts there if UV protection screens are not to be installed.

The UV laser diode in the filter can be controlled by a sensor control / sensor system 55 automatically controlled and only activated when other people are in the room within a certain radius 56 to stay with mask wearer ( 10 ). If the people in the area are less than 2.5 m from the mask wearer, for example, the UV protection function can be activated. Or if someone coughs or sneezes, the UV protection function can be activated automatically by an electronic noise detection system, regardless of how far the coughing person is. Of course, the UV protection function will then shut down again after a few minutes or be switched off automatically. The sound recognition system that can detect coughing or sneezing of a person nearby has a microphone 57 on and an associated evaluation unit 58 who can recognize the sound.

With built-in radio modules 59 or radio interfaces, these respiratory masks from different mask wearers can be networked with one another and exchange information or data with one another when they are in the vicinity. The number of sneezes or coughs of the user can be recorded and this information is then passed on to the other mask wearers in the Proximity (within range of radio modules, e.g. 10m). The respirators equipped with such hardware can generate visible light signals via flashing RGB LEDs or a small display 60 send out. The RGB-LED-s can change their light color (via voltage control) as desired and each color could indicate an assigned meaning. For example, a flashing red LED light color would mean that you should not get too close to the other person wearing the mask, because he might be sick because he coughed or enjoyed far too often. A steady green LED would mean that there is no risk of infection.
Because silver is known to be effective against pathogens, the material can also be used in respiratory protection masks. The components of the mask can be made of silver, for example the filter housing, or they can be silver-coated. Thin silver threads can also be woven into the respirator body.
The mechanical components, the filter housing and brackets in the filter can be made of silver or silver-coated. Silver has an antibacterial effect and can therefore protect against bacteria. Especially when someone sneezes or coughs, micro-droplets (aerosols) can stick there, which are also neutralized by the antibacterial effect of the silver.

The effect of the UV laser beams is amplified many times over by the clear mirror wall 7th (or the ring mirror 25th ), which is built into the filter, some of which has optical resonator properties. The inner walls (mirror walls / mirror surfaces) of the filter are constructed in such a way that they always reflect the UV laser beams against each other within the ring. The mirror wall forms a reflector that can be imagined as a ring or a short tube that is approx. 8-10mm wide (long) and has an inner diameter of approx. 20 to 70mm. The annular or tubular wall of the filter can be flat or slightly curved at the two edges. In the latter case, the filter housing looks almost like a vehicle rubber tire (without the rim, of course). The goal is to reflect the laser beam emitted by a UV laser diode back and forth within the inner walls of the ring several times for as long as possible. The UV laser diode (or several of them) is integrated in the reflector wall, with the radial direction of the beam on the opposite mirror wall 7th . The UV laser beams stay there a little longer due to multiple reflections. Every time the rays hit a mirror wall, they are thrown back onto the opposite wall. The curvature of the mirror wall at the edges causes light to be scattered, but this only takes place on one level. Because the rays never hit the same point of the mirror, they are reflected back in this way at different angles, but they are always on the same plane and are constantly thrown back and forth between the inner wall surfaces / mirror walls of the reflector. Because the ring-shaped mirror wall reflects the UV rays more broadly with each reflection in the transverse direction to the air flow direction, they cover the entire air opening after just a few reflections and form a dense radiation wall / UV light barrier. Even so, the UV laser rays remain trapped in the ring because the rays remain on a narrow plane. They stay within the ring until they come to the edge through numerous reflections so that these through the edge rings 15th be absorbed. They don't come out so easily, or only after they have been reflected back and forth a few dozen times. The more precisely the mirror wall is built, or the inner wall surface is optimally directed towards one another in such a way that it always maintains multiple reflections, the higher the efficiency of the decontamination effect. A parallel alignment of the mirror surface causes the laser beams to travel back and forth several dozen or even hundreds of times in the inner area of the ring mirror and in this way hit the viruses and bacteria with high intensity while the air is flowing. The more often the laser beams are reflected back and forth, the higher the radiation density and thus the stronger the decontamination performance within the filter. A considerable effect can therefore be achieved even with a low laser beam power. The UV laser beams from the UV laser diode are absorbed a little each time and with each reflection by the mirror surfaces of the reflector, but the radiation density and thus the disinfection effect is continuously increased with each reflection. The UV laser diode should be covered with a mirror for optimal radiation distribution in the interior of the reflector. The UV rays penetrate through a thin slit or a small opening or a light window of the mirror in the radial direction (radial plane) and hit the air masses in the ring opening. The laser beam should not be punctiform but a sharp line that is projected transversely to the air flow axis. Because the UV laser beams move more and more away from the center area of the reflector after a large number of reflections and approach the edges, the two edges of the reflector are each with an annular coating or with a ring / absorber ring each 15th that absorbs the laser beams. This prevents the laser beams from being finally absorbed after the laser beams reach the end area of the reflector through numerous reflections and leave the ring area or threaten to escape outside. The absorption also has another positive side effect: the reflector / mirror wall becomes a little warmer and the mirror surface remains free of fog. In order to protect the user from the UV laser rays, the shape of the filter is optimal chosen. The shape of the tire offers very good protection. The air that is inhaled and exhaled by the user has to pass through the reflector ring and there the air is always hit several times by UV laser beams. The more precisely the reflector walls are built, the more often the laser beams can be reflected back and forth, which significantly increases the air disinfection properties while maintaining the same laser power. The laser beams should hit the mirror wall in the middle as possible. Because the laser beams are always reflected inside the ring at a different angle or in a different direction, the formation of weakened interference areas due to overlapping of the laser beams is not to be expected. Due to the curvature of the inner mirror surface of the ring-shaped reflector, the laser beams become wider and wider with each reflection. However, the overall beam guidance in the reflector is preserved quite well because the laser beams all travel back and forth on one level, but do not leave the reflector, at least initially. Of course, after a few dozen or hundreds of reflection processes, the rays are also partially absorbed by the mirror and part of them will leave the ring or hit the light-absorbing layers at the edges. The laser beams inside the reflector will travel a few dozen or even hundreds of meters before they are absorbed, although the reflector is quite small with a diameter of 20-70mm. Think of it like two parallel mirrors on which a laser beam falls, which is then reflected back and forth a few dozen times before the beam leaves the mirror area. With the ring reflector, which is built like an internally mirrored, short hollow cylinder with a diameter of approx. 20 - 70mm, the laser beams can only leave the ring area after a large number of reflections, because the inner mirror surface of the ring (or short tube) is always keeps the rays on the same plane at a different angle. Because the laser beams then also propagate in the direction of the axis of rotation of the reflector after numerous reflections, they will be able to leave the ring.

In order to protect the reflector against fogging of the breathable air, a small, electrical heating element / heating element can also be built into the mirror wall, which heats the reflector to 40 - 45 ° C so that fogging no longer occurs. However, there is no need to install a heating element because the UV light source elements also heat up and this heat can be dissipated through the housing of the filter and thus also the mirror wall at the same time - heat sink effect. With the encapsulated variants, no breathing air comes into contact with the mirror wall, so it is not necessary to heat the mirror. Here the breathing air flows through the ring opening and there comes into contact with the transparent inner ring wall and there it can be fogged up. In that case the inner ring wall can be equipped with a heating element. The filter wall can also be equipped with cooling fins.

Depending on how well and precisely the reflector is manufactured, the better its reflector properties will be. It is important that the wall of the reflector is always arranged parallel to the air flow axis at every point. The reflector is built in such a way that it traps the UV laser beams there for a short period and prevents them from spreading into the environment. The laser beams can be reflected back and forth dozens or hundreds (ideally even thousands of times), which means an enormous increase in the performance of the disinfection effect while the laser diode output remains the same. With 150 reflections of a laser beam, the effect of a 70mW UV laser diode would be almost as strong as using a 10W laser diode without reflection. Because the area that is irradiated is relatively small (approx. 8x20 - 8x70mm), the UV radiation intensity is very high and can kill viruses and bacteria within a few milliseconds. This only works optimally with UV laser beams. If you were to use UV light emitting diodes or even UV fluorescent tubes instead of laser diodes, the precise alignment and multiple reflections between the mirror walls would be a thing of the past. The UV-LED-s and UV-fluorescent tubes emit relatively diffuse light and it would be scattered by the reflector. In this case, a reliable shielding of the UV rays would have to be ensured. In addition, the laser beams fight the viruses very reliably. Their bundled energy is effective and can damage the genetic structure of the viruses extremely quickly and limit or completely inactivate their activity. Therefore, only laser diodes are used in the invention. Almost all types of laser beams work against viruses, and almost all laser beam colors have a neutralizing effect. It's just a matter of the laser power that is used. You can use green or yellow, blue or IR laser diodes. The red emitting laser has the least effect, but with a corresponding laser power that would also work. Different light beam colors, however, require different laser powers to neutralize the viruses with the same irradiation time. With red lasers, a higher laser power is necessary to achieve the same effect as with green laser beams. In the case of UV laser diodes, in particular UV-C laser diodes, the required laser power is the lowest, but they need an effective shield against the user of the mask. The simplest shielding method is the one with the round protective cover and spacer that is on the 6th has been represented or by a lamellar system (on the 7th ).

