DE102020134235A1 - PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A SPECIFIC VEHICLE OF A SET OF VEHICLES, A SPECIFIC VEHICLE, AND A SET OF VEHICLES - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of manufacturing a specific passenger transport vehicle is disclosed, comprising the steps of: defining the shortest vehicle and the longest vehicle of the set of vehicles; Determination of maximum loads, and in particular and technical data resulting therefrom, of the longest vehicle, in particular also of the shortest vehicle; Establishing all essential technical data of the first end module, the second end module, the middle module and in particular the at least one option module; Defining requirements of the specific vehicle at least with regard to overall length, number of seats and number of doors, in particular with regard to design as a middle car or as an end car; Specifying the number and design of one or more option modules to be provided to meet the requirements; and designing the specific vehicle by combining a first end module with a second end module, with a middle module and with at least one option module.

Description

technical field

The present disclosure relates to a method of manufacturing a specific vehicle configured as a passenger transport vehicle. The vehicle is part of a set of passenger transport vehicles, in particular the vehicle is a rail vehicle and correspondingly part of a set of rail vehicles designed for mass transport of people, for example as part of local and long-distance public transport. Furthermore, a specific passenger transport vehicle is disclosed, which is manufactured by means of the aforementioned method. In addition, the present disclosure relates to a vehicle family or set of vehicles.

Known prior art

It is known that people-carrying vehicles and cars for people-carrying vehicles are individually configured and designed according to specific requirements and needs. For this reason, there is a very large number of different public transport vehicles, for example with different lengths, different seat configurations, a different number of doors, equipment, etc.

Accordingly, a very large number of different vehicles for public passenger transport are developed and manufactured, since there is an equally large number of individual requirements for vehicles on the part of the operators of passenger transport vehicles.

Disadvantages of the Prior Art

This results in a relatively high development effort for providers of passenger transport vehicles, since each vehicle has to be developed individually to meet existing needs.

problem

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a specific vehicle designed as a passenger transport vehicle, with the development effort being able to be reduced to a minimum. Furthermore, a vehicle of a vehicle family with reduced development effort is to be presented.

Solution according to the invention

The above object is achieved by the method according to claim 1, by a specific vehicle according to claim 12 and by a set of vehicles according to claim 15.

The method for producing a specific vehicle of a set of vehicles includes the set of vehicles having a short vehicle with a minimum length and a longest vehicle with a maximum length.

In the context of this disclosure, the term “set of vehicles” should be understood in the sense of “vehicle family” or “vehicle platform”. The set of vehicles means that each specific vehicle in this set, including the shortest vehicle and the longest vehicle, can or is designed and manufactured by the disclosed method, in particular with the disclosed method steps at least in the conceptual structure, but in particular also be reflected in the physical structure of the individual vehicles in the set of vehicles.

The present disclosure relates in particular to vehicles designed as passenger transport vehicles and to a set of passenger transport vehicles designed for use in public transport. In particular, the term "vehicle" may be equated with "passenger transport vehicle" or "mass passenger transport vehicle".

Furthermore, in particular, the disclosure does not relate to vehicles for individual passenger transport, in particular no passenger cars.

The term “vehicle” refers to a rigid, articulated car with an equally rigid, articulated and delimitable car body (chassis). In particular, a multi-part, multi-articulated transport vehicle, z. B. the low-floor tram car series "Combino" or "Avenio" from the manufacturer Siemens, not as a vehicle within the meaning of the present disclosure. Rather, such a multi-section, multi-articulated transport vehicle would have a plurality of individual vehicles corresponding to the multi-section within the meaning of the present disclosure.

In the context of the present disclosure, in particular when the vehicle is designed as a rail vehicle, the term “vehicle” is to be understood as synonymous with “wagon”, in particular of a train or vehicle formation. A train consists of a number of coupled vehicles (cars) together.

For an overall contextual understanding of the present disclosure, a longitudinal direction, a horizontal transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and a vertical direction perpendicular thereto are defined, which relate to a car body of the vehicle and/or to the entire vehicle. If such an indication of direction is used in connection with individual components of the vehicle, a reference must be made to an intended installation position of these components in the vehicle used as intended. The intended use of the vehicle can be defined in such a way that the vehicle is positioned on a flat, horizontal and straight surface, for example on a roadway or on rails.

• Schritt a): Definieren des kürzesten Fahrzeugs und des längsten Fahrzeugs des Sets von Fahrzeugen.

The disclosed method includes at least the following steps:

• Step a): Define the shortest vehicle and the longest vehicle of the set of vehicles.

In this case, at least both the shortest vehicle and the longest vehicle have a first end module and a second end module, and, in each case arranged between them, a middle module and in particular at least one option module.

Alternatively or additionally, the longest vehicle has a first end module, a second end module and, in each case arranged in between, a middle module and at least one option module, and the shortest vehicle consists of at least a first and a second end module and a middle module arranged in between.

In this context, the term "module" is preferably to be understood in terms of conceptual structure, so that a corresponding vehicle is not necessarily formed by physically separable modules, but the technical design process can take place with regard to the modules. For example, although the technical design process takes place specifically for each individual module, a vehicle formed by these individual modules is formed "in one" by means of a continuous manufacturing process from continuous components that span the modules.

In particular, no modules of the longest vehicle, the shortest vehicle of the vehicle, and/or a specific vehicle of the set of vehicles are pivotally or rotatably connected to one another, for example by means of joints.

