DE102019202201A1 - Method and device for controlling an energy transfer between a charging station of an electrical supply network and an energy store of an electrical vehicle on-board network - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device (10) for controlling a transmission of electrical energy between a charging station (L) of an electrical supply network (E) and an energy store (B) of an on-board electrical system of a connection device (A) to the charging station ( L) connected vehicle (1). The method comprises: detecting (S3) control signals which are modulated onto a supply voltage of the electrical supply network (E) received (S1) via the connection device (A) from the vehicle (1); Evaluating (S5) the detected control signals to form control commands; Controlling (S6) the transmission of electrical energy as a function of the control commands formed. In order to increase the performance of such a ripple control technology and to ensure an interpretation of the received control signals that is as error-free as possible, the method further comprises a detection (S2) of a position of the vehicle (1), the evaluation (S5) of the detected control signals as a function of the detected Position of the vehicle (1) is carried out.

Description

The present invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device according to the preamble of claim 7.

Such a method and such a device, which can be used, for example, when charging electric or hybrid vehicles at charging stations, are known from the prior art (cf. e.g. EP 2 909 911 B1 , Paragraphs 0001 to 0007).

• - Erfassen von Steuersignalen, die einer über die Anschlusseinrichtung vom Fahrzeug empfangenen Versorgungsspannung des elektrischen Versorgungsnetzes aufmoduliert sind,
• - Auswerten der erfassten Steuersignale zur Bildung von Steuerbefehlen,
• - Steuern der Übertragung von elektrischer Energie in Abhängigkeit von den gebildeten Steuerbefehlen.

The known method for controlling a transmission of electrical energy between a charging station of an electrical supply network and an energy store of an on-board electrical system of a vehicle connected to the charging station via a connection device has the following steps:

• - Acquisition of control signals that are modulated onto a supply voltage of the electrical supply network received from the vehicle via the connection device,
• - Evaluation of the recorded control signals to generate control commands,
• - Controlling the transmission of electrical energy as a function of the control commands formed.

Such a method is also generally referred to as “ripple control technology” in the prior art. In this case, ripple control transmitters arranged at suitable points in the electrical supply network are used, by means of which the control signals are generated and modulated (superimposed) on the electrical supply voltage in the area of the transmitter.

The problem here can be, for example, that interference signals superimposed on the supply voltage may be misinterpreted as control signals by the vehicle.

Furthermore, z. B. problematic that in addition to the control signals provided for the vehicle, which are fed by a regional operator of the electrical supply network, other control signals can reach the vehicle via the (coherent) electrical supply network that are actually used for electrical equipment or vehicles in in a completely different region (and fed in by another regional operator of the electrical supply network).

Different regional network operators corresponding to different regions of the electrical supply network often use different types of control signals (e.g. specific pulse trains, etc.) in order to use them to encode specific control commands.

In this respect there is, for example, the risk that the vehicle will not correctly interpret a control signal that is not intended for this vehicle or B. is incorrectly evaluated for the formation of control commands.

Another disadvantage of the known methods and devices is that the control signals fed into the supply network for a specific region are always used to control all energy transmissions of the vehicles connected to charging stations in this region (in which the control signals are received).

It is an object of the present invention to avoid the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and in particular to show a way with which the performance of the ripple control technology in vehicles can be increased and the received control signals can be interpreted more reliably or as error-free as possible by the vehicles .

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and a device according to claim 7, respectively. The dependent claims relate to advantageous developments of the invention.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises a position of the vehicle being detected, and the evaluation of the control signals detected is carried out as a function of the detected position of the vehicle.

In one embodiment, the control signals are detected using a voltage measuring device for measuring the supply voltage received from the vehicle via the connection device.

A voltage measuring device, which is often provided anyway in vehicles of the type of interest here, can thus advantageously also be used for this purpose for detecting the control signals. It is only necessary to ensure, for example by slightly adapting an existing voltage measuring device, that the voltage measurement carried out with it takes place with a sufficiently high time resolution to be able to “follow the control signals” or to record them with sufficient accuracy.

In one embodiment, based on the detected position of the vehicle from a A plurality of assignments between control signals and control commands, a specific assignment to be used in the evaluation of the detected control signals is selected.

The plurality of assignments can e.g. B. correspond to a plurality of those assignments that are provided for the coding of control commands from different regional supply network operators. The position of the vehicle detected in the invention can in this case be used to select the assignment between control signals and control commands that is used by the network operator in whose (e.g. geographically defined) region the vehicle is currently located.

