DE102020123021A1 - Internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine (2) for a motor vehicle, having a cylinder housing (1) which has at least two cylinders (3) partially delimiting the respective combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine (2), with an exhaust manifold (6 ), in which exhaust gas from the combustion chambers is to be collected, and having a cooling jacket (8) through which a coolant can flow for cooling the internal combustion engine (2).

Description

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

the EP 2 322 785 B1 discloses an internal combustion engine which has a cooling circuit which is divided into a coolant area on the cylinder block side and a coolant area on the cylinder head side. the DE 11 2014 000 931 T5 a cooling device for a multi-cylinder engine can be seen as known. In addition, the JP 6055322 B2 a cooling structure for an internal combustion engine.

The object of the present invention is to create an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, so that a particularly advantageous cooling of the internal combustion engine can be implemented.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by an internal combustion engine having the features of patent claim 1 . Advantageous configurations of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine, also referred to as an internal combustion engine, for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle that is preferably designed as a passenger vehicle. This means that the motor vehicle, which preferably belongs to the invention, has the internal combustion engine in its fully manufactured state and can be driven by the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine has a cylinder housing, which is also referred to as an engine block or cylinder block. The cylinder housing has at least two cylinders that partially form or delimit the respective combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine. In other words, the cylinder housing forms or delimits at least two cylinders, which in turn partially form or delimit respective combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine. This means that a first of the cylinders partially forms or delimits a first of the combustion chambers, with the second cylinder partially forming or delimiting the second combustion chamber. For example, in the fully manufactured state of the internal combustion engine, a piston is accommodated in the respective cylinder, in particular in a translatory, movable manner, so that the respective piston partially, in particular directly, delimits or forms the respective combustion chamber. In addition, the internal combustion engine, for example in its fully manufactured state, has an output shaft designed in particular as a crankshaft, via which the internal combustion engine can provide torque for driving the motor vehicle. The respective piston is connected in an articulated manner to the output shaft via a respective connecting rod, so that the translational movements of the respective piston in the respective cylinder are converted or can be converted into a rotational movement of the output shaft. The output shaft is rotatably mounted on the cylinder housing, for example.

The internal combustion engine also includes an exhaust gas manifold, which is formed separately from the cylinder housing and, in particular, is at least indirectly connected to the cylinder housing, which is also simply referred to as a manifold. Exhaust gas from the combustion chambers can be collected in the exhaust manifold. In other words, during fired operation of the internal combustion engine, combustion processes take place in the respective combustion chamber. In the respective combustion process, a respective fuel-air mixture, also referred to as a mixture, is burned, resulting in the aforementioned exhaust gas. The exhaust gas can flow out of the respective combustion chamber and into the manifold, in particular in such a way that the exhaust gas from the combustion chambers is collected in the exhaust manifold. The exhaust gas can flow through the exhaust manifold and subsequently flow through an exhaust system which, for example, has an exhaust gas aftertreatment device for aftertreatment of the exhaust gas. The feature that the exhaust gas from the combustion chambers is to be collected in the exhaust manifold can thus be understood in particular to mean that the combustion chambers or the exhaust gas from the combustion chambers are brought together in the exhaust manifold. To put it another way, the exhaust manifold has a receiving or collecting area that is common to the combustion chambers and is delimited, in particular directly, by the exhaust manifold. The exhaust gas from the combustion chambers can be introduced or flow into the collection area, in particular via respective outlet ducts, so that the combustion chambers, for example, open into the collection area, in particular via the outlet ducts.

The internal combustion engine also has a cooling jacket, through which a coolant can flow, for cooling the internal combustion engine. This means that the internal combustion engine can be cooled by means of the cooling jacket and in particular by means of the coolant flowing through the cooling jacket. Preferably the coolant is a liquid. The liquid can contain at least water, so that the cooling jacket is also referred to as a water jacket. In particular, the internal combustion engine can be cooled by heat transfer from the internal combustion engine, ie from the cylinder housing and from the exhaust manifold, to the coolant flowing through the cooling jacket. In order to be able to cool the internal combustion engine particularly advantageously, it is provided according to the invention that the cooling jacket, in particular, has at least one inlet, via which the coolant, in particular from outside the internal combustion engine or from outside the cylinder housing and the exhaust manifold, can be introduced into the cooling jacket. The inlet is or comprises, for example, an inlet opening and/or an inlet channel, through which the coolant coming in particular from outside the internal combustion engine can flow, whereby the coolant can be introduced into the internal combustion engine or into the cooling jacket, in particular from outside the internal combustion engine. In its fully manufactured state, the motor vehicle can have a cooling circuit through which the coolant can flow, it being possible for the cooling jacket and thus the inlet to be arranged in the circuit. For example, at least one pump is arranged in the circuit, by means of which the coolant can be conveyed through the cooling circuit and thus through the cooling jacket.

The cooling jacket also has at least one passage spaced apart from the inlet and provided in addition to the inlet, the function of which will be explained in more detail below. For example, the passage is or includes a transfer channel and/or a transfer opening through which at least a partial amount of the coolant can flow, as will be explained in more detail below.

The cooling jacket also has a first cooling jacket part which extends in the cylinder housing, that is to say runs in the cylinder housing and is, for example, in particular directly, delimited by the cylinder housing. The first part of the cooling jacket can be supplied with a first part of the coolant flowing through the inlet and, as a result, the first part of the coolant can flow through it. In other words, for example during operation of the internal combustion engine, the first portion of the coolant flowing through the inlet is introduced into the first cooling jacket part, whereupon the first cooling jacket part has the first part of the coolant flowing through it. The first cooling jacket part runs at least partially around the respective cylinder in the circumferential direction of the respective cylinder, as a result of which the cylinder or a cylinder wall of the crankcase that delimits the respective cylinder, in particular directly, can be cooled particularly advantageously. The cylinder wall, also referred to as the cylinder wall, is, for example, a cylinder tube or is also referred to as a cylinder tube, which delimits the respective cylinder, in particular directly. The first cooling jacket part thus extends in the circumferential direction of the respective cylinder tube at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, around the respective cylinder tube. As a result, the respective cylinder tube can be cooled particularly effectively and efficiently.