On the 11 a filter has been shown with a mirror wall in which the UV laser rays 6th be emitted in a wide and parallel beam, which, however, mainly remain within the mirror walls and are reflected back and forth countless times by the mirror walls. Because the laser beams are emitted, for example, through a light deflection element or a lens approx. 8-10mm wide and with parallel rays, an equally wide light wall will serve as a barrier for the viruses. The viruses have to cross this 8-10mm in order to get into the breathing zone of the user. While the viruses cover the 8-10mm in the reflector, they are constantly being bombarded with multiple UV rays and thereby neutralized. The UV laser diode is in the ring chamber 11 either on the mirror wall or from the middle 33 the ring opening 12th seen from behind a mirror wall 25th built-in and shines through a small opening in the form of an elongated slot window / light window 24 into the ring opening 12th pure, almost radial. The rays are arranged in parallel and their geometry looks like a thin wall of light that is approx. 8 to 10mm wide, very thin (approx. 0.1 to 1mm) and as long as the inner diameter of the filter. This light wall is arranged in such a way that it stands in the way of the air flow with the narrow side. The long side of the light window through which the UV laser beams penetrate the reflector is like the axis of the flow direction 20th arranged. Because of this, the UV laser beam appears very narrow in the direction of flow. The UV rays cross the light window 24 that is covered with a transparent pane and get into the mirror wall area inside the filter. The rays are then reflected back from the opposite side of the mirror wall. The rays reflected back are no longer narrow in the direction of flow, but from the outside they look like a triangle 27 off, its tip 29 stands at the reflection point. The broad side of the triangle now meets the opposite mirror wall of the reflector and a beam reflection is generated from each point, which forms the tip of a new triangle. In this way, after a few reflections, the rays become so wide that they completely “close” the air opening of the filter with UV rays. Due to this special geometry, however, the UV rays do not leave the reflector area as quickly but are always reflected back and forth within the reflector through the mirror walls, which forms a very intensely radiant light barrier. With a UV laser diode that produces only 70mW laser power, as much can be achieved in this way as a 30-80W laser diode with a laser beam wall without reflection would produce. Nowadays, very small laser diodes can achieve this level of performance. However, the closer you get to the 200nm wavelength, the weaker the UV laser diodes produced become, because the semiconductor medium no longer emits the radiation optimally. At 200nm, only powers in mW ranges are generated per semiconductor chip. However, you can combine a large number of chips and increase the performance significantly, which will affect the quality of the laser beam. For our purposes, the quality of the laser beam is absolutely irrelevant, so no pure laser beam is required, so the connection and integration of many semiconductor chips in one laser diode is an excellent solution. Here laser power (quantity) is needed and not a quality laser beam. Another disadvantage that increases with UV laser diodes with their shorter UV wavelengths is their low efficiency. At a wavelength of less than 250 nm, only approx. 5 - 10% of the power invested is converted into UV laser output energy, the rest is lost as heat. However, they are also getting better every time due to the rapid technical development. There are already expensive, high-performance prototypes that convert 30-50% of the power output into UV-C laser power, but they are not yet suitable for our purposes because of the price.

To increase the disinfection effect, the filter or the reflector tube can also be made a little longer, e.g. 3-10cm long, which means an even more effective fight against viruses, because they will stay there longer when inhaled, but then this increases Danger of fogging and thus the weakening of the UV radiation. In addition, the respiratory protection mask would then be quite impractical, unwieldy, and also looks quite strange (a kind of beaked animal mask).

On the 12th an advanced variant has been shown in which almost everything runs automatically. Here is a small motion detector, presence sensor or IR sensor 61 built-in, which can register the presence of other people and therefore automatically activate the "firewall function" against viruses. The sensor can distinguish these from objects on the basis of the remote detection of the body heat of the people present. It is even possible to determine whether or not these people have a fever based on the body temperature of the people around them. In the event of a fever, a corresponding warning can be given to the mask user. IR camera modules can also be used as motion detectors or presence sensors 62 , IR sensors with IR laser diodes or ultrasonic sensors / distance sensors are used, which work in a similar way to distance warning devices in vehicles. Automatically controlled by such sensors, the 200mW UV laser diode can be switched on and thus irradiate the air flow when breathing in and out. By a flow sensor 63 the UV laser power can be automatically adapted to the breathing rate. This variant regulates the function of the UV laser diodes automatically and spares the battery clear, because the light barrier against pathogens is only created when required. Of course, the user can decide for himself whether he wants automatic protection or permanent protection or whether he wants to control the protective measures manually. For this, a small switch / switching system, which works mechanically, electronically through touch sensors / touch control panel or via voice activation, would have to be built into the respirator or in the filter housing, which simply controls these processes. The IR sensors or motion detectors can nowadays be built very small (rice grain size). The UV laser diodes including controls are also greatly miniaturized. Both are available in corn grain size or in SMD design. The housing is used for heat dissipation as described 4th of the filter used. The reflector can be made of metal, but also of other materials or materials (ceramic, UV-resistant plastic, break-proof glass or plexiglass). A controller regulates the function of the UV laser diode in coordination with the motion detector. As soon as another person approaches the user and falls below a certain distance, e.g. 2m or 1.5m, the UV radiation barrier is automatically activated. Instead of the motion detector, a presence sensor or IR sensor can also be installed there, which can detect a warm body and then automatically transmit a signal to the controller. Of course, such a function can also be operated manually and the automatic control can be overridden.

The light window 24 that is in the mirror wall 25th is built in, through which the UV laser beams penetrate radially into the air opening of the filter, should be as small as possible. It can be installed in the form of a hole or a thin slot parallel to the direction of air flow. A partial mirror window can also be installed so that the light almost completely passes through in one direction, but blocks or reflects the light in the other direction. A correction lens or mirror is installed on the radiation output of the UV-C laser diode, which generates the desired geometry of the UV radiation. The rays are coming out of the window 24 exit, parallel beam the opposite mirror wall 25th there, project a thick line arranged transversely to the air flow axis and then hit the other side of the wall again. Because the mirror wall on which the rays hit is slightly curved (after all, it is the wall of a hollow cylinder), they become wider with each reflection across the air flow axis (more precisely: the projected laser line becomes longer and longer, but not wider), but do not leak outwards. Due to the diverse reflection of the rays and a kind of "rotation" of the direction of the rays, the entire opening is completely shielded by UV rays. A thin laser beam wall or a kind of firewall is formed that completely illuminates the air mass flowing in and out there. The rays inside the ring / tube are reflected in all possible directions in the ring or the tube, just not outwards. The path that the rays travel there will be a few dozen or even hundreds of meters with precise, high-quality reflector production, even though the reflector is only 20-70mm in diameter. It does not matter whether the filter housing is made of metal, ceramic, glass, plastic or any other material. It should be stable, UV-resistant and, above all, the mirror wall should be built so precisely that the UV rays stay in the air opening area for as long as possible in order to be able to achieve maximum radiation intensification. The mirror wall can be imagined as a piece of tube / hollow cylinder that consists of a thin, solid or elastic wall. In the area of the air opening, in the circumference of which the mirrored inner wall is located, jets are emitted once there, which run parallel, radially and in the transverse plane to the air flow direction, remain in the pipe section for a long time because the walls always point the jet inside the pipe and will reflect here. “Quite long” does not mean the time, but the total light beam path, which can be around dozen or even hundreds of meters in the pipe.

The filter housing is completely encapsulated and watertight to protect the inner wall mirror and the UV laser diode. The body parts of the user are very well protected by the special geometric shape of the filter housing and the UV laser radiation is shielded to such an extent that hardly anything escapes to the outside. Mainly two absorber rings 15th at the edges of the transparent wooden cylinder wall, through which the breathing air flows, ensure that the UV rays that would escape to the outside are absorbed. In addition, you also have protective screens 35 can be installed, which are also UV-absorbent or equipped with a UV light absorber layer. A protective grille can be used for mechanical protection 38 protect the opening of the filter. The grid can be built with a large mesh so that there is no breathing resistance.

In the case of variants without protective screens, despite UV absorber rings and the special geometric shape or tire shape of the filter housing, which provides very good shielding because the UV light source is not visible from the outside in the filter housing, a very small amount of UV rays may arrive on the user's face due to numerous reflections within the filter opening, but that would be harmless. In particular, if you use the UV laser diodes, there is almost no UV radiation outside the filter. In addition, the UV rays from the UV laser diode (optional) with a wavelength of 222 nanometers, which is almost harmless to the skin. Nevertheless, you can protect your face with sunscreen before using a mask.

A small lithium cell (battery) can be used as an energy source. 32 built-in, which is rechargeable and maybe also detachable, in order to be able to quickly exchange it for another when it becomes empty. Power connections in the form of contact surfaces for charging in a charging station or induction coils can also be installed. In that case, the energy source would no longer have to be removed for the charging process. All electronic and electrical components can be installed compactly in a specially designed housing or even in the filter housing, which is then threaded 9 or a closure or a magnet system could easily be attached to the respiratory protection mask or mouthguard. A magnetic ring or an iron ring could be used in the mask body 65 integrate (weave in, sew in), on which the ring filter housing accordingly with magnetic parts / magnetic ring or iron ring 66 then magnetically from the outside of the mask body 67 adheres. If the respiratory protection mask or face mask needs to be washed, then these parts are removed or, even better, just the ring-shaped filter (the ring-shaped filter housing) 4, in which all the elements are built in compactly, and the mask is simply put in the washing machine a. The ring-shaped filter with all the elements integrated in its housing would weigh around 20-50 grams, with the battery taking most of the weight. Numerous automated functions and “if necessary” switching technology for the UV laser diode save a lot of energy, which enables long use per battery charge. A UV laser diode consumes approx. 20-50mA, which is very energy-saving. The UV laser diodes convert approx. 5-30% of the electrical energy into UV laser power. The shorter the wavelength, the lower the efficiency of the laser diodes, because the UV laser radiation from the semiconductor is “difficult to extract”. The emission is braked internally, the UV radiation intensity falls rapidly and the heat development increases. Nonetheless, the UV laser diodes reduced emission wavelengths of up to 210 nm are almost only in the mW range, but can still be used. Below that, the efficiency is relatively low or even no longer available. Nowadays there are UV laser diodes that emit UV radiation with 222nm and thereby generate approx. 70mW laser power (some prototypes can do significantly more, but they have not yet gone into series production). However, by integrating several inexpensive semiconductors with less laser power in a single laser diode housing, one can generate a significantly higher laser power, which is even sufficient in the watt range. The laser beam would no longer be “knotless”, but that is irrelevant for the purposes of this invention.

On the 13th is a UV antivirus filter module variant that only consists of a filter housing 4th with UV laser diodes 3 , Steering 31 and energy source 32 exists without the mask body. This is where the filter housing is attached 4th an anatomically shaped, soft edge 68 built in to the face of the user 16 is pressed and for example with rubber bands 69 be attached there. The breathing air passes through the air opening without resistance 12th of the filter and disinfected by UV laser diode. Because there is no air resistance when breathing, it is no longer necessary to press it against the user's face and to provide perfect, seamless insulation. The air is only slightly inhaled or exhaled from the side. A mask body is therefore not absolutely necessary. The filter as such, in which all accompanying elements are built in and has a compact design, can be used on its own completely without the mask body. It would be enough if you had a small rubber band / fastening tape on the filter 69 (e.g. with a Velcro fastener) and a rubber / silicone edge, which can then be attached to the face. The barrier made of UV rays / rays wall 28 (or additional IR laser beams) are built up and the user breathes through the opening of the filter without breathing resistance, as if he had no filter in front of his nose (or mouth). The viruses are neutralized while breathing. When sneezing, however, the viruses can get through the light barrier at least partially undamaged into the environment because the flow speed is very high. A sensor (for example a microphone) 57 and an evaluation unit 58 can nevertheless recognize the sneezing noise immediately during the first milliseconds, or at least record the posture of the head immediately before sneezing by means of a position sensor and control an automatic, brief increase in power of the laser diodes in real time. The power increase of the laser beam intensity takes place very quickly (within microseconds) and can be used reliably. The air flow sensor can also detect the cough or sneeze on the basis of the increase in the air flow, but this can be done with a little time delay. The position sensors react much faster 70 or the sound sensors that recognize coughing or sneezing noises. High-quality UV laser diodes can easily be briefly overloaded without damaging them.

