DE102020204794A1 - electrical plug connection - Google Patents

Abstract

Electrical plug connection comprising a first contact element and a second contact element, the first and the second contact element being releasably connectable to one another, whereby the first and the second contact element are in direct contact with one another and form an electrical contact with one another, characterized in that the first and second Contact element have a substantially identical shape to one another and can be positively connected to one another.

Description

The invention relates to an electrical plug connection comprising a first contact element and a second contact element, the first and the second contact element being releasably connectable to one another. As a result of the connection, the first and the second contact element are in direct contact with one another and thus form electrical contact with one another.

The electrical plug connection is intended to provide a detachable electrical connection between electrical conductors, for example cables. The first contact element and the second contact element are each formed with an electrically conductive material, in particular a metal, for example copper, or a metallic alloy.

Electrical plug connections in the type in question are intended to connect electronic components to one another in electrical contact. For example, the electrical plug connection is provided to connect photovoltaic elements to one another in series and / or parallel circuits. Furthermore, the electrical plug connection can be provided to connect an electric vehicle to a charging device. In particular, the electrical plug connection is provided to conduct currents of at least 5 amps, preferably at least 30 amps, at voltages of at least 1 kV.

In conventional electrical plug connections, the first contact element is designed as a plug and the second contact element as a socket. The plug and socket are typically designed differently from one another, the plug being insertable into the socket. During operation, the plug is inserted into the socket so that they are connected to one another via a non-positive connection. In the frictional connection, the electrical resistance decreases with increasing normal force between the surfaces in direct contact with one another. As a result, a non-positive connection with a high normal force is generally produced in order to achieve a low-ohmic electrical resistance. Thus, a non-positive connection between plug and socket means that a high force is required to separate the electrical plug connection between the socket and the plug. It is therefore disadvantageous that disconnection, in particular automated disconnection, of the electrical plug connection is made more difficult.

The German utility model DE 20 2017 004941 U1 describes an electrical connector that can be separated with little effort.

The present invention is based on the object of designing and developing an electrical plug connection of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be produced with little material and cost outlay, and which can be disconnected with a particularly low expenditure of force. Furthermore, the present electrical plug connection is based on the object of enabling an electrical connection with a particularly low electrical resistance. In addition, a difference to competitive products should be brought about.

According to the invention, the above object is achieved by the features of claim 1. According to this, the first contact element and the second contact element have a shape that is essentially identical to one another and can be connected to one another in a form-fitting manner. In particular, the shape of the first contact element can be converted into the shape of the second contact element by means of similarity images. For example, the first and the second contact element each have a mating face which has an identical shape.

The first and second contact elements can be produced using the same method and using the same tools. In particular, the first and second contact elements can be produced by means of injection molding, cold forming and / or milling. Advantageously, two different types of components, namely plug and socket, do not have to be provided as is the case with conventional electrical plug connections. Instead, only one type of component has to be provided, so that among other things development costs, manufacturing costs and storage costs of the electrical plug connection are significantly reduced.

According to one embodiment of the electrical plug connection, the first and the second contact element are designed to be complementary to one another. The contact elements, in particular the mating faces, are brought into engagement with one another in the connected state of the contact elements, so that they are positively connected to one another. In particular, the mating faces are aligned with one another in such a way that they face one another and are relatively rotated. In this context, “facing one another” means that the main axes of extension of the contact elements run antiparallel to one another and overlap one another. In this context, “rotated relative to one another” means that the mating faces are rotated relative to one another about the main axis of extension of the contact elements.

According to one embodiment of the electrical plug connection, the first and second contact elements form a zero-force plug connection to one another. The zero-force connector is formed by the positive electrical connection and can be separated by means of a particularly low force, in particular without overcoming frictional forces between the first and second contact elements. For example, a force required to separate the electrical connection, a so-called separation force, is independent of the number of contact elements in contact with one another. The present electrical plug connection thus enables a multi-pole connection element with a multiplicity of first and second contact elements, in which the electrical connection can be separated by means of a low separating force.

According to one embodiment, the first contact element and the second contact element, in particular the mating faces of the contact elements, each have a spherical section and two wing sections each. The wing sections are arranged radially around the spherical section and extend along the main extension axis of the respective contact element. In particular, the wing sections of the same contact element have mutually facing inner surfaces. The inner surfaces run, for example, at an angle of a maximum of 45 °, preferably a maximum of 25 °, or particularly preferably a maximum of 10 ° to one another. In the interconnected state of the contact elements, the wing sections of the first contact element are in direct contact with the spherical section of the second contact element and the wing sections of the second contact element are in direct contact with the spherical section of the first contact element.

According to one embodiment, the wing sections taper in a direction away from the respective spherical section of the contact element. In particular, the wing sections are designed to guide the contact elements relative to one another when they are brought into connection with one another. In other words, the mating faces have a self-centering geometry, so that the contact elements can be connected to and detached from one another while overcoming particularly low frictional forces.

According to one embodiment, the inner surfaces of the wing sections are designed to be curved, the radius of curvature of the inner surfaces at least in sections corresponding to a radius of curvature of the spherical section. For example, a line contact or a surface contact is created between the wing section of the one contact element and the spherical section of the respective other element. This advantageously achieves a particularly low electrical contact resistance between contact elements.

According to one embodiment, the electrical plug connection comprises a housing which is set up to press the first and the second contact element against one another by means of a pressing force. According to one embodiment, the first contact element is pressed against the second contact element with a contact pressure of at least 20 Newtons, preferably at least 30 Newtons. The housing comprises, for example, a clamping element, a screw element, a bolt or a bayonet lock, whereby the pressing force is maintained. In particular, the contact pressure acts along the main axis of extension of the first and second contact elements. Advantageously, the electrical contact resistance between the first and second contact element decreases as the contact pressure increases. For example, the contact resistance with a contact force of 20 N is a maximum of 6 milliohms.

According to one embodiment, the contact elements have a coding by means of which contact elements that belong together can be assigned to one another. For example, the contact elements are coded using colored markings or symbols. Alternatively, the contact elements can be coded by means of the geometry of the plug faces, so that only contact elements belonging to one another enter into a form-fitting connection with one another. The risk of connecting contact elements that do not belong together is thus advantageously reduced.

According to one embodiment, the first contact element and the second contact element each have a coil, with a current flowing through the plug connection flowing through the coils. The current flowing through the coils creates magnetic fields. These magnetic fields are oriented in such a way that, when the contact elements are connected to one another, an attractive magnetic force acts between the contact elements.

When a current flows through the coils, a magnetic field forms in accordance with Lenz's rule. When the contact elements are connected, the coils are connected in series. When current flows, two magnetic fields are generated in the coils, between which the attractive magnetic force acts. This attractive magnetic force acts along the main axes of extension of the contact elements, so that the mating faces are pressed against one another by means of the attractive magnetic force.

According to one embodiment, the first contact element and the second contact element each comprise a ferrimagnetic element, the ferrimagnetic elements being arranged in such a way that they are each generated by the coils Strengthen magnetic fields. In particular, the ferrimagnetic elements are at least partially arranged in the coil of the associated contact element. For example, the spherical section comprises the ferrimagnetic element. The magnetic force of attraction between the contact elements is advantageously increased by means of the ferrimagnetic elements.

According to one embodiment, the attractive magnetic force between the first and the second contact element increases with increasing current, whereby the electrical contact resistance between the first and the second contact element decreases with increasing current. In particular, the attractive magnetic force acts parallel to the contact pressure.

According to one embodiment, when the direct contact between the first and the second contact element is separated, a magnetic field acts in an area between the first and the second contact element, which reduces the risk of a separating spark occurring. This advantageously reduces the risk of injury and fire when the electrical plug connection is disconnected during a high current flow.

According to one embodiment, the electrical plug connection comprises a disconnection unit which is set up to disconnect the direct contact between the first and the second contact element when a predefined or predefinable event occurs. The separation unit can be a retrofittable element that can be installed on electrical plug connections. Alternatively, the separation unit can be an integral part of the electrical plug connection. The event can be predefined or predefinable by means of a mechanism, material properties of individual elements of the separating unit or by means of an algorithm.

For example, the separation unit comprises a sensor which is set up to output a sensor signal.

The sensor is, for example, a temperature sensor and the predefined or predefinable event is the output of a sensor signal which corresponds to the exceeding of a critical temperature value. The critical temperature value is, for example, a temperature of the electrical plug connection or a temperature which is detected at a location spaced apart from the contact elements. In particular, the critical temperature corresponds to the temperature of a fire. The critical temperature can be 250.degree. C., in particular 350.degree. The sensor can comprise a bimetal strip which is set up to deform when a critical temperature is exceeded, the sensor signal resulting from the deformation of the bimetal strip.

Furthermore, the sensor can be a humidity sensor. The predefined or predefinable event can be the output of a sensor signal which corresponds to the exceeding of a critical humidity value.

The sensor can be a current or voltage sensor. The event can be the output of a sensor signal which corresponds to the exceeding of a critical current and / or voltage value.

The predefined or predefinable event can be the actuation of a switching device by a user. In this case, the switching device can be set up to trigger the separation of the contact elements by means of a switching signal. The switching device can be arranged directly on the contact elements or at a distance from the contact elements. The switching signal is, for example, an electrical, a mechanical or a wirelessly transmitted signal. Correspondingly, the switching device is, for example, an electrical switch, a mechanical switch or some other signal transmitter.

In particular, the separation unit can comprise a plurality of sensors or a combination of sensors and a switching device. The event can then be the output of several predefined or predefinable values of the sensor signals and / or the switching signal.

According to one embodiment, the isolating unit comprises a switch which, when a predefined or predefinable event occurs, reverses the direction of the current flow through one of the coils. In particular, the switch can be set up to change the polarity of one of the coils when the sensor signal is output. By reversing the current flow in one of the coils, the coils form opposing magnetic fields. The opposing magnetic fields lead to a repulsive magnetic force between the first and second contact element, which separates the electrical contact between the first and the second contact element.

According to one embodiment, the separating unit, which surrounds the first and second contact elements, is fastened to the housing. When the predefined or predefinable event occurs, the separating unit exerts the separating force on the first contact element and the second contact element. For example, the separating unit comprises a pretensioned spring which separates the contact elements from one another when the event occurs.

According to one embodiment, the first and the second contact element each have a crimp connection, by means of which the contact elements can be connected to an electrical conductor.

• 1, 2 und 3 in schematischer Darstellung unterschiedliche Perspektiven ein erstes oder zweites Kontaktelement gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 4 in schematischer Schnittdarstellung eine elektrische Steckverbindung gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 5 in schematischer Explosionsansicht ein erstes oder zweites Kontaktelement gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 6 und 7 in schematischer Darstellung ein erstes oder zweites Kontaktelement gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 8, 9, 10, 11 und 12 unterschiedliche beispielhaft bemaßte Darstellungen eines ersten oder zweiten Kontaktelements gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 13 in schematischer perspektivischer Darstellung ein Crimpanschluss gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel des ersten oder zweiten Kontaktelements,
• 14 und 15 beispielhaft bemaßte Darstellungen des Crimpanschluss,
• 16 und 17 beispielhaft bemaßte Darstellungen einer Kugel gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel des ersten oder zweiten Kontaktelements,
• 18. in schematischer perspektivischer Darstellung ein erstes Gehäuseteil gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel des ersten oder zweiten Kontaktelements,
• 19 und 20 beispielhaft bemaßte Darstellungen des ersten Gehäuseteils,
• 21. in schematischer perspektivischer Darstellung ein zweites Gehäuseteil gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel des ersten oder zweiten Kontaktelements,
• 22 und 23 beispielhaft bemaßte Darstellungen des zweiten Gehäuseteils,
• 24 in schematischer Schnittdarstellung das erste Kontaktelement gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel mit dem ersten und zweiten Gehäuseteil,
• 25 in schematischer Schnittdarstellung das erste und zweite Kontaktelement gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel mit dem ersten und zweiten Gehäuseteil,
• 26 in schematischer Seitenansicht das erste und zweite Kontaktelement, jeweils mit dem ersten und zweiten Gehäuseteil, im verbundenen Zustand,
• 27 in schematischer Schnittansicht das erste oder zweite Kontaktelement gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 28 und 29 in schematischer Schnittansicht das erste oder zweite Kontaktelement gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel, wobei zur Verbesserung der Übersichtlichkeit keine Spule dargestellt ist,
• 30 und 31 in schematischer Schnittansicht eine Kugel mit ferrimagnetischem Element und Spule gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel des Kontaktelements,
• 32 und 33 in schematischer perspektivischer Ansicht die Kugel mit ferrimagnetischem Element und Spule gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel des Kontaktelements,
• 34 in schematischer perspektivischer Ansicht die Spule gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel des Kontaktelements,
• 35 in schematischer Schnittansicht senkrecht zur Stirnseite des Kontaktelements die Kugel, die Spule und das ferrimagnetische Element gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel des Kontaktelements.

There are now various possibilities for designing and developing the teaching of the present invention in an advantageous manner. For this purpose, reference is made, on the one hand, to the claims subordinate to claim 1 and, on the other hand, to the following explanation of preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawing. In connection with the explanation of the preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawing, generally preferred configurations and developments of the teaching are also explained. Show in the drawing

• 1 , 2 and 3 a schematic representation of different perspectives of a first or second contact element according to a first embodiment,
• 4th a schematic sectional illustration of an electrical plug connection according to a first embodiment,
• 5 a schematic exploded view of a first or second contact element according to a second exemplary embodiment,
• 6th and 7th in a schematic representation a first or second contact element according to the second embodiment,
• 8th , 9 , 10 , 11 and 12th different exemplary dimensioned representations of a first or second contact element according to the second embodiment,
• 13th in a schematic perspective illustration a crimp connection according to the second exemplary embodiment of the first or second contact element,
• 14th and 15th exemplary dimensioned representations of the crimp connection,
• 16 and 17th exemplary dimensioned representations of a ball according to the second embodiment of the first or second contact element,
• 18th . in a schematic perspective illustration a first housing part according to the second embodiment of the first or second contact element,
• 19th and 20th exemplary dimensioned representations of the first housing part,
• 21 . in a schematic perspective illustration a second housing part according to the second embodiment of the first or second contact element,
• 22nd and 23 exemplary dimensioned representations of the second housing part,
• 24 in a schematic sectional view the first contact element according to the second embodiment with the first and second housing part,
• 25th in a schematic sectional view the first and second contact element according to the second embodiment with the first and second housing part,
• 26th in a schematic side view the first and second contact element, each with the first and second housing part, in the connected state,
• 27 in a schematic sectional view the first or second contact element according to a third embodiment,
• 28 and 29 in a schematic sectional view the first or second contact element according to the third embodiment, no coil being shown to improve clarity,
• 30th and 31 a schematic sectional view of a ball with a ferrimagnetic element and coil according to the third embodiment of the contact element,
• 32 and 33 in a schematic perspective view the ball with ferrimagnetic element and coil according to the third embodiment of the contact element,
• 34 in a schematic perspective view the coil according to the third embodiment of the contact element,
• 35 in a schematic sectional view perpendicular to the end face of the contact element, the ball, the coil and the ferrimagnetic element according to the third embodiment of the contact element.

1 shows in a schematic perspective illustration a first 1 or second 2 contact element according to a first embodiment. In particular, the contact element 1 , 2 as part of an electrical connector 3 intended. The contact element comprises a crimp connection 4th , a segment of a sphere 5 and two wing sections 6th .

2 and 3 show the first embodiment of the first 1 or second 2 contact element in a schematic sectional view. Here is the representation of the contact element 1 , 2 in 3 compared to the representation in 2 around the main axis of extension 7th Shown rotated by 90 °. The wing sections 6th radially adjoin the spherical section 5 and run essentially along the main axis of extension 7th of the contact element 1 , 2 . The wing sections 6th have facing inner surfaces 8th which run at an angle of a maximum of 20 ° to each other. The inner surfaces point transversely to the main axis of extension 7th a curvature. The radius of curvature of the inner surfaces is at least partially as large as the radius of curvature of the spherical section 5 .

4th shows a schematic sectional view of an electrical plug connection 3 according to a first embodiment. The first contact element 1 and the second contact element 2 have an identical shape to one another and are positively connected to one another. The first and the second contact element, in particular their mating faces, are designed to be complementary to one another. In the present case, the mating face comprises the wing sections and the spherical section. The contact elements, in particular the mating faces, are positively connected to one another. The mating faces are aligned with one another in such a way that they face one another and relative to one another around the main axes of extension of the first and second contact elements 1 , 2 are twisted. The contact elements 1 , 2 form a zero-force plug connection to each other. The zero-force plug connection is formed by the form-fitting electrical connection and can be separated by means of a particularly low force, in particular without overcoming frictional forces between the first and second contact elements.

5 shows in a schematic exploded view the structure of a first or second contact element 1, 2 according to a second exemplary embodiment. The contact element comprises a crimp connection 4th , a carrier body 9 on which the wing sections 6th are formed and a contact ball 10 showing the sphere section 5 includes. By means of locking pins 11 become the crimp termination 4th and the contact ball 10 each on the carrier body 9 attached. For this purpose the locking pins 11 in each provided securing holes 12th introduced.

the 6th shows a schematic side view of the first 1 or second 2 contact element according to the second embodiment. The ball 10 is in the carrier body 9 inserted and with the through the security holes 12th guided locking pin 11 on the carrier body 9 attached. The one between the wing sections 6th exposed part of the sphere 10 forms the spherical section 5 , which is provided with wing sections of another contact element 1 , 2 to be in electrical contact. The wing sections 6th are radial around the spherical section 5 arranged.

The crimp connection 4th is partially in the carrier body 9 inserted and with the through the locking holes 12th guided locking pin 11 on the carrier body 9 attached.

the 7th shows a schematic perspective view of the first 1 or second 2 contact element according to the second embodiment. The carrier body 9 has a cavity 13th between the ball 10 and the crimp terminal 4th on. In this cavity 13th an electronic, electromechanical or mechanical component, for example a switch or a sensor, can be arranged.

8th and 9 show the first or second contact element in exemplary dimensioned sectional views 1 , 2 according to the second embodiment. In the representation in 9 is the contact element opposite to the illustration in 8th by 90 ° around the main extension axis 7th turned. The dimensions of the contact element are given in millimeters.

10 and 11 show the support body in exemplary dimensioned sectional views 9 a first or second contact element 1 , 2 according to the second embodiment. In the representation in 9 is the carrier element 9 compared to the representation in 8th by 90 ° around the main extension axis 7th turned. The dimensions of the carrier body 9 are given in millimeters.

12th shows an exemplary dimensioned front view of the carrier element 9 along the main axis of extension 7th . The dimensions of the carrier are given in millimeters.

13th shows the crimp connection in a schematic perspective illustration 4th of the first 1 or second 2 contact element according to the second embodiment. The crimp connection 4th comprises a main section 16 , to which a front contact end 14th and a rear contact end 15th adjoin. The front contact end 14th is provided in the carrier body for this purpose 9 to be introduced. The rear contact end 15th is provided for this on an electrical conductor, for example a cable 27 to be connected by means of crimping. In particular, the front contact end are 14th and the rear contact end 15th formed with an electrically conductive material. The crimp connection 4th has two locking holes 12th on, one of which is in the main section 16 and one in the front contact end 14th is trained. The safety hole 12th in the front contact end 16 is to accommodate a locking pin 11 provided which the carrier body 9 and the crimp termination 4th mechanically connects to each other. The safety hole 12th in the main section 16 is to accommodate a locking pin 11 provided which the crimp connection 4th and a case 17th to be mechanically connected to each other.

14th and 15th show the crimp connection in exemplary dimensioned sectional views 4th of the first or second contact element 1 , 2 according to the second embodiment. In the representation in 15th is the crimp connection 4th compared to the representation in 14th by 90 ° around the main extension axis 7th turned. The dimensions of the crimp connection 4th are given in millimeters.

16 and 17th show the sphere in exemplary dimensioned sectional views 10 of the first or second contact element 1 , 2 according to the second embodiment. In the representation in 17th is the ball 10 compared to the representation in 16 by 90 ° around the main extension axis 7th turned. The dimensions of the sphere 10 are given in millimeters.

18th shows a first housing part in a schematic perspective illustration 18th according to the second embodiment of the first 1 or second 2 contact element. The first housing part 18th is intended to be pushed onto the first 1 or second 2 contact element. For mechanical connection of the first housing part 18th with the crimp connection 4th , becomes a locking pin 11 through the locking holes 12th the first housing part and the main section 16 of the crimp connection 4th plugged. The first housing part comprises two locking tongues 19th on opposite sides of the mating face of the first housing part 18th are arranged.

19th and 20th show the first housing part in exemplary dimensioned sectional views 18th of the first or second contact element 1 , 2 according to the second embodiment. In the representation in 20th is the first part of the housing 18th compared to the representation in 19th by 90 ° around the main extension axis 7th turned. The dimensions of the first housing part 18th are given in millimeters.

21 shows a second housing part in a schematic perspective illustration 21 according to the second embodiment of the first 1 or second 2 contact element. The second part of the housing 21 is provided for this purpose on the first housing part 18th to be postponed. For mechanical connection of the second housing part 21 with the first housing part 18th , becomes a locking pin 11 through the locking holes 22nd of the second housing part 21 and the first housing part 18th plugged.

22nd and 23 show the second housing part in exemplary dimensioned sectional views 21 for the first 1 or second 2 contact element according to the second embodiment. In the representation in 23 is the second part of the housing 21 compared to the representation in 22nd by 90 ° around the main extension axis 7th turned. The dimensions of the second housing part 21 are given in millimeters.

In the interconnected state, the first contact element comprises 1 and the second contact element each have a first 18 and a second 21 housing part. The first housing part 18th includes locking tabs 19th , which are provided in locking openings 20th of the second housing part 21 to intervene. When connected, the locking tongues grip 19th of the first contact element 1 into the locking openings of the second contact element 2 and vice versa. By means of the connection between the first 18 and the second 21 housing part, a pressing force is applied to the first 1 and second 2 contact elements 26th exercised. The first housing part 18th and the second housing part 21 together form the housing 17th . The pressing force 26th presses the ball section 5 against the wing sections 6th of the other contact element 1 , 2 and vice versa.

The electrical connector 3 can be a separation unit 23 include. The separation unit 23 a separating force is provided for this purpose 25th on the first housing part 18th and the second housing part 21 exercise in order to separate the electrical connection between the first 1 and second 2 contact element when a predetermined or predeterminable event occurs. This separation force 25th is on the first and second contact element 1 , 2, which separates them from each other. The applied separation force 25th is greater than the contact pressure 26th , which by means of the housing 17th on the contact elements 1 , 2 is exercised. When the predeterminable or predefined event occurs, the separation unit exercises 23 the separation force 25th on the case 17th out, causing the locking tabs 19th from the locking openings 20th loosen and the first 1 and second 2 contact elements are separated from each other.

the 24 shows a schematic sectional view of the first 1 or second 2 contact element according to the second embodiment with the first housing part 18th . The first housing part 18th and the contact element 1 , 2 are by means of the locking pin 11 mechanically connected to each other. At the crimp connection 4th is a cable 27 connected.

the 25th shows the electrical plug connection in a schematic sectional view 3 with the first 1 and second 2 contact element in the disconnected state. The first 1 and second contact element each comprise the first 18 and second 21 housing parts. The second part of the housing 21 is on the first housing part 18th attached, which in turn is attached to the contact element. In places is the inner diameter of the first housing part 18th less than the outer diameter of the contact element 1 , 2 . It is thus in at least one direction along the main axis of extension 7th a force, especially the separation force 25th and / or the contact pressure, from the second housing part 21 on the contact element 1 , 2 transferable. At the crimp connection 4th is a cable 27 connected.

the 26th shows the electrical connector in a schematic side view 3 in connected state. The case 17th comprises the first housing part 18th and the second housing part 21 . The locking tabs 19th of the first housing part 18th reach into the locking openings 20th of the second housing part 21 . The housing parts 18th , 21 each have openings 22nd on into which a separation unit 23 can intervene to create a separation force 25th on the housing parts 18th , 21 exercise.

the 27 shows a schematic sectional view of the first 1 or second 2 contact element according to a third embodiment of the electrical plug connection. In contrast to the second exemplary embodiment, the contact element additionally comprises a coil 24 and a ferrimagnetic element 28 . The sink 24 revolves around the ferrimagnetic element and the ferrimagnetic element 28 is partially in the sphere 10 arranged.

The plug connection according to the third exemplary embodiment comprises a first and a second contact element 1 , 2 , each with a coil 24 . When the plug-in connection is used as intended 3 According to the third embodiment, a current flows through the connector 3 flows through, including the coils 24 . This creates magnetic fields which are oriented in such a way that the contact elements are in an interconnected state 1 , 2 between the contact elements 1,2 an attractive magnetic force 29 works.