Here is an example: On board the vehicle, for example in a digital memory unit of an electronic control unit, all assignments between control signals and control commands can be stored that are used by the many regional supply network operators in a larger geographical area (e.g. Europe) to control electrical consumers or the vehicles of the type of interest here (e.g. electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles). If the case now occurs that different control signals (fed in by different supply network operators) are recorded by a vehicle at the same time, the vehicle can always select the "correct" assignment using the recorded vehicle position and take it into account when evaluating the recorded control signals, regardless of which one The vehicle is currently located in the larger area mentioned.

The assignments can be B. be stored in the form of one or more tables, e.g. E.g. one table for each (regional) network operator in which certain control signals or control signal characteristics such as certain time intervals or pulse frequencies are assigned to a certain control command (e.g. "no loading" or "no unloading" etc.). Since the vehicle “knows” where it is locally, the control signals received can be correctly interpreted and converted into control commands by selecting the appropriate information (e.g. table) and then using the information.

If the vehicle is communicatively connected to an external IT structure, e.g. B. an internet connection established by means of a mobile radio network, a plurality of assignments stored on board the vehicle can advantageously be updated from time to time based on such an IT infrastructure.

As an alternative or in addition, the detected position of the vehicle can be used advantageously for a new type of ripple control technology, in which control signals received from all vehicles in a certain, more or less extensive region are interpreted differently (and e.g. only for a certain part cause these vehicles to generate a specific control command). This is because the detection of the vehicle position (e.g. using common methods for determining position) can easily be implemented with a spatial resolution that is relatively large, measured against a typical extension of a region in which the control signals of a ripple control transmitter can be received.

Here is an example: Assuming that there are two large parking garages (possibly directly adjacent to one another) in the region of a certain regional supply network operator, each of which has a charging station assigned to individual parking spaces, with all charging stations of both parking garages being in the same supply network region and therefore all vehicles provide the same control signals. With the invention, however, it can then be realized that the vehicles connected to the charging stations of one parking garage interpret these control signals differently than the vehicles connected to the charging stations of the other parking garage. On the basis of the detected vehicle position, each vehicle can, to a certain extent, obtain the information in which parking garage it is located and accordingly use an association between control signals and control commands provided for this purpose.

A modified example would be a multi-storey car park, in which the vehicles located therein and connected to charging stations interpret the received control signals differently, depending on which floor of the multi-storey car park the vehicle in question is connected to a charging station.

In both example cases, the invention realizes a "selective" control of the electrical energy transmission, as despite the receipt or detection of identical control signals by several vehicles in the same region, these vehicles differ depending on their current position within this region Results of the evaluation of the control signals come.

In one embodiment, a control device of the vehicle is used to evaluate the detected control signals. As an alternative or in addition, however, a control device located externally from the vehicle (e.g. via the Internet IT infrastructure connected to the vehicle) can be used.

In one embodiment, at least one piece of information required for evaluating the detected control signals is read out from a memory device of the vehicle. Alternatively or additionally, at least one such piece of information can also be called up from an external storage device (e.g. IT infrastructure connected to the vehicle via the Internet) (e.g. the aforementioned “assignments” from which the vehicle is dependent on whose position selects an assignment to be used in the evaluation). In one embodiment, this at least one piece of information is retrieved from the relevant external storage device via a cellular network.

The device according to the invention is characterized in that the device also has a position detection device for detecting a position of the vehicle, and that the device is designed to evaluate the detected control signals as a function of the detected position of the vehicle.

The embodiments and special configurations described here for the method according to the invention can, individually or in any combination, also be provided in an analogous manner as embodiments or special configurations of the device according to the invention, or vice versa.

In one embodiment of the device it is accordingly provided, for example, that the signal detection device is formed by a voltage measuring device for time-resolved measurement of the supply voltage received from the vehicle via the connection device.

The time resolution of the voltage measuring device can be e.g. B. be dimensioned with 10 ms or less, in particular with 1 ms or less. On the other hand, it is usually sufficient (depending on the type or the time course of the control signals) if this time resolution is at least 0.1 ms.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a vehicle is proposed which has a device of the type described here. Advantageously, it can in particular be a vehicle in which the energy store (z. B. electric battery) of the electrical system can be used to provide energy to drive the vehicle, such as. B. in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle (with at least one electric motor and at least one further energy converter for the purpose of driving the vehicle).

According to a further aspect of the invention, a computer program product is proposed which comprises a program code that is executed on a data processing device (e.g. formed by a control device (e.g. program-controlled electronic control device) of the vehicle and / or an external IT infrastructure) performs a method of the type described herein.

