DE102020120014A1 - Motor vehicle with a floating vehicle component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor vehicle (10) with a vehicle body (11) which is resiliently mounted on a chassis (12) of the motor vehicle (10) in order to carry out a body movement (16), wherein in the vehicle body (11) a vehicle component (17) is arranged on a holding structure (18) of the vehicle body (11). The invention provides that the vehicle component (17) is movably mounted in at least one spatial direction relative to the holding structure (18) in order to carry out a relative movement (20), the vehicle component (17) being attached to the holding structure (18) via a spring arrangement and/or or is held via a damper arrangement, wherein the spring arrangement has a spring setting device for setting a spring constant of the spring arrangement and/or the damper arrangement has a damper setting device for setting a damping constant of the damper arrangement and a control circuit (30) is set up to during travel of the motor vehicle (10) changing the spring constant and/or the damping constant by means of a respective actuating signal (31) as a function of at least one sensor signal describing the body movement (16) and/or relative movement (20).

Description

The invention relates to a motor vehicle with a vehicle body which, as is known, is resiliently mounted on a chassis of the motor vehicle. In the vehicle body there is a vehicle component whose own mass can have an influence on the driving dynamics of the motor vehicle, which is intended to be used by the invention. The invention also includes a method for influencing or controlling a body movement of the vehicle body on a chassis of a motor vehicle.

The traction battery in an electric vehicle is a vehicle component with a dead weight that is relevant in terms of driving dynamics. Such a traction battery represents a vehicle component with a dead weight that can account for more than 10%, in some cases even more than 20%, of the total weight of a motor vehicle. When cornering and/or when the motor vehicle brakes, the driving dynamics can therefore be significantly influenced by such a vehicle component. In electric vehicles, the traction battery is often bolted to the vehicle using a crash structure to ensure a rigid hold in any driving situation. Due to this rigid connection of the vehicle component in the vehicle body, e.g. via the crash structure or generally a support structure for the vehicle component, the driving dynamics must be achieved by the chassis itself, i.e. the springing of its wheel suspension. However, an adjustment is necessary in order to be able to coordinate the driving dynamics both with regard to the vehicle structure as a whole and the considerable weight of the individual vehicle components. This can lead to an undesirable trade-off.

From the CN 110197882A is known that a traction battery can be movably mounted in its housing. The connection to the housing is via a hydraulic pump mechanism with spiral springs, which allows the traction battery to move independently in its housing. Hydraulic fluid is circulated via the pump mechanism so that the kinetic energy of the traction battery can be used for pumping. Switching valves are switched depending on the current position of the traction battery so that both an upward and a backward movement can be used to always pump the hydraulic fluid forward. This traction battery does not have a beneficial effect on driving dynamics.

From the DE 10 2019 123 593 A1 is known to attach a traction battery in a vehicle body on rails and to provide the attachment with rubber dampers so that vibrations in the vehicle body are not transmitted to the traction battery.

From the US 2013/0161957 A1 a vehicle body is known, in the wheel suspension of which an electric generator for generating electric voltage is integrated in the vibration dampers. When the motor vehicle pitches or rolls, it can be damped and the kinetic energy to be dissipated can be converted into electrical energy. The amount of energy dissipated by the conversion also determines the degree of damping, so that an undesirable coupling of energy generation and driving dynamics can result.

The object of the invention is to control or influence a movement of the vehicle body on its chassis in a motor vehicle.

The object is solved by the subject matter of the independent patent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described by the dependent patent claims, the following description and the figures.

The invention provides a motor vehicle with a vehicle body which, in a known manner, is resiliently mounted on a chassis of the motor vehicle in order to carry out a body movement. Another name for such a vehicle body is chassis. The vehicle body is generally the so-called spring-loaded mass of the motor vehicle. The resilient mounting results from the springing of the wheel suspension in the chassis. The term "body movement" thus indicates the movement of the vehicle body on its chassis or in its wheel suspension.

