DE102019000124A1 - Reinforced concrete structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a concrete structure (1) with a concrete component (2), with an anchor rail (3) or a dowel element (3 '), the anchor rail (3) or the dowel element (3') carrying at least one acoustic decoupling element (8) , The decoupling element (8) carries an add-on part (9), the decoupling element (8) having at least two insulating layers (10, 11), a holding plate (12a), and two cover elements (12b, 12c), the insulating layers (10 , 11) and the holding plate (12a) are arranged alternately stacked and are closed off by the cover elements (12b, 12c) on the outside of the free main surfaces of the insulating layers (10, 11), the decoupling element (8) resting on the concrete component (2) or in Distance is arranged, a fastening element (15) being provided, bracing the two cover elements (12b, 12c) against one another, compressing the insulation layers (10, 11) in a defined manner orthogonal to their main surfaces, and arranging a spacer element (15a) t is the dimension of the longitudinal extent between the two cover elements (12b, 12c) that defines the compression of the insulation layers (10, 11).

Description

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a concrete structure with a concrete component, wherein at least one anchor rail is built into the concrete component, which is essentially C-shaped with an anchor rail base and two anchor rail legs, the free ends of the anchor rail legs forming an anchor rail slot, or at least in the concrete component a dowel element is installed, the anchor rail or the dowel element carrying at least one acoustic decoupling element, and the decoupling element carrying an add-on part, the decoupling element having at least two insulating layers made of an elastically deformable organic polymer and at least one holding plate made of a metal material carrying the add-on part and two the mutually opposite sides of the decoupling element arranged cover elements, the insulating layers and the holding plate alternately stacked and from the cover elements outside the free main surfaces d he insulation layers are completed, wherein the decoupling element rests with a first cover element on the concrete component above the anchor rail legs or above the dowel element or is arranged at a parallel distance from the anchor rail legs or the dowel element, the decoupling element being connected to the anchor rail or dowel element in that at least one fastening element is provided which extends through the decoupling element in the orthogonal direction to the insulation layers, the holding plate and the cover elements, with one end being fastened in the anchor rail or in the dowel element, and at the other end with a tensioning element arranged on the outside of a second cover element the two cover elements braced against each other, compressing the insulation layers orthogonal to their main surfaces.

State of the art and background of the invention

Add-on parts attached to reinforced concrete components via anchor channels can be exposed to mechanical vibrations and structure-borne noise, for example in the case of add-on parts for attaching elevator guide rails, in which the moving elevator generates sound from a wide variety of sources, up to the sound of opening or closing doors even when the elevator is stationary. This sound is transmitted as a whole via fastening elements and propagates in particular as structure-borne noise in the concrete structure. This is annoying for obvious reasons.

Various technologies for decoupling structure-borne noise are known from the prior art. For example, reference is only made to the references EP 2022902 B1 , EP 1098043 A1 , DE 2751175 C2 , CN 20356863 U , CN 204917544 U , DE 3110237 A1 , DE 10143552 A1 , DE 112014002942 T5 , and US 8,789,651 referred. If anchor channels are addressed here, sound decoupling typically takes place between the anchor channel and the reinforced concrete component, for example by encasing the anchor channel with a rubber-elastic mass, whereby the anchor channel is decoupled from the reinforced concrete component. This is expensive to manufacture because the disruption of the bond between steel and concrete leads to a reduced load-bearing capacity. In addition, repair of such a sound decoupling embedded in concrete is practically impossible.

From the literature DE 10 2017 009 690 A1 is a concrete structure of the structure mentioned above.

Common to the state of the art is that the assembly of the insulation layers and the defined sound decoupling properties are difficult to define. The results essentially depend on the individual assembly by persons and the fastening forces, such as torque, applied by these persons to fastening elements.

Technical problem of the invention

The invention is therefore based on the technical problem of specifying a concrete structure in which an add-on part is acoustically decoupled from a concrete component, but at least the transmission of structure-borne noise is reduced, the structure being simple and, if necessary, also simple to repair by exchanging decoupling elements . In addition, the reduction in the transmission of structure-borne noise should be improved. In particular, the acoustic properties should be predefined and defined, regardless of the different working methods of assembly personnel.

Basics of the invention and preferred embodiments

To solve this technical problem, the invention teaches the subject matter of claim 1.

The invention has the advantage that optimal sound decoupling can be achieved in relation to structure-borne noise. In addition, such a decoupling element can be implemented in a simple manner be dimensioned in accordance with the sound intensity and the frequencies for specific applications, namely by selecting and setting up the insulation layers and the holding plates with regard to the dimensions and by selecting the polymer, so that optimum absorption of structure-borne noise takes place.

In particular, the invention also offers the possibility of retrofitting decoupling elements according to the invention after the completion of the bodyshell or after the attachment has been attached. The invention is therefore also suitable for renovation cases of old concrete or reinforced concrete structures, even if decoupling elements according to the invention were not originally planned.

The main advantage of the invention, however, is that the acoustic properties of the decoupling element can not only be predetermined and defined, but that the defined properties are also reproducibly maintained, regardless of the assembly procedures.

The acoustic properties are determined by the material properties of the insulation layers and are coordinated with the defined compression of the insulation layers in the direction orthogonal to the insulation layers. The compression in turn results from the difference between the sum of the thicknesses of the insulation layers plus the thickness of the holding plate and the free length of the spacer element between the cover elements. Each insulation layer is then compressed (with the same material properties) by half this difference. In the case of insulation layers of different material properties, the distribution of the compression of different layers then depends on the ratio of the elasticity modules of the different insulation layers. Overall, the choice of the materials of the insulation layers in connection with their thickness in coordination with the length of the spacer elements allows the formwork properties, for example also resonance frequencies, to be controlled and adjusted. And without having to check this during assembly on site.

There are various options for further training.

The elastic deformable organic polymer can be selected from the group consisting of: rubber-elastic materials, in particular NBR, HNBR, EPM, EPDM, APTK, MVQ, VMQ, MFQ, FVMQ, FPM, FKM, ACM, FFKM, FFPM, CR, CSM, AU, EU, IIR, NR, preferably PUR elastomer, PUR, PE, PP, ABS, APEBR, COC, CSM, ETFE, EVA, EVM, FEP, PA, PBT, PC, PEEK, PET, PI, PIB, PMI , PMMA, PS, PTFE, PVAL, PVC, SAN, SI, TPE and adhesive sealants based on polyurethane. For example, rubber granules with PUR elastomers are particularly preferred.

Different insulation layers can consist of the same material or of different materials.

In the frequency range from 10 Hz to 500 Hz, the decoupling element can have a (hemispherical or total) sound absorption level of at least 10%, in particular at least 30%, preferably at least 50%, most preferably at least 70%.

The attachment can be formed in particular by fastening angles of an elevator guide rail.

Various variants are possible in a constructive form.

In general, and without being limited to the variant described here, fastening elements, for example screws, bolts or the like. be. In the case of fastening elements which connect an add-on part or a decoupling element to an anchor rail, the fastening element can in particular be an anchor rail screw. The head of an anchor channel screw is aligned in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the anchor channel slot and inserted into the anchor channel slot. After rotation, typically around 90 °, opposite ends of the head of the anchor rail screw engage behind the free ends of the anchor rail legs and hold the head in the anchor rail. An attachment or a decoupling element can then be pushed on and screwed onto the opposite end of the anchor rail screw. In the case of fastening elements which connect an add-on part or a decoupling element to a dowel element installed in the concrete component, the fastening element can in particular be a dowel screw or dowel bolt matched to the dowel element. Holding plates and / or fastening elements and / or cover plates are typically formed from a metallic material, in particular steel.

The thickness of the insulation layers can range from 1 to 80 mm, in particular 5 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 50 mm, for example 10 to 30 mm. The thickness of the holding plates is in the range from 1 to 50 mm, in particular 5 to 30 mm, preferably 10 to 20 mm.

One end of the spacer element can be connected to one of the two cover elements in a form-fitting, force-fitting or material-locking manner.

If the fastening element or connecting element is, for example, screws or bolts, then the spacer element can be a spacer sleeve with a tubular shape, which is then pushed onto the screw or the bolt or into which the screw or the bolt is inserted.

The holding plate can carry a fastening bracket for fastening the attachment part on the end face and at a distance from the insulating layers and the cover elements.

The holding plate can have at least one second fastening element, which extends orthogonally from a main surface and away from the concrete structure, which passes through an insulation layer and is free from the cover layers, to which the attachment part can be fastened.

A concrete structure according to the invention can in particular be designed as an elevator shaft, the add-on part preferably being formed by the fastening angles of an elevator guide rail.

The invention further relates to an acoustic decoupling element according to claim 10. The above and following statements regarding the concrete structure can be applied analogously to the acoustic decoupling element.

• 1: einen schematischen Querschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes (Stahl-) Betonbauwerk mit zwei Varianten der Befestigung eines Entkopplungselements an einem Betonbauteil, einmal an einer Ankerschiene (a), einmal an einem Dübelelement (b),
• 2: einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine erste Variante eines erfindungsgemäßen Entkopplungelements, in zwei Ansichten (a und b),
• 3: einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine zweite Variante eines erfindungsgemäßen Entkopplungelements, in zwei Ansichten (a und b),
• 4: zwei Außenansichten (a: Seitenansicht, b: Ansicht einer Stirnseite) einer dritten Variante der Erfindung, und
• 5: eine Querschnittszeichnung (a) und eine Explosionsdarstellung (b) der Komponenten des Gegenstandes der 4.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to figures which merely illustrate exemplary embodiments. Show it

• 1 : a schematic cross section through a (steel) concrete structure according to the invention with two variants for fastening a decoupling element to a concrete component, once on an anchor rail (a), once on a dowel element (b),
• 2nd : a schematic cross section through a first variant of a decoupling element according to the invention, in two views (a and b),
• 3rd : a schematic cross section through a second variant of a decoupling element according to the invention, in two views (a and b),
• 4th : two external views (a: side view, b: front view) of a third variant of the invention, and
• 5 : a cross-sectional drawing (a) and an exploded view (b) of the components of the subject of 4th .

In the 1a you can see a concrete structure 1 , for example a concrete structure, with a reinforced concrete component 2nd , with an anchor rail in the concrete component 3rd is installed, which is essentially C-shaped with an anchor rail base 4th and two anchor rail legs 5 , 6 is formed, the free ends of the anchor rail legs 5 , 6 an anchor rail slot 7 form. The anchor channel 3rd carries at least one acoustic decoupling element 8th . The decoupling element 8th carries an attachment 9 , for example an elevator guide rail. As the first fastener 14 is an essentially T-shaped anchor rail screw 14 set up which the decoupling element 8th with the anchor rail 3rd connects. Second fasteners 15 connect the attachment 9 with the decoupling element 8th .

In the 1b you can also see a concrete structure 1 with a concrete component 2nd , but in the concrete component instead of an anchor rail 3rd a dowel element 3 ' is installed. The concrete component 2nd carries an acoustic decoupling element 8th . The decoupling element 8th carries an attachment 9 , for example an elevator guide rail. A first fastener 14 is set up, which is the decoupling element 8th with the dowel element 3 ' connects. Second fasteners 15 connect the attachment 9 with the decoupling element 8th .

In the following described 2nd to 4th different variants of decoupling elements can be used 8th and fastening details for this, which in the schematic representation of the 1 have been omitted. Common to all variants is that the decoupling element has two insulation layers 10th , 11 made of an elastically deformable organic polymer and at least one holding plate 12th made of a metal material. The decoupling element 8th is with a first main surface 13 on the concrete component 2nd adjacent or parallel to it. Furthermore, there are two on the opposite sides of the decoupling element 8th arranged cover elements 12b , 12c set up. The insulation layers 10th , 11 and the holding plate 12a are arranged alternately stacked and from the cover elements 12b , 12c outside of the free main surfaces of the insulation layers 10th , 11 completed. The decoupling element 8th is with the anchor rail 3rd or the dowel element 3 ' connected by two fasteners 15 (Anchor rail screws) are provided, which is the decoupling element 8th in the orthogonal direction to the insulation layers 10th , 11 , the holding plate 12a and the deck elements 12b , 12c reach through with one end in the anchor channel 3rd or the dowel element 3 ' are attached, and at the other end with an outside of a second cover element 12c arranged clamping element ( 15b) (Mother) the two deck elements 12b , 12c braced against each other. Here, the Insulation layers 10th , 11 defined compressed orthogonal to their main surfaces. Between the two cover elements 12b , 12c are in the area of fasteners 15 Spacers 15a (tubular spacers) is arranged, which the two insulation layers 10th , 11 and the holding plate 12a reach through, and their measure of longitudinal extension between the two cover elements 12b , 12c the compression of the insulation layers 10th , 11 Are defined. This can be compared to the 2a and 2 B remove. In the 2a are the tensioning elements 15a tightened so far that the two deck elements 12b , 12c on the end faces of the spacer elements 15a issue. In contrast, you can see in the 2 B in the upper area that the upper end face of the spacer 15a from the cover element 12c is spaced, and thus a compression of the insulation layers 10th , 11 not (yet).

The spacer elements 15a can be positively, non-positively or integrally with one of the two cover elements at one end 12b , 12c be connected, but they can also be free of both cover elements 12b , 12c be. The spacer elements are expedient 15a free of the holding plate 9 , in particular, an annular space between the spacer elements 15a and the holding plate 9 be set up. This is done in the holding plate 9 introduced a hole whose inner diameter is significantly larger, for example by more than 2 mm, than the outer diameter of a spacer element 15a . A ring made of an elastic material, for example a material such as for the insulation layers, can be inserted into this annular space 10th , 11 described (with the material of the insulation layers 10th , 11 identical or different to this).

In the embodiment of the 2nd carries the holding plate 12a two support bolts 16 with which an attachment 9 is connectable. Alternative fastening options are on the free-standing edges of the holding plate 12a , for example by integrally or materially or positively with an edge of a holding plate 12a connected bracket (see also 4th and 5 , as examples of this).

In the variant of 3rd there is the (only) difference to the subject of 2nd in that the decoupling element 8th not with anchor rail screws 14 on an anchor rail 3rd is fixed, but on dowel elements 3 ' which in the concrete component 2nd are introduced. The cover element points to this 12b side tabs, which using dowel screws 17th or dowel bolts 17th with the dowel elements 3rd , are connected.

In this variant, it is understood that the fasteners 15 preferably on the concrete component 2nd facing cover element 12b are attached, cohesively (e.g. welded on) or non-positively or positively (e.g. screwed or riveted). Otherwise, also in relation to the compression of the insulation layers 10th , 11 , becomes the explanations in the 2nd referenced, which apply accordingly. This variant would also be suitable for fastening using anchor rail screws in the concrete component 2nd concreted anchor channels are suitable.

In the 4th and 5 Another variant of the invention is shown, which differs from the above variants in the following details.

On the one hand, this embodiment is for optional attachment to an anchor rail 3rd or a dowel element 3 '. It can be seen that the decoupling element 8th in the representations of the 4b and 5a center symmetrical (except for the inner fastening of the spacer sleeves 15 a, if such a fastening is provided) is constructed, that is to say rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation lying in the plane of the drawing. A fitter does not need to pay attention to orientation.

Furthermore, from a comparative view the 4th and 5 seen that the holding plate 12a a support bracket on the edge 18th on which an attachment 9 is attachable. In particular, three lateral edges of the holding plate protrude 12a over the insulation layers 10th , 11 and the holding plates 12b , 12c in addition to carry a three-edged support collar, which ensures a particularly flexurally strong connection. There are also insulation rings 19th can be seen, which in an annular space between the spacer elements 15a and the holding plate 12a are inserted.

Fastening with anchor rail screws 14 on an anchor rail 3rd takes place analogously to the representation in 2nd . Fastening with a dowel element 3 ' takes place contrary to the representation in 3rd through the spacer. Should dowel elements installed subsequently for this 3 ' must be used through the spacer 15a be drilled. The spacer 15a prevents drilling dust (and mortar, if any) from entering the decoupling element 8th . Holes in protruding tabs 20 of the deck elements 12c and 12b enable an alternative fastening and pre-tensioning, for example with immediately load-bearing bolt anchors. This is particularly necessary if composite anchors are used for the actual fastening, which can generally only be tightened after the mortar has hardened.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• EP 2022902 B1 [0003]
• EP 1098043 A1 [0003]
• DE 2751175 C2 [0003]
• CN 20356863 U [0003]
• CN 204917544 U [0003]
• DE 3110237 A1 [0003]
• DE 10143552 A1 [0003]
• DE 112014002942 T5 [0003]
• US 8789651 [0003]
• DE 102017009690 A1 [0004]

Claims (10)

Concrete structure (1) with a concrete component (2), at least one anchor rail (3) is built into the concrete component (2) and is essentially C-shaped with an anchor rail base (4) and two anchor rail legs (5, 6), the free ends of the anchor rail legs (5, 6) form an anchor rail slot (7) to receive an essentially T-shaped anchor rail screw (14), or at least one dowel element (3 ') is installed in the concrete component (2), the anchor rail (3) or the dowel element (3 ') carrying at least one acoustic decoupling element (8), the decoupling element (8) carrying an add-on part (9), wherein the decoupling element (8) has at least two insulating layers (10, 11) made of an elastically deformable organic polymer and at least one holding plate (12a) carrying the add-on part (9) made of a metal material and two arranged on the opposite sides of the decoupling element (8) Has cover elements (12b, 12c), wherein the insulating layers (10, 11) and the holding plate (12a) are alternately stacked and are closed off by the cover elements (12b, 12c) on the outside of the free main surfaces of the insulating layers (10, 11), wherein the decoupling element (8) rests with a first cover element (12b) on the concrete component (2) above the anchor rail legs (5, 6) or above the dowel element (3 ') or at a parallel distance from the anchor rail legs (5, 6) or the Dowel element (3 ') is arranged, wherein the decoupling element (8) is connected to the anchor rail (3) or the dowel element (3 ') in that at least one fastening element (15) is provided which connects the decoupling element (8) in the orthogonal direction to the insulating layers (10, 11) , the holding plate (12a) and the cover elements (12b, 12c) passes through, with one end being fastened in the anchor rail (3) or in the dowel element (3 '), and at the other end with an outside of a second cover element (12c ) arranged clamping element (15a) bracing the two cover elements (12b, 12c) against each other, in this case compressing the insulating layers (10, 11) in a defined manner orthogonal to their main surfaces, and a spacer element (15a) is arranged between the two cover elements (12b, 12c) in the region of the fastening element (15), which extends through the two insulating layers (10, 11) and the holding plate (12a), and the dimension of the longitudinal extension between the the two cover elements (12b, 12c) defines the compression of the insulation layers (10, 11). Concrete structure (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the elastic deformable organic polymer is selected from the group consisting of: rubber-elastic materials, in particular NBR, HNBR, EPM, EPDM, APTK, MVQ, VMQ, MFQ, FVMQ, FPM, FKM, ACM, FFKM, FFPM, CR, CSM, AU, EU, IIR, NR, preferably PUR elastomer, PUR, PE, PP, ABS, APEBR, COC, CSM, ETFE, EVA, EVM, FEP, PA, PBT, PC, PEEK, PET, PI , PIB, PMI, PMMA, PS, PTFE, PVAL, PVC, SAN, SI, TPE and adhesive sealants based on polyurethane. Concrete structure (1) after Claim 1 or 2nd , characterized in that the decoupling element (8) in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 500 Hz has a hemispherical sound absorption level of at least 10%, in particular at least 30%, preferably at least 50%, most preferably at least 70%. Concrete structure (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 3rd , characterized in that the attachment (9) is an elevator guide rail or a mounting bracket of such an elevator guide rail. Concrete structure (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 4th , characterized in that the thickness of the insulating layers (10) is in the range from 1 to 80 mm, in particular 5 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 50 mm, for example 10 to 30 mm, and in that the thickness of the holding plates (12) Range from 1 to 50 mm, in particular 5 to 30 mm, preferably 10 to 20 mm. Concrete structure (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that one end of the spacer element (15a) is connected to one of the two cover elements (12b, 12c) in a positive, non-positive or material manner. Concrete structure (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the holding plate (12a) carries at the end face and at a distance from the insulating layers (10) and the cover elements (12b, 12c) a fastening bracket (18) for fastening the attachment part (9). Concrete structure (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that at least one, preferably two cover plates (12b, 12c) each carry at least one, preferably two mutually opposite tabs (20) extending laterally and in the plane of the cover plates (12b, 12c). Concrete structure (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th in the embodiment as an elevator shaft, the attachment (9) preferably a Elevator guide rail or mounting bracket of such an elevator guide rail. Acoustic decoupling element (8) for a concrete structure (1) with a concrete component (2), at least one anchor rail (3) being built into the concrete component (2), which is essentially C-shaped with an anchor rail base (4) and two anchor rail legs ( 5, 6), the free ends of the anchor rail legs (5, 6) forming an anchor rail slot (7) to receive a substantially T-shaped anchor rail screw, or at least one dowel element (3 ') in the concrete component (2) is installed, the decoupling element (8) carrying an add-on part (9), wherein the decoupling element (8) has at least two insulating layers (10, 11) made of an elastically deformable organic polymer and at least one holding plate (12a) carrying the add-on part (9) made of a metal material and two arranged on the opposite sides of the decoupling element (8) Has cover elements (12b, 12c), wherein the insulating layers (10, 11) and the holding plate (12a) are alternately stacked and are closed off by the cover elements (12b, 12c) on the outside of the free main surfaces of the insulating layers (10, 11), wherein the decoupling element (8) with a first cover element (12b) on the concrete component (2) over the anchor rail legs (5, 6) or over the dowel element (3 ') or in parallel distance to the anchor rail legs (5, 6) or the Dowel element (3 ') can be arranged, wherein the decoupling element (8) can be connected to the anchor rail (3) or the dowel element (3 ') in that at least one fastening element (15) is provided which connects the decoupling element (8) in the orthogonal direction to the insulating layers (10, 11) , the holding plate (12a) and the cover elements (12b, 12c), with which one end can be fastened in the anchor rail (3) or in the dowel element (3 '), and at the other end with an outside of a second cover element (12c ) arranged clamping element (15a) the two cover elements (12b, 12c) can be clamped against each other, in this case compressing the insulating layers (10, 11) in a defined manner orthogonal to their main surfaces, and a spacer element (15a) is arranged between the two cover elements (12b, 12c) in the region of the fastening element (15), which extends through the two insulating layers (10, 11) and the holding plate (12a), and the dimension of the longitudinal extension between the the two cover elements (12b, 12c) defines the compression of the insulation layers (10, 11).

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