In all variants, the UV laser diode can be activated or deactivated manually at any time using a switch or voice control.

This respirator mask or face mask works very reliably in both directions. That means that a healthy user cannot be infected by another person and vice versa if the mask wearer is infected himself. He cannot infect other people with viruses if he wears the respiratory mask (or the UV antivirus module variant, which does not require a mask body and only consists of the filter, reflector and UV laser diodes). However, it should be mentioned that this respiratory protection mask with the UV antivirus module is not able to neutralize 100% of the viruses if you have to cough or sneeze. The air flow speed is unfortunately quite high (in the worst case up to 30m / s) and the viruses can be thrown 8-10 meters, which brings with it a high risk of infection. Despite concentrated power and good radiation density in the reflector ring, at least some of the viruses can survive the UV radiation. Sure, if you were to provide a 100W laser power in the reflector for a short time, then no viruses would survive even at 80m / s and that is also technically feasible nowadays, but such powerful laser emitters are rather unsuitable for a respirator because they and their accompanying elements are quite heavy and the UV radiation could slowly become dangerous for the mask wearer.

When using ring reflectors or short-tube reflectors (which are shaped like a short tube with inner mirror surfaces), a very small part of the UV rays is also returned to the UV radiation source through numerous reflection processes. The rays are reflected again by multiple reflections, for example in the UV laser diode 10 penetrate again are not very intense and cannot cause damage or overheating of the laser diode. You can still use a small partial mirror / half reflector / half mirror element 71 in front of the UV laser diode beam exit 72 built in, which reflects back the rays hitting there from outside, but allows the UV rays from the laser diode to pass through unhindered. In the past, such partial mirror elements were often built into laser emitters in order to bring about a laser beam amplification within the active medium.

With rapid air movement through the air opening of the filter in the reflector ring, the UV output must be higher in order to neutralize all viruses or bacteria located there than is the case with slow air movement. Because the pathogens move away from the UV zone relatively quickly at higher air flow speeds, a higher UV radiation intensity is necessary in order to be able to carry out the decontamination effect properly. On the other hand, at low flow velocities, energy would be wasted if the UV radiation source was operated at full intensity, even if this could be achieved with lower power. The device can be fitted with a flow rate meter 73 equipped and with a UV laser diode power regulator 74 be coupled. This would result in an automatic control of the UV radiation output or UV intensity, which is adapted to the UV radiation intensity depending on the speed at which the air flows in or out. The flow velocity meter monitors the breathing air cycles and the breathing air flow rate in real time and uses this to control the output of the UV light source in real time. In this way, energy-saving, constant and continuous disinfection of the breathing air is achieved.

Another variant that is based on the 14th is shown, consists of a hollow chamber 75 that is spherical (hollow sphere) or donut-shaped and with a flow opening 76 is provided for air flow. A transparent tube should be placed in the flow opening 17th be installed (but does not necessarily have to be). The tube is cylindrical in shape. Because the pipe is quite short and the air flows through it, hardly any condensation forms on the wall. The inner wall of the hollow chamber / hollow sphere 75 is completely clear mirrored. A small opening / light window 24 serves to keep the UV rays from outside or behind a double-walled mirror construction 93 to bring built-in UV laser diodes into the hollow chamber. Because UV laser diodes are relatively small, they can be installed directly in the mirror wall 7th possible without any problems. However, they should be placed outside the mirror and the laser beam should penetrate through a very small window in the mirror room. This ensures that the laser diode does not get in the way of the laser beams reflected back and forth and then absorbs them unnecessarily. The direction of the UV laser beams is almost radial, or rather, they are emitted on the radial plane so that they can be spread more quickly from the opposite mirror wall into the hollow chamber through reflections. The air flows through the two flow openings or through the transparent tube 17th , back and forth. For a variant with the square or oval filter housing ( 15th ) the air flows through the transparent tube 17th that looks like a square frame, in and out. Because the laser beams are reflected back and forth several dozen or hundreds of times by the mirrors into the hollow chamber, they can decontaminate the air there (or in the transparent tube) and also an air flow through the filter. In the hollow sphere, the UV rays or the UV laser rays can be reflected back and forth for a longer time and thus the UV radiation density can be increased significantly. Here the laser emitter can emit a relatively wide beam (beam cone) into the sphere because it is reflected back in every direction through the inner mirror wall of the hollow sphere, and always in that direction meet opposite wall surface. The weak point here are the two openings for the air flow, which also mean an exit for the UV rays. This is why protective screens have to be installed here too, and the ring-shaped slats are ideal for this 43 suitable. The variant with the hollow sphere is effective, but it is significantly larger, more elaborately built and can also bring a little more weight than the variant with the ring mirror element (optical resonator). Cleaning is also more complex, which is why the ring mirror variant is preferred in every respect for mass production.

18th also shows a filter with the hollow ring housing ( 4th , 11 ), one or more UV-C laser diodes 3 being installed there. The UV laser beams are sharply bundled and leave the space between the mirror walls with a precise structure and mirror walls running parallel to the air flow axis, only after a few dozen times of reflections. That makes them more controllable. In addition, the laser diodes can emit clean light in certain wavelengths. For our purposes, for safety and UV protection, the UV rays at 222nm are ideal. For this reason, UV laser diodes should be selected that emit such radiation. In order to be able to fix the filter better on the wearer's face, soft nose supports (e.g. made of silicone) are used 91 , as well as chin rests 92 suggested.

The filters described here for respiratory protection masks, half masks or face masks can be used in hospitals, medical practices, as well as by private individuals or members of the military in the event of danger. They are ideal for doctors or surgeons. In particular, during waves of flu or dangerous, highly contagious diseases such as COVID-19 and other mutations thereof, doctors and hospital staff in general belong to groups at risk who can be effectively protected by such masks. The UV-C radiation destroys all types of viruses very effectively, quickly and reliably. Whether influenza (H1N1), COVID / corona viruses and their mutations, bacterial pathogens, measles, plague, Ebola or future viruses, such as a future flubola (a combination between flu and Ebola), measola (virus jump and RNA - Partial / protein integration of measles and Ebola), or other types of bacteria or viruses occur, plays almost no role in the method with UV-C radiation. This method reliably protects even from now unknown types of viruses. The great thing about it is that neither viruses nor bacteria can defend themselves or develop a resistance to it. The radiation destroys the viruses by causing mechanical or physical damage. Molecular structures and bonds are destroyed or changed so that the viruses or bacteria can no longer do anything. There are viruses and bacteria that have a lipid shell that is somewhat resistant to UV light, but that too can be overcome with a corresponding UV radiation output. The mask, which is equipped with such a UV lamp, can stop significantly more pathogens than is possible with conventional masks. Unfortunately, the viruses are very small (e.g. the size of the COVID-19 corona virus is approx. 120-150nm) and can easily penetrate through the mask's filters. The masks usually have a pore size of approx. 200 nm or more, which more or less lets such viruses through. The UV radiation, on the other hand, leaves no gaps open. In particular, the pathogens are intensively irradiated through multiple reflections of the UV rays within the reflector.

The UV radiation elements and corresponding reflectors can also be built into a mask several times, but are not absolutely necessary because the economic efficiency of the device is then no longer optimal. The mask equipped with this device can also be used in other areas, e.g. in the military sector.

To combat viruses and bacteria, strong infrared laser diodes (IR laser diodes) can be used instead of or in addition to UV laser beams. 77 be used. The infrared laser beams are also reflected back and forth several times by the reflector. Due to the large number of reflections in the reflector, the pathogens are irradiated several times or so intensely that they can be destroyed by the thermal effect of the IR rays alone. Their lipid shell can be damaged and the viruses become inactive. The IR laser diodes can be used instead of UV laser diodes or both together in the filter and filter mirror reflector ( 19th ). The double action can increase the effectiveness. A scientific study shows that the viruses can very well be destroyed by infrared laser diodes. The higher the laser power, the faster the effect occurs. In this case, the anti-virus effect was successfully tested with a 0.5W laser diode. Because there was no air flow there or this was not taken into account, the necessary irradiation time was very short. Laser pulses with a wavelength of 850 nm in the femtosecond range (80 femtoseconds) were emitted, with the laser beams being emitted point-like or strongly focused (https://www.photonics.com/Articles/Laser destroys bacteria and viruses without using / a37465) . Of course, with point focusing (almost in the micrometer range) of a laser beam, a very high radiation density is generated, at which even 80 Femtoseconds would be enough to destroy the viruses. In a similar way, an IR laser diode (eg 720 - 900 nm) can be used for the filter here for the respiratory protection mask. Although no point laser beam is emitted here with the invention, the additional ring-shaped reflector built in here helps us, which increases the radiation density. In addition, the virus is not irradiated for 80 femtoseconds with the mask, but for a few milliseconds, which increases the chances of inactivating or destroying it. In addition, a 2 to 5W IR laser diode can be used, the laser power of which is suitably reduced by the controller. The IR laser diode emits the air is not noticeably heated because the laser beams are only absorbed by pathogens and dust particles. Thus, the user hardly notices a rise in temperature of the air to be breathed that comes through the mask. It should be mentioned that the filter with the reflector does not have to be integrated or built into the mask one hundred percent, because due to the lack of a difference in compressed air (the filter does not provide any air resistance), almost no air flows into the mask outside the reflector opening will.

A decontamination effect with intensive laser radiation can also be achieved with other laser beams (yellow, green, red, orange, blue or the aforementioned IR laser beams), but the effect is significantly less than that achieved with UV-C laser beams can. The IR laser beams kill the pathogens mainly through thermal effects, i.e. they heat the pathogens slightly above their survival temperature, so that their chemical components are thermally changed. For some pathogens, a temperature of 70-110 ° C is sufficient to neutralize them. The higher the temperature, the faster the effect can occur. An IR laser diode with 2W laser power in a ring mirror element with a diameter of 30mm heats the very small viruses at lightning speed. The heating takes place within milliseconds. Effective decontamination is thus achieved even during a rapid flow of air masses. The high radiation intensity due to the numerous radiation reflections significantly shortens the irradiation time. The air is hardly heated at all because the IR laser beams are hardly absorbed by it. Because the viruses are so small, they are heated to 70-110 ° C within microseconds with IR laser irradiation (depending on the IR laser diode power and mirror quality, well over 110 ° C), almost independently of the ambient air temperature. The thermal energy will not act on the viruses by convection but directly via laser beam energy, so that they are not protected by the aerosols, which are almost transparent for IR radiation.