The cooling jacket also has a second cooling jacket part which extends in the exhaust manifold, ie runs in the exhaust manifold and is at least partially separate from the first cooling jacket part, in particular locally and fluidically. In particular, the cooling jacket parts are at least predominantly, ie more than half, separated from one another. The separation of the cooling jacket parts is to be understood in particular as meaning that there is at least one separating device between the cooling jacket parts, so that, for example in an area in which the cooling jacket parts are separated from one another, the coolant flowing through the first cooling jacket part is not mixed with the coolant flowing through the second cooling jacket part . The second cooling jacket part is divided into a first, upper partial area, a second, lower partial area and a merging area. The first partial area is an upper partial area in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine, while the second partial area is a lower partial area in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine. This is to be understood in particular as meaning that the first partial area is arranged above, i.e. higher or further up than the lower partial area in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine, so that the lower partial area is arranged below or further below or lower than the upper partial area in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine . The respective cylinder has, for example, a longitudinal extent or direction of longitudinal extent, which can coincide, for example, with a cylinder axis of the respective cylinder, also referred to as the central cylinder axis. For example, the respective cylinder is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the cylinder axis. Furthermore, for example, the respective piston in the respective cylinder can be moved translationally along a direction of movement relative to the cylinder housing, with the direction of movement coinciding with the direction of longitudinal extent or with the cylinder axis. In this case, for example, the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine runs parallel to the direction of longitudinal extension or parallel to the direction of movement. In particular, falls in protrudes the internal combustion engine with the longitudinal direction of the respective cylinder or with the direction of movement of the respective piston. The first, upper partial area of the second cooling jacket part can be supplied with a second part of the coolant flowing through the inlet, which surrounds the cylinders or all of the cylinders of the cylinder housing, and can therefore be flowed through by the second part. This means in particular that the second part, in particular after the coolant or the second part has flowed through the inlet, flows into the upper partial area and then flows through the upper partial area without cooling the cylinders of the cylinder housing, i.e. without moving in the circumferential direction of the respective cylinder to flow through longitudinal regions of the first cooling jacket part that run at least partially around the respective cylinder. To put it another way, the second part of the coolant is supplied to the upper partial area or introduced into the upper partial area without the second part flowing around the respective cylinder in the circumferential direction of the respective cylinder. Since the cylinders or cylinder tubes are not cooled by the second part of the coolant, the second part of the coolant has a particularly low temperature when it flows into the upper part, so that the exhaust manifold can be cooled particularly effectively and efficiently in the upper part.

The lower sub-area is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly, separated from the upper sub-area and is arranged further down or lower than the upper sub-area in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine. The second, lower partial area of the second cooling jacket part can be supplied with the first part via the aforementioned passage after it has flowed through the first cooling jacket part. In other words, during the aforementioned operation of the internal combustion engine, the coolant flows through the cooling circuit or through the cooling jacket in such a way that the coolant first flows through the inlet and thus flows into the cooling jacket via the inlet. The coolant flowing through the inlet is divided into the aforesaid first part and the aforesaid second part of the coolant by means of the cooling jacket. Thus, for example, the first part of the coolant is a first partial flow or a first volume flow of the coolant, and the second part of the coolant is a second partial flow or a second volume flow of the coolant. For example, the parts of the coolant make up the total coolant flowing through the inlet. In other words, the parts or the partial flows or volume flows form or result in the entire coolant flowing through the inlet, ie a total flow flowing through the inlet or a total volume flow of the coolant flowing through the inlet. The coolant flowing through the inlet or the total flow of coolant flowing through the inlet is thus divided into the first part and the second part, in particular in such a way that the first part is branched off from the second part or vice versa. For example, the inlet is arranged on or in the cylinder housing. The first part flows through the first cooling jacket part and thus around the cylinders or around the cylinder tubes, as a result of which the cylinders or the cylinder tubes are cooled effectively and efficiently. The second portion flows from the inlet into the second cooling jacket portion and thereby into the top portion and through the top portion. After the first part has flowed through the first cooling jacket part and has thus flowed around the cylinders, the first part flows through the passage and thus via the passage into the second, lower partial area of the second cooling jacket part. Thus, while the upper portion is supplied with the second portion of the coolant bypassing the cylinders, the lower portion is supplied with the first portion of the coolant flowing around the cylinders. The merging area is arranged between the upper section and the lower section in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine. This means in particular that the merging area is arranged above or further up than the lower sub-area and below or further below or lower than the upper sub-area in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine. The first part and the second part of the coolant can be brought together in the merging area. In other words, after the first part of the coolant flows through the first cooling jacket part and then the passage and then the lower section, the first part flows from the lower section into the merging section. After the second part of the coolant has flowed through the upper section bypassing the cylinders, the second part flows from the upper section into the merging area, whereby the first part and the second part are brought together in the merging area, in particular mixed with one another. The merging area is thus also referred to as a mixing area, for example, since the first part of the coolant from the lower partial area and the second part of the coolant from the upper partial area are mixed or mixed with one another in the merging area. The first part and the second part of the coolant form, for example, in that they are in the Merging area are mixed together, a mixed amount or a mixed flow of the coolant, for example, the mixed flow corresponds to the total flow or the total volume flow. The cooling jacket also has an outlet through which the first part and the second part from the merging area can flow, i.e. the mixed flow, via which the first part and the second part or the mixed flow can be discharged from the exhaust manifold and in particular from the internal combustion engine as a whole respectively is. In other words, after the first part and the second part have been mixed in the merging area and have flowed through the merging area, the first part and the second part or the mixed flow formed by the first part and the second part flow through to and through the outlet, whereby the first part and the second part or the coolant, which was previously introduced into the cooling jacket via the inlet, are discharged or discharged from the exhaust manifold and in particular from the cooling jacket. Overall, it can be seen that the upper partial area forms a first branch of the cooling jacket or is arranged in a first branch of the cooling jacket, with the first cooling jacket part and the passage and the lower partial area forming a second branch of the cooling jacket or being arranged in a second branch of the cooling jacket . In terms of flow, the branches are connected or arranged parallel to one another. In this case, the lower partial area is arranged downstream of the first cooling jacket part in the direction of flow of the coolant flowing through the second branch. The merging area and the outlet form, for example, a third branch or are arranged in a third branch of the cooling jacket. In the flow direction of the coolant flowing through the first branch and in the flow direction of the coolant flowing through the second branch, the third branch is arranged downstream of the first branch and downstream of the second branch, since the third branch is connected to both the coolant from the first branch and the coolant from the second branch can be supplied and can subsequently be flowed through. This arrangement or interconnection of the branches can ensure effective and efficient cooling of the internal combustion engine.

The invention is therefore based in particular on the following considerations and findings: In modern internal combustion engines, corresponding cooling ducts are provided for cooling at least one engine block of the respective internal combustion engine. A circuit designed as a water circuit, for example, in which the cooling channels are arranged, cools components or areas of the respective internal combustion engine, in particular by means of a cooling fluid flowing through the circuit, and dissipates heat from critical areas. As a result, light cast materials such as aluminum can be used despite high temperatures in order to produce the respective internal combustion engine or its engine block, in particular the cylinder housing and/or the exhaust manifold, from the respective cast material such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Areas in which high temperatures can occur, particularly during fired operation, include the cylinders or cylinder tubes, the cylinder housing designed, for example, as a crankcase or cylinder crankcase, and spark plugs, by means of which the respective mixture is ignited, for example. Since these components or areas are located at different locations and can be spaced apart from one another, the circuit is usually very complex. Normally, care must be taken to ensure that a sufficient quantity of sufficiently cool cooling fluid is available at all points. A circuit that is as homogeneous as possible is advantageous for this. In conventional solutions, this is implemented by appropriate channels and chokes or chokes. However, there is no simultaneous cooling circuit, but a cascaded process.

Disadvantages of conventional solutions are, in particular, that a homogeneous circuit cannot be implemented or can only be implemented with great effort, corresponding throttles have to be installed as additional components, the cooling fluid or coolant can reach an excessive temperature and excessive material wear is possible.

• - keine Drosseln zur Regulierung des Kühlmittels notwendig
• - zumindest im Wesentlichen homogene Strömung des Kühlmittels
• - bessere Kühlung im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Lösungen
• - weniger Verschleiß im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Lösungen.

The disadvantages mentioned above can now be avoided by the invention. In particular, the invention enables the realization of an advantageous cooling concept, through which an at least essentially homogeneous circuit of the coolant can be realized without using additional components such as throttles, ie without using additional components such as throttles to regulate the coolant. For this purpose, the cooling jacket is divided into the first cooling jacket part and the second cooling jacket part, with the second cooling jacket part being additionally divided or subdivided into the upper partial area, the lower partial area and the merging area. The parts or partial flow of the coolant separate at the beginning, that is to say at least for example essentially immediately after they have flowed through the inlet together, in particular in such a way that the first part flows through the first cooling jacket part and the second part flows through the upper section. Due to this division of the parts of the coolant, the cool second part, ie the second part having a particularly low temperature, flows at least essentially directly into the upper partial area and through the upper partial area, as a result of which the manifold can be cooled particularly effectively and efficiently. The first part, which has initially cooled the cylinders, is then, for example, routed transversely through the cylinder housing, that is to say transversely to the vertical direction through the cylinder housing, and then, for example, routed into the lower section. In other words, the first part, after having cooled the cylinders, is directed into the lower section of the second cooling jacket part and thus the manifold and flows through the lower section. Due to the fact that the coolant flows through the first branch and the second branch in parallel or simultaneously, i.e. due to the fact that the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel to one another in terms of flow, a first machine region is created, for example, by means of the first branch and a first machine region by means of the second branch second machine area of the internal combustion engine is cooled by means of the coolant, the machine areas being connected in parallel to one another in terms of flow due to the parallel connection of the first branch and the second branch and are therefore cooled in parallel and not one after the other. As a result, excessive temperatures of the parts of the coolant can be avoided, so that overheating of the parts or the partial flows can be avoided. Thereby, the generation of bubbles can be avoided, and an excessive wearing effect of material constituting the internal combustion engine can be avoided. In addition, fewer dead water areas can be realized by the invention compared to conventional solutions, and throttling and separate components provided for this purpose can be dispensed with. As a result, a particularly or at least essentially homogeneous flow of the coolant through the cooling jacket can be implemented. In addition, waste heat that is transported away from the internal combustion engine by means of the coolant can be distributed particularly advantageously. In particular, the invention enables the following advantages to be achieved:

• - no throttles needed to regulate the coolant
• - At least substantially homogeneous flow of the coolant
• - better cooling compared to traditional solutions
• - Less wear compared to conventional solutions.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cooling jacket has at least one passage channel spaced apart from the passage and provided in addition to the passage and through which the second part can flow, via which the upper partial area can be supplied with the second part of the coolant. This means that the second part, after it has flowed through the inlet, in particular together with the first part, flows through the through-channel in particular immediately after the inlet and is thus conducted via the through-channel to and into the upper partial area. In this way, the upper partial area can be supplied with the coolant, in particular the second part, in a targeted and advantageous manner.

