DE102019116174A1 - Energy storage device and method for energy storage - Google Patents

Abstract

An energy storage device is provided, comprising a thermal storage device (12) for storing thermal energy and a kinetic storage device (14) for storing kinetic energy, the thermal storage device (12) having at least one latent heat storage element (16) for storing the thermal energy, and wherein the kinetic storage device (14) has at least one movable centrifugal mass element (20) for storing the kinetic energy, and a coupling device (30) for coupling thermal and / or kinetic energy into the energy storage device and decoupling thermal and / or kinetic energy from the Energy storage device, the at least one flywheel element (20) being at least partially formed by the at least one latent heat storage element (16).

Description

The invention relates to an energy storage device, comprising a thermal storage device for storing thermal energy and a kinetic storage device for storing kinetic energy, the thermal storage device having at least one latent heat storage element for storing the thermal energy, and wherein the kinetic storage device has at least one movable flywheel element for storing the kinetic Having energy, and a coupling device for coupling thermal and / or kinetic energy into the energy storage device and coupling out thermal and / or kinetic energy from the energy storage device.

The invention also relates to a method for energy storage.

From the CN 108 092 457 A an energy storage device is known by means of which electrical energy and kinetic energy can be stored, with lithium batteries serving as the flywheel of a flywheel to store the kinetic energy.

From the CN 105 990 949 A an energy storage device with an integrated battery flywheel is known.

From the DE 2 757 336 A1 an engine for an electric vehicle with battery operation is known.

The invention is based on the object of providing an energy storage device mentioned at the beginning, which has a compact design and in which energy can be stored with an increased energy density.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the at least one flywheel element is at least partially formed by the at least one latent heat storage element.

The at least one latent heat storage element thus serves as an inertia mass element for storing the kinetic energy and / or as an inertia mass element for the kinetic storage device.

For example, the at least one latent heat storage element is part of the at least one flywheel element.

As a result of the solution according to the invention, the at least one latent heat storage element is used both for storing thermal energy and for storing kinetic energy. This results in a double use of the at least one latent heat storage element for storing kinetic and thermal energy.

As a result, energy can be stored with a particularly high energy density by means of the energy storage device according to the invention. This also results in a compact design of the energy storage device with an increased storage capacity.

The at least one latent heat storage element is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a storage element which stores a large part of the thermal energy supplied to it in the form of latent heat, for example in the form of heat for a phase change from solid to liquid or from liquid to gaseous.

In particular, the at least one latent heat storage element has a phase change medium and in particular a metallic phase change medium. The at least one latent heat storage element comprises, for example, a phase change material (PCM) and in particular a metallic phase change material.

In particular, the at least one flywheel element is rotatably arranged. As a result, kinetic energy and, in particular, rotational energy can be stored by means of the at least one flywheel element.

It can be favorable if the kinetic storage device has at least one rotation element with a rotation element shaft which is connected to the at least one latent heat storage element in a rotationally fixed manner. As a result, kinetic energy can be stored according to the principle of a flywheel, the at least one latent heat storage element forming a flywheel mass for storing the kinetic energy.

For example, the at least one rotation element consists at least partially of a phase change medium and in particular of a metallic phase change medium.

In particular, the at least one flywheel element is non-rotatably connected to the rotating element shaft.

In particular, a plurality of latent heat storage elements are non-rotatably connected to the rotating element shaft. The latent heat storage elements are arranged, for example, rotationally symmetrical with respect to the rotating element shaft.

In particular, the at least one rotation element is rotatably mounted relative to a housing of the energy storage device.

It can be favorable if the at least one rotary element is arranged in an interior of a housing of the energy storage device, and in particular if the rotary element shaft is rotatably mounted on the housing by means of at least one magnetic bearing and / or by means of at least one ball bearing. For example, a negative pressure area can be formed in the housing. This makes it possible to reduce ventilation losses when the at least one rotation element rotates.

By means of the at least one magnetic bearing and / or the at least one ball bearing, the at least one rotary element is mounted rotatably relative to the housing of the energy storage device, for example.

In particular, it can be provided that the rotary element shaft is coupled by means of a magnetic coupling element to a motor shaft for acceleration and / or deceleration of the at least one rotary element, and in particular that the magnetic coupling element is or comprises a magnetic reluctance coupling. The motor shaft is part of an electric motor device, for example. In particular, the motor shaft can be coupled to the rotary element shaft by means of the magnetic coupling element if the rotary element shaft with the at least one rotary element is arranged in a negative pressure area and the motor shaft is arranged outside the negative pressure area.

The magnetic coupling element and in particular the magnetic reluctance coupling is used to couple the motor shaft to the rotating element shaft.

The magnetic coupling element is based, for example, on magnetic fields generated by permanent magnets. This results in a contactless coupling of the motor shaft to the rotating element shaft.

For coupling the motor shaft to the rotating element shaft, the magnetic reluctance coupling comprises, for example, a hollow cylindrical stator with one or more magnets which are arranged on the circumference of the stator and a first rotor which is rotatably supported within the stator. The first rotor is non-rotatably connected to the motor shaft and has several ferromagnetic sections arranged on its circumference. The magnetic reluctance coupling further comprises a second rotor, which is rotatably mounted within the first rotor and is connected to the rotating element shaft in a rotationally fixed manner. The second rotor has a plurality of ferromagnetic sections arranged on its circumference.

A magnetic reluctance coupling is for example from the WO 2013/143766 A2 (Filing date: February 14, 2013). In this context, express reference is made to this publication in full.

For example, the at least one magnetic coupling element comprises a sealing element for the fluid-tight sealing of an interior space of a housing of the energy storage device, in which the at least one rotation element is arranged.

In particular, the motor shaft is non-rotatably connected to the rotating element shaft by means of the magnetic coupling element.

It can be favorable if the rotary element shaft is connected in one piece to a motor shaft for acceleration and / or deceleration of the at least one rotary element. In this case, in particular, there is no magnetic coupling element and / or in particular no magnetic coupling element is required.

It can be advantageous if the coupling device is assigned an electrical heating device for coupling heat into the at least one latent heat storage element, the electrical heating device being arranged on the at least one latent heat storage element and / or on the at least one rotation element. As a result, electrical energy can be converted into thermal energy and the thermal energy can be stored by means of the at least one latent heat storage element. Furthermore, a mass of the electrical heating device can be used as a flywheel for storing kinetic energy by means of the at least one rotation element.

In particular, the electrical heating device is arranged in a radially outer region of the at least one rotary element.

In particular, the electrical heating device is connected in one piece to the at least one rotary element. The electrical heating device is integrated into the at least one rotation element, for example.

For example, the electrical heating device is arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to the rotary element shaft and / or is arranged in a ring around the rotary element shaft.

In particular, the electrical heating device is arranged on the at least one rotation element further outward in the radial direction than the at least one flywheel element and / or the at least one latent heat storage element.

For example, the electrical heating device surrounds and / or encloses the at least one centrifugal mass element and / or the at least one latent heat storage element.

Surrounding and / or enclosing is to be understood in particular as surrounding and / or enclosing in two of three spatial directions, the two spatial directions lying in a plane which is oriented transversely and in particular perpendicular to a longitudinal center axis and / or to the rotary element shaft of the at least one rotary element is.

The electrical heating device comprises in particular a plurality of heating elements, which are designed, for example, as heating cartridges. The heating elements are, for example, cylindrical.

In particular, the heating elements surround and / or enclose the at least one centrifugal mass element and / or the at least one latent heat storage element. The heating cartridges are arranged, for example, rotationally symmetrical with respect to the rotating element shaft.

For example, holding elements for receiving the heating cartridges are arranged in the radially outer region of the at least one rotation element. In particular, the heating elements have a shape corresponding to the heating cartridges. In particular, the holding elements are oriented at least approximately parallel to the rotary element shaft and / or to a longitudinal center axis of the at least one rotary element.

For example, an electrical connection to the electrical heating device is established by means of a sliding contact arranged on the rotating element shaft and / or by means of electromagnetic induction.

It can be advantageous if a plurality of latent heat storage elements is connected to the rotating element shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, if the coupling device is assigned at least one cooling channel and at least one heat exchange element for extracting heat from the latent heat storage elements, if the at least one cooling channel is adjacent to the at least one rotating element between each other Latent heat storage elements is arranged, and when the at least one heat exchange element is arranged at a distance from a radially outer end of the at least one cooling channel. The latent heat storage elements can thereby be thermally discharged by passing a gas through the at least one cooling channel. The gas absorbs the thermal energy from the latent heat storage elements and transfers it to the at least one heat exchange element.

