DE102020002924A1 - Process for the production and regeneration of a tool made of cast iron - Google Patents
Process for the production and regeneration of a tool made of cast iron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102020002924A1 DE102020002924A1 DE102020002924.8A DE102020002924A DE102020002924A1 DE 102020002924 A1 DE102020002924 A1 DE 102020002924A1 DE 102020002924 A DE102020002924 A DE 102020002924A DE 102020002924 A1 DE102020002924 A1 DE 102020002924A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cast iron
- generative
- areas
- regeneration
- production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P6/00—Restoring or reconditioning objects
- B23P6/04—Repairing fractures or cracked metal parts or products, e.g. castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
- B22F2007/068—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts repairing articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/06—Cast-iron alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
- B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung und Regenerierung eines Werkzeugs aus Eisenguss. Bei einem Verfahren, bei welchem eine Rissfreiheit des Werkzeuges gewährleistet wird, werden Formbereiche mittels einem generativen Verfahren auf einem aus Eisenguss bestehenden Grundkörper des Werkzeugs aufgetragen, wobei vor dem generativen Auftrag eine weiche nickelhaltige Pufferlage aufgeschweißt und/oder der generative Auftrag warm durch Klopfen oder Hämmern beaufschlagt wird.The invention relates to a method for producing and regenerating a tool made of cast iron. In a method in which the tool is free from cracks, molded areas are applied by means of a generative method to a base body of the tool consisting of cast iron, a soft nickel-containing buffer layer being welded on before the generative application and / or the generative application being warm by tapping or hammering is applied.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung und Regenerierung eines Werkzeugs aus Eisenguss.The invention relates to a method for producing and regenerating a tool made of cast iron.
Aus der
Die
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung und Regenerierung eines Werkzeugs aus Eisenguss anzugeben, mit welchem auf einem Grundkörper aus Eisenguss ein Auftrag mit beliebiger Höhe rissfrei ausgebildet werden kann.The object of the invention is to provide a method for the production and regeneration of a tool made of cast iron, with which a job of any height can be formed without cracks on a base made of cast iron.
Die Erfindung ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche. Weitere Merkmale, Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, sowie der Erläuterung von Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung.The invention results from the features of the independent claims. Advantageous further developments and refinements are the subject of the dependent claims. Further features, possible applications and advantages of the invention result from the following description and the explanation of exemplary embodiments of the invention.
Die Aufgabe ist mit einem Verfahren dadurch gelöst, dass Formbereiche mittels einem generativen Verfahren auf einem aus Eisenguss bestehenden Grundkörper des Werkstücks aufgetragen werden, wobei vor dem generativen Auftrag eine weiche nickelhaltige Pufferlage aufgeschweißt und/oder der generative Auftrag warm durch Klopfen oder Hämmern beaufschlagt wird. Dadurch wird ein Werkzeug geschaffen, das einen Grundkörper aus Eisenguss und darauf befindliche Formbereiche aufweist, bei dem die Formbereiche mit makroskopisch großen Höhen rissfrei ausgebildet sind. Der Auftrag hat dabei die Qualität eines neuen Gusses. Auf die Erstellung eines neuen Grundkörpers aus Eisenguss kann somit verzichtet werden. Durch eine Kombination der beiden angegebenen Verfahrensschritte wird die rissfreie Ausbildung der Formbereiche in großen Höhen verstärkt.The object is achieved with a method in that shaped areas are applied by means of a generative method to a base body of the workpiece consisting of cast iron, a soft nickel-containing buffer layer being welded on prior to the generative application and / or the generative application being applied warm by tapping or hammering. This creates a tool that has a base body made of cast iron and mold areas located thereon, in which the mold areas with macroscopically large heights are designed to be crack-free. The order has the quality of a new cast. It is therefore not necessary to create a new cast iron base body. A combination of the two specified process steps reinforces the crack-free formation of the molded areas at great heights.
Vorteilhafterweise wird für die Ausbildung der Formbereiche ein Material mit gleicher oder größerer Härte als Eisenguss verwendet. Es bietet sich ein Material mit einer Härte von 55 HRC an.A material with the same or greater hardness than cast iron is advantageously used to form the shaped areas. A material with a hardness of 55 HRC is recommended.
Alternativ wird für die Ausbildung der Formbereiche ein Material mit geringerer Härte als Eisenguss verwendet. So kann ein Material mit einer Härte von 35 HRC eingesetzt werden.Alternatively, a material with a lower hardness than cast iron is used to form the mold areas. A material with a hardness of 35 HRC can be used.
In einer Ausgestaltung wird als generatives Verfahren ein 3D-Druckverfahren eingesetzt. Mittels des 3D-Druckverfahrens werden Werkzeuge mit hoher Präzision und Haltbarkeit hergestellt.In one embodiment, a 3D printing process is used as the generative process. The 3D printing process is used to manufacture tools with high precision and durability.
In einer Variante werden die Formbereiche mit einer Dicke ausgebildet, die mehr als 3 mm beträgt. Die Formbereiche bleiben somit auch bei einer beliebigen Höhe rissfrei.In a variant, the shaped areas are formed with a thickness that is more than 3 mm. The molded areas therefore remain crack-free even at any height.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der zumindest ein Ausführungsbeispiel im Einzelnen beschrieben ist. Beschriebene Merkmale können für sich oder in beliebiger, sinnvoller Kombination den Gegenstand der Erfindung bilden, gegebenenfalls auch unabhängig von den Ansprüchen, und können insbesondere zusätzlich auch Gegenstand einer oder mehrerer separater Anmeldung/en sein.Further advantages, features and details result from the following description, in which at least one exemplary embodiment is described in detail. Described features can form the subject matter of the invention individually or in any meaningful combination, possibly also independently of the claims, and can in particular also be the subject of one or more separate applications.
Im Weiteren soll ein Ausführungsbeispiel für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erläutert werden. Das herzustellende Werkstück weist einen Grundkörper aus hochkohlenstoffhaltigem Grauguss auf, auf welchem die, ein zukünftiges Werkstück herstellenden Formbereiche mit einer makroskopischen Höhe größer als 3 mm aufgetragen werden. Diese Formbereiche werden durch ein Laserschweißen einer weichen nickelhaltigen Pufferlage aufgebracht, wobei anschließend ein Aufbringen einer Decklage durch einen 3D-Laserdruck erfolgt. Das durch den 3D-Laserdruck aufgebrachte Material kann dabei weich sein und eine Härte von 35 HRC aufweisen oder auch hart sein und eine Härte von 55 HRC besitzen.An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is to be explained below. The workpiece to be produced has a base body made of high-carbon gray cast iron, on which the shaped areas producing a future workpiece are applied with a macroscopic height greater than 3 mm. These shaped areas are applied by laser welding a soft, nickel-containing buffer layer, and then a cover layer is applied using 3D laser printing. The material applied by 3D laser printing can be soft and have a hardness of 35 HRC or can also be hard and have a hardness of 55 HRC.
In einer Alternative wird ein höherer Auftrag (über 3 mm) der Formbereiche dadurch realisiert, dass auf den aus Grauguss bestehenden Grundkörper zunächst geschweißt wird und anschließend die noch warme Schweißraupe durch Klopfen oder Hämmern beaufschlagt wird. Dadurch werden Druckeigenspannungen in das Material eingebracht, wodurch den Zugspannungen beim durch das Erkalten verursachten Schrumpfen des Materials entgegengewirkt wird. Das Klopfteil lässt sich dabei möglichst an einem Roboterkopf befestigen.In an alternative, a higher order (over 3 mm) of the shaped areas is realized by first welding onto the base body made of gray cast iron and then applying heat to the still warm bead by knocking or hammering. As a result, residual compressive stresses are introduced into the material, which counteracts the tensile stresses when the material shrinks due to cooling. The tapping part can be attached to a robot head if possible.
Um die Rissfestigkeit der aus einem höheren Auftrag gebildeten Formbereiche zu verbessern, können die beiden beschriebenen Verfahrensschritte auch kombiniert werden.In order to improve the crack resistance of the molded areas formed from a higher order, the two process steps described can also be combined.
Obwohl die Erfindung im Detail durch bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele näher illustriert und erläutert wurde, so ist die Erfindung nicht durch die offenbarten Beispiele eingeschränkt und andere Variationen können vom Fachmann hieraus abgeleitet werden, ohne den Schutzumfang der Erfindung zu verlassen. Es ist daher klar, dass eine Vielzahl von Variationsmöglichkeiten existiert. Es ist ebenfalls klar, dass beispielhaft genannte Ausführungsformen wirklich nur Beispiele darstellen, die nicht in irgendeiner Weise als Begrenzung etwa des Schutzbereichs, der Anwendungsmöglichkeiten oder der Konfiguration der Erfindung aufzufassen sind. Vielmehr versetzen die vorhergehende Beschreibung und die Figurenbeschreibung den Fachmann in die Lage, die beispielhaften Ausführungsformen konkret umzusetzen, wobei der Fachmann in Kenntnis des offenbarten Erfindungsgedankens vielfältige Änderungen beispielsweise hinsichtlich der Funktion oder der Anordnung einzelner, in einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform genannter Elemente vornehmen kann, ohne den Schutzbereich zu verlassen, der durch die Ansprüche und deren rechtliche Entsprechungen, wie etwa weitergehenden Erläuterung in der Beschreibung, definiert wird.Although the invention has been illustrated and explained in more detail by means of preferred exemplary embodiments, the invention is not restricted by the disclosed examples and other variations can be derived therefrom by a person skilled in the art are derived without departing from the scope of the invention. It is therefore clear that there are a variety of possible variations. It is also clear that exemplary embodiments really only represent examples, which should not be interpreted in any way as a limitation of the scope, the possible applications or the configuration of the invention. Rather, the preceding description and the description of the figures enable the person skilled in the art to specifically implement the exemplary embodiments, the person skilled in the art having knowledge of the disclosed inventive concept being able to make numerous changes, for example with regard to the function or the arrangement of individual elements mentioned in an exemplary embodiment, without the To leave the scope of protection, which is defined by the claims and their legal equivalents, such as further explanation in the description.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturPatent literature cited
- DE 10137776 C1 [0002]DE 10137776 C1 [0002]
- DE 102013213752 A1 [0003]DE 102013213752 A1 [0003]
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102020002924.8A DE102020002924A1 (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Process for the production and regeneration of a tool made of cast iron |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102020002924.8A DE102020002924A1 (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Process for the production and regeneration of a tool made of cast iron |
Publications (1)
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DE102020002924A1 true DE102020002924A1 (en) | 2020-07-23 |
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DE102020002924.8A Withdrawn DE102020002924A1 (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Process for the production and regeneration of a tool made of cast iron |
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Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10137776C1 (en) | 2001-08-02 | 2003-04-17 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Process for the production of wear-resistant surface layers |
DE102013213752A1 (en) | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-15 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method for producing a tool for processing sheet metal and tools |
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2020
- 2020-05-15 DE DE102020002924.8A patent/DE102020002924A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10137776C1 (en) | 2001-08-02 | 2003-04-17 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Process for the production of wear-resistant surface layers |
DE102013213752A1 (en) | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-15 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method for producing a tool for processing sheet metal and tools |
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R083 | Amendment of/additions to inventor(s) | ||
R230 | Request for early publication | ||
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Owner name: DAIMLER AG, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: DAIMLER AG, 70372 STUTTGART, DE |
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R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |