DE102020000428A1 - Component composite and motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A component composite is described with a first component and at least one second component which are welded to one another along a joining zone, the first component having a first joining area and the second component having a second joining area, a first joining area and a second joining area each consisting of Made of metal, a fiber structure being introduced and welded between the first joining area and the second joining area.

Description

A component assembly and a motor vehicle are described.

Component assemblies and motor vehicles of the type mentioned at the beginning are known in the prior art.

Component groups are objects that are composed of several individual components. A composite component can consist of two interconnected components.

Many different types of connections are known in the art. These are generally classified into material, frictional and positive connections. Welded connections belong to the class of material connections, especially when the components to be connected are made of metal. In the case of welded metallic component composites, it is known that welding, in which a large amount of energy is introduced into a very small area in order to liquefy metal, can cause local changes in the structural structure of the components, which can impair the strength of the component composite. With build-up welding, in which a molten welding material is applied, there is also the fact that the welding material used can consist of a different material than the components to be connected and often has a different strength than the components to be welded. Therefore, welded connections often represent weak points which fail first when a maximum tolerable load is exceeded.

A large number of metallic components can usually be found in motor vehicles for individual road traffic, especially on load-bearing structures. These are usually composed of several individual components and welded to form complex component assemblies. It is currently necessary to thicken the component assemblies accordingly in the joining areas in order to produce the necessary strength through a higher material thickness. However, this changes both the vibration behavior and the weight. Alternatively, the joining areas can be positioned in areas of low mechanical stress, which reduces the freedom of design.

From the DE 10 2015 108 266 A1 an active pad for an interior trim surface of a motor vehicle is known. The cushion has an outer molded trim panel with a closed joint area on an inside surface. An expandable molding bladder member with a central attachment region configured for attachment to a support structure of the vehicle has an adhesive flange along a peripheral edge and a baffle portion between the central attachment portion and the adhesive flange. The closed connection area and the adhesive flange are configured to define a substantially closed annular section therebetween. A fastener body is formed in place to substantially fill the annular area. As a result of the on-site formation of the fastening body in the annular region, the trim panel and the bladder element are connected via the fastening body, resulting in high bonding strength.

Thus, the task arises of developing component assemblies and motor vehicles of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that more stable component assemblies are possible with lower weight.

The object is achieved by a component assembly according to claim 1 and a motor vehicle according to the independent claim 10. Further refinements and developments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

A component composite is described with a first component and at least one second component which are welded together along a joining zone, the first component having a first joining area and the second component having a second joining area, the first joining area and the second joining area each being made of metal , a fiber structure being introduced and welded between the first joining area and the second joining area.

By introducing the fiber structure into the joining area, it is possible to absorb forces via the fiber structure when the welded connection is subjected to expansion, whereby a corresponding welded connection is more stable than a conventional welded connection without a fiber structure. This can prevent the formation of cracks in the weld seam. Highly stressed welded connections are possible, which can be implemented with connections with all weldable metallic materials. This increases the service life of the weld without having to make structural changes to the components in the area of the welded joint.

The introduction of a fiber structure into the joining areas can be implemented with all conventional fusion welding processes.

Another advantage is that, due to the higher strength of the welded connection, a reduction in the connection area is possible, that is, with shorter weld seam lengths and / or Welding depths are worked. This further reduces the plant costs, since smaller welding devices can be used, and at the same time the production costs, since the cycle times decrease. A corresponding component assembly can be designed more easily than a conventional component assembly.

In a first further embodiment it can be provided that the fiber structure is a fiber network or a fiber fabric.

A fiber network has the advantage that it is very thin and can therefore be inserted between the components in the joint area without problems and without structural changes. A fiber fabric has the advantage that it has many fibers that can transmit force. A corresponding component composite is thus more stable.

In a further refinement, it can be provided that the weld is produced by autoclave welding or a fusion welding process.

A corresponding fusion welding process is e.g. Laser welding.

