DE102020119731A1 - Stator of a rotary electric machine and a rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a stator of an electrical rotary machine and an electrical rotary machine with the stator Sheets (5) which each have radially projecting lugs (6) for positioning and/or fixing the respective sheet (5) and thus also the individual laminated core (10) having the respective sheet (5), with lugs (6) of the Laminations (5) within a single laminated core (10) are arranged superimposed on each other along the axial direction in a number of circumferential positions (50) in plate packs (11), and the overall laminated core (20) in a plurality of circumferential positions (40) plate packs ( 11) of the individual laminated cores (10), the number of circumferential positions (40) of the plate bundles (11) on the overall laminated core (20) being greater than the number of circumferential positions en (40) of the plate packets (11) on a respective individual laminated core (10), and the plate packets (11) in the same circumferential positions (40) on the overall laminated core (20) are mechanically connected to one another in the axial direction. The stator proposed here and the electric rotary machine equipped therewith can be manufactured and assembled within the permissible tolerances in a cost-effective manner with a small installation space requirement and low weight.

Description

The invention relates to a stator of an electrical rotary machine and an electrical rotary machine with the stator.

Electrical rotary machines are known in a variety of configurations for a wide variety of applications, in which case they primarily serve as drive units or are also operated as generators.

They each comprise a stator and a rotor arranged rotatably in relation thereto. Customary embodiments provide that the rotor is located radially inside the stator or is rotatably mounted there.

Different requirements are placed on the stator. The stator must be able to support or absorb the torque generated by the rotary electric machine and be able to transmit it to a housing or frame. Usually, the stator also at least partially forms a housing of the electrical rotary machine or is permanently connected to the housing. The stator is to be manufactured with a relatively high level of accuracy, so that it is ensured that an air gap between the stator and the rotor is sufficiently large, so that no collision between the rotor and the stator takes place even at high speeds of the rotor and centrifugal forces acting. On the other hand, however, this air gap must be kept small in order to achieve high electrical efficiency of the electrical rotary machine. The mechanical attachment of the stator to a housing must be implemented with as little stress as possible, so that no deformation of individual elements of the status, such as laminations of laminated cores of the stator, occur, which in turn could lead to electrical losses.

In particular, with the increasing use of electric rotary machines as drive units in motor vehicles, there is also a requirement for the electric rotary machine and thus also the stator to be light in weight, as well as for cost-effective and time-efficient production due to the large quantities to be expected.

Various methods are known for producing and assembling a stator comprising a plurality of laminated cores. So it is sometimes common to position the laminated cores axially one behind the other and then to be fixed by shrinking a housing in this housing and by this housing. However, this can lead to radial stresses, as a result of which individual laminations of laminated cores may receive impermissible deformations, as a result of which air gaps can arise between individual laminations.

Another conventional embodiment of essential elements of a stator of a rotary electric machine is in 1 shown. 1 shows an overall laminated core 20 of the stator, the overall laminated core 20 having a plurality of individual laminated cores 10 .

Slots 3 are formed on the radially inner side of the overall laminated core 20 and serve to accommodate windings of the stator, which are not shown here.

It can be seen that in the conventional embodiment of the overall laminated core 20, the metal sheets 5 forming the individual laminated cores, of which only one of the metal sheets 5 axially delimiting the overall laminated core 20 can be seen here, at corresponding four positions 50 on the circumference of the overall Form laminated core 20 tab packs 11, which are superimposed along the axial direction. The circumference here refers to the axis of symmetry, which also represents the axis of rotation 2 of an electrical rotary machine with which the illustrated stator is equipped.

An opening 30 is formed in all link plates 6 or link packs 11, which is used to form a mechanical connection 32, which is also not shown here. A mechanical connecting element usually leads through a sleeve 33 which fills the respective opening 30 . A connecting element designed in the form of a bolt, in particular a clamping bolt, can be guided through the sleeve 33, with which the laminations 5 or laminations 10 are fixed to one another in the axial direction. In addition, the bolts can also serve to fix axial closing elements (not shown here), so-called shields, to the overall laminated core.