In the vehicle body, a vehicle component is arranged on a holding structure of the vehicle body in the motor vehicle according to the invention. Such a vehicle component can be a traction battery, for example. The support structure can be a frame or a plate, for example. The holding structure can be made of steel or aluminum or an alloy, for example. The holding structure itself can, for example, be rigidly fastened in the vehicle body, for example on a frame or a crash structure of the vehicle body. The vehicle component can have a mass that can make up more than 10% of the total mass of the motor vehicle (unloaded state), for example. In the case of a motor vehicle with a total mass of 2.5 t, the vehicle component can be 250 kg or more, for example. The invention can also for Vehicle components are used with a lower mass fraction. In particular, the invention can also be implemented for a number of vehicle components, for which the features described below apply in each case.

In order to further influence or tune the driving dynamics in addition to the resilient mounting of the vehicle body on its chassis, the invention provides that the vehicle component is movably mounted for a relative movement relative to the holding structure in at least one spatial direction, for which purpose the vehicle component is attached to the holding structure by means of a Is held spring assembly and / or by means of a damper assembly. In other words, the vehicle component and the spring assembly represent a mass-spring system that is linearly movable in the vehicle body and/or the vehicle component and the damper assembly represent a damped system. The spring assembly and the vehicle component can therefore be attached together to the holding structure form or represent a mass-spring system in the vehicle body. If a damper arrangement is present, the relative movement of the vehicle component with respect to the holding structure is damped, resulting in a damped system. The described form of mounting of the vehicle components in the vehicle body is also referred to as floating mounting.

The spring arrangement has a spring setting device for setting a spring constant of the spring arrangement. In addition or as an alternative to this, the damper arrangement has a damper setting device for setting a damping constant of the damper arrangement. In other words, the spring behavior and/or damping behavior can be controlled. A control circuit is accordingly set up to change the spring constant and/or the damping constant while the motor vehicle is moving by means of a respective actuating signal as a function of at least one sensor signal describing the body movement and/or relative movement. Thus, at least one parameter of the relative movement of the vehicle component on the holding structure in the vehicle body can be set or specified by the control circuit. Such a parameter can be, for example, a natural frequency and/or a time constant for the relative movement to decay (damping). With the spring rate and/or damping constant of the chassis, a separate spring behavior and/or damping behavior can be set for the vehicle component as a whole with regard to the wheels or the chassis because the additional relative movement is present on the holding structure. In particular, in the case of an oscillating or oscillating movement of the vehicle body, by correspondingly oscillating or varying changing the spring constant and/or damping constant, the vehicle component on the holding structure can be achieved in relation to the rest of the vehicle body in an out-of-phase oscillating movement or even in an anti-phase oscillating movement. In this way, the vehicle body can be specifically adjusted to a predetermined frequency and/or amplitude and/or phase in its body movement with respect to the chassis. The spring arrangement can, for example, comprise a spiral spring and/or disk spring and/or gas pressure spring. A material for such a spring can be steel, for example. To set a spring constant, for example, a tapping point on a spiral spring or disk spring and/or a gas pressure of a gas pressure spring can be set. The damper arrangement can include, for example, a hydraulic damper and/or an electric machine that causes damping by means of induction.

The invention also includes embodiments that result in additional advantages.

According to one embodiment, the control circuit is coupled to at least one sensor, which is configured to detect the body movement, which includes pitching and/or rolling and/or yawing and/or pitching of the vehicle body on the chassis, while the motor vehicle is being driven to detect the relative movement of the vehicle component with respect to the holding structure and to signal it by means of the respective sensor signal, and wherein the control circuit is set up to generate the respective control signal for reducing the body movement by means of a control module or controller depending on the respective sensor signal. By measuring the body movement, the movement of the support structure in space is known, so that by adjusting the spring constant and/or damping constant, a force transmission of an inertial force from the vehicle component to the support structure can be set or adjusted in such a way that overall the body movement of the rest of the vehicle body is reduced . For this purpose, a control algorithm can be used for the control module, for example a PID controller (PID - proportional, integral, differential). The control module can be based, for example, on a program code for a microcontroller or microprocessor. The use of a frequency pick-up or an acceleration sensor or a speed sensor has proven itself as the respective sensor for detecting the body movement and/or relative movement. The sensor can also include analog and/or digital signal processing. A respective sensor can be held at the be arranged in each case structure and/or on the vehicle body and/or on the vehicle component.