The at least one rotation element is arranged with the latent heat storage elements, for example, within a gas atmosphere with a gas which has a lower density than air. For example, the at least one rotation element with the latent heat storage elements is arranged in a hydrogen atmosphere and / or in a helium atmosphere.

Hydrogen gas and / or helium gas can then flow through the at least one cooling channel, for example. As a result, the hydrogen gas and / or the helium gas can be used to transport heat from the latent heat storage elements to the at least one heat exchange element.

The at least one heat exchange element is in particular arranged in an interior space of a housing of the energy storage device and / or is arranged opposite the radially outer end of the at least one cooling channel.

For example, the at least one heat exchange element serves as a mechanical protective element for the energy storage device, for example in the event of the at least one rotation element breaking during operation.

A working fluid for extracting heat from an interior of a housing of the energy storage device in which the at least one rotation element with the latent heat storage elements is arranged can be carried out through the at least one heat exchange element.

In particular, the at least one cooling channel is oriented transversely and in particular perpendicular to the rotary element shaft and / or to a longitudinal center axis of the at least one rotary element.

The at least one cooling channel is in particular arranged in a stationary and / or non-rotatable manner with respect to the rotary element shaft.

In particular, it can be provided that the at least one heat exchange element is arranged on a wall element of a housing of the energy storage device and / or stationary with respect to a wall element of a Housing of the energy storage device is arranged, and in particular that the at least one heat exchange element is arranged on an inner side of the wall element opposite the radially outer end of the at least one cooling channel.

The wall element of the housing is, for example, a lateral wall element of the housing, which delimits an interior space of the housing and in particular delimits the interior space in a plane which is oriented transversely and in particular perpendicular to the rotary element shaft and / or to a longitudinal center axis of the at least one rotary element. In particular, the at least one rotation element and the at least one heat exchange element are arranged in the interior.

The inside of the wall element faces in particular the interior of the housing and / or is arranged in the interior of the housing.

It can be favorable if the at least one cooling channel opens at the radially outer end into a gap area between the at least one rotation element and a wall element of the housing of the energy storage device. The wall element is, for example, a side wall element of the housing. In this way, for example, heated gas can be decoupled from an interior of the housing by means of the at least one heat exchange element. In particular, heated gas can be collected in the gap area.

For example, the at least one heat exchange element is arranged in the gap area.

For example, the at least one cooling channel runs from a radially inner end to the radially outer end.

It can be favorable if a distribution channel for supplying fluid to the at least one cooling channel is arranged at a radially inner end of the at least one cooling channel, and in particular if the distribution channel is at least approximately parallel to the rotating element shaft and / or to a longitudinal center axis of the at least one rotating element is oriented. By means of the distribution channel, for example, gas can be supplied to a plurality of cooling channels that are spaced apart from one another.

The radially inner end of the at least one cooling channel lies, for example, in the radial direction at the level of a radially inner end of the latent heat storage elements.

In particular, a working fluid that can absorb heat can be passed through the at least one heat exchange element. To extract the heat from the working fluid, the at least one heat exchange element is assigned, for example, a capacitor device.

The capacitor device is arranged in particular outside the housing of the energy storage device.

It can be favorable if the coupling device is assigned a shaft heat exchange element for extracting heat from the at least one latent heat storage element, the shaft heat exchange element being arranged on the rotating element shaft and / or being integrated into the rotating element shaft. The energy storage device can thereby be made compact. The wave heat exchange element is in thermal contact with the at least one latent heat storage element.

In particular, a working fluid for extracting heat from the at least one latent heat storage element can be carried through the shaft heat exchange element. In particular, the working fluid is or comprises at least one of the following: water, methanol, ethanol.

It can be favorable if the rotating element shaft is designed as a hollow shaft and if the shaft heat exchange element is arranged in a shaft interior of the rotating element shaft. As a result, the at least one rotary element and / or the rotary element shaft can be made compact. The shaft heat exchange element can thereby be easily integrated into the rotating element shaft.

In particular, it can be provided that the wave heat exchange element has a riser section for working fluid and an evaporator section following the riser section in relation to a flow direction of the working fluid, and in particular that at least a sub-area of the riser section is arranged within at least a sub-area of the evaporator section. In the riser section, for example, liquid working fluid is transported upwards against the direction of gravity. The transport takes place in particular by means of a condensate pump. The amount of fluid transported can thereby be adjusted in a simple manner.

The working fluid is conveyed from the riser section into the evaporator section. In the evaporator section, the working fluid is conveyed downwards along the direction of gravity. In particular, a phase change takes place in the evaporator section.

Vaporous working fluid can then get into a condenser section, for example. A phase change takes place there again. As a result, thermal energy can be absorbed from the at least one latent heat storage element by means of the working fluid, and the absorbed thermal energy can be coupled out via the capacitor section.

The arrangement of the at least one sub-area of the flow section within at least one sub-area of the evaporator section results in a compact construction of the shaft heat exchange element with little space requirement.

In particular, a supply and a discharge of working fluid takes place via one side of the rotary element shaft.

As an alternative to this, it is also possible for working fluid to be supplied and discharged via mutually opposite sides of the rotary element shaft. For example, the working fluid is supplied from above (based on the direction of gravity) and the working fluid is discharged downwards.

It can be favorable if the rotary element shaft and / or a shaft heat exchange element arranged on the rotary element shaft is immersed and / or passed through at least one wall element of a housing of the energy storage device. The rotary element shaft and / or the shaft heat exchange element are thereby led to the outside in particular from an interior of the housing. In this way, for example, heat can be extracted by means of the shaft heat exchange element and / or by means of the rotating element shaft from an interior space of the housing which is delimited by the at least one wall element.

The at least one wall element is in particular an upper and / or a lower wall element of the housing (in relation to the direction of gravity).

A decoupling of working fluid from the shaft heat exchange element takes place, for example, by means of a steam extraction device which is arranged, for example, on a lower housing element of the housing of the energy storage device.

In particular, it can be provided that a mass fraction of a mass of a phase change medium of the at least one latent heat storage element in a mass of the at least one rotary element is at least 50% and in particular at least 70% and in particular at least 80% and in particular at least 90%. As a result, the phase change medium forms a large proportion of the mass of a flywheel of the at least one rotary element for storing kinetic energy. This allows energy to be stored with an increased energy density.

The mass of the at least one rotary element is to be understood as a mass of the rotary element shaft plus a sum of a respective mass of all elements which are non-rotatably connected to the rotary element shaft and / or can be rotated by means of the rotary element shaft.

By means of the mass of the at least one rotation element, kinetic energy is stored by rotating the at least one rotation element.

It can be favorable if the coupling device is assigned a coil device and at least one susceptor element, the at least one susceptor element being thermally effectively connected to the at least one latent heat storage element. Energy can be transmitted to the at least one susceptor element by means of electromagnetic induction by means of the coil device. This allows energy to be coupled into the at least one susceptor element in a contactless manner. By heating the at least one susceptor element, heat can thereby be coupled into the at least one latent heat storage element.

In particular, the coil device is arranged on a housing element of a housing of the energy storage device and / or in a stationary manner with respect to a housing element of the energy storage device.

The at least one susceptor element is arranged such that it can be moved and / or rotated relative to the coil device. In particular, the at least one susceptor element is arranged on the at least one rotation element and / or integrated into the at least one rotation element.

The coil device is arranged, for example, on a wall element of the housing of the energy storage device opposite the at least one susceptor element.

In particular, the at least one susceptor element is arranged on the at least one centrifugal mass element and / or on the at least one latent heat storage element.

The at least one susceptor element is in particular integrated into the at least one flywheel element and / or into the at least one latent heat storage element. For example, the at least one susceptor element is at least partially formed by a metallic phase change medium of the at least one latent heat storage element.

A current and / or a voltage can be applied to the coil device to generate a magnetic field.

The at least one susceptor element is made of a material which absorbs the electromagnetic field generated by the coil device and converts it into heat.

For example, the at least one susceptor element is made from a material with at least metallic electrical conductivity.

