DE102020115098A1 - Spreadable hand prosthesis - Google Patents

Abstract

Finger element with at least one first pivot joint, at least parts of the finger element being pivotable about a first pivot axis of the first pivot joint, the finger element comprising at least one second pivot joint part which is suitable for forming a second pivot joint for a pivoting movement of the finger element about a second pivot axis and the second pivot axis is perpendicular to the first pivot axis.

Description

Field of invention

The invention relates to a metacarpal element for a hand prosthesis and to a hand prosthesis comprising a metacarpal element.

State of the art

Hand prostheses are used to simulate natural hands or their function of natural hands. In this case, hand prostheses have, for example, several finger elements which can have several finger phalanges. These finger elements can be moved, for example, via one or more electric motors. This motor can be positioned in the finger element, in particular in the first phalanx. The hand prosthesis can furthermore have a thumb element which comprises several thumb members. The finger elements and the thumb element can be connected to one another via a palm element. The finger elements and the thumb element can also be connected to a wrist element via the palm element. Hand prostheses can be adapted to the respective user. So different sizes and shapes of hand prostheses can be made. In addition, the shape of the left hand prosthesis differs from the right hand prosthesis in modern hand prostheses. The left hand prosthesis is often a mirror image of the right hand prosthesis.

task

The object of the invention is to enable a new and inventive hand prosthesis. Another object of the invention can be to make the hand prosthesis more robust.

Description of the invention

The object is achieved by a finger element according to the first independent claim and by a hand prosthesis according to the further independent claim.

In particular, the object can be achieved by a finger element with at least one first pivot joint, at least parts of the finger element being pivotable about a first pivot axis of the first pivot joint and the finger element comprising at least one second pivot joint part which is suitable for forming a second pivot joint, to a Pivoting movement of the finger element about a second pivot axis and the second pivot axis is perpendicular to the first pivot axis.

The finger element can therefore be pivoted in two directions. For example, the spreading of human fingers can be imitated.

The object can also be achieved by a finger element for connection to a hand prosthesis, the finger element comprising a swivel joint part which is suitable for forming a swivel joint, the swivel axis of the swivel joint being perpendicular to a main plane of the hand prosthesis.

The finger element preferably has a proximal phalanx and a distal phalanx and the first swivel joint is arranged between the proximal phalanx and the distal phalanx and thus simulates, for example, the metacarpophalangeal joint and / or the median and / or the metacarpal joint.

The finger element preferably has a base member and the first or a third pivot joint is arranged between the proximal finger member and the base member.

The pivot axis of the first pivot joint and the pivot axis of the third pivot joint are preferably at least approximately parallel.

The pivot joint part preferably has a projection on the base member with an opening for holding an axle element. The opening can, for example, be a bore with a round cross-section.

The finger element preferably has an electric motor.

The hand prosthesis preferably has a sleeve which has at least one flexible receptacle for a finger element and dampens the pivoting movement of the finger element. The shell can be designed to be completely or partially flexible. The sleeve can also be suitable for being pulled over the metacarpal of the hand prosthesis.

The hand prosthesis preferably has a finger frame element with a bore through which the axle element extends.

The damping of the pivotably mounted finger joint can also be achieved via an insert element that is located between the finger frame elements and the proximal finger elements. This insert alone can dampen the movement of the base phalanx achieve or in interaction with the elastic sheath of the hand prosthesis or the elastic sheath alone fulfills this task.

Figure list

Furthermore, the invention is described in more detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments with the aid of the drawings.

• 1 eine Handprothese,
• 2 eine Handprothese ohne Hülle von seitlich oben,
• 3 eine Handprothese ohne Hülle von oben,
• 4 eine Handprothese ohne Hülle von links,
• 5 eine Handprothese ohne Hülle von unten,
• 6 eine Handprothese ohne Hülle von rechts,
• 7 eine Handprothese als Explosionszeichnung
• 8 die Handprothese aus 7 als Explosionszeichnung von unten,
• 9 eine Handprothese als Explosionszeichnung mit verschiedenen
• Fingerrahmenelementen,
• 10 ein Mittelhandelement,
• 11 das Mittelhandelement aus 10 als Explosionszeichnung,
• 12 ein Mittelhandelement von vorne,
• 13 ein Mittelhandelement geöffnet von vorne,
• 14 eine Handprothese in einer Explosionsdarstellung mit Bewegungsdämpfern,
• 15 die Handprothese nach 14 in einer Seitenansicht,
• 16 die Handprothese nach 14 von unten,
• 17 ein Fingerelement in einer Schnittansicht.

Show:

• 1 a hand prosthesis,
• 2 a hand prosthesis without a cover from the side above,
• 3 a hand prosthesis without a cover from above,
• 4th a hand prosthesis without a cover from the left,
• 5 a hand prosthesis without a cover from below,
• 6th a hand prosthesis without a cover from the right,
• 7th a hand prosthesis as an exploded view
• 8th the prosthetic hand 7th as an exploded view from below,
• 9 a hand prosthesis as an exploded view with various
• Finger frame elements,
• 10 a metacarpal element,
• 11th the metacarpal element 10 as an exploded view,
• 12th a metacarpal element from the front,
• 13th a metacarpal element opened from the front,
• 14th a hand prosthesis in an exploded view with motion dampers,
• 15th the hand prosthesis 14th in a side view,
• 16 the hand prosthesis 14th from underneath,
• 17th a finger element in a sectional view.

1 shows a hand prosthesis 1 with a first finger element 2 , a second finger element 3 , a third finger element 4th and a fourth finger element 5 . The first finger element 2 has a first proximal phalanx 6th and a first distal phalanx 7th on. The first distal phalanx 7th can be pivoted via a first distal finger pivot joint 8th at a proximal end 9 of the first distal phalanx 7th with a distal end 10 of the first proximal phalanx 6th connected. One proximal end 11th of the first proximal phalanx 6th is by means of a first proximal finger pivot joint 12th with a first phalanx 13th (not shown here) connected.

The second finger element 3 has a second proximal phalanx 14th and a second distal phalanx 15th on. The second distal phalanx 15th can be pivoted via a second distal finger pivot joint 16 at a proximal end 17th of the second distal phalanx 15th with a distal end 18th of the second proximal phalanx 14th connected. One proximal end 19th of the second proximal phalanx 14th is by means of a second proximal finger swivel joint 20th with a second phalanx 21 (not shown here) connected.

The third finger element 4th has a third proximal phalanx 22nd and a third distal phalanx 23 on. The third distal phalanx 23 can be pivoted via a third distal finger pivot joint 24 at a proximal end 25th of the third distal phalanx 23 with a distal end 26th of the third proximal phalanx 22nd connected. One proximal end 27 of the third proximal phalanx 22nd is by means of a third proximal finger swivel joint 28 with a third phalanx 29 (not shown here) connected.

The fourth finger element 5 has a fourth proximal phalanx 30th and a fourth distal phalanx 31 on. The fourth distal phalanx 31 can be pivoted via a fourth distal finger pivot joint 32 at a proximal end 33 of the fourth distal phalanx 31 with a distal end 34 of the fourth proximal phalanx 31 connected. One proximal end 35 of the fourth proximal phalanx 30th is by means of a fourth proximal finger pivot joint 36 with a fourth phalanx 37 (not shown here) connected.

The hand prosthesis 1 further has a shell 38 on, which is made of a soft plastic such as silicone. The case 38 at least partially covers the proximal finger pivot joints 12th , 20th , 28 , 36 for example, to prevent an object from entering the proximal finger pivot 12th , 20th , 28 , 36 or between a palm element 200 and one of the proximal phalanges 6th , 14th , 22nd , 30th got.

The case 38 points in its distal area 39 four openings 39a, b, c, d. The first finger element protrudes 2 through a first opening 39 a, the second finger element 3 through the second opening 39b, the third finger element 4th through the third opening 39c and the fourth finger element 5 through the fourth opening 39d. The openings 39a, 39b, 39c, 39c can approximate the anatomical position of the metacarpophalangeal joints be arranged in a row. The openings 39a, b, c, d can be the corresponding finger element 2 , 3 , 4th , 5 at the proximal area and thus, for example, a movement of the proximal area with respect to the palm element 200 dampen or restrict. In particular, a pivoting movement of one or more of the finger elements 2 , 3 , 4th , 5 in a main plane of the palm element 200 through the shell 38 be dampened.

The hand prosthesis 1 further comprises a thumb element 40 on with a distal phalanx 41 and a proximal phalanx 42 . The thumb element 40 can also through an opening in the cover 38 be guided or the sheath 38 leaves out the thumb element so that the sheath 38 via the palm element 200 can be drawn.

Here is the distal phalanx 41 via a distal thumb pivot 43 with the proximal phalanx of the thumb 42 connected. The distal thumb pivot 43 is about a cap 44 covered. The cap 44 is approximately tubular with two opposing openings, the distal thumb phalanx 41 extends through the one opening and the proximal thumb phalanx 42 through the second opening. The cap 44 is so by the two thumb links 41 and 42 and the thumb pivot 43 held.

At the proximal end 45 the hand prosthesis 1 there is a wrist element 46 , which can be connected to an arm stump.

2 shows the prosthetic hand 1 without shell 38 from diagonally above. The hand prosthesis 1 includes a metacarpal element 47 , which with the wrist element 46 , a first finger frame element 48 , a second finger frame element 49 and the thumb element 40 connected is. The metacarpal element 47 is mirror symmetrical to the main axis 50 of the Mittelhandelement 47 . The main axis 50 of the Mittelhandelement 47 extends from proximal to distal.

The metacarpal element 47 has a connecting element 51 on to the connection of the hand center element 47 with the finger frame elements 48 , 49 . The connecting element 51 here comprises a bore through which a screw 52 is led.

The metacarpal element 47 includes a metacarpal cover 53 , which for example via the screw connection 54 , with a metacarpal primitive 55 connected is.

The metacarpal primitive 55 and / or the metacarpal cover 53 can be made at least partially from a rigid material such as metal, plastic and / or a composite material. In particular, the metacarpal base element 55 and / or the metacarpal cover 53 be at least partially transparent.

3 shows the prosthetic hand 1 from above without the shell 38 . 4th shows the prosthetic hand 1 from the right side. It can be seen that the finger frame element 48 and the finger frame member 49 via the connecting element 51 with the metacarpal element 47 especially the metacarpal element 55 connected is. The connecting element 51 includes the connecting sub-elements 56 , 57 , 58 , which are each designed as a hole here. Through the connecting sub-elements 56 , 57 , 58 are each one screw 52 , 59 , 60 guided.

5 shows the prosthetic hand 1 from the bottom. It can be seen that a thumb holding member 61 in a thumb shot 62 is held. The thumb recording 62 is mirror symmetrical to the main axis 50 so that the thumb joint 40 both from the right side and from the left side on the metacarpal element 47 can be attached.

6th shows the prosthetic hand 1 from the left. Here is the metacarpal cover 53 to recognize which one is on the metacarpal primordial element 55 is attached. It can also be seen that the finger frame elements 48 , 49 in parallel planes in particular parallel to the main plane of the palm element 200 extend and at the metacarpal primordial element 55 are attached.

7th and 8th show the prosthetic hand 1 in an exploded view. This includes the hand prosthesis 1 the basic wrist element 46 , which by means of a cylindrical projection 63 at the metacarpal primordial element 55 can be attached. This is where the head start 63 into an opening 64 which have a similar possibly slightly larger diameter than the protrusion 63 has introduced. Through holes, which from the outside through the metacarpal base element 55 on the opening 64 Are guided, screws can extend, which the projection 63 in the opening 64 hold and thus the wrist element 46 with the metacarpal primitive 55 associate.

The metacarpal primitive 55 has multiple threaded holes 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 on who is able to drill the holes 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 in the metacarpal cover 53 correspond. Through the holes 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 can put screws in the threaded holes 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 and so the metacarpal element 55 with the metacarpal cover 53 associate. It is between the metacarpal base 55 and the metacarpal cover 53 a seal 77 arranged, which the gap between the metacarpal base 55 and the metacarpal cover 53 sealed.

The seal 77 has an interruption in its distal area 201 which cables can be routed through. These cables can serve electrical signals to one or more motors to move one or more of the finger elements. The cables can also supply the motor or motors with power.

Next, the metacarpal base has 55 the connecting element 51 with the connecting part elements 56 , 57 , 58 on. These connecting sub-elements 56 , 57 , 58 are holes through which the screws 78 , 79 , 80 be guided. The arrangement of the connecting sub-elements 56 , 57 , 58 corresponds to the arrangement of the holes 81 , 82 , 83 of the first finger frame element 48 and the arrangement of the holes 84 , 85 , 86 of the second finger frame member 49 . The screws 78 , 79 , 80 can for example have a thread and in a thread of the bores 84 , 85 , 86 or 81 , 82 , 83 be held or connected to a nut on the opposite side, so that the first finger frame element between the screw head and the nut 48 , the metacarpal primitive 55 and the second finger frame member 49 being held. The metacarpal is the basic element 55 between the first finger frame member 48 and the second finger frame member 49 arranged.

The finger frame elements 48 , 49 each have four finger element holding bores in the distal area 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 or. 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 on. The finger element retaining holes 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 of the first finger frame element 48 have the same distance from one another as the finger element holding holes 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 .