The use of fiber structures is very possible both for build-up welding and for fusion welding.

In a further refinement, it can be provided that the fiber structure is introduced in several layers.

By introducing the fiber structure in several layers, higher stability can be achieved. The layers do not have to be parallel.

In a further refinement, it can be provided that the fiber structure comprises silicon carbide and / or tungsten carbide.

Both silicon carbide and tungsten carbide have higher temperature strengths and higher tensile strengths than metals normally used in the automotive sector. Fiber structures made from the aforementioned materials can thus significantly increase the stability of corresponding component assemblies.

In a further refinement, it can be provided that the fiber structure has a higher tensile strength than the materials to be welded.

This allows the crack resistance of a corresponding component weld to be increased.

In a further refinement, provision can be made for a first component and a second component to be welded to an overlap joint by means of an I-seam, the fiber structure being introduced into a component opening of the first component.

The fiber structure can be introduced into the component opening during the assembly or positioning of the components with respect to one another, in many cases without the need for further fixing.

In a further refinement, it can be provided that a first component and a second component are connected by means of a fillet weld, the fiber structure being inserted between the first component and the second component.

Fillet welds are exposed to particularly high shear forces. Therefore, the use of a fibrous structure can be particularly useful in fillet weld joints.

In a further refinement, it can be provided that a first component and a second component are connected to one another by means of a butt joint, the fiber structure being placed on the first component and the second component on a weld side.

Laying on the fiber structure enables it to be positioned, generally without the need to fix the fiber structure in the pre-assembly process.

Depending on the technical and aesthetic requirements, protruding fibers can be removed after the welding process.

A first independent subject relates to a motor vehicle with at least one composite component of the type described above.

Further advantages, features and details emerge from the following description in which at least one exemplary embodiment is described in detail - possibly with reference to the drawing. Identical, similar and / or functionally identical parts are provided with the same reference symbols.

• 1a, b einen Bauteilverbund in einer ersten Ausführungsform mit zwei Bauteilen, die mittels einer I-Naht miteinander verschweißt werden;
• 2 einen Bauteilverbund in einer zweiten Ausführungsform mit zwei Bauteilen, die mittels einer Kehlnaht miteinander verschweißt werden;
• 3 einen Bauteilverbund in einer dritten Ausführungsform mit zwei Bauteilen, die mittels einer Stumpfstoßnaht miteinander verschweißt werden, sowie
• 4 ein Bauteilverbund mit eingebrachter Faserstruktur in einer Rissbrücke.

They show schematically:

• 1a, b a component composite in a first embodiment with two components that are welded to one another by means of an I-seam;
• 2 a component composite in a second embodiment with two components which are welded to one another by means of a fillet weld;
• 3 a component composite in a third embodiment with two components which are welded to one another by means of a butt joint, and
• 4th a composite component with an inserted fiber structure in a crack bridge.

1a shows a composite component 2 , in which a first component 4th with a second component 6th be welded.

The welding should be done as an I-seam. The first component 4th has a first joining area 8th on. The second component 6th has a second joining area 10 on. The first joining area 8th is through a component opening 12 in the first component 4th specified.

Before welding, a first fiber network is created 14th into the component opening 12 of the first component 4th inserted. A second fiber network 16 is between first component 4th and second component 6th placed.

Then the first component 4th and second component 6th correctly positioned to each other and, as in 1b shown, welded together. A weld 18th that go into the component opening 12 is introduced in the build-up welding process, creates a material connection between the first component 4th , the second component 6th as well as the fiber networks 14th , 16 here. Shear forces between the first component 4th and the second component 6th are over the weld 18th as well as the fiber networks 14th , 16 transfer.