According to one embodiment, the damper arrangement has a rheological fluid, the viscosity of which depends on an electric and/or magnetic field penetrating it, with a corresponding switchable field generating circuit for generating the field (electric field of a capacitor electrode and/or magnetic field) being used as the spring setting device and/or damping setting device a magnetic coil) is provided. In other words, the damping constant of the damping arrangement is changed or set at least partially by means of a rheological fluid. As a result, a particularly fast-reacting change in the damping constant can be achieved. By changing the viscosity, the overall behavior of the vibratory system “vehicle body on the chassis” can be adjusted. A rheological fluid can even make the damper assembly temporarily or temporarily completely rigid (no relative movement) and/or, in contrast, eliminate the ability of the vehicle body to vibrate with respect to the chassis (via counter-vibration of the vehicle component).

According to one embodiment, the damping arrangement has a pneumatic and/or hydraulic pump mechanism, which generates a volume flow of a pump fluid when the vehicle component moves relative to the holding structure. Converting the relative movement of the vehicle component with respect to the holding structure into a volume flow of the pump fluid enables the kinetic energy of the vehicle component to be converted with little technical effort. A gas or a liquid can be used as the pumping fluid. An example of a suitable liquid is oil and water, respectively.

According to one embodiment, the pump mechanism is coupled to a pressure accumulator for storing a fluid pressure of the pump fluid and/or a circuit for circulating the pump fluid. By diverting or directing the volume flow into a pressure accumulator, a fluid pressure can be generated in the pressure accumulator, which can then be used with a time delay, ie at a later point in time, after the volume flow has been generated in a hydraulic system. A particular embodiment consists in using at least one vibration damper in the chassis as a pressure accumulator, so that a relative movement of the vehicle component on the holding structure causes the at least one vibration damper in the chassis to harden or stiffen. This results in a self-stabilizing system with regard to body movement with respect to the chassis. On the other hand, since the volume flow is circulated in a circuit, the vehicle component can be used to drive a circulating pump. An adjustable valve can be provided as a spring adjustment device and/or damper adjustment device for the pump mechanism, which valve setting specifies a hydraulic resistance for the pump fluid through its valve position.

According to one embodiment, the pump mechanism is coupled to a hydraulic motor and/or to a turbine, so that an electric generator is driven by the volume flow. A shaft or rod can thus be driven by means of the volume flow, which drives an electrical generator, by means of which electrical energy can then be provided or generated. Driving the generator indirectly via the pump mechanism has the advantage that the elements of the generator can be arranged outside of the damper arrangement. An electric machine can be used as the electric generator. A rotary machine and/or a linear machine (linear motor) can be used.

According to one embodiment, the damping arrangement itself comprises a mechano-electrical converter with two relatively movable elements, one of which is coupled to the vehicle body and the other of which is coupled to the support structure. In this embodiment, there is a direct conversion of the kinetic energy of the vehicle component on the holding structure into electrical energy, without the detour via hydraulics or pneumatics. For this purpose, the two elements are moved relative to each other, which can then be used to generate an induction voltage. For this purpose, the two elements can be part of a linear generator/linear motor. Alternating polarity of the electrical voltage (AC voltage) generated by the generator can be rectified (rectified voltage) using a rectifier circuit. In addition or as an alternative to this, the voltage generated from the generator can be adjusted to a voltage of an on-board network of the motor vehicle by means of a transformation circuit (for example a switching converter) in order to feed the electrical energy into the on-board network. The damper arrangement can, of course, have a number of such electrical converters in order to generate the damping effect at a number of points on the vehicle component. A circuit can be provided as the spring setting device and/or damper setting device, which circuit sets a current strength and/or an electrical output of the converter.

According to one embodiment, a mass of the vehicle component is at least 10 percent (10%) of a total mass of the motor vehicle (without payload). It is provided in embodiments that the vehicle component is a traction battery or a fuel cell or a vehicle container. A vehicle component with at least 10 percent of the total mass of the motor vehicle, in particular at least 20 percent of the total mass, has the advantage that, in order to generate the relative movement, a force transmission (force of inertia, acceleration force) occurs at the spring arrangement and/or damper arrangement, by means of which the body movement of the The rest of the vehicle body can be effectively influenced, so that the body movement is canceled or reduced within a predetermined period of time, for example within 30 seconds, preferably within 10 seconds, after an excitation event, such as cornering and/or braking and/or acceleration can be. If a traction battery is used as the vehicle component, there is the advantage that the traction battery in the motor vehicle can be operated with care, since an impulse acting on the vehicle body is only transmitted to the traction battery in a time-extended or stretched manner by the spring arrangement and/or damper arrangement , that is, the absolute value of the jerk or the magnitude of the jerk is reduced. The jerk is the time derivative of the acceleration. A fuel tank or a gas tank, for example, can be held on the holding structure in the manner described as the vehicle container.