It can be advantageous if the at least one latent heat storage element is coupled to a motor device, wherein the at least one latent heat storage element can be accelerated and / or decelerated by means of the motor device. The at least one latent heat storage element for supplying kinetic energy can be set in motion and / or rotation by means of the motor device. In order to decouple kinetic energy, the at least one latent heat storage element can be braked by means of the motor device.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the at least one latent heat storage element is coupled to a transmission device by means of which the at least one latent heat storage element can be accelerated and / or decelerated.

The motor device to which the at least one latent heat storage element is coupled is in particular an electric motor device.

The motor device is arranged, for example, outside a housing of the heat transfer device.

Alternatively, the motor device is arranged in the housing. The motor device is integrated, for example, into a rotation element of the energy storage device.

In particular, it can be provided that the thermal storage device and the kinetic storage device are arranged within an interior of a housing of the energy storage device, and in particular that a negative pressure area is formed in the interior and / or that a gas atmosphere with a gas is formed in the interior has a lower density than air. The negative pressure area is, for example, a vacuum. The gas atmosphere is, for example, a hydrogen atmosphere and / or a helium atmosphere.

By arranging the kinetic storage device and the thermal storage device within the interior of the housing of the energy storage device, in particular a recuperation of kinetic losses (e.g. due to air friction losses or friction losses due to the storage of the kinetic storage device) in the form of heat can be realized. The thermal energy resulting from the kinetic losses then remains stored in the interior of the housing.

The negative pressure range is to be understood as a range within which the pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure. In the negative pressure area formed in the interior of the housing, the pressure is lower than outside the housing.

Air friction losses of the kinetic storage device and in particular of a rotation element of the kinetic storage device can be reduced by means of the negative pressure region.

In particular, the energy storage device is assigned at least one vacuum pump for generating a negative pressure area within an interior of a housing of the energy storage device. The vacuum pump is fluidly connected, for example, to the interior of the housing.

The negative pressure area that can be formed in the interior of the housing is, for example, a high vacuum or an ultra-high vacuum.

In particular, a pressure within the negative pressure range is at most 10 ^-3 mbar and in particular at most 10 ^-7 mbar.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the energy storage device is assigned at least one pump for generating an overpressure area within an interior of a housing of the energy storage device. The pump is fluidly connected, for example, to the interior of the housing.

In particular, a pressure within the overpressure range is at least 1 bar and in particular at least 6 bar and / or in particular at most 30 bar.

A kinetic self-discharge of the kinetic storage device can be implemented by means of the overpressure area. Due to the high pressure within the overpressure range, the stored kinetic energy is converted into thermal energy by frictional forces. As a result, kinetic energy stored in the energy storage device can be specifically converted into thermal energy, which is then stored in the interior of the housing of the energy storage device.

In particular, it can be provided that an overpressure area is formed in the interior of the housing of the energy storage device, and that a gas atmosphere with a gas which has a lower density than air is formed in the interior. The gas atmosphere is, for example, a hydrogen atmosphere and / or a helium atmosphere.

Hydrogen gas and / or helium gas have good thermal conductivity and can therefore be used, for example, to extract thermal energy from the at least one latent heat storage element. For this purpose, at least one heat exchange element is provided, for example, which is arranged in the interior of the housing (see above).

In particular, the interior is sealed fluid-tight by means of a sealing element. The at least one sealing element is or comprises, for example, a magnetic fluid seal.

According to the invention, a method for energy storage is provided in which thermal energy is stored by means of a thermal storage device, the thermal storage device having at least one latent heat storage element for storing the thermal energy, in which kinetic energy is stored by means of a kinetic storage device, the kinetic storage device having at least one has movable flywheel element for storing the kinetic energy, and wherein the at least one flywheel element is at least partially formed by the at least one latent heat storage element, and in which the thermal and / or kinetic energy is coupled into the energy storage device by means of a coupling device and / or is decoupled from the energy storage device .

The method according to the invention has in particular one or more features and / or advantages of the energy storage device according to the invention.

In particular, the method according to the invention can be carried out using the energy storage device according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention is carried out using the energy storage device according to the invention.

In particular, it can be provided that the at least one latent heat storage element is set in motion and / or rotation in order to store the kinetic energy.

It can be favorable if the thermal storage device and the kinetic storage device are arranged within a negative pressure area and / or are arranged in a gas atmosphere with a gas which has a lower density than air.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the thermal storage device and the kinetic storage device are arranged within an overpressure area and / or are arranged in a gas atmosphere with a gas which has a lower density than air.

The gas atmosphere is, for example, a hydrogen atmosphere and / or a helium atmosphere.

By arranging the thermal storage device and the kinetic storage device within the overpressure area, a kinetic self-discharge can be implemented in which a targeted conversion of kinetic energy stored in the kinetic storage device into thermal energy takes place.

In particular, it can be provided that kinetic energy is decoupled from the kinetic storage device in that the kinetic storage device and the thermal storage device are arranged within an overpressure area.

In particular, thermal energy is coupled into the at least one latent heat storage element by means of electromagnetic induction.

In particular, thermal energy is decoupled from the at least one latent heat storage element in that the at least one latent heat storage element gives off heat to a gas flow and in particular that the gas flow gives off the absorbed heat to a heat exchange element. By means of the heat exchange element can then, for example, the heat can be extracted from the thermal storage device.

Unless otherwise stated, the indication “at least approximately” means that a value and / or a distance and / or an angle deviates by at most 10% from the specified value and / or distance and / or angle.

• 1 eine schematische Schnittansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Energiespeichervorrichtung;
• 2 eine schematische Schnittansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Energiespeichervorrichtung;
• 3 eine Detailansicht des Teilbereichs A gemäß 2;
• 4 eine schematische Schnittansicht eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Energiespeichervorrichtung;
• 5 eine perspektivische Teilschnittdarstellung des Ausführungsbeispiels der Energiespeichervorrichtung gemäß 4;
• 6 eine Detailansicht des Teilbereichs B gemäß 5;
• 7 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Rotationselements für die Energ iespeichervorrichtu ng;
• 8 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Rotationselements; und
• 9 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Rotationselements.

The following description of preferred embodiments is used in conjunction with the drawings to explain the invention in greater detail. Show it:

• 1 a schematic sectional view of a first embodiment of an energy storage device according to the invention;
• 2 a schematic sectional view of a second embodiment of an energy storage device according to the invention;
• 3 a detailed view of the portion A according to 2 ;
• 4th a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment of an energy storage device according to the invention;
• 5 a perspective partial sectional view of the embodiment of the energy storage device according to FIG 4th ;
• 6th a detailed view of the portion B according to 5 ;
• 7th a first embodiment of a rotary element for the energy storage device;
• 8th a second embodiment of a rotary element; and
• 9 a third embodiment of a rotary element.

Identical or functionally equivalent elements are denoted by the same reference symbols in all figures.

An embodiment of an energy storage device according to the invention is shown in FIG 1 and designated there by 10. The energy storage device 10 comprises a thermal storage device 12 for storing thermal energy and a kinetic storage device 14th for storing kinetic energy.

The thermal storage device 12 has a plurality of latent heat storage elements 16 on. The latent heat storage elements 16 each include, for example, a phase change medium 18th and in particular a metallic phase change medium 18th .

The phase change medium 18th is or comprises, for example, water and / or paraffin and / or a metallic phase change material. The metallic phase change material is, for example, an aluminum-silicon alloy.

The kinetic storage device 14th has a plurality of movable flywheel elements 20th to store the kinetic energy. The flywheel elements 20th are at the in 1 Example shown part of a rotation element 22nd .

The element of rotation 22nd includes a rotating element shaft 24 with which the flywheel elements 20th are rotatably connected.

The element of rotation 22nd is in an interior 26th a housing 28 the energy storage device 10 positioned.

The flywheel elements are used to store kinetic energy 12 by means of the rotating shaft 24 set in rotation. The element of rotation 22nd and the flywheel elements 20th perform a rotary movement and thereby store kinetic energy and in particular rotational energy.

In the embodiment shown, the latent heat storage elements are 16 with the rotating element shaft 24 non-rotatably connected. The latent heat storage elements 16 at least partially form the flywheel elements 20th of the rotary element 22nd and / or the latent heat storage elements 16 are each part of the flywheel elements 20th .

The latent heat storage element 16 thus comes the function of a flywheel element 20th to and / or the latent heat storage element 16 serves as a flywheel element 20th .

The latent heat storage element 16 includes the phase change medium 18th . This phase change medium 18th has a mass M1 on.

The element of rotation 22nd has a mass M2 on, being under the crowd M2 in particular a total mass of all rotatable components of the rotary element 22nd is to be understood.

In particular, it can be provided that a mass fraction of the mass M1 of the phase change medium 18th in the crowd M2 of the rotary element 22nd is at least 50% and in particular at least 70% and in particular at least 80% and in particular at least 90%.

The energy storage device 10 comprises a coupling device 30th , by means of which thermal and / or kinetic energy is in the energy storage device 10 can be coupled and / or from the energy storage device 10 can be decoupled. The coupling device 30th is described in detail below.

In the embodiment according to 1 is the element of rotation 22nd by means of the rotating element shaft 24 on the housing 28 movably and / or rotatably mounted.

The case 28 and / or the rotating element 22nd are for example at least approximately rotationally symmetrical with respect to a longitudinal center axis 32 educated. The longitudinal central axis 32 lies in the rotating element shaft, for example 24 .

The longitudinal central axis 32 For example, an axis of rotation corresponds to a rotational movement of the latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th and / or the rotating element shaft 24 .

In an operating state of the energy storage device 10 are the rotating element shaft when properly positioned 24 and / or the longitudinal center axis 32 at least approximately parallel to the direction of gravity G oriented.

The case 28 has a first wall element 34 and one to the first wall element 34 parallel to the central longitudinal axis 32 spaced second wall element 36 on. For example, the first wall element 34 (with respect to the direction of gravity G ) a bottom element of the housing 28 and / or the second wall element 36 is a cover element of the housing 28 .

The case 28 further comprises a lateral wall element 38 , which is between the first wall element 34 and the second wall element 36 is arranged.

The case 28 is for example at least approximately cylindrical.

The first wall element 34 , the second wall element 36 and the side wall element 38 delimit and / or surround the interior 26th of the housing 28 .

For example, limit the first wall element 34 and the second wall element 36 the interior 26th in one to the longitudinal central axis 32 parallel direction.

The side wall element 38 limits the interior space 26th for example in two of three spatial directions, which in a transverse and in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis 32 oriented plane. For example, the side wall element limits 38 the interior 26th in a radial direction 40 which in a transverse and in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis 32 oriented plane.

On the first wall element 34 is a first opening element 42 formed and on the second wall element 36 is a second opening element 44 educated.

The first opening element 42 and the second opening element 44 are for example at least approximately parallel and / or rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal center axis 32 educated.

The rotating element shaft 24 runs from the interior 26th through the first opening element 42 outward.

For example, is the rotating element shaft 24 through the first wall element 34 performed and / or submerged.

The rotating element shaft 24 runs at least partially through that on the second wall element 36 formed second opening element 44 .

The rotating element shaft 24 is by means of several magnetic bearings 46 relative to the housing 28 movably and / or rotatably mounted. For example, a first magnetic bearing 46a on the first opening element 42 arranged and / or there is, for example, a second magnetic bearing 46b on the second opening element 44 arranged.

In the embodiment according to 1 is in an operating state of the energy storage device 10 in the interior 26th a negative pressure area and in particular a vacuum is formed. In this vacuum range, the pressure is reduced compared to atmospheric pressure.

To create the negative pressure area inside the interior 26th is an electric vacuum pump 48 intended.

As an alternative or in addition, it can be provided that a pump is assigned to the interior, by means of which the interior is located 26th can form an overpressure area. In the overpressure area, the pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure.

The case 28 is in particular sealed in a fluid-tight and / or gas-tight manner. For fluid-tight and / or gas-tight sealing of the housing 28 is for example a magnetic fluid seal 50 provided, which at the in 1 Example shown on the first housing element 42 is arranged.

The rotating element shaft is by means of the magnetic fluid seal 24 gas-tight and / or fluid-tight through the first opening element 42 guided.

An electric motor device is used for coupling in kinetic energy in the form of rotational energy 52 provided which the coupling device 30th assigned. The electric motor device 52 has a motor shaft 54 on, which in particular rotatably on the rotating element shaft 24 is coupled.

The electric motor device includes a drive mode and a generator mode. In the drive mode, by means of the electric motor device 52 the rotation element 22nd accelerated, whereby electrical energy is converted into kinetic energy. In this way, energy is put into the energy storage device 10 coupled. In the generator mode, the rotation element 22nd by means of the electric motor device 52 decelerated and / or braked, so that the kinetic energy of the rotary element 22nd by means of the electric motor device 52 is converted into electrical energy. Thereby energy from the energy storage device is generated 10 decoupled.

The electric motor device is for example on the second wall element 36 of the housing 28 arranged. For example, is the electric motor device 52 on one of the interior 26th remote side 56 of the second wall element 36 arranged.

In the embodiment according to 1 is the motor shaft 54 by means of a magnetic coupling 58 to the rotating element shaft 24 coupled. The magnetic coupling 58 is for example on the second wall element 36 and / or on the second opening element 44 arranged.

In particular, the magnetic coupling comprises 58 a magnetic fluid seal 50 so that by means of the magnetic coupling 58 The interior 26th is sealed gas-tight and / or fluid-tight.

The magnetic coupling 58 is, for example, a magnetic reluctance coupling.

The coupling device 30th is, for example, an energy supply device 60 associated with which with the electric motor device 52 is effectively connected electrically. By means of the energy supply device 60 can electrical energy into the electrical motor device 52 couple in or it can couple out electrical energy provided by the electric motor device.

The in 1 example shown is the coupling device 30th an electrical coil device 62 assigned. The electrical coil device 62 is for example on the side wall element 38 of the housing 28 arranged.

The electrical coil device 62 is electrically effective with the energy supply device 60 connected. By means of the energy supply device 60 the electrical coil device can be subjected to an electrical current and / or an electrical voltage. It can thereby by means of the electrical coil device 62 generate electromagnetic waves.

The coupling device 30th are further one or more susceptor elements 64 associated with the latent heat storage elements 16 are thermally effectively connected.

The susceptor elements 64 are for example on the rotating element 22nd and / or on the latent heat storage elements 16 arranged. In particular, the susceptor elements are 64 non-rotatably with the rotary element 22nd connected.

The susceptor element 64 is or comprises an electrically conductive material and in particular a material of at least metallic electrical conductivity.

For coupling heat into the latent heat storage elements 16 becomes the susceptor element 64 acted upon by electromagnetic waves, which by means of the coil device 62 be generated. The susceptor element 64 absorbs the electromagnetic waves, causing the susceptor element 64 is heated. It can thereby by means of the coil device 62 and the susceptor elements 64 thermal energy in the latent heat storage elements 16 Coupling in contactless.

For extracting heat from the latent heat storage elements 16 the coupling device is a wave heat exchange element 66 assigned. The wave heat exchange element 66 is on the rotating element shaft 24 arranged and / or in the rotating element shaft 24 integrated.

Through the wave heat exchange element 66 a working fluid can flow. The working fluid is in particular a phase change medium which can change its phase (eg liquid-vapor). Examples of such working fluids are water, methanol and ethanol.

For the integration of the shaft heat exchange element 66 into the rotating element shaft 24 is the rotating element shaft 24 for example designed as a hollow shaft. The rotating element shaft 24 has, for example, a shaft interior 68 on, in which the wave heat exchange element 66 is at least partially arranged.

The wave heat exchange element 66 points to the in 1 Example shown a riser section 70 for the working fluid and an evaporator section following the riser section in relation to a flow direction of the working fluid 72 .

For example, the riser section 70 and the evaporator section 72 arranged at least approximately parallel to one another. For example, the riser sections run 70 and / or the evaporator section 72 at least approximately parallel to the longitudinal center axis 32 .

The riser section 70 and the evaporator section 72 are fluidically separated from each other. For example, is in an upper end area 74 of the riser section 70 and the evaporator section 72 a transition 76 arranged on which the working fluid from the riser section 70 into the evaporator section 72 can flow in.

In particular, at least a partial area of the riser section runs 70 within at least a portion of the evaporator section 72 . In the embodiment according to 1 runs the riser section 70 inside the evaporator section 72 .

The wave heat exchange element 66 and in particular the evaporator section 72 of the shaft heat exchange element 66 are in thermal contact with the latent heat storage elements 16 . The thermal contact is for example via the rotating element shaft 24 manufactured. It can be provided that to improve the thermal contact between the shaft heat exchange element 66 and the latent heat storage elements 16 a heat conduction structure (shown) is provided, which for example on the rotating element shaft 24 and / or between the shaft heat exchange element 66 and the latent heat storage elements 16 is arranged.

The rotating element shaft 24 has a first end 78 and one to the first end 78 in one to the longitudinal central axis 32 parallel direction spaced second end 80 on. The first ending 78 is particularly related to the direction of gravity G a lower end of the rotating element shaft 24 and the second end 80 is particularly with respect to the direction of gravity G an upper end of the rotating element shaft 24 .

The first ending 78 is for example in an area of the first wall element 34 and / or the first opening element 42 arranged. The second ending 80 is for example in a region of the second wall element 36 and / or the second opening element 44 arranged. For example, is the second end 80 on the magnetic coupling 58 arranged.

The transition 76 is in an area of the second end 80 arranged and / or is the second end 80 facing.

The in 1 The example shown, it is provided that a supply and discharge of the working fluid to / from the shaft heat exchange element 66 over one side 82 of the housing 28 and / or the rotating element shaft 24 he follows. The page 82 is particular of the side 56 opposite and / or is in particular outside the interior 26th of the housing 28 arranged.

The pages 56 and or 82 are each outer side of the housing 28 . The page 82 is also one side of the rotating element shaft, for example 24 which at the first end 78 is arranged.

For supplying, in particular, condensed working fluid to the riser section 70 of the shaft heat exchange element 66 is a condensate pump 84 provided, by means of which the working fluid, for example at the second end 78 in the riser section 70 can be coupled.

For decoupling, in particular, gaseous working fluid from the evaporator section 72 of the shaft heat exchange element 76 is a steam extraction device 86 provided, for example, on the side 82 and / or at the first end 78 is arranged. By means of the steam extraction device 86 is in particular gaseous working fluid, for example at the first end 78 from the evaporator section 72 can be decoupled.

A condenser device is used to extract thermal energy from the, for example, gaseous working fluid 88 provided, which has a condenser flow 90 and a condenser return 92 having.

The wave heat exchange element 66 is a capacitor section 94 assigned which by the capacitor device 88 runs. This capacitor section 94 is with the Steam extraction device 86 and with the condensate pump 84 fluidly connected.

A closed circuit is thus formed for the working fluid which is passed through the shaft heat exchange element.

The condensate pump 84 is related to the flow direction of the working fluid the riser section 70 upstream and in particular between the capacitor section 94 and the riser section 70 arranged. The evaporator section 72 follows the riser section 70 and is between the riser section 70 and the condenser section 94 arranged.

For the extraction of thermal energy from the latent heat storage elements 16 For example, condensed working fluid is initially via the condensate pump 84 in the riser section 70 coupled. The condensed working fluid then runs into the evaporator section 72 where there is thermal energy from the latent heat storage elements 16 absorbs and in particular passes into the gaseous state. Gaseous working fluid is released through the steam extraction device 86 removed and over the capacitor section 94 by the capacitor device 88 guided. In the condenser facility 88 thermal energy is withdrawn from the gaseous working fluid and transferred to the condenser return, for example 92 submitted.

With a variant of the in 1 The embodiment shown is, based on a flow direction of the working fluid, between the steam extraction device 86 and / or the evaporator section 72 and the capacitor device 88 and / or the condenser section 94 a generator device 96 arranged. By means of the generator device 96 energy can be withdrawn from the gaseous working fluid in particular and converted into electrical energy.

The generator device 96 includes, for example, a steam expander 98 , which extracts energy from the gaseous working fluid in particular and converts it into mechanical energy. This mechanical energy can, for example, with a generator element 100 the generator device 96 converted into electrical energy.

The means of the generator element 100 The electrical energy generated can be used, for example, as auxiliary energy for the vacuum pump 48 and / or the condensate pump 84 and / or the magnetic bearings 46 be used. The electrical energy can, for example, also be used for external applications, such as for driving a vehicle.

The energy supply device 60 for example, has multiple connections 101 on, by means of which electrical energy in the energy storage device 10 can be coupled in and out. Via the energy supply facility 60 coupled electrical energy is for example by means of the coupling device 30th converted into thermal and kinetic energy and stored in the energy storage device 10 saved. This stored energy can by means of the coupling device 30th for example be converted back into electrical energy and via the energy supply device 60 can be removed.

Another embodiment of an energy storage device, which is shown in 2 and is denoted there by 102, is basically designed in the same way as the energy storage device described above 10 . The same reference numerals are used below for technically similar elements and the above description applies accordingly. The energy storage device 102 essentially has a compared to the energy storage device 10 different storage of the rotating element shaft 24 as well as a changed cycle of the through the rotating element shaft 24 guided working fluids on.

The in 2 example shown is the rotating element shaft 24 of the rotary element 22nd by means of several ball bearings 104 on the housing 28 rotatably mounted (see also 3 ). The ball bearings 104 are for example on the first wall element 34 and / or the first opening element 42 and / or the second wall element 36 and / or the second opening element 44 arranged.

The in 2 example shown is the electric motor device 52 on the side 56 of the housing 28 arranged. The motor shaft 54 is integral with the rotating element shaft 24 connected. In particular, it is not a magnetic coupling 58 intended.

The rotating element shaft 24 and that with the rotating element shaft 24 integrally connected motor shaft 54 form a rotating element shaft 106 which is a common shaft of the electric motor device 52 and the rotating element 22nd is. The rotating element shaft 106 is by means of the electric motor device 52 drivable. This allows the rotation element 22nd with the latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th set in rotation.

The rotating element shaft 106 extends between a first end 108 and a second end 110 . The first ending 108 is in one area of the page 82 of the housing 28 and / or the Steam extraction device 86 arranged. The second ending 110 is in one area of a page 112 a motor housing 114 the electric motor device 52 arranged, with the side 112 to the side 56 of the housing 28 parallel to the central longitudinal axis 32 is spaced. The motor housing 114 extends for example between the page 56 of the housing 28 and the second end 110 the rotating element shaft 106 .

The rotating element shaft 106 runs through the motor housing 114 and through the case 28 the energy storage device 102 .

At the second end 110 the rotating element shaft 106 is a coupling device 116 arranged for working fluid.

The rotating element shaft 106 is designed as a hollow shaft. In an interior 118 the rotating element shaft 106 is a wave heat exchange element 120 arranged. Through the wave heat exchange element 120 the working fluid can flow through.

By means of the condensate pump 84 is for example condensed working fluid by means of the coupling device 116 into the shaft heat exchange element 120 coupled. The working fluid flows through the motor housing 114 and through the interior 26th of the housing 28 .

For example, the working fluid flows in relation to the gravitational direction G from top to bottom.

The wave heat exchange element 120 is in thermal connection with the latent heat storage elements 16 . For example, this takes place through the interior 26th guided working fluid heat from the latent heat storage elements 16 and goes into the gaseous state.

Gaseous working fluid is then removed by means of the steam extraction device 86 from the rotating element shaft 106 and / or from the shaft heat exchange element 120 decoupled and into the capacitor section 94 convicted.

In the condenser section 94 the gaseous working fluid runs through the condenser 88 and is then again in particular condensed working fluid of the condensate pump 84 fed.

In the embodiment according to 2 thus becomes the wave heat exchange element 120 Working fluid through the second end 110 and / or via a second side of the rotating element shaft 106 and the working fluid is fed through the first end 108 and / or via a first side of the rotating element shaft 106 from the shaft heat exchange element 120 discharged. The second ending 110 lies with respect to the direction of gravity G above the first end 108 .

Another embodiment of an energy storage device, which in the 4th and 5 and is denoted there by 122, essentially has, in comparison to the exemplary embodiments described above, an alternative possibility for coupling out in the latent heat storage elements 16 stored thermal energy. The energy storage device 122 is otherwise basically designed in the same way as the energy storage device described above 10 .

The energy storage device 122 includes the electric motor device 52 which is the motor shaft 54 having. The motor shaft 54 is about the magnetic coupling 58 to a rotating element shaft 124 of the rotary element 22nd coupled.