At the proximal end of the finger elements 2 , 3 , 4th , 5 there is a first tongue in each case 95 , 97 , 99 , 101 and a second tongue 96 , 98 , 100 , 102 . The tongues each have an opening through each one of the screws 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 can be performed. The screws 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 have a cylindrical screw body provided wholly or partially with a thread and a screw head arranged at the end of the screw body. Next point the screws 103 , 104 , 105, 106 each have a nut that can be screwed onto the screw body or the thread is located in the finger frame element 48 in the holes 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 or in the finger frame element 49 in the holes 91 , 92 , 93 , 04.

The first finger frame element is in a use state 48 on top of the second tongues 96 , 98 , 100 , 102 on and the second finger frame element 49 on the underside of the first tongues 95 , 97 , 99 and 101 .

The first finger frame element 48 is thus between nuts, which in threaded holes 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 can be omitted and the second tongues 96 . 98, 100 102 arranged, the second finger frame element 49 between the screw heads and the first tongues 95 , 97 , 99 , 101 .

The finger elements 2 , 3 , 4th , 5 can be pivoted about an axis which is perpendicular to the plane of the finger frame elements 48 , 49 is and the main axes of the screws 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 is equivalent to. The pivoting movement can be carried out through the cover 38 be dampened. The phalanx of the respective finger element also comes 2 , 3 , 4th , 5 from a certain amplitude of the pivoting movement with one or both finger frame elements 48 , 49 in abutment so that the pivoting movement of the finger element 2 , 3 , 4th , 5 is limited. The maximum amplitude of the pivoting movement can depend on the position of the finger element 2 , 3 , 4th , 5 , so whether it is, for example, the first finger element 2 , is positioned according to the index finger or positioned according to the middle finger is of different sizes. The maximum amplitude of the pivoting movement in one direction can also differ from the maximum amplitude of the pivoting movement in the other direction. The neutral position of the finger elements is achieved by a finger guide or the openings 39a, 39b, 39c, 39d of the sleeve 38 given.

9 shows the prosthetic hand 1 in an exploded view with finger frame elements 48a, 48b, 48c, 48d, 48e, 49a, 49b, 49c, 49d, 49e of different sizes. It can be seen that the connecting elements for connecting the finger frame elements over the different sizes 48 , 49 remain the same with the metacarpal base element, in particular the position of the holes of the finger frame element corresponding to the connecting part elements 48 , 49 .

The second finger frame elements 49 a, b, c, d, e have different sizes and each have the stops to restrict the pivoting movement.

The first finger frame element 48 a is with the second finger frame element 49 a, the first finger frame element 48 b is with the second finger frame element 49 b etc. used.

10 shows a metacarpal element 47 , 11th shows the metacarpal element 47 in an exploded view. You can see the metacarpal cover 53 the one about screws 214 , 215 , 216 , 217 , 218 at the metacarpal primordial element 55 is attached. Between the metacarpal cover 53 and the metacarpal body 55 is a seal 219 , in particular a closed or open sealing ring is arranged. The metacarpal cover closes 53 together with the metacarpal primordial element 55 a volume 208 one that's a controller 209 houses. The control 209 can thus be protected from water.

12th shows the metacarpal element 47 in a closed state

13th shows the metacarpal element 47 in an exploded view.

Here is the metacarpal cover 53 recognizable together with the metacarpal element 55 . Between the metacarpal cover 53 and the metacarpal primordial element 55 is the seal 219 , in particular a sealing ring made of silicone, for example. The seal 219 has a cable grommet 221 which cables can be routed from the control to the outside. In the area of the cable entry, the seal 219 be interrupted and the cables passed through be covered with a water-insoluble gel. So can the volume 208 further sealed.

14th shows a hand prosthesis 1 with a movement damper 222. The movement damper 222 is between the base phalanges 13th , 21 , 29 , 31 and the finger frame member 48 , 49 held. The movement damper 222 is made of a flexible material such as rubber or silicone and lies on the phalanx 13th , 21 , 29 , 31 so that the phalanx 13th , 21 , 29 , 31 is urged into a neutral pivot position and a pivoting movement of the finger element 2 in the main plane of the prosthetic hand 1 (here drawing plane) is attenuated.

15th shows the prosthetic hand 1 after 14th of the page,

16 shows the prosthetic hand 1 after 14th from underneath

17th shows a finger element 2 in a sectional view. The finger element comprises 2 the distal phalanx 6th , the proximal phalanx 7th and the phalanx 13th . The proximal phalanx shows 7th a case 210 on, in which an electric motor 211 with a subsequent transmission 212 is housed. The shell also has a water-insoluble gel 220 on which the electric motor 211 and the transmission 212 at least partially encloses and so at least the electric motor 211 watertight.

The gel 220 can be in a liquid form of the shell 210 be fed while the electric motor is running 211 and the transmission 212 is already in the case. The gel 220 can then harden and so does the shell 210 Seal watertight and / or dustproof at least in sections.

List of reference symbols

1

Hand prosthesis

2

first finger element

3

second finger element

4th

third finger element

5

fourth finger element

6th

first proximal phalanx

7th

first distal phalanx

8th

first distal swivel finger joint

9

proximal end of the first distal phalanx

10

distal end of the first proximal phalanx

11th

proximal end of the first proximal phalanx

12th

first proximal swivel finger joint

13th

first phalanx

14th

second proximal phalanx

15th

second distal phalanx

16

second distal finger swivel joint

17th

proximal end of the second distal phalanx

18th

distal end of the second proximal phalanx

19th

proximal end of the second proximal phalanx

20th

second proximal finger swivel joint

21

second phalanx

22nd

third proximal phalanx

23

third distal phalanx

24

third distal finger swivel joint

25th

proximal end of the third distal phalanx

26th

distal end of the third proximal phalanx

27

proximal end of the third proximal phalanx

28

third proximal pivot joint

29

third phalanx

30th

fourth proximal phalanx

31

fourth distal phalanx

32

fourth distal finger swivel joint

33

proximal end of the fourth distal phalanx

34

distal end of the fourth proximal phalanx

35

proximal end of the fourth proximal phalanx

36

fourth proximal finger swivel joint

37

fourth phalanx

38

covering

39

distal area of the sheath

40

Thumb element

41

distal phalanx

42

proximal phalanx

43

distal thumb pivot

44

cap

45

proximal end of the prosthetic hand

46

Wrist element

47

Metacarpal element

48

first finger frame element

49

second finger frame element

50

Main axis of the middle trade element

51

Connecting element

52

screw

53

Metacarpal cover

54

Screw connection

55

Metacarpal primitive

56

Connecting part element

57

Connecting part element

58

Connecting part element

59

screw

60

screw

61

Thumb retainer

62

Thumb recording

63

head Start

64

opening

65

Threaded holes

66

Threaded holes

67

Threaded holes

68

Threaded holes

69

Threaded holes

70

Threaded holes

71

drilling

72

drilling

73

drilling

74

drilling

75

drilling

76

drilling

77

poetry

78

screw

79

screw

80

screw

81

drilling

82

drilling

83

drilling

84

drilling

85

drilling

86

drilling

87

Finger element retaining hole

88

Finger element retaining hole

89

Finger element retaining hole

90

Finger element retaining hole

91

Finger element retaining hole

92

Finger element retaining hole

93

Finger element retaining hole

94

Finger element retaining hole

95

first tongue

96

second tongue

97

first tongue

98

second tongue

99

first tongue

100

second tongue

101

first tongue

102

second tongue

103

screw

104

screw

105

screw

106

screw

103

screw

200

Palm element

201

Break in the seal

202

screw

203

screw

204

screw

205

screw

206

screw

207

screw

208

volume

209

steering

210

covering

211

Electric motor

212

transmission

213

screw

214

screw

215

screw

216

screw

217

screw

218

screw

219

poetry

220

gel

221

Cable entry

Claims (10)

Finger element with at least one first pivot joint, at least parts of the finger element being pivotable about a first pivot axis of the first pivot joint, characterized in that the finger element comprises at least one second pivot joint part which is suitable for forming a second pivot joint for a pivoting movement of the finger element a second pivot axis and the second pivot axis is perpendicular to the first pivot axis. Finger element according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the finger element has a proximal phalanx and a distal phalanx and the first pivot joint is arranged between the proximal phalanx and the distal phalanx. Finger element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the finger element has a base member and the first or a third pivot joint is arranged between the proximal finger member and the base member. Finger element according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the pivot axis of the first pivot joint and the pivot axis of the second pivot joint are at least approximately parallel. Finger element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pivot joint part has a projection on the base member with an opening for holding an axle element. Finger element according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the finger element has an electric motor. Hand prosthesis with a finger element according to one of the preceding claims. Hand prosthesis according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the hand prosthesis has a damping element which is arranged between the finger frame element and the base member and / or has a sleeve which has at least one flexible receptacle for a finger element and the receptacle dampens the pivoting movement of the finger element. Hand prosthesis according to one of the preceding Claims 7 or 8th , characterized in that the hand prosthesis has a finger frame element which has a bore through which the axle element extends. Finger element for connection to a hand prosthesis, the finger element comprising a swivel joint part which is suitable for forming a swivel joint, the swivel axis of the swivel joint being perpendicular to a main plane of the hand prosthesis.

Images