DE102019100744A1 - Method of manufacturing an article of footwear and article of footwear - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing an article of footwear (1), wherein at least a section of the article of footwear (1) is produced in a knitting process that reinforces the knitted fabric, the knitting process comprising the following steps: - in a first row, alternately producing one first and a second stitch (M1, M2), the first stitch (M1) being a knitted stitch and the second stitch (M2) being produced by lifting an immediately following stitch on the left and placing the thread in front of the stitch ; - in a second row immediately following the first row, the stitch pattern is shifted by one stitch, in such a way that the stitch knitted in the first row on the left is lifted off and the thread is placed in front of the work and that in the first row on the left lifted stitch is knitted as the right stitch.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a piece of footwear, for example a sock, and to such a piece of footwear.

Socks made of an at least partially synthetic material are well known. Socks of this type have the disadvantage that synthetic fibers absorb little or no moisture compared to natural fibers, so that the foot tends to sweat, since the moisture released by the foot cannot be removed.

Socks made from natural fiber yarn are also known. A major disadvantage with such socks, however, is that natural fiber yarns have a lower abrasion resistance than yarns made of at least partially synthetic material and therefore, with socks made of natural fiber yarn, signs of wear, in particular holes, can form after a short wearing time, especially in the area of the heel section and the toe section.

Based on this, it is an object of the invention to provide a method for producing an article of footwear which has a high durability.

The object is achieved by a method having the features of independent patent claim 1. Preferred embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims. A corresponding article of footwear is the subject of the independent claim 14.

According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a method for producing an article of footwear.

• - in einer ersten Reihe, abwechselndes Herstellen einer ersten und einer zweiten Masche, wobei die erste Masche eine rechts gestrickte Masche ist und die zweite Masche dadurch hergestellt wird, dass eine unmittelbar folgende Masche links abgehoben wird und der Faden vor die Masche gelegt wird; und
• - in einer auf die erste Reihe unmittelbar folgenden zweiten Reihe das Maschenbild um eine Masche versetzt wird, und zwar derart, dass die in der ersten Reihe rechts gestrickte Masche links abgehoben und der Faden vor die Arbeit gelegt wird und die in der ersten Reihe links abgehobene Masche als rechte Masche gestrickt wird.

At least a portion of the article of footwear is manufactured in rows in a knitting process which reinforces the knitted fabric. The knitting process has the following steps:

• - in a first row, alternately producing a first and a second stitch, the first stitch being a stitch knitted on the right and the second stitch being produced by lifting an immediately following stitch on the left and placing the thread in front of the stitch; and
• - in a second row immediately following the first row, the stitch pattern is shifted by one stitch, in such a way that the stitch knitted in the first row is lifted to the left and the thread is placed in front of the work and the one in the first row is lifted to the left Stitch is knitted as the right stitch.

The technical advantage of the method according to the invention is that by changing the stitches in a row and the transverse offset by one stitch between two successive rows, a very narrow mesh structure is achieved, which is similar to a woven structure and thereby significantly increases the abrasion resistance of the footwear item .

According to one embodiment, the section of the footwear item is manufactured in rounds. In other words, a row runs around the respective manufactured section. As a result, the basic stitch pattern can advantageously be achieved with the alternating use of the first and second stitch.

According to one embodiment, the stitches are at least temporarily strung on four needles to produce the section of the footwear item. As a result, the section of the footwear item can also be produced with necessary decreases in the number of stitches and tapering, tapering sections.

According to one embodiment, to produce a decrease in stitches at a transition between a first needle and a second needle, either two left stitches are lifted off the first needle and the thread is placed in front of the work and two right stitches are knitted together on the second needle, or on the On the first needle, two right stitches are knitted together, on the second needle, two left stitches are lifted off and the thread is placed in front of the work. As a result, a continuous basic pattern of alternating first and second stitches can be maintained despite the decrease in stitch.

