DE102017009690A1 - Reinforced concrete structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a reinforced concrete structure (1) with a reinforced concrete component (2), wherein in the reinforced concrete component an anchor rail (3) is installed, wherein the anchor rail (3) carries at least one acoustic decoupling element (8), and wherein the decoupling element (8) a Attachment (9) carries. It is characterized in that the decoupling element has at least two insulating layers (10, 11) of an elastically deformable organic polymer and at least one retaining plate (12) made of a metal material, that the insulating layers (10, 11) and the holding plate (12) alternately stacked are arranged, and that the decoupling element (8) with a first main surface (13) on the anchor rail legs (5, 6) is present or in parallel distance from the anchor rail legs (5, 6) is arranged.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to reinforced concrete structure with a reinforced concrete component, wherein in the reinforced concrete component, an anchor rail is installed, which is substantially C-shaped with an anchor rail bottom and two anchor rail legs, the free ends of the anchor rail legs form an anchor rail slot, the anchor rail carries at least one acoustic decoupling element , and wherein the decoupling element carries an attachment. In particular, the invention relates to use in a hoistway.

Prior art and background of the invention

Anchor rails attached to reinforced concrete components may be exposed to mechanical vibration and structure-borne noise, for example, in the case of attachments for attachment of elevator guide rails, in which the moving elevator generates sound from various sources, to sounds of opening or closing doors even when the elevator. This sound is transmitted via fastening elements on the anchor rails and thus on the reinforced concrete part in total and propagates in particular as structure-borne noise in the reinforced concrete structure. This bothers for obvious reasons.

Various technologies of decoupling structure-borne noise are known from the prior art. Only, for example, this is on the literature EP 2022902 B1 . EP 1098043 A1 . DE 2751175 C2 . CN 20356863 U . CN 204917544 U . DE 3110237 A1 . DE 10143552 A1 . DE 112014002942 T5 , and US 8,789,651 directed. If anchor channels are addressed in this case, a sound decoupling typically takes place between the anchor rail and the reinforced concrete component, for example by sheathing the anchor rail with a rubber-elastic mass, whereby a decoupling of the anchor rail of the reinforced concrete component. This is expensive to manufacture because the disruption of the bond between steel and concrete leads to a reduced load-bearing capacity. In addition, a repair of such embedded in concrete sound decoupling is practically impossible.

Technical problem of the invention

The invention is therefore the technical problem of specifying reinforced concrete structure in which an attachment of a reinforced concrete component is acoustically decoupled, but at least the transmission of structure-borne noise is reduced, the structure is simple and if necessary, a repair by replacing decoupling easily possible. In addition, the reduction of the transmission of structure-borne noise should be improved.

Main features of the invention and preferred embodiments

To solve this technical problem, the invention teaches that the decoupling element has at least two insulating layers of an elastically deformable organic polymer and at least one holding plate of a metal material, that the insulating layers and the holding plate are arranged alternately stacked, and that the decoupling element with a first major surface abuts the anchor rail legs or is arranged at a parallel distance to the anchor rail legs.

The invention has the advantage that an optimal sound decoupling with respect to structure-borne noise can be achieved. In addition, such a decoupling element can be dimensioned in a simple manner according to the sound intensity and the frequencies for specific applications, namely by the insulating layers and the holding plates are selected and set up in terms of dimensions and by selecting the polymer, so that an optimal absorption of structure-borne noise occurs.

In particular, the invention also offers the possibility of subsequently adding decoupling elements according to the invention after completion of the bodyshell or after attachment of the attachment. Therefore, the invention for sanitation cases of old reinforced concrete structures is also suitable, even if inventive decoupling elements were originally not planned.

In detail, there are various possibilities of further education.

The elastically deformable organic polymer may be selected from the group consisting of: rubber-elastic materials, in particular NBR, HNBR, EPM, EPDM, APTK, MVQ, VMQ, MFQ, FVMQ, FPM, FKM, ACM, FFKM, FFPM, CR, CSM, AU, EU, IIR, NR, preferably PUR elastomer, PUR, PE, PP, ABS, APEBR, COC, CSM, ETFE, EVA, EVM, FEP, PA, PBT, PC, PEEK, PET, PI, PIB, PMI , PMMA, PS, PTFE, PVAL, PVC, SAN, SI, TPE and polyurethane-based adhesive sealants. For example, rubber granules with PUR elastomers are particularly preferred.

The decoupling element may have a (hemispherical or total) sound absorption coefficient of at least 10%, in particular at least 30%, in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 500 Hz. preferably at least 50%, most preferably at least 70%.

The attachment can be formed in particular by fastening angle of an elevator guide rail.

In constructive form, various variants are possible.

A first variant is characterized in that two insulating layers and a holding plate are arranged, wherein the holding plate is arranged between the two insulating layers, wherein at least a first fastening element is arranged, which connects the holding plate, an insulating layer by cross-linking with the anchor rail, and wherein at least a second fastening element is arranged, which connects the retaining plate, the other insulating layer by cross-connecting with the attachment.

In general, and without being limited to the variant described here, such fasteners, for example, screws, bolts, or the like. be. In the case of connecting elements which connect an attachment or a decoupling element with an anchor rail, the connecting element may in particular be a hammer head bolt. The head of a hammer head bolt is aligned in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the anchor rail slot and inserted into the anchor rail slot. After rotation, typically by about 90 °, opposite ends of the head of the hammer head screw engage behind the free ends of the anchor rail legs and hold the head in the anchor rail. Then, an attachment or a decoupling element can be pushed and screwed at the opposite end of the hammer head screw. Typically, holding plates and / or fastening elements and / or cover plates are formed from a metallic material, in particular steel.

In the first variant, at least two first fastening elements can be set up, wherein the first fastening elements and the second fastening element are lined up alternately in the longitudinal direction of the anchor rail slot. In other words, the fastening elements are arranged parallel to one another in a row.

N first, n-1 or n + 1 second fastening elements can be set up, wherein the first Befestigungslemente and the second fastening elements in the longitudinal direction of the anchor rail slot are alternately lined up and where n (natural number) = 2 to 10, in particular 2 to 5, is.

In this first variant, the physical decoupling of the fasteners, such as screws, the attachment and the anchor rail by means of insulation materials that can absorb both compressive and tensile forces and allow the transmission of force in a bridge function. In addition, a frictional transmission for lateral forces is ensured by the compression of the insulating layers due to bias of the fasteners. The insulating materials of the decoupling element are preferably made of materials which have particular insulating properties for acoustic transmission under dynamic loads, e.g. highly specified rubber granulate with PUR elastomers.

A second variant is characterized in that m insulating layers and m + 1 or m-1 holding plates, with m (natural number) = 2 to 20, in particular 3 to 10, vorzusgweise 3 to 6, are set up, wherein the insulating layers and the holding plates alternately stacked, in particular stacked glued together, are, at least one fastener, the decoupling element by cross-connecting the attachment with the anchor rail.

It can be provided that a through hole is arranged in the holding plates for the fastening element, wherein the through holes of different holding plates (for one and the same fastener) against each other with the proviso are arranged offset with the proviso that when passed and tightened fastener, the holding plates, in mechanical contact with the fastener, against each other are elastically braced.

Absorbing the sound-body transmission in this second variant is achieved by the effective composition of the retaining plates (eg steel layers) with respect to the compression by prestressing the fastening elements (eg screws), as well as by the dimensioning of the retaining plates. This variant presents itself as a simple embodiment, wherein the interruption of the power transmission in the insulating layers is dispensed with and instead the effective activation of the contact between the holding plates or steel layers and the fastening elements or screws is selected. The holes of the holding plates are made in a staggered manner in the plane perpendicular to the fastener or screw axis (in the two directions) and only in the horizontal direction (changeable) by the biasing forces of the fasteners or screws. As a result, an additional shear stress is exerted on the different levels along the fasteners or screws. This will activate the contact of the fasteners or Ensure screws with the holding plates or steel layers. Furthermore, bonding joints, if present, are preloaded between the holding plates or steel layers and the insulating layers under additional shear stress in the different directions. The shear stresses are generated in changeable directions (+ x, - x, + y, -y, lying in the planes of the main surfaces of the holding plates in both directions) in the holding plates or steel layers due to the offset of the holes in the holding plates or steel layers. A special absorbing of the acoustic loads is caused by the insulating layers and the prestressed adhesive joints. Again, the insulation materials preferably have similar properties as in the variant 1, in which they preferably consist of materials that have special insulation properties for acoustic transmission of sound under dynamic loads, such as highly specified rubber granulate with PUR elastomers.

Both variants have in common that the thickness of the insulating layers in the range of 1 to 80 mm, in particular 5 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 50 mm, for example 15 to 30 mm, may lie, and that the thickness of the holding plates in the range of 1 to 50 mm, in particular 5 to 30 mm, preferably 10 to 20 mm. Lie.

A third variant is characterized in that m insulating layers and m + 1 or m-1 holding plates, with m = 2 to 50, in particular 3 to 20, vorzusgweise 3 to 10, are arranged, wherein the insulating layers and the holding plates alternately stacked, in particular are nested, and that n first fastening elements and n, n-1 or n + 1 second fastening elements are arranged, wherein the first Befestigungslemente and the second fastening elements in the longitudinal direction of the anchor rail slot are alternately lined up and where n = 2 to 10, in particular 2 to 5, wherein the first fastening elements, the decoupling element by cross-connecting the decoupling element with the anchor rail and the second fastening elements, the decoupling element by cross-connecting the decoupling element with the attachment. Again, m and n are natural numbers.

In this third variant, the thickness of the insulating layers in the range of 0.1 to 20 mm, in particular 0.1 to 10 mm, preferably 0.1 to 2 mm, for example 0.1 to 1 mm, and the thickness of the holding plates (12 ) in the range of 0.2 to 10 mm, in particular 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably 0.5 to 3 mm.

In the third variant, the second fastening elements or the second fastening element in each case are free of mechanical contact with the anchor rail, even in the case of a load introduction into the decoupling element. The same applies to the first variant of 2 ,

In this third variant, the sandwich element of holding plates or steel plates and, for example, double-sided adhesive films (as insulating layers) is the main element of the acoustic insulation. The load introduction causes the decoupling element or sandwich element to curve, which results in shear deformations and shear stresses within the double-sided adhesive films Energy dissipation (shear deformation x shear stress) are degraded. This mechanism dampens the exciter vibration and thus the transmission of structure-borne noise. The holding plates or steel plates are dimensioned so that they deform under the load application (for example, by a lift) only elastic and not plastic.

A fourth variant is conceptually similar to the first variant. Again, two insulating layers and a retaining plate are set up. The holding plate is arranged between the two insulating layers. At least one first fastening element is provided. This covers (viewed from the anchor rail) the first insulating layer, the holding plate, the second insulating layer and a first cover plate. A second cover plate is arranged next to the first cover plate, but acoustically decoupled therefrom by spacing and / or at least one insulating element arranged laterally to the first cover plate. A second fastening element is attached to or in the retaining plate (screwed into a threaded hole, welded or screwed and welded, for example) and passes through the second insulating layer and the second cover plate. With the second cover plate then the attachment is connected. In this context, it should be noted that the second cover plate can also be formed directly by an attachment element or a component thereof, provided that a lateral decoupling, as described above, is set up. It will be recommended if the holes for the first fastening element are formed by the retaining plate and the second insulating layer at least 5%, more preferably at least 10% larger than the outer diameter of the first fastening element. Otherwise, versions for the first variant apply analogously.

In general, it should be noted that a decoupling element will be designed so that the decoupling takes place on train and on pressure, or only on pressure or only on train. A decoupling element of the first variant, the third variant and the fourth variant decouples to train and to pressure, while a decoupling element of the second variant decouples only to pressure.

A reinforced concrete building according to the invention can be designed in particular as an elevator shaft, wherein the attachment is preferably formed by the mounting angle of an elevator guide rail.

• 1: einen schematischen Querschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Stahlbetonbauwerk,
• 2: einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine erste Variante der Erfindung, in zwei Ansichten (a und b),
• 3: einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine zweite Variante der Erfindung, in zwei Ansichten (a und b),
• 4: einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine dritte Variante der Erfindung, in zwei Ansichten (a und b), und
• 5: verschiedene Ansichten einer vierten Variante der Erfindung.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments representing figures. Show it

• 1 FIG. 2: a schematic cross section through a reinforced concrete building according to the invention, FIG.
• 2 FIG. 2: a schematic cross section through a first variant of the invention, in two views (a and b), FIG.
• 3 FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section through a second variant of the invention, in two views (a and b), FIG.
• 4 3 shows a schematic cross section through a third variant of the invention, in two views (a and b), and
• 5 Various views of a fourth variant of the invention.

In the 1 you can see a reinforced concrete structure 1 with a reinforced concrete component 2 , wherein in the reinforced concrete component an anchor rail 3 which is substantially C-shaped with an anchor rail bottom 4 and two anchor rail legs 5 . 6 is formed, wherein the free ends of the anchor rail legs 5 . 6 an anchor rail slot 7 form. The anchor rail 3 at least one acoustic decoupling element 8th , The decoupling element 8th carries an attachment 9 For example, an elevator guide rail.

In the following described 2 to 4 become different variants of usable decoupling elements 8th and mounting details thereof, which in the schematic representation of 1 were omitted, described. Common to all variants is that the decoupling element has at least two insulating layers 10 . 11 of an elastically deformable organic polymer and at least one holding plate 12 made of a metal material. The insulating layers 10 . 11 and the holding plate 12 are arranged alternately stacked. The decoupling element 8th is with a first main surface 13 on the anchor rail legs 5 . 6 adjacent, or in parallel distance to the anchor rail legs 5 . 6 arranged.

In the first variant of the 1 are two layers of insulation 10 . 11 and a holding plate 12 set up, with the retaining plate 12 between the two layers of insulation 10 . 11 is arranged, and wherein at least a first fastening element 14 , here three, is set up, which is the holding plate 12 , an insulating layer 10 sweeping, with the anchor rail 3 combines. At least a second fastener 15 , here two, is set up, which is the holding plate 12 , the other layer of insulation 11 thoroughly, with the attachment 9 combines. The first fastening elements 14 and the second fastening elements 15 are in the longitudinal direction of the anchor rail slot 7 alternately lined up, in particular a comparative consideration of the 2a and 2 B removable.

The second variant ( 3a . 3b ) is characterized in that m insulating layers 10 , here five and m + 1 or m-1 holding plates 12 , here four, in particular 3 to 10, vorzusgweise 3 to 6, are set up. The insulating layers 10 and the holding plates 12 are alternately stacked, in particular stacked glued together. At least one fastener 14 , here two, connect the decoupling element 8th thoroughly, the attachment 9 with the anchor rail 3 , Through holes 16 are in the holding plates 12 for the fastener 14 furnished, with the through holes 16 various holding plates 12 against each other with the proviso are arranged offset laterally that when passed and tightened fastener 14 the holding plates 12 in mechanical contact with the fastener 14 , are elastically braced against each other.

In the variant of 2 is the thickness of the insulation layers 10 about 25 mm. The thickness of the retaining plate 12 is about 15 mm. In the variant of 3 is the thickness of the insulation layers 10 about 10 mm. The thickness of the holding plates 12 is about 6 mm.

The third variant after 4 is characterized in that m insulating layers 10 , here 9, and m + 1 or m-1 holding plates 12 , here 10, are furnished, with the insulating layers 10 and the holding plates 12 alternately stacked, in particular stacked glued together, are. There are n first fasteners 14 , here two, and n, n-1 or n + 1 second fasteners 15 , here one, furnished, with the first Befestigungslemente 14 and the second fastening element 15 in the longitudinal direction of the anchor rail slot 7 are lined up alternately. The first fasteners 14 connect, the decoupling element 8th thoroughly, the decoupling element 8th with the anchor rail 3 , The second fastening element 15 connects the decoupling element 8th thoroughly, the decoupling element 8th with the attachment 9 , The thickness of the insulating layers 10 is about 0.1 mm. The thickness of the holding plates 12 is about 6 mm.

A fourth variant is in the 5 shown. A comparative analysis of the 5 a and b shows two layers of insulation 10 . 11 and a holding plate 12 , The holding plate 12 is between the two layers of insulation 10 . 11 arranged. There are two first fastening elements 14 intended. These pass through (considered from the anchor rail) the first layer of insulation 10 , the retaining plate 12 , the second layer of insulation 11 and a first cover plate 16 , A second cover plate 17 is next to the first cover plate 16 arranged, but acoustically decoupled from this, (alone) by spacing and / or (additionally) at least one laterally to the first cover plate 16 between arranged Dämmelement 18 , which can also be designed as a removable mounting aid (see also 5 c). Two second fasteners 15 are on or in the retaining plate 12 attached (for example, screwed into a threaded hole, welded or screwed and welded) and pass through the second layer of insulation 11 and the second cover plate 17 , With the second cover plate 17 is then the attachment 9 connected. In this context, it should be noted that the second cover plate 17 also directly by an attachment 9 or a component thereof may be formed, provided that a lateral decoupling, as described above, is established. It can be seen that Duchgangsbohrungen for the first fastener 14 through the retaining plate 12 and the second layer of insulation 11 at least 5%, more preferably at least 10% larger than the outer diameter of the first fastener 14 are formed.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 2022902 B1 [0003]
• EP 1098043 A1 [0003]
• DE 2751175 C2 [0003]
• CN 20356863 U [0003]
• CN 204917544 U [0003]
• DE 3110237 A1 [0003]
• DE 10143552 A1 [0003]
• DE 112014002942 T5 [0003]
• US 8789651 [0003]

Claims (14)

Reinforced concrete structure (1) with a reinforced concrete component (2), wherein in the reinforced concrete component an anchor rail (3) is installed, which is substantially C-shaped with an anchor rail bottom (4) and two anchor rail legs (5, 6), wherein the free ends the anchor rail legs (5, 6) form an anchor rail slot (7), wherein the anchor rail (3) carries at least one acoustic decoupling element (8), and wherein the decoupling element (8) carries an attachment (9), characterized in that the decoupling element at least two insulating layers (10, 11) of an elastically deformable organic polymer and at least one retaining plate (12) made of a metal material, that the insulating layers (10, 11) and the holding plate (12) are arranged alternately stacked, and that the decoupling element (8 ) abuts with a first major surface (13) on the anchor rail legs (5, 6) or is arranged at a parallel distance from the anchor rail legs (5, 6) , Reinforced concrete construction after Claim 1 characterized in that the elastic deformable organic polymer is selected from the group consisting of: rubber elastic materials, in particular NBR, HNBR, EPM, EPDM, APTK, MVQ, VMQ, MFQ, FVMQ, FPM, FKM, ACM, FFKM, FFPM, CR, CSM, AU, EU, IIR, NR, preferably PUR elastomer, PUR, PE, PP, ABS, APEBR, COC, CSM, ETFE, EVA, EVM, FEP, PA, PBT, PC, PEEK, PET, PI , PIB, PMI, PMMA, PS, PTFE, PVAL, PVC, SAN, SI, TPE and polyurethane-based adhesive sealants. Reinforced concrete structure (1) according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the decoupling element (8) in the frequency range of 10 Hz to 500 Hz has a hemispheric sound absorption of at least 10%, in particular at least 30%, preferably at least 50%, most preferably at least 70%. Reinforced concrete component (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the attachment (9) is an elevator guide rail or mounting bracket of such an elevator guide rail. Reinforced concrete structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that two insulating layers (10, 11) and a retaining plate (12) are arranged, wherein the retaining plate (12) between the two insulating layers (10, 11) is arranged, wherein at least one first fastening element (14) is arranged, which connects the holding plate (12), penetrating an insulating layer (10), to the anchor rail (3), and wherein at least one second fastening element (15) is arranged, which holds the holding plate (12 ), the other insulating layer (11) by cross-connecting to the attachment (9). Reinforced concrete structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that two insulating layers (10, 11) and a retaining plate (12) are arranged, wherein the retaining plate (12) between the two insulating layers (10, 11) is arranged, wherein at least a first fastening element (14) is arranged, which (viewed from the anchor rail from) the first insulating layer (10), the holding plate (12), the second insulating layer (11) and a first cover plate (16) passes through, wherein a second Cover plate (17) next to the first cover plate (16) is arranged, but acoustically decoupled (alone) by spacing and / or (additionally) at least one laterally to the first cover plate (16) arranged in between insulating element (18), wherein at least a second Fixing element (15) is attached to or in the holding plate (12) and the second insulating layer (11) and the second cover plate (17) passes through, optionally with the second cover plate (17), the attachment (9 ), or wherein optionally the second cover plate (17) is also formed directly by an attachment element (9) or a component thereof. Reinforced concrete structure (1) according to Claim 5 , characterized in that at least two first fastening elements (14) are arranged, wherein the first Befestigungslemente (14) and the second fastening element (15) in the longitudinal direction of the anchor rail slot (7) are alternately strung together. Reinforced concrete construction after Claim 5 , Characterized in that n first fastening elements (14) and n, n-1 or n + 1 second fastening elements (15) are arranged, wherein the first Befestigungslemente (14) and the second fastening elements (15) in the longitudinal direction of the anchor rail slot (7) are alternately strung together and where n = 2 to 10, in particular 2 to 5, is. Reinforced concrete structure (1) after one of Claims 1 to 4 characterized in that m insulating layers (10) and m + 1 or m-1 holding plates (12), with m = 2 to 20, in particular 3 to 10, vorzusgweise 3 to 6, are arranged, wherein the insulating layers (10) and the holding plates (12) stacked alternately, in particular stacked glued together are, wherein at least one fastening element (14), the decoupling element by cross-connecting the attachment (9) with the anchor rail (3). Reinforced concrete structure (1) according to Claim 8 , characterized in that a Through hole (16) in the holding plates (12) is arranged for the fastening element (14), wherein the through holes (16) of different holding plates (12) are mutually laterally offset with the proviso that when passed and tightened fastener (14), the holding plates (12), in mechanical contact with the fastening element (14) are elastically braced against each other. Reinforced concrete structure (1) after one of Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the thickness of the insulating layers (10) in the range of 1 to 80 mm, in particular 5 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 50 mm, for example 10 to 30 mm, and that the thickness of the holding plates (12) in Range of 1 to 50 mm, in particular 5 to 30 mm, preferably 10 to 20 mm. Reinforced concrete structure (1) after one of Claims 1 to 4 characterized in that m insulating layers (10) and m + 1 or m-1 holding plates (12), with m = 2 to 50, in particular 3 to 20, vorzusgweise 3 to 10, are furnished, wherein the insulating layers (10) and the holding plates (12) are stacked alternately, in particular stacked together, are, and that n first fastening elements (14) and n-1 or n + 1 second fastening elements (15) are arranged, wherein the first Befestigungslemente (14) and the second fastening elements (15) in the longitudinal direction of the anchor rail slot (7) are alternately lined up and where n = 2 to 10, in particular 3 to 5, wherein the first fastening elements (14), the decoupling element (8) by cross-coupling the decoupling element (8) the anchor rail (3) and the second fastening elements (15), the decoupling element (8) by cross-connecting the decoupling element (8) with the attachment (9). Reinforced concrete structure (1) according to Claim 11 , characterized in that the thickness of the insulating layers (10) in the range of 0.1 to 20 mm, in particular 0.1 to 10 mm, preferably 0.1 to 2 mm, for example 0.1 to 1 mm, and that the thickness of the holding plates (12) is in the range of 0.2 to 10 mm, in particular 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably 0.5 to 3 mm. Reinforced concrete structure (1) after one of Claims 1 to 12 in the embodiment as an elevator shaft, wherein the attachment (9) is preferably an elevator guide rail or mounting bracket of such an elevator guide rail.

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