DE102020201575A1 - Brake arrangement of a two-wheeler with electromechanical ABS - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a brake arrangement, a mechanical cable brake (2) with a cable (20), a cable casing (3), a brake lever (21) with a holder (22) and a wheel brake device (23), the cable (20) through the cable casing (3) runs, a spindle arrangement (4) with a spindle (40) and a spindle nut (41), the spindle arrangement (4) being arranged on the holder (22) of the brake lever (21), a drive (5) for Moving the spindle (40), a first end (31) of the cable casing (3) being arranged on the wheel brake device (23) and a second end (32) of the cable casing (3) being arranged on the spindle (40), an ABS -Sensor system (6) for detecting a locking of a wheel during braking, and a control unit (10) which is set up to control the drive (5) in such a way that the movement of the spindle (40) influences the braking force as a function of the signals provided by the ABS sensor system (6) in this way is carried out to prevent the wheel from locking.

Description

State of the art

The present invention relates to a brake arrangement of a two-wheeler, in particular a bicycle or a running bike, with an electromechanical anti-lock braking system (ABS) and / or a radio remote control, as well as a two-wheeler, especially a bicycle or a running bike, with a brake arrangement according to the invention.

Locking the wheels of a bicycle during emergency braking can lead to critical riding situations, especially if a front wheel of the bicycle locks. Due to the increasing use of bicycles with electrically assisted auxiliary motors, the speeds of the bicycles are increasing, and with it the risk of accidents. From the prior art, anti-lock braking systems are known which were developed for hydraulic bicycle brake systems. However, there are still bicycles, some with an electric drive, that have a mechanical cable brake. Electric scooters, also called e-scooters, can also have mechanical cable brakes. With such e-scooters, too, there is a risk of a wheel locking when braking and thus a critical driving situation. Since, for cost reasons, only mechanical cable brakes are installed in many two-wheelers, it would therefore be desirable to have an ABS system for such mechanical cable brakes as well. Furthermore, children's exercise bikes or miniature bicycles for children are known which have cable brakes. However, due to their cognitive and / or motor development, the children are often not yet able to operate these vehicles properly when they are in a critical condition. This can often lead to falls or traffic-related accidents with such vehicles with a corresponding risk of injury.

Disclosure of the invention

The inventive brake arrangement of a two-wheeler, in particular a bicycle or an e-scooter, with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that an anti-lock function can also be implemented in two-wheelers with mechanical cable brakes. The manufacturing cost of the brake arrangement is very low. The brake arrangement is inexpensive, can also be easily integrated into the two-wheeler and is suitable for all mechanical cable brake systems. This is achieved according to the invention in that the brake arrangement has a mechanical cable brake with a cable, a brake lever with a holder and a wheel brake device, in particular with a brake bridge and a brake beam. Furthermore, a cable sheath is provided through which the cable runs. The brake arrangement further comprises a spindle arrangement with a spindle and a spindle nut, which are arranged on the holder of the brake lever. A drive for moving the spindle is also provided. A first end of the cable casing is arranged on the wheel brake device and a second end of the cable casing is arranged on the spindle. The second end of the cable casing is arranged on the spindle in such a way that the cable casing with the spindle moves in the axial direction of the spindle, e.g. by means of an annular flange on the cable casing which engages behind an undercut on the spindle. The brake arrangement also includes an ABS sensor system for detecting a locking of a wheel of the two-wheeler during a braking process and a control unit. The control unit is set up to control the drive in such a way that the movement of the spindle influences the braking force as a function of the signals provided by the ABS sensor system in such a way that the braked wheel is prevented from locking. In this way, an ABS system can be integrated into a mechanical cable brake in a simple and inexpensive manner. As a result, increased safety can be achieved when braking two-wheelers with a mechanical cable brake. In particular in the case of e-scooters, which often only have one coaster brake, a front wheel brake can also be integrated inexpensively. E-scooters are very unsafe, especially because of the relationship between a center of gravity of the bicycle and a tire diameter, and often lead to critical driving situations or falls or the like in the event of heavy braking, which can be prevented by the brake arrangement according to the invention.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a brake arrangement of a two-wheeler, in particular a running bike or a miniature vehicle, for children. The brake arrangement comprises a mechanical cable brake with a cable, a cable casing, a brake lever with a holder and a wheel brake device. Furthermore, the cable of the cable brake is passed through the cable casing. Furthermore, a spindle arrangement with a spindle and a spindle nut is provided, the spindle arrangement being arranged on the holder of the brake lever. A drive moves the spindle, a first end of the cable casing being arranged on the wheel brake device and a second end of the cable casing being arranged on the spindle. Furthermore, a radio remote control with a mobile transmitter and a receiver arranged on the two-wheeler is provided. The receiver is connected to the control unit and the control unit is set up, to actuate the drive of the spindle based on a signal sent from the transmitter to the receiver in order to trigger a braking process by the wheel brake device. Thus, for example, running bikes or small bicycles for children or other children's vehicles can be equipped with a brake arrangement according to the invention so that parents who hold the transmitter of the radio remote control in their hands can trigger a braking process in a critical situation. This significantly increases the safety of vehicles that are driven by children. In this way, falls and hazards in traffic or the like can be avoided in particular.