The magnetic coupling 58 is in the embodiment according to 4th on the side 56 and / or in an area of the page 56 of the housing 28 arranged.

The element of rotation 22nd is by means of the rotating element shaft 124 on the housing 28 rotatably mounted. For example, is the rotating element shaft 124 by means of the magnetic bearing 46 relative to the housing 28 rotatably mounted.

For example, each is a magnetic bearing 46 on the first wall element 34 and on the second wall element 36 arranged. The first magnetic bearing 46a is for example on the first wall element 34 arranged.

The second magnetic bearing 46b is for example on the second wall element 36 and / or on the second opening element 44 arranged.

The first wall element 34 of the housing 28 has, for example, an indentation 126 on in which the rotating element shaft 124 for example by means of the first magnetic bearing 46a is rotatably mounted. The first magnetic bearing 46a is for example on and / or in the indentation 126 arranged.

In particular, the first wall element 34 no first opening element 42 on.

The indentation 126 is on one of the interior 26th of the housing 28 facing inside 128 of the first wall element 34 educated.

In the indentation 126 is a first ending 130 the rotating element shaft 124 arranged. The first ending 130 is particularly in the interior 26th of the housing 28 positioned.

A second ending 132 the rotating element shaft 124 is on the magnetic coupling 58 and / or in a region of the second wall element 36 of the housing 28 arranged.

In particular is the second end 132 outside the interior 26th positioned.

The rotating element shaft 124 is through the second opening element 44 on the second wall element 36 from the interior 26th outwards.

The latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th are non-rotatably with the rotating element shaft 124 connected.

In particular, is between the rotating element shaft 124 and the latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th a structure 134 for thermal decoupling of the latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th from the rotating element shaft 124 arranged.

The flywheel elements 20th and / or the latent heat storage elements 16 are for example by means of the structure 134 non-rotatably with the rotating element shaft 124 connected.

To accommodate the latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th is a holding area 136 provided which, for example by means of the structure 134 , non-rotatably with the rotating element shaft 124 connected is ( 5 ). The holding area 136 has a plurality of holding elements 138 on, on and / or in which the latent heat storage elements 16 are arranged. Adjacent holding elements 138 are, for example, each by a wall element 140 separated from each other.

The one in the 4th and 5 The embodiment shown are the coupling device 30th for decoupling in the latent heat storage elements 16 stored thermal energy a plurality of cooling channels 142 and a plurality of heat exchange elements 144 assigned.

The cooling channels 142 are each between adjacent latent heat storage elements 16 arranged ( 5 and 6th ). The cooling channels 142 are for example on the between adjacent latent heat storage elements 16 arranged wall element 140 arranged and / or formed. The cooling channels 142 are for example in the wall element 140 integrated.

The cooling channels 142 are in particular at least approximately parallel to the radial direction 40 oriented. For example, the cooling channels run 142 transversely and in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis 32 and / or the cooling channels 142 each lie at least approximately in a plane which is transverse and in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis 32 is oriented.

For example, are on the wall element 140 a plurality of cooling channels are arranged, each in one to the longitudinal center axis 32 parallel direction are spaced from each other.

The cooling duct 142 has a radially inner end 146 and a radially outer end 148 on.

At the radially inner end 146 the cooling channel opens 142 into a distribution channel 150 which in particular is at least approximately parallel to the longitudinal center axis 32 is oriented. By means of the distribution channel 150 is the cooling ducts 142 Cooling fluid can be supplied.

The distribution channel 150 and / or the radially inner end 146 of the cooling duct 142 lie for example with respect to the radial direction 40 at least approximately level with a radially inner end 152 of the latent heat storage element 16 .

The distribution channel 150 extends from a first end, for example 154 to a second end 156 . The first ending 154 is the first wall element 34 facing and the second end 156 is the second wall element 36 facing.

The one in the 4th and 5 The embodiment shown is the coupling device 30th an electric heater 158 assigned, by means of which the latent heat storage elements 16 thermal energy can be supplied. The electric heater 158 is, for example, ring-shaped and / or hollow-cylindrical.

The electric heater 158 is in particular non-rotatable with the rotating element shaft 124 connected. For example, the electric heater 158 on the rotating element 22nd and / or on the latent heat storage elements 16 and / or at the holding area 136 arranged. The electric heater 158 is in particular integral with the rotating element 22nd connected.

In the embodiment shown, the electrical heating device is 158 at a radially outer end 160 the latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the holding elements 138 arranged.

The latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the holding elements 138 are for example between the structure 134 and the electric heater 158 arranged.

The electric heater 158 is in thermally effective connection with the latent heat storage elements 16 .

In particular, the electrical heater 158 integral with the rotating element 22nd connected. For example, the electrical heating device forms a radially outermost element of the rotary element 22nd .

The radially outer end 148 of the cooling duct 142 lies, for example, in relation to the radial direction 40 , at least approximately level with a radially outer side 162 of the rotary element 22nd and / or the electric heater 158 . The radially outer side 162 is in particular the side wall element 38 of the housing 28 facing.

The electric heater 158 has a plurality of heating elements 164 on, which are, for example, cylindrical. The heating elements 164 are for example each in holding elements 166 the electric heater 158 arranged which one to the heating elements 164 have a corresponding shape.

The holding element 166 is designed, for example, as a cylindrical recess in which the heating element 164 is arranged. For example the heating element 164 designed as a cylindrical heating cartridge.

The heating elements 164 extend, for example, at least approximately parallel to the longitudinal center axis 32 .

Different heating elements 164 and / or holding elements 166 are for example in a circumferential direction 168 of the rotary element 22nd spaced from each other. The circumferential direction 168 is transverse and in particular perpendicular to the radial direction 40 oriented.

The heating elements 164 the electric heater 158 are for example by means of the rotating element shaft 124 supplied with electrical energy. The heating elements are for this purpose 164 for example by means of a sliding contact (not shown) with the rotating element shaft 124 electrically effectively connected. The rotating element shaft 124 is then for example with the energy supply device 60 electrically effectively connected.

Between the rotating element 22nd and the side wall element 38 is a gap area 170 educated. The gap area 170 is for example between the radially outer side 162 and an inside 172 of the side wall element 38 arranged. For example, the gap area is designed as an annular gap and / or cylindrical.

The inside 172 is the interior 26th and / or the radially outer side 162 facing.

The radially outer ends 148 the cooling channels 142 open into the gap area 170 .

The heat exchange element 144 is particularly the radially outer ends 148 the cooling channels 142 arranged opposite one another. For example, the heat exchange element 144 between the inside 172 and the radially outer side 162 positioned.

The heat exchange element 144 basically has the same functionality as the shaft heat exchange element 66 or the wave heat exchange element 120 on.

The heat exchange element 144 can be traversed by a working fluid that can absorb thermal energy. The heat exchange element 144 is for example fluidly effective with the condenser device 88 connected, by means of which thermal energy can be extracted from the working fluid.

It can be provided that for the control and / or regulation of a supply of working fluid to the heat exchange element 144 a valve device 174 is provided.

The one in the 4th and 5 The embodiment shown is the interior 26th in particular sealed fluid-tight.

In the interior 26th a gas atmosphere is formed in particular. For example, a hydrogen atmosphere and / or a helium atmosphere is formed in the interior.

For example, hydrogen gas and / or helium gas is used as a cooling gas for the latent heat storage elements 16 . It can thereby be passed through the heat exchange element by means of the cooling gas 144 Heat from the latent heat storage elements 16 decouple.

An exemplary embodiment of a rotary element for use as a rotary element in one of the energy storage devices described above is shown in FIG 7th shown schematically and designated there with 176. The element of rotation 176 includes a rotating element shaft 178 , which for example by means of the magnetic bearings 46 is rotatably mounted.

The rotating element shaft 178 is by means of the magnetic coupling 58 to the motor shaft 54 the electric motor device 52 coupled.

On the rotating element shaft 178 is the wave heat exchange element 66 arranged.

About one side 180 the rotating element shaft 178 is working fluid in the shaft heat exchange element 66 can be coupled in and out.

The latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th are with the rotating element shaft 178 non-rotatably connected.

Between the latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th and the rotating element shaft 178 is an isolation structure 182 for thermal decoupling of the latent heat storage elements 16 from the rotating element shaft 178 arranged.

