DE102018120254A1 - Openable construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an openable structure for a substructure comprising a collapsible convertible top frame, a cover that can be connected to the convertible top frame, and a drive for folding in and / or out folding the convertible top frame, the drive causing at least one tension element that is at least stiff in tension to move, the at least an at least tension-resistant tension element can be coupled to a distal slide of a convertible top frame and moves the slide back and forth as a function of an actuation direction of the drive. An openable structure, which improves the folding and / or unfolding of the convertible top frame by a drive, is created in that the drive (70) comprises a driven first rotary body (73), that the drive (70) has a second rotary body (74 ) comprises that the first rotary body (73) and the second rotary body (74) are arranged adjacent to one another and form a drive device (75), and that the at least one tension element (71), which is at least stiff in tension, is multiply around the first rotary body (73) and second rotary body (74) formed drive device (75) is wound.

Description

The invention relates to an openable structure, for example a tarpaulin structure, for a substructure, such as a self-driving motor vehicle, a truck, a semi-trailer, a trailer, a container, a tipping body, a railroad car, a building or the like, comprising a collapsible convertible top frame cover which can be connected to the convertible top frame, in particular a tarpaulin, and a drive for folding in and / or unfolding the convertible top frame, the drive causing at least one tension element which is at least stiff in tension to move, the at least one tension element which is at least stiff in tension can be coupled to a distal slide of a top frame and moves the carriage back and forth as a function of an actuation direction of the drive.

In practice, tarpaulin structures for substructures are known which have a drive with which the convertible top frame can be folded in or out, the drive transmitting a movement to one or more slides of the convertible top frame via an at least tension-resistant tension element designed as a rope or wire. The power for the drive is usually transmitted to the slide by a motor that tows the traction element, the motor being connected to its own energy supply in the area of the substructure due to the large forces that occur. The disadvantage here is that space for the energy supply is lost and that the energy supply must also be regularly recharged. Furthermore, it is necessary to design the drive for relatively large loads, since the power of the drive is also required to hold the displaceable parts of the convertible top frame in an open position when the tipping body is tipped over. This results in high energy consumption, and the current strengths flowing in the line network are often so high that the corresponding power consumption is no longer ensured. In particular, the known drives no longer function reliably when the substructure is not on a flat surface, but on the mountain or at an angle with one side on the sidewalk. The known drives are particularly energy-intensive if the movable parts of the convertible top frame are opened as a whole and the last sections of the slide have to be moved against a corresponding resistance. Finally, the known drives are not sufficiently flexible to reliably overcome load peaks that arise, for example, when folding tarpaulin folding aids.

It is the object of the invention to provide an openable structure which improves the folding and / or unfolding of the convertible top frame by a drive.

This object is achieved by an openable structure with the features of an independent claim.

According to one aspect of the invention, an openable structure for a substructure, such as a self-propelled truck, a truck, a semi-trailer, a trailer, a container, a tipping body, a rail wagon, a building or the like is provided, the structure comprising a collapsible convertible top frame, a cover connectable to the convertible top frame, in particular a tarpaulin, and a drive for folding and / or unfolding the convertible top frame, the drive causing at least one tension element that is at least stiff in tension to move, the at least one tension element that is at least stiff with a distal slide of the top frame can be coupled and moves the carriage back and forth as a function of an actuation direction of the drive. The structure is characterized in that the drive comprises a driven first rotary body, that the drive comprises a second rotary body, that the first and second rotary bodies are arranged adjacent to one another and form a drive device, and that the at least one tension element that is at least resistant to tensile stress is repeated is wound or placed around the drive device formed from the first cylinder and the second cylinder.

In this way, it is advantageously achieved that the force is transmitted from the driven first rotary body to the at least one tension element that is at least stiff in tension, and that even if the slide is moved back and forth several times, the at least one tension element that is at least stiff in tension is not in the direction of the axis of the first rotation body and / or of the second rotating body emigrates and jams there. Rather, the force transmitted by the driven first rotary body to the at least one tension-resistant tension element is reliably transmitted to the slide of the convertible top frame, so that it can be shifted precisely and reproducibly into different opening positions. Even if there should be a slip during the transmission from the drive device to the at least one tension-resistant tension element, the drive as a whole only consumes a comparatively low power, so that it is possible to connect the drive to the useful output of a vehicle battery of a vehicle supporting the substructure , so that a separate energy supply is not necessary.

It is expediently provided that the at least one tension-resistant tension element is wound several times around the drive device, that is to say around the first rotation body and the second rotation body. Neither will be the first Rotation body still completely wrapped around the second rotational body, but the wrapping is approximately 180 degrees, so that the rotational body is wrapped approximately in half. The number of wraps is preferably selected between two and eight, more preferably between three and six, but it is particularly favorable to wind the drive device four times.

The second rotary body is expediently driven by the at least tension-resistant tension element, the first rotary body being set in rotation by the drive. The second rotating body is therefore passive or is towed by the first rotating body by means of the at least one tension element which is at least rigid.

According to a favorable embodiment, it is provided that the first rotary body has circumferential grooves in which the at least one tension element which is at least rigid is guided. The circumferential grooves and in particular the webs delimiting the circumferential grooves ensure that, depending on the drive direction, the at least one tension element that is at least stiff in tension does not migrate axially, so that the tension element does not become jammed on the first rotary body. Circumferential grooves are each arranged in parallel planes in the axial direction of the cylinder and can have inlet bevels for the tension element. It is also possible for the first rotary body to have a more or less conical contour, for example that of a cut-off cone, in which the circumferential grooves have a different circumference. However, the circumferential grooves preferably have the same diameter, so that the moment acting on the at least one at least tension-resistant tension element is approximately the same in all grooves. As a result, there is no unnecessary tensioning of the tension element as a result of different moment loads in the different grooves.

Radial webs are preferably arranged between the adjacent circumferential grooves, which prevent the at least one tension element which is at least stiff in tension from leaving the respective circumferential groove. If the drive device is driven, part of the power transmission can also be transmitted by rubbing the at least one tension element which is at least stiff against tension on the corresponding radial web. It is possible to provide a knurling running parallel to the axial direction of the rotary body within the circumferential groove, which increases the power transmission to the at least one tensile element, which is at least tensile.

The first rotary body and the second rotary body, which are each preferably designed as cylinders, expediently have parallel axes. This makes it possible to adjust the tension of the at least one tension-resistant tension element favorably by adjusting the axis spacing and also to compensate for elongations or shortenings of the tension element that may occur due to temperature or intensive use. Due to the parallel axes, the force is transmitted to the tension element in a particularly favorable manner. Alternatively, however, it is possible to arrange the axes of the rotating bodies at an angle to one another, for example if the rotating bodies are designed as cones.

Preferably, the first rotary body and / or the second rotary body have a mutually variable distance for adjusting the length of the at least one tension-resistant tension element. This can be done in that the rotary body is accommodated in the region of its axis in an elongated hole which allows infeed in the direction of the other rotary body. This is expediently provided for the second rotary body, since the first rotary body is driven by the drive and then the drive would also have to be designed to be displaceable. Depending on the set distance, sagging of the at least one at least tension-resistant tension element can be prevented, so that there is practically no slippage when the drive power is transmitted from the drive to the slide.

The second rotary body can expediently be displaced in the direction of the first rotary body, so that the tension of the tension element can be adjusted. It is alternatively possible to be able to set the second rotary body in a direction that does not change the distance from the first rotary body.

According to a favorable further development, a spring member is arranged between the first rotary body and the second rotary body, which acts on the second rotary body or its axis in the direction away from the first rotary body or its axis and thus achieves tensioning of the at least one tension element that is at least rigid. A stable system is thus advantageously achieved, since the spring member can be tensioned in the event of load peaks as a result of deformations in the area of the convertible top frame or the substructure or in the case of obstacles which have to be overcome, so that there is a slight compensation of the tension of the tension element within the system comes. As soon as the obstacle has been overcome, the second rotary body again takes up the distance from the first rotary body that is preset on the basis of the spring constant of the spring member, and the system of the tension element again has its own Output voltage. The spring member also dampens the vibrations by the drive and the movement of the vehicle and the convertible top frame

An advantageous embodiment is characterized in that at least the second rotary body comprises a plurality of independently rotatable disk-shaped cylinder sections, the disk-shaped cylinder section being wrapped in each case by the at least one tension element which is at least rigid. As a result, similarly to a multiple block and tackle, each independently rotatable disc-shaped cylinder section is driven individually by the first rotating body, with the result that the resistance to rotation of the second rotating body is reduced overall. The disk-shaped cylinder sections can be designed in the manner of deflection rollers as are used in any case for the deflection of the tension element in the region of the substructure. At least two, preferably three, four, five or six disk-shaped cylinder sections are expediently provided, which are arranged coaxially to one another on the axis of the second rotary body. However, it is also possible to support the cylinder sections on several axes, which, however, entails more complex mounting.

The power transmission from the first rotary body to the at least one at least tension-resistant tension element is preferably carried out by friction, in particular on the circumference of the first rotary body. However, it is also possible to equip the circumference of the rotary body with depressions in the manner of a circumferential toothing and to equip the tension element with projections in the manner of a toothed belt, so that the positive connection in the area of the contact causes the force transmission.

According to another advantageous embodiment, the grooves and webs can be designed in a V-shape, so that they transport the tension element partially by clamping around the circumference, and slippage is practically impossible.

According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that a locking pin is provided, which can be pushed against a rotatable part of the first rotary body, that the locking pin secures the first rotary body against rotation and thus blocks the carriage even when the drive is not driven.

According to one aspect of the invention, an openable structure for a substructure, such as a self-propelled truck, a truck, a semi-trailer, a trailer, a container, a tipping body, a rail wagon, a building or the like is provided, comprising a collapsible roof frame, one on the Convertible top frame connectable cover, in particular a tarpaulin, and a drive for folding and / or unfolding the convertible top frame, the drive causing at least one at least tension-resistant tension element to move, wherein the at least one, at least tension-resistant tension element can be coupled to a distal slide of the convertible top frame and moves the carriage back and forth as a function of an actuation direction of the drive. The structure is characterized in that a locking pin is provided, which can be pushed against a rotatable part of the drive, and that the locking pin secures the drive and / or the at least one tension-resistant tension element against rotation and thus the slide even when the current is off Drive blocked. In this way, it is advantageously achieved that the drive does not have to be continuously energized in order to hold the fully, partially or not opened convertible top frame, which leads to high power consumption and heat development. In addition, this effectively prevents the permissible current consumption from being exceeded in order to hold the open convertible top frame in an unfavorable angular position of the substructure or when driving due to the winds that occur. Finally, the manual locking and unlocking of the openable structure outside the at least one tension element that is at least stiff in tension is avoided, so that incorrect operation cannot occur. The locking pin ensures that in the de-energized state of the drive, a rotation of the rotatable part of the drive into which the locking pin is advanced, in particular a rotating body such as the first cylinder described above, the slide cannot be displaced against the pretension of the tension element. As a result, the carriage is advantageously not only driven via the tension element, but also locked. A separate mechanical lock, which must be released manually, is then no longer to be provided.

The locking pin is expediently operable between an advanced position and a retracted position and preferably has an electromagnetic drive for this purpose, which can be easily triggered in one and / or in the other direction by a control of the drive.

It is possible to provide a circuit or arrangement in which the lock pin is automatically advanced when the operation of the drive is stopped. Alternatively, the locking pin can also be pushed forward manually or in another suitable manner, for example pneumatically or hydraulically.

The locking pin expediently blocks a driven first rotary body, in particular the drive, and prevents it from rotating, so that neither forces can be transmitted to the slide in either direction via the first rotary body. In this way, a locking of the driven rotary body is advantageously achieved, so that the forces that the first rotary body could otherwise introduce into the system including the tension element are effectively prevented. Alternatively, the locking pin can also block another rotational body of the system, for example the aforementioned second rotational body or cylinder or any desired deflection roller of the system. In this case, however, the convertible top frame may flutter slightly, since the driven rotating body may then try to turn away under the pulling element.

The locking pin is preferably loaded into the advanced position by a spring element. This advantageously ensures that the locking pin always comes into engagement with the rotatable part when the drive is de-energized and prevents it from rotating. For this purpose, it is preferably provided that the rotatable part has a recess into which the locking pin can be pushed so that the rotatable part is prevented from further rotation. It is possible to couple the spring element to the locking pin, but preferably the spring element will already be installed in an electrically actuated lifting magnet, which then pulls the locking pin back against the bias of the spring element.

The locking pin can preferably be pushed into an end recess of the first rotary body, which is preferably provided on the side of the rotary body facing away from a motor. For this purpose, the rotary body expediently comprises on its front side a plurality of recesses into which the locking pin can penetrate, resulting in a correspondingly large number of discrete holding positions. It is possible to provide the recess as a curved elongated hole in order to give the locking pin sufficient opportunity to penetrate the recess even when the rotatable part is rotated. Expediently, however, cylindrical bores are provided which have a slight oversize compared to the outer dimension of the locking pin, into which the locking pin can easily engage.

In order to facilitate the penetration of the locking pin into the recess, it is possible to equip the latter with a tip or with a conical or dome-shaped section which promotes penetration and centering. This in particular increases the period of time available to penetrate the recess.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the first cylinder has a disk section on one end face with a plurality of holes which are designed such that the locking pin can be pushed into each of the holes. The holes are expediently arranged at a constant radius around the axis of the disk section and aligned with the locking pin depending on the angle of rotation of the disk section. Appropriately, at least eight, preferably more than ten and less than forty holes are provided on the disk section, into which the locking pin can penetrate.

It is possible to provide a plurality of locking pins which can be pushed forward simultaneously on the rotatable part of the drive, in particular when the forces which act on the rotatable part are large and can be better absorbed by a plurality of locking pins. In this case, the multiple locking pins engage simultaneously. According to an alternative embodiment, the locking pins can also be spaced apart from one another with a pitch that corresponds to the number of locking pins, so that the accuracy of the holding positions of the slides is improved by a factor that corresponds to the pitch. In this case, however, only one of the locking pins can move into the rotatable part, while the other locking pins press, for example, against the disk section without being able to penetrate the holes.

According to a particularly favorable embodiment, the first rotary body is prevented from rotating under the load of the convertible top frame or under the power of the drive when the locking pin is engaged. This prevents the drive from having a high energy consumption in order to compensate for forces acting in the opposite direction. By locking the rotatable part by means of the locking pin, a fully open convertible top frame can be held in this position without the supply of energy, even if the substructure designed as a dump truck is moved to an angular position of 45 degrees or more in order to tip the contents.

Forces acting on the closed superstructure such as winds, precipitation such as water or snow, ice sheets, but also misdirected loading with a crane do not result in higher power consumption in order to keep the convertible top frame in an open position.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the locking pin can be advanced into a radial recess of the first cylinder. The radial recess can be on the circumference of the rotating body provided hole pattern with a plurality of holes or recesses, the locking pin also preventing rotation of the rotating body. However, the disadvantage here is the increased height of the rotary body and the required distance from the tension element.

According to another embodiment, it is provided that the locking pin is arranged at the end of a pivotable pawl which is pretensioned in the engagement direction and which interacts with a circumferential toothing of the rotatable part of the drive in such a way that the convertible top frame is prevented from being displaced in the closing direction. This pawl can be designed according to the engagement pawl in a parking brake, so that it is raised in the driven state against the bias of a spring, but does not allow the slides to kick back.

According to a particularly favorable embodiment, it is provided that to release the locking pin, the drive can only be moved against the intended direction of displacement, and that the locking pin is at least temporarily relieved in order to be able to pull the locking pin back. This design of the drive can be easily implemented by appropriate programming of the control, which ensures that the radially loaded locking pin, which is otherwise not readily removable from a recess or a hole in the rotatable part, can nevertheless be withdrawn. It should be noted that depending on the position of the substructure, the superstructure and the load on the corresponding parts, the locking pin can absorb relatively large loads, which usually act in the closing direction, but can also act in the opening direction, for example if the substructure is on a sloping surface rests. If the drive is only moved against the intended direction of displacement, that is, if an opening is provided, in the closing direction, and if a closing is intended, is in the opening direction, it is ensured that no matter in which direction the locking pin is loaded, this either at relieved for the first time in the opposite direction or during the subsequent main movement for a sufficiently long period of time so that the locking pin can be withdrawn from the corresponding perforation. The force that is transmitted to the locking pin via the rotatable body is essentially transmitted via a radial contact to the locking pin. However, this is so high that it is often not possible to pull the locking pin back due to its drive without the traction element being moved back and forth. As a result, it is particularly advantageously possible to dimension the power for the displacement of the locking pin to be small and to allow the locking of the locking pin to act through the mass of the convertible top frame acting on the rotatable part via the tension element.

According to a favorable embodiment, it is provided that the locking pin blocks the rotatable part in a form-fitting manner. In addition to the possibilities described above, with which a form-fitting coupling can be achieved, further form-fitting blocking possibilities come into consideration.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the locking pin frictionally blocks the rotatable part. This can be done, for example, by pressing a tip of the locking pin against a rotatable part equipped with a friction lining. In this case, it is necessary to apply a certain frictional force, for example by means of a corresponding spring element. The drive of the locking pin then essentially serves to overcome the force of the spring member. It is possible to combine positive locking and friction locking.

The locking pin is expediently electrically operable and connected to a control of the drive. As a result, it can advantageously already be advanced when the drive movement reaches its end or continues to run only slightly. In particular, the control can provide that the drive remains actuated until the locking pin is successfully engaged in a blocking position, which can be detected by a corresponding sensor. For this purpose, the drive can be equipped with a creep speed, which, due to its lower drive speed, facilitates the possibility of penetration into a recess in the rotatable part. At the same time, the locking pin can expediently be connected to a signal transmitter which, on the one hand, indicates that the convertible top frame is blocked and, on the other hand, signals the control system that the drive can be switched off without running the risk that the de-energized drive slips and thus one Damage to the convertible top frame.

According to one aspect of the invention, a method for opening or closing an openable structure for a substructure, such as a self-propelled truck, a truck, a semi-trailer, a trailer, a container, a dump truck, a railroad car, a building or the like, is provided a collapsible convertible top frame, a cover that can be connected to the convertible top frame, in particular a tarpaulin, and a drive for folding in and / or out folding the convertible top frame, the drive causing at least one at least tension-resistant tension element to move, the at least one at least tension-resistant tension element having a distal Carriage of the convertible top frame can be coupled and moves the carriage forwards and / or backwards depending on an actuation direction of the drive. The method is characterized by the steps of engaging a locking pin against a rotatable part of the drive when a not only provisional stop position of the slide has been reached in order to block the slide even when the drive is not in drive; and driving the carriage against a desired direction of displacement of the carriage before the carriage is driven in the direction of displacement to enable disengagement of the locking pin and release of the displacement of the carriage. The method, which is expediently implemented in a corresponding control, makes it possible to automate the drive of the convertible top frame and, at the same time, to equip it with a low power consumption, since the drive fixes the convertible top frame in its open position even when it is de-energized. As a result, the drive can advantageously be operated with a low power, as is provided, for example, at the useful output of a vehicle battery, so that a separate energy supply for the drive is unnecessary.

A particularly favorable construction is characterized by the fact that it is prepared for executing the above-described method, in particular has a controller that executes the method. It is hereby advantageously achieved that the drive and the locking are carried out by the locking pin in a sensible sequence which makes it possible to avoid manual unlocking of the locking pin.

According to a particularly favorable further development, it is provided that the structure has a sensor arrangement or is connected to a sensor arrangement of the substructure that detects the inclination of the construction and / or the substructure against a horizontal plane and blocks the drive if the inclination exceeds a limit value.

According to one aspect of the invention, an openable structure for a substructure, such as a self-propelled truck, a truck, a semi-trailer, a trailer, a container, a tipper body, a rail wagon, a building or the like is provided, comprising a collapsible roof frame, one on the Convertible top frame connectable cover, in particular a tarpaulin, and a drive for folding and / or unfolding the convertible top frame, the drive causing at least one at least tension-resistant tension element to move, wherein the at least one, at least tension-resistant tension element can be coupled to a distal slide of the convertible top frame and moves the carriage back and forth as a function of an actuation direction of the drive. The structure is characterized in that a sensor arrangement is provided which detects the inclination of the structure and / or the substructure against a horizontal plane and blocks the drive if the inclination exceeds a limit value. This advantageously ensures that the drive is only actuated when the inclination of the substructure does not lead to a power consumption that exceeds the energy source provided or its protection. In particular, if the substructure is arranged with an incline to the horizontal in the direction of the displacement of the slide, there is a risk that the power consumption when the slide is moved uphill, ie against the slope, is quite large. In such a case, the sensor arrangement prevents the electrical system from being overloaded or even the fuses melting, and in particular that the necessary relocation work cannot be carried out. This ensures that the structure is not operated incorrectly, which could lead to the substructure no longer being operational.

The sensor arrangement expediently also detects whether the substructure is being moved, and at the same time prevents the convertible top frame from being actuated while the substructure is in motion. This can also be detected by detecting the forces acting on the convertible top frame, for example by driving wind and other relative speeds.

The sensor arrangement expediently comprises a gyroscope which is designed to determine the inclination. The gyroscope reliably records the inclination values, both in the direction of displacement of the convertible top frame as well as transversely to it, and provides correspondingly reliable information.

According to another embodiment, it is provided that the sensor arrangement comprises an acceleration sensor which, in addition to the actual inclination, can also detect the movement in the direction of inclination. An acceleration sensor is also advantageously suitable for detecting, for example, a tipping movement of a substructure designed as a dump truck.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the limit value of the inclination corresponds to an absolute amount of not more than 20 percent, preferably not more than 15 percent, and in particular to an absolute value of the inclination of not more than 10 percent. The inclination can be in either direction, with the option of moving a convertible top frame in the downward direction, even if it can no longer be moved in the opposite direction without exceeding the permissible current consumption.

The drive expediently comprises a controller, the sensor arrangement being connected to the controller. This advantageously creates the possibility of only triggering the drive when the values detected by the sensor arrangement lie within the permissible range.

According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that data for a maximum power consumption of the drive as a function of the inclination of the substructure are stored in the control unit, and that functions of the drive can be deactivated when the preset maximum values for the power consumption are exceeded. In this way, depending on the angular position or inclination of the structure and / or the substructure, some of the functions of the drive can also be provided, the effective forces which lead to an increased power consumption being able to be stored in the control as a function of the values of the inclination , It is possible to link the controller with a self-learning system that records the actual power consumption and dynamically varies the limit values accordingly.

According to a favorable embodiment, it is provided that if the limit value is exceeded, the slide is prevented from moving uphill and that if the limit value is exceeded, the slide can be moved downhill. It may be that the opposite initial movement described above results in increased power consumption, but this is so limited in time that the fuse cannot melt.

According to a preferred embodiment, the drive is supplied with energy from a vehicle battery which is protected with 20 amperes. This corresponds to the power provided by an output of a vehicle battery for consumers such as searchlights and the like.

The sensor arrangement expediently comprises means for detecting the displacement path of the slides, so that the distance still to be covered can be taken into account when calculating whether the inclination is within the tolerance range or not.

In the case of a configuration of the substructure as a tipping trough, a control of the drive preferably causes the carriage to be displaced into a retracted position before an inadmissible angular position, which corresponds to a dumping of the load, is detected by the sensor arrangement. This advantageously ensures that the convertible top frame is opened a little before the tipping trough reaches its tipping position, so that the bulk material contained in the tipping trough does not stress or even damage the convertible top frame.

The structure preferably comprises a sensor device which comprises a position sensor for the slide, the drive being stopped when the slide reaches one of two end positions.

According to one aspect of the invention, an openable structure for a substructure, such as a self-propelled truck, a truck, a semi-trailer, a trailer, a container, a tipper body, a rail wagon, a building or the like is provided, comprising a collapsible roof frame, one on the Convertible top frame connectable cover, in particular a tarpaulin, and a drive for folding and / or unfolding the convertible top frame, the drive causing at least one at least tension-resistant tension element to move, wherein the at least one, at least tension-resistant tension element can be coupled to a distal slide of the convertible top frame and moves the carriage back and forth as a function of an actuation direction of the drive. The structure is characterized in that a sensor device is provided, which comprises a position sensor for the carriage, and that the drive is stopped when the carriage reaches one of two end positions. This advantageously prevents the drive from having to be loaded against increasing resistance when the end position is reached in order to detect the end position of the slide. Rather, the increase in the load when moving the sled can be used to detect an obstacle or a fault. At the same time, the position sensor can be used to estimate the travel distance and the associated expected travel time and the associated energy consumption in order to determine whether the required power can be provided.

The position sensor can preferably detect the passage of a displacement sensor arranged on the at least one tension element that is at least rigid. The displacement sensor is preferably designed as a magnet, but can also be another detectable part. The position sensor can also be designed as a field sensor, which is able to detect passage of the distal slide. The displacement sensor is more expediently arranged in the region of the distal slide or is part of the distal slide, so that the position of the distal slide is decisive for determining the opening or closing state of the convertible top frame.

According to another embodiment, the position sensor is designed as an optical sensor, for example as a line scan camera or matrix camera, which either detects the passage of the distal slide or a displacement sensor connected to it, or else determines the open state of the convertible top frame from the position of the distal slide on the convertible top frame.

According to an alternative embodiment, it is provided that the position sensor detects a marking on the at least one at least tension-resistant tension element. As a result, the position sensor can advantageously also be arranged at a distance from the distal slide if the markings are also provided at a distance from the distal slide.

According to an alternative embodiment, it is provided that the sensor device detects the power consumption of the drive and that the movement of the slide against one of the two end positions is determined as a function of an increasing power consumption of the drive. In this case, the position sensor is designed, for example, as an inductive sensor that can compare the current consumption of the drive with a stored value profile. The power consumption of the drive for folding tarpaulin folding aids and the like can also be stored in a memory of the control in the control so that unscheduled power consumption can be recorded as representative of a fault condition.

A first threshold value for a current consumption of the drive is preferably provided, which limits in normal operation, wherein a current consumption of the drive exceeding the first threshold value is permitted for the duration of a first time period in order to cope with work peaks

According to one aspect of the invention, an openable structure for a substructure, such as a self-propelled truck, a truck, a semi-trailer, a trailer, a container, a tipper body, a rail wagon, a building or the like is provided, comprising a collapsible roof frame, one on the Convertible top frame connectable cover, in particular a tarpaulin, and a drive for folding and / or unfolding the convertible top frame, the drive causing at least one at least tension-resistant tension element to move, wherein the at least one, at least tension-resistant tension element can be coupled to a distal slide of the convertible top frame and moves the carriage back and forth as a function of an actuation direction of the drive. The structure is characterized in that a first threshold value is provided for a current consumption of the drive, which limits the power consumption in normal operation, and that a current consumption of the drive exceeding the first threshold value is permitted for the duration of a first period in order to peak work deal with. This advantageously ensures that the maximum current consumption usually provided by the useful output of a vehicle battery and secured by a fuse is not exceeded in continuous operation, so that the battery or the vehicle electrical system does not overheat, nor does the fuse blow or blow. The threshold value is expediently selected approximately 15 percent below the protected current consumption in order not to have to consider accidental fluctuations in the current consumption. Securing the energy supply of the useful output of a vehicle battery is, however, very slow, so that a brief exceeding of the maximum intake is harmless, provided the first period is not exceeded. This enables the drive to equip the particularly energy-intensive process of starting and pushing up the tarpaulin folding aids of the convertible top frame, in which a comparatively large weight has to be overcome, with an increased power consumption, so that there is an oscillating current consumption, the load peaks always then when the tarpaulin folding aids are pushed up. As a result, the drive system of the convertible top frame can be equipped with a power that repeatedly exceeds the nominal power provided by a useful output of a vehicle battery without triggering its securing. The first period can be provided several times during the relocation of the body.

The first threshold value for the current consumption more appropriately corresponds to the nominal current of a motor of the drive and is, for example, 10 amperes. If the motor is more powerful, the maximum of the protected current consumption and the nominal current of the motor is appropriate as the maximum value for the first threshold value. It is possible to select a safety discount from the protected current consumption for the threshold value, for example 19 amperes, particularly preferably 18 amperes and, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, 17.5 amperes. As a result, a sufficient distance from the secured performance of the vehicle battery is maintained, which at the same time enables the convertible top frame to be opened and closed at an appealing speed. On the other hand, a safety discount for the threshold value is not required from the nominal current of the motor. The motor can also be operated with a power consumption that is above the rated current for a comparatively short period of time.

The first time period is preferably between 0.0001 seconds (one tenth of a millisecond) and 10 seconds, particularly preferably between 0.001 seconds (one millisecond) and 5 seconds, and particularly favorably between 0.01 (10 milliseconds) and 3 seconds. The first period is therefore sufficiently long that the work of lifting the tarpaulin folding aids can be initiated, in particular if the vehicle has a certain inclination and / or the tarpaulin is loaded with snow, ice or rain, and the power consumption after overcoming the work to lift the tarpaulin is reduced again. In practice, the first time period is several tenths of a second, approximately 2 to 8 tenths of a second, so that an increased power consumption is possible for a short time with a nominal voltage of 24 volts.

In addition, it is advantageously provided that a second threshold value for a current consumption of the drive is provided for the duration of the first period, which limits the power consumption during the first period, for example to the secured amount of a useful output of a vehicle battery, which e.g. Is 20 amps. This ensures that the fuses do not blow, even when working at peak times. If the first period is selected to be very short, i.e. less than 8 or better less than 3 tenths of a second, it is possible to select the second threshold value for the current consumption of the drive even higher than the protected current consumption, since the inertia of the fuse allows this. With a secured current consumption of 20 amperes and a nominal motor current of also 20 amperes, the second threshold value can be set at 30 amperes in order to provide increased power.

It is possible to provide a minimum time interval which lies between successive first periods, for example to ensure that the system does not overheat or that the fuse fails despite its inertia. The interval is expediently the duration of the first period, preferably twice the duration of the first period and particularly advantageously at least five times the first period. Thus, the interval and the first period of time are roughly coordinated with one another in relation to the distances of the sled, so that the travel speed of the sled for applying the work of opening or closing the convertible top frame is at least constant in the first approximation and is even, low-jerky for the outside viewer and there is a harmonious sequence of movements.

It is possible to record the current consumption of the displacement of the slides for opening and closing the convertible top frame during the journey and to adapt the travel speed depending on whether the parameters threshold value and the first time period are reached.

The current consumption of the drive is expediently oscillating, so that there is a high current consumption in the area of opening the tarpaulin folding aids or overcoming resistances such as deformations of the substructure, damage to the guide and so on, and a low current consumption for the remaining displacement of the slides.

The drive is expediently supplied with electricity from an energy source of a vehicle transporting the substructure, for example the vehicle battery or its useful output. As a result, it is not necessary to equip the substructure or the superstructure with its own battery or energy supply, so that there is no need to charge or maintain this energy source.

According to a preferred development of the body, it is provided that the control of the vehicle controls the drive of the body.

According to a preferred embodiment, the maximum current consumption of the drive is achieved when a tarpaulin folding aid is raised. However, it is also possible that the maximum current consumption is reached when starting off, when overcoming an obstacle or when compensating for the deformation of a substructure.

The maximum current consumption of the displacement movement of the superstructure depends on a number of parameters, including the inclination of the superstructure or the substructure with respect to the horizontal. A shift against an incline is associated with a higher current consumption than a shift in the direction of the slope. A sensor arrangement is therefore expediently provided which detects the inclination of the body or the substructure and the control comprises means which determine the expected current consumption as a function of the inclination of the vehicle. Depending on the inclination and depending on the current consumption in the uninclined state, the drive of the convertible top frame can be blocked if the inclination exceeds a critical threshold value.

According to one aspect of the invention, a method for opening and closing a structure for a substructure, such as a self-driving motor vehicle, a truck, a semi-trailer, a trailer, a container, a tipping body, a building or the like, is provided, comprising a collapsible folding top frame, a cover that can be connected to the convertible top frame, in particular a tarpaulin, and a drive for input and / or Unfolding the convertible top frame, the drive causing at least one tension-resistant pull element to move, the at least one tension-resistant pull element being couplable to a distal slide of the convertible top frame and moving the slide back and forth as a function of an actuation direction of the drive. The method is characterized by the steps of driving the sled with a power which is below a first threshold for a current consumption of the drive in order to displace the sled, and driving the sled for a duration of a first time with a power which is higher than the the first threshold value for a current consumption of the drive is in order to displace the slide when a working tip is required due to the cover being pushed open. The method expediently makes it possible to provide power peaks for the construction, despite a comparatively low-secured electrical power.

According to one aspect of the invention, a structure is created which comprises a controller which is designed to carry out the method described above. The control system is designed in such a way that the body does not need its own energy source to open and close the convertible top frame, but can access existing energy sources or their useful output.

An expedient embodiment of the structure is characterized in that a camera is provided which scans the interior of at least the substructure. This advantageously makes it possible to determine whether the substructure is filled or not and whether bulk material or contaminants are possibly provided in the area of the carriage displacement.

Another favorable further development of the structure results from the fact that a work light is provided which illuminates the interior of at least the substructure. The worklight can be powered by the same power supply as the drive and enables, for example, the lighting required for loading the substructure.

The headlight is expediently switched off when the drive is driven by a motor in order to prevent the power consumption limits of the energy supply from being exceeded.

According to a favorable embodiment, it is provided that a control panel is arranged on the substructure or on the body, which is connected to a control of the drive. The control panel is expediently equipped with a plurality of control buttons and a plurality of displays with which the drive can be operated. A control button can be used to open the drive. Another control button can be used to close the convertible top frame. Displays can, for example, indicate faults or permissible or impermissible inclinations, and control buttons can also be provided for the headlight or the camera. It is also possible to provide a display in the control panel that shows the images captured by the camera.

According to a further advantageous implementation, it is provided that the drive comprises a controller which has an interface with a hotspot, in particular a WiFi or Bluetooth hotspot, via which an operating device connected to the hotspot, such as a smartphone or a tablet computer , can be used to actuate the drive. As a result, it is not necessary for an operator to enter the inputs directly on the control panel, but this can be done via the external control device. For example, the driver of a semitrailer can remotely control the structure of the trailer using a tablet PC or his smartphone, and at the same time he can see the image from the camera on the display of his control unit.

In addition, the control panel can also be arranged in the cab of a corresponding truck.

The possibility of using an external operating device makes it possible, in particular, to use self-driving trucks in which no driver can operate the substructure or the body. In this case, it is sufficient if a person equipped with an operating device at the destination identifies himself as a permitted operator via the hotspot and issues the appropriate commands. This can also be done automatically by a computer.

In a favorable configuration of the substructure as a tipping trough, the slide is advantageously moved back when an angle setting detected by the sensor arrangement is reached, which corresponds to a dumping of the load, so that the load cannot damage the convertible top frame and in particular the tarpaulin. Here, the shifting or retraction of the slides can be initiated before the tipping trough has reached its final angular position.

It is preferably provided that further slides on one side of the convertible top frame are free of the at least one tension element that is at least rigid. This makes it possible for the slides to move freely on a guide of the convertible top frame, and for only the distal sled to be moved by a corresponding device is coupled to the tension element. Alternatively, the distal slide can be carried by a slide connected to the pulling element, which only acts on the distal slide in one direction, so that the slide opens against the restoring force of the mass of the convertible top frame by the drive, but closes under the load of the Dimensions without drive.

The at least one tension element which is at least stiff in tension expediently runs in sections parallel to a guide rail for the slide. As a result, it can be coupled to the distal slide in a simple manner.

The at least one tension-resistant tension element is expediently designed as an endless, closed tension element, so that the drive can shift it in both directions. The pulling element can either drive the distal slide on one side of the convertible top frame or both distal slides on both sides of the convertible top frame.

The at least one at least tension-resistant tension element is expediently designed as a metallic wire, in particular made of steel, which is not very stretchy, only slightly lengthens or shortens in the event of temperature fluctuations, and which is extremely robust against external impairments.

The ends of the at least one tension-resistant traction element are preferably connected to one another with a clamp in order to achieve an endlessly rotating traction element, the clamp advantageously also providing the connection to a distal slide of the convertible top frame. If several slides are driven by the pulling element, a second clamp can easily be connected to the pulling element.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the at least one tension element which is at least stiff in tension is connected to two distal slides which are connected to a common spar, and that the tension element drives the two distal slides simultaneously. It is not necessary to provide two pulling elements for this, rather the drive enables the two slides to be driven simultaneously. If the convertible top frame has a sufficiently rigid end slide, this enables the distal slide to be driven from only one side, so that there is then no need to drive two distal slides at the same time.

According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the at least one tension element which is at least resistant to tension is connected to a distal slide which is connected to a spar and drives the collapsible convertible top frame on one side. It is also possible that the distal slide is not connected to a spar, for example if the tarpaulin folding aid has a lifting spar, in which case the at least one tension element which is at least stiff in tension is connected to a distal slide and drives the collapsible convertible top frame on one side.

The at least one at least tension-resistant pulling element expediently fixes the position of the connected carriage (s) when the rotatable part is blocked in an angle of rotation position. As a result, it is not necessary to provide a lock that can be triggered manually.

The drive preferably comprises a 24-volt motor, which is readily available on the market as a standard product and also does not require a large installation space.

Alternatively, the drive can include an extension for a hand crank, so that instead of flanging an electric motor, the hand crank can also be used to open and close the convertible top frame.

According to a first preferred embodiment, it is provided that the structure limits an upper roof opening of the substructure so that it can be closed. In this case the cover is e.g. a roof tarpaulin that is to be opened or closed for loading and / or unloading.

In an alternative embodiment, it is provided that the structure limits a lateral roof opening of the substructure so that it can be closed, for example a lateral loading opening of a curtainsider. In this case, the cover is designed, for example, as a side tarpaulin of the substructure.

The cover is expediently designed as a foldable tarpaulin, but it is also possible to form the cover from a plurality of articulated foldable plate bodies which span a foldable hard roof. The power consumption of the drive for folding panel bodies is, however, significantly higher than with a tarpaulin, since not only are the moving masses higher, but also the lack of flexibility of the panel bodies inhibits the kinematics.

The convertible top frame can also be designed to be openable in both directions, in that not only the distal slide can be driven to escote the convertible top frame, but also a proximal slide. In this case, the connection of the at least one at least tension-resistant tension element to the slide is to be designed accordingly such that the connection only takes the slide in one direction and not also in the other. As a result, the traction element can then be used in both directions to drive the one and / or the other carriage.

According to a preferred embodiment it is provided that the at least one tension element which is at least stiff in tension is connected directly to the slide, so that the force of the drive can be transmitted to the distal slide via the tension element with few intermediate elements. Alternatively, it is possible to equip the slide with a connecting part which, for example, protrudes downward from the slide and which extends into the displacement region of the tension element, so that it is not necessary to close the tension element directly at the height of the slide on the substructure or on the guide embarrassed. In a favorable embodiment, it is further provided that the tension-resistant tension element is coupled to a lever which is pivotally connected to the slide. The lever is expediently the extension of a part which is already attached to the distal slide, for example a distal cover which is arranged pivotably about the lever axis. However, it is also possible to link the lever to the distal slide independently of this.

The at least one at least tension-resistant tension element expediently comprises a first deflection device around which the tension element is placed, which is expediently a distal deflection roller which can be arranged in the region of the distal slide with the convertible top frame closed.

The first deflection device is expediently rotatable about a horizontal axis and fastened directly or indirectly to the substructure, so that the tension element can move endlessly over the first deflection device in the manner of an upper run or a lower run.

Preferably, the at least one at least tension-resistant tension element is placed further around a second deflection device, which is preferably designed as a deflection roller that can be rotated around a vertical axis, for example in the area of a section that extends the substructure, with which it is possible to deflect the tension element in one direction which is at least approximately perpendicular to the extension of the tension element between the second deflection device and the first deflection device. In this way, one long side of the substructure can also be operated favorably by the same pulling element as the second long side of the substructure.

Preferably, the at least one at least tension-resistant tension element is also placed around a third deflection device, which is preferably a deflection roller which is rotatably connected to an area continuing the substructure about an essentially vertical axis, so that both the upper run and the lower run, which come from the first deflection device, to which the pulling element driving rotary body is coupled. The coupling can take place in such a way that the tension element is coupled to a first rotation body driven by a motor, the tension element being wound several times around the first rotation body. If the convertible top frame is driven from two sides, the tension element is connected by one of the second deflection device and the third deflection device to an opposite deflection device, and the part of the tension element which extends back is then connected to the driving first rotary body of the drive. It goes without saying that the drive can be configured as described in detail above.

Further advantages, features, properties and developments of the invention result from the dependent claims and from the description of the following exemplary embodiment.

• 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines als Planenaufbau ausgebildeten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels eines öffenbaren Aufbaus.
• 2 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Bereichs des distalen Schlittens des Aufbaus aus 1 von der Seite.
• 3 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines heckseitigen Bereichs des Aufbaus aus 1 von der Seite.
• 4 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines heckseitigen Bereichs des Aufbaus aus 1 von hinten.
• 5 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht der Antriebseinrichtung des Aufbaus aus 1.
• 6 zeigt zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines heckseitigen Bereichs des Aufbaus aus 1 von der 3 gegenüberliegenden Seite.
• 7 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht der Antriebseinrichtung des Aufbaus aus 1.
• 8 zeigt einen Längssschnitt durch die Antriebseinrichtung.
• 9 zeigt eine frontale Ansocht eines Bedienfeldes des Aufbaus aus 1.
• 10 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der Führung des Zugelements aus 1 bis 9.

The invention is explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings using a preferred embodiment.

• 1 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an openable structure designed as a tarpaulin structure.
• 2 Figure 12 shows a perspective view of a portion of the distal carriage of the assembly 1 of the page.
• 3 shows a perspective view of a rear area of the body from 1 of the page.
• 4 shows a perspective view of a rear area of the body from 1 from behind.
• 5 shows a perspective view of the drive device of the structure 1 ,
• 6 shows a perspective view of a rear area of the body from 1 of the 3 opposite side.
• 7 shows a perspective view of the drive device of the structure 1 ,
• 8th shows a longitudinal section through the drive device.
• 9 shows a frontal heating of a control panel of the body 1 ,
• 10 shows a schematic representation of the guidance of the tension element 1 to 9 ,

In 1 is a perspective view of a tarpaulin structure 10 trained openable structure shown in which a dash-dotted tarpaulin 12 is indicated, which is not shown in the other figures for better representation. The part of a silhouette of a container is also shown in broken lines 14 indicated by a convertible top frame 16 is built over. The container 14 is designed, for example, as a rubble trough in which debris, but also dusty materials can be picked up, which is why the cover is covered by the tarpaulin structure 10 appropriate, may even be required for transportation on a truck. A front bulkhead of the container 14 is designed as a trough flap, which is pivoted to the container 14 is connected and which enables the container to be emptied by tipping it over.

The tarpaulin construction 10 points on both sides of the container 14 a connected guide rail on the side outer wall 20 on, which consists of a plurality of guide rail sections which are fixed at a distance from the outer container wall, for example by rivets, screws or other suitable fastening means, which are a defined distance from the outer wall of the container 14 enable. This is the guide rail 20 as a continuous part, composed of several parts, formed with a rectangular profile, which in the installed state has top and bottom as narrow sides and the broad sides parallel to the container wall.

At the rear end of the convertible top frame in the opening direction 16 , this in 1 is shown on the left, the convertible top frame protrudes 16 over the end of the container 14 addition, being in extension of the outer wall of the container 14 an essentially triangular console or plate 22 on the back of the container 14 is connected to the guide rail 20 continues. The purpose of the overhanging area is to open the entire filling opening of the container when open 14 To be able to fully release the moving parts of the convertible top frame, which are still to be described 16 can be moved there. In particular, no parts of the tarpaulin structure should be used 16 the filling of the container 14 hinder. The triangular plate 22 extends higher than the level of the guide rail 20 and extends the outer side wall of the container 14 even at this height to the rear. In practice, the sides of a container are often labeled according to the direction in which it is being moved, the flap usually being arranged on the rear of the vehicle; In the present case, however, is the area in which the moving parts of the convertible top frame 16 with the tarpaulin structure open 10 collect, referred to as the rear end, and the front end is the one that starts from a closed tarpaulin structure 10 is released first.

There is also an end stop spanning the container width 24 provided, which is essentially in a plane perpendicular to the guide rails 20 lies and has an inverted U-shape, and with the ends of the U on the triangular plates 22 connected to the end.

The convertible top frame 16 also has one along the guide rails 20 movable sliding roof arrangement 30 on to release the loading opening of the container 14 can be opened and closed again for covering.

The sliding roof assembly 30 includes a plurality of sledges 32 that run along the guide rail 20 can be moved. Each with respect to a bisector, that is the plane that is centered between the side walls of the container 14 is arranged or that plane that is central and parallel to the guide rails 20 runs, opposite sledge 32 is over a U-shaped spar 34 interconnected, the spar 34 has two curved corner pieces and optionally an elongated connecting piece made of a round tube, which are plugged together, whereby a favorable standardization of the parts is achieved. Everyone on the sled 32 provided spars 34 are at the same height as the tarpaulin 12 with the tarpaulin structure closed 10 equivalent. This is the tarpaulin 12 using suitable connecting means with the spars 34 connected, for example via buckles or belts or in the tarpaulin 12 trained recordings. The number of sledges 32 and therefore the spars 34 can vary depending on the length of the tarpaulin structure 10 vary.

On every sledge 32 is also on both sides of the spar 34 one swivel bracket each 36 articulated via a joint, which is also plugged together from a cylindrical tube via an elbow and an elongated connecting piece. Even at the end stop 24 is at the height of the sled 32 a swivel bracket 26 articulated, but not along the guide rails 20 is relocatable. Overall, it is possible to use the swivel bracket 26 . 36 also opposite the sled further up, i.e. on the legs of the spars formed by the corner pieces 34 to arrange. In the case of tarpaulin bodies that, for example, only build over a loading platform, brackets that are connected at a medium height to the brackets are sufficient. The swivel bracket 26 . 36 stand under one flat angle of about 30 ° to the horizontal and close an angle of about 60 ° with the associated spar 34 or the end stop 24 on. The swivel bracket 26 . 36 can each be swiveled up into an angular position of approximately 90 ° to the horizontal by practically parallel to the respective spars 34 or end stop 24 run.

On the front pair of sledges 32 ' that of one versus the other spars 34 more stable spar 34 ' are interconnected, is on that of the remaining convertible top frame 16 facing side a cover bracket 46 connected in a joint which can be pivoted between a pivoted down, essentially horizontal position, ie approximately 0 ° inclination to the horizontal, and a vertical position, ie approximately 135 ° inclination to the horizontal. The pivoting movement of the cover bracket 46 stretch the tarpaulin 12 , One can see that the cover bracket 46 again comprises two (multiple) curved bracket sections and an elongated connecting piece which is spaced from the spar 34 ' on a frame section of the foremost carriage 32 ' are connected. Between the articulation of the cover bracket 46 and the spar 34 ' is an auxiliary bracket 36 ' articulated in a joint that protrudes at an angle of approx. 45 ° to the horizontal.

A special feature of tarpaulin construction 10 for a container 14 is that the container 14 has a high rigidity, so that the convertible top frame 16 must follow the shape changes of the container. These can be caused by thermal expansion, for example when hot filling, or deformation of the container, for example by the mass of the filling or by mechanical damage. Therefore, a feature of the convertible top frame is that the U-shaped spars 34 , Swivel bracket 36 and cover bracket 46 allow a certain elastic deformation in the Y direction, that is the horizontal axis transverse to the displacement direction (X axis). So that the convertible top frame 16 Compensate for tolerances of up to 50 mm without causing a lasting hindrance to the movement of the slide 32 . 32 ' comes. Since it is manipulating the container 14 sometimes damage to the guide rail 20 can come, it is advantageously composed of sections that can be solved and exchanged or straightened if necessary. The angles given above also denote the angle of the plane in which the bracket lies to the horizontal - the pivot axis of the joints lies in the Y direction.

Brackets facing each other 36 neighboring sledge 32 . 32 ' are in the area of the elbows 36a via two swivel angle limiters 38 connected with each other. The one at the end stop 24 hinged temples 26 and the rearmost of the temples 36 are via a kinematics designed as a knee joint 138 connected with each other.

Both with the foremost spar 34 ' connected sledge 32 ' are from an electric drive 70 to move the sliding roof assembly 30 along the guide rail 20 drivable. The drive 70 comprises a tension-resistant tension element designed as an endless wire, that is to say closed 71 on that with the foremost sled 32 ' via a clamp arrangement 71a is coupled so that the movement of the wire 71 the foremost or distal sled 32 ' relocated. The drive 70 also includes a 24 volt electric motor 72 whose output shaft 72a with a snail 72b is coupled to an input shaft 73a one as the first cylinder 73 trained first rotary body combs. It is possible that between the engine 72 and the first cylinder 73 a slip clutch is arranged to decouple the parts in the event of mechanical overload. It is possible between engine 72 and input shaft 73a to provide a gear or make other connections.

On one of the two triangular plates 22 of the substructure or container 14 is a housing 22a connected in which the first cylinder 73 and one as a second cylinder 74 trained second rotating body are housed. The first cylinder 73 and the second cylinder 74 are each on the housing 22a rotatably connected. Here is the first cylinder 73 stationary in the housing 22a mounted while an axis 740 of the second cylinder 74 in an elongated hole 220 of the housing 22a which slot is accommodated 220 in its main axis to the first cylinder 73 shows so the second cylinder 74 accordingly in its distance from the first cylinder 73 or its axis 730 is adjustable. The first cylinder 73 and the second cylinder 74 together form a drive device 75 for the tension element 71 , that several times around the two cylinders 73 . 74 is laid. Here is the tension element 71 not completely wrapped around one of the cylinders, but always alternately around 180 degrees around each of the two cylinders 73 . 74 ,

The first cylinder 73 has a plurality of normal to the axis 730 of the first cylinder 73 running circumferential grooves 73b on where the tension element 71 is led. The circumferential grooves 73b have a slightly V-shaped contour that the tension element 71 leads slightly jammed. Between adjacent grooves 73b are radial bars 73c arranged, which prevent the tension element 71 the respective circumferential groove 73b leaves. One recognizes in particular in 8th that a total of five circumferential grooves 73b to the first cylinder 73 are trained.

The second cylinder 74 comprises four rotatable disc-shaped cylinder sections 174 that around the axis 740 can rotate independently. The cylinder sections 174 are designed in the manner of a package of deflection rollers. The cylinder sections 174 each have a circumferential groove 174b to guide the tension element 71 , which can also be V-shaped, but in the present case is designed as a stepped depression between two coil disk regions.

To reliably get a power from the engine 72 in the tension element 71 initiate form the first cylinder 73 and the second cylinder 74 thereby a drive device 75 that the tension element 71 a first, uppermost groove each 73b of the cylinder 73 wraps around 180 °, then a first, top cylinder section 174 of the second cylinder 74 in the area of its groove 174b wraps around 180 ° and then again the second, second uppermost groove 73b of the cylinder 73 to about 180 °. This is repeated for all other grooves 73b and cylinder sections 174 with grooves 174b until the spring element 71 the fifth, bottom groove 73b leaves. As a result, a tensile force is reliably in the tension element 71 initiated. At the same time it is avoided that the tension element 71 jammed around a single cylinder as a result of the drive movement. At the same time it is ensured that the spacing of the tension element 71 on the two cylinders 73 . 74 a self-locking of the tension element 71 is avoided.

In 10 is shown schematically as the tension element 71 is misplaced. The tension element 71 is in the area of a connection 71a with the distal sled 32 ' connected and takes this in the direction of the arrow 71b to open the tarpaulin structure 10 or in the opposite direction to close the tarpaulin structure 10 With. The tension element 71 is a distal pulley 75a . 75a ' placed, the two of the pulley 75a outgoing sections each around pulleys 75b . 75b ' . 75c . 75c ' are redirected.

The distal pulley 75a . 75a ' is rotatable about a horizontal axis, so that the tension element 71 essentially parallel to the guide rail 20 runs like in 1 to recognize. The other pulleys 75b . 75b ' . 75c . 75c ' are about vertical axes on each of the two triangular plates 22 connected. The tension element 71 is from the pulley 75c one side to the pulley 75b ' the other side, so that the same tension element 71 the two distal slides 32 ' drives. The tension element 71 is from the other proximal pulley 75c to a top groove 73b of the first cylinder 73 the drive device 75 directed. From the drive device wrapped several times above 75 the tension element arrives 71 then to the other pulley 75c ' ,

One recognizes in 8th that a lower end face 73d of the first cylinder 73 a wreath with a multitude of cylindrical holes 73e having a fixed radius around the axis 730 of the first cylinder 73 are arranged. On the first cylinder 73 housing part 22a is a support plate 81 by means of screws 81a connected to which an electromagnetic solenoid 80 is arranged, the lifting anchor with a locking pin 80a is coupled, the distal end towards the first cylinder 73 has. The support plate faces on the side facing the first cylinder 81 a plate 81b with a cylindrical bore 81c through which the locking pin 80a can be shifted through. The cylindrical bore 81c supports the locking pin 80a if this is subjected to radial forces, against buckling or bending. The locking pin 80a is equipped with an external thread at its proximal end that fits into an internal thread 80c of the lifting anchor 80 screwed.

The locking pin 80a is against a rotatable part of the drive 70 forming face 73d of the first cylinder 73 can be pushed forward so that when the locking pin 80a in one of the holes 73e penetrates the locking pin 80a the drive or the at least one tension element 71 secures against twisting and thus the distal slide 32 ' blocked.

The lifting magnet 80 allows the locking pin 80 between an advanced position and a retracted position, depending on the actuation of the solenoid 80 the drive 70 released or blocked. This is done by energizing the solenoid 80 the locking pin 80a retracted against the advanced position, while a spring element already installed in the solenoid pulls the locking pin 80a acted towards the advanced position. Becomes the first cylinder 73 rotated sufficiently slowly, the locking pin 80a when the solenoid is not energized 80 under the load of the spring element in the locking pin 80a opposite perforation 73e penetrate and the first cylinder 73 lock. It is therefore envisaged that the lifting magnet during the actuation of the drive 70 is energized. This is the drive 70 and the solenoid 80 both with one control 99 of the drive 70 connected.

It is particularly important that the circumference of the hole 73e then radially on the outer periphery of the locking pin 80a that in the hole 73e protrudes, abuts, the total load of the convertible top frame due to the connection with the tension element 71 and its rubbing and / or pinching power transmission to the first cylinder 73 over the hole 73e on the lock pin 80a overloaded. This load is not insignificant, because in addition to the actual mass of the convertible top frame 32 those in the tarp 12 stored spring force in one or the other direction of displacement of the slide 32 ' can act, also in the case of the design of the substructure 14 as a tipping trough the gravity on the convertible top frame can be added.

With this in mind, it is due to the radial on the locking pin 80a acting force often not possible with the solenoid 80 the locking pin 80a against the load of the spring element of the solenoid 80 from the corresponding hole 73e withdraw.

For this reason is a controller 99 of the drive 70 designed in such a way that in the case of an operator command to move the foremost carriages in a certain direction, a short travel path or a short travel pulse in the opposite direction is first initiated, which, given a corresponding load on the circumference of the locking pin 80a leads to its relief, so that the lifting magnet 80 the locking pin 80a out of engagement with the first cylinder 73 can shift. However, if the load is in the opposite direction, the subsequent actual movement of the drive leads 70 to the locking pin 80a is released, with the result that then the solenoid 80 the locking pin 80a can withdraw.

The above-described method for controlling the opening or closing movement of the openable structure 10 or the opening structure 10 is, for example, a program in the control 99 saved.

The locking pin 80a is with one from the first cylinder 73 opposite end of the solenoid 80 outstanding ring-shaped train end 80c equipped with a manual unlocking of the locking pin 80a allows. In this way, even if the electrical system malfunctions, the structure can open 10 be released.

One can see that the locking pin 80a the rotatable first cylinder 73 positively blocked and in particular prevents the drive 80 the first cylinder 73 to a relative movement with respect to the tension element 71 causes. Hence the blocking of the first cylinder 73 the preferred way, the traction element 71 at the same time blocking and preventing movement in the system of the drive 70 and the pulleys 75a . 75b . 75c comes.

The lifting magnet 80 is expediently operable by applying an electrical voltage and is connected to a control of the drive, so that the movement of the drive 70 and the displacement work of the solenoid 80 can be coordinated. At the same time, both parts are equipped with a signal transmitter that informs the control system whether the locking pin 80a of the solenoid 80 in the first cylinder 73 is indented or not.

One recognizes in 4 that on the top of the case 22a the motor 72 is connected while on the bottom of the case 22a the support plate 81 with the solenoid 80 connected.

In the area of the clamping arrangement 71 a is also a magnet installed by a sensor device for determining the position of the distal slide 32 ' and thus the degree of opening of the convertible top frame 16 can be recorded.

Furthermore, the drive 70 a sensor arrangement designed as a gyroscope 91 on that in the area of a control panel 90 , this in 9 is shown, is housed. The sensor arrangement 91 can also be elsewhere in the build 10 , the substructure 14 or a vehicle transporting it.

The sensor arrangement 91 is with the controller 99 of the drive 70 connected. The sensor arrangement 91 can the inclination of the construction 10 determine to the horizontal. Limit values for permissible inclination angles are stored in the control system, if exceeded, the drive 70 is out of order. The control panel is near the drive device 75 attached, but it is additionally or instead possible, a control panel 90 also in the cab of one of the substructures 14 to accommodate the transprotecting vehicle.

The control panel 90 includes a first button 92a for moving the convertible top frame using the drive 70 in the opening direction and a second button 92b for moving the convertible top frame using the drive 70 in the closing direction. Both buttons 92a . 92b are with the control 99 of the drive 70 connected. Another key 92c enables the interior of the substructure to be switched on or off 14 illuminating headlamp. Another key 92d enables the interior of the substructure to be switched on or off 14 watching camera.

An ad 93a on the control panel 90 signals a fault in the electrical system for luminaires. Another ad 93b signals another malfunction in luminaires. Another ad 93c signals for luminaires that the permissible inclination angle has been exceeded. All buttons and displays are with the control 99 of the drive 70 connected. The control panel is near the drive device 75 arranged.