In order to be able to achieve a particularly advantageous cooling of the internal combustion engine, it has proven to be advantageous if a wall of the exhaust manifold has at least one longitudinal region of the passage channel on a first side of the wall and a particularly elongated receptacle on a second side of the wall facing away from the first side for a gas exchange valve of the internal combustion engine designed, for example, as an exhaust valve. Thus, for example, the gas exchange valve is arranged in the receptacle so that it can move, in particular in a translatory manner. The wall is thus, for example, a valve bridge, in particular an outlet valve bridge, which can be cooled effectively and efficiently by means of the second part of the coolant flowing through the passage.

A further embodiment is characterized in that the second cooling jacket part partially delimits a third partial area for cooling at least one of the combustion chambers, which is arranged below the second partial area in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine, i.e. lower or further down than the second partial area and through which the first part can flow Has combustion chamber roof. The third partial area is thus preferably arranged in the second branch, so that the combustion chamber roof can be cooled effectively and efficiently by means of the first part of the coolant flowing through the second branch.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the third sub-area is arranged downstream of the first cooling jacket part and upstream of the lower sub-area in the flow direction of the coolant flowing from the first cooling jacket part to the lower sub-area, i.e. in the flow direction of the coolant flowing through the second branch. As a result, the lower sub-area is above the third sub-area with the first part can be supplied from the first cooling jacket part. As a result, a particularly advantageous temperature distribution can be realized, so that effective and efficient cooling of the internal combustion engine can be achieved.

In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first cooling jacket part has a first region which runs at least partially around the respective cylinder on a respective inlet side of the respective cylinder in the circumferential direction of the respective cylinder. In addition, the first cooling jacket part has a respective, second region, which runs at least partially around the respective cylinder on a respective outlet side of the respective cylinder opposite the respective inlet side in the circumferential direction of the respective cylinder. As a result, the respective cylinder can be cooled effectively and efficiently both on its intake side and on its exhaust side. The intake side is to be understood in particular as a side on which at least fresh air is introduced into the cylinder and thus into the combustion chamber to form the mixture. The outlet side is understood to mean a side on which the exhaust gas is discharged from the combustion chamber and thus from the respective cylinder.

In order to be able to cool the cylinders and thus the internal combustion engine particularly effectively and efficiently, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the respective second area is arranged upstream of the respective first area in the direction of flow of the coolant flowing through the first cooling jacket part. It is conceivable here for the first areas to be connected in parallel with one another in terms of flow, it being possible for the second areas to be connected in parallel with one another in terms of flow as an alternative or in addition.

In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first cooling jacket part has an intermediate cooling region which runs through a web of the cylinder housing which is arranged between the directly adjacent cylinders and separates the adjacent cylinders from one another and is also referred to as the cylinder web. As a result, the web arranged between the cylinders can be cooled effectively and efficiently. The feature that the cylinders are directly adjacent to one another is to be understood in particular to mean that no other, further and a further combustion chamber partially delimiting cylinder of the cylinder housing is arranged between the cylinders.

In order to be able to achieve a particularly advantageous temperature distribution and thus particularly advantageous cooling of the internal combustion engine, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the intermediate cooling area is arranged downstream of the respective second area and upstream of the respective first area in the direction of flow of the coolant flowing through the first cooling jacket part .

Finally, it has been shown to be particularly advantageous if the exhaust manifold is designed in one piece with a cylinder head which is separate from the cylinder housing and connected to the cylinder housing and which has or forms combustion chamber roofs that partially delimit the respective combustion chambers and thus the aforementioned combustion chamber roof. The exhaust manifold is thus preferably designed as a cylinder head integrated manifold (ZIK), with a particularly advantageous cooling being able to be represented by the invention.

The invention also includes a method for operating an internal combustion engine according to the invention. The invention also includes a motor vehicle, preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car, which has an internal combustion engine according to the invention and can be driven by means of the internal combustion engine, in particular by an internal combustion engine.

Further features of the invention result from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description and the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and/or shown alone in the figures can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own.

• 1 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Draufsicht eines Zylindergehäuses einer erfindungsgemäßen, als Hubkolbenmaschine ausgebildeten Verbrennungskraftmaschine für ein Kraftfahrzeug;
• 2 eine schematische Seitenansicht der Verbrennungskraftmaschine;
• 3 ausschnittsweise eine schematische und geschnittene Unteransicht eines Abgaskrümmers der Verbrennungskraftmaschine;
• 4 ausschnittsweise eine schematische geschnittene Seitenansicht des Abgaskrümmers;
• 5 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Vorderansicht eines Kühlmantels der Verbrennungskraftmaschine;
• 6 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Rückansicht des Kühlmantels; und
• 7 ausschnittsweise eine schematische und geschnittene Perspektivansicht des Kühlmantels.

Further details of the invention result from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment with the associated drawings. It shows:

• 1 a detail of a schematic top view of a cylinder housing of an internal combustion engine according to the invention designed as a reciprocating piston engine for a motor vehicle;
• 2 a schematic side view of the internal combustion engine;
• 3 a detail of a schematic and sectional bottom view of an exhaust manifold of the internal combustion engine;
• 4 a detail of a schematic sectional side view of the exhaust manifold;
• 5 a detail of a schematic front view of a cooling jacket of the internal combustion engine;
• 6 a partial schematic rear view of the cooling jacket; and
• 7 a fragmentary schematic and sectional perspective view of the cooling jacket.