According to one embodiment, when successive stitches are removed, the successive basic pattern stitch sequence consisting of the right stitch and the stitch raised on the left is retained. As a result, the stitch offset by one stitch between two successive rows or rounds can always be maintained despite the decrease in stitch.

According to one embodiment, a row or round with acceptance and a row or round without acceptance are alternately produced after the start of acceptance. In other words, every other row or round is decreased. This can cause a advantageous shape can be achieved in the area of the heel section and / or the toe section of the footwear item.

According to one embodiment, after the desired height of the section has been reached, the knitted fabric is turned to the left and cast off. The number of needles can be reduced before chaining off, the stitches of a needle to be removed being distributed over one or more of the remaining needles.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the section of the footwear item is a heel section and / or a toe section surrounding the toes of a stocking. The use of the method for these sections has the advantage that the strongest friction effects typically occur there and therefore the durability of the footwear item can be significantly increased.

According to one embodiment, to manufacture the heel section, two needles, which are used to produce a stocking height of the stocking, are shut down and stitches are cast on two further needles, in order to subsequently manufacture the heel section. As a result, a stitch part that is not initially produced using the knitting method according to the invention can be shut down, and the heel section can nevertheless be made in rounds by adding two new needles.

According to one embodiment, a one-sided removal is first carried out to produce the toe section. This allows the toe section to taper on one side.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the stitches are distributed between the needles during manufacture of the toe section after reaching a lower stitch threshold value and decreases are carried out on both sides of the toe section. As a result, after the production of a part of the toe section that tapers in on one side, a further part can then be connected, which tapers symmetrically due to the bilateral decreases.

According to one embodiment, the stitch threshold is in the range between 20% and 30% of the number of stitches originally on the needles. An advantageous shape of the toe section can thereby be achieved.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the decreases are carried out in every second row or lap both during the production of the heel section and during the production of the toe section. As a result, a tapering of the respective section in the mesh basic pattern used can be achieved which is adapted to the shape of the human foot.

• - in einer ersten Reihe einer erste und eine zweite Masche abwechseln, wobei die erste Masche eine rechts gestrickte Masche ist und die zweite Masche eine links abgehobene Masche mit vorgelegtem Faden ist;
• - in einer auf die erste Reihe unmittelbar folgenden zweiten Reihe das Maschenbild um eine Masche versetzt ist, und zwar derart, dass die in der ersten Reihe rechts gestrickte Masche links abgehoben ist und einen vorgelegten Faden aufweist und die in der erste Reihe links abgehobene Masche als rechte Masche gestrickt ist.

According to a further aspect, the invention relates to an article of footwear. The article of footwear comprises a heel section enclosing the heel and a toe section enclosing the toes, the heel section and / or the toe section being formed by a knitting pattern in which

• - alternate a first and a second stitch in a first row, the first stitch being a stitch knitted on the right and the second stitch being a stitch lifted on the left with the thread placed on it;
• - In a second row immediately following the first row, the stitch pattern is offset by one stitch, in such a way that the stitch knitted in the first row is lifted off to the left and has a thread and the stitch lifted off in the first row as right stitch is knitted.

According to one embodiment, the footwear is made from a natural fiber yarn without a synthetic component. Footwear made according to the invention from a natural fiber yarn has a high durability since the knitting process achieves a narrow mesh structure which prevents the footwear from quickly being worn through in the area of the heel or toe area.

“Footwear item” in the sense of the present invention means in particular socks, stockings or tights.

For the purposes of the invention, the terms “approximately”, “essentially” or “approximately” mean deviations from the respectively exact value by +/- 10%, preferably by +/- 5% and / or deviations in the form of changes which are insignificant for the function .

Further developments, advantages and possible uses of the invention also result from the following description of exemplary embodiments and from the figures. All of the features described and / or illustrated are, in themselves or in any combination, fundamentally the subject of the invention, regardless of how they are summarized in the claims or their relationship. The content of the claims is also made part of the description.

• 1 beispielhaft und schematisch ein Fußbekleidungsstück in einer schematischen seitlichen Darstellung;
• 2 beispielhaft ein Maschenbild, bei dem sich eine rechts gestrickte Masche und eine links abgehobene Masche abwechseln.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures using exemplary embodiments. Show it:

• 1 an example and schematically a piece of footwear in a schematic side view;
• 2nd an example of a stitch pattern in which a stitch knitted on the right and a stitch lifted off on the left alternate.

1 shows an article of footwear 1 in a schematic side view. The footwear item 1 is for example a stocking, also called a sock. The footwear item 1 is, for example, a knitted stocking that is in a first partial area with at least one first method and in another section of the footwear item 1 is manufactured with a second method. In particular, the heel section 1.1 and the toe section 1.2 made with a process that gives the knitted fabric a high abrasion resistance. This can delay undesired chafing and thus the useful life of the footwear 1 be enlarged.

• Zum Fertigen eines Fußbekleidungsstück 1 wird zunächst der Schaft 2 gefertigt. Dies erfolgt beispielsweise durch Stricken in Runden, bis eine gewünschte Schafthöhe erreicht wurde. Vorzugsweise werden hier vier Nadeln (erste bis vierte Nadel) verwendet, und zwar von der rückwärtigen Mitte aus im Uhrzeiger gesehen die erste bis vierte Nadel, zuzüglich einer weiteren Nadel als Arbeitsnadel.

This process is described in more detail below:

• For making a piece of footwear 1 first the shaft 2nd manufactured. This is done, for example, by knitting in rounds until a desired shaft height has been reached. Four needles (first to fourth needles) are preferably used here, namely the first to fourth needles, seen from the rear center in clockwise direction, plus an additional needle as a working needle.

Then around the heel section 1.1 To be able to manufacture, right stitches are first knitted on the first needle. Then two needles are used to manufacture the shaft 2nd the second and third needles were used. These needles are subsequently required for further knitting in the area of the instep or instep.

In addition, stitches are cast on two new needles around the heel section 1.1 knit in the round using four needles (plus another work needle). These new needles are the fifth and sixth needles. The stitches are cast on the new needles preferably in the cross stitch. The same number of stitches that were present on each of the two disused needles is preferably cast on the new needles.

On the fourth needle, which is already used to manufacture the shaft 2nd right stitches are knitted again.

Then, for example, knitting a round of right stitches based on the first, fifth, sixth and fourth needles (order indicates the position of the needles clockwise). In this round, one stitch is preferably twisted from the crosswire to the right in order to obtain an odd number of stitches in the round.

The heel section is then produced in a basic mesh pattern, which is described in more detail below.

The basic stitch pattern consists of a stitch knitted on the right, followed by the first stitch M1 called, and a stitch lifted to the left, with the thread placed in front of the work, followed by a second stitch M2 called. When knitting a round, apart from any decreases, these first and second stitches alternate continuously, that is, a stitch that is knitted on the right is followed by a stitch that is lifted on the left, with the thread placed in front of the work, and vice versa.

In 2nd is an alternating sequence of first and second stitches on the needles M1 , M2 shown.

In this basic stitch pattern, a round is knitted, the round comprising, as previously described, the first, fifth, sixth and fourth needles.

After this round has been knitted, in the next round, which is also knitted in the previously described basic stitch pattern, the stitch pattern is shifted by one stitch. The stitch knitted on the right in the previous round is lifted off to the left and the thread is placed in front of the work, while the stitch that is left on the previous round is knitted as a right stitch. This results in a transverse offset by one stitch between immediately successive rounds.

For example, after working two rounds in the basic stitch pattern described above, a decrease is made around the heel section 1.1 to rejuvenate. The number of stitches is reduced by knitting together the last two stitches lined up on a needle - as can be seen from the stitch sequence in the basic stitch pattern. It should be noted that - assuming the needle sequence described above consisting of first, fifth, sixth and fourth needle - the decreases at the transition between the first and fifth needles and between the sixth and fourth needles.

The stitches are decreased in more detail in such a way that in the event that the third last stitch on the respective needle is a right stitch, the last two stitches are lifted off to the left and the thread is placed in front of the work. In the other case, i.e. if the third to last stitch on the respective needle is a stitch that is lifted to the left, the last two stitches are knitted together as right stitches.

In order to make the decrease symmetrical and to keep the alternating stitch sequence in the basic stitch pattern, the first two stitches lined up on the next needle are inversely knitted together, i.e. For example, in the transition from the first to the fifth needle, when the last two stitches of the first needle are lifted off to the left and the thread is placed before work, the first two stitches of the fifth needle are knitted together as right stitches. Conversely, if, for example, during the transition from the first to the fifth needle, the last two stitches of the first needle were knitted together as right stitches, the first two stitches of the fifth needle are knitted together as left stitches and the thread is placed before work.

As a result, the alternating sequence of right stitch and stitch lifted left can be maintained with the thread placed before the work.

Then rounds are worked in the basic stitch pattern, with the immediately successive rounds being offset by one stitch and a decrease taking place every second round.

If the desired height of the heel section 1.1 the number of needles used is preferably reduced, ie the remaining stitches are distributed over two needles. The knitted fabric is then turned inside out and cast off.

Then the midfoot area of the footwear item 1 between heel section 1.1 and toe section 1.2 manufactured. As previously stated, the second and third needles were used to manufacture the heel section 1.1 shut down. These are now being reused. It also attaches to the heel section 1.1 then the first and fourth needles repositioned to cover the midfoot area between the heel section with at least four needles (plus another working needle) 1.1 and toe section 1.2 to be able to manufacture. The stitches are cast in such a way that from the end region of the heel section 1.1 The number of stitches originally used for the first and fourth needles are recorded from the center back.

Then the midfoot area between the heel section 1.1 and toe section 1.2 manufactured in the desired length. Again, this is preferably done in rounds.

When the desired length has been reached, a stitch is increased again, i.e. one stitch is knitted out of the cross thread to get an odd number of stitches. The increase in stitch can, for example, already take place in a round which was produced in the previously described basic stitch pattern (change from right stitch and stitch lifted to the left with thread lying before work).

A determination is then made as to whether it is a right or left footwear item 1 acts. This is necessary to start the asymmetrical decrease in stitches on the right side.

The stitch is decreased analogously to the heel, but initially only on one side, for example between the first and second needles in a left footwear item 1 .

The stitches are decreased in more detail in such a way that in the event that, for example, the third to last stitch on the first needle is a right stitch, the last two stitches are lifted off to the left and the thread is placed in front of the work. In the other case, i.e. For example, if the third to last stitch on the first needle is a stitch that is lifted to the left, the last two stitches are knitted together as right stitches.

In order to maintain the alternating stitch sequence in the basic stitch pattern, the first two stitches, for example lined up on the second needle, are knitted together inversely, i.e. When the last two stitches of the first needle have been raised on the left and the thread has been placed before work, the first two stitches of the second needle are knitted together as right stitches.

Then, as before, in connection with the manufacture of the heel section 1.1 described, the rounds are made continuously in the basic stitch pattern, with every second round taking a stitch decrease.

If the decrease in the stitches has resulted in the number of stitches on the needles on which the stitch decrease is carried out falling below a threshold value, for example only about a quarter of the original number of stitches present on the needles, the stitches of the needles, from which there was no decrease, evenly or essentially evenly distributed over the needles from which the decreases were made. In other words, the stitches are preferably divided such that the same or essentially the same number of stitches is located on each needle.