The subclaims show preferred developments of the invention.

The spindle of the spindle arrangement preferably has a through opening through which the cable pull is passed. This enables a particularly compact and simple structure to be implemented.

The brake arrangement further preferably comprises a position switch which is set up to detect a position of the spindle. The position switch is designed in particular in such a way that the drive of the spindle arrangement is de-energized when the spindle is in an initial position. In this way, power consumption can be minimized. In the starting position of the spindle, the spindle is preferably in a fully extended position. As a result, the greatest possible distance of the spindle can be covered in order to perform ABS braking.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the spindle arrangement is integrated into the holder of the brake lever. The drive of the spindle arrangement is particularly preferably also integrated into the holder of the brake lever.

Alternatively, the spindle arrangement and the drive are arranged in a separate housing. This makes it possible to provide a retrofit kit for mechanical cable brakes and to retrofit an ABS function on existing two-wheelers with a mechanical cable brake.

The brake arrangement further preferably further comprises an electrical energy store for supplying the drive with electrical energy. This means that even two-wheelers without an electric drive, i.e. normal bicycles, for example, can be equipped with an ABS function. If the two-wheeler itself has an electric drive, such as e-bikes, pedelecs, e-scooters or the like, the electrical energy store is not absolutely necessary.

The drive of the spindle arrangement is preferably a DC motor.

The receiver of the radio remote control further preferably has its own electrical energy store. This enables reliable actuation of the braking device by the remote control.

The radio remote control is preferably designed in such a way that an emergency braking function is possible through voice-controlled triggering. For this purpose, the transmitter of the radio remote control preferably has a microphone. The microphone can particularly preferably execute preset voice commands, e.g. stop or halt or caution or brake, etc. The transmitter is also preferably designed as a first transceiver which can both send and receive commands. In addition, a second transceiver, for example a smartphone, is provided which can give commands to the first transceiver. The second transceiver can also give commands to the first transceiver of the radio remote control, which triggers the braking function. If the second transceiver is a smartphone, an app or the like can be provided, for example. It is also possible that the first transceiver of the radio remote control transmits information to the second transceiver, for example the battery level of the emergency braking system or a distance between the first transceiver and the receiver on the two-wheeler, in order to determine a maximum radio range of the radio remote control.

If the second transceiver is a smartphone, system-critical states of the brake arrangement can also be monitored and corresponding messages can be output to the second transceiver.

The control unit is furthermore preferably set up to reverse the drive for moving the spindle in the event of a laterally longer ABS braking. Here, the control unit is set up, after the spindle has covered a predetermined distance, to reverse the drive so that the spindle is operated backwards. The reverse operation preferably takes place after 90% of the maximum distance of the spindle has been covered. This prevents a maximum spindle travel distance from being reached with a longer ABS braking, for example on gravel roads, so that the brake lever would reach its stop position on the handlebar and could not be pulled any further by the user. Here is the brake pressure still present, but cannot be reduced any further in order to perform an ABS function. By reversing the direction of rotation of the spindle, the spindle moves away from the stop position and continues to provide the brake arrangement with the maximum braking force according to the ABS sensor system. A noticeable brake pressure on the brake lever is retained for a user and continues to convey the important braking feeling on the user's hand. As soon as the brake lever is released, the drive moves the spindle back to its starting position.

The present invention further relates to a two-wheeled vehicle, in particular a bicycle, for example an e-bike or the like, or an e-scooter or a children's vehicle, for example a running bike, with a brake arrangement according to the invention.

Figure list

• 1 eine schematische Ansicht einer Bremsanordnung eines Fahrrads gemäß einem ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, und
• 2 eine schematische Ansicht einer Bremsanordnung eines Laufrads gemäß einem zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.

Preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawing is:

• 1 a schematic view of a brake arrangement of a bicycle according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention, and
• 2 a schematic view of a brake arrangement of a wheel according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention.

Preferred embodiments of the invention

Referring to FIG 1 a bicycle 11 with a brake arrangement according to the invention 1 described in detail.

How out 1 can be seen, points the bike 11 a mechanical cable brake 2 on a front wheel 7th on.

The cable brake 2 includes a cable 20th , which on a brake lever 21 is attached. The brake lever 21 is by means of a holder 22nd on a handlebar 9 of the bike 11 attached. The brake lever 21 can do this around a fulcrum 27 be rotated. (Arrow B)

The cable brake 2 further comprises a wheel brake device 23 with a brake bridge 24 , a brake bar 25th and brake shoes 26th , which on the front wheel 7th can perform a braking process.

The wheel brake device 23 is in a known manner on a head tube 8th of the bike 11 attached.

The cable 20th is in a cable casing 3 out, which between the wheel brake device 23 and the brake lever 21 is provided. The cable 20th connects the wheel brake device 23 at the brake bridge 24 with the brake lever 21 .

There is also a spindle assembly 4th with a spindle 40 and a mother 41 intended. How out 1 can be seen is a first end 31 the cable casing 3 with the brake bar 25th connected and a second end 32 the cable casing is with the spindle 40 connected.

The spindle 40 has a through opening 42 up and the cable 20th is through the inside of the spindle 40 passed through. The spindle 40 can for example be made inexpensive as a plastic part.

One drive 5 , in this embodiment a DC motor, is with the nut 41 the spindle arrangement 4th connected. By turning the nut 41 can the spindle 40 from the holder 22nd can be extended and retracted. This is in 1 by the double arrow A. indicated.

There is also an ABS sensor system 6th provided, which is set up, a locking front wheel 7th capture. The ABS sensors 6th is with a control unit 10 connected. The control unit 10 is with the drive 5 the spindle arrangement 4th connected and set up the drive 5 to be controlled in such a way that by the movement of the spindle 40 influencing the braking force as a function of the ABS sensors 6th provided signals is executed. The braking force is influenced in particular in such a way that when the front wheel locks 7th this is released again.

Thus, the brake arrangement according to the invention is useful 1 the cable casing 3 to implement an ABS function in a mechanical cable brake 2 . Due to the linear movement of the spindle 40 (Double arrow A. ) a braking force on the front wheel can be varied, since the cable casing 3 on the one hand with the brake bar 25th and on the other hand with the spindle 40 connected is. The cable casing can thus be used to apply a braking force to the wheel braking device 23 to reduce to avoid the wheel locking. Furthermore, a braking force can also be increased when a user of the bicycle presses the brake lever 21 so far to the handlebars 9 has pulled that the brake lever can no longer be moved, but the front wheel is not yet locked by the braking process.

As the cable casing 3 firmly between the spindle 40 and the brake bar 25th is arranged, the position of the brake arm is set by a movement of the spindle 25th changed, so that this affects the braking force on the front wheel 7th is possible.

A significantly improved braking behavior of the two-wheeler can thus be achieved by the brake arrangement according to the invention. On the one hand, the wheels can be prevented from locking and, on the other hand, the braking force can also be increased if necessary.

The brake assembly 1 further comprises a position switch 12th which is inside the holder 22nd is arranged. The position switch is set up, one position of the spindle 40 capture. When an initial position of the spindle 40 by the position switch 12th is detected, the drive becomes 5 switched to be de-energized, the starting position is preferably the fully extended position of the spindle 40 .

The brake assembly also includes 1 this embodiment an electrical energy store 13th which is the drive 5 supplied with electrical energy. If the two-wheeler is a two-wheeler with an electric drive, for example an e-bike or an e-scooter, the additional electrical energy storage device can be dispensed with. However, it is also conceivable that, in spite of the presence of an electrical energy store for the bicycle, the electrical energy store can also be used 13th the brake assembly 1 is provided in order to avoid that ABS braking is no longer possible when the electrical energy store of the bicycle is empty.

A simply constructed, inexpensive and very robust ABS system can thus be provided for mechanical brake arrangements. The mechanical brake arrangement can nevertheless be constructed very compactly. The additional ABS function in the brake arrangement according to the invention also has only a very low weight and, if necessary, retrofitting of mechanical cable brakes is also possible.