The first end module forms a first end of the vehicle and the second end module forms the further end of the vehicle. Correspondingly, each end module has a transition which is arranged on a side of the end module which faces away from the respective end of the vehicle. The central module follows this transition, either indirectly with one or more option modules being positioned in between, or directly.

Such cross-module components can be, for example, continuous profile components which, when connected to one another, can form a supporting structure of the vehicle. A support structure of a vehicle of the set of vehicles is preferably formed using a multiplicity of profile components connected to one another by welding, riveting and/or screwing, so that the support structure at least partially forms a car body of the vehicle.

In the "Define" step of the longest and the shortest vehicle, technical boundary conditions of the longest vehicle and the shortest vehicle of the set of vehicles are analyzed, compared and evaluated accordingly, so that the following technical data can be determined: Presence and non-existence of core functions of the longest and the shortest vehicle, minimum and maximum number of seats and/or standing room, minimum and maximum vehicle length, minimum and/or maximum loading gauge, minimum and maximum spacing of bogies in the case of the vehicle being designed as a rail vehicle, and/or a provision regarding the presence or Non-existence of optional functions and/or optional special facilities and special places (wheelchair space, wheelchair toilet, luggage and/or bicycle spaces, on-board restaurant, supply and/or ticket machines, etc.). Correspondingly, the shortest vehicle represents a functional and capacitive minimum version of the vehicle and the longest vehicle represents a functional and capacitive maximum version of the vehicle.

According to one embodiment, in the step “Define” the longest and the shortest vehicle, core functions are defined that must be provided by each vehicle of the set of vehicles, and there must be core components corresponding to the core functions. The term “core component” can refer to a single physical component or unit; Furthermore, it can be a collection and/or objects that are in a causal relationship Act as components or devices that together provide the relevant core function. Such core functions and/or core components are, for example:

Ventilation function (ventilation and ventilation), preferably with an air conditioning function (fans, corresponding motors, energy supply therefor, filters, heat exchangers, supply ducts and connections, etc.);

Useful energy supply for energy consumers in the vehicle (light function, individual energy needs of passengers, sockets, switch cabinets, energy storage devices, cables, etc.), in particular not for a vehicle drive system;

media functions (e.g. providing an internet connection, in-vehicle communication system, router, communication devices for receiving internet data, etc.);

Braking function, which includes all the necessary components for performing this braking function of the vehicle or for supplying a braking device of a bogie of the vehicle (line system and/or actuator system for pneumatic or hydraulic actuating media, connection systems for neighboring vehicles in the case of rail vehicles coupled to one another).

In particular, in the “Define” step, a differentiation can be made between two different types of the longest vehicle and the shortest vehicle with regard to powered and non-powered versions. Correspondingly—analogously to the above—a shortest driven vehicle, a shortest unpowered vehicle, a longest driven vehicle, and a longest unpowered vehicle can be technically defined. Such a differentiation can be made in particular in the context of an embodiment of the set of vehicles as a set of rail vehicles.

In the event that the longest vehicle and the shortest vehicle are determined and technically defined independently of whether the vehicle is powered or non-powered, the possibility of providing a corresponding drive device and all the necessary components, devices, connectors, controls, etc. and functions implemented with it as a core function and/or as a core component. In this case, for example, a core function “drive function” is that the vehicle can accommodate electrical switching devices, electrical lines and/or energy stores or energy converters for supplying drive motors.

If a distinction is made between a shortest driven vehicle, a shortest non-driven vehicle, a longest driven vehicle and a shortest driven vehicle, then a core function "drive function" of the shortest and longest driven vehicle, a complete drive and corresponding components including energy supply must be provided for it. Such components can be, for example: Energy supply for the traction drive (pantograph, fuel tank, energy storage, power electronics, drive control, drive motors, gears, energy connections and lines, corresponding switch cabinets and assembly devices, etc.).

Step b): Determination of maximum loads, and in particular and the resulting technical data, of the longest vehicle, in particular also of the shortest vehicle, at least taking into account drive and braking loads, axle loads and crash loads. Actual, concrete and measurable technical data of the previously defined longest vehicle, and in particular also of the shortest vehicle, are determined.

According to one embodiment, the longest vehicle, and in particular also the shortest vehicle, is essentially completely constructed and designed, in particular taking into account the intended core function and possible optional functions. Accordingly, a design of the longest vehicle, especially the shortest vehicle, to provide sufficient stability (rigidity, fatigue strength, maximum loads that can be endured, corrosion resistance, etc.) can be referred to as the core function "stability".

For example, technical details of one or more longitudinally aligned profile components of a side wall, a floor, a roof and/or a side member of the vehicle are determined. In particular, these technical details can include the following: dimensions of a profile component in the vertical direction, in horizontal direction, in the longitudinal direction, shape of the profile, material, connections with other profile components, arrangement, material thickness and/or design of components for the realization of core functions, etc.

According to one embodiment, the longest vehicle is designed and dimensioned in such a way that all technical requirements are met, possibly taking safety factors into account. For example become Requirements regarding torsional rigidity, longitudinal rigidity and/or transverse rigidity of the car body of the vehicle, regarding maximum stresses in the longitudinal direction, in the transverse direction and/or in the vertical direction, maximum shear stresses are fully and sufficiently met by the longest vehicle. This degree of fulfillment of each individual technical requirement can be quantified at 100%.