This embodiment of an overall laminated core 20 has the advantage of axially and radially uniform bracing of the individual laminated cores 10 and the realization of a sufficiently precise parallelism of the individual laminated cores 10 to one another. This is essentially achieved in that the axial fixing of the individual laminated cores 10 to one another is distributed symmetrically around the circumference of the laminated cores 5, and in that the sleeve leading through the laminated cores or individual laminated cores 10 is used for a substantially right-angled Provides course of the longitudinal axis of the sleeve to the side surfaces of the sheets.

However, in this embodiment, additional installation space is required for the tabs or tab packs. In addition, the brackets or bracket packs and the sleeves and bolts guided in them also contribute to the total weight of the stator.

2 shows a conventional stator 1 with the in 1 illustrated overall laminated core 20. Furthermore, the stator 1 includes two axially arranged end elements 80,81, which are also referred to as shields. In addition, the end windings 4 of the windings of the stator 1 can be seen axially on both sides of the overall laminated core 20 . It can also be seen that sleeves 33 lead through openings 30 in the laminations 5 or individual laminations 10, in which sleeves 34 designed as bolts are arranged for the axial fixing of the laminations 5 or individual laminations 10 and also the axial closing elements 80, 81

Proceeding from this, the object of the present invention is to provide a stator and an electrical rotary machine equipped therewith which can be manufactured and assembled cost-effectively within the permissible tolerances with a small installation space requirement and low weight.

This object is achieved by the stator according to claim 1, by the stator according to claim 9 and by the rotary electric machine according to claim 10. Advantageous configurations of the stator are specified in dependent claims 2 to 8.

The features of the claims can be combined in any technically meaningful way, with the explanations from the following description and features from the figures also being able to be used for this purpose, which include supplementary configurations of the invention.

In the context of the present invention, the terms “radial”, “axial” and “circumference” always refer to the axis of rotation of the electric rotary machine equipped with the stator.

The invention relates to a stator of an electrical rotary machine, comprising an overall laminated core, which has a plurality of individual laminated cores, with each individual laminated core comprising a plurality of laminates, each of which has radially projecting tabs for positioning and/or fixing the respective laminate and thus also the have the respective sheet metal having individual laminated core. Tabs of the laminations within a single core are arranged in tab packs overlying each other along the axial direction in a number of circumferential positions. The overall laminated core has plate stacks of the individual laminated cores in several circumferential positions, the number of circumferential positions of the plate stacks on the overall laminated core being greater than the number of circumferential positions of the plate stacks on a respective individual laminated core. The plate stacks are mechanically connected to one another in the same circumferential positions on the overall laminated core in the axial direction.

A respective circumferential position is to be understood as meaning the angular position of the link in question or of the link assembly, based on an axis of rotation of a rotor of the electric rotary machine. In this case, the axis of rotation corresponds in particular to the axis of symmetry of the stator, which is designed essentially in the form of a hollow cylinder, at least in the radially inner region.

In particular, it is provided that the plate stacks are fixed to one another in the same circumferential positions on the overall laminated core in the axial direction. The stator has the advantage that it can be designed with a small number of brackets per sheet, while at the same time ensuring a relatively large number of positions distributed around the circumference for mechanical fixing or bracing of the individual sheets and thus also the laminated cores realized from them, so that despite the small number of tabs, the parallelism of the laminations or laminated cores is ensured, while at the same time reducing the required installation space and the weight of the laminated cores and thus also of the entire stator.

In one embodiment of the stator, it is provided that plate packs of individual plate packs are arranged at the same circumferential positions on the overall plate pack, with the plate packs of at least two individual plate packs arranged axially directly adjacent to one another superimposing one another along the axial direction.