The contact element 1 , 2 according to the third embodiment comprises a ferrimagnetic element 28 , which is arranged so that this one of the coils 24 generated magnetic field intensified.

The electrical connector 3 comprises a separation unit 23 which is set up for direct contact between the first and the second contact element 1 , 2 to be disconnected when a predefined or predefinable event occurs. With the electrical plug connection 3 according to the third exemplary embodiment, the separating unit comprises 23 a switch 32 which, when a predefined or predefinable event occurs, the current flow through the coil 24 separates the electrical connection between the contact elements.

The sink 24 comprises, for example, a first coil section and a second coil section, the coil sections being wound in mutually opposite directions. The switch is set up to conduct the current through the first coil section in a first state and to conduct the current through the second coil section in a second state. When the predefined event occurs, the switch changes from the first state to the second state. Thus, when the event occurs, the magnetic field is reversed and a separating magnetic force acts between the first and second contact element 1 , 2 .

the 28 shows a schematic sectional view of the first or second contact element 1 , 2 according to the third exemplary embodiment, with no coil to improve clarity 24 is shown. The switch contacts 30th extend through the carrier body 9 . The switch contacts are located on the outside of the carrier body 30th the desk 32 arranged, which, depending on its state, the current through the first coil section 33 or the second coil section 34 directs. The desk 32 can for example be a bimetal switch which, when a predefined temperature is exceeded, the current flow in the coil 24 reverses. This creates opposing magnetic fields in the coils, which create a repulsive magnetic force between contact elements 1 , 2 cause.

the 29 shows a schematic sectional view of the first or second contact element according to the third embodiment, with no coil to improve clarity 24 is shown. In contrast to the in 28 The illustrated embodiment is the contact element 1 , 2 around the main axis of extension 7th Shown rotated by 90 °. The bimetal switch 32 contacts either the first 33 or the second 34 coil section. In the wing section 6th is the master contact 31 educated. Via the master contact 31 are the coil 24 in the first contact element 1 and the coil 24 connected to each other in the second contact element.

the 30th and 31 show a schematic sectional view of a ball with a ferrimagnetic element and coil according to the third exemplary embodiment of the contact element. the 31 shows compared to 30th one around the main axis of extension 7th Representation rotated by 90 °.

The switch contacts 30th of the first coil section 33 and the second coil section 34 extend radially away from the main axis of extension 7th . The lead contact 31 extends essentially parallel to the main axis of extension 7th . The ferrimagnetic element 28 is for example a cylindrical ferrite core, and extends along the main axis of extension 7th completely through the ball 10 .

the 32 and 33 show the ball in a schematic perspective view 10 with ferrimagnetic element 28 and coil 24 according to the third embodiment. The sink 24 includes the first 33 and second 34 coil sections. In normal operation, the current flows through the conductive contact 31 , the first or second coil section 33 , 34 and the switch contact 30th .

the 34 shows the coil in a schematic perspective view 24 according to the third embodiment of the contact element 1 , 2 . The coil includes first and second coil sections 33 , 34 that have opposite directions of rotation. In particular, the first coil section 33 within the second coil section 34 arranged.

the 35 shows the ball in a schematic sectional view perpendicular to the end face of the contact element 10 , the sink 24 and the ferrimagnetic element 28 according to the third embodiment of the contact element 1 , 2 . The sectional plane of the sectional view runs perpendicular to the main axis of extension 7th . Parallel to the main extension axis 7th the lead contact runs 31 . The switch contact 30 runs parallel to the cutting plane

With regard to further advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention, reference is made to the general part of the description and to the appended claims in order to avoid repetition.

Finally, it should be expressly pointed out that the above-described exemplary embodiments of the device according to the invention only serve to explain the teaching claimed, but do not restrict them to the exemplary embodiments.