2 Fig. 3 shows a children's learner bike with a brake arrangement according to a second embodiment of the invention. Identical or functionally identical parts are denoted by the same reference symbols as in the first exemplary embodiment.

The impeller 111 of the second embodiment has, like the first embodiment, a brake arrangement 1 with an ABS sensor system 6th on. A mechanical cable brake is also used in the same way as in the first exemplary embodiment 2 and a spindle assembly 4th with corresponding components available. The function of the ABS braking is the same as in the first exemplary embodiment.

In addition, there is a radio remote control in the second exemplary embodiment 60 with a mobile transmitter 61 and a recipient 62 on the impeller 111 intended. Recipient 62 is with the control unit 10 connected. The control unit 10 is set up based on one from the mobile transmitter 61 to the recipient 62 transmitted signal the drive 5 to move the spindle 40 to operate. This results in a braking process by the wheel braking device 23 executed. Thus, for example, parents can have a child who is on the balance bike 111 drives and gets into a dangerous situation by operating the radio remote control 60 assist with braking. Thus, the impeller 111 be safely slowed down by the parents.

Claims (15)

Brake arrangement of a two-wheeler, comprising: - a mechanical cable brake (2) with a cable (20), a cable casing (3), a brake lever (21) with a holder (22) and a wheel brake device (23), - wherein the cable (20 ) runs through the cable casing (3), - a spindle arrangement (4) with a spindle (40) and a spindle nut (41), the spindle arrangement (4) being arranged on the holder (22) of the brake lever (21), - a drive (5) to move the spindle (40), - wherein a first end (31) of the cable sheath (3) is arranged on the wheel brake device (23) and a second end (32) of the cable sheath (3) is arranged on the spindle (40), - an ABS sensor system (6) for Detection of a locking of a wheel during braking, and - a control unit (10) which is set up to control the drive (5) in such a way that the movement of the spindle (40) influences the braking force as a function of the ABS sensors (6) provided signals is executed in such a way that locking of the wheel is prevented. A brake assembly of a two-wheeler comprising: - a mechanical cable brake (2) with a cable (20), a cable casing (3), a brake lever (21) with a holder (22) and a wheel brake device (23), - wherein the cable (20) runs through the cable casing (3), - A spindle arrangement (4) with a spindle (40) and a spindle nut (41), the spindle arrangement (4) being arranged on the holder (22) of the brake lever (21), - a drive (5) for moving the spindle (40), - wherein a first end (31) of the cable sheath (3) is arranged on the wheel brake device (23) and a second end (32) of the cable sheath (3) is arranged on the spindle (40), and - A radio remote control (60) with a mobile transmitter (61) and a receiver (62) arranged on the two-wheeler, the receiver (62) being connected to a control unit (10), the control unit (10) being set up based on a from the transmitter (61) to the receiver (62) transmitted signal to actuate the drive (5) for moving the spindle (40) in order to trigger a braking process by the wheel brake device (23). Brake arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2 wherein the spindle (40) has a through opening (42) running in the longitudinal direction of the spindle and the cable pull (20) is passed through the through opening. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a position switch (12) which is set up to detect a position of the spindle (40) and in particular to detect an initial position of the spindle (40) and the drive (5) in the initial position of the spindle to de-energize. Brake arrangement according to Claim 4 , wherein in the starting position of the spindle (40), the spindle (40) is fully extended. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spindle arrangement (4) is integrated in the holder (22) of the brake lever (21). Brake arrangement according to Claim 6 , wherein the drive (5) of the spindle arrangement (4) is integrated in the holder (22) of the brake lever (21). Brake arrangement according to one of the Claims 1 until 5 , wherein the spindle arrangement (4) and the drive (5) are arranged in a separate housing. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising an electrical energy store (13) for supplying the drive (5) with electrical energy. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive (5) is a DC motor. Brake arrangement according to one of the Claims 2 until 10 , wherein the receiver (62) has its own electrical energy store (13). Brake arrangement according to one of the Claims 2 until 11 , wherein the mobile transmitter of the radio remote control further comprises a microphone. Brake arrangement according to one of the Claims 2 until 12th , wherein the mobile transmitter of the radio remote control is designed as a transceiver and in particular is set up to communicate with a further transceiver, in particular a smartphone. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit is set up to reverse the direction of rotation of the spindle after the spindle has covered a predetermined path of movement during ABS braking. Two-wheeler or electric bicycle or e-scooter or running bike or the like, comprising a brake arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

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