• 1 ein Blockschaltbild eines Fahrzeuges während einer Übertragung von elektrischer Energie zwischen einer Ladestation und einem Energiespeicher des Fahrzeuges, und
• 2 ein Ablaufdiagramm eines Verfahrens, mit dem bei dem Fahrzeug von 1 die Übertragung der elektrischen Energie gesteuert wird.

The invention is described further below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. They represent:

• 1 a block diagram of a vehicle during a transfer of electrical energy between a charging station and an energy store of the vehicle, and
• 2 a flowchart of a method with which the vehicle of 1 the transmission of electrical energy is controlled.

1 shows a vehicle 1 , for example an electric vehicle or a “plug-in” hybrid vehicle, during a transfer of electrical energy between a charging station L of an electrical supply network E and an energy store, here a rechargeable battery B of the vehicle 1 .

The battery B forms a component of an electrical system of the vehicle 1 , from which in operation of the vehicle 1 electrical energy to drive the vehicle 1 is removable. The example is a lithium-ion battery. Notwithstanding this, however, other electrical energy storage devices can also be used, such as. B. capacitors or the like.

In the in 1 The situation shown is the vehicle 1 via a connection device A, e.g. B. an electrical cable with electrical connector on the part of the vehicle 1 and / or connected to the charging station L on the part of the charging station L. Such an electrical cable (“charging cable”) can e.g. B. a component of the charging station L, a component of the vehicle 1 , or one separately from the charging station L and the vehicle 1 represent intended component. In the context of the invention, it should not be excluded that the connection device is formed by a device for inductive energy transmission (that is, for example, each comprising at least one magnetic coil on the part of the vehicle 1 and on the part of the charging station L).

The transmission of electrical energy can, for. B. starting from the charging station L to the battery B to the battery B of the vehicle 1 to load or reload.

However, the electrical energy can also be transmitted from battery B of the vehicle 1 to the charging station L to take electrical energy from the battery 1 to feed into the supply network E.

The vehicle 1 is with a device 10 equipped to control the transmission of electrical energy, this device 10 in the example shown of the components described below 12 , 14th , 16 , 18th and 20th is formed.

The term “controlling the transmission of electrical energy” includes e.g. B. in particular a switching on or off of the energy transmission caused by corresponding control commands. In addition, the control can also z. B. provide the setting of a certain electrical power of the energy transmission. The invention can thus be used particularly advantageously for the operation of an “intelligent power network”, in which a communicative networking and control of power generators, stores, electrical consumers and other network resources is provided in an electrical supply network.

A signal detection device 12 detects control signals (“ripple control signals”) that are modulated onto a supply voltage of the electrical supply network E received from the vehicle via the connection device A. In the example is the signal acquisition device 12 formed by a voltage measuring device for time-resolved measurement of the supply voltage received from the vehicle. In the example shown, the control signals are pulse trains of a type known per se which, for. B. in the frequency range from about 110 Hz to about 2,000 Hz and with an amplitude of about 1% to 4% of the relevant supply voltage (z. B. 220 V AC) are superimposed. The time resolution of the voltage measuring device 12 must be dimensioned appropriately with regard to this frequency range. Since vehicles of the type that are of interest within the scope of the invention generally have such a voltage measuring device anyway, in practice it may be sufficient to adapt the measuring device with little effort so that it can measure the pulse trains in the relevant frequency range.

In contrast to the voltage measuring device used in the example, a “ripple control receiver” designed specifically only for extracting the control signals can also be considered as the signal detection device.

An evaluation device 14th evaluates the detected control signals and forms corresponding control commands for controlling the electrical energy transmission, for example to set a certain electrical power of the energy transmission or z. B. to switch on or off the electrical energy transmission. In the example is the evaluation device 14th from an electronic control unit of the vehicle 1 formed by the signal detection device 12 detected control signals are supplied for the purpose of a program-controlled evaluation and the corresponding formation of control commands.

The evaluation device 14th gives the program-controlled generated control commands in the example shown to a converter that can be controlled with them 16 from, which is thus in combination with the evaluation device 14th a control device 14th , 16 for controlling the transmission of electrical energy as a function of the control commands formed.

The converter 16 is an example of a controllable device provided at this point within the scope of the invention, by means of which a flow of electrical energy between the charging station L and the electrical energy store (here battery B) can be set according to an actuation involving in particular the control commands.

In the example shown, the electrical supply network E provides the supply voltage in the form of an alternating voltage, the control signals being superimposed on this alternating voltage as pulse sequences of a specific frequency and a specific amplitude.

In this case the converter takes care of it 16 the required conversion of the type of current, that is, when charging the battery B, a conversion of the alternating voltage supplied to the vehicle via the connection device A into a direct voltage, or when the battery is discharged, a conversion of the direct voltage (battery voltage) into an alternating voltage for in-phase feeding into the electrical supply network E. .

In deviation from this example, however, it would also be possible for the electrical supply network E or at least the charging station L of the same to provide a supply voltage in the form of a direct voltage. In this case, the power converter operated as a rectifier or inverter in the example shown could 16 be replaced by a converter realizing a DC voltage conversion (or alternatively e.g. by a switching device for clocked switching on and off of the energy transmission (current flow) with a controllable duty cycle).

In the example shown, the connection device A is as in 1 symbolizes bipolar executed. In a departure from this example, however, the electrical energy could also be transmitted via more than two poles, for example using a charging station that provides a supply voltage in the form of a three-phase alternating voltage (three-phase current). In this case it would just be the component 16 (and if applicable the component 12 ) Modify accordingly to work with the component 16 to accomplish an AC / DC or DC / AC conversion and with the component 12 to accomplish a detection of control signals that are modulated onto an alternating voltage.

A special feature of the device 10 is that this is designed to be a position of the vehicle 1 to detect and the evaluation of the detected control signals depending on the detected position of the vehicle 1 perform.

To this end, the device comprises 10 also a position detection device, which in the example shown is a GPS unit 18th comprises, for detecting the position of the vehicle 1 . This GPS unit 18th receives encoded radio signals from a plurality of GPS satellites S. in order to determine the geographical position of the vehicle in a manner known per se and to send it to the evaluation device 14th to spend.

Notwithstanding such a satellite-based position determination, however, any other methods of position determination can be considered within the scope of the invention (alternatively or additionally), such as e.g. B. using a cellular network (z. B. cell location, triangulation, etc.), including WLAN networks or the like. Vehicles of the type of interest here are advantageously equipped with a navigation system anyway, which in this case can advantageously also be used for position detection in the invention.

Finally, in a departure from the example shown, it is also possible, as an alternative or in addition, to read out information that enables this from a storage unit of the charging station in order to record the position of the vehicle. This information can e.g. B. specify a (geographical) location of the charging station. Alternatively, the information can e.g. B. an identification of the charging station (z. B. ID code) so that the vehicle (z. B. by means of the evaluation device) the identification of the charging station is processed as information about the vehicle information. If necessary, it can also be provided that the vehicle first determines a (geographical) position from the identification, be it z. B. on the basis of information stored on board the vehicle in this regard (e.g. tables) and / or through communication (e.g. via cellular network) with an external IT structure (which determines the vehicle position based on the identification of the charging station or for this purpose provides necessary information to the vehicle).

For evaluating the recorded and also by the evaluation device 14th received control signals depending on the current vehicle position can, for. B. the evaluation device 14th be used.

For this purpose, the evaluation device 14th z. B. as an electronic control device, in particular z. B. program-controlled electronic control device with associated memory unit, in which a program controlling the operation of the control device and z. B. "Assignments" between control signals or control signal characteristics on the one hand and (thus coded) control commands on the other hand can be stored.

Alternatively or additionally, an external IT structure (e.g. “cloud”) can also be used to evaluate the recorded control signals. In this regard, is in the illustrated vehicle 1 also a mobile radio communication unit 20th provided by means of which the vehicle 1 is communicatively connected to a cellular network N or the Internet. The mobile radio network N is in turn communicatively connected to an IT infrastructure C, so that the evaluation device 14th can advantageously also use the computing capacity of the external IT structure C for evaluating the control signals.

For this purpose, in particular z. B. be provided that the evaluation device 14th is designed for this purpose, the detected position of the vehicle 1 via the cellular communication unit 20th and to transmit the mobile radio network N to the IT structure C in order to then, in the opposite direction starting from the IT structure C, obtain the assignment (between control signals and control commands) required for the evaluation of the detected control signals and to use them in the evaluation (and / or to be used for updating or supplementing assignments stored on board the vehicle).

In this case, the control device according to the invention includes both components of the vehicle ( 12 , 14th , 16 , 18th ) and at least one (external) component (C) arranged outside the vehicle.

In this regard, e.g. B. also an embodiment possible in the case of the vehicle 1 in addition to the information about the current vehicle position, information about the currently detected control signals is also transmitted to the IT structure C, whereupon the IT structure C the actual Evaluation takes over and the resulting control commands are returned to the evaluation device in the opposite direction 14th supplies.

2 Figure 3 shows a flow chart of the using the apparatus 10 implemented tax procedure.

In a step S1, the supply voltage of the electrical supply network E is received (via the relevant connection device A), whereupon any control signals modulated onto the supply voltage are detected in a step S3.

In parallel, the position of the vehicle 1 is detected in a step S2, whereupon an assignment between control signals and control commands is selected in a step S4 (or another type of position-dependent evaluation for the corresponding position-dependent formation of control commands). A plurality of such assignments can e.g. B. in the mentioned memory unit of the evaluation device 14th be stored, but alternatively or additionally also be stored in a storage unit of the external IT infrastructure C.

In a step S5, the control signals are evaluated using the previously selected assignment.

In a step S6, the transmission of electrical energy is controlled taking into account the control commands formed.

In the context of the invention, the control can in particular be used to switch off (“load shedding”) or at least to throttle or to initiate or unload the vehicle in the event of an overload of the electrical supply network due to electrical consumers connected to it to reinforce, or z. B. in the event of an overload of the electrical supply network by connected electrical energy generators (e.g. solar technology or e.g. wind turbines etc.) to switch off or at least to throttle the energy transmission when the vehicle is unloaded or to initiate charging of the vehicle or to reinforce.

List of reference symbols

E.

electrical supply network

L.

Charging station

A.

Connection device

1

vehicle

B.

Energy storage (electric battery)

10

Control device

12

Signal detection device

14th

Evaluation device (control unit)

16

Power converter

18th

GPS unit

S.

GPS satellites

20th

Cellular communication unit

N

Cellular network

C.

external IT structure ("cloud")

S1

Receiving the supply voltage

S2

Detecting the position of the vehicle

S3

Acquisition of control signals

S4

Select an association

S5

Evaluation of the control signals

S6

Controlling the transmission of electrical energy

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• EP 2909911 B1 [0002]

Claims (10)

A method for controlling a transmission of electrical energy between a charging station (L) of an electrical supply network (E) and an energy store (B) of an on-board electrical system of a vehicle (1) connected to the charging station (L) via a connection device (A), wherein the The method comprises: - detection (S3) of control signals which are modulated onto a (S1) supply voltage of the electrical supply network (E) received via the connection device (A) from the vehicle (1), - evaluation (S5) of the detected control signals to generate control commands - Control (S6) the transmission of electrical energy as a function of the control commands formed, characterized in that the method further comprises a detection (S2) of a position of the vehicle (1), and that the evaluation (S5) of the detected control signals in Depending on the detected position of the vehicle (1) is carried out. Procedure according to Claim 1 wherein the detection (S3) of the control signals takes place using a voltage measuring device for measuring the supply voltage received (S1) from the vehicle (1) via the connection device (A). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the basis of the detected position of the vehicle (1) from a plurality of assignments between control signals and control commands, a specific assignment to be used in the evaluation of the detected control signals is selected (S4). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a control device of the vehicle (1) is used for evaluating (S5) the detected control signals. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one piece of information required for evaluating (S5) the detected control signals is read out from a memory device of the vehicle (1). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one piece of information required for evaluating (S5) the detected control signals is retrieved from the vehicle (1) via a cellular network (N) from an external storage device (C). Device (10) for controlling a transmission of electrical energy between a charging station (L) of an electrical supply network (E) and an energy store (B) of an on-board electrical system of a vehicle (1) connected to the charging station (L) via a connection device (A) wherein the device (10) has: - a signal detection device (12) for detecting (S3) control signals which are modulated onto a supply voltage of the electrical supply network (E) received (S1) via the connection device (A) from the vehicle (1), - an evaluation device (14) for evaluating (S5) the detected control signals to generate control commands, - a control device (14, 16) for controlling (S6) the transmission of electrical energy as a function of the generated control commands, characterized in that the device (10) further comprises a position detection device (18) for detecting (S2) a position of the vehicle (1), and that the Vorr device (10) is designed to carry out the evaluation (S5) of the detected control signals as a function of the detected position of the vehicle (1). Device (10) after Claim 7 , the signal detection device (12) being formed by a voltage measuring device for time-resolved measurement of the supply voltage received (S1) from the vehicle (1) via the connection device (A). Vehicle (1), having a device (10) according to one of the Claims 7 to 8th . A computer program product comprising a program code which, executed on a data processing device, uses a method according to one of the Claims 1 to 6th performs.

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