The filter and the reflector mirror inside can be built with all elements, including UV / IR laser diodes, energy source, flow velocity meter, IR sensors and other accompanying components, compactly in a housing with small dimensions (e.g. cylindrical: 10mm high and with a diameter of 20-60mm). In this way you can quickly retrofit masks that have already been made. It is conceivable to install a standardized fastening device in the reflector, by means of which it can be quickly installed in the military masks (e.g. screw thread, snap-in mechanisms or, even better, magnet fastening systems).

The mirror wall of the reflector or the optical resonator should be built in such a way that it absorbs the UV laser rays (or the IR rays) as little as possible and reflects them optimally. The short pipe-air line in the middle should also be made of a material / glass that does not absorb UV rays (such glass materials have been on the market for a very long time). The higher quality the mirror is built in the filter, the better the effect. This increases the decontamination effect enormously, even with very little radiation output from the radiation sources or laser diodes that are installed there. It is important that the mirror wall is a clear mirror and not a diffuse reflector layer. With diffuse reflectors, the laser beams are only slightly amplified within the reflector space, so that they are unsuitable for the invention. However, very cheap, inferior clear mirrors can also be used if the laser diode power is a little higher, because this “deficiency” of the mirror can be more or less compensated for.

The filter and the accompanying elements can also be designed as a kit for subsequent integration into a respiratory protection mask. In particular, the variant with magnetic ring attachment is optimally applicable. Here you would only have to punch a hole in an existing mask or cut out a round surface that is slightly smaller than the filter opening and then attach the filter there. Anyone could do this very easily: place the UV laser filter on the mask, use a pen to move the round filter opening and draw a circle on the mask. Exactly this circle would have to be cut out of the mask and the filter attached there. Attaching is also quite easy. Place the ring magnet on the inside of the opening on the mask and place the filter on the mask on the outside. The magnetic force then does the rest. The thin magnetic ring sticks to the filter and at the same time presses the edge of the round cut, so that a reliable attachment is achieved. The edge of the round cut of the mask is pressed between the magnetic ring and the filter edge. By the way, where the magnet side is is irrelevant. The ring inside the mask can be built in the form of a magnetic ring, or it can be a simple piece of iron covered with fabric, in which case the magnetic side on the filter is at its edge. Both elements, both the ring and the filter edge, could also be magnetic, only in that case one would have to pay attention to the polarity of the ring. If both elements are magnetic, the adhesive force would be a little stronger.

The advantage of laser diodes is that they can also emit in the deep UV-C range. The UV rays with a wavelength of 222nm are almost harmless to the skin. But the laser diodes for this area deliver relatively low beam power. From research circles it is known, however, that there are breakthroughs in this area and that there are prototypes of laser diodes that can emit UV radiation at 222nm in the watt range.

Because the UV laser beams are reflected back and forth several times in the reflector between its inner mirror surface, the mirror surface should be as clear as possible in order to avoid diffuse reflections and thus a loss of beam. The shape of the reflector, if it were to do without a mask body and should also include the breathing air near the user's nose, would have to be shaped accordingly and no longer have a simple short hollow cylinder / tube shape or ring shape, but an anatomically suitable shape 78 equipped with a mouth and nose area ( 20th ). The reflection property would also then be guaranteed because the inner wall of the reflector nevertheless always reflects the UV rays onto the opposite surface (or offset opposite). However, the mirror surfaces should overall run parallel to the air flow axis, because otherwise the radiation will quickly leave the reflector. This reflector with this shape can also be used independently and without the mask body. That would be a kind of face mask, but without a mask body and without a filter made of fabric or cell structure, which would consist of an anatomically shaped housing and only be equipped with the UV radiation barrier through which all pathogens have to pass. Because there are no air obstacles in the form of filters, this device does not increase the breathing resistance and the air can flow absolutely unhindered in both directions when breathing in / out, there is also no fear that the air will get into the breathing air at the side of the device. Thus, the respiratory protection mask or the device that is designed without a mask body does not have to be pressed too hard against the face, but only slightly leaned against or attached by a rubber band. It goes without saying that a very low level of UV radiation will emerge from the mirror wall of the filter in spite of the absorber rings, but if the UV laser beams with a wavelength of 222 nanometers are used, they will hardly damage the user's skin. However, as a precautionary measure, you can still completely lubricate the mouth and nose area or the face with a sun protection cream (e.g. with SPF 20-40 ) immediately before wearing the mask or device. A small container is also conceivable 79 to integrate there or to install a holder for it, which attaches a small UV protection cream or a mini-tube with a few grams of this cream so that it is quickly available.

For an advanced version of this filter for the respiratory protection mask or the device without a mask body, numerous features can be incorporated that benefit the user. A microchip is conceivable 80 to be integrated in the mask or in the reflector that controls the sensors and evaluates their data. Via an LCD or LED display (or a single RGB LED in SMD design) located in the nose area, the battery level can be checked, for example, by means of an LED bar 81 , in which the LEDs light up in different colors, are displayed. RGB-LED-s (full-spectrum-LEDs / red-green-blue-LED-s) are also available in SMD design and are able to generate any luminous color depending on the voltage applied to the pins. They are totally light, very small and also shine intensely enough for perceptual purposes with very little energy consumption. The user 16 may not be able to see them directly because they are much too close for many people, but almost everyone can perceive and recognize the luminous color, for example like a diffuse light spot. It would make sense to use traffic light colors, e.g. a green LED color for a full battery, a yellow for medium status and a red for almost empty battery and charging requirement. Of course, a single RGB LED in SMD format can generate all these colors one after the other, which would simplify installation. The microprocessor (CPU) can use a small microphone and speaker 82 (almost every loudspeaker can optionally also be used as a microphone) and thereby receive voice commands and also reproduce information or warnings. It would make sense, for example, to display the battery level and possibly the output of the UV lamps automatically or by voice on demand, as well as distance warnings if other people are too close to the user. Distance measuring sensors / distance sensors can be used to determine distance 83 installed, which use laser beams, IR light signals or ultrasound to determine the distance between the user (mask wearer) and other people in the vicinity. The control of the UV radiation source can also be taken over by the microprocessor. By switching off the UV Radiation source, if no one is in the immediate vicinity, can largely conserve the battery and significantly extend the battery life. A common PC interface, such as a USB / micro-USB connection, can be used for charging the battery and any data transfer 84 or the like can be used. Via an app or software on a smartphone (mobile phone) 30th or PC, data from the mask or microprocessor of the mask or vice versa can be transferred to a smartphone / PC. For example, the frequency of switch-on processes, the number of people recorded, etc., can be shown in a diagram. One can then on a smartphone display 10 Call up the battery status, calculate the expected battery life and the distance to other people, below which the threshold for the activation of the UV lamps is. Communication can also be carried out by radio using a built-in radio module 85 , e.g. WLAN, WiDi, Bluetooth, RFID, NFC or something similar ( 21 ).

The reflector and thus the protection against pathogens can protect not only the respiratory tract but also the eyes of the user by making the reflector slightly larger. In such a case, the user may still have to wear UV protective goggles. Alternatively, you can use an additional UV laser diode 3 on the upper side of the reflector, which their laser beams 6th upwards at an angle away from the user's face. The laser beams would form a beam wall that at least slightly protects the user's eyes from viruses ( 43 ). This wall of rays would not be nearly as intense as the one inside the reflector, but although relatively weak, an effect would also be present here.

This respirator or the filter alone can also be mechanically coupled with protective goggles or even data goggles for the purpose of better posture and attachment to the face of the user or only for data transmission via radio or cable or with a head-up display on an eye protection screen is projected and all relevant data is displayed there. Whether the mask is complete, as a full mask, or half mask / face mask or only the independent filter with accompanying elements without mask body is coupled with glasses / protective goggles, it depends on the purpose and that is up to the manufacturer and designer. On the 22nd a reflector has been shown in protective goggles 94 is built in. A small protective screen 95 protects the eyes from UV radiation. This variant is also completely open and you can breathe through the reflector without breathing resistance. The air is decontaminated at lightning speed by the UV rays during inhalation and exhalation. The 222 nanometer UV rays are concentrated inside the reflector and only leave the reflector interior in a significantly weakened form.

It is conceivable to install the reflector in a motorcycle helmet or in an umbrella / shield of a baseball hat / cape or peaked cap 86 .

The UV elements would then have to be installed on top of the screen and shine downwards in the reflector area ( 23 , 30th and 34 ). This would require a higher UV laser power and the risk for the user due to UV rays would be slightly higher, but with a mass spread of dangerous diseases, the danger posed by UV radiation with 222nm might not be of great importance . A bracket mount 96 can with the Capi 86 can be coupled and serves as a holder for the mirror reflectors below. It is best to build retroreflectors 97 down in the bracket 96 because they reflect the laser beams exactly upwards again. In order not to hit the UV laser beam source straight away, the retroreflectors can be designed in such a way that they generate a slight angular deviation in the reflected laser beam so that the beam hits directly next to it. On the brim of the cap 97 are also retroreflectors 97 built in, which in turn send the laser beam almost exactly (a few mm sideways swiveled) to the lower bracket. So the game with the laser beams goes back and forth and this creates a relatively strong wall of rays 28 generated. On the 34 is an oval or round headband 96 shown with retroreflectors 97 or simple mirror wall 7th Is provided. Thanks to the precise alignment of UV laser beams from UV laser diodes, there is almost no radiation on the user's face. A protective screen 95 prevents direct eye exposure. These variants do not protect the side as reliably, but they would replace the shield masks, in which a plexiglass pane or plastic film is installed in front of the face. Especially here, the field of view is not distorted by Plexiglas, but everything is completely open. The device hardly interferes with eating or drinking.

The electronic elements of the protective face mask should be installed so that they are protected against moisture and the reflector should ideally be installed so that it can be removed, because the mask body does not have to be washed as often as with conventional face masks or half masks, but it still has to be washed from time to time. In this case, it would be advantageous to install all electronic elements and the energy source compactly or to connect them to the reflector in such a way that they can easily be decoupled from the mask body.