According to one embodiment, the vehicle component can be moved linearly by the relatively movable mounting and is mounted in a rotationally fixed manner with respect to the holding structure. Since the only relative movement that occurs is a linear movement or transverse movement on the support structure, it is possible to prevent the vehicle component from causing what is known as “floating” when the motor vehicle is driving forward (“floating” is an angular offset between the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and the current forward direction of travel).

In one embodiment, the control circuit is set up to receive setting data for at least one setting parameter via a communication connection of a vehicle interface of the motor vehicle and to set a vibration behavior of the vehicle component described by the setting data. Via a communication connection or online connection between a vehicle interface of the motor vehicle on the one hand and at least one other motor vehicle and/or a server device on the other hand, setting data for at least one setting parameter can be received or accepted and a proven, favorable or specified vibration behavior of the vehicle component can be set using the setting data . As a result, the swarm intelligence of other motor vehicles can find an influence. The setting data can, for example, have an image of the current driving maneuver (curve radius driven, driving speed, unevenness of the road) on, for example, the damping constant and/or spring constant and/or a time profile of these constants for the course of the driving maneuver. The necessary location-dependent data position/road conditions/vehicle settings/equipment (e.g. wheels, driving program, loading) are determined and/or compared and e.g. also described by the setting data.

In one embodiment, an actuator arrangement is provided which has at least one actuator which is arranged between the holding structure and the vehicle component and is set up to generate and/or amplify the relative movement of the vehicle component relative to the holding structure as a function of an actuator signal. This function can be used to actively control an actuator, which e.g. triggers and/or amplifies the vibration system in order to achieve a higher effect. The possibly built-in pump mechanism can be used as an actuator for this purpose, as well as an electric actuator (motor with imbalance or lever position). If there is a vibration (droning and/or shaking) in the rest of the vehicle body (e.g. vehicle frame), the vehicle component can be set into a phase-shifted oscillation by controlling the actuator arrangement using the actuator signal, whereby the vibrations in the vehicle body can be damped.

The motor vehicle according to the invention is preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car or truck, or as a passenger bus or motorcycle.

The invention is also aimed at a method that results from the operation of the motor vehicle according to the invention. The method is used to influence or control a body movement of a vehicle body on a chassis of a motor vehicle. In the vehicle body, a vehicle component is provided on a holding structure of the vehicle body, which is movably mounted in at least one spatial direction relative to the holding structure. The vehicle component is held on the holding structure by a spring arrangement and/or by a damper arrangement, and the vehicle component thus guides one of the assembly movements of the vehicle body within the vehicle body factory overlaid movement off. The spring arrangement has a spring setting device for setting a spring constant of the spring arrangement. Additionally or alternatively, the damper arrangement has a damper setting device for setting a damping constant of the damper arrangement. A control circuit changes the spring constant and/or the damping constant by means of a respective control signal while the motor vehicle is moving.

The invention also includes the described control circuit for the motor vehicle. The control circuit can have a data processing device or a processor device that is set up to carry out an embodiment of the method according to the invention. For this purpose, the processor device can have at least one microprocessor and/or at least one microcontroller and/or at least one FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and/or at least one DSP (Digital Signal Processor). Furthermore, the processor device can have program code which is set up to generate the actuating signals for the method according to the invention when executed by the processor device. The program code can be stored in a data memory of the processor device.

The invention also includes developments of the method according to the invention and of the control circuit according to the invention, each of which has features as have already been described in connection with the developments of the motor vehicle according to the invention. For this reason, the corresponding developments of the method according to the invention are not described again here.