Next is a heat exchange element 184 provided, which for example on the latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th is arranged. For example, the heat exchange element 184 arranged further radially outward than the latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th and / or the heat exchange element 184 forms a radially outermost element of the rotary element 176 . For example, the latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th between the isolation structure 182 and the heat exchange element 184 arranged.

The heat exchange element 184 is in particular about a heat conduction structure 186 thermally effective with the shaft heat exchange element 66 connected. It can thereby, for example, by means of the heat conduction structure 186 and the heat exchange element 184 via the shaft heat exchange element 66 Heat from the latent heat storage elements 16 decouple.

It can be provided that on the heat exchange element 184 a support structure 188 for mechanical support and / or stabilization of the rotation element 176 is arranged. For example, the support structure forms a radially outermost element of the rotation element 176 .

It can be provided that the support structure 188 into the heat exchange element 184 is integrated and / or in one piece with the heat exchange element 184 connected is. For example, the heat exchange element forms 184 the support structure 188 at least partially.

The rotating element shaft 178 is in particular at least approximately cylindrical.

In particular, the isolation structure 182 and / or the heat exchange element 184 and / or the support structure 188 each ring-shaped and / or cylindrical.

The latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th are in particular arranged in an annular and / or cylindrical manner.

This in 8th Shown embodiment of a rotary element 190 points compared to the rotating element 176 another rotating element shaft 192 on. Otherwise the element of rotation is 190 designed in the same way as the rotary element 176 .

The rotating element shaft 192 is by means of the ball bearings 104 rotatably mounted and runs through the motor housing 114 the electric motor device 52 (See the embodiment of the energy storage device described above 102 ).

On the rotating element shaft 192 is the wave heat exchange element 120 arranged. The wave heat exchange element 120 is about the thermal structure 186 thermally effective with the heat exchange element 184 connected.

In the embodiment according to 8th becomes working fluid over a first side 194 the rotating element shaft 192 into the shaft heat exchange element 120 coupled and working fluid on a second side 196 the rotating element shaft 192 from the shaft heat exchange element 120 decoupled.

The first page 194 is for example at a first end 198 the rotating element shaft 192 arranged and the second side 196 is for example at one of the first end 198 opposite second end 200 the rotating element shaft 192 arranged.

The in 9 shown embodiment of a rotating element shaft 202 is different from the previous embodiments, the electric motor device 52 integrated into the rotating element.

The electric motor device 52 has a stator element 204 on, which for example in a middle and / or central area 206 of the rotary element 202 is arranged.

A rotor element 208 the electric motor device 52 is in the radial direction 40 spaced from the stator element 204 arranged. The rotor element 208 is relative to the stator element 204 rotatably arranged.

The rotor element 208 is in particular annular and / or cylindrical. In particular surrounds and / or encloses the rotor element 208 the stator element 204 in a plane which is transverse and in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis 32 is oriented. The longitudinal central axis 32 is for example an axis of rotation of the rotor element 208 .

The isolation structure 182 and / or the latent heat storage elements 16 and / or the flywheel elements 20th and / or the heat exchange element 184 and / or the support structure 188 are non-rotatably with the rotor element 208 connected.

The heat exchange element 184 is by means of the heat conduction structure 186 thermally effective with a rotary leadthrough element 210 connected. Via the rotary feed-through element 210 can heat to / from the heat exchange element 184 couple in and out.

The rotary leadthrough element 210 is in particular rotationally fixed with respect to the stator element 204 arranged.

The rotary leadthrough element 210 enables fluids a sealed transition between one and the stator element 204 non-rotatably arranged body and the rotating heat exchange element 210 .

• Zur Speicherung von Energie in der Energiespeichervorrichtung 10 wird beispielsweise elektrische Energie in die Energieversorgungseinrichtung 60 eingekoppelt.

The energy storage device according to the invention works as follows:

• For storing energy in the energy storage device 10 is for example electrical energy in the energy supply device 60 coupled.

The electrical energy is supplied by means of the electrical motor device 52 at least partially converted into kinetic energy. For this purpose, the rotation element 22nd set in a rotary motion with the latent heat storage elements so that rotational energy is stored.

The energy supplied is still at least partially by means of the electrical coil device 62 and the susceptor element 64 converted into thermal energy. For this purpose, the coil device 62 charged with a current and / or a voltage, whereby electromagnetic waves are generated, which from the susceptor element 64 be absorbed. The susceptor element 64 is thereby heated and gives its heat to the latent heat storage elements for storage 16 from.

In this way, the energy storage device 10 loaded with energy. The energy is in the energy storage device 10 stored as thermal and / or kinetic energy.

Through the formation of a negative pressure area and in particular a vacuum in the interior 26th are frictional losses which occur during the rotation of the rotating element 22nd occur, decreased.

Through the case 28 showing the interior 26th thermally and / or fluidically seals, in particular thermal energy losses are reduced.

For decoupling the in the energy device 10 stored energy is, for example, the electric motor device 52 switched to generator mode. It becomes the element of rotation 22nd braked and the stored kinetic energy converted into electrical energy. This electrical energy can be supplied, for example, via the energy supply device 60 from the energy storage device 10 decouple.

The extraction of thermal energy from the energy storage device 10 takes place by means of the shaft heat exchange element 66 and the capacitor device 88 . Cold working fluid is released by means of the condensate pump 84 into the shaft heat exchange element 66 promoted and then reaches the riser section 70 into the evaporator section 72 where there is thermal energy from the latent heat storage elements 16 absorbs and in particular goes into a gaseous state. Heated working fluid is passed through the condenser section 94 out and gives its thermal energy to the capacitor device there 88 from.

The condenser device 88 is for example via the condenser flow 90 cold fluid supplied, which in the condenser device 88 absorbs thermal energy and is thereby heated. The heated fluid is then returned via the condenser 92 from the capacitor device 88 decoupled.

In this way, in the latent heat storage elements 16 stored thermal energy are decoupled.

The extracted thermal energy can be converted into electrical energy, for example, by executing a steam power process using the generator device 96 respectively.

The energy storage device 102 basically has the same functionality as the energy storage device 10 .

At the energy storage device 122 thermal energy is coupled into the energy storage device by means of the electrical heating device 158 . To do this, the heating elements 164 applied with an electrical current and / or an electrical voltage, so that they are heated. The heat generated in this way is transferred to the latent heat storage elements 16 submitted and stored in them.

The extraction of thermal energy takes place in the energy storage device 122 by means of the cooling channels 142 and the heat exchange element 144 .

At the energy storage device 122 is in the interior 26th for example a gas atmosphere is formed. When rotating the rotating element 22nd that flows in the interior 26th located gas via the distribution channel 150 in the cooling channels 142 a. Due to the rotation of the rotating element 22nd the result is a gas flow radially outwards, so that the gas passes through the cooling channels 142 at their radially outer ends 148 leaves and on the heat exchange element 144 meets.

When the gas flows through the cooling channels 142 the gas takes thermal energy from the latent heat storage elements 16 on, whereby the latent heat storage elements 16 be cooled and the gas is heated.

The heated gas hits the heat exchange element 144 . The thermal energy absorbed by the gas is then transferred by means of the heat exchange element 144 from the interior 26th decoupled.

For this purpose, the heat exchange element 144 with a working fluid flowing through it, which absorbs heat from the gas. Thermal energy is thereby withdrawn from the gas located in the interior. The absorbed thermal energy of the working fluid can then, for example, by means of the condenser device 88 as above for the case of the wave heat exchange element 66 described, decouple.

Provision can be made for the capacitor device to convert the extracted thermal energy into electrical energy 88 an electrical generator device is assigned.