24 shows a compact variant of the filter in a ring-shaped housing. The ring housing is hollow and the UV laser diode is built into it. The inner wall of the ring case 11 is also mirrored here and the UV rays from the UV laser diode are reflected radially to the ring opening. The mirror wall should also be clear here, because the UV laser radiation from a UV laser diode through the ring-shaped, thin fluorescent tube / lamp has a relatively good radiation density. The ring housing is opaque (preferably made of a metal), only the radially arranged inner area, which forms the ring opening, is a transparent wall 19th has, as on the 24 shown. The side wall 8th of the ring or the filter forms a UV radiation protection barrier for the mask wearer. The UV rays only come through radially directly in the ring opening area and irradiate the flowing air masses there.

25th also shows a filter with the hollow ring housing 4th , with one or more UV laser diodes there 3 are installed, which are arranged radially radiating. Here, however, the wall of the filter, where the laser diodes are attached, is not mirrored. Instead there is an additional annular / tubular mirror wall 25th built in between the ring opening 12th and the UV laser diodes 3 is placed. The mirror wall 25th tightly seals off the space in which the laser diodes are installed and has small light windows 24 equipped through which the UV laser beams from the laser diodes can pass radially and the ring opening 12th reach. As soon as the UV rays 6th through the light windows 24 pass radially, they reach the air in the ring opening 12th and hit the pathogens there 21 . The UV laser beams are reflected back from the opposite mirror wall on a radial plane and hit the air again in the ring opening 12th . The reflected UV laser rays 26th also hit the light windows 24 the UV laser diode 10 and are absorbed there, but they are so small that only slight losses of light output occur as a result. A second, ring-shaped, transparent disk 19th in the circumference of the ring opening can also be installed here, but does not necessarily have to be. For the purpose of optimal maintenance / cleaning, however, such a pane is advantageous because it protects the mirror inside and the UV laser diodes. An encapsulated and watertight construction has advantages. Here too, the side wall of the hollow ring housing forms a good UV radiation barrier for the mask wearer. Nevertheless, a circular protective screen can also be used here for reliable protection 35 The ring opening is made of UV-resistant material (e.g. metal or metal foil) 12th Cover so that it does not obstruct air flow. This is done by small spacers 40 who have favourited the protective shutter 35 Keep it at a small distance from the opening so that the air flow is not blocked. Because the protective screen is UV-absorbing or has such a coating and has a slightly larger diameter than the ring opening, the UV rays cannot reach the mask wearer under any circumstances.

The variant from the 26th works with UV laser pulses that are emitted with high intensity. Fast pulsing laser beams or laser beams generated in pulse mode with a frequency or repetition rate, for example between 2KHz and 300MHz, are particularly effective against pathogens. Laser emitters with pulse beam technology have been in use for a long time. Those with a high repetition rate are also often used. This technique can also be used here for the respirator. The generation of the pulse operation can be realized with relatively simple electronic means. There are many well-known circuits such as electronic oscillators 87 combined with electronic amplifiers 88 that can do this and that are very small in size. The pulse frequency can be set as desired. Of course, you can also install a microprocessor (CPU) as a controller for this. The emission of the laser beams in pulse mode can also enable a higher laser beam power. Every UV laser diode can produce significantly more power when it is in operation for a short time than is the case when it is in continuous operation. However, this causes a slight change in the wavelength of the laser beam, which is not so important. The impulse radiation output should not take place below 2KHz, because then gaps will arise in the light barrier. The impulses are more energetic and destroy significantly more pathogens than a simple continuous operation of the UV laser.

the 27 shows a simple way of attaching the special filter to a mask body 67 of any kind. The special filter can be attached to almost any face mask or respirator 1 can be retrofitted. The mask body has to do this 67 can only be cut or punched in a circle at one point (e.g. front or side) and the special filter 2 be used there. The cut opening or hole 89 should be slightly smaller or the same size as the ring opening of the filter. The filter is with a magnetic ring 66 equipped, on which an iron ring (or a magnetic ring) 65 on the other side, namely the inside of the mask body 67 , is liable. In between, the wall of the mask body is pressed together in the edge area of the hole and the special filter 2 holds tight to this point. At least the side of the ring facing the wearer's face 65 should be covered with a textile, foam or other material so that it is felt pleasant if you should touch it with your face. With this particular one Filter, almost any respiratory protection mask, face mask or everyday mask can be fitted, regardless of whether it has an opening for a conventional filter or not. The invention can also be produced as a retrofit kit in order to be able to retrofit masks that have already been produced.

With all versions, you can use numerous retroreflectors instead of a simple mirror wall 90 install or equip the mirror reflector with additional retroreflective elements ( 28 ). These are special reflectors that always reflect the light in the direction of the light transmitter / light source. Whether designs with three reflective surfaces, triple reflectors or lens-like retroreflectors are installed is not of great relevance and is left to the manufacturer. However, the retroreflectors should be designed in such a way that they do not hit the radiation source directly, but rather offset slightly next to it, further retroreflectors or the mirror wall. The mirror wall 7th or the retroreflector then reflects this again and the processes are repeated until at some point the UV laser beam hits the UV laser diode directly and is absorbed or scattered there. This variant, however, has a little more weight and can also be more expensive to manufacture.

An execution from the 29 has one or more UV laser diodes that are not in the circumference but in the middle 33 the filter opening 12th are built in and their UV rays 6th radially from the center of the air opening 12th of the filter and the mirror walls 7th of the filter meet inside the circumference. On the 29a is a section in the longitudinal direction (breathing air flow direction 20th ) has been shown. Of course, UV light sources can still be installed in the scope of the filter, but this is not absolutely necessary because the mirror wall solution works just as well there. The UV laser diode 3 is here by one or more retaining struts (fastening bars) or levers 34 which is transverse to the axis of the air flow direction 20th are installed, attached to the center of the ring opening. In this bracket 122 over the lever 34 the power supply lines for the light source are also installed. Two protective screens, in the form of small discs 35 , protect the mask wearer from UV laser radiation. This variant has a few small disadvantages: the UV laser diode is located in the middle of the path of the air flow masses and is therefore exposed to the air humidity. However, this can be done through an encapsulated, transparent housing 36 largely optimized. Because the housing is attached in the middle and stands in the way of the air flow, the housing with the UV laser diode inside creates a breathing air resistance, which is relatively low because the ring opening is not completely blocked and the air at the edge of the housing 37 can continue to flow past, but still. The direct UV radiation from the immediate vicinity, which penetrates the air masses flowing back and forth through the filter opening, is advantageous, but there are also some disadvantages. For example, the resonator effect of the ring mirror is missing because the laser beams can only be reflected once by the ring mirror. The problem can be with another, smaller, concentric ring mirror 121 who made the laser diodes 3 covered in the center of the filter. This ring mirror is on its outer surface or outer side 123 Clearly mirrored and again reflects the laser beams coming from the mirror wall 7th of the filter are reflected back. Through the small light windows, the laser beams come out of the laser diodes and each become a laser line 118 on the mirror wall 7th project. The laser line 118 is arranged transversely to the air flow axis, so here too the laser beams are between the concentric mirror 121 in the middle and the mirror wall 7th reflected several times in the periphery ( 29a and b). In contrast to the simpler variant with a ring mirror, two of them are required here, which are arranged concentrically to one another. Here the laser beam wall between the two mirror rings ( 7th and 121 ) generated. In this way, the laser beam firewall is given a ring shape.

On the 35 is a version with multiple filters that are arranged side by side in a honeycomb shape. To every filter 2 is a laser diode each 3 built-in, which the respective UV curtain 28 builds up. This design has the advantage of generating an increased overall UV output due to the smaller reflector rings and a large number of UV laser diodes. The air resistance is increased somewhat, but not noticeable for the user. The space between the rings is closed, but the ring openings 12th continue to let the air back and forth unhindered. The air flow axes 20th are arranged in parallel on all of them.

On the 36 an embodiment has been shown, which was also built as a prototype for this invention, which is described here in a moment. Here is a UV laser diode 3 with 1W laser power installed, which emits a UV laser beam in the form of a laser line 118 with a length of 80mm from a distance of 28mm and only 1mm wide can project on a flat surface. This laser line is in the ring-shaped mirror on the radial plane on the mirror wall 7th projected. The filter consists of a short hollow cylinder with a length of 10mm and an inner diameter of 28mm. The inside wall is completely clear mirrored. Because the internal diameter of the filter is only 28mm, the laser line is projected a little shorter onto the curved mirror surface. The laser beams that make the line 118 form, are reflected back and come out different directions, each facing the mirror wall points. From there they are reflected again. The laser line becomes longer with each reflection, but due to the curved mirror surface (hollow cylinder shape) it always remains within the reflector on the radial plane, or always transversely to the air flow axis 20th . A laser power measurement of the beam intensity inside the reflector with a conventional laser beam measuring device is almost impossible because the measuring device destroys the reflections and the resonator properties. But you can insert a very fine, black wire (cross-section approx. 0.1 mm) into the reflector in the direction of the air flow axis and indirectly measure the laser energy. An IR laser thermometer is also suitable for this. The measurement results in a much higher temperature on the piece of wire that is generated inside the filter opening than it is heated from the same distance by the UV laser diode radiation without the ring mirror. This corresponds to the anticipated increase in the laser beam density that the laser beam wall contains. The tip of the piece of wire is heated strongly (over 500 ° C) inside the filter within seconds, which is not nearly the case outside the filter when irradiated (even for minutes) from the same laser diode and the same distance (14mm). However, if you insert a thicker wire (3mm), the effect is lost because it interferes with the laser beam reflection. Because the viruses are extremely small, this interference does not occur with them and the laser beam reflection is optimally maintained. The filter and the battery (3.4Wh, 18g weight from an older MP3 player) are held in place by magnets and iron rings ( 65 and 66 ) with the mask body 67 tied together. The mask body was cut open at the point where the filter is to be attached (the hole is slightly smaller than the diameter of the filter). On the inside of the mask body was a thin, light iron ring 65 and a magnetic ring in the filter rim 66 (Neodymium) attached or glued. The two press the edge of the hole in the mask body together so well that the filter stays on pretty tightly. One switch 120 and a power regulator 119 are built in. Because the laser diode with 1W power is relatively strong for the 28mm filter (a 100-150mW laser power would have been enough), the controller is built in, with which the laser power can be optimally throttled. Based on 36 and the description here, everyone should be able to recreate this filter. Laser specialists can clearly prove that the radiation density in the ring-shaped mirror element increases sharply here. With larger filters (eg 50-70mm) even stronger laser diodes can be installed. Of course, if you install a 5W UV or 10W blue laser diode there, not only all viruses and bacteria, but possibly also the dust or fine dust particles are possibly brought to an "explosion", which is not necessarily the purpose of the invention .

Various laser diodes can also be integrated into the filter at the same time, which can then be used optionally or in combination depending on the type of virus that is to be neutralized ( 37 ). IR laser diodes can be found there 77 , and, or green, yellow, orange or red laser diodes 98 to be built in. Also violet or blue laser diodes 99 are suitable for this. It should be noted that each type of laser diode must deliver a different output in order to neutralize the viruses with the same irradiation time. However, I cannot list that here. Such data can be reliably supplied by virologists from virus research laboratories.

• - Ultraviolette Laserstrahlen: 100 bis 380nm (UV-C, UV-B und UV-A)
• - Violette Laserstrahlen: 380 bis 430nm
• - Blaue Laserstrahlen: 430 bis 490nm
• - Grüne Laserstrahlen: 490 bis 570nm
• - Gelbe Laserstrahlen: 570 bis 600nm
• - Orange Laserstrahlen: 600 bis 640nm
• - Rote Laserstrahlen: 640 bis 780nm
• - Infrarote Laserstrahlen: 780 bis 1mm

The laser diode light color is shown on the simple table below:

• - Ultraviolet laser beams: 100 to 380nm (UV-C, UV-B and UV-A)
• - Violet laser beams: 380 to 430nm
• - Blue laser beams: 430 to 490nm
• - Green laser beams: 490 to 570nm
• - Yellow laser beams: 570 to 600nm
• - Orange laser beams: 600 to 640nm
• - Red laser beams: 640 to 780nm
• - Infrared laser beams: 780 to 1mm

Another designation that is used specifically for UV light is near (NUV), medium (MUV), far (FUV) and extreme UV (EUV) between the limits 400, 300, 200, 100 and 10 nm.

The laser power that is used for this is different depending on the type of laser diode for an anti-virus effect with the same irradiation time. Depending on the laser beam wavelength, these affect the viruses somewhat differently. Therefore, depending on which type of laser beam (by which the wavelength is meant), a corresponding laser power and laser beam duration would have to be set. Viruses can be set into rapid oscillation or superfast rotation by infrared laser beams, which mechanically damages their structural integrity. The viruses are deformed and rotated extremely quickly, which puts a lot of strain on the outer shell and leads to ruptures. The virus also loses the spikes in the process, or they are changed to such an extent that their docking function is increasingly lost. The COVID viruses look like snowballs and the spikes in the case of COVID viruses are like small, colorless sponges, or look almost like broccoli and each have a protein in the center that allows them to dock enables. These "broccoli" -like spikes are "protected" with a carbohydrate structure and are thus "masked" by antibodies. However, the spikes and the lipid structure of the shell are affected by the laser beams to such an extent that their original function is lost. It should be mentioned that the laser beams with low power in the infrared range are harmless to humans. However, it can injure or damage the eyes. Because this radiation is invisible, the song protective reflexes will not work, so the eye is exposed to the radiation for longer. The green laser diodes (approx. 490-570nm) also show a good effect against viruses. While the UV laser beams attack and damage the envelope and the genome (DNA / RNA structure) of the viruses fairly directly, the effect of the other types of laser beams shifts more towards the thermal range of the effect. On the 38 a variant has been shown in which an air flow sensor system is also installed. An air flow sensor 100 , which determines the air flow speed of the air through the filter opening in real time, controls the laser power of the 200mW laser diode proportionally to the air flow speed increase automatically and in real time and thus creates a variable strength laser beam barrier in the filter. For example, if you are breathing faster, the laser beam intensity has to be increased than if you are breathing more slowly. Nevertheless, a basal power value of the laser beam should always be maintained. The laser power can be controlled proportionally / linearly or exponentially or logarithmically. For this reason, the laser diode should be selected so that it has power reserves and the control system delivers an automatically adjustable, stepless power value for the laser emitter. On the 39 Another version has been shown in which an air pressure measuring system is built into the filter. Here are two air pressure sensors ( 101 and 102 ) built-in: one is outside ( 101 ) and the other inside ( 102 ), or the side of the filter applied to the face side. Depending on how you breathe, the air pressure on both sides of the filter will be slightly different and this can be used to determine the air flow speed in real time. The air pressure differential values provide information about how fast the air flow is. The higher the air pressure difference between the values, the higher the air flow speed. The signals that contain this information are transmitted to the laser diode controller and the power of the laser diode is controlled as a function of this.

On the 40 and 41 a variant of the air pressure measuring system with only one sensor has been shown, whereby the sensor consists of a slightly movable or oscillating membrane 103 that consists in a small ring 104 (Ring housing or hollow cylinder housing) is installed. The membrane is built like a loudspeaker or microphone, with a ring-fold bracket 112 (built similar to a centering spider of a loudspeaker) on the wall of the ring housing 104 fixes and separates the air between the inside of the mask and the environment. Through two openings 111 There is always an unhindered air displacement on the ring housing, which is caused by the movement of the membrane. When you exhale, the air pressure inside the mask will increase slightly, being slightly higher, and when you inhale, the air pressure within the space between the inside of the mask and the wearer's face will be slightly lower than the ambient air pressure. As a result of these changes in air pressure, the vibrating membrane is pushed slightly outwards or inwards, which is done by an electromagnetic coil 108 and a permanent magnet 109 or an optical detection system from a light source 105 , Reflector 106 on the membrane and a light sensor 107 in an evaluation unit 110 a signal can be transmitted. These signal values are transmitted from the evaluation unit to the laser diode control, where the air flow speed is determined or calculated. This is used to control the laser diode power.

Whether the system is a simple electronic circuit or a complex system is up to the manufacturer and the cost calculation. In the form of a simple system, the circuit can be built by almost any electronics student.

The remarks from the 39 and 40 are designed in such a way that they have an important side effect: under certain circumstances and through precise control of the firewall in the optical resonator filter or the laser beam intensity there, they can be generated from active, inactive viruses, which are then inhaled by the mask user. With fast air flow, the laser beam power is increased in real time and with slow air flow the power is reduced, so that there is always an almost constant laser beam effect on the air masses flowing through the filter and the viruses contained therein. This causes an almost uniform virus irradiation. Regardless of how fast the air flow is, the viruses always receive almost the same dose of laser radiation. With an exact calculation of the dose, which only creates an inactivation of the viruses but not their complete destruction, one can create a kind of vaccine from the viruses, which the mask user breathes in a virus-contaminated environment. Due to the mirror wall of the filter with optical resonator properties, the dynamic laser control and thin laser beam firewall, it no longer matters how high the virus concentration in the air is. All viruses that flow through the filter with the air are inactivated and that in both directions. Thus, an infected person who wears this mask emits more or less “vaccine” -containing air, some of which also contains inactive viruses. While the other filter designs here are designed to completely destroy the viruses, those from the 39 and 40 rather, it is designed to produce viruses from active, but only inactive, viruses that are supposed to stimulate people's immunity. The other filter variants can also create vaccine-like products from active viruses, but this process occurs more randomly and only with a small number of viruses. With the variants from the 39 and 40 Care is taken to ensure that as high a proportion of the active viruses as possible is converted into inactive viruses. This is achieved through the precisely calculated and air flow-dependent laser power. The filter can be used by the mask user to inhale virus-contaminated ambient air by means of dosed virus inactivation, e.g. if a patient has coughed or enjoys immediately in front of it and, as a result, an increased concentration of aerosols / microdrops in which viruses are found in the air is recorded , make inactive viruses available, which he then inhales. Inactivating viruses is a basic method for a vaccine. Thus, the user practically inhales a vaccine-like content, which can lead to his immunization against the actual disease. In order to achieve this, however, the laser power of the laser diode and the control via the flow sensor would have to be set or precisely calibrated. This can be achieved very easily nowadays with electronic controllers that are also programmable. The manufacturer who designs the control system for the laser diode can use the empirical data that would provide a laboratory in which viruses are researched to easily program the performance values and implement them in the entire filter system. You can also install a trimming potentiometer or a simple controller directly in the circuit for the laser diode control, which you then fine-tune, but in today's world of microelectronics and integrated circuits, this is not absolutely necessary. In addition, the curve of the control via the flow sensor must also be taken into account (the faster the air flow, the higher the laser power and all of this is regulated in real time).

This effect may also occur in nature, not through laser filters and laser irradiation, but through sunlight. The sunlight inactivates the viruses, with a certain light exposure time, which depends on the solar radiation energy on site. For example, if a virus is ^{completely destroyed within 300 seconds at 1500W / m 2 of} direct solar radiation, it can possibly only be inactivated at 180 seconds of irradiation time and serve as a vaccine. Of course, for a vaccine effect numerous other criteria must be met, such as the necessary concentration, the percentage number of inactive viruses per unit of measure / volume unit, but it may still occur more often than you think. The sudden disappearance of pandemics in the past, the regular, annual disappearance of influenza viruses, mostly occurs when the sun shines more intensely (spring and summer). The sun's rays destroy the viruses, but a considerable number of them are not completely destroyed but only inactivated and in this inactivated state they can at least partially be inhaled by humans, which leads to a naturally induced “vaccination” of the population's immunity response. This can at least give an indication of why, for example, during some pandemics in the past, many people were infected and still survived the disease more easily than the others. The duration of the illness was also quite short for them. These people may have been exposed to these viruses before, but in an inactive state, which then led to latent immunity. On the other hand, in the case of artificially produced or manipulated viruses, the RNA of which has been modified (e.g. partly replaced by genetic scissors), the course of the disease is unpredictable. Depending on which RNA section in the virus has been manipulated, this artificial change can have unpredictable consequences and thereby reveal a kind of "gene key" which, depending on what their genetic information is, a corresponding disease Initiate the process. If the virus gene key matches the host's genome, it will go through a severe course of the disease. If the "key" only partially or not at all, the disease will go through a lighter course or experience a completely symptom-free clinical picture, as is the case with COVID-19. These viruses cause a wide variety of symptoms in people. Some only have stomach problems (can no longer use the food and fluids), some have a high fever, some only cough, some are exhausted, some have a combination of all symptoms, some have massive breathing problems and can barely breathe, some experience it completely almost symptom-free! In the case of natural viral infections, the symptoms are more or less predictable or similar. Influenza, for example, is accompanied by a high fever, cough, exhaustion, etc. and these symptoms are more or less almost all patients have. Whether a patient takes a week, two or three weeks to recover depends on their affinity for immunity. With COVID-19, it's all completely unpredictable. An 80-year-old grandma with previous illnesses survives the infection unscathed, whereas a 46-year-old A perfectly healthy person with excellent immunity requirements perishes. A mutation of the virus that leads to a weakening of the virus, as is suspected in specialist circles, can unfortunately not 100% explain the disappearance of the pandemic. A mutation does not always mean a weakening but can also mean the opposite, namely an intensification of the effect of the virus. Mutations can make viruses even more effective and dangerous. However, it is undisputed that the increasing immunity of people (herd immunity) in confrontation with a pandemic leads to its successful decay.