Elements that are the same or have the same function are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.

1 shows a detail of a schematic plan view of a cylinder housing 1 of an in 2 Internal combustion engine 2 for a motor vehicle shown in a schematic side view and configured as a reciprocating engine or reciprocating engine and also referred to as an internal combustion engine. This means that the internal combustion engine 2 has the cylinder housing 1 . The cylinder housing 1 comprises, forms or delimits a plurality of cylinders 3 which partially delimit the respective combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine 2 . A respective piston 4 is arranged in a translatory manner in the respective cylinder 3 , so that the respective piston 4 can be moved in a translatory manner along a respective direction of movement relative to the cylinder housing 1 . The respective directions of movement run parallel to each other and parallel to an in 1 by an arrow 5 illustrated vertical direction of the internal combustion engine 2. As in conjunction with 3 and 4 As can be seen, the internal combustion engine 2 also has an exhaust manifold 6 which is formed separately from the cylinder housing 1 and is formed in one piece with a cylinder head 7 of the internal combustion engine 2 . The respective combustion chamber is delimited partly by the respective cylinder 3, partly by the respective piston 4 accommodated in the respective cylinder 3 in a translationally movable manner and partly by a respective combustion chamber roof, which cannot be seen in the figures, with the combustion chamber roofs being formed by the cylinder head 7. In particular, the respective combustion chamber roof delimits the respective combustion chamber along the respective direction of movement of the respective piston 4 and in particular upwards in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine 2 . In particular, is off 1 a sealing surface 41 of the cylinder housing 1 can be seen. The sealing surface 41 extends, for example, at least predominantly, in particular completely, in a plane which runs perpendicular to the direction of movement of the respective piston 4 . In this case, for example, in the completely manufactured branch of the internal combustion engine 2, the cylinder head 7 is supported, in particular along the respective direction of movement, by means of a seal designed in particular as a cylinder head gasket on the sealing surface 41, so that the seal can be pressed in particular along the respective direction of movement and/or directly on the sealing surface 41 is supported. The cylinder head 7 is sealed off from the cylinder housing 1 by means of the seal.

The respective piston 4 is coupled via a respective connecting rod in an articulated manner to an output shaft of the internal combustion engine, preferably in the form of a crankshaft, so that the translatory movements of the respective piston 4 are converted into a rotary movement of the output shaft. The internal combustion engine can provide torque for driving the motor vehicle via the output shaft.

Exhaust gas, which is produced in the combustion chambers during fired operation of the internal combustion engine 2, can flow out of the combustion chambers, in particular via respective outlet ducts, and flow into the exhaust manifold 6, which is common to the combustion chambers and is also simply referred to as the manifold, and can be collected in the exhaust manifold 6. The internal combustion engine 2 also has a cooling jacket 8 through which a coolant can flow for cooling the internal combustion engine 2 . The cooling jacket 8 is particularly in the 5 until 7 shown.

In order to be able to achieve a particularly advantageous cooling of the internal combustion engine 2, the cooling jacket 8 has an inlet 9, also referred to as an inflow, through which the coolant, in particular a total flow of the coolant, can flow, as shown in FIG 2 is illustrated by an arrow 10. The preferably liquid and/or at least water-comprising coolant is introduced into the cooling jacket 8 via the inlet 9 . The cooling jacket 8 also has, in particular for each cylinder 3, at least or precisely one passage 11 which is spaced apart from the inlet 9 and is provided in addition to the inlet 9 and which, for example, penetrates the cylinder head gasket or the gasket. Furthermore, the cooling jacket 8 has a first cooling jacket part 12 which extends, in particular completely, in the cylinder housing 1 and which can be supplied with a first part, i.e. with a first partial flow, of the coolant flowing through the inlet 9 or the total flow flowing through the inlet 9 and thereby through which the first part or the first partial flow can flow, as in 2 illustrated by arrow 10 and by an arrow 13. How particularly good looking 1 As can be seen, the first cooling jacket part 12 runs in the circumferential direction of the respective cylinder 3 at least partially, in particular at least predominantly and thus at least more than half and very preferably completely around the respective cylinder 4, whereby the respective cylinder 3 or a respective, the Each cylinder 3 directly delimiting cylinder tube 14 of the cylinder housing 1 can be cooled on the outer circumference directly by means of the first part and thus by means of the coolant.

The cooling jacket 8 also includes a second cooling jacket part 15 which in particular extends completely in the exhaust manifold 6 and which is arranged in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine 2, in particular completely above, i.e. further up than the cooling jacket part 12 . The second cooling jacket part 15 is subdivided or subdivided into a first, upper partial area 16, a second, lower partial area 17, a merging area 18 and a third partial area 19, with the partial areas 16, 17 and 19 and the merging area 18 in particular in pairs at least are partially, in particular at least predominantly, fluidically separated from one another. The upper partial area 16 is in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine 2, in particular completely, above the lower partial area 17, i.e. further up than the partial area 17, so that - viewed conversely - the lower partial area 17, in particular completely, in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine 2 below , that is, lower or further down than the upper portion 16 is arranged.