The drive 70 including the engine 72 is one at the useful output 24 Volt energy source of the substructure 14 transporting vehicle connected so that it is not necessary the substructure 14 building 10 or the in 1 control designated 99 with its own energy source. However, the useful output of the vehicle battery of a truck is limited to a certain power consumption, since the usual applications such as searchlights and the like do not represent large power consumption. The useful output is usually protected with 20 amps.

So that the fuse does not work, it is advantageously provided that a first threshold value for the current consumption of the drive 70 is set, the power consumption of the drive 70 limited in normal operation. Depending on the design, the first threshold is around 85% to 100% of the protected current and in this case the nominal current of the motor 72 . 10 Amp.

Certain sections of the top frame travel 16 along the guide 20 however, require work peaks that may not be manageable with the power consumption limited by the first threshold. This may be due to circumstances, such as when the tarpaulin is covered by ice or snow 12 covered, or if the substructure 14 and the construction 10 are parked in such a way that an incline has to be mastered or the load of the weight force unevenly on the two front slides 32 ' is distributed. Furthermore, work peaks can be seen when the opening movement is started, since the relatively massive cover member 46 of the convertible top frame 16 must be pivoted into a raised position, the pivoting work by a stop against which a lever of the cover member 46 strikes, must be applied. Another tip can result if the tarpaulin folding aid for the tarpaulin 12 by the two over the swivel angle limiter 38 interconnected bracket 36 is realized, needs to be belched. In the present exemplary embodiment, the working tip is low, but if the tarpaulin folding aids are arranged in a horizontal position close to the dead center, the erection is more energy-intensive.

To avoid the engine 72 overloaded, it is provided that a first period in which the power consumption of the drive in normal operation and thus the first threshold value for current consumption may still be exceeded in order to cope with work peaks, should not be longer than 3 seconds a second threshold value for the current consumption of the drive 20 Ampere is not exceeded to avoid that the fuse of the power supply is triggered. In practice, it is sufficient if the additional power is only provided for a few tenths of a second. It is possible, but not necessary, to select the second threshold value for the current consumption at approximately 85% of the maximum value, for example at 17 amperes. Securing the vehicle electrical system is relatively slow and the temperature development in the area of the vehicle electrical system is not very strong.

It is expediently provided that a minimum time interval is provided between two successive first time periods, which prevents the first threshold value from exceeding the power consumption of the drive in too short a succession, the minimum time interval being selected according to the length of the first time period, that is to say 3 seconds , So should the control 99 the belching of the cover member 48 as well as lifting the tarpaulin folding aids 36 to accomplish this, the distal slide moves correspondingly slowly 32 ' over the entire length of the tour 20 until the convertible top frame 16 completely folded and the corresponding opening of the substructure is released.

It is possible to provide shorter values for the first period and for the minimum time interval if the convertible top frame 16 can or should be opened more quickly overall. It is also possible to have a more powerful engine 72 to be installed, which has a higher nominal current of, for example, 20 amperes, so that the nominal power is approximately doubled. For work peaks, the amount of current consumption can still be increased over 20 amperes during the first period.

Alternatively, the expected power consumption of the drive 70 from the controller 99 can also be determined in a computing operation, which changes the drive speed of the tension element 71 dynamically determined parameters can set the first threshold and the first period.

The above configuration ensures in particular that even if an operator changes the opening direction several times and thus a longer period of time in the region of optionally lifting the cover member 46 or the tarpaulin folding aid 36 . 38 spends, although the permissible power consumption of the vehicle battery is not exceeded.

At the same time, the power consumption of the drive can be monitored by the controller to determine whether unforeseen obstacles prevent the body from opening and closing 10 hinder or block.

Furthermore, the control system provides that a power consumption of the drive that exceeds the first threshold value is also possible when the drive is stopped, in order to ensure in any case that the locking pin 80a in the first rotating body 73 engages.

The appropriate commands can be issued by a user via the control panel 90 can be entered, but it is possible via a Bluetooth hotspot, not shown, to enter the operating errors via an external computer if it has connected to the hotspot. In the same way, the images of the camera and the other data can be displayed on the computer, which can also be a tablet PC or a smartphone.

The invention has been described above using an exemplary embodiment in which the locking of the distal slides 32 ' over the locking pin 80a , the first rotating body 73 and the tension element 71 he follows. It goes without saying that a mechanical locking of the convertible top frame with the substructure can also be provided.

The invention has been explained above using an exemplary embodiment in which the opening and closing movement starting from the distal slide 32 ' is possible. It goes without saying that in another embodiment the proximal slide 32 of the convertible top frame with the tension element 71 can be coupled so that the convertible top frame can also be opened in the other direction or in both directions.

The invention has been described above using an exemplary embodiment in which the tension element 71 the convertible top frame on both distal slides 32 ' that over the spar 34 ' are connected to each other. If the convertible top frame is designed to be sufficiently stable, the drive can also be carried out from only one side, an end carriage of the convertible top frame then ensuring a uniform transmission of the force to the carriages arranged on both sides.

The invention has been described above using an exemplary embodiment in which the spars 34 . 34 ' are essentially designed as a U-shaped bracket. It goes without saying that instead of the U-shaped brackets, elongated bows are also used for the opposite carriages 32 can connect with each other, which then no longer go up from the sled. It is also possible that the carriages opposite one another with respect to a longitudinal bisector of the tarpaulin structure are not connected to one another by an immovable spar, but rather only via a hinge connected to the carriage such as, for example, the hanger 36 ,

Here, however, the articulated connection can comprise folding plates, as are known from sliding roofs for truck bodies, which carry a so-called lifting bow.

The invention has been described above using an exemplary embodiment in which an operator controls the control with commands for opening and closing the convertible top frame. It goes without saying that, in particular in the case of self-driving systems, the commands can also be issued automatically or computer-controlled, for example if a self-driving commercial vehicle is to be loaded or unloaded.

Claims (10)

Disclosed structure for a substructure (14), such as a self-propelled truck, a truck, a semi-trailer, a trailer, a container, a tipping body, a railway wagon, a building or the like, comprising a collapsible convertible top frame (16), a connectable to the convertible top frame Cover (12), in particular a tarpaulin, and a drive (70) for folding in and / or unfolding the convertible top frame (16), the drive (70) causing at least one at least tension-resistant pulling element (71) to move, the at least an at least tension-resistant pulling element (71) can be coupled to a distal slide (32 ') of the convertible top frame (16) and moves the slide (32') back and / or forth depending on an actuation direction of the drive (70), characterized in that the drive (70) comprises a driven first rotary body (73), the drive (70) comprises a second rotary body (74), the first rotary body (73 ) and the second rotating body (74) are arranged adjacent to one another and form a drive device (75), and that the at least one tension element (71) which is at least stiff in tension is provided several times around the drive device (75) formed from the first rotating body (73) and the second rotating body (74) ) is wrapped. Apparent structure after Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one tension element (71), which is at least stiff in tension, is wound at least three times around the drive device (75). Apparent structure after Claim 2 , characterized in that the second rotary body (74) is driven by the at least one at least tension-resistant tension element (71), and in that the first rotary body (73) can be set in rotation by the drive (70). Revealable structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first rotary body is designed as a cylinder (73) and has circumferential grooves (73b) in which the at least one tension element (71) which is at least rigid is guided. Apparent structure after Claim 4 , characterized in that radial webs (73c) are arranged between adjacent circumferential grooves (73b), which prevent the at least one tensile element (71) which is at least stiff in tension from leaving the respective circumferential groove (73b). Revealable structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first rotational body (73) and the second rotational body (74) have parallel axes (730; 740). Revealable structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first rotary body (73) and / or the second rotary body (74) have a mutually variable spacing for adjusting the length of the at least tension-resistant tension element (71). Revealable structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a spring member is arranged between the first rotating body (73) and the second rotating body (74), which acts on the second rotating body (74) in a direction away from the first rotating body (73) and thus a tension of the at least one at least tension-resistant tension element (71) is reached. Revealable structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the second rotary body (74) comprises a plurality of independently rotatable disk-shaped cylinder sections (174), the disk-shaped cylinder section (174) each wrapped by the at least one at least tension-resistant tension element (71) is. Revealable structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a locking pin (80a) is provided which can be pushed against a part of the first rotary body (73), and that the locking pin (80a) secures the first rotary body (73) against rotation and thus blocking the carriage (32 ') even when the drive (70) is not driven.

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