DE102018215765A1 - Electromagnetic trigger for electromagnetic switching devices - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic release for electromagnetic switching devices with an armature (7, 14, 22), a permanent magnet (11, 18, 26), a coil (12, 20, 28) and a return spring (13, 21, 29) and possibly a yoke (19, 27) and a switching device with such an electromagnetic release. The embodiments according to the invention are characterized in that the electromagnetic release is designed without a yoke or that the plunger extension (16) of the armature (14) is shortened, because the armature (14) is no longer surrounded by the coil, or because at least one of the components consisting of armature (22), return spring (29) and yoke (27) is asymmetrical.

Description

The invention relates to an electromagnetic release for electromagnetic switching devices with an armature, a permanent magnet, a coil, as well as a return spring and possibly a yoke, and a switching device with such an electromagnetic release.

Electromagnetic triggers for electromagnetic switching devices have a permanent magnet, a coil, a release spring and a movable armature for the actuation z. B. a switching kinematics. In the case of such actuators, the magnetic flux of a permanent magnet closes in the idle state via the armature and via a magnetic return circuit. This flow is sufficient to hold the anchor against the force of a tensioned release spring. By means of a so-called counter-excitation in a trigger winding, it is possible to cancel the flow through the armature and to force it to a magnetic shunt, so that the armature drops due to the spring force and actuates a switching kinematics, for example.

This is from the DE 100 26 813 B4 an electromagnetic release, in particular known for a residual current circuit breaker, with a plunger acted upon by a spring in the release direction, with a permanent magnet arrangement, a coil and a yoke, the coil in the yoke generating a magnetic flux opposite to the permanent magnet arrangement in the event of tripping. The spring force overcomes the attraction force of the permanent magnet arrangement, the permanent magnet arrangement and at least one pole shoe that conducts the magnetic flux to the plunger being assigned to the yoke and the plunger in such a way that the plunger is in a first position in the effective range of the permanent magnet arrangement and the pole shoe.

In the prior art, the holding force for prestressing the release spring is generated by the field of a permanent magnet. In the event of approval, this field is briefly completely compensated for by an electrically generated electromagnetic field that is directed exactly opposite to the permanent magnetic field. The holding force becomes zero. The pre-tensioned release spring releases the latch. The possibly very high electrical energy required for this is often provided in the form of a capacitor.

The object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic release and an electromagnetic switching device with a release according to the invention, which offer an economically cost-effective technical solution and essentially use the assemblies of the known electromagnetic release.

This object is achieved according to the invention by an electromagnetic release with the features of patent claims 1, 2 and 3 and by an electromagnetic switching device with the features of patent claim 8. Advantageous training and further developments, which can be used individually or in combination with one another, are the subject of the dependent claims.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in a first embodiment by an electromagnetic release for electromagnetic switching devices with an armature which has a stamp attachment at one end, a stamp end region at the other end and a central region connecting the two end regions to one another, a permanent magnet which together with the armature forms a magnet system, a coil which surrounds the stamp end region and a return spring which surrounds the central region of the armature. This first embodiment is characterized in that this electromagnetic release is designed without a yoke.

Due to the increasing miniaturization, the size of the installation space and the amount of the total costs are decisive criteria. In the embodiment without a yoke, costs can be saved by eliminating this component. The smaller installation space creates additional free space, which can be used for creative, constructive solutions.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in a second embodiment by an electromagnetic release for electromagnetic switching devices with an armature which has a stamp attachment and a stamp extension, a positionally stable yoke and a permanent magnet which, together with the positionally stable yoke, forms a magnet system in a yoke, a coil which surrounds the yoke and a return spring which surrounds the stamp extension of the armature. This second embodiment is characterized in that the stamp extension of the armature is shortened because it is designed without coil turns, i.e. the turns of the coil are not arranged on the armature.

The advantage of this solution is that the magnetically flooded section in the anchor is kept short in the latched state. In this technical solution, the coil is positioned above the yoke and not above the armature. The movable mass of the shortened anchor can be kept small. This has a positive effect on the reaction rate, the shock and vibration resistance as well the resulting constructive requirements.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in a third embodiment by an electromagnetic release for electromagnetic switching devices with an armature, which has a stamp attachment and a stamp extension, a position-fixed yoke and a permanent magnet, which together with the position-stable yoke forms a magnet system in a yoke, a coil which surrounds the yoke and a return spring which surrounds the stamp extension of the armature. This third embodiment is characterized in that at least one of the components consisting of armature, return spring and yoke is asymmetrical.

The asymmetry can relate to the yoke area in which the punch extension of the anchor is positioned. The movable armature is spaced differently from it in the yoke area in which a flow reversal is effected via the coil, so that the air gap between the punch extension of the armature and the yoke bore is always on one side. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, this one-sided application is realized by an asymmetrically designed spring. At the moment of release, the plunger extension of the armature is lifted from the system in the yoke bore towards a movement without friction, which creates an additional air gap. A faster start, a higher release force and a shorter release time are the consequences of this version.

A special embodiment of this concept according to the invention can consist in that the distances to the punch extension of the armature are designed differently in the area of the yoke.

A continuation of the concept according to the invention can consist in that the stamp extension is asymmetrical.

An advantageous embodiment of the concept according to the invention can consist in that the spring force of the return spring is asymmetrical.

A special embodiment of this concept according to the invention can consist in that the spring force is made asymmetrical by using at least two return springs.

The object is also achieved by an electromagnetic switching device according to the invention with an electromagnetic release with the properties described above.

A special embodiment of this concept according to the invention can consist in that the electromagnetic switching device is a circuit breaker.

A special embodiment of this concept according to the invention can consist in the circuit breaker having an extended wide setting range. For this purpose, a current detection and evaluation module and the electromagnetic release according to the invention are integrated in the circuit breaker.

The electromagnetic release according to the invention for an electromagnetic switching device has an armature, a permanent magnet, a coil and a return spring and possibly a yoke. The embodiments according to the invention are distinguished by the fact that the electromagnetic release is designed to be yoke-free or that the stamp extension of the armature is shortened because the armature is no longer surrounded by the coil, that is to say is designed without coil turns, or at least one of the components made of armature, Spring and yoke is asymmetrical.

Further embodiments and advantages of the invention are explained below using an exemplary embodiment and the drawing.

• 1 in einer schematischen Darstellung einen elektromagnetischen Auslöser aus dem Stand der Technik mit einem Anker, einem Joch, einer Spule und einem Permanentmagneten im Status, wenn die magnetische Kraft größer ist als die Federkraft;
• 2 in einer schematischen Darstellung den Aufbau nach 1, wenn die magnetische Kraft kleiner oder gleich der Federkraft ist;
• 3 in einer schematischen Darstellung den Aufbau nach 1 und 2, wenn die magnetische Kraft Null entspricht.
• 4 in einer schematischen Darstellung ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen elektromagnetischen Auslösers, wenn die magnetische Kraft größer ist als die Federkraft und durch die Spule kein Strom fließt;
• 5 in einer schematischen Darstellung das Ausführungsbeispiel nach 4, wenn die Kraft der Spule größer ist als die Differenz aus magnetischer Kraft und Federkraft;
• 6 in einer schematischen Darstellung ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen elektromagnetischen Auslösers mit einem verkürzt ausgebildeten Stempelfortsatz des Ankers;
• 7 in einer schematischen Darstellung ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen elektromagnetischen Auslösers mit zumindest einem asymmetrisch ausgebildeten Bauteil aus Anker, Rückstellfeder und Joch.

It shows:

• 1 a schematic representation of an electromagnetic release from the prior art with an armature, a yoke, a coil and a permanent magnet in the status if the magnetic force is greater than the spring force;
• 2nd in a schematic representation of the structure 1 if the magnetic force is less than or equal to the spring force;
• 3rd in a schematic representation of the structure 1 and 2nd when the magnetic force is zero.
• 4th a schematic representation of a first embodiment of an electromagnetic release according to the invention when the magnetic force is greater than the spring force and no current flows through the coil;
• 5 in a schematic representation of the embodiment 4th if the force of the coil is greater than the difference between the magnetic force and the spring force;
• 6 in a schematic representation of a second embodiment of an electromagnetic release according to the invention a shortened stamp extension of the anchor;
• 7 a schematic representation of a third embodiment of an electromagnetic release according to the invention with at least one asymmetrically designed component consisting of armature, return spring and yoke.

1 shows an electromagnetic release from the prior art with an armature 1 , a yoke 2nd , a coil 3rd , a return spring 4th and a permanent magnet 5 and a commutation plate 6 in status when the magnetic force is greater than the spring force and there is no current flow. The anchor 1 is in the lower end of the return spring 4th surrounded and is within the yoke 2nd from the coil 3rd surround. The commutation plate 6 is between the end of the anchor 1 and the permanent magnet 5 in the yoke 2nd arranged.

In 2nd is the structure after 1 shown when the magnetic force is less than or equal to the spring force and the current flow increases.

3rd shows the case when the magnetic force is zero. In this case the anchor will come loose 1 from the commutation plate 6 .

In 4th is a first embodiment of an electromagnetic release according to the invention in the state when the magnetic force is greater than the spring force and no current flows through the coil. The electromagnetic release according to the invention for an electromagnetic switching device comprises an armature 7 which has a stamp at one end 8th , a stamp end area at the other end 9 and a central region connecting the two end regions 10th has a permanent magnet 11 which together with the anchor 7 a magnet system forms a coil 12th which the stamp end area 9 surrounds, and a return spring 13 which is the middle section 10th of the anchor 7 surrounds. This exemplary embodiment is distinguished by the fact that this electromagnetic release is designed without a yoke.

5 shows the embodiment 4th if the force of the coil is greater than the difference between the magnetic force and the spring force. In this case the anchor will come loose 7 from permanent magnets 11 .

In 6 shows a second embodiment of an electromagnetic release according to the invention with a shortened stamp extension of the armature. The electromagnetic release according to the invention for an electromagnetic switching device comprises an armature 14 which has a stamp attachment 15 as well as a stamp extension 16 has a fixed yoke 17th and a permanent magnet 18th , which together with the stable yoke 17th a magnet system in a yoke 19th trains a coil 20th which the yoke 17th surrounds, and a return spring 21 , which the stamp extension 16 of the anchor 14 surrounds. This embodiment is characterized in that the stamp extension 16 of the anchor 14 is shortened.

7 shows a third embodiment of an electromagnetic release according to the invention with at least one asymmetrically designed component consisting of armature, return spring and yoke. The electromagnetic release according to the invention for an electromagnetic switching device comprises an armature 22 which has a stamp attachment 23 as well as a stamp extension 24th has a fixed yoke 25th and a permanent magnet 26 , which together with the stable yoke 25th a magnet system in a yoke 27 trains a coil 28 which the yoke 25th surrounds, and a return spring 29 , which the stamp extension 24th of the anchor 22 surrounds. This exemplary embodiment is characterized in that at least one of the components is made of anchors 22 , Return spring 29 and yoke 27 is asymmetrical.

The asymmetry can relate to the yoke area in which the punch extension 24th of the anchor 22 is positioned. The movable anchor 22 is in the yoke area, in which over the coil 28 a flow reversal is effected, spaced differently therefrom, so that the air gap between the ram extension 24th of the anchor 22 and the yoke hole is always on one side.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, this one-sided concern is achieved by an asymmetrically designed return spring 29 realized. At the moment of release, the punch extension is lifted off 24th of the anchor 22 from the system in the yoke bore to a movement without friction, which creates an additional air gap. A faster start, a higher release force and a shorter release time are the consequences of this version.

It is also conceivable that the stamp extension 24th of the anchor 22 at the point of contact with the fixed yoke 25th is asymmetrical, that is, the contact surface of the punch extension 24th is not formed over the entire surface, but becomes asymmetrical due to a recess.

The electromagnetic release according to the invention for electromagnetic switching devices is characterized in that an economically inexpensive solution was created by a small adaptation of existing components.

Reference list

1

anchor

2nd

yoke

3rd

Kitchen sink

4th

Return spring

5

Permanent magnet

6

Commutation plate

7

anchor

8th

Stamp attachment

9

Stamp end area

10th

Middle range

11

Permanent magnet

12th

Kitchen sink

13

Return spring

14

anchor

15

Stamp attachment

16

Stamp extension

17th

yoke

18th

Permanent magnet

19th

yoke

20th

Kitchen sink

21

Return spring

22

anchor

23

Stamp attachment

24th

Stamp extension

25th

yoke

26

Permanent magnet

27

yoke

28

Kitchen sink

29

Return spring

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 10026813 B4 [0003]

Claims (10)

Electromagnetic release for electromagnetic switching devices with an armature (7) which has a stamp attachment (8) at one end, a stamp end region (9) at the other end and a central region (10) connecting the two end regions to one another, a permanent magnet (11), which, together with the armature (7), forms a magnet system, a coil (12) which surrounds the stamp end region (9) and a return spring (13) which surrounds the central region (10) of the armature (7), characterized in that this electromagnetic release is yoke-free. Electromagnetic release for electromagnetic switching devices with an armature (14), which has a stamp attachment (15) and a stamp extension (16), a position-fixed yoke (17) and a permanent magnet (11), which together with the position-stable yoke (17) forms a magnet system in a yoke (19), a coil (20) which surrounds the yoke (17) and a return spring (21) which surrounds the stamp extension (16) of the armature (14), characterized in that the stamp extension (16 ) of the armature (14) is shortened. Electromagnetic trigger for electromagnetic switching devices with an armature (22), which has a stamp attachment (23) and a stamp extension (24), a fixed yoke (25) and a permanent magnet (26), which together with the positionally stable yoke (25) is a magnet system in a yoke (27), a coil (28) which surrounds the yoke (25) and a return spring (29) which surrounds the plunger extension (24) of the armature (22), characterized in that at least one of the components from armature (22), return spring (29) and yoke (27) is asymmetrical. Electromagnetic release after Claim 3 , characterized in that the distances from the punch extension (24) of the armature (22) in the area of the yoke (27) are designed differently. Electromagnetic release after Claim 3 , characterized in that the stamp extension (24) is asymmetrical. Electromagnetic release after Claim 3 , characterized in that the spring force of the return spring (29) is asymmetrical. Electromagnetic release after Claim 6 , characterized in that the spring force is formed asymmetrically by using at least two return springs (29). Electromagnetic switching device with an electromagnetic release according to one of the Claims 1 to 7 . Electromagnetic switching device after Claim 8 , characterized in that the electromagnetic switching device is a circuit breaker. Electromagnetic switching device after Claim 9 , characterized in that the circuit breaker has an extended wide setting range.

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