According to a further embodiment, the shortest vehicle is designed and dimensioned in such a way that all technical requirements are more than met, possibly taking safety factors into account. For example, requirements relating to torsional rigidity, longitudinal rigidity and/or transverse rigidity of the car body of the vehicle, regarding maximum stresses in the longitudinal direction, in the transverse direction and/or in the vertical direction, exceeding maximum shear stresses are met by the shortest vehicle. This degree of fulfillment of an individual or a plurality of technical requirements can be quantified with at least 110%, in particular with at least 115%, furthermore in particular with at least 125%, preferably with at least 150%.

In particular, a relative torsional rigidity (normalized to a longitudinal extent of the vehicle, for example torsional rigidity per meter of vehicle length, linear meter), relative longitudinal rigidity and/or relative transverse rigidity of the car body of the vehicle, is a maximum permissible material stress in the longitudinal direction, in the transverse direction and/or in the vertical direction, of the Car body of the shortest vehicle at least 110%, in particular at least 115%, more particularly at least 125%, preferably at least 150% of the corresponding value of the longest vehicle.

Step c): Specification of all essential technical data of the first end module, the second end module, the middle module and in particular the at least one option module. This is done in particular taking into account the technical information from the definition and/or construction step of the shortest vehicle and the longest vehicle from step a), and from the determination of the maximum loads from the dimensioning of the longest vehicle according to step b). For example, the determined maximum loads and/or the resulting technical data of the longest vehicle is/are now transformed into essential technical data of the individual modules.

Defining all essential technical data of an end module determines which core functions must be provided by an end module. Either the first end module and/or the second end module must individually or in combination have the following core functions:

Useful energy supply for energy consumers in vehicles, in particular not for a vehicle drive device; Braking function, represented in particular by both end modules; optional: media functions.

In particular, the core function "drive function", especially in the previously discussed variations, is to be provided in at least one of the end modules, either by providing a complete drive and corresponding components including drive energy supply, or at least providing the technical possibility of providing a corresponding drive device including all the components required for this to be able to arrange in the end module.

Furthermore, it is a mandatory core function of each end module to be designed to support the car body of the vehicle on wheels so that it can be rolled on a substrate. If the vehicle is designed as a rail vehicle, each end module has an interface for receiving a bogie. According to one embodiment, each end module has a bearing device which forms an interface to a chassis, rolling mechanism, and/or bogie.

Furthermore, a first sub-type of an end module for receiving a conventional bogie and a second sub-type of an end module for receiving a Jakobs bogie can be formed.

Alternatively, the end modules may be substantially the same or identical regardless of whether they are supported on a conventional bogie or on a Jakobs bogie.

According to one embodiment, the first end module and the second end module are geometrically similar, essentially the same, or identical. In particular, the first end module and the second end module are in fact identical in all essential technical details, so that the shortest vehicle and the longest vehicle, and specific vehicles of the set of passenger transport vehicles tender, have end modules that are identical in design. According to one embodiment, although the two end modules are identical to one another, they are mirror-inverted with regard to details that are non-symmetrical in the transverse direction.

For example, a first end module and a second end module can be configured for a conventional bogie and for a Jakobs bogie. In particular, a first and second end module can be of essentially the same design, with a mirror-symmetrical arrangement being able to be provided with regard to non-symmetrical interfaces of the end modules.

In particular, each end module can be designed to accommodate at least, in particular exactly, two rows of windows, for example when the end module is configured according to the second subtype—or at least, in particular exactly three rows of windows—for example when the end module is configured according to the first subtype.

Furthermore, each end module can be designed in such a way that it can be formed, connected and/or combined with a vehicle transition device or with a vehicle end device. By providing an end module with a vehicle transition device, this vehicle can be coupled to another vehicle having a further vehicle transition device in such a way that an interior transition for passengers from one vehicle to the other is made possible. In particular, such an embodiment makes sense when the vehicle is designed as a rail vehicle and a plurality of such rail vehicles are coupled together to form a train set.

If, on the other hand, an end module is formed with a vehicle end device, such an end module forms an actual vehicle end, with no transition being possible via this vehicle end to another vehicle which is coupled to it. Preferably, a vehicle end device may be equipped with a driver's cab.

If each end module of a vehicle is designed with a vehicle transition device, such a vehicle is designed as a central vehicle for coupling to other vehicles on both sides. If, on the other hand, each end module is provided with a vehicle end device, then a corresponding vehicle is designed as a one-piece vehicle, for example as a bus or rail bus. Of course, a vehicle designed in one piece can be coupled with other vehicles in order to form a vehicle combination.

In particular, a vehicle interface device and a vehicle end device are not considered modules within the meaning of the present invention.

A middle module is always designed to be arranged in the longitudinal direction between further modules, and in particular cannot form a vehicle end. Furthermore, a center module is not designed to be supported directly on a chassis, rolling mechanism, and/or bogie. In particular, a center module does not have a positioning device that forms an interface to a chassis, rolling mechanism, and/or bogie.

A center module can, in particular, must be designed in such a way that the core function “ventilation function” is implemented.

According to one embodiment, the first end module is designed to represent the “drive function” core function, the second end module to represent the “useful energy supply” core function, and the middle module to represent the ventilation function. In this way, core functions such as ventilation function, usable energy supply and drive function, which are particularly space-intensive, are advantageously distributed between the individual modules.

Within the scope of a further embodiment, a further core function “cross connection” is specified, which is preferably provided exclusively by a middle module. The middle module is designed in such a way that details, components, connections, cables, pipelines and/or supporting structures arranged asymmetrically in the transverse direction can be connected by the middle module in end modules and/or in the option module. In particular, the central module has at least one cross-connection device for this purpose.