List of reference symbols

M1

Mass of the phase change medium

M2

Mass of the rotating element

G

Direction of gravity

10

Energy storage device

12

Thermal storage device

14th

Kinetic storage device

16

Latent heat storage element

18th

Phase change medium

20th

Flywheel element

22nd

Rotation element

24

Rotating element shaft

26th

inner space

28

casing

30th

Coupling device

32

Longitudinal central axis

34

First wall element

36

Second wall element

38

Lateral wall element

40

Radial direction

42

First opening element

44

Second opening element

46

Magnetic bearings

46a

First magnetic bearing

46b

Second magnetic bearing

48

Vacuum pump

50

Magnetic fluid seal

52

Electric motor device

54

Motor shaft

56

page

58

Magnetic coupling

60

Energy supply device

62

Electric coil device

64

Susceptor element

66

Wave heat exchange element

68

Wave interior

70

Riser section

72

Evaporator section

74

Upper end area

76

crossing

78

First end

80

Second ending

82

page

84

Condensate pump

86

Steam extraction device

88

Condenser device

90

Condenser supply

92

Condenser return

94

Condenser section

96

Generator device

98

Steam expander

100

Generator element

101

exclusion

102

Energy storage device

104

ball-bearing

106

Rotating element shaft

108

First end

110

Second ending

112

page

114

Motor housing

116

Coupling device

118

Wave interior

120

Wave heat exchange element

122

Energy storage device

124

Rotating element shaft

126

indentation

128

inside

130

First end

132

Second ending

134

structure

136

Holding area

138

Retaining element

140

Wall element

142

Cooling duct

144

Heat exchange element

146

Radial inner end

148

Radially outer end

150

Distribution channel

152

Radial inner end

154

First end

156

Second ending

158

Electric heater

160

Radially outer end

162

Radially outer side

164

Heating element

166

Retaining element

168

Circumferential direction

170

Gap area

172

inside

174

Valve device

176

Rotation element

178

Rotating element shaft

180

page

182

Isolation structure

184

Heat exchange element

186

Thermal structure

188

Support structure

190

Rotation element

192

Rotating element shaft

194

First page

196

Second page

198

First end

200

Second ending

202

Rotation element

204

Stator element

206

Midrange

208

Rotor element

210

Rotary feedthrough element

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• CN 108092457 A [0003]
• CN 105990949 A [0004]
• DE 2757336 A1 [0005]
• WO 2013/143766 A2 [0026]

Claims (20)

Energy storage device, comprising a thermal storage device (12) for storing thermal energy and a kinetic storage device (14) for storing kinetic energy, the thermal storage device (12) having at least one latent heat storage element (16) for storing the thermal energy, and wherein the kinetic storage device (14) has at least one movable flywheel element (20) for storing the kinetic energy, and a coupling device (30) for coupling thermal and / or kinetic energy into the energy storage device and decoupling thermal and / or kinetic energy from the energy storage device, characterized that the at least one flywheel element (20) is at least partially formed by the at least one latent heat storage element (16). Energy storage device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the kinetic storage device (14) has at least one rotation element (22; 176; 190; 202) with a rotation element shaft (24; 106; 124; 178; 192) which is non-rotatably connected to the at least one latent heat storage element (16) is. Energy storage device according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the at least one rotary element (22; 176; 190; 202) is arranged in an interior (26) of a housing (28) of the energy storage device, and in particular characterized in that the rotary element shaft (24; 106; 124; 178 ; 192) is rotatably mounted on the housing by means of at least one magnetic bearing (46) and / or by means of at least one ball bearing (104). Energy storage device according to Claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the rotary element shaft (24; 106; 124; 178; 192) is connected to a motor shaft (54) by means of a magnetic coupling element (58) to accelerate and / or decelerate the at least one rotary element (22; 176; 190; 202) is coupled, and in particular characterized in that the coupling element (58) is or comprises a magnetic reluctance coupling. Energy storage device according to Claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the rotary element shaft (24; 106; 124; 178; 192) is connected in one piece to a motor shaft (54) for accelerating and / or decelerating the at least one rotary element (22; 176; 190; 202). Energy storage device according to one of the Claims 2 to 5 , characterized in that the coupling device (30) is assigned an electrical heating device (158) for coupling heat into the at least one latent heat storage element (16), the electrical heating device (158) on the at least one latent heat storage element (16) and / or on the at least one rotation element (22; 176; 190; 202) is arranged. Energy storage device according to one of the Claims 2 to 6th , characterized in that a plurality of latent heat storage elements (16) with the rotating element shaft (24; 106; 124; 178; 192) are connected non-rotatably, that the coupling device (30) at least one cooling channel (142) and at least one heat exchange element (144) for Decoupling of heat from the latent heat storage elements (16) are assigned that the at least one cooling channel (142) is arranged on the at least one rotation element (22; 176; 190; 202) between adjacent latent heat storage elements (16), and that the at least one heat exchange element (144) is arranged at a distance from a radially outer end (148) of the at least one cooling channel (142). Energy storage device according to Claim 7 , characterized in that the at least one heat exchange element (144) is arranged on a wall element (34; 36; 38) of a housing (28) of the energy storage device and / or stationary with respect to a wall element (34; 36; 38) of a housing (28) of the energy storage device, and in particular characterized in that the at least one heat exchange element (144) is arranged on an inner side (172) of the wall element (34; 36; 38) opposite the radially outer end (148) of the at least one cooling channel (142) . Energy storage device according to Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that the at least one cooling channel (142) at the radially outer end (148) in a gap region (170) between the at least one rotation element (22; 176; 190; 202) and a wall element (34; 36; 38) a housing (28) of the energy storage device opens. Energy storage device according to one of the Claims 7 to 9 , characterized in that a distribution channel (150) for supplying fluid to the at least one cooling channel (142) is arranged at a radially inner end (146) of the at least one cooling channel (142), and in particular characterized in that the distribution channel (150 ) at least approximately parallel to the rotary element shaft (24; 106; 124; 178; 192) and / or to a longitudinal center axis (32) of the at least a rotation element (22; 176; 190; 202) is oriented. Energy storage device according to one of the Claims 2 to 10 , characterized in that the coupling device (30) is assigned a shaft heat exchange element (66; 120) for extracting heat from the at least one latent heat storage element, the shaft heat exchange element (66; 120) on the rotating element shaft (24; 106; 124 ; 178; 192) is arranged and / or is integrated into the rotary element shaft (24; 106; 124; 178; 192). Energy storage device according to Claim 11 , characterized in that the rotary element shaft (24; 106; 124; 178; 192) is designed as a hollow shaft, and that the shaft heat exchange element (66; 120) in a shaft interior (68; 118) of the rotary element shaft (24; 106 ; 124; 178; 192) is arranged Energy storage device according to Claim 11 or 12 , characterized in that the wave heat exchange element (66; 120) has a riser section (70) for working fluid and an evaporator section (72) following the riser section (70) in relation to a flow direction of the working fluid, and in particular characterized in that at least one Part of the riser section (70) is arranged within at least a part of the evaporator section (72). Energy storage device according to one of the Claims 2 to 13th , characterized in that the rotary element shaft (24; 106; 124; 178; 192) and / or a shaft heat exchange element (66; 120) arranged on the rotary element shaft (24; 106; 124; 178; 192) by at least one wall element ( 34; 36; 38) of a housing (38) of the energy storage device is immersed and / or passed through. Energy storage device according to one of the Claims 2 to 14th , characterized in that a mass fraction of a mass (M1) of a phase change medium (18) of the at least one latent heat storage element (16) in a mass (M2) of the at least one rotation element (22; 176; 190; 202) is at least 50% and in particular at least 70 % and in particular at least 80% and in particular at least 90%. Energy storage device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling device (30) is assigned a coil device (62) and at least one susceptor element (64), the at least one susceptor element (64) being thermally effectively connected to the at least one latent heat storage element (16) is. Energy storage device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one latent heat storage element (16) is coupled to a motor device (54), wherein the at least one latent heat storage element (16) can be accelerated and / or decelerated by means of the motor device (54). Energy storage device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal storage device (12) and the kinetic storage device (14) are arranged within an interior (26) of a housing (28) of the energy storage device, and in particular characterized in that in the interior ( 26) a negative pressure region is formed and / or that in the interior space (26) a gas atmosphere with a gas is formed which has a lower density than air. A method for energy storage in which thermal energy is stored by means of a thermal storage device (12), the thermal storage device (12) having at least one latent heat storage element (16) for storing the thermal energy, in which kinetic energy is stored by means of a kinetic storage device (14) wherein the kinetic storage device (14) has at least one movable flywheel element (20) for storing the kinetic energy, and wherein the at least one flywheel element (20) is at least partially formed by the at least one latent heat storage element (16), and in which the thermal and / or kinetic energy is coupled into the energy storage device and / or is decoupled from the energy storage device by means of a coupling device (30). Procedure according to Claim 19 , characterized in that the at least one latent heat storage element (16) is set in motion and / or rotation to store the kinetic energy.

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