After the stitches have been distributed, the knitting is continued in the basic stitch pattern, the stitch decrease now taking place symmetrically, i.e. not only between a pair of needles (e.g. between the first and second needles) but between the two pairs of needles (i.e. between first and second needles and between third and fourth needles) Needle). The type of stitch decrease takes place in the same way as before in connection with the heel section 1.1 has been described.

If the desired tapering of the toe section 1.2 the remaining stitches are distributed on two needles, the knitted fabric is turned inside out and the stitches are cast off.

The method described above, in particular the use of a right stitch and a stitch lifted to the left with a thread placed in front of the work, gives a very close-knit knitted fabric. This has a high abrasion resistance, so that even when using a natural fiber yarn without a synthetic component or only a very small synthetic component (for example less than 2%) for the manufacture of the footwear item 1 a long shelf life is achieved.

The invention has been described above using exemplary embodiments. It goes without saying that numerous changes and modifications are possible without thereby leaving the scope of protection defined by the patent claims.

Reference list

1

Footwear

1.1

Heel section

1.2

Toe section

2nd

shaft

M1

first stitch

M2

second stitch

Claims (15)

Method for producing an article of footwear (1), wherein at least a section of the article of footwear (1) is produced in a knitting process which reinforces the knitted fabric, the knitting process comprising the following steps: - In a first row, alternately producing a first and a second stitch (M1, M2), the first stitch (M1) being a stitch knitted on the right and the second stitch (M2) being produced by lifting an immediately following stitch on the left and the thread is placed in front of the stitch; - in a second row immediately following the first row, the stitch pattern is shifted by one stitch, in such a way that the stitch knitted in the first row is lifted to the left and the thread is placed in front of the work and the one in the first row is lifted to the left Stitch is knitted as the right stitch. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the section of the footwear (1) is made in rounds. Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2nd , characterized in that for producing the section of the footwear item (2) the stitches are at least temporarily lined up on four needles. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in order to produce a decrease in stitches at a transition between a first needle and a second needle, either two stitches on the left are raised and the thread is placed before work and on the second Needle two right stitches are knitted together, or two right stitches are knitted together on the first needle and two left stitches are lifted off on the second needle and the thread is placed before work. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when stitches are removed, the successive basic pattern stitch sequence of right stitch and stitch raised on the left is retained. Procedure according to Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that after the start of acceptance, a row or round with acceptance and a row or round without acceptance are alternately produced. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after reaching the desired height of the section, the knitted fabric is turned to the left and cast off. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the section of the article of footwear (1) Heel section (1.1) and / or a toe section (1.2) enclosing the toes of a stocking. Procedure according to Claim 8 , characterized in that for the manufacture of the heel section (1.1) two needles, which were used to produce a shaft height of the stocking, are shut down and loops are cast on two further needles in order to subsequently manufacture the heel section (1.1). Procedure according to Claim 8 or 9 , characterized in that for the manufacture of the toe section (1.2) a one-sided removal is carried out first. Procedure according to one of the Claims 8 to 10th , characterized in that after reaching a lower stitch threshold, the stitches are distributed between the needles and decreases are carried out on both sides of the toe section (1.2). Procedure according to Claim 11 , characterized in that the stitch threshold lies in the range between 20% and 30% of the number of stitches originally located on the needles. Procedure according to one of the Claims 10 to 12th , characterized in that the decreases are carried out in every second row or round. Article of footwear, in particular stocking, comprising a heel section (1.1) enclosing the heel and a toe section (1.2) enclosing the toes, the heel section (1.1) and / or the toe section (1.2) being formed by a knitting pattern in which - alternate in a first row a first and a second stitch (M1, M2), the first stitch (M1) being a stitch knitted on the right and the second stitch (M2) being a stitch lifted on the left with the thread being put in place; - In a second row immediately following the first row, the stitch pattern is offset by one stitch, in such a way that the stitch knitted in the first row on the right is raised on the left and has a thread and the stitch in the first row on the left as right stitch is knitted. Footwear item after Claim 14 , characterized in that it is made from a natural fiber yarn without a synthetic component.

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