The invention also encompasses implementations each having a combination of the features of several of the described embodiments, unless the embodiments are described as mutually exclusive.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer perspektivischen Schnittzeichnung einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeugs;
• 2 eine schematische Explosionsdarstellung einer Fahrzeugkomponente und einer Haltestruktur für die Fahrzeugkomponente, wie sie in einem Fahrzeugaufbau des Kraftfahrzeugs von 1 bereitgestellt sein kann;
• 3 eine schematische Darstellung der Fahrzeugkomponente und der Haltestruktur;
• 4 eine schematische Darstellung eines Elements einer Federanordnung und einer Dämpferanordnung, wie sie zwischen Fahrzeugkomponente und Haltestruktur bereitgestellt sein kann;
• 5 eine schematische Darstellung einer Schnittzeichnung des Elements der Federanordnung und Dämpferanordnung;
• 6 eine schematische Darstellung einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Anordnung aus Haltestruktur und Fahrzeugkomponente;
• 7 eine schematische Darstellung eines hydraulischen Elements einer hydraulischen Dämpferanordnung, wie sie in der alternativen Ausführungsform von 6 bereitgestellt sein kann.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below. For this shows:

• 1 a schematic representation of a perspective sectional drawing of an embodiment of the motor vehicle according to the invention;
• 2 a schematic exploded view of a vehicle component and a support structure for the vehicle component, as in a vehicle body of the motor vehicle of 1 can be provided;
• 3 a schematic representation of the vehicle component and the support structure;
• 4 a schematic representation of an element of a spring assembly and a damper assembly, as it can be provided between vehicle component and support structure;
• 5 a schematic representation of a sectional drawing of the element of the spring assembly and damper assembly;
• 6 a schematic representation of an alternative embodiment of the arrangement of support structure and vehicle component;
• 7 a schematic representation of a hydraulic element of a hydraulic damper assembly, as in the alternative embodiment of FIG 6 can be provided.

The exemplary embodiments explained below are preferred embodiments of the invention. In the exemplary embodiments, the described components of the embodiments each represent individual features of the invention that are to be considered independently of one another and that each also develop the invention independently of one another. Therefore, the disclosure is also intended to encompass combinations of the features of the embodiments other than those illustrated. Furthermore, the described embodiments can also be supplemented by further features of the invention that have already been described.

In the figures, the same reference symbols designate elements with the same function.

1 shows a motor vehicle 10, which can be, for example, a passenger car or truck. Motor vehicle 10 can be an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, for example. In the motor vehicle 10, a vehicle body 11 can be resiliently mounted or arranged on a chassis 12. Wheels 13 and part of a suspension 14 of the chassis 12 are shown. While the wheels 13 maintain contact with a driving surface 15 , the vehicle body 11 can perform a body movement 16 on the chassis 12 due to the suspension 14 . The body movement 16 can include pitching and/or rolling and/or yawing and/or pitching, for example.

A vehicle component 17 can be arranged in the vehicle body 11 in the motor vehicle 10 . An example of such a vehicle component 17 can be a fuel cell and/or a traction battery and/or a vehicle container 19, for example a fuel tank or gas tank. The vehicle component 17 can be mounted in the vehicle body 11 by a support structure 18 to be held. The holding structure 18 is preferably rigid, for example connected to a frame and/or a carrier of the vehicle body 11 . The holding structure 18 can be fastened in the vehicle body 11 eg by screwing or welding. The vehicle component 17 can be movably mounted in the holding structure 18 . As a result, the vehicle component 17 can perform a relative movement 20 with respect to the remainder of the vehicle body 11 , which is superimposed on the body movement 16 with respect to the driving surface 15 or the chassis 12 . Thus, a movement of a mass of vehicle body 11 during body movement 16 can be influenced by the relative movement 20 of a mass m of vehicle component 17, since its relative mobility on support structure 18 results in a transmission of force between support structure 18 and vehicle component 17, which, for example, has a damping effect the body movement 16 of the remaining part of the vehicle body 11 can act.

2 Illustrates the arrangement of the vehicle component 17 in the holding structure 18 in an exploded view. The holding structure 18 can be designed here, for example, as a frame in which the vehicle component 17 can be arranged. The frame can be made of steel or aluminum, for example. The mass m of the vehicle component 17 can in particular make up more than 10 percent, in particular more than 20 percent, of the total mass of the motor vehicle 10 .