If, for example, a compressed air connection, compressed air interface, power supply cable and/or power supply interface, which leads from the first end module at least via the middle module to the second end module, is/are arranged in an end module on a first transverse side (e.g. left side), the middle module transfers this accordingly Connection from the left side to the right side. In this way, the end modules can be configured essentially the same, or even identical, with respect to interfaces.

For example, the end module has a compressed air cross-connection device for compressed air connections for the braking function, a ventilation cross-connection device for the ventilation function, a useful energy supply cross-connection, and/or a drive energy cross-connection for the drive function. In particular, within the scope of this embodiment, the first end module and the second end module can be designed essentially identically, in particular with a useful energy, compressed air, ventilation and/or drive energy interface in the first end module and in the second end module of each end module are arranged asymmetrically, in particular non-centrally, with respect to a transverse direction.

According to one embodiment, a central module can be designed to accommodate at least three rows of windows. However, this does not mean that a center module of a specific vehicle must always have three actual rows of windows; Rather, instead of a window, a closed outer wall can be formed at the location of the row of windows provided, for example if a toilet is provided at this location.

An option module is used to display optional vehicle functions, depending on requirements. Optional functions can be:

Extension of the vehicle in the longitudinal direction (e.g. in relation to the shortest vehicle) by means of a length of one or more option modules; Enabling access to the vehicle through a door function, such an option module also being referred to as "door module".

Particularly in the area of an option module for extension, ie in the function of an extension module, a vehicle ideally does not have any components of the core functions of the end modules. Lines between adjacent modules, such as fluid lines and power lines, are routed through an option module.

Increasing the passenger capacity of the vehicle by arranging passenger seats in the option module. Increasing a cargo capacity of the vehicle by creating additional cargo space, for example for luggage and/or for bicycles. The two specified embodiments of option modules can be subsumed under the term “passenger module”.

Through the definition of modules and the at least conceptual subdivision of a longest vehicle and a shortest vehicle in a set of vehicles, in particular through a clear assignment of core functions to an end module and a middle module, a modular, conceptual construction kit for the design of a set of vehicles and for the design is created of a specific vehicle of the set of vehicles. At this time, each vehicle of the set of vehicles can be created by combining the modules thus specified.

The inventive method also has at least

Step d) Defining the requirements of the specific vehicle at least with regard to overall length, number of seats and number of doors, in particular with regard to design as a middle car or as an end car,

Step e) determining the number and design of one or more option modules to be provided to meet the requirements, and

Step f) designing the specific vehicle by combining a first end module with a second end module, with a middle module and with at least one option module, and in particular

Step e) Manufacture of the specific vehicle. In particular, the manufacturing process can be carried out "in one" independently of the defined modules by means of a continuous manufacturing process from continuous components that span the modules.

Correspondingly, a set of vehicles is also disclosed, this having at least one shortest vehicle and one longest vehicle, each according to the described modularity and the corresponding design of core functions. In particular, the shortest vehicle is oversized relative to the longest vehicle as previously described, in this context a specific vehicle of the set of vehicles is also disclosed.

In particular, the modules are not only clearly defined with regard to supporting structures of a car body of the vehicle, but also in such a way that a finished vehicle can be represented structurally and functionally with the aid of the essentially fully designed modules. In this context, the term "essentially" means that core functions and optional functions are defined, and that corresponding core components for realizing the core functions are provided by the individual modules, or that at least the corresponding module is designed to accommodate core components for realizing the core functions . The term "complete vehicle" should be understood to mean that the specific vehicle, which has been conceptually assembled using the described modules, fully meets the stated and identified requirements.

In particular, the term does not mean that secondary support functions have already been fully implemented. Such a support function is, for example, the Verka of components, the connection of lines for working media, in particular connecting modules with one another, or the attachment of markings and characters.

In particular, a train set can be formed from several vehicles of the set of vehicles, in particular vehicles that are designed differently, by coupling these several vehicles (cars) to one another.

According to one embodiment, a length of each module is a multiple of a constant unit length of the set of vehicles. Each vehicle of the set of vehicles has the identical unit length. In particular, an option module designed as a passenger module has exactly twice the unit length.

According to an advantageous embodiment, a window divider of the vehicle is substantially equal to twice the unit length.

In particular, the unit length is between 800 mm and 1000 mm. In particular, the unit length is at least 830 mm, more particularly at least 850 mm, preferably at least 880 mm, and/or at most 970 mm, in particular at most 950 mm, preferably at most 920 mm. According to a favorable embodiment, the unit length is approximately 900 mm. The effect of this is that a conceptual combination of modules can take place in a particularly simple manner, in particular since this allows optional functions in relation to the unit length to be made possible. In particular, all length-dependent components can be advantageously designed in this way, e.g. In particular, length-dependent components of a module are designed according to the unit length, with a length of components or components of a module being at least the unit length or a multiple, in particular an even multiple, of the unit length.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the unit length of all end modules and the central module is an even multiple of the unit length. In this way, the number of possible specific vehicles in the set of vehicles is maximized without, however, disproportionately increasing the effort involved in designing and constructing the individual modules. In particular, the central module is at least twice, in particular at least four times, and/or at most ten times, in particular at most eight times, in particular exactly six times the unit length. A series of conceptual tests and technical analyzes has shown that in this way a conflict of objectives between the highest possible number of theoretically realizable specific vehicles of the set of vehicles and the effort involved in designing and constructing can be solved in the best possible way.