The filters described here or the electronics and controls for the UV virus filter technology (or other types of laser diodes) can be equipped with numerous functions. You can make a mask with this filter, with a smartphone 30th Connect via an app and use it to optimally control the UV light source. Data is transmitted with the corresponding electronic certificates via standard radio interfaces (Bluetooth, WiFi, WiDi, NFC, etc.). With the help of the smartphone, the presence of other people can also be determined, and a kind of statistics and diagrams can be created. Other external apps such as infection protection apps (e.g. Corona APP) can also be linked to it.
All electronic elements can be connected to the filter housing and these can then be connected to a magnet 65/66 be equipped by the with the mask or mask body 67 can be paired quickly and easily. The edge of the opening of the mask body can be made with an iron ring 65 equipped with a ring magnet 66 that on the edge 64 the ring mirror of the filter is attached, will adhere. The magnet method works very well with all types of masks, regardless of whether they are made of soft fabric / textile or a hard shell. With hard-shell masks, care must be taken that the filter actually closes tightly at the edge.
For operational monitoring of the correct function of the UV laser diode, a control circuit, for example with a sensor system, can be installed. A small control light (e.g. an LED) placed on a point on the filter that is visible to the user is sufficient to signal to the user that the laser beam firewall has been set up and is working correctly. Of course, the LED (directly or via a light guide) should not be dazzling and should not interfere at all. The light signal from the LED should only be clearly perceptible when you look closely. In the event of a malfunction, it could flash or change the light color, e.g. from green to red.

Because this filter is open to breathing masks, it has some advantages over variants that first direct the air through some channels or chambers. The technical solutions from the prior art, whereby an air flow through channels or chambers in which the UV lamps are installed, still harbor numerous disadvantages. If the breathing air flows through a channel, which can be a few cm long, then the breathing air moisture collects there very quickly and condenses in the walls of the channel or the chamber, so that water also flows out over time. This is no longer hygienic and can also become a source of germs. In contrast to this, in the case of the invention, the air will flow directly through the filter. The path that the air travels inside the filter is extremely short (less than 10mm), which is very advantageous.

Regardless of whether the UV-C or IR laser beams are used, in contrast to the air-UV disinfectors that have been described in the prior art, in which UV lamps are used, the radiation density is here with the invention a single or a relatively small number of laser sources can be multiplied dozen or even hundreds of times, because the radiation source is not built into a mirror chamber or is surrounded by a mirror, but the radiation source is in the periphery, outside the hollow cylinder - / ring mirror is located. Here in the invention the laser beams penetrate through a very small window in the reflector in a plane which is arranged transversely to the air flow axis without getting in the way of it. In addition, the laser beams have a much more precise beam projection geometry and can be strongly bundled. Their coherence, radiation density and intensity are properties that make them more effective against viruses than conventional UV lamps or UV LEDs. These properties and construction solutions provide the decisive advantages over the state of the art. For example, the device from the US 2012/0285459 A1 Unfortunately, it is not possible to achieve a high multiplication of the radiation density in spite of the cylinder mirror, because the UV rays are largely absorbed by the radiation source or UV lamp itself after a few reflections, because this more or less stands in the way of the rays. The situation looks completely different if the radiation source is installed in the periphery, outside the mirror and in the path of the rays in which the rays are located inside the reflector or in the reflector space.

The filter that has been described here can also be equipped with laser beam sensors / light sensors 124 to be equipped ( 21 ), which are installed at least on the inside or on the face-applied side of the filter. These sensors are designed to prevent the laser beams from leaking out immediately and switch them off via the laser diode control. That would be the case if, for example, the protective lamellas were broken or the mask wearer accidentally hits a glass door or falls down. In this case it could happen that the protective lamellas or laser protection screens break and the laser diode radiation is released. In such cases, these sensors would switch off the laser diode immediately so that no laser radiation would hit the user's skin.

The filter that was described here can also be made larger and used for room ventilators, fans, air purifiers ( 42 ). The principle remains the same for all of them. The laser diodes and the ring-shaped mirror are the most important components. In an air purifier 113 Built in, the annular reflector and the laser diodes can control the air by a fan 114 always decontaminate. In a container 117 that with water 116 is filled, the air can be cleaned of dust. Installed in a table fan, the ring-shaped mirror with protective screens that protect against UV radiation should be installed behind the fan grille. However, the larger the ring-shaped mirror, the more powerful laser diodes must be used. The number of these may also need to be increased. While a single laser diode with a power of 0.5 to 1W would be sufficient in a respirator mask, a significantly stronger laser diode or several of them would have to be installed in the reflector in a fan with a diameter of 30cm. If you distribute 10 laser diodes around the ring reflector, all of which shine from outside in the reflector through small light windows into the mirror wall on a radial level, they will generate a sufficiently strong laser beam wall / firewall, which the viruses with an air flow of 5m / s neutralize. Because the reflector is significantly longer in the air flow axis (approx. 3-10 cm) than is the case with the respiratory mask (approx. 8-1 Ωmm), the number of laser beam reflections within the ring reflector is slightly higher. This is also necessary because the amount of air that flows here is also significantly larger.

The mask or the UV filter / IR laser beam filter also protects against pollen by more or less changing its surface when passing through the UV light barrier while breathing. The pollen treated with the jet is no longer aggressive or at least significantly less dangerous from the “point of view” of the immune system and a correspondingly mild immune defense reaction is initiated. As a means against pollen, the hardware of the filter can also provide access to the network with the help of a smartphone and get information there that is important for the user and the UV filter performance for the respective pollen situation in the area (e.g. via services the pollen forecast create). In addition, many of the functions and control options can be displayed directly on the smartphone 10 being represented.

Fighting a pandemic most effectively or completely eliminating all viruses globally would require global cooperation. The simplest, cheapest and most effective measure to get rid of the pandemic for good would be if all people for one week beforehand 15th Days of stocking up at home and then really 15th All people around the world would stay at home for days at the same time. To 15th Days the pandemic would have completely disappeared from the entire planet. However, this approach unfortunately remains a pure utopia, because a large number of people would certainly not follow it.

List of reference symbols

1.

Respiratory protection mask

2.

Special filter

3.

UV laser diode

4th

Filter housing

5.

Inner area of the filter / ring

6th

UV laser rays

7th

Mirror wall surface

8th.

Side wall

9.

thread

10.

Smartphone display

11.

Housing ring chamber

12th

Middle of the ring opening

13th

Margins

14th

inside

15th

UV light absorbing rings

16.

Mask wearer (user)

17th

Transparent pipe wall

18th

Inside metal coating

19th

Hollow cylinder wall / pipe wall

20th

Air flow direction axis

21.

Pathogens

22nd

level

23

Light rays exit from the UV laser diode

24.

Light window

25th

Ring-shaped mirror wall

26th

UV reflection beam

27

triangle

28.

Beam wall (laser curtain)

29

top

30th

Smartphone (mobile phone)

31.

Electronic control

32.

Energy source

33.

Middle of the ring opening

34.

Support struts / fastening beams or levers

35.

Protective screens

36.

Encapsulated, transparent housing

37.

Housing edge

38.

Slats

39.

Concentric rings

40.

Spacers

41.

Edge of the protective covers

42.

Slats

43.

Rings / ring lamellas

44.

Margins

45.

IR sensor

46.

Inductance coil

47.

IR transceiver unit

48.

IR LED

49.

IR signal

50.

IR sensor

51.

finger

52.

Evaluation unit

53.

Electronic oscillator

54.

Thin grid

55.

Sensor system

56.

Radius to mask wearer

57.

microphone

58.

Evaluation unit

59.

Radio modules

60

Small display

61.

Presence sensor or IR sensor

62.

IR camera modules

63.

Flow sensor

64.

Built-in edge

65.

Iron ring

66.

Magnetic ring or iron ring

67.

Mask body

68.

Soft edge

69.

Fastening tape

70.

Position sensors

71.

Half mirror element

72.

Laser diode beam exit

73.

Flow rate meter

74.

Laser diode power regulator

75.

Hollow chamber

76.

Flow openings

77.

Infrared laser diodes (IR laser diodes)

78.

Anatomically fitting shape

79.

Small container

80.

Microchip in the mask / in the filter

81.

LED bars

83.

Distance sensors

84.

Micro USB connector

85.

Radio module

86.

Capi / umbrella hat

87.

oscillator

88

Electronic amplifier

89

hole

90

Retroreflectors

91.

Nose supports

92.

Chin rests

93.

Double-walled mirror construction

94.

safety goggles

95.

Protective cover

96

Bracket bracket

97.

Cap brim

98

Green, red, yellow, orange laser diodes

99

Blue / purple laser diodes

100.

Air flow sensor

101.

Outside air pressure sensor

102.

Indoor air pressure sensor

103.

Vibrating membrane

104.

Ring for the membrane

105.

Light source

106.

Reflector in the membrane

107.

Light sensor

108.

Electromagnet coil

109.

Permanent magnet

110.

Evaluation unit

111.

Openings on the housing of the membrane

112.

Ring fold bracket

113.

air cleaner

114.

Fan / blower

115.

UV protection rings

116.

water

117.

container

118.

Laser beams line

119.

Power regulator

120

counter

121.

Second ring mirror / concentric ring mirror

122.

bracket

123.

Outer surface of the concentric ring mirror

124.