In 2 is illustrated by arrows 20 and 21 that the upper partial region 16 in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine 2 can be supplied with a second part of the coolant flowing through the inlet 9 or the total flow flowing through the inlet 9, bypassing all cylinders 3 or all cylinder tubes 14 of the cylinder housing 1, and thereby can be flowed through by the second part. The second part is also referred to as the second partial flow. The arrows 10, 13, 20 and 21 show in particular that the coolant flowing through the inlet 9 as a whole, i.e. the total flow of the coolant flowing through the inlet 9, in the first part illustrated by the arrows 10 and 13, i.e. in the first Partial flow and illustrated by the arrows 20 and 21 in the second part, that is divided into the second partial flow, in particular such that the first partial flow and the second partial flow result in the total flow. The first partial flow flows through the first cooling jacket part 12 and around the cylinders 3 in their respective circumferential direction, with the second partial flow flowing to, into and through the upper partial area 16, thereby bypassing all cylinders 3 and all cylinder tubes 14. This means that the second partial flow does not flow through the length regions of the first cooling jacket part 12 running at least partially around the cylinders 3 along their respective circumferential direction. In particular, the second partial flow bypasses the first cooling jacket part 12. Thus, for example, the second partial flow, coming from the inlet 9, flows to and into the upper partial region 16 without flowing into the cooling jacket part 12 and without flowing through the cooling jacket part 12, the first partial flow of the inlet 9 coming into and through the cooling jacket part 12 flows. Thus, for example, the second partial flow is branched off from the first partial flow before the second partial flow flows into cooling jacket part 12 .

The at least partially, in particular at least predominantly, separate from the first, upper partial area 16 and in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine 2 is lower partial area 17, as in 2 illustrated by an arrow 22, via the passage 11 with the first part, ie with the first partial flow after its or their flows through the first cooling jacket part 12. In other words, after the first partial flow has flowed through the cooling jacket part 12 and has thus flowed around the cylinders 3, the first partial flow flows - as illustrated by the arrow 22 - through the passage 11 and thus through the cylinder head gasket, whereby the first partial flow of flows through the cooling jacket part 12 via the passage 11 into the lower partial area 17 of the cooling jacket part 15 . The merging area 18 arranged in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine 2 between the upper partial area 16 and the lower partial area 17 is therefore arranged in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine, in particular completely, further down than the partial area 16 and further up than the partial area 17 and is connected to the first part or the first partial flow from the lower partial area 17 and in the second part or the second partial flow from the upper partial area 16, in particular in such a way that the first partial flow and the second partial flow are mixed or mixed with one another in the merging area 18. As a result, for example, the partial flows supplied in the merging area 18 form an overall flow which corresponds, for example, to the overall flow flowing through the inlet 9 .

The cooling jacket 8 has at least or exactly one of the first and second part of the merging area 18 and thus outlet 23 through which the total flow from the merging region 18 can flow, via which the first and the second part or the total flow can be or is discharged from the exhaust manifold 6, in particular from the cooling jacket 8 (water jacket) as a whole and very particularly from the internal combustion engine 2 as a whole . For example, a first line part, designed separately from the cylinder housing 1 and separately from the exhaust manifold 6 , is connected to the inlet 9 , through which the overall flow can flow and is fluidically connected to the inlet 9 . Thus, the total flow flowing through the first line element can flow out of the first line element and into the inlet 9 and via the inlet 9 into the cooling jacket 8 . Alternatively or additionally, for example, a second line element, which is formed separately from the cylinder housing 1 and separately from the cylinder head, is connected to the outlet 23 , through which the overall flow can flow and which is fluidically connected to the outlet 23 . As a result, the total flow can flow through the outlet 23 and flow from the outlet 23 into the second line element and thus flow out of the cooling jacket 8 . The outlet 23 is preferably arranged in or on the exhaust manifold 6 . Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the inlet 9 and the outlet 23 are arranged on opposite sides S1 and S2 of the internal combustion engine 2 .

The cooling jacket 8 has, in particular for each cylinder 3, at least or exactly one transition spaced apart from the inlet 9 and the passage 11 and provided in addition to the inlet 9 and in addition to the passage 11 and through which the second partial flow can flow and also referred to as a transition opening 24, which, for example, penetrates the seal (cylinder head gasket). Before it flows into the cooling jacket part 12 and flows through the cooling jacket part 12, the second partial flow can be branched off and subsequently flow through the transition 24 and thus flow via the transition 24 to and into the upper partial region 16 without flowing through the cooling jacket part 12 and thus without flowing around the cylinders 3. Furthermore, the cooling jacket 8, in particular for each cylinder 3, has at least or precisely one passage duct 25 which is spaced apart from the passage 11 and the inlet 9 and is provided in addition to the passage 11 and the inlet 9 and through which the second partial flow can flow, which passage channel 25 can be used, for example is fluidly connected to the transition 24. In particular, the passage channel 25 is arranged downstream of the transition 24 and in particular upstream of the partial area 16 in the flow direction of the coolant flowing from the inlet 9 to and into the partial area 16 (second partial flow). As in synopsis with 4 As can be seen, the exhaust manifold 6 has at least one wall 26, which on a first side S3 of the wall 26 has at least a longitudinal region of the through-duct 25 and on a second side S4 of the wall 26 facing away from the first side S3 a receptacle 27 for, for example, a Outlet valve trained gas exchange valve of the internal combustion engine 2 each limited directly. The wall 26 is thus a web also referred to as a valve web, which is also referred to as an outlet valve web because it directly delimits the receptacle 27 for the outlet valve. The valve bridge can be cooled effectively and efficiently by means of the second partial flow flowing through the through-channel 25 or by means of the coolant forming the second partial flow. The side S1 of the internal combustion engine 2, in particular of the cylinder housing 1, is also referred to as the hot side, with the side S2 also being referred to as the cold side, for example. On its way through the cooling jacket part 12 or through the cooling jacket 8 as a whole, the coolant flows, for example, from the hot side to the cold side, on which there is a lower temperature, for example during operation of the internal combustion engine 2, particularly on average or on average, than on the hot side Side. As a result, effective and efficient cooling of the internal combustion engine 2 can be ensured.

The third partial area 19 is, in particular completely, arranged below the internal combustion engine 2 in the vertical direction, ie further below than the lower partial area 17 and can be supplied with the first partial flow flowing through the cooling jacket part 12 . This means that the first partial flow first flows through the cooling jacket part 12 and then through the passage 11 on its way from the inlet 9 to the outlet 23 . The first partial flow then flows into and through the partial area 19 and then into and through the partial area 17. The second partial flow then flows into the merging area 18 and from there, in particular together with the first partial flow, into and through the outlet 23. By means of the partial area 19, in particular by means of the coolant flowing through the partial area 19, at least one of the combustion chamber roofs or all combustion chamber roofs can be cooled effectively and efficiently.

the end 2 It is particularly easy to see that the cooling jacket part 12, the passage 11, the third partial area 19 and the lower partial area 17 form a first branch of the cooling jacket 8 through which the first partial flow can flow. The transition 24, the passage channel 25 and the upper portion 16 form one of the second partial flow through flowable second branch of the cooling jacket 8, wherein the first branch and the second branch are fluidically arranged or connected parallel to each other. This means in particular that the coolant does not flow first through the first branch and then through the second branch or not first through the second branch and then through the first branch, but rather the coolant or the partial flows flow or flow simultaneously or together and thus parallel through the first branch and through the second branch. The merging area 18 forms, for example, a third branch of the cooling jacket 8 through which the coolant can flow, the third branch of which also includes the outlet 23 , for example. In terms of flow, the third branch is arranged in series or in series with the first branch and in series or in series with the second branch, so that the third branch is arranged downstream of the first branch and downstream of the second branch in the flow direction of the coolant flowing through cooling jacket 8 . Thus, the first partial flow first flows through the first branch and then into and through the third branch, and the second partial flow flows first through the second branch and then into and through the third branch. The transfers 24 and the passage channels 25 are advantageous in order to be able to advantageously cool the outlet valve bridges or the receptacles 27 and/or the respective outlet valves.

In 3 transitions to the cold side are denoted by 28 and third transitions to the hot side are denoted by 29, with the respective transition 29 being able to be designed, for example, as an annular area or annular channel. In 4 the outlet 23 arranged or formed, for example, in or on the exhaust manifold 6 can be seen, with the cooling jacket 8 having at least or exactly two outlets 23 . In addition, 4 Separating elements 30 and 31 can be seen, through which, for example, the partial areas 16 and 17, in particular in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine 2, are separated from one another locally or fluidically. For each cylinder 3 in particular, the cooling jacket 8 has a respective, first region B1 and a respective, second region B2, with the regions B1 and B2 lying, for example, on opposite sides or sides facing away from one another, in particular of the respective cylinder 3. In particular, the area B1 is arranged on the side S2 and the area B2 is arranged on the side S1. The respective region B1 or B2 runs at least partially, in particular at least predominantly, around the respective cylinder 3 in the circumferential direction of the respective cylinder 3 . The respective area B2 is preferably arranged on a respective outlet side of the respective cylinder 3, on the outlet side of which the exhaust gas is discharged from the respective cylinder 3 or from the respective combustion chamber. Alternatively or additionally, the respective area B1 is arranged on a respective inlet side of the respective cylinder 3, on the inlet side of which fresh air for forming the mixture is introduced into the respective cylinder 3 or into the respective combustion chamber.

It's over 1 and 2 recognizable that in the direction of flow of the coolant flowing through the cooling jacket part 12, ie in the direction of flow of the first partial flow flowing through the cooling jacket part 12, the respective region B2 is arranged upstream of the respective region B1. In particular, the respective outlet sides of the cylinders 3 are arranged on the hot side and thus on the side S1 of the internal combustion engine 2, the respective outlet sides of the cylinders 3 being arranged on the cold side, i.e. on the side S2 of the internal combustion engine 2. The flow of the first partial flow from the partial area 16 into the merging area 18 is illustrated by an arrow 32 , and the flow of the first partial flow through the partial area 19 is illustrated by an arrow 33 . The flow of the first partial flow through the partial area 17 is illustrated by an arrow 34 , and the flow of the first partial flow from the partial area 17 into the merging area 18 is illustrated by an arrow 35 . In addition, an arrow 36 illustrates the flow of the coolant, ie the first and second part, from the merging area 18 to and into the outlet 23 and through the outlet 23 .

In 2 a so-called inter-cylinder cooling is also illustrated and denoted by 37 . The inter-cylinder cooling 37 comprises, for example, an inter-cooling area 38, which is part of the first cooling jacket part 12 and is arranged in the flow direction of the first partial flow flowing through the cooling jacket part 12 downstream of the area B2 and upstream of the area B1. The intermediate cooling area 38 of the first cooling jacket part 12 runs, for example, through a respective web 39 of the cylinder housing 1, also referred to as a cylinder web, with the respective web 39 being arranged in particular in the axial direction of the output shaft between two respective adjacent cylinders 3. As a result, the respective cylinder 3 can be cooled particularly effectively and efficiently. the end 5 it can be seen, for example, that the coolant, for example at least or exclusively water, flows in via at least or precisely three pins 40, in particular into the cooling jacket 8, so that the respective pin 40 is the inlet 9, for example or so that, for example, the inlet 9 is one of the pins 40 . The coolant is then pumped in particular directly upwards in the vertical direction of the internal combustion engine 2 and thus up to the manifold. In its upper part 16, the coolant arrives relatively cool and can absorb a lot of heat. The coolant at the bottom, i.e. the coolant flowing through the cooling jacket part 12, has already flowed around the cylinder 3 and is therefore already relatively warm when it arrives in the sub-area 19 and/or in the sub-area 17 and/or in the merging area 18 and can therefore hardly absorb heat. For example, the coolant is conducted from the lower cooling jacket part 12 into the exhaust manifold 6 and thereby into the lower partial area 17 of the exhaust manifold 6 via webs or via the at least one passage 11 or via passages 11 and can then cool the exhaust manifold 6. By mixing the two partial flows, embodied, for example, as water flows, in particular in the merging area 18, an average temperature, also referred to as the average water temperature, of the coolant, in particular of the overall flow, is achieved, with this average temperature not causing any undesired overheating.

Reference List

1

cylinder body

2

internal combustion engine

3

cylinder

4

Pistons

5

arrow

6

exhaust manifold

7

cylinder head

8th

cooling jacket

9

inlet

10

arrow

11

passage

12

first cooling jacket part

13

arrow

14

cylinder barrel

15

second cooling jacket part

16

upper section

17

lower section

18

merge area

19

third section

20

arrow

21

arrow

22

arrow

23

outlet

24

conversion

25

passageway

26

wall

27

admission

28

conversion

29

conversion

30

separator

31

separator

32

arrow

33

arrow

34

arrow

35

arrow

36

arrow

37

inter-cylinder cooling

38

intermediate cooling area

39

web

40

cones

41

sealing surface

B1

Area

B2

Area

S1

side

S2

side

S3

side

S4

side

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• EP 2322785 B1 [0002]
• DE 112014000931 T5 [0002]
• JP 6055322 B2 [0002]

Claims (10)

Internal combustion engine (2) for a motor vehicle, with a cylinder housing (1) which has at least two cylinders (3) partially delimiting respective combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine (2), with an exhaust gas manifold (6) formed separately from the cylinder housing (1), in which Exhaust gas from the combustion chambers is to be collected, and having a cooling jacket (8) through which a coolant can flow for cooling the internal combustion engine (2), characterized in that the cooling jacket (8) has: - an inlet (9) through which the coolant the cooling jacket (8) can be introduced; - at least one passage (11) spaced apart from the inlet (9) and provided in addition to the inlet (9); - a first cooling jacket part (12) which extends in the cylinder housing (1) and can be supplied with a first part of the coolant flowing through the inlet (9) and can therefore be flown through by the first part, which in the circumferential direction of the respective cylinder (3) at least partially surrounds the respective cylinder (3); - a second cooling jacket part (15) extending in the exhaust manifold (6) and at least partially separated from the first cooling jacket part (12), which is divided into: o an upper partial region (16) in the vertical direction (5) of the internal combustion engine (2), which can be supplied with a second part of the coolant flowing through the inlet (9) surrounding all cylinders (3) of the cylinder housing (1) and can therefore be flowed through by the second part; o a partial area (17) which is at least partially separate from the upper partial area (16) and is lower in the vertical direction (5) of the internal combustion engine (2) and which, via the passage (11), is connected to the first part after it has flowed through the first cooling jacket part (12) is supplyable; and o one arranged in the vertical direction (5) of the internal combustion engine (2) between the upper section (16) and the lower section (17), with the second part of the coolant coming out of the upper section (16) and with the first part of the coolant coming out the lower sub-area (17) supplyable merging area (18), in which the first part and the second part can be brought together; and - an outlet (23) through which the first and second parts can flow out of the merging area (18) and via which the first part and the second part can be discharged from the exhaust manifold (6). Internal combustion engine (2) after claim 1 characterized by at least one passage channel (25) which is spaced apart from the passage (11) and is provided in addition to the passage (11) and through which the second part can flow, via which the upper partial region (16) can be supplied with the second part of the coolant. Internal combustion engine (2) after claim 2 , characterized in that a wall (26) of the exhaust manifold (6) on a first side (S3) of the wall (26) has at least a longitudinal region of the passage (25) and on a second side (S4 ) of the wall (26) directly delimits a receptacle (27) for a gas exchange valve of the internal combustion engine (2). Internal combustion engine (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second cooling jacket part (15) has a third partial area (19 for cooling at least one of the combustion chambers partially bounding combustion chamber roof. Internal combustion engine (2) after claim 4 , characterized in that the third partial area (19) is arranged downstream of the first cooling jacket part (12) and upstream of the lower partial area (17) in the flow direction of the coolant flowing from the first cooling jacket part (12) to the lower partial area (17), whereby the lower sub-area (17) can be supplied with the first part from the first cooling jacket part (12) via the third sub-area (19). Internal combustion engine (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first cooling jacket part (12) has a respective, first region (B1) on a respective inlet side of the respective cylinder (3) in the circumferential direction of the respective cylinder (3) at least partially runs around the respective cylinder (3) and has a respective, second region (B2) which at least partially surrounds the respective cylinder on a respective outlet side of the respective cylinder (3) opposite the respective inlet side in the circumferential direction of the respective cylinder (3). (3) runs around. Internal combustion engine (2) after claim 6 , characterized in that the respective second region (B2) is arranged upstream of the respective first region (B1) in the direction of flow of the coolant flowing through the first cooling jacket part (12). Internal combustion engine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first cooling jacket part (12) has a Has an intermediate cooling area (38) which runs through a web (39) of the cylinder housing (1) which is arranged between the adjacent cylinders (3) and separates the adjacent cylinders (3) from one another. Internal combustion engine (2) according to claims 7 and 8th , characterized in that the intermediate cooling region (38) is arranged downstream of the respective second region (B2) and upstream of the respective first region (B1) in the direction of flow of the coolant flowing through the first cooling jacket part (12). Internal combustion engine (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust manifold (6) is formed in one piece with a cylinder head (7) which is formed separately from the cylinder housing (1) and is connected to the cylinder housing (1) and which partially separates the respective combustion chambers has limiting combustion chamber roofs.

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