A set of vehicles can have the following individual vehicles, in particular designed as rail vehicles with Jakobs bogies or with conventional bogies:

A longest vehicle in the set of vehicles, in particular designed as the vehicle end of a rail vehicle intended for use as a front train, can have the following modules according to one embodiment: a first end module connected to a vehicle end device, a first option module connected to it designed as a door module, with this first Door module in particular has a double or triple unit length in the longitudinal direction, designed as a door module tool second option module, this second door module in particular having a double or triple unit length of the set of vehicles in the longitudinal direction. In between, a central module, in particular with six times the unit length, a third option module and a fourth option module, in particular both having twice the unit length, are provided. The third and the fourth option module are designed as passenger modules and assume optional functions such as passenger seats, bicycle racks, wheelchair spaces, etc. The middle module can represent the core function "ventilation" and optional functions such as passenger seats, bicycle racks, wheelchair spaces, etc. Figures. Furthermore, the longest vehicle has a second end module that connects to the second door module. The second end module is equipped with a vehicle transition device. In the case of a rail vehicle configuration, the first end module and the second end module are configured for support on conventional bogies, or the first end module is configured for support on a conventional bogie and the second end module is configured for support on a Jakobs bogie. In particular, the first and/or the second end module can be four times or six times the unit length. Furthermore, in particular, the first and/or the second end module can represent the core function “drive function” or be designed to accommodate corresponding drive components.

If a longest vehicle in the set of vehicles, in particular designed as a vehicle end of a rail vehicle, is intended for use as a center car, the configuration is the same as above, with the elimination assumption that the first end module is equipped with a vehicle transition device.

A shortest vehicle of the set of vehicles, in particular designed as a vehicle end of a rail vehicle, can be designed according to the longest vehicle described above with the following differences: in addition to the first and the second end module, there is only a single door module, in particular only the first door module and no second Door module, only a center module, and in particular no other designed as passenger modules. The design with a core function and optional functions, as a front train or as an intermediate car, is carried out in the same way as above.

With the help of the conception and/or construction of the longest vehicle and the shortest vehicle, each with the design variations as a front end or as a middle car, with or without the core function "drive", storage on rails using a Jakobs bogie or using a conventional bogie, the set is completed vehicles formed. The set of vehicles includes the longest vehicle, the shortest vehicle and at least one intermediate solution, preferably a large number of intermediate solutions (intermediate vehicles). The distribution of core functions in each vehicle of the set of vehicles is the same: in particular, braking function, storage function, possibly drive function, useful electrical energy supply and corresponding components are arranged in one or in both end modules. The ventilation function can be implemented either through the middle module or through one/both end modules.

According to one embodiment, the method comprises a step in which interfaces between modules are defined and specifications of these interfaces are specified. This technical data can include, for example: the position of supporting structures, in particular side walls, a floor and/or a roof of the vehicle, the position of cable ducts and/or ducts or pipes for working media, ventilation ducts, etc.

In particular, the following interfaces are defined: interface between a first end module and a middle module, interface between a first end module and an option module, interface between a second end module and a middle module, interface between a second end module and an option module, interface between a middle module and an option module, and interface between an option module designed as a door module and a further option module designed as a passenger module.

At least one or all interfaces are defined in such a way that a functional transition between modules can be represented or is represented independently of their configuration. For the sake of clarity, it is stated that an intersection of a compressed air supply line in each module occupies a module-independent specific position, that each combination of modules leads to a continuous compressed air supply line. Specifically, a position of a specific detail interface with respect to the lateral direction and vertical direction of the vehicle is identical in each module. The following can apply as a detailed interface: interface for a ventilation duct, interface for compressed air, interface for a hydraulic medium, interface for a power supply for a drive, interface for a power supply for the electrical supply of the vehicle, interface for support structures in the floor, in the side walls and/or in the roof of the vehicle.

The advantageous definition of interfaces and/or detail interfaces means that each module is compatible with each other module according to the above definition of interfaces, at least for realizing the core function.

According to one embodiment, an option module configured as a door module is configured with a length that is twice or three times the unit length. A specific vehicle with a door module three times the unit length has extra-wide doors.

The present disclosure includes both a set of vehicles having a shortest vehicle and a longest vehicle according to one or more of the embodiments described above and a specific vehicle designed and / or manufactured according to one or more embodiments of the method described above, as well as a specific vehicle Part of the set of vehicles.

The embodiments described above can be combined with one another as desired, but in a sensible manner, with the shortest vehicle, for example, already having two option modules.

character list

• 1 zeigt ein längstes Fahrzeug eines Sets von Fahrzeugen,
• 2 repräsentiert eine erste Ausführungsform eines kürzesten Fahrzeugs des Sets von Fahrzeugen, und
• 3 gibt eine zweite Ausführungsform des kürzesten Fahrzeugs gemäß 2 wieder.
• 4 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsform eines spezifischen Fahrzeugs des Sets von Fahrzeugen;
• 5 zeigt eine zweite Ausführungsform eines spezifischen Fahrzeugs des Sets von Fahrzeugen;
• 6 ist eine Übersichtsansicht über mögliche Ausgestaltungsformen eines Innenausbaus des spezifischen Fahrzeugs gemäß 5.
• 7 repräsentiert einen ersten Untertyp eines Endmoduls der Ausführungsformen gemäß 1, 2, und 4.
• 8 zeigt einen zweiten Untertyp eines Endmoduls der Ausführungsformen gemäß 2 bis 6.
• 9 verdeutlicht eine Fahrzeugübergangsvorrichtungen gemäß den 1 bis 6 und eine Fahrzeugendvorrichtung gemäß den 1, 2 und 4.
• 10 zeigt Antriebskomponenten der Kernfunktion „Antrieb“ und Lüftungskomponenten der Kernfunktion „Lüftung“.
• 11 ist ein Mittelmodul gemäß aller Ausführungsformen 1 bis 6,
• 12 zeigt eine Ausführungsform eines Türmodul mit einer doppelten Einheitslänge und eine Ausführungsform eines Türmodul mit einer dreifachen Einheitslänge, und
• 13 zeigt ein als Passagiermodul ausgebildetes Optionsmodul.