Laser beam sensor / light sensor

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• GB 2352978 A [0009]
• EP 1083973 B1 [0010]
• DE 202011107529 U1 [0011]
• DE 3434357 [0012]
• US 8733356 B1 [0015]
• US 5165395 A [0017]
• US 20090004047 A1 [0019]
• US 2010/0132715 A1 [0020]
• US 2012/0285459 A1 [0108]

Claims (45)

Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology, characterized in that it is an open filter which - consists of a ring or a short hollow cylinder that is connected or can be connected to the mask body so that through one can breathe, wherein the mask body has an opening at the point through which the breathing air flows and through the ring or hollow cylinder, which has a clear-mirror surface on the inner wall or a clear-mirror wall inside, - at least one has intense UV laser diode, which is built into the outer wall of the ring / hollow cylinder, which emits its laser beams through a light window built into the ring / hollow cylinder wall in the inner area of the reflector transversely to the air flow axis or radially, which emits the incoming and outgoing Breathing air is irradiated into the opening on a radial level and a laser beam wall is more or less transverse to the air flow axis through numerous laser beam reflections nen generated within the mirror wall of the filter, which is able to make viruses or pathogens in the air more or less harmless when passing in this area, with the laser beam as often as possible in the space between the mirror walls of the mirror reflector across is reflected to the air flow axis or on a radial plane between the mirror surfaces and remains trapped there as long as possible, - has an energy source and a control for the UV laser diode. Respiratory protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology, characterized in that it - consists of a ring-shaped hollow housing, which has the shape of a lifebuoy or vehicle tire, is UV-opaque and thus a UV- Forms light shielding for the user, which has an annular wall, transparent for UV rays, which forms the wall of the air flow ring opening in the center of the filter, - has at least one intense UV laser diode, which through the ring -Opening in the middle, breathing air flowing in and out in the ring opening area is radially irradiated and a UV radiation wall is generated on the radial plane more or less transversely to the air flow direction, which is able to carry viruses or pathogens into the air to render harmless when passing in this area, - has an annular or cylindrical clear mirror wall which forms a reflector in which the laser beams as often as possible from S Piegel wall surfaces are reflected back and forth in the radial plane, which is built concentrically in the hollow housing, which is placed between the ring opening and the UV laser diode or represents the inner wall of the hollow housing, with the laser diode outside and inside the radial plane is installed radiantly, which is equipped with a light window through which the UV laser beams from the UV laser diode can pass and get into the filter, - has an energy source and a control for the UV laser diode. Respiratory protection or face mask filters with UV radiation or light beam technology Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the ring-shaped mirror wall which forms the laser beam wall is constructed similarly to an optical resonator or at least partially has optical resonator properties. Respiratory protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the laser beams from the UV laser diode are arranged in points or lines on the curved mirror surface transversely to the air flow axis and are projected. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a concentrically arranged, ring-shaped or cylindrical housing in the shape of a tire, which is larger than the ring / hollow cylinder in to which the ring or the hollow cylinder is attached, which can accommodate the laser beam source, the energy source and other electronic components. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter wall with the reflective inner wall is made of metal or consists of silver or the surfaces of which are silver-coated, or is provided with cooling fins and serves as a heat sink or waste heat conductor for the UV laser diode. Respiratory protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several UV laser diodes, which radiate radially at a distance from one another or radiate on a radial plane, enter the outside of the air filter -Wall are built-in. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wavelength of the laser beams emitted from the UV laser diode, which corresponds to the UV-C radiation, or exactly 222 nanometers amounts to. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two outer edges of the inner ring opening of the filter are equipped with laser beam absorbing rings. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with a distance / distance measuring sensor system and / or motion detector and / or presence sensor or IR sensor , which can detect other people in the vicinity by means of ultrasound technology or heat or by means of radio modules / transponders / transmitters built into each other in the filter housing by means of electromagnetic waves, which controls an automatic activation of the UV laser diode via a built-in electronic control when one or more people are in the vicinity or are less than a certain distance to the user, is equipped. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with a laser diode power control circuit or with a laser diode power controller with the / the the laser power can be finely regulated, is equipped. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mirror wall with a heating element through which the mirror surface is mist-free, with an electronically controllable power that automatically , can be controlled via a temperature sensor or manually by a controller, depending on the ambient temperature. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that retroreflectors or a retroreflector surface or retroreflective elements are built into the inner wall in the housing of the filter. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with an air flow measuring sensor system or an air flow speed meter, the / which the UV laser diode and thus the intensity of the laser radiation through a built-in electronic power regulator or through the laser diode control, depending on the air flow speed through the opening of the filter, automatically controls in real time. Respiratory protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with an air pressure measuring system that measures the air pressure on the side facing the face of the user or the air pressure on the inside of the respiratory protection mask and the atmospheric air pressure outside the filter / respiratory protection mask in real time and thereby provides air pressure differential values, based on which the air flow speed is determined and, depending on this, controls the laser diode power. Respiratory protection or face mask filters with UV radiation or light beam technology Claim 14 or 15th , characterized in that with increasing air flow speed, an increase in the laser beam power of the laser diode and vice versa, with decreasing air flow speed, a reduction in the laser beam power is controlled in real time. Respiratory protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the Claims 14 until 16 , characterized in that the increase in the laser beam power of the laser diode occurs proportionally with the increase in air flow speed in real time. Respiratory protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the UV laser diode and the electronic elements are encapsulated in a housing or installed in a watertight manner and these elements are not in contact with the air you breathe. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the UV laser diode with a sensor or microphone system, the sneezing or coughing of the user or in the person nearby, immediately before or at the beginning and automatically controls an increase in the power of the UV laser diode in real time while sneezing or coughing. Respiratory protection or face mask filters with UV radiation or light beam technology Claim 19 , characterized in that the sensor system is a position or acceleration sensor system, which is the typical head Can detect movement and the head position of the user immediately before sneezing or coughing and on the basis of which the intensity of the UV radiation from the UV laser diode is briefly increased. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the UV laser diode is coupled to an electronic controller which controls it in such a way that a rapidly pulsating UV beam is generated or laser beam pulses are emitted with a high repetition rate. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is built into a half mask, everyday mask or in a face mask that mainly surrounds the mouth and nose. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the function of the UV laser diode and its control takes place via touch function elements or via voice control. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one microprocessor / microchip or computer hardware and associated software which generates warnings or notices and, or is coupled to the electronic elements or components built into the respiratory protection / face mask or in the filter, with the battery life being calculated and specified in addition. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is connected to a common computer communication interface via which it can be connected to a PC or smartphone by wire or communicate by radio via a built-in radio module or transmit data to a PC or in a radio module another filter of a respiratory protection mask or face mask within the range of the radio module is equipped. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a built-in USB interface which can also be used to charge the energy source. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with a temperature / fever measuring function and an associated sensor, which remotely determines the body temperature of the people Can detect or sense distance or immediate proximity, is equipped. Respiratory protection or face mask filters with UV radiation or light beam technology Claim 27 , characterized in that it is equipped with a warning function that indicates the approach of a person with increased body temperature / fever. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with a display in the form of a thin plastic disc that is placed in front of the user's eyes or with a Is equipped with a head-up display or can be connected to data glasses by radio or wire. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with a magnetic ring or magnetic area on the side facing the mask user, as well as a further, loose ring made of iron or a ferromagnetic material or a magnet with a similar outer diameter, such as the magnetic ring on the filter housing, which is attached on the inside in the mask body on the edge of a hole in the mask body or is integrated or woven into it, which is attached by magnetic fields adheres to the filter housing and thereby compresses the edge area of the hole in the mask body and thus fixes the filter to the mask body. Respiratory protection or face mask filters with UV radiation or light beam technology Claim 30 , characterized in that the ring made of iron or a ferromagnetic material or a magnet is equipped, at least on the user-facing side, with a textile layer or a similar material as that of the mask body. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it can be connected to a mobile phone or smartphone via a built-in radio interface and can be controlled by an app of a mobile phone or a data transferring device Connection created. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of several reflectors which are grouped together and arranged next to one another with parallel air flow axes. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has at least one ring-shaped UV protection screen which is positioned so that it has a UV light protection barrier between the face of the respirator and the UV rays from the UV laser diode. Respiratory protection or face mask filters with UV radiation or light beam technology Claim 34 , characterized in that the protective screen consists of at least one disc which is installed at a short distance from the edge of the inner ring opening of the filter applied to the face of the wearer and a slightly larger diameter than the inner ring opening of the filter the breathing air flows past the edge of the disc and then penetrates into the inner ring opening of the filter. Respiratory protection or face mask filters with UV radiation or light beam technology Claim 34 or 35 , characterized in that the protective screen consists of a lamellar system that blocks the UV laser beams from emerging from the reflector in the direction of the user's face, but allows air to circulate between the individual lamellas. Respiratory protection or face mask filters with UV radiation or light beam technology Claim 36 , characterized in that the lamellar system consists of straight lamellas or ring-shaped lamellas, which are installed concentrically and overlapping one another at the edge, which do not hinder the air circulation, but block or reflect back the UV laser beams in directions outside the filter absorb. Respiratory protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in parallel or instead of the UV laser diode, an infrared laser diode with laser beam emission in the infrared range or another laser diode is built in, which emits laser beams in one of the wavelengths between 380 and 850 nanometers. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is installed in a filter holder without a mask body through which it can be fixed to a person's face . Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed as a built-in or retrofit device that can be retrofitted into any mask. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow cylinder or the reflector is built round, oval or square. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with a display or with a light signal source or LED, which ensures the proper operation of the laser beam source or signals a possible malfunction in operation to the user. Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one protective grille which protects the air opening of the filter is installed. Respiratory protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the laser diode (3) or several of them - instead of in the outer wall of the ring / hollow cylinder or in addition to it, in a holder (122) placed in the center of the air opening (12) is / are installed, which is arranged concentrically in the center of the air opening (12) of the filter and is installed directly centered in the air flow area and with the aid of a Lever (34) is coupled to the filter housing (4), - radially or on a radial plane from the center of the filter in the peripheral direction on the mirror wall (7) emits the laser beams (6), - with a second ring or Hollow cylinder mirror (121) is / are covered, which is equipped with a light window (24) for the laser diode (3) through which the laser radiation comes out of the laser diode (3), this mirror (121) being a clear mirror on its outer surface wall, through which the laser beams that are reflected back from the mirror wall (7) are again reflected back onto the mirror wall (7) and form a ring-shaped laser beam wall, which more or less neutralizes or destroys the viruses or other pathogens that pass there with the breath-air flow ( 29 ). Breathing protection or face mask filter with UV radiation or light beam technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one laser beam sensor or light sensor is built into the filter, - which can prevent a possible interference function with incorrectly emerging laser beams outside the filter or the ring / hollow cylinder, - which is coupled to the laser diode control and automatically switches off the laser diode in the event of a malfunction.

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