However, it is provided here that the plate stacks of all adjacent individual laminated cores do not overlap in the overall laminated core. In particular, two directly adjacent stacks of laminations can have their plate stacks at the same circumferential positions of the overall stack of laminations, with this first unit of two individual stacks of laminations being directly adjacent to a second unit of two individual stacks of laminations, which are also arranged directly adjacent to one another and also their plate stacks have at the same circumferential positions of the overall laminated core, where however, the positions of the tab packs of the first unit are different than the positions of the tab packs of the second unit.

In particular, these positions of the plate packs of the first unit are different from the positions of the plate packs of the second unit and offset by substantially 90° to one another.

In an alternative embodiment, it is provided that tab packs of individual laminated cores are arranged at the same circumferential positions on the overall laminated core, with at least two individual laminated cores, the tab packs of which are arranged in the same circumferential positions on the overall laminated core, being separated axially by at least one further individual laminated core . In this way, the plate assemblies of the individual laminated cores, which are arranged in the same circumferential positions, do not overlap directly, but are spaced apart axially. In particular, the stator in this embodiment can be designed in such a way that plate stacks are arranged alternately one behind the other in the axial direction at the same circumferential positions of the overall laminated core. This means that at a defined circumferential position of the overall laminated core in the axial direction, a plate pack is arranged one behind the other on a first individual plate pack, no plate pack is arranged on the next individual plate pack, a plate pack is again arranged in the third individual plate pack and again in the fourth individual plate pack no plate assembly is arranged, etc.

In particular, the number of circumferential positions of the tabs of the laminations within a single lamination stack can be two. In this way, a minimum number of possible brackets per sheet metal is realized, which leads to a significant reduction in the required installation space and the weight of the laminated core. Accordingly, the weight of an electrical rotary machine including the stator can also be reduced as a result.

Furthermore, the stator is advantageously designed when the number of circumferential positions of the plate stacks on the overall laminated core is four. This allows axial bracing of the laminated cores with a very small number of straps, which ensures that the laminated cores or laminated cores are sufficiently parallel to one another.

Particularly in the last-mentioned embodiment, the circumferential positions of the plate stacks on the overall laminated core can be offset by essentially 90° in relation to one another. As a result, a symmetrical tension and thus sufficient parallelism of the laminations or laminations is achieved.

Furthermore, an opening can be formed in a respective bracket and a connecting element can be guided through the opening, with which the mechanical connection of the bracket stacks arranged in the same circumferential position on the overall laminated core is realized in the axial direction. In particular, this connecting element is designed in the form of a bolt, which makes it possible to achieve axial bracing of the laminated cores. At the same time or alternatively, the sleeve can serve to conduct a cooling fluid through the cavity of the sleeve for the purpose of cooling the stator.

In a further advantageous embodiment it is provided that by means of the mechanical connections of the plate stacks arranged in the same circumferential positions on the overall laminated core, a mechanical connection of the overall laminated core is also realized in the axial direction with end elements. A respective closing element can be designed as an essentially two-dimensional element which closes the stator in the axial direction. Such a closing element can also be referred to as a so-called shield. The mechanical connection of the overall laminated core with the closing elements provides at least a portion of the fixation of the laminated core in the axial direction.

A further embodiment of the stator comprises an overall laminated core, which has a plurality of individual laminated cores, with each individual laminated core comprising a plurality of laminates, each of which has radially projecting tabs for positioning and/or fixing the respective laminate and thus also the one having the respective laminate have individual laminated core. Tabs of the laminations within a single core are arranged in tab packs overlying each other along the axial direction in a number of circumferential positions. The overall laminated core has plate assemblies of the individual laminated cores in only two circumferential positions, with the plate assemblies arranged in the same circumferential position being mechanically connected to one another in the axial direction.

Another aspect is a rotary electric machine comprising a stator described.