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. The elements of the drawings are relative to one another and not necessarily measured true to the staff. The same reference symbols designate the same or correspondingly similar parts.

• 1 shows a longest vehicle of a set of vehicles,
• 2 represents a first embodiment of a shortest vehicle of the set of vehicles, and
• 3 gives a second embodiment of the shortest vehicle according to FIG 2 again.
• 4 shows a first embodiment of a specific vehicle of the set of vehicles;
• 5 shows a second embodiment of a specific vehicle of the set of vehicles;
• 6 FIG. 1 is an overview of possible configurations of an interior design of the specific vehicle according to FIG 5 .
• 7 represents a first sub-type of end module according to embodiments 1 , 2 , and 4 .
• 8th Figure 12 shows a second sub-type of end module according to embodiments 2 until 6 .
• 9 illustrates a vehicle interface devices according to the 1 until 6 and a vehicle end device according to FIGS 1 , 2 and 4 .
• 10 shows drive components of the core function "drive" and ventilation components of the core function "ventilation".
• 11 is a middle module according to all embodiments 1 until 6 ,
• 12 Figure 12 shows an embodiment of a double unit length door module and an embodiment of a triple unit length door module, and
• 13 shows an option module configured as a passenger module.

exemplary embodiments

1 until 6 show different vehicles 20, 30, 70, 80 of a set of vehicles, each designed as rail vehicles. Each vehicle 20, 30, 70, 80 defines a longitudinal direction 2, a horizontal transverse direction 3 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 2 and a vertical direction 4 perpendicular thereto, which refers to a car body of the vehicles 20, 30, 70, 80 and / or each refer to the entire vehicle 20, 30, 70, 80.

1 shows a longest vehicle 30, designed for use as a towing vehicle. This comprises the following modules: a first end module 44 equipped with a vehicle transition device 100 and in addition adapted to be supported on a conventional bogie 105 on rails 106.

An option module designed as a door module 42 is connected to the first end module 44, which in turn is connected to two option modules designed as a passenger module 43. This is followed by a central module 40, a further door module 42 and a second end module 46. The end module 46 is equipped with a vehicle end device 101 having a driver's cab 102.

The option modules designed as door modules 42 are designed with a length that is three times the unit length 5 .

The two additional option modules designed as a passenger module 43 assume optional functions. For example, a passenger capacity of the longest vehicle 30 is increased compared to a passenger capacity of the shortest vehicle 20 by means of additional double seat units 59, row seat units 60 and/or wheelchair spaces 58 provided in the option modules. Alternatively, the option modules, for example in the transverse direction 3 next to a double seat unit 59, can provide bicycle mounts 55 or cargo space ( 6 ).

All modules 44, 42, 43, 40, 46 are formed with a length which is a multiple of a unit length 5. Specifically, the first end module 44 is six times, each door module 42 is three times, each option module 43 is double, and the middle module 40 is six times the unit length 5.

The first end module 44 and the second end module 46 are designed at least to take over the following core functions: drive function, braking function, useful energy supply for electrical consumers. For this purpose, either the first end module 44 and/or the second end module 46 is/are equipped with drive components 50 and an electrical device 51 designed for this purpose (for example a pantograph with further components, switch cabinets, power electronics). These components may also include a traction motor connected to or located within the bogie.

The central module 40 implements the core function “ventilation” by ventilation components 52 corresponding to/in the central module 40, for example game which are provided essentially on a roof area of the central module 40 .

2 cites a shortest vehicle 20, which is designed in a similar way to the longest vehicle 30 and accordingly as a front end. In this shortest vehicle 20, a first end module 45 is designed in such a way that it is supported on a Jakobs bogie 104 and is four times the unit length 5. Furthermore, only one option module designed as a door module 41 is provided. This is according to the present embodiment 2 arranged between the second end module 46 and the middle module 40 . The door module 41 measures twice the unit length 5, but a wide version of the door module 42 with three times the unit length 5 is also conceivable 2 is designed as a front end on one side, which is why the second end module 46 is equipped with a vehicle end device 101 . Correspondingly, core functions are mapped exclusively by end modules 45, 46 (eg drive, electrical supply, etc.) and by central module 40 (eg ventilation function).

3 shows another shortest vehicle 20, but in an embodiment as the shortest middle vehicle 20. The first end module 45 and the second end module 47 are designed to be supported on Jakobs bogies and are designed according to the present embodiment without a drive function. Optionally, a shortest intermediate car can also be provided with a drive function. Preferably, the length of all modules of the shortest vehicle 20 designed as an intermediate car is an even multiple of the unit length 5.

Corresponding to the representation of the shortest vehicle 20 designed as a center car, a longest vehicle designed as a center car can also be used analogously to the embodiment according to FIG 1 be formed (not shown). In this case, instead of the vehicle end device 101 of the second end module 46, a vehicle transition device 100 would be provided.

the 7 , 8th , 11 , 12 , and 13 represent the individual types of modules.