3 illustrates the movable mounting of the vehicle component 17 in relation to the holding structure 18. The representation in FIG 3 FIG. 14 is a side view, which can result in a relative movement 20 in the vertical direction. In addition or as an alternative to this, there can be mobility in the horizontal direction, which is 3 would mean that it is a top view. It shows how the vehicle component 17 can be connected to the holding structure 18 via a spring and/or damper structure 22 for the movable mounting. In this case, the vehicle component 17 can additionally be mounted on a rail and/or a sliding plane in order to carry a weight of the mass m of the vehicle component 17 . In 3 It is shown how the spring and damper structure 22 can have a plurality of elements 23, six elements being shown here by way of example, the number of which can be made dependent on a value of the mass m.

4 12 illustrates a single element 23 from the spring and damper structure 22. It is shown how the vehicle component 17 with its mass m can be connected to the holding structure 18 via the element 23. An element 23 can act as a suspension 25 with at least one spring and/or damper 26 . A damping effect of the damper 26 can be brought about on the one hand by friction 27 and on the other hand by a mechano-electrical energy converter 28 . A damping constant k can preferably be set in the energy converter 28 via an electrical circuit 29, ie a time signal k(t) results. The electrical circuit 29 can be controlled accordingly by a control circuit 30 using an actuating signal 31 . For example, a power draw and/or an amperage of an induced current I can be set by the circuit 29 . The energy converter 28 can be based on at least one induction coil 32, for example.

In 4 on the right-hand side, the arrangement is shown again as an equivalent circuit diagram with the mass m and the holding structure 18. An equivalent replacement representation is shown on the left, which is identified by a corresponding sign “=̂”. A damping constant c and/or a spring constant k can be designed as a time function over time t, in that the control circuit 30 controls the electrical circuit 29 by means of the actuating signal 31, for example. Furthermore, the force transmission of the damping force Fc and the spring force Fk is illustrated, which can counteract an inertial force or gravity or inertial force Fm of the mass m of the vehicle component 17 . Overall, this results in a resultant force, which results in an acceleration a and thus over time in a speed v of the relative movement 20 of the vehicle component 17 with respect to the holding structure 18 . In the process, a position p of the vehicle component 17 changes with respect to the holding structure 18. The resulting time functions are illustrated by the suffix (t).

5 12 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of element 23 in the form of a linear generator that may be connected to vehicle component 17 via a first element 33 and to support structure 18 via a second element 34 . The suspension 25 can be realized, for example, by a spiral spring 25', which can be made of steel, for example. The damper 26 can be effected by a combination of electromagnets or permanent magnets 35 and the induction coil 32 . A non-rotatable, linear mobility can be brought about by a guide element 36, which can be, for example, a rod or a tube.

6 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the arrangement of the vehicle component 17 in the support structure 18, in which a Damper structure 37 is effected by means of a pumping mechanism 38 .

7 12 illustrates an individual element 39 of the pumping mechanism 38. It is shown that the respective element 39 can enable a movement in the X direction of the vehicle component 17 with respect to the holding structure 18, while a movement in the Y direction is blocked. Provision can be made for a first element 40 to be connected to the vehicle component 17 or the holding structure 18 and a second element 41, conversely, to be connected to the holding structure 18 or the vehicle component 17. The element 40 can be a piston which is mounted in a cylinder as the element 41 can be movably mounted and thereby the relative movement 20 as a pumping movement for a pumping fluid 42 to generate a volume flow 43 can convert. It can be hydraulic. To control the volume flow 43, a controllable valve 44 can be provided, which can be controlled in the manner described by the actuating signal 31 of the control circuit 30. The volume flow 43 of the pump fluid 42 can be conducted into a pressure accumulator 45, for example. In addition or as an alternative to this, the volume flow 43 can be used to operate a hydraulic motor 46 (M), which can be coupled, for example via a shaft 47, to an electrical generator 48 (G) for generating an electrical voltage 49.

The positional and kinetic energy that is applied to the battery/container mass by the vehicle's acceleration and deceleration is not used. The battery modules/the container is given a small and defined freedom of movement in its mounting frame as a holding structure (e.g. a movement path with a length in a range from 2 cm to 30 cm). The differential movements between the vehicle and the battery can thus be used for energy recovery. Current vehicles weigh just over 2500 kg. A traction battery depending on the size about 700 kg. The power potential to be tapped results from the weight ratios and accelerations/decelerations. Advantage The advantage lies in the fact that a vehicle component is usually in a restless state due to its own excitation as well as external excitation. These differences can be converted into energy via the hydraulic and electrical system and fed back into the vehicle.

1. a) Voraussetzung für die Umsetzung ist eine schwimmende Lagerung wodurch eine definierte Bewegung der Module/Behälters in einem Schwingungssystem mit einem oder zwei Freiheitsgraden entsteht. Beispielhaft ist das technische System auf einem Freiheitsgrad dargestellt. Als Analogie kann man hier das System eines Einmassenschwingers verwenden. Nur die technische Komplexität wie auch die Effektivität begrenzen die Auswahl der Freiheitsgrade.
2. b) Ein hydraulisches Pumpsystem zur Rückgewinnung kann einen oder mehrere einfache Hydraulikzylinder aufweisen, die zusammen als lineare Pumpeinheit in den definierten Freiheitsgraden wirken können. Die Differenzbewegungen des Moduls/Behälters werden in einen Volumenstrom umgewandelt. Der Volumenstrom kann gesammelt über einen Hydromotor mit Generatoranschluss zu elektr. Energie gewandelt werden oder in einem Druckspeicher zum Abgriff für andere Fahrzeugsysteme bevorratet werden. Bei Verwendung einer rheologischen Flüssigkeit kann durch die Veränderung der Viskosität das Verhalten des Schwingungssystems beeinflusst oder sogar komplett aufgehoben werden. Insbesondere bei der Annullierung von Fahrzeugschwingungen im Fahrzeug kann hieraus ein eigenständiges System abgleitet werden. Hierzu sind dann verschiedene Frequenzaufnehmer am Fahrzeug und Rahmen sowie an der schwingenden Masse mit einer Steuereinheit notwendig.
3. c) Ein elektrisches System zur Rückgewinnung kann mit zwei Möglichkeiten realisiert werden: Über Piezoelemente (die bei Differenzbewegungen elektrischenSpannungen erzeugen) oder lineare Generatoren, wobei der Translator / elektrische Wandler mit der Batterie und der Stator mit dem Fahrzeug verbunden ist. Die erzeugte Spannung aus den Generatoren kann nach gewünschter Transformation in das elektrische Bordnetz (z.B. ein 12-Volt-Bordnetz) eingespeist werden.

A technical implementation can be achieved as follows:

1. a) The prerequisite for the implementation is a floating bearing, which creates a defined movement of the modules/containers in a vibration system with one or two degrees of freedom. The technical system is shown as an example on one degree of freedom. The system of a single-mass oscillator can be used here as an analogy. Only the technical complexity as well as the effectiveness limit the choice of degrees of freedom.
2. b) A hydraulic pumping system for recovery can have one or more simple hydraulic cylinders that can act together as a linear pumping unit in the defined degrees of freedom. The differential movements of the module/container are converted into a volume flow. The volume flow can be collected via a hydraulic motor with generator connection to electr. Energy is converted or stored in a pressure accumulator to be tapped for other vehicle systems. When using a rheological fluid, the behavior of the vibration system can be influenced or even completely eliminated by changing the viscosity. An independent system can be derived from this, particularly when canceling vehicle vibrations in the vehicle. For this, different frequency pickups on the vehicle and frame as well as on the oscillating mass with a control unit are necessary.
3. c) An electrical system for recovery can be realized in two ways: Via piezo elements (which generate electrical voltages with differential movements) or linear generators, with the translator / electrical converter being connected to the battery and the stator to the vehicle. The voltage generated from the generators can be fed into the on-board electrical system (eg a 12-volt on-board network) after the desired transformation.