• 1: ein Gesamt-Blechpaket gemäß dem Stand der Technik in perspektivischer Ansicht,
• 2: ein mit dem Gesamt-Blechpaket gemäß 1 ausgestatteter Stator in Schnittdarstellung,
• 3: ein Gesamt-Blechpaket erster Ausführungsform in perspektivischer Ansicht,
• 4: ein Gesamt-Blechpaket zweiter Ausführungsform in perspektivischer Ansicht, und
• 5: ein Gesamt-Blechpaket dritter Ausführungsform in perspektivischer Ansicht.

The invention described above is explained in detail below against the relevant technical background with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show preferred embodiments. The invention is carried out the purely schematic drawings are not limited in any way, it being noted that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not limited to the dimensions shown. It is shown in

• 1 : an overall laminated core according to the prior art in a perspective view,
• 2 : one according to the total sheet metal package 1 equipped stator in sectional view,
• 3 : an overall laminated core of the first embodiment in a perspective view,
• 4 : an overall laminated core of the second embodiment in a perspective view, and
• 5 : an overall laminated core of the third embodiment in a perspective view.

On the 1 and 2 was already received to explain the state of the art.

the 3-5 show different embodiments of the overall laminated core 20 of the stator, in which the overall laminated core 20 is composed of a plurality of individual laminated cores 10 in a manner similar to that described for the prior art. In these embodiments, too, the individual laminations 5 form tabs 6 protruding radially outwards, so that when a plurality of laminations 5 are stacked to form individual laminations 10 , the tabs 6 form tab packets 11 .

Through-openings 30 are also formed in the brackets 6 or bracket packs 11 for receiving sleeves or connecting elements, as have been described in relation to the prior art. With these fasteners can also be in the 3-5 In the illustrated embodiments, the individual laminated cores 10 are fixed axially to one another or connected to terminating elements, which are not shown separately here.

The in the 3-5 However, the illustrated embodiments differ in terms of the number of circumferential positions 50 on the respective individual laminated core 10 in relation to the number of circumferential positions 40 on the overall laminated core 20.

3 shows an embodiment in which a respective individual laminated core 10 forms a plate bundle 11 only at two circumferential positions 50 . However, due to the fact that the individual laminated cores 10 are arranged at an angular offset 70 of 90°, the total laminated core 20 composed of the individual laminated cores 10 has plate assemblies 11 and the openings 30 arranged therein at four circumferential positions 40. The plate assemblies 11 of the individual laminated cores 10 are arranged alternately along the axial direction in circumferential positions 50 offset by 90°.

As a result, the individual laminated cores 10 can be fixed to one another in a total of four circumferential positions 40 on the overall laminated core, so that optimal axial bracing is provided while ensuring sufficient parallelism of the individual laminated cores 10 .

in the in 4 The illustrated embodiment always has two individual laminated cores 60 arranged directly adjacent to one another on radially opposite sides of plate bundles 11 which axially overlap one another. This is how the in 4 In the illustrated embodiment of the overall laminated core 20, a first unit 61 is formed from two individual laminated cores 60 arranged directly adjacent to one another, the plate bundles 11 of which are located at the same circumferential positions 50, and a second unit 62 is formed from two individual laminated cores 60 arranged directly adjacent to one another, whose plate packets 11 are located at the same circumferential positions 50. However, the circumferential positions 50 of the plate assemblies 11 of the first unit 61 are arranged at an angular offset 70 of 90° in relation to the circumferential positions 50 of the plate assemblies 11 of the second unit.

This embodiment also forms a total of four circumferential positions 40 on the overall laminated core 20, in which tab bundles 11 are arranged and in which the individual laminated cores 10 can be fixed.

5 shows a special embodiment in which all of the individual laminated cores 10 only have tab bundles 11 at two circumferential positions 50 . All plate stacks 11 are arranged in the same circumferential positions 40 on the overall laminated core 20, so that the individual stacks of laminations 10 can only be fixed in the axial direction at two circumferential positions 40 on the overall laminated core. However, this embodiment has the advantage of reduced space requirements.