7 and 8th show a first end module 44, 45 and a second end module 46, 47, once configured for a conventional bogie ( 7 ) and as a design for a Jakobs bogie ( 8th ). In particular, the first and second end module 44, 45 and/or the first and second end module 46, 47 can be of essentially the same design, with a mirror-symmetrical arrangement being able to be provided with regard to non-symmetrical interfaces of the end modules.

9 and 10 show conceptual and constructive details of individual modules. 9 makes it clear that each end module 44, 45, 46, 47 can be designed using a vehicle transition device 100 for coupling to another vehicle and for transition to the other vehicle.

If an end module 44, 45, 46, 47 is provided with a vehicle end 101, the corresponding vehicle in the region of this end module forms a vehicle front end or front end of a train. In particular, vehicle gateway devices 100 and vehicle end devices 101 are not considered modules for purposes of the present invention.

10 shows one or more electrical drive components 50 for implementing a drive function, an exemplary electrical device 51 (pantograph) for supplying energy to the vehicle, and a ventilation component 52 representing the core function “ventilation”.

11 represents a middle module 40, according to the embodiment having six times the unit length 5. The middle module is preferably designed with the core function “ventilation” and is correspondingly designed with ventilation components 52.

With the help of the conception and/or construction of the longest vehicle 30, 20 and the shortest vehicle, each with the design variations as a front end or as a middle car, with or without the core function "drive", storage on rails 106 using a Jakobs bogie or using a conventional bogie, The set of vehicles is formed in particular by clear differentiation and assignment of core functions to end modules 44, 45, 46, 47 and to central modules 40, in that a large number of intermediate solutions (intermediate vehicles) can be designed, constructed and manufactured.

In particular, the distribution of the core function in each vehicle of the set of vehicles always remains the same: braking function, storage function, possibly drive function, useful electrical energy supply and corresponding components is/are arranged in one or in both end modules 44, 45, 46, 47. The ventilation function can be implemented either by the middle module 40 or by one/both end modules 44, 45, 46, 47.

In particular, option modules (door module 41, 42, passenger module 43) have no essential components for realizing a core function on. For example, no functionally relevant components of power electronics of an electric traction drive are arranged in an option module. The wording "functionally relevant component" does not include cables for power supply, for example between a pantograph on a first end module 44, 45 and power electronics on/in a second end module 46.

These intermediate solutions represent specific vehicles of the set of vehicles designed, engineered, and manufactured between the extremes of "shortest vehicle 20" and "longest vehicle 30". Non-limiting examples of such specific vehicles 70, 80 are provided using the 4 until 6 listed:

4 shows a first specific vehicle 70 designed as a front end, whereas FIG 5 introduces a second specific vehicle 80 designed as an intermediate car.

The first specific vehicle 70 conceptually has a first end module 45 and a second end module 46, with two door modules 41, a passenger module 43 and a center module 40 being provided between the two end modules 45 and 46. The door modules 41 are narrow and thus extend in the longitudinal direction 2 over twice the unit length 5.

The first end module 45 carries a vehicle transition device 100 and thus forms a usable transition to another vehicle. The first end module 45 and another vehicle (not shown) coupled thereto share a Jakobs bogie 104 for support on rails 106. The second end module 46 carries a vehicle end device 101 and forms a front end therewith.

The first specific vehicle 70 differs from the longest vehicle 30 in that door modules 41 are designed with a double unit length 5 instead of a triple unit length 5, that instead of two option modules (passenger modules 43) there is only one option module designed as a passenger module 43 between the central module 40 and one of the end modules 45, 46 is provided, and that the first end module 45 is designed to be supported on a Jakobs bogie 105.

Regarding the shortest vehicle 20 according to 2 differs according to the first specific vehicle 4 with an additional door module 41 and an additional option module 43.

The second specific vehicle 80 after 5 is designed as a non-driven intermediate car. With regard to the shortest vehicle 20 designed as a middle car, shown in 3 , the second specific vehicle 80 has an additional door module 41 and two additional passenger modules 43 .

6 serves to illustrate the beneficial effect of greatly increased flexibility in the design, construction, and manufacture of vehicles of a set of vehicles of the present disclosure and/or invention. In 6 the second specific vehicle 80 is shown in a side view and with corresponding top views, with possible configurations of the individual modules 45, 41, 43, 40, 47 being indicated.

According to the 6 In the embodiment shown, but not limited thereto, the first end module 45 and the second end module 47 are each equipped with two double seat units 49 .

A first option module can be designed both as a narrow door module 41 and as a passenger module 43, each with twice the unit length 5.

The two option modules that follow are designed as passenger modules 43 , with row seat units 60 or bicycle mounts 55 also being able to be provided instead of double seat units 59 .

That too 11 Central module 40 shown can implement numerous different optional functions. This includes the inclusion of double seat units 59, rows of seat units 60, windows 61, bicycle holders 55, narrow sanitary facilities (toilet) 56, wheelchair-accessible sanitary units (wheelchair toilet) 57, and/or wheelchair spaces 58. In the case of sanitary facilities, windows 61 either not developed or at least covert.

Although specific embodiments of individual vehicles of the set of vehicles have been illustrated and described herein, it is within the scope of the present invention to illustrate corresponding intermediate solutions and/or to modify the embodiments shown as appropriate without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention; for example, a specific vehicle based on the shortest vehicle 20 according to FIG 2 conceived, designed and manufactured using a wide door module 42 with three times the unit length 5 instead of the narrow door module 41 with twice the unit length 5, or with such a not shown, specific, designed as Zugspitze end vehicle without a drive device or drive components 50 is formed. It would also be within the scope of the invention to distribute all core functions to at least one or more of the end modules 44, 45, 46, 47.

Reference List

1

vehicle

2

longitudinal direction

3

transverse direction

4

vertical direction

5

unit length

10

Interface first end module middle module

11

Interface first end module option module

12

Interface second end module middle module

13

Interface second end module option module

14

Interface middle module option module

15

Door module-passenger module interface

20

shortest vehicle

30

longest vehicle

40

center module

41

door module

42

wide door module

43

passenger module

44

First end module (conv.)

45

First end module (Jakob)

46

second end module (conv.)

47

second end module (Jakob)

48

door room

49

window

50

drive component

51

Electrical device (pantograph)

52

Ventilation component (AC)

55

bike mount

56

WC

57

wheelchair toilet

58

wheelchair space

59

double seat unit

60

row seating unit

61

window

62

door

63

door room

70

first specific vehicle

80

second specific vehicle

100

vehicle transition device

101

vehicle end device

102

driver's cabin

103

coupling device

104

Jakob bogie

105

conventional bogie

106

rail

Claims (15)

Method for manufacturing a specific vehicle (70, 80) of a set of vehicles, comprising at least a shortest vehicle (20) with a minimum length and a longest vehicle (30) with a maximum length: - defining the shortest vehicle (20) and the longest vehicle (30), each comprising a first end module (44, 45) and a second end module (46,47), and, each arranged between them, a central module (40) and in particular at least have an option module; - Determining maximum loads of the longest vehicle (40), at least taking into account drive and braking loads, axle loads and crash loads; - Specification of all essential technical data of the first end module (44, 45), the second end module (46, 47), the middle module (50) and in particular the option module, - Defining requirements of the specific vehicle (70, 80) at least with regard to overall length, number of seats and number of doors, in particular with regard to training as a middle car or as an end car; - Defining the number and design of one or more optional modules to be provided in order to achieve the requirements; - designing the specific vehicle (70, 80) by combining a first end module (44, 45), with a second end module (46, 47), with a middle module (50) and with at least one option module; - Craft the specific vehicle (70, 80). procedure after claim 1 , wherein each first end module (45, 45), each second end module (46, 47), each middle module (50) and each option module has a length in multiples of a constant unit length (5). procedure after claim 2 , wherein the unit length (5) is between 800 mm and 1000 mm, in particular 830 mm and 950 mm, preferably 900 mm. procedure after claim 2 or 3 , wherein a respective length of all end modules (44, 45, 46, 47) and the central module (50) is an even multiple of the unit length. Procedure according to one of claims 2 until 4 , wherein the central module (50) is at least twice, in particular at least four times, and/or at most ten times, in particular at most eight times, in particular exactly six times the unit length (5). Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the step of: defining - an interface (10) between a first end module (44, 45) and a middle module (40), - an interface (11) between a first end module (44, 45) and an option module, - an interface (12) between a second end module (46, 47) and a middle module (40), - an interface (13) between a second end module (46, 47) and an option module, - An interface (14) between a central module (40) and an option module, and - an interface (15) between an option module designed as a door module (41, 42) and another option module designed as a passenger module (43), such that a functional transition between modules can be displayed or displayed independently of their design. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the step of determining all essential technical data of the first end module (44, 45), the second end module (46, 47), the middle module (40) and the option module comprises: - Provision of core components for providing core functions in the first end module (44, 45), in the second end module (46, 47) and/or in the middle module (40), in particular with no core components for providing core functions in the at least one option module be provided. procedure after claim 7 , wherein the step of determining all essential technical data of the first end module (44, 45), the second end module (46, 47), the middle module (40) and the option module has: - complete provision of drive components in the first end module or in the second end module. procedure after claim 7 or 8th , wherein the step of determining all essential technical data of the first end module (44, 45), the second end module (46, 47), the middle module (40) and the option module has: - Designing the first end module (44, 45) and/ or the second end module (46, 47) for storing and receiving a Jakobs bogie (104) or a conventional bogie (105). Procedure according to one of Claims 7 until 9 , wherein the step of determining all essential technical data of the first end module (44, 45), the second end module (46, 47), the middle module (40) and the option module has: - designing a first option module as a door module (41, 42) , wherein a length of the door module (41, 42) is twice or three times the unit length (5). Procedure according to one of Claims 7 until 10 , wherein the step of determining all essential technical data of the first end module (44, 45), the second end module (46, 47), the middle module (40) and the option module has: - Provision of option components for providing optional functions one in the other Option module, in particular designing a further option module as a passenger module (43). A specific vehicle (70, 80) of a set of vehicles producible or produced using the method of any one of the preceding claims. Specific vehicle claim 12 , having a first end module (44, 45), second end module (46, 47), a middle module (40), a first option module designed as a door module (41, 42), and a second option module designed as a door module (41, 42). , and in particular a third option module designed as a passenger module (43). Specific vehicle Claim 13 wherein only one of the end modules (44, 45, 46, 47) is completely formed with drive components (50) for driving the specific vehicle (70), in particular wherein the other end module has no drive components. Set of vehicles for representing a specific vehicle, the vehicle being at least one of the set of vehicles, and the set of vehicles being at least a shortest vehicle (20) with a minimum length, a longest vehicle (3) with a maximum length, and a specific vehicle (70, 80) according to any one of Claims 12 until 14 having.

Images