List of reference symbols

1

First contact element

2

Second contact element

3

Electrical plug connection

4th

Crimp termination

5

Spherical section

6th

Wing section

7th

Main axis of extension

8th

Inner surface

9

Carrier body

10

Bullet

11

Locking pin

12th

Safety hole

13th

cavity

14th

Front contact end

15th

Rear end of contact

16

Main section

17th

casing

18th

First housing part

19th

Locking tongue

20th

Locking opening

21

Second housing part

22nd

opening

23

Separation unit

24

Kitchen sink

25th

Separation force

26th

Contact pressure

27

cable

28

Ferrimagnetic element

29

Magnetic force

30th

Switch contact

31

Lead contact

32

counter

33

First coil section

34

Second coil section

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 202017004941 U1 [0005]

Claims (16)

Electrical plug connection (3) comprising a first contact element (1) and a second contact element (2), wherein the first and the second contact element (1, 2) can be detachably connected to one another, whereby the first and the second contact element (1, 2) in are in direct contact with one another and form electrical contact with one another, characterized in that the first and second contact elements (1, 2) have a substantially identical shape to one another and can be connected to one another in a form-fitting manner. Electrical plug connection (3) Claim 1 , wherein the first and the second contact element (1, 2) are designed to be complementary to one another. Electrical plug connection (3) Claim 1 or 2 , wherein the first and second contact elements (1, 2) form a zero-force plug connection to one another. Electrical connector (3) according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , in which the first contact element (1) and the second contact element (1) each have a spherical section (5) and two wing sections (6) each, the wing sections (6) being arranged radially around the spherical section and extending along the main axis of extension (7 ) of the respective contact element (1, 2) so that in the interconnected state the wing sections (6) of the first contact element (1) are in direct contact with the spherical section (5) of the second contact element (2), and the wing sections (6 ) of the second contact element (2) with the spherical section (5) of the first contact element (2) are in direct contact with one another. Electrical plug connection (3) Claim 4 wherein the wing sections (6) each taper in a direction away from the spherical section (5). Electrical plug connection (3) Claim 4 or 5 wherein the wing sections (6) have a curved inner surface (8), the radius of curvature of which at least in sections corresponds to a radius of curvature of the spherical section (5). Electrical connector (3) according to one of the Claims 1 until 6th , comprising a housing (17) which is set up to press the first and second contact elements (1, 2) against one another by means of a pressing force (26). Electrical connector (3) according to one of the Claims 1 until 7th , wherein the contact elements (1, 2) have a coding by means of which contact elements (1, 2) that belong together can be assigned to one another. Electrical connector (3) according to one of the Claims 1 until 7th , in which the first contact element (1) and the second contact element (2) each have a coil (24), whereby a current which flows through the connector (3) flows through the coils (24) so that magnetic fields arise, and the magnetic fields of the Coils (24) are oriented such that when the contact elements (1, 2) are connected to one another, an attractive magnetic force (29) acts between the contact elements (1, 2). Electrical plug connection (3) Claim 8 , in which the first contact element (1) and the second contact element (2) each comprise a ferrimagnetic element (28), the ferrimagnetic elements (28) being arranged in such a way that the ferrimagnetic elements (28) each comprise the one of the coils (24 ) amplify generated magnetic fields. Electrical plug connection (3) Claim 8 or 9 , wherein the attractive magnetic force (9) between the first and the second contact element (1, 2) increases with increasing current, whereby an electrical contact resistance between the first and the second contact element (1, 2) decreases with increasing current. Electrical connector (3) according to one of the Claims 8 until 11 , wherein when the direct contact between the first and the second contact element (1, 2) is separated, a magnetic field acts in an area between the first and the second contact element (1, 2), which reduces the risk of a separating spark. Electrical connector (3) according to one of the Claims 1 until 12th , comprising a separation unit (23) which is set up to separate the direct contact between the first and the second contact element (1, 2) when a predefined or predefinable event occurs. Electrical plug connection (3) Claim 13 related to one of the Claims 8 until 12th wherein the separation unit (23) comprises a switch which reverses the current flow through one of the coils (24) when a predefined or predefinable event occurs. Electrical plug connection (3) Claim 13 , the separation unit (23) being fastened to the housing (17), the housing (17) surrounding the first and second contact elements (1, 2), and the separation unit (23) exerting a separation force ( 25) exerts on the first contact element and the second contact element (1, 2). Electrical connector (3) according to one of the Claims 1 until 15th , wherein the first contact element (1) and the second contact element (2) each have a crimp connection (4) by means of which the contact elements (1, 2) can be connected to an electrical conductor (27).

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