All embodiments of the overall laminated core shown here can as to 2 explained axially also be equipped with the first end element 80 and / or second end element 81.

The stator proposed here and the electric rotary machine equipped with it can be installed in a cost-effective manner with a small space requirement and low weight are manufactured and assembled within the permissible tolerances.

Reference List

1

stator

2

axis of rotation (axis of symmetry)

3

groove

4

winding head

5

sheet

6

tab

10

single sheet metal package

11

strap package

20

overall sheet metal package

30

opening

32

mechanical connection

33

sleeve

34

fastener

40

Circumferential position on the overall sheet metal package

50

Circumferential positions on the individual laminated core

60

individual laminated cores arranged directly adjacent to one another

61

first unit

62

second unit

70

angular misalignment

80

First closing element

81

second final element

Claims (10)

Stator (1) of an electrical rotary machine, comprising an overall laminated core (20) which has a plurality of individual laminated cores (10), each individual laminated core (10) comprising a plurality of laminates (5), each of which has radially projecting tabs (6 ) for positioning and/or fixing the respective metal sheet (5) and thus also the individual laminated core (10) containing the respective metal sheet (5), tabs (6) of the metal sheets (5) within an individual laminated core (10) running along one another the axial direction in a number of circumferential positions (50) are arranged superimposed in plate stacks (11), characterized in that the overall laminated core (20) in several circumferential positions (40) has plate stacks (11) of the individual laminated cores (10), wherein the number of circumferential positions (40) of the plate packets (11) on the overall laminated core (20) is greater than the number of circumferential positions (40) of the plate packets (11) on a respective individual laminated core ( 10), and the plate stacks (11) are mechanically connected to one another in the same circumferential positions (40) on the overall laminated core (20) in the axial direction. stator after claim 1 , characterized in that plate assemblies (11) of individual laminated cores (10) are arranged at the same circumferential positions (40) on the overall laminated core (20), the plate assemblies (11) of at least two individual laminated cores (60 ) superimpose along the axial direction. stator after claim 1 , characterized in that tab packs (11) of individual laminations (10) are arranged at the same circumferential positions (40) on the overall laminations (20), with at least two individual laminations (10) whose tab packs (11) are in the same circumferential positions ( 40) are arranged on the overall laminated core (20), are separated axially by at least one further individual laminated core (10). Stator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number of circumferential positions (50) of the tabs (6) of the laminations (5) within a single lamination stack (10) is two. Stator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number of circumferential positions (40) of the plate assemblies (11) on the overall laminated core (20) is four. stator after claim 5 , characterized in that the circumferential positions of the plate packs (11) on the overall laminated core (20) are offset by substantially 90° in relation to one another. Stator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an opening (30) is formed in a respective tab (6), and a connecting element (34) is guided through the opening (30), with which the mechanical connection (32) of the in the same circumferential position (40) on the overall laminated core (20) arranged plate assemblies (11) is realized in the axial direction. Stator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by means of the mechanical connections (32) of the plate stacks (11) arranged in the same circumferential positions (40) on the overall laminated core (20) there is also a mechanical connection of the overall laminated core (20) in is realized in the axial direction with end elements (80,81). Stator (1) of an electrical rotary machine, comprising an overall laminated core (20) which has a plurality of individual laminated cores (10), each individual laminated core (10) comprising a plurality of laminates (5), each of which has radially projecting tabs (6 ) for positioning and/or fixing the respective metal sheet (5) and thus also the individual laminated core (10) containing the respective metal sheet (5), tabs (6) of the metal sheets (5) within an individual laminated core (10) running along one another in the axial direction in a number of circumferential positions (50) are arranged superimposed in plate stacks (11), characterized in that the overall laminated core (20) has plate stacks (11) of the individual laminated stacks (10) in only two circumferential positions (40), and the plate assemblies (11) arranged in the same circumferential position (40) are mechanically connected to one another in the axial direction. A rotary electric machine comprising a stator according to any one of Claims 1 until 8th or 9 .

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