Overall, the examples show how an energy harvesting system can be provided from a floating traction battery/vehicle container.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• CN 110197882A [0003]
• DE 102019123593 A1 [0004]
• US 2013/0161957 A1 [0005]

Claims (12)

Motor vehicle (10) with a vehicle body (11) which is resiliently mounted on a chassis (12) of the motor vehicle (10) to carry out a body movement (16), wherein in the vehicle body (11) a vehicle component (17) on a holding structure ( 18) of the vehicle body (11), characterized in that the vehicle component (17) is movably mounted for performing a relative movement (20) in at least one spatial direction relative to the holding structure (18), the vehicle component (17) being attached to the holding structure (18) is held via a spring arrangement and/or via a damper arrangement, the spring arrangement having a spring adjusting device for setting a spring constant of the spring arrangement and/or the damper arrangement having a damper adjusting device for setting a damping constant of the damper arrangement and a control circuit (30) being set up for this purpose, while the motor vehicle (10) is driving, the spring constant and/or the damping constant e by means of a respective actuating signal (31) as a function of at least one sensor signal describing the body movement (16) and/or relative movement (20). Motor vehicle (10) after claim 1 , wherein the control circuit (30) is coupled to at least one sensor, which is set up while the motor vehicle (10) is driving, the body movement (16), the pitching and / or rolling and / or yawing and / or pitching of the vehicle body (11) on the chassis (12), and/or to detect the relative movement (20) of the vehicle component (17) with respect to the holding structure (18) and to signal it by means of the respective sensor signal, and wherein the control circuit (30) is set up for this to generate the respective actuating signal (31) for reducing the body movement (16) by means of a control module as a function of the respective sensor signal. Motor vehicle (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the damper arrangement has a rheological fluid whose viscosity depends on an electric and/or magnetic field penetrating it, and a switchable field-generating circuit for generating the field is provided as the spring setting device and/or damping setting device. Motor vehicle (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the damping arrangement has a pneumatic and/or hydraulic pump mechanism (38) which, when the vehicle component (17) moves relative to the holding structure (18), generates a volume flow (43) of a pump fluid (42) generated. Motor vehicle (10) after claim 4 , wherein the pumping mechanism (38) is coupled to a pressure accumulator (45) for storing a fluid pressure of the pumping fluid (42) and/or to a circuit for circulating the pumping fluid (42). Motor vehicle (10) after claim 4 or 5 , wherein the pump mechanism (38) is coupled to a hydraulic motor (46) and/or to a turbine, through which an electric generator (48) is driven by means of the volume flow (43). Motor vehicle (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the damping arrangement comprises a mechano-electrical converter with two relatively movable elements (33, 34), one of which is coupled to the vehicle body (11) and the other of which is coupled to the support structure (18). Motor vehicle (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a mass of the vehicle component (17) makes up at least 10 percent of a total mass of the motor vehicle (10) and/or wherein the vehicle component (17) is a traction battery or a fuel cell or a vehicle container (19). . Motor vehicle (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the vehicle component (17) is mounted in a linearly movable and non-rotatable manner with respect to the holding structure (18) by the relatively movable mounting. Motor vehicle (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control circuit (30) is set up to receive setting data for at least one setting parameter via a communication link of a vehicle interface of the motor vehicle and to determine a vibration behavior of the vehicle component (17) described by the setting data by setting the at least to effect a setting parameter. Motor vehicle (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an actuator arrangement is provided which has at least one actuator which is arranged between the holding structure (18) and the vehicle component (17) and is set up to limit the relative movement (20) of the vehicle component (17 ) relative to the support structure (18) depending on an actuator signal to generate and / or amplify. Method for influencing a body movement (16) of a vehicle body (11) on a chassis (12) of a motor vehicle (10), wherein a vehicle component (17) is provided in the vehicle body (11) on a holding structure (18) of the vehicle body (11). , which in at least one spatial direction relative to the holding structure (18) is movably mounted and the vehicle component (17) is held on the holding structure (18) via a spring arrangement and/or via a damper arrangement and the vehicle component (17) within the vehicle body (11) exhibits one of the body movements (16) of the vehicle body (11). movement superimposed on the chassis (12), the spring arrangement having a spring setting device for setting a spring constant of the spring arrangement and/or the damper arrangement having a damper setting device for setting a damping constant of the damper arrangement and a control circuit (30) setting the spring constant while the motor vehicle (10) is traveling and/or changes the damping constant by means of a respective control signal (31).

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