The fiber networks 14th , 16 are made from silicon carbide, which has a higher tensile strength than the metals that make up the first component 4th and the second component 6th and in addition a higher tensile strength than the material of the weld seam 18th . Thus, the fiber networks 14th , 16 the tensile strength and thus the shear strength of the component connection between the first component 4th and the second component 6th increase. Silicon carbide is also resistant to high temperatures and does not lose its structure or strength at normal welding temperatures.

2 shows a composite component 20th in a second embodiment.

A first component 22nd and a second component 24 are connected to one another by means of a fillet weld. A first joining area 26th of the first component 22nd represents an end face of the first component 22nd represents a second joining area 28 of the second component 24 is arranged on a component surface.

A fiber network 30th is between the first component 22nd and the second component 24 inserted and by means of a weld seam 32 , which is applied in the build-up welding process.

3 shows a third embodiment with a composite component 34 .

The component composite 34 is created by a butt joint welding. To do this, a first component 36 and a second component 38 welded together. A first joining area 40 of the first component 36 is through an end face of the first component 36 Are defined. A second joining area 42 of the second component 38 is also through an end face of the second component 38 Are defined.

A fiber network 44 is from above onto the first component 36 and second component 38 laid on and with a weld seam 46 shrink wrapped.

The component assemblies according to 1b , 2 and 3 can be produced with a fusion welding process - especially with the laser welding process.

4th shows a composite component 48 , in which a fiber structure 50 in a crack bridge 52 you can see.

The crack bridge 52 was caused by overload. The fiber structure 50 bridges the crack bridge and increases the stability of the component composite 48 since forces that the crack bridge 52 caused by the fiber structure 50 be directed.

Although the invention has been illustrated and explained in more detail by preferred exemplary embodiments, the invention is not restricted by the disclosed examples and other variations can be derived therefrom by the person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the invention. It is therefore clear that there is a multitude of possible variations. It is also clear that embodiments cited by way of example really only represent examples that are not to be interpreted in any way as a limitation, for example, of the scope of protection, the possible applications or the configuration of the invention. Rather, the preceding description and the description of the figures enable the person skilled in the art to implement the exemplary embodiments in concrete terms, whereby the person skilled in the art, with knowledge of the disclosed inventive concept, can make various changes, for example with regard to the function or the arrangement of individual elements mentioned in an exemplary embodiment, without leaving the scope of protection that is defined by the claims and their legal equivalents, such as a more detailed explanation in the description.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102015108266 A1 [0006]

Claims (10)

Component composite, with a first component (4, 22, 36) and at least one second component (6, 24, 38) which are welded to one another along a joining zone (8, 10, 26, 28, 40, 42), the first Component (4, 22, 36) has a first joining area (8, 26, 40) and the second component (6, 24, 38) has a second joining area (10, 28, 42), the first joining area (8, 26, 40) and second joining area (10, 28, 42) each consist of metal, characterized in that between the first joining area (8, 26, 40) and the second joining area (10, 28, 42) a fiber structure (14, 16, 30, 44) is introduced and welded. Component composite according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the fiber structure is a fiber network (14, 16, 30, 44) or a fiber fabric. Component composite according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the weld is produced by a fusion welding process or build-up welding is used. Component composite according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber structure (14, 16, 30, 44) is introduced in several layers. Component composite according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber structure (14, 16, 30, 44) comprises silicon carbide and / or tungsten carbide. Component composite according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber structure (14, 16, 30, 44) has a higher tensile strength than the materials to be welded. Component composite according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first component (4) and the second component (6) are welded to an overlap joint by means of an I-seam (18), the fiber structure (14, 16) being inserted into a component opening (12) of the first component (4) is introduced. Component composite according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first component (22) and second component (24) are connected by means of a fillet weld (32), the fiber structure (30) being inserted between the first component (22) and the second component (24) is. Component composite according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first component (36) and the second component (38) are connected to one another by means of a butt joint (46), the fiber structure (44) on the first component (36) and the second component (38) ) is placed on one welding side. Motor vehicle with at least one composite component (2, 20, 34) according